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Your search keyword '"Petroianu, Georg A."' showing total 44 results
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44 results on '"Petroianu, Georg A."'

2. Computational approaches for evaluating morphological changes in the corneal stroma associated with decellularization

Author

Pantic, Igor V., primary, Cumic, Jelena, additional, Valjarevic, Svetlana, additional, Shakeel, Adeeba, additional, Wang, Xinyu, additional, Vurivi, Hema, additional, Daoud, Sayel, additional, Chan, Vincent, additional, Petroianu, Georg A., additional, Shibru, Meklit G., additional, Ali, Zehara M., additional, Nesic, Dejan, additional, Salih, Ahmed E., additional, Butt, Haider, additional, and Corridon, Peter R., additional

Published
2023
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31. Cholinergic stimulation of the immune system protects against lethal infection by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium

Author

Fernandez-Cabezudo, Maria J, Lorke, Dietrich E, Azimullah, Sheikh, Mechkarska, Milena, Hasan, Mohammed Y, Petroianu, Georg A, and al-Ramadi, Basel K

Subjects
Lipopolysaccharides, Male, Salmonella typhimurium, Cholinesterase Reactivators, Erythrocytes, T-Lymphocytes, Cell Count, Pyridinium Compounds, Thymus Gland, GPI-Linked Proteins, Nitric Oxide, Paraoxon, Mice, Oximes, Concanavalin A, Animals, B-Lymphocytes, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Macrophages, Original Articles, Survival Analysis, Immune System, Salmonella Infections, Acetylcholinesterase, Cytokines, Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Lymph Nodes, Spleen
Abstract

The cholinergic nervous system has been demonstrated to attenuate the inflammatory response during sepsis via the inhibitory action of acetylcholine (ACh) on macrophages. These findings were largely based on experimental sepsis models using endotoxin as the inducing agent. Herein, however, we report that the specific inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) renders animals more resistant to infection by a virulent strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, a Gram-negative enteric pathogen. Inhibition of AChE was induced by a subchronic exposure to paraoxon, a potent anti-cholinesterase metabolite of the organophosphorous compound parathion. Our findings indicate that inhibition of AChE enhanced survival of infected mice in a dose-dependent fashion and this correlated with efficient control of bacterial proliferation in target organs. Immunologically, inhibition of AChE enabled the animals to mount a more effective inflammatory anti-microbial response, and to secrete higher levels of interleukin-12, a key T helper type 1-promoting cytokine. The ACh-induced enhancement in resistance to infection was abrogated by co-administration of an oxime which can reactivate AChE. Hence, in a model of Gram-negative bacterial infection, cholinergic stimulation is shown to enhance the anti-microbial immune response leading to effective control of bacterial proliferation and enhanced animal survival.

Published
2010

41. Phospholipase A2(PLA2) activity in mini pigs after acute high dose iv-paraoxon (POX) intoxication

Author

Petroianu, Georg, Helfrich, Ursula, Globig, Susanne, Fisher, Joseph, and Rüfer, Roderich

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to establish in the mini pig model the effects of paraoxon (POX) on PLA2activity. Six anesthetized and mechanically ventilated mini pigs were infused over 50 min with 0.3, 1, 3, 9, 27 and 81 mg POX kg−1BW−1dissolved in ethanol, respectively. The control animal received no POX but the ethanol amount corresponding to the highest POX dose. PLA2activity measurements were carried out immediately after POX application. Data were analysed with the Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon rank order test. Statistical significance was assumed for P≤0.05. Exposure to POX inhibited PLA2activity to 50.5±8.9% of baseline activity. The changes seen were not dose-dependent. The dose dependency previously demonstrated in vitro was not reproducible in vivo. This is most probably due to the massive endogenous catecholamine release leading to PLA2activation. An additional masking effect is due to the (co)administration of drugs needed for anesthesia and cardiovascular support, especially Mg2+. These substances also influence the PLA2activity.

Published
1999
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43. Pralidoxime rescues both muscarinic and nicotinic systems.

Author

Petroianu GA

Subjects
Animals, Atropine pharmacology, Cholinesterase Inhibitors metabolism, Cholinesterase Inhibitors toxicity, Humans, Muscarinic Antagonists pharmacology, Organophosphorus Compounds antagonists & inhibitors, Organophosphorus Compounds metabolism, Organophosphorus Compounds toxicity, Swine, Swine, Miniature, Antidotes pharmacology, Cholinesterase Reactivators pharmacology, Pralidoxime Compounds pharmacology, Receptors, Muscarinic drug effects, Receptors, Nicotinic drug effects
Published
2005
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44. Chronic idiopathic singultus: is there life after cisapride?

Author

Petroianu GA

Subjects
Cisapride therapeutic use, Drug Therapy, Combination, Gabapentin, Gastrointestinal Agents therapeutic use, Humans, Indoles therapeutic use, Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Serotonin Receptor Agonists therapeutic use, Acetates therapeutic use, Amines, Anticonvulsants therapeutic use, Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids, Hiccup drug therapy, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
Published
2004

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