Search

Objectives: Identify the frequency of recurrent violence in cases reported in Espírito Santo and the associated factors., Methods: Cross-sectional study. Which included data on violence in Espírito Santo from 2011 to 2018, from the Notifiable Diseases Information System, and, Statistical analyzes were performed using the chi-square test and Poisson regression., Results: 54.2% (N:14.966) of reported cases of violence are repeated, and higher prevalences were associated with female sex (PR:1.54), child (PR: 1.29) or elderly victims (PR: 1.25), the presence of disabilities/disorders (PR:1.42) and occurrence in urban/peri-urban areas (PR: 1.10). Furthermore, there is a greater frequency of injuries caused by a single aggressor (PR: 1.20), man (PR: 1.28), aged 25 or over (PR: 1.09), known to the victim (PR: 2.81) and at home (PR: 1.69)., Conclusion: The reported cases of violence showed a high frequency of recurrence, and were associated with the studied characteristics of the victim, the aggressor and the event.

Objective: To verify the prevalence of reported cases and the factors associated with physical violence against the child., Methods: Cross-sectional study with data from reported cases of physical violence against children from 2011 to 2018 in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The characteristics of the victim, author and aggression were studied, and the associations were analyzed using Poisson regression., Results: In the period, were notified of 3,127 cases of violence against children. The frequency of physical violence was 23.6% (CI95%: 22.2-25.2), more prevalent in males; for the age group of 6 to 9 years; in rural areas; among aggressors over 20 years of age; outside the residence, and night/dawn shift., Conclusions: Physical violence affects an expressive number of children, mainly committed by adult individuals, probably being the result of an asymmetric relationship of power. Thus, it is important to highlight the need for child protection actions together with cultural and structural changes in our society., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda.)

Sexual violence is one of the forms of violence against children worldwide. Understanding its magnitude and its associated factors is essential to promote effective protection policies to childhood. The objective was to verify the prevalence and analyze the factors associated with sexual violence against children in a Brazilian state. This is a cross-sectional study analyzing data from reported cases of violence against children in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, between 2011 and 2018. The characteristics of the victim, perpetrator and aggression were studied, and the associations were analyzed using Poisson regression. The frequency of sexual violence was 41.8% and was more prevalent in girls, in the age groups 3 to 5 and 6 to 9 years old, in white ethnicity/color and in the urban area. The offenders were mainly men, known to the victim and occurred mainly in the residence. Sexual violence was the most reported violence among children in Espírito Santo, occurring within their circle of trust, demonstrating the need to provide support for families and to advance public policies to guarantee children's rights.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of catastrophic costs on unfavorable tuberculosis treatment outcomes., Methods: This was a prospective cohort study, conducted in five Brazilian state capitals (Manaus, Recife, Vitória, Campo Grande and Porto Alegre) from June 2016 to July 2018. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI)., Results: Of the 350 participants, 310 were included, of whom 30 presented unfavorable outcomes. Catastrophic cost (OR=2.53 -95% CI 1.13;5.67) and divorce (OR=5.29 -95% CI 1.39;20.05) increased the chances of unfavorable outcomes., Conclusion: Financial difficulties during tuberculosis treatment may impair its outcome. Catastrophic cost and divorce were determining factors for treatment outcomes.

Objective: To identify the frequency of reported cases and factors associated with recurrent childhood violence in Espírito Santo State, Brazil., Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of cases notified on the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System between 2011-2018. Associations were tested using Pearson's Chi-Square test and Poisson Regression stratified by sex., Results: The frequency of recurrent violence was 32.5%. In boys, it was associated with the child's age (PR=1.38 - 95%CI 1.11;1.73) and the aggressor's age (PR=1.85 - 95%CI 1.30;2.63) and occurrence at home (PR=1.61 - 95%CI 1.23;2.11); in girls, it was associated with age (PR=1.39 - 95%CI 1.20;1.60), presence of disabilities/disorders in the victim (PR=1.43 - 95%CI 1.22;1.67), abusive parents (PR=3.70 - 95%CI 1.65;8.32) and occurrence at home (PR=1.39 - 95%CI 1.10;1.75)., Conclusion: Recurrent violence was present in almost one third of the reports of violence against children in Espírito Santo State, requiring the recognition of its associated factors for the development of prevention policies.