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1. Samarbetet mellan TNC och RTT 1938–1998: Terminologiarbete som resurs för meningsfull kommunikation

Author: Hans Landqvist, Niina Nissilä, Nina Pilke, and Sannina Sjöberg
Subjects: domänförlust, domänvinst, rådet for teknisk terminologi (rtt), tekniska nomenklaturcentralen/terminologicentrum (tnc), Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract: This article describes and analyses the contacts between the Swedish and Norwegian national terminology organisations between the 1940s and the 1990s. The Swedish Tekniska nomenklaturcentralen TNC (1941– 2018; 2000–2018 Terminologicentrum TNC) was Sweden’s national center for special languages and terminology work for more than 75 years. Since its founding in 1941, the TNC was active not only in Sweden, but also in establishing and maintaining international contacts. The Norwegian Rådet for teknisk terminologi RTT was founded in 1938 and closed down in 2001. The research material used is the collection of correspondence in the TNC’s document archive, in particular the section stored with the code “Unor”, i.e., letters (N=374) documenting written communication between the TNC and the RTT. The article describes the topics covered in the communication, the individuals involved, the objectives and consequences of the communication and the results achieved. In a quantitative analysis, the themes of the letters are categorised in four main categories: publications, communication, information, and language issues. In a qualitative analysis, a specific terminological issue in the field of welding technology is analysed by close reading and content analysis. Finally, further studies, which complete the picture of terminological cooperation on institutional level in the Nordic countries, are proposed.
Published: 2023

2. Organisationer, frågor och (an)svar – Institutionellt terminologiskt samarbete mellan Sverige och Finland 1975–1998

Author: Hans Landqvist, Niina Nissilä, Nina Pilke, and Sannina Sjöberg
Subjects: brevväxling, nationellt terminologiorgan, termfrågor, terminologiskt samarbete, Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract: This article describes and analyses the contacts between the Swedish and Finnish national terminology organisations between the 1970s and the 1990s. The Swedish Tekniska nomenklaturcentralen TNC (1941–2018; 2000–2018 Terminologicentrum TNC) was Sweden’s national center for special languages and terminology work for more than 75 years. Since its founding in 1941, the TNC was active not only in Sweden, but also in establishing and maintaining international contacts. The Finnish Centre for Technical Terminology TSK (after 2004 Finnish Terminology Centre TSK) was founded in 1974. The research material used is the collection of correspondence in the TNC’s document archive, in particular the section stored with the code “Ufin”, i.e., letters (N=98) documenting written communication between the TNC and the TSK. The article describes the topics covered in the communication, the individuals involved, the objectives and consequences of the communication and the results achieved. In a quantitative analysis, the themes of the letters are categorised in four main categories: publications, communication, information, and language issues. In a qualitative analysis, a specific terminological issue in the field of wood technology is analysed by close reading and content analysis. Finally, further studies, which complete the picture of terminological cooperation on institutional level in the Nordic countries, are proposed.
Published: 2022

3. 'Av intresse för saken dristar jag mig att till diskuss- ion framlägga ett par spörsmål' – Kaksi suomalaista akateemista uranuurtajaa terminologiaverkoston kirjeenvaihdossa

Author: Niina Nissilä, Sanna Heittola, Nina Pilke, and Hans Landqvist
Subjects: sanastotyö, terminologia, asiantuntijat, verkostot, erikoisala, Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract: The Swedish Tekniska Nomenklaturcentralen TNC (2000–2018 Terminologicentrum TNC) hasbeen Sweden's national center for special languages and terminology work for more than 75 years. Since its founding in 1941, the TNC has been active not only in Sweden, but also in establishing and maintaining international contacts. The article describes the contacts between actors in the Swedish and Finnish terminology field, looking in particular at the contacts between the TNC and actors in the Finnish higher education sector between the 1940s and the 1990s. The method utilized is close reading and content analysis. The research material used is the collection of foreign correspondence in the TNC's document archive, and in particular the section stored in connection with the code Ufin, i.e. sections concerning communication between the TNC and Finnish actors. The article describes the topics covered in the communication, the objectives and consequences of the communication and the results achieved. The article focuses especially on the contacts between the TNC and two active actors in Finland, professor Jarl Salin at the Åbo Akademi University and professor Christer Laurén at the University of Vaasa. In the analysis, the Ufin themes of the letters were categorized in four main categories: publications, communication, information and language issues. In professor Jarl Salins letters, the most common theme were language issues, whereas Professor Christér Laurén contacted TNC especially in connection with publications and publishing.
Published: 2021

4. Ingenjörer, termer och begrepp. Elektroteknikföretaget Aseas insatser inom ett svenskt terminologiskt nätverk 1941–1983

Author: Hans Landqvist and Nina Pilke
Subjects: experter, nätverk, tekniska nomenklaturcentralen – tnc, terminologiskt arbete, Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract: In this paper, we study how Allmänna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget – Asea has participated in and influenced terminology work coordinated by the national terminology centre, Swedish Centre for Technical Terminology – TNC, in Sweden during 1941–1983. The aim of this paper is to shed light on the development of Swedish (technical) terminology based on networking and experts’ efforts. Based on archive material, we analyze who have been the active “Asea experts”, in what ways they were involved in thedevelopment processes and what effects their efforts had on the term recommendations given by TNC. The archive material consists of written documents relating to the work process developed by John Wennerberg, who led TNC between 1941 and 1957. The process was carried out in the form of 373 formal survey letters representing 16 subject fields, with both TNC and external parties participating. Our results show that the 52 “Asea experts” play a visible role in the processes by 408 received survey letters within all 16 subject fields. The high response rate, 89.5 %, reveal the experts’ involvement in the process and their high esteem of TNC ́s work. The analysis of the comprehensive survey letter R198 shows that Wennerberg has considered the experts’ answers regarding terms (selection, linguistic form, acceptance/discourage) and definitions when he has published TNC’s recommendations. Our study shows that networking and experts representing the corporate sector have been an inseparable part of the development of Swedish (technical) terminology during several decades.
Published: 2020

5. Tieteellisen tekstin jäsentäminen

Author: Merja Koskela and Nina Pilke
Subjects: jäsentäminen, tieteellinen kirjoittaminen, rakenne, teksti, käsitteet, Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract: Tämä artikkeli käsittelee opinnäytetöiden jäsentämiseen liittyviä rakenteellisia ja sisällöllisiä näkökulmia. Artikkelin lähtökohtana on, että tieteellistä ajattelua ohjaavat tietyt tieteenalasta ja tieteellisestä tasosta riippumattomat yleiset periaatteet. Tällaisia ovat paitsi neutraalius, objektiivisuus ja lähteiden käyttö myös suunniteltu ja perusteltavissa oleva jäsennys. Tavoitteena on osoittaa, miten tekstin kokonaisuuden ja osien hahmottaminen ja järjestäminen tukevat toimivan tekstikokonaisuuden tuottamista. Termi tieteellinen teksti kattaa tässä artikkelissa sekä varsinaiset tieteelliset tutkimukset että ne tekstit, joilla tutkimuksen raportointia harjoitellaan eli eritasoiset opinnäytteet. Esittelemme oman tutkimus- ja ohjauskokemuksemme, opinnäytetöistä poimittujen tekstiesimerkkien, kirjoitusohjeiden ja tutkielmien arviointikriteereiden pohjalta erilaisia vaihtoehtoisia jäsentämisen malleja ja käytäntöjä. Nämä tarjoavat opinnäytetöiden ohjaajille ja kirjoittajille tukea opinnäyteprosessiin. Systemaattista erontekoa rakenteellisen ja sisällöllisen jäsennyksen välillä ei yleensä tehdä suomenkielisissä kirjoitusoppaissa tai tutkielmien arviointikriteereissä. Tässä artikkelissa esitämme, että eronteko kannattaa tehdä, koska nämä jäsennystavat vaativat erilaista ajattelua. Rakenteellisen jäsennyksen näkökulmasta on tärkeää noudattaa oman tieteenalan ja julkaisufoorumin käytänteitä. Sisällöllisen jäsennyksen kannalta on olennaista miettiä, millä tavalla tarkasteltavat ilmiöt on tarkoituksenmukaisinta esittää suhteessa toisiinsa teksti- ja käsitetasolla.
Published: 2020

6. 'Luulen, että tämä työpaikka ja kokemukset voivat saada minut työhön pian' ‒ suomi toisena kielenä -oppijoiden työelämäjakson viestinnällisestä tavoitteenasettelusta

Author: Marjut Männistö and Nina Pilke
Subjects: osallisuus, suomi toisena kielenä, työelämäjakso, viestintätaidot, Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract: In this article, we focus on the working life training of highly qualified persons with non-Finnish backgrounds from the perspective of communication skills and inclusion experience. In particular, we are interested in both formal and informal inclusion in working life contexts during the working life period. The training period is part of integration training in a Finnish context. Our aim is to identify opportunities to develop the practices of highly educated learners with non-Finnish backgrounds, in terms of language and communication skills development and workplace inclusion. The material consists of the training documentation compiled by the training provider, the ethnographic observation of researchers, and the speaking diaries of two trainees. Our main results show that trainees are able to set goals for their working life training period in many different ways. Language and communication skills develop in real interaction and are an important part of building the experience of inclusion.
Published: 2019

7. (O)lika? Två experters verksamhet inom ett terminologiskt nätverk

Author: Hans Landqvist and Nina Pilke
Subjects: fackexperter, nätverk, språkexperter, tekniska nomenklaturcentralen tnc, terminologiskt arbete, Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract: Tämä tutkimus tarkastelee yhden alan asiantuntijan ja yhden kieliasiantuntijan osallistumista omakielisten käsitteiden ja termien valintaan ja vakiinnuttamiseen Ruotsin kansallisen terminologiakeskuksen toiminnassa 1940‒1983. Vertaamme asiantuntijoiden kommentointia määrällisesti ja laadullisesti induktiivisen luokittelun pohjalta. Aineisto koostuu kirjemuotoisista asiantuntijalausunnoista, joiden pohjalta Tekniska Nomenklaturcentralen (TNC) on antanut alakohtaisia suosituksiaan. Tutkimuksen tulokset osoittavat, että molemmat asiantuntijat ovat aktiivisia toimijoita lausuntoprosessissa. Kemian alan insinööri Halvard Liander on vastaanottanut 73 ja pohjoismaisten kielten professori Gösta Bergman 84 pyyntöä, joista he ovat jättäneet vastaamatta vain muutaman. Vastausten sisällön tarkastelu osoittaa, että 36 % Lianderin ja 51% Bergmanin vastauksista kuuluu pääkategoriaan Enkla svar siinä merkityksessä, että niissä hyväksytään annetut ehdotukset, ei oteta kantaa, kerrotaan mielipide parhaasta vaihtoehdosta tai ei ole huomauttamista. Bergman hyväksyy annetut ehdotukset useammin kuin Liander. Sisällöltään kattavammissa pääkategoriassa Utvecklade svar molemmat asiantuntijat pohtivat vastauksissaan useimmiten kielenkäyttöä. Bergman ottaa useammin kantaa kieleen järjestelmänä ja Liander puolestaan kielenvälityksen aspekteihin eli esim. termivastineisiin.
Published: 2018

8. Organising terminology work in Sweden from the 1940s onwards

Author: Hans Landqvist, Niina Nissilä, and Nina Pilke
Subjects: 050101 languages & linguistics, Government, Vision, Folklore, Communication, 05 social sciences, Citizen journalism, Library and Information Sciences, Language and Linguistics, 030205 complementary & alternative medicine, Terminology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Work (electrical), Political science, Agency (sociology), 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Engineering ethics, Closure (psychology)
Abstract: The present study deals with organised terminology work in Sweden from the 1940s to the late 2010s. Using archive material, we describe how practical terminology work was carried out in Sweden during the period 1941–2018/2019, when the Swedish Centre for Technical Terminology/the Swedish Centre for Terminology (TNC) was the central actor. Thereafter, we discuss models for building a new infrastructure for terminology work after the closure of the TNC in 2018/2019. This discussion is based on interviews and analyses of articles and current reports. The study shows that multifaceted contacts with experts, academia, industry and society have played an essential role for terminology work in Sweden since the 1930s. In the current situation (2019), the activities are being reorganised and responsibility for terminology work is distributed between several actors. A new main actor is the government agency known as the Institute of Language and Folklore (Isof). Finally, we discuss future visions for terminology work in Sweden.
Published: 2021
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9. Intresse och engagemang: Kungliga Tekniska högskolans insatser inom ett svenskt terminologiskt nätverk 1941–1983

Author: Landqvist, Hans and Pilke, Nina
Subjects: Referentgranskade vetenskapliga artiklar
Abstract: In this paper, we study how KTH Royal Institute of Technology (Kungliga Tekniska högskolan – KTH) has participated in and influenced terminology work coordinated by the national terminology centre, the Swedish Centre for Technical Terminology – the TNC, in Sweden during the period 1941–1983. The aim of this paper is to shed light on the development of Swedish (technical) terminology based on networking and experts’ efforts. Based on archive material, we analyze who have been the active KTH experts, in what ways they were involved in the development processes and what effects their efforts had on the term recommendations given by the TNC. The archive material consists of written documents relating to the work process developed by John Wennerberg, who led the TNC between 1941 and 1957. The process was carried out in the form of 373 formal survey letters representing 17 subject fields, with both the TNC and external parties participating. Our results show that the 31 identified KTH experts play a visible role in the processes by 480 received survey letters within 14 subject fields. The response rate, 80 percent, reveal the experts’ involvement in the process and their high esteem of TNC’s work. The analysis of the comprehensive survey letter R198 shows that Wennerberg has considered the experts’ answers regarding terms (selection, linguistic form, acceptance/discourage) and definitions when he has published TNC’s recommendations. Our study shows that networking and experts representing the educational sector and furthermore universities have been an inseparable part of the development of Swedish (technical) terminology during several decades when the national terminology centre in Sweden began to operate and the working methods were established.
Published: 2021

10. Monimuotoisen saamelaisuuden heijastuksia

Author: Salo, Pilke and Valtanen, Annariina
Subjects: Kirjaesittelyt
Abstract: Rawdna Carita Eira, Irene Larsen, Hege Siri & Sigbjørn Skåden, Tuulisolmut. Valikoima saamelaista nykyrunoutta. Suom. Kaisa Ahvenjärvi. Poesia 2018. 113 s.
Published: 2020

11. 'On ollut pientä erimielisyyttä'

Author: Helena Pilke
Subjects: History (General) and history of Europe, History (General), D1-2009
Published: 2014

12. Defining Chlorophyll-a Reference Conditions in European Lakes

Author: Poikāne, Sandra, Alves, Maria Helena, Argillier, Christine, van den Berg, Marcel, Buzzi, Fabio, Hoehn, Eberhard, de Hoyos, Caridad, Karottki, Ivan, Laplace-Treyture, Christophe, Solheim, Anne Lyche, Ortiz-Casas, José, Ott, Ingmar, Phillips, Geoff, Pilke, Ansa, Pádua, João, Remec-Rekar, Spela, Riedmüller, Ursula, Schaumburg, Jochen, Serrano, Maria Luisa, Soszka, Hanna, Tierney, Deirdre, Urbanič, Gorazd, and Wolfram, Georg
Published: 2010
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13. Nutrir la afinidad por la naturaleza

Author: Joan Vila Coma, Raúl Candeias Pimenta, Dejan Putrle, Elina Pilke, Marie Corbino, Maria Teresa Guillaumes Vila, Alun Morgan, Anna Haukka, Mireia Vilalta Cubí, Xavier Bachero Pont, Matti Eskelinen, Raquel Heras Colàs, Maria Llover Colom, Sue Waite, Maria Salin, and Carme Ruset Font
Subjects: Political science, Educació ambiental, Environment and children, Environmental education, Natura, Estudi de la -- Mètodes actius, Nature study -- Activity programs, Medi ambient i infants, Humanities
Abstract: Heras Colàs, Raquel, editor literari The NANOL project, funded by EU funds, was created with the aim of encouraging outdoor activities and contact with nature of primary education schools in protected natural areas and has allowed the communication between educators from different backgrounds, basically from nature schools or environmental education centers, from primary education schools and from universities working in the initial and permanent training of teachers. The work has been contextualized in the reality of each partner (United Kingdom, France, Slovenia, Finland and Catalonia) and the individual needs have been respected. This publication collects the experiences that each partner has undertaken. They are all different, but equally interesting and complementary, as they support a positive trend to improve education through initiatives that promote contact between the immediate school environment and children that are active and involved in real world topics El proyecto NANOL, financiado con fondos de la UE, fue creado con el objetivo de fomentar las actividades al aire libre y el contacto con la naturaleza de las escuelas de la educación primaria en espacios naturales protegidos y ha acercado educadoras y educadores de diferentes ámbitos, básicamente de escuelas de naturaleza o centros de educación ambiental, de escuelas de educación primaria y de universidades que trabajan en la formación inicial y permanente del profesorado. El trabajo ha sido contextualizado en la realidad de cada socio (Reino Unido, Francia, Eslovenia, Finlandia y Cataluña) y se han respetado las diferentes necesidades. Lo que recogemos en esta publicación son las experiencias que cada socio ha llevado a cabo. Todas ellas son diferentes, pero igual de interesantes y complementarias, ya que se apoyan en la tendencia creciente de mejorar la educación a partir de iniciativas que fomentan el contacto con el entorno escolar próximo y un alumnado activo e implicado en temas reales del mundo en que vivimos El projecte NANOL, finançat amb fons de la UE, va ser creat amb l’objectiu de fomentar les activitats a l’aire lliure i el contacte amb la natura de les escoles de l’educació primària en espais naturals protegits i ha apropat educadores i educadors de diferents àmbits, bàsicament d’escoles de natura o centres d’educació ambiental, d’escoles d’educació primària i d’universitats que treballen en la formació inicial i permanent del professorat. El treball ha estat contextualitzat en la realitat de cada soci (Regne Unit, França, Eslovènia, Finlàndia i Catalunya) i s’han respectat les diferents necessitats. El que recollim en aquesta publicació són les experiències que cada soci ha dut a terme. Totes elles són diferents, però igual d’interessants i complementàries, ja que es recolzen en la tendència creixent de millorar l’educació a partir d’iniciatives que fomenten el contacte amb l’entorn escolar proper i un alumnat actiu i implicat en temes reals del món en què vivim Esta publicación se engloba en el proyecto “Nutrturing Affinity to Nature through Outdoor Learning in Special Places” - NANOL
Published: 2020
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14. Fomentar connexions amb la natura

Author: Raquel Heras Colàs, Maria Llover Colom, Anna Haukka, Mireia Vilalta Cubí, Carme Ruset Font, Maria Teresa Guillaumes Vila, Joan Vila Coma, Raúl Candeias Pimenta, Elina Pilke, Marie Corbino, Matti Eskelinen, Maria Salin, Sue Waite, Xavier Bachero Pont, Dejan Putrle, and Alun Morgan
Subjects: Political science, Educació ambiental, Environment and children, Environmental education, Natura, Estudi de la -- Mètodes actius, Nature study -- Activity programs, Medi ambient i infants, Humanities
Abstract: Heras Colàs, Raquel, editor literari The NANOL project, funded by EU funds, was created with the aim of encouraging outdoor activities and contact with nature of primary education schools in protected natural areas and has allowed the communication between educators from different backgrounds, basically from nature schools or environmental education centers, from primary education schools and from universities working in the initial and permanent training of teachers. The work has been contextualized in the reality of each partner (United Kingdom, France, Slovenia, Finland and Catalonia) and the individual needs have been respected. This publication collects the experiences that each partner has undertaken. They are all different, but equally interesting and complementary, as they support a positive trend to improve education through initiatives that promote contact between the immediate school environment and children that are active and involved in real world topics El projecte NANOL, finançat amb fons de la UE, va ser creat amb l’objectiu de fomentar les activitats a l’aire lliure i el contacte amb la natura de les escoles de l’educació primària en espais naturals protegits i ha apropat educadores i educadors de diferents àmbits, bàsicament d’escoles de natura o centres d’educació ambiental, d’escoles d’educació primària i d’universitats que treballen en la formació inicial i permanent del professorat. El treball ha estat contextualitzat en la realitat de cada soci (Regne Unit, França, Eslovènia, Finlàndia i Catalunya) i s’han respectat les diferents necessitats. El que recollim en aquesta publicació són les experiències que cada soci ha dut a terme. Totes elles són diferents, però igual d’interessants i complementàries, ja que es recolzen en la tendència creixent de millorar l’educació a partir d’iniciatives que fomenten el contacte amb l’entorn escolar proper i un alumnat actiu i implicat en temes reals del món en què vivim Aquesta publicació s'emmarca en el projecte “Nurturing Affinity to Nature through Outdoor Learning innSpecial Places” - NANOL
Published: 2020

15. Voiko historian professori vaikuttaa historian kulkuun?

Author: Helena Pilke
Subjects: History (General) and history of Europe, History (General), D1-2009
Published: 2011

16. Flow experiences in information technology use

Author: Pilke, E.M
Published: 2004
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17. Bedömargruppens rapport : Treklöverutvärdering kluster 11, Karlstads universitet

Author: Helgason, Jon, Forssberg, Anna, Johansson, Sven Anders, Pilke, Nina, Andersson, Lars Gustaf, Johansson, Britt-Inger, Ternhag, Gunnar, Wåhlin, Kristina, Ryberg, Sanna, Hallbäck, Filip, Holmberg Sjöling, Christian, Helgason, Jon, Forssberg, Anna, Johansson, Sven Anders, Pilke, Nina, Andersson, Lars Gustaf, Johansson, Britt-Inger, Ternhag, Gunnar, Wåhlin, Kristina, Ryberg, Sanna, Hallbäck, Filip, and Holmberg Sjöling, Christian
Published: 2019

18. ”Förslagsvis kunde en ren översättning av de tyska uttrycken användas” : Fackexperter, språkexperter och terminologiska frågor i Sverige 1941–1983

Author: Bendegard, Saga, Landqvist, Hans, Nissilä, Niina, Pilke, Nina, Bendegard, Saga, Landqvist, Hans, Nissilä, Niina, and Pilke, Nina
Published: 2019

19. Tammerfors som svensk språkö:en etnografisk studie av språkpolicy som praktiker, processer och val i svenska rum i det inre av Finland

Author: Rossi, P. (Paula), Pilke, N. (Nina), Niemi, H. (Hannu), Kingelin-Orrenmaa, Z. (Zea), Rossi, P. (Paula), Pilke, N. (Nina), Niemi, H. (Hannu), and Kingelin-Orrenmaa, Z. (Zea)
Abstract: In my thesis, I have studied Tampere as a Swedish language island from a sociolinguistic perspective with Bernard Spolsky’s approach to language sociology as the theoretical framework. By language policy I mean language planning efforts and various forms of both conscious and unconscious linguistic practices which become visible as practices in everyday life on different levels of society. Of all the approximately twenty Swedish clubs, associations and institutions in Tampere, I have focused on two important spaces, namely the institutions Svenska samskolan i Tammerfors (the Swedish school) and Tammerfors svenska församling (the Swedish congregation). The aim of the study is to find out what kinds of practices, processes and choices are negotiated in these language island communities. I examine the communities both on an institutional and an individual level. My goal is to describe the kind of a language policy the institutions and individuals create and apply in their daily activities. The study is descriptive and aims to illustrate the sociocultural reality of the Swedish language on both the macro and micro levels in a Finnish-speaking majority context. In the study, I have applied triangulation on the levels of both method and material. I have used various types of data such as questionnaires, field notes, documents, written works, webpages and thematic interviews due to the varying types of the institutions and focus groups. The different materials studied required the application of both quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis. In the case of open questions and thematic interviews I have applied content analysis, leading to a process of abstraction. The results of the study show that the Swedish institutions Svenska samskolan i Tammerfors and Tammerfors svenska församling have over the course of time gone through a change in language policy. This has led to the application of varied linguistic practices in everyday life. Characteristic for th, Tiivistelmä Väitöskirjassani olen tutkinut Tamperetta ruotsalaisena kielisaarekkeena kielisosiologisesta perspektiivistä käyttämällä teoreettisena viitekehyksenä Bernard Spolskyn kolmea kielipoliittista komponenttia. Kielipolitiikalla tarkoitan tietoisia kielen suunnitteluun liittyviä panostuksia sekä erilaisia tietoisia ja tiedostamattomia kielellisiä toimintoja, jotka näyttäytyvät erilaisina arjen käytäntöinä yhteiskunnan eri tasoilla. Runsaasta kahdestakymmenestä ruotsinkielisestä kerhosta, yhdistyksestä ja instituutiosta olen tarkastellut kahta merkittävää ruotsinkielistä tilaa, nimittäin Tampereen ruotsalaista koulua (Svenska samskolan i Tammerfors) ja Tampereen ruotsalaista seurakuntaa (Tammerfors svenska församling). Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on selvittää, millaisia kielellisiä käytänteitä, prosesseja ja valintoja näissä kielisaarekeyhteisöissä muodostuu. Tarkastelen yhteisöjä instituution ja yksilön tasolla. Kiinnostukseni kohteena on se, millaista kielipolitiikkaa sekä instituutiot että yksilöt luovat ja soveltavat päivittäisessä toiminnassaan. Tutkimus on deskriptiivinen ja sen tarkoituksena on kuvailla ruotsinkielistä sosiokulttuurista todellisuutta makro- ja mikrotasolla suomenkielisessä enemmistökontekstissa. Olen soveltanut tutkimuksessa sekä menetelmä- että aineistotriangulaatiota. Tutkimuskohteiden erilaisuudesta johtuen olen käyttänyt tutkimusaineistoina kyselylomakkeita, kenttämuistiinpanoja, asiakirjoja, kirjallisia teoksia, verkkosivuja ja teemahaastatteluja. Aineistot edellyttivät sekä kvantitatiivisten että kvalitatiivisten analyysimenetelmien käyttöä. Avoimiin kysymyksiin sekä teemahaastatteluihin olen soveltanut sisällönanalyysiä ja abstrahointia. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat, että ruotsalaiset instituutiot Svenska samskolan i Tammerfors ja Tammerfors svenska församling ovat kielipolitiikan näkökulmasta tarkasteltuina muuttuneet aikojen saatossa. Tämä on johtanut vaihteleviin kielellisiin käytänteihin, joita arjessa sovelletaan. Kielitietoisuu, Abstrakt I denna avhandling har jag granskat Tammerfors som svensk språkö i ett språksociologiskt perspektiv enligt Bernard Spolskys tre komponenter av språkpolicy som teoretisk referensram. Med språkpolicy avser jag medvetna språkplaneringsinsatser och olika former av både medvetna och omedvetna språkliga handlingar som avtecknas som praktiker i vardagen på olika nivåer i samhället. Av de ett drygt tjugotal svenska klubbar, föreningar och institutioner har jag lagt fokus på två betydande svenska rum, nämligen institutionerna Svenska samskolan i Tammerfors och Tammerfors svenska församling. Mitt syfte är att utreda vad som är kännetecknande för de språkliga praktiker, processer och val som konstrueras i dessa språkögemenskaper. Dels studerar jag gemenskaperna som institutioner och dels individerna. Jag är intresserad av hurdan språkpolicy institutionerna och individerna skapar och tillämpar i sin dagliga verksamhet. Forskningen är deskriptiv och syftar således till att beskriva den sociokulturella verkligheten gällande svenska språket på makro- och mikronivå i en finskspråkig majoritetskontext. I undersökningen har jag tillämpat både metod- och materialtriangulering. På grund av institutionernas och fokusgruppernas olika karaktär har jag använt mig av olika delmaterial som frågeformulär, fältanteckningar, handlingar, skriftliga verk, webbsidor och temaintervjuer. Det varierande materialet gav upphov till tillämpning av både kvantitativa och kvalitativa analysmetoder. På de öppna frågorna har jag tillämpat innehållsanalys som jag också använt i analysen av temaintervjuerna där jag tillämpat abstrahering. Undersökningsresultaten visar att de svenska institutionerna, Svenska samskolan i Tammerfors och Tammerfors svenska församling har förändrats genom tiderna i fråga om språkpolicy som lett till varierande språkliga praktiker som tillämpas i verksamheten. Svenska samskolans språkpolicy på 2010-talet präglas av språkmedvetenhet och öppenhet. Kännetecknande för båda inst
Published: 2019

20. Bedömargruppens rapport : Treklöverutvärdering kluster 11, Mittuniversitetet

Author: Helgason, Jon, Forssberg, Anna, Johansson, Sven Anders, Pilke, Nina, Andersson, Lars Gustaf, Johansson, Britt-Inger, Ternhag, Gunnar, Wåhlin, Kristina, Ryberg, Sanna, Hallbäck, Filip, Holmberg Sjöling, Christian, Helgason, Jon, Forssberg, Anna, Johansson, Sven Anders, Pilke, Nina, Andersson, Lars Gustaf, Johansson, Britt-Inger, Ternhag, Gunnar, Wåhlin, Kristina, Ryberg, Sanna, Hallbäck, Filip, and Holmberg Sjöling, Christian
Published: 2019

21. Bedömargruppens rapport : Treklöverutvärdering kluster 11, Linnéuniversitetet

Author: Helgason, Jon, Forssberg, Anna, Johansson, Sven Anders, Pilke, Nina, Andersson, Lars Gustaf, Johansson, Britt-Inger, Ternhag, Gunnar, Wåhlin, Kristina, Ryberg, Sanna, Hallbäck, Filip, Holmberg Sjöling, Christian, Helgason, Jon, Forssberg, Anna, Johansson, Sven Anders, Pilke, Nina, Andersson, Lars Gustaf, Johansson, Britt-Inger, Ternhag, Gunnar, Wåhlin, Kristina, Ryberg, Sanna, Hallbäck, Filip, and Holmberg Sjöling, Christian
Published: 2019

22. Tvåspråkig mötespraxis inom kommunalpolitiken. 'Det är fantastiskt att vi kan använda vårt eget modersmål och att vi förstår varandra'

Author: Pilke, Nina and Vik, Gun-Viol
Subjects: Artikkelit
Published: 2017

23. Svenskans beskrivning 35. Förhandlingar vid trettiofemte sammankomsten. Göteborg 11–13 maj 2016

Author: Golden, Anne, Malmgren, Sven-Göran, Agebjörn, Anders, Bergh, Gunnar, Ohlander, Sölve, Bylin, Maria, Ekberg, Lena, Östman, Jan-Ola, Karlsson, Susanna, Lind Palicki, Lena, Kolu, Jaana, Kosunen, Riitta, Lahtinen, Sinikka, Toropainen, Outi, Leinonen, Therese, Lindgren, Josefin, Lindström, Jan, Wide, Camilla, Löfdahl, Maria, Tingsell, Sofia, Wenner, Lena, Malmberg, Anja, Sörlin, Marie, Melander Marttala, Ulla, Mattsson, Elisabet, Nilsson, Jenny, Norrby, Catrin, Nissilä, Niina, Pilke, Nina, Nord, Andreas, Palviainen, Åsa, Sopanen, Pauliina, Randahl, Ann-Christin, Rehnberg, Hanna Sofia, Sahlstein, Annmari, Sköldberg, Emma, Hannesdóttir, Anna Helga, Vaakanainen, Veijo, Valdeson, Fredrik, Volodina, Elena, Borin, Lars, Pilán, Ildikó, François, Thomas, Tack, Anaïs, Wengelin, Åsa, Bengtsson, Lisa, Torrance, Mark, Sköldberg, Emma, Andréasson, Maia, Adamsson Eryd, Henrietta, Lindahl, Filippa, Prentice, Julia, Lindström, Sven, and Sandberg, Malin
Abstract: Sedan 1963 har det vid olika universitet i Sverige och Finland regelbundet arrangerats sammankomster för svenskans beskrivning. Forskningsprojekt och forskningsresultat om svenska språket har presenterats och diskuterats. Den trettiofemte sammankomsten ägde rum den 11–13 maj 2016 i Göteborg och samlade ca 160 deltagare. Konferensen anordnades av Institutionen för svenska språket vid Göteborgs universitet. Det övergripande temat för sammankomsten var Ord och detta belystes i 68 presentationer – plenarföredrag, sektionsföredrag, posterpresentationer och workshoppar. I denna volym finns två av plenarföredragen och 26 av de övriga presentationerna publicerade.
Published: 2017

24. Bilingual formal meeting as a context of translatoriality

Author: Kaisa Koskinen, Merja Koskela, Nina Pilke, Viestintätieteiden tiedekunta - Faculty of Communication Sciences, and University of Tampere
Subjects: 060201 languages & linguistics, Linguistics and Language, Communication, translatoriality, 05 social sciences, Kielitieteet - Languages, bilingual meeting, Context (language use), Muut humanistiset tieteet - Other humanities, 06 humanities and the arts, language practices, paraprofessional translation, Language and Linguistics, Linguistics, Action (philosophy), translatorial action, 0602 languages and literature, 0502 economics and business, Source text, Sociology, ta518, 050203 business & management
Abstract: Drawing on the concept of translatorial action by Justa Holz-Mänttäri, this article sets out to analyse the role of translation in a bilingual formal meeting without any professional translation or interpreting. The analysis reveals the central role of translatorial activities: 60% of the turns include some kind of translatoriality. The chair and expert speakers stand out as producers for most of the translations. Self-translation is the most prominent form of translation, but otherwise the translator role tends to vary dynamically with the role of the source text producer. Three types of translatorial action with varying degrees of replication of content were found: duplicating, summarizing, and expanding. In the meeting context, translatorial action is the primary means of enabling participation for all, regardless of language skills or language background, and this action was used by the participants in flexible and dynamic ways.
Published: 2017

25. From Slow Repetition to Awkward Omission: Economic, Efficient, and Precise Language Use in Bilingual Formal Meetings

Author: Merja Koskela and Nina Pilke
Subjects: 060201 languages & linguistics, Linguistics and Language, Goal orientation, Repetition (rhetorical device), Communication, Professional communication, 06 humanities and the arts, Language and Linguistics, Linguistics, 0602 languages and literature, Finno-Ugric languages, Statistical analysis, Sociology, Neuroscience of multilingualism, Business communication, Qualitative research
Abstract: This article explores how linguistic resources from two local languages, Finnish and Swedish, are used in expert presentations in bilingual formal meetings and how they function with respect to the three ideal criteria of professional communication: economy, efficiency, and precision. Based on the results, the article suggests a typology of bilingual action for bilingual formal meetings. While economic language use has to do with the time used for getting something done, efficiency, covers relevant, concise, and focused language use and precision is connected with ways of presenting a full depiction of the issues discussed. The typology suggests six types of bilingual action that interact closely depending on the context. The findings underline the importance of documentation and open discussion of organization-level practices in guiding bilingual action as an intentional and goal-oriented practice in professional contexts. The typology of bilingual action suggested in this article can be used when introducing the practices of bilingual meetings to new participants.
Published: 2016
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26. Maakunnassa maakunnan tavalla : kaksikieliset kokoukset luottamushenkilöiden arjessa

Author: Pilke, Nina and Vik-Tuovinen, Gun-Viol
Subjects: Artikkelit
Published: 2012

27. Defining Chlorophyll-a Reference Conditions in European Lakes

Author: Spela Remec-Rekar, Fabio Buzzi, Deirdre Tierney, Ivan Karottki, Maria Helena Alves, Christine Argillier, Gorazd Urbanič, Ingmar Ott, Marcel S. van den Berg, Jochen Schaumburg, José Ortiz-Casas, Anne Lyche Solheim, Ansa Pilke, Eberhard Hoehn, João Pádua, Ursula Riedmüller, Georg Wolfram, Sandra Poikāne, Christophe Laplace-Treyture, Maria Luisa Serrano, Geoff Phillips, Caridad de Hoyos, Hanna Soszka, European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), WATER NATIONAL INSTITUTE LISBON PRT, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrobiologie (UR HYAX), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), CENTRE FOR WATER MANAGEMENT ZLELYSTAD NLD, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY OF LOMBARDY ITA, OGGIONO ITA, LBH FREIBURG DEU, CENTRE FOR HYDROGRAPHIC STUDIES MADRID ESP, MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT COPENHAGEN DNK, Réseaux épuration et qualité des eaux (UR REBX), Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT MADRID ESP, IAES INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES OF ESTONIAN UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES TARTU EST, ENVIRONMENT AGENCY READING GBR, SYKE FINNISH ENVIRONMENT INSTITUTE HELSINKI FIN, ENVIRONMENTAL AGENCY BLED SVN, BNO TITISEE-NEUSTADT DEU, BAVARIAN ENVIRONMENT AGENCY WIELENBACH DEU, INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION WARSAW POL, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY DUBLIN IRL, and UNI LJ UNIVERSITY LJUBLJANA SVN
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Chlorophyll, Limnology, Fresh Water, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Article, Water Framework Directive, Reference Values, Water assessment, Environmental monitoring, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Biomass (ecology), Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Empirical modelling, 15. Life on land, Eutrophication, Pollution, 6. Clean water, Europe, Lakes, International waters, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Phytoplankton, Environmental science, Reference condition, Water quality, Physical geography, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: The concept of ¿reference conditions¿ describes the benchmark against which current conditions are compared when assessing the status of water bodies. In this paper we focus on the establishment of reference conditions for European lakes according to a phytoplankton biomass indicator - the concentration of chlorophyll-a. A mostly spatial approach (selection of existing lakes with no or minor human impact) was used to set the reference conditions for chlorophyll-a values, supplemented by historical data, paleolimnological investigations and modelling. The work resulted in definition of reference conditions and the boundary between ¿high¿ and ¿good¿ status for 15 main lake types and five ecoregions of Europe: Alpine, Atlantic, Central/Baltic, Mediterranean, and Northern. Additionally, empirical models were developed for estimating site-specific reference chlorophyll-a concentrations from a set of potential predictor variables. The results were recently formulated into the EU legislation, marking the first attempt in international water policy to move from chemical quality standards to ecological quality targets., JRC.H.1-Water Resources
Published: 2010
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28. Luonnollinen kääntäminen, kielenvälitys, ad hoc -tulkkaus? Terminologinen näkökulma käännöstieteen reuna-alueille

Author: Pilke, Nina, Kolehmainen, Leena, and Penttilä, Esa
Subjects: Johdanto, kääntäminen, ei-ammatillinen kääntäminen, luonnollinen kääntäminen, tulkkaus
Published: 2015

29. Effect of atorvastatin in elderly patients with a recent stroke or transient ischemic attack

Author: Chaturvedi, S, Zivin, J, Breazna, A, Amarenco, P, Callahan, A, Goldstein, L, Hennerici, M, Sillesen, H, Rudolph, A, Welch, M, Sparcl, I, Crimmins, D, Davis, S, Dimmitt, S, Donnan, G, Frayne, J, Freilich, D, Zagami, A, Mikocki, J, Schmidauer, C, Schmidt, R, De Bleecker, J, Deceuninck, F, Tack, P, Thijs, V, Gomes Fernandes, J, Beaudry, M, Cote, R, Hoyte, K, Lebrun, L, Mackey, A, Sahlas, D, Selchen, D, Shuaib, A, Spence, J, Teal, P, Winger, M, Matamala, G, Cifkova, R, Kalita, Z, Rektor, I, Rosolova, H, Stipal, R, Vaclavik, D, Boysen, G, Klingenberg, H, Iversen, Hillbom, M, Kaste, M, Numminen, H, Pilke, A, Salmivaara, A, Sivenius, J, Alamowitch, S, Boulliat, J, De Broucker, T, Chollet, F, Mahagne, M, Milandre, L, Moulin, T, Bogdahn, U, Diener, H, Dichgans, M, Glahn, J, Haberl, R, Harms, L, Knecht, S, Kroczek, G, Lichy, C, Sander, D, Schneider, D, Kazis, A, Karageorgiou, C, Milonas, I, Stathis, P, Vogiatzoglou, D, Bornstein, N, Honigman, S, Lampl, Y, Streifler, J, Capurso, A, Comi, G, Ferrarese, C, Gandolfo, C, Poloni, M, Senin, U, Rangel Guerra, R, Boon, A, De Keyser, J, De Kort, P, Haas, J, Kamphuis, D, Koudstaal, P, Anderson, N, Scott, R, Singh, G, Czlonkowska, A, Drozdowski, W, Gralewski, Z, Kozubski, W, Kuczynska Zardzewialy, A, Podemski, R, Stelmasiak, Z, Szczudlik, A, Da Costa Correia, C, Ferro, J, Salgueiro e., C, Lietava, J, Raslova, K, Carr, J, Gardiner, J, Kruger, A, Alvarez Sabin, J, Chamorro, A, Diez Tejedor, E, Fernández, O, Trejo Gabriel y., G, González Marcos, J, Egido Herrero, J, Jiménez Martínez, M, Lago Martin, A, Mostacero Miguel, E, Vivancos Mora, J, Moltó, J, Viguera Romero, J, Cuartero Rodriguez, E, Rodriguez, F, Serena, J, Laska, A, Leijd, B, Strand, T, Terent, A, Waegner, A, Wallén, T, Baumgartner, R, Bogousslavsky, J, Hungerbühler, H, Lyrer, P, Mattle, H, Bath, P, Ekpo, E, Freeman, A, Lees, K, Macleod, M, Macwalter, R, Sharma, A, Shetty, H, Albers, G, Altafullah, I, Benavente, O, Book, D, Broderick, J, Callahan A., 3, Calder, C, Carlini, W, Chippendale, T, Clark, W, Coull, B, Davis, P, Devlin, T, Dick, A, Dooneief, G, Duff, R, Estronza, N, Forteza, A, Frankel, M, Frey, J, Friday, G, Graham, G, Goldstein, J, Hammer, M, Harris, J, Harper, W, Hendin, B, Hendin, D, Hinton, R, Hollander, J, Hughes, R, Kasner, S, Kent, T, Kim, L, Kirshner, H, Lamonte, M, Ledbetter, L, Lee Kwen, P, Levin, K, Libman, R, Matlock, J, Mcdowell, P, McGee F., J, Meyer, B, Minagar, A, Moussouttas, M, Munson, R, Nash, M, Nassief, A, Orr, S, Ratinov, G, Salanga, V, Silliman, S, Singer, R, Smith, D, Sullivan, H, Tietjen, G, Thaler, D, Tuchman, M, Uskavitch, D, Verro, P, Vicari, R, Weinstein, R, Wilterdink, J, Zweifler, R, De Bastos, M, Goldstein, LB, Welch, MA, SPARCL Investigators, Crimmins D, Davis S, Dimmitt S, Donnan G, Frayne J, Freilich D, Zagami A, Mikocki J, Schmidauer C, Schmidt R, De Bleecker J, Deceuninck F, Tack P, Thijs V, Gomes Fernandes J, Beaudry M, Cote R, Hoyte K, Lebrun LH, Mackey A, Sahlas D, Selchen D, Shuaib A, Spence JD, Teal P, Winger M, Matamala G, Cifkova R, Kalita Z, Rektor I, Rosolova H, Stipal R, Vaclavik D, Boysen G, Klingenberg H, Sillesen H, Hillbom M, Kaste M, Numminen H, Pilke A, Salmivaara A, Sivenius J, Alamowitch S, Amarenco P, Boulliat J, De Broucker T, Chollet F, Mahagne MH, Milandre L, Moulin T, Bogdahn U, Diener HC, Dichgans M, Glahn J, Haberl R, Harms L, Hennerici MG, Knecht S, Kroczek G, Lichy C, Sander D, Schneider D, Kazis A, Karageorgiou C, Milonas I, Stathis P, Vogiatzoglou D, Bornstein N, Honigman S, Lampl Y, Streifler J, Capurso A, Comi G, Gandolfo C, Poloni M, Senin U, Rangel Guerra R, Boon AM, De Keyser JH, De Kort PL, Haas JA, Kamphuis DJ, Koudstaal PJ, Anderson N, Scott R, Singh G, Czlonkowska A, Drozdowski W, Gralewski Z, Kozubski W, Kuczynska Zardzewialy A, Podemski R, Stelmasiak Z, Szczudlik A, Da Costa Correia C, Ferro J, Salgueiro e. Cunha L, Lietava J, Raslova K, Carr J, Gardiner J, Kruger A, Alvarez Sabin J, Chamorro A, Diez Tejedor E, Fernández O, Trejo Gabriel y. Galán J, González Marcos J, Egido Herrero J, Jiménez Martínez M, Lago Martin A, Mostacero Miguel E, Vivancos Mora J, Moltó J, Viguera Romero J, Cuartero Rodriguez E, Rodriguez F, Serena J, Laska AC, Leijd B, Strand T, Terent A, Waegner A, Wallén T, Baumgartner R, Bogousslavsky J, Hungerbühler H, Lyrer P, Mattle H, Bath PM, Ekpo EB, Freeman A, Lees KR, MacLeod MJ, MacWalter RS, Sharma AK, Shetty HG, Albers G, Altafullah I, Benavente O, Book D, Broderick J, Callahan A. 3rd, Calder C, Carlini W, Chaturvedi S, Chippendale T, Clark W, Coull B, Davis P, Devlin T, Dick A, Dooneief G, Duff R, Estronza N, Forteza A, Frankel M, Frey J, Friday G, Graham G, Goldstein J, Hammer M, Harris J, Harper W, Hendin B, Hendin D, Hinton R, Hollander J, Hughes R, Kasner S, Kent T, Kim L, Kirshner H, LaMonte M, Ledbetter L, Lee Kwen P, Levin K, Libman R, Matlock J, McDowell P, McGee F. Jr, Meyer B, Minagar A, Moussouttas M, Munson R, Nash M, Nassief A, Orr S, Ratinov G, Salanga V, Silliman S, Singer R, Smith D, Sullivan H, Tietjen G, Thaler D, Tuchman M, Uskavitch D, Verro P, Vicari R, Weinstein R, Wilterdink J, Zweifler R, De Bastos M., FERRARESE, CARLO, Chaturvedi, S, Zivin, J, Breazna, A, Amarenco, P, Callahan, A, Goldstein, L, Hennerici, M, Sillesen, H, Rudolph, A, Welch, M, Sparcl, I, Crimmins, D, Davis, S, Dimmitt, S, Donnan, G, Frayne, J, Freilich, D, Zagami, A, Mikocki, J, Schmidauer, C, Schmidt, R, De Bleecker, J, Deceuninck, F, Tack, P, Thijs, V, Gomes Fernandes, J, Beaudry, M, Cote, R, Hoyte, K, Lebrun, L, Mackey, A, Sahlas, D, Selchen, D, Shuaib, A, Spence, J, Teal, P, Winger, M, Matamala, G, Cifkova, R, Kalita, Z, Rektor, I, Rosolova, H, Stipal, R, Vaclavik, D, Boysen, G, Klingenberg, H, Iversen, Hillbom, M, Kaste, M, Numminen, H, Pilke, A, Salmivaara, A, Sivenius, J, Alamowitch, S, Boulliat, J, De Broucker, T, Chollet, F, Mahagne, M, Milandre, L, Moulin, T, Bogdahn, U, Diener, H, Dichgans, M, Glahn, J, Haberl, R, Harms, L, Knecht, S, Kroczek, G, Lichy, C, Sander, D, Schneider, D, Kazis, A, Karageorgiou, C, Milonas, I, Stathis, P, Vogiatzoglou, D, Bornstein, N, Honigman, S, Lampl, Y, Streifler, J, Capurso, A, Comi, G, Ferrarese, C, Gandolfo, C, Poloni, M, Senin, U, Rangel Guerra, R, Boon, A, De Keyser, J, De Kort, P, Haas, J, Kamphuis, D, Koudstaal, P, Anderson, N, Scott, R, Singh, G, Czlonkowska, A, Drozdowski, W, Gralewski, Z, Kozubski, W, Kuczynska Zardzewialy, A, Podemski, R, Stelmasiak, Z, Szczudlik, A, Da Costa Correia, C, Ferro, J, Salgueiro e., C, Lietava, J, Raslova, K, Carr, J, Gardiner, J, Kruger, A, Alvarez Sabin, J, Chamorro, A, Diez Tejedor, E, Fernández, O, Trejo Gabriel y., G, González Marcos, J, Egido Herrero, J, Jiménez Martínez, M, Lago Martin, A, Mostacero Miguel, E, Vivancos Mora, J, Moltó, J, Viguera Romero, J, Cuartero Rodriguez, E, Rodriguez, F, Serena, J, Laska, A, Leijd, B, Strand, T, Terent, A, Waegner, A, Wallén, T, Baumgartner, R, Bogousslavsky, J, Hungerbühler, H, Lyrer, P, Mattle, H, Bath, P, Ekpo, E, Freeman, A, Lees, K, Macleod, M, Macwalter, R, Sharma, A, Shetty, H, Albers, G, Altafullah, I, Benavente, O, Book, D, Broderick, J, Callahan A., 3, Calder, C, Carlini, W, Chippendale, T, Clark, W, Coull, B, Davis, P, Devlin, T, Dick, A, Dooneief, G, Duff, R, Estronza, N, Forteza, A, Frankel, M, Frey, J, Friday, G, Graham, G, Goldstein, J, Hammer, M, Harris, J, Harper, W, Hendin, B, Hendin, D, Hinton, R, Hollander, J, Hughes, R, Kasner, S, Kent, T, Kim, L, Kirshner, H, Lamonte, M, Ledbetter, L, Lee Kwen, P, Levin, K, Libman, R, Matlock, J, Mcdowell, P, McGee F., J, Meyer, B, Minagar, A, Moussouttas, M, Munson, R, Nash, M, Nassief, A, Orr, S, Ratinov, G, Salanga, V, Silliman, S, Singer, R, Smith, D, Sullivan, H, Tietjen, G, Thaler, D, Tuchman, M, Uskavitch, D, Verro, P, Vicari, R, Weinstein, R, Wilterdink, J, Zweifler, R, De Bastos, M, Goldstein, LB, Welch, MA, SPARCL Investigators, Crimmins D, Davis S, Dimmitt S, Donnan G, Frayne J, Freilich D, Zagami A, Mikocki J, Schmidauer C, Schmidt R, De Bleecker J, Deceuninck F, Tack P, Thijs V, Gomes Fernandes J, Beaudry M, Cote R, Hoyte K, Lebrun LH, Mackey A, Sahlas D, Selchen D, Shuaib A, Spence JD, Teal P, Winger M, Matamala G, Cifkova R, Kalita Z, Rektor I, Rosolova H, Stipal R, Vaclavik D, Boysen G, Klingenberg H, Sillesen H, Hillbom M, Kaste M, Numminen H, Pilke A, Salmivaara A, Sivenius J, Alamowitch S, Amarenco P, Boulliat J, De Broucker T, Chollet F, Mahagne MH, Milandre L, Moulin T, Bogdahn U, Diener HC, Dichgans M, Glahn J, Haberl R, Harms L, Hennerici MG, Knecht S, Kroczek G, Lichy C, Sander D, Schneider D, Kazis A, Karageorgiou C, Milonas I, Stathis P, Vogiatzoglou D, Bornstein N, Honigman S, Lampl Y, Streifler J, Capurso A, Comi G, Gandolfo C, Poloni M, Senin U, Rangel Guerra R, Boon AM, De Keyser JH, De Kort PL, Haas JA, Kamphuis DJ, Koudstaal PJ, Anderson N, Scott R, Singh G, Czlonkowska A, Drozdowski W, Gralewski Z, Kozubski W, Kuczynska Zardzewialy A, Podemski R, Stelmasiak Z, Szczudlik A, Da Costa Correia C, Ferro J, Salgueiro e. Cunha L, Lietava J, Raslova K, Carr J, Gardiner J, Kruger A, Alvarez Sabin J, Chamorro A, Diez Tejedor E, Fernández O, Trejo Gabriel y. Galán J, González Marcos J, Egido Herrero J, Jiménez Martínez M, Lago Martin A, Mostacero Miguel E, Vivancos Mora J, Moltó J, Viguera Romero J, Cuartero Rodriguez E, Rodriguez F, Serena J, Laska AC, Leijd B, Strand T, Terent A, Waegner A, Wallén T, Baumgartner R, Bogousslavsky J, Hungerbühler H, Lyrer P, Mattle H, Bath PM, Ekpo EB, Freeman A, Lees KR, MacLeod MJ, MacWalter RS, Sharma AK, Shetty HG, Albers G, Altafullah I, Benavente O, Book D, Broderick J, Callahan A. 3rd, Calder C, Carlini W, Chaturvedi S, Chippendale T, Clark W, Coull B, Davis P, Devlin T, Dick A, Dooneief G, Duff R, Estronza N, Forteza A, Frankel M, Frey J, Friday G, Graham G, Goldstein J, Hammer M, Harris J, Harper W, Hendin B, Hendin D, Hinton R, Hollander J, Hughes R, Kasner S, Kent T, Kim L, Kirshner H, LaMonte M, Ledbetter L, Lee Kwen P, Levin K, Libman R, Matlock J, McDowell P, McGee F. Jr, Meyer B, Minagar A, Moussouttas M, Munson R, Nash M, Nassief A, Orr S, Ratinov G, Salanga V, Silliman S, Singer R, Smith D, Sullivan H, Tietjen G, Thaler D, Tuchman M, Uskavitch D, Verro P, Vicari R, Weinstein R, Wilterdink J, Zweifler R, De Bastos M., and FERRARESE, CARLO
Abstract: BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether patients age 65 years and over with a recent stroke or TIA benefit from statin treatment to a similar degree as younger patients. METHODS: The 4,731 patient cohort in the SPARCL study was divided into an elderly group (65 and over) and a younger group. The primary endpoint (fatal or nonfatal stroke) and secondary endpoints were analyzed, with calculation of the hazard ratio (HR) and p values from a Cox regression model. RESULTS: There were 2,249 patients in the elderly group and 2,482 in the younger group. The baseline LDL (133 mg/dL) and total cholesterol were comparable in the two groups. The elderly and younger groups had a 61.4 mg/dL and 58.7 mg/dL decrease in mean LDL during the trial. The primary endpoint was reduced by 26% in younger patients (HR 0.74, 0.57-0.96, p = 0.02) and by 10% in elderly subjects (HR 0.90, 0.73-1.11, p = 0.33). A test of heterogeneity for a treatment-age interaction was not significant (p = 0.52). The risk of stroke or TIA (HR 0.79, p = 0.01), major coronary events (HR 0.68, p = 0.035), any coronary heart disease event (HR 0.61, p = 0.0006), and revascularization procedures (HR 0.55, p = 0.0005) was reduced in the elderly group. CONCLUSIONS: There was no heterogeneity in the stroke reduction seen with atorvastatin in the elderly and younger groups. Cardiac events and revascularization procedures were also lower in both the elderly and younger subgroups treated with atorvastatin. These results support the use of atorvastatin in elderly patients with recent stroke or TIA.
Published: 2009

30. Relative effects of statin therapy on stroke and cardiovascular events in men and women: Secondary analysis of the stroke prevention by aggressive reduction in cholesterol levels (SPARCL) study

Author: Goldstein, L, Amarenco, P, Lamonte, M, Gilbert, S, Messig, M, Callahan, A, Hennerici, M, Sillesen, H, Welch, K, Sparcl, I, Bogousslavsky, J, Zivin, J, Clark, W, Dávalos, A, Kaste, M, Leiter, L, Altafullah, I, Graham, G, Glahn, J, Jiménez Hernández, D, Macwalter, R, Scott, R, Shuaib, A, Sivenius, J, Stipal, R, Hart, R, Marsh, J, Norrving, B, Pocock, S, Sacco, R, Easton, J, Brown, M, Nagy, Z, Whisnant, J, O'Neill, B, Kleber, F, Lablanche, J, Welty, F, Crimmins, D, Davis, S, Dimmitt, S, Donnan, G, Frayne, J, Freilich, D, Zagami, A, Mikocki, J, Schmidauer, C, Schmidt, R, De Bleecker, J, Deceuninck, F, Tack, P, Thijs, V, Gomes Fernandes, J, Beaudry, M, Cote, R, Hoyte, K, Lebrun, L, Mackey, A, Sahlas, D, Selchen, D, Spence, J, Teal, P, Winger, M, Matamala, G, Cifkova, R, Kalita, Z, Rektor, I, Rosolova, H, Vaclavik, D, Boysen, G, Klingenberg, H, Hillbom, M, Numminen, H, Pilke, A, Salmivaara, A, Alamowitch, S, Boulliat, J, De Broucker, T, Chollet, F, Mahagne, M, Milandre, L, Moulin, T, Milonas, I, Stathis, P, Vogiatzoglou, D, Bornstein, N, Honigman, S, Lampl, Y, Streifler, J, Capurso, A, Comi, G, Ferrarese, C, Gandolfo, C, Poloni, M, Senin, U, Rangel Guerra, R, Boon, A, De Keyser, J, De Kort, P, Haas, J, Kamphuis, D, Koudstaal, P, Anderson, N, Singh, G, Czlonkowska, A, Drozdowski, W, Gralewski, Z, Kozubski, W, Kuczynska Zardzewialy, A, Podemski, R, Stelmasiak, Z, Szczudlik, A, Da Costa Correia, C, Ferro, J, Salgueiro e., C, Lietava, J, Raslova, K, Carr, J, Gardiner, J, Kruger, A, Alvarez Sabin, J, Chamorro, A, Diez Tejedor, E, Fernández, O, Trejo Gabriel y., G, González Marcos, J, Egido Herrero, J, Jiménez Martínez, M, Lago Martin, A, Mostacero Miguel, E, Vivancos Mora, J, Moltó, J, Viguera Romero, J, Cuartero Rodriguez, E, Rubio, F, Serena, J, Laska, A, Leijd, B, Strand, T, Terent, A, Waegner, A, Wallén, T, Baumgartner, R, Hungerbühler, H, Lyrer, P, Mattle, H, Bath, P, Ekpo, E, Freeman, A, Lees, K, Macleod, M, Sharma, A, Shetty, H, Albers, G, Benavente, O, Book, D, Broderick, J, Calder, C, Carlini, W, Chaturvedi, S, Chippendale, T, Coull, B, Davis, P, Devlin, T, Dick, A, Dooneief, G, Duff, R, Estronza, N, Forteza, A, Frankel, M, Frey, J, Friday, G, Goldstein, J, Hammer, M, Harris, J, Harper, W, Hendin, B, Hess, D, Hinton, R, Hollander, J, Hughes, R, Kasner, S, Kent, T, Kim, L, Kirshner, H, Ledbetter, L, Lee Kwen, P, Levin, K, Libman, R, Matlock, J, Mcdowell, P, McGee F., J, Meyer, B, Minagar, A, Moussouttas, M, Munson, R, Nash, M, Nassief, A, Orr, S, Ratinov, G, Salanga, V, Silliman, S, Singer, R, Smith, D, Sullivan, H, Tietjen, G, Thaler, D, Tuchman, M, Uskavitch, D, Verro, P, Vicari, R, Weinstein, R, Wilterdink, J, Zweifler, R, De Bastos, M, Goldstein, LB, Welch, KMA, SPARCL investigators, Bogousslavsky J, Goldstein LB, Zivin J, Clark W, Dávalos A, Kaste M, Leiter L, Altafullah I, Graham G, Glahn J, Jiménez Hernández D, MacWalter R, Scott R, Shuaib A, Sivenius J, Stipal R, Hart R, Marsh J, Norrving B, Pocock S, Sacco R, Easton J, Brown M, Nagy Z, Whisnant J, O'Neill B, Kleber F, LaBlanche JM, Welty F, Crimmins D, Davis S, Dimmitt S, Donnan G, Frayne J, Freilich D, Zagami A, Mikocki J, Schmidauer C, Schmidt R, De Bleecker J, Deceuninck F, Tack P, Thijs V, Gomes Fernandes J, Beaudry M, Cote R, Hoyte K, Lebrun LH, Mackey A, Sahlas D, Selchen D, Spence JD, Teal P, Winger M, Matamala G, Cifkova R, Kalita Z, Rektor I, Rosolova H, Vaclavik D, Boysen G, Klingenberg H, Sillesen H, Hillbom M, Numminen H, Pilke A, Salmivaara A, Alamowitch S, Amarenco P, Boulliat J, De Broucker T, Chollet F, Mahagne MH, Milandre L, Moulin T, Milonas I, Stathis P, Vogiatzoglou D, Bornstein N, Honigman S, Lampl Y, Streifler J, Capurso A, Comi G, Gandolfo C, Poloni M, Senin U, Rangel Guerra R, Boon AM, De Keyser JH, De Kort PL, Haas JA, Kamphuis DJ, Koudstaal PJ, Anderson N, Singh G, Czlonkowska A, Drozdowski W, Gralewski Z, Kozubski W, Kuczynska Zardzewialy A, Podemski R, Stelmasiak Z, Szczudlik A, Da Costa Correia C, Ferro J, Salgueiro e. Cunha L, Lietava J, Raslova K, Carr J, Gardiner J, Kruger A, Alvarez Sabin J, Chamorro A, Diez Tejedor E, Fernández O, Trejo Gabriel y. Galán J, González Marcos J, Egido Herrero J, Jiménez Martínez M, Lago Martin A, Mostacero Miguel E, Vivancos Mora J, Moltó J, Viguera Romero J, Cuartero Rodriguez E, Rubio F, Serena J, Laska AC, Leijd B, Strand T, Terent A, Waegner A, Wallén T, Baumgartner R, Hungerbühler H, Lyrer P, Mattle H, Bath PM, Ekpo EB, Freeman A, Lees KR, MacLeod MJ, MacWalter RS, Sharma AK, Shetty HG, Albers G, Benavente O, Book D, Broderick J, Calder C, Carlini W, Chaturvedi S, Chippendale T, Coull B, Davis P, Devlin T, Dick A, Dooneief G, Duff R, Estronza N, Forteza A, Frankel M, Frey J, Friday G, Goldstein J, Hammer M, Harris J, Harper W, Hendin B, Hess D, Hinton R, Hollander J, Hughes R, Kasner S, Kent T, Kim L, Kirshner H, LaMonte M, Ledbetter L, Lee Kwen P, Levin K, Libman R, Matlock J, McDowell P, McGee F. Jr, Meyer B, Minagar A, Moussouttas M, Munson R, Nash M, Nassief A, Orr S, Ratinov G, Salanga V, Silliman S, Singer R, Smith D, Sullivan H, Tietjen G, Thaler D, Tuchman M, Uskavitch D, Verro P, Vicari R, Weinstein R, Wilterdink J, Zweifler R, De Bastos M., FERRARESE, CARLO, Goldstein, L, Amarenco, P, Lamonte, M, Gilbert, S, Messig, M, Callahan, A, Hennerici, M, Sillesen, H, Welch, K, Sparcl, I, Bogousslavsky, J, Zivin, J, Clark, W, Dávalos, A, Kaste, M, Leiter, L, Altafullah, I, Graham, G, Glahn, J, Jiménez Hernández, D, Macwalter, R, Scott, R, Shuaib, A, Sivenius, J, Stipal, R, Hart, R, Marsh, J, Norrving, B, Pocock, S, Sacco, R, Easton, J, Brown, M, Nagy, Z, Whisnant, J, O'Neill, B, Kleber, F, Lablanche, J, Welty, F, Crimmins, D, Davis, S, Dimmitt, S, Donnan, G, Frayne, J, Freilich, D, Zagami, A, Mikocki, J, Schmidauer, C, Schmidt, R, De Bleecker, J, Deceuninck, F, Tack, P, Thijs, V, Gomes Fernandes, J, Beaudry, M, Cote, R, Hoyte, K, Lebrun, L, Mackey, A, Sahlas, D, Selchen, D, Spence, J, Teal, P, Winger, M, Matamala, G, Cifkova, R, Kalita, Z, Rektor, I, Rosolova, H, Vaclavik, D, Boysen, G, Klingenberg, H, Hillbom, M, Numminen, H, Pilke, A, Salmivaara, A, Alamowitch, S, Boulliat, J, De Broucker, T, Chollet, F, Mahagne, M, Milandre, L, Moulin, T, Milonas, I, Stathis, P, Vogiatzoglou, D, Bornstein, N, Honigman, S, Lampl, Y, Streifler, J, Capurso, A, Comi, G, Ferrarese, C, Gandolfo, C, Poloni, M, Senin, U, Rangel Guerra, R, Boon, A, De Keyser, J, De Kort, P, Haas, J, Kamphuis, D, Koudstaal, P, Anderson, N, Singh, G, Czlonkowska, A, Drozdowski, W, Gralewski, Z, Kozubski, W, Kuczynska Zardzewialy, A, Podemski, R, Stelmasiak, Z, Szczudlik, A, Da Costa Correia, C, Ferro, J, Salgueiro e., C, Lietava, J, Raslova, K, Carr, J, Gardiner, J, Kruger, A, Alvarez Sabin, J, Chamorro, A, Diez Tejedor, E, Fernández, O, Trejo Gabriel y., G, González Marcos, J, Egido Herrero, J, Jiménez Martínez, M, Lago Martin, A, Mostacero Miguel, E, Vivancos Mora, J, Moltó, J, Viguera Romero, J, Cuartero Rodriguez, E, Rubio, F, Serena, J, Laska, A, Leijd, B, Strand, T, Terent, A, Waegner, A, Wallén, T, Baumgartner, R, Hungerbühler, H, Lyrer, P, Mattle, H, Bath, P, Ekpo, E, Freeman, A, Lees, K, Macleod, M, Sharma, A, Shetty, H, Albers, G, Benavente, O, Book, D, Broderick, J, Calder, C, Carlini, W, Chaturvedi, S, Chippendale, T, Coull, B, Davis, P, Devlin, T, Dick, A, Dooneief, G, Duff, R, Estronza, N, Forteza, A, Frankel, M, Frey, J, Friday, G, Goldstein, J, Hammer, M, Harris, J, Harper, W, Hendin, B, Hess, D, Hinton, R, Hollander, J, Hughes, R, Kasner, S, Kent, T, Kim, L, Kirshner, H, Ledbetter, L, Lee Kwen, P, Levin, K, Libman, R, Matlock, J, Mcdowell, P, McGee F., J, Meyer, B, Minagar, A, Moussouttas, M, Munson, R, Nash, M, Nassief, A, Orr, S, Ratinov, G, Salanga, V, Silliman, S, Singer, R, Smith, D, Sullivan, H, Tietjen, G, Thaler, D, Tuchman, M, Uskavitch, D, Verro, P, Vicari, R, Weinstein, R, Wilterdink, J, Zweifler, R, De Bastos, M, Goldstein, LB, Welch, KMA, SPARCL investigators, Bogousslavsky J, Goldstein LB, Zivin J, Clark W, Dávalos A, Kaste M, Leiter L, Altafullah I, Graham G, Glahn J, Jiménez Hernández D, MacWalter R, Scott R, Shuaib A, Sivenius J, Stipal R, Hart R, Marsh J, Norrving B, Pocock S, Sacco R, Easton J, Brown M, Nagy Z, Whisnant J, O'Neill B, Kleber F, LaBlanche JM, Welty F, Crimmins D, Davis S, Dimmitt S, Donnan G, Frayne J, Freilich D, Zagami A, Mikocki J, Schmidauer C, Schmidt R, De Bleecker J, Deceuninck F, Tack P, Thijs V, Gomes Fernandes J, Beaudry M, Cote R, Hoyte K, Lebrun LH, Mackey A, Sahlas D, Selchen D, Spence JD, Teal P, Winger M, Matamala G, Cifkova R, Kalita Z, Rektor I, Rosolova H, Vaclavik D, Boysen G, Klingenberg H, Sillesen H, Hillbom M, Numminen H, Pilke A, Salmivaara A, Alamowitch S, Amarenco P, Boulliat J, De Broucker T, Chollet F, Mahagne MH, Milandre L, Moulin T, Milonas I, Stathis P, Vogiatzoglou D, Bornstein N, Honigman S, Lampl Y, Streifler J, Capurso A, Comi G, Gandolfo C, Poloni M, Senin U, Rangel Guerra R, Boon AM, De Keyser JH, De Kort PL, Haas JA, Kamphuis DJ, Koudstaal PJ, Anderson N, Singh G, Czlonkowska A, Drozdowski W, Gralewski Z, Kozubski W, Kuczynska Zardzewialy A, Podemski R, Stelmasiak Z, Szczudlik A, Da Costa Correia C, Ferro J, Salgueiro e. Cunha L, Lietava J, Raslova K, Carr J, Gardiner J, Kruger A, Alvarez Sabin J, Chamorro A, Diez Tejedor E, Fernández O, Trejo Gabriel y. Galán J, González Marcos J, Egido Herrero J, Jiménez Martínez M, Lago Martin A, Mostacero Miguel E, Vivancos Mora J, Moltó J, Viguera Romero J, Cuartero Rodriguez E, Rubio F, Serena J, Laska AC, Leijd B, Strand T, Terent A, Waegner A, Wallén T, Baumgartner R, Hungerbühler H, Lyrer P, Mattle H, Bath PM, Ekpo EB, Freeman A, Lees KR, MacLeod MJ, MacWalter RS, Sharma AK, Shetty HG, Albers G, Benavente O, Book D, Broderick J, Calder C, Carlini W, Chaturvedi S, Chippendale T, Coull B, Davis P, Devlin T, Dick A, Dooneief G, Duff R, Estronza N, Forteza A, Frankel M, Frey J, Friday G, Goldstein J, Hammer M, Harris J, Harper W, Hendin B, Hess D, Hinton R, Hollander J, Hughes R, Kasner S, Kent T, Kim L, Kirshner H, LaMonte M, Ledbetter L, Lee Kwen P, Levin K, Libman R, Matlock J, McDowell P, McGee F. Jr, Meyer B, Minagar A, Moussouttas M, Munson R, Nash M, Nassief A, Orr S, Ratinov G, Salanga V, Silliman S, Singer R, Smith D, Sullivan H, Tietjen G, Thaler D, Tuchman M, Uskavitch D, Verro P, Vicari R, Weinstein R, Wilterdink J, Zweifler R, De Bastos M., and FERRARESE, CARLO
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In SPARCL, treatment with atorvastatin 80 mg daily reduced stroke risk in patients with recent stroke or TIA and no known coronary heart disease by 16% versus placebo over 4.9 years of follow-up. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to determine whether men and women similarly benefited from randomization to statin treatment. METHODS: The effect of sex on treatment-related reductions in stroke and other cardiovascular outcomes were analyzed with Cox regression modeling testing for sex by treatment interactions. RESULTS: Women (n=1908) constituted 40% of the SPARCL study population. At baseline, men (n=2823) were younger (62.0+/-0.21 versus 63.9+/-0.27 years), had lower systolic BPs (138.1+/-0.35 versus 139.5+/-0.47 mm Hg), higher diastolic BPs (82.2+/-0.20 versus 81.0+/-0.25 mm Hg), more frequently had a history of smoking (73% versus 38%), and had lower total cholesterol (207.0+/-0.54 versus 218.9+/-0.67 mg/dL) and LDL-C levels (132+/-0.45 versus 134+/-0.57 mg/dL) than women. Use of antithrombotics and antihypertensives were similar. After prespecified adjustment for region, entry event, time since event, and age, there were no sex by treatment interactions for the combined risk of nonfatal and fatal stroke (treatment Hazard Ratio, HR=0.84, 95% CI 0.68, 1.02 in men versus HR=0.84, 95% CI 0.63, 1.11 in women; treatment x sex interaction P=0.99), major cardiac events (HR=0.61, 95% CI 0.42, 0.87 in men versus HR=0.76, 95% CI 0.48, 1.21 in women; P=0.45), major cardiovascular events (HR=0.78, 95% CI 0.65, 0.93 in men versus HR=0.84, 95% CI 0.65, 1.07 in women; P=0.63), revascularization procedures (HR=0.50, 95% CI 0.37, 0.67 in men versus HR=0.76, 95% CI 0.46, 1.24 in women; P=0.17), or any CHD event (HR=0.54, 95% CI 0.41, 0.72 in men versus 0.67 95% CI 0.46, 0.98 in women; P=0.40). CONCLUSIONS: Stroke and other cardiovascular events are similarly reduced with atorvastatin 80 mg/d in men and women with recent stroke or TIA.
Published: 2008

31. Flow experiences in information technology use

Author: E. M. Pilke
Subjects: Communication design, Multimedia, Computer science, business.industry, General Engineering, Information technology, Human Factors and Ergonomics, Usability, computer.software_genre, Education, Variety (cybernetics), Human-Computer Interaction, Software, Hardware and Architecture, Human–computer interaction, Information and Communications Technology, Information system, business, computer
Abstract: An interview was used to determine, whether flow experiences as defined by Csikszentmihalyi would occur in information technology use. Results indicate, that flow experience is quite frequent while performing a variety of tasks ranging from word processing to programming to visual design and information search on a desktop computer. Also flow experiences seem to occur while using a range of software matching the variety of tasks mentioned above. Participants named factors they thought were causing flow experiences while using information technology. These include almost exclusively items that are generally accepted as good usability. This leads to the concluding hypothesis that designing interfaces that induce flow experiences is to design good usability and vice versa. More research is needed to confirm this.
Published: 2004
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32. 'On ollut pientä erimielisyyttä': – Sodan todellisuus ja rintamakirjeissä kerrottu kokemus

Author: Pilke, Helena
Subjects: Katsaukset ja näkökulmat
Published: 2014

33. Relative effects of statin therapy on stroke and cardiovascular events in men and women: secondary analysis of the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) Study

Author: Goldstein, LB, Amarenco, P, Lamonte, M, Gilbert, S, Messig, M, Callahan, A, Hennerici, M, Sillesen, H, Welch, KMA, SPARCL investigators, Bogousslavsky J, Goldstein LB, Zivin J, Clark W, Dávalos A, Kaste M, Leiter L, Altafullah I, Graham G, Glahn J, Jiménez Hernández D, MacWalter R, Scott R, Shuaib A, Sivenius J, Stipal R, Hart R, Marsh J, Norrving B, Pocock S, Sacco R, Easton J, Brown M, Nagy Z, Whisnant J, O'Neill B, Kleber F, LaBlanche JM, Welty F, Crimmins D, Davis S, Dimmitt S, Donnan G, Frayne J, Freilich D, Zagami A, Mikocki J, Schmidauer C, Schmidt R, De Bleecker J, Deceuninck F, Tack P, Thijs V, Gomes Fernandes J, Beaudry M, Cote R, Hoyte K, Lebrun LH, Mackey A, Sahlas D, Selchen D, Spence JD, Teal P, Winger M, Matamala G, Cifkova R, Kalita Z, Rektor I, Rosolova H, Vaclavik D, Boysen G, Klingenberg H, Sillesen H, Hillbom M, Numminen H, Pilke A, Salmivaara A, Alamowitch S, Amarenco P, Boulliat J, De Broucker T, Chollet F, Mahagne MH, Milandre L, Moulin T, Milonas I, Stathis P, Vogiatzoglou D, Bornstein N, Honigman S, Lampl Y, Streifler J, Capurso A, Comi G, Gandolfo C, Poloni M, Senin U, Rangel Guerra R, Boon AM, De Keyser JH, De Kort PL, Haas JA, Kamphuis DJ, Koudstaal PJ, Anderson N, Singh G, Czlonkowska A, Drozdowski W, Gralewski Z, Kozubski W, Kuczynska Zardzewialy A, Podemski R, Stelmasiak Z, Szczudlik A, Da Costa Correia C, Ferro J, Salgueiro e. Cunha L, Lietava J, Raslova K, Carr J, Gardiner J, Kruger A, Alvarez Sabin J, Chamorro A, Diez Tejedor E, Fernández O, Trejo Gabriel y. Galán J, González Marcos J, Egido Herrero J, Jiménez Martínez M, Lago Martin A, Mostacero Miguel E, Vivancos Mora J, Moltó J, Viguera Romero J, Cuartero Rodriguez E, Rubio F, Serena J, Laska AC, Leijd B, Strand T, Terent A, Waegner A, Wallén T, Baumgartner R, Hungerbühler H, Lyrer P, Mattle H, Bath PM, Ekpo EB, Freeman A, Lees KR, MacLeod MJ, MacWalter RS, Sharma AK, Shetty HG, Albers G, Benavente O, Book D, Broderick J, Calder C, Carlini W, Chaturvedi S, Chippendale T, Coull B, Davis P, Devlin T, Dick A, Dooneief G, Duff R, Estronza N, Forteza A, Frankel M, Frey J, Friday G, Goldstein J, Hammer M, Harris J, Harper W, Hendin B, Hess D, Hinton R, Hollander J, Hughes R, Kasner S, Kent T, Kim L, Kirshner H, LaMonte M, Ledbetter L, Lee Kwen P, Levin K, Libman R, Matlock J, McDowell P, McGee F. Jr, Meyer B, Minagar A, Moussouttas M, Munson R, Nash M, Nassief A, Orr S, Ratinov G, Salanga V, Silliman S, Singer R, Smith D, Sullivan H, Tietjen G, Thaler D, Tuchman M, Uskavitch D, Verro P, Vicari R, Weinstein R, Wilterdink J, Zweifler R, De Bastos M., FERRARESE, CARLO, Goldstein, L, Amarenco, P, Lamonte, M, Gilbert, S, Messig, M, Callahan, A, Hennerici, M, Sillesen, H, Welch, K, Sparcl, I, Bogousslavsky, J, Zivin, J, Clark, W, Dávalos, A, Kaste, M, Leiter, L, Altafullah, I, Graham, G, Glahn, J, Jiménez Hernández, D, Macwalter, R, Scott, R, Shuaib, A, Sivenius, J, Stipal, R, Hart, R, Marsh, J, Norrving, B, Pocock, S, Sacco, R, Easton, J, Brown, M, Nagy, Z, Whisnant, J, O'Neill, B, Kleber, F, Lablanche, J, Welty, F, Crimmins, D, Davis, S, Dimmitt, S, Donnan, G, Frayne, J, Freilich, D, Zagami, A, Mikocki, J, Schmidauer, C, Schmidt, R, De Bleecker, J, Deceuninck, F, Tack, P, Thijs, V, Gomes Fernandes, J, Beaudry, M, Cote, R, Hoyte, K, Lebrun, L, Mackey, A, Sahlas, D, Selchen, D, Spence, J, Teal, P, Winger, M, Matamala, G, Cifkova, R, Kalita, Z, Rektor, I, Rosolova, H, Vaclavik, D, Boysen, G, Klingenberg, H, Hillbom, M, Numminen, H, Pilke, A, Salmivaara, A, Alamowitch, S, Boulliat, J, De Broucker, T, Chollet, F, Mahagne, M, Milandre, L, Moulin, T, Milonas, I, Stathis, P, Vogiatzoglou, D, Bornstein, N, Honigman, S, Lampl, Y, Streifler, J, Capurso, A, Comi, G, Ferrarese, C, Gandolfo, C, Poloni, M, Senin, U, Rangel Guerra, R, Boon, A, De Keyser, J, De Kort, P, Haas, J, Kamphuis, D, Koudstaal, P, Anderson, N, Singh, G, Czlonkowska, A, Drozdowski, W, Gralewski, Z, Kozubski, W, Kuczynska Zardzewialy, A, Podemski, R, Stelmasiak, Z, Szczudlik, A, Da Costa Correia, C, Ferro, J, Salgueiro e., C, Lietava, J, Raslova, K, Carr, J, Gardiner, J, Kruger, A, Alvarez Sabin, J, Chamorro, A, Diez Tejedor, E, Fernández, O, Trejo Gabriel y., G, González Marcos, J, Egido Herrero, J, Jiménez Martínez, M, Lago Martin, A, Mostacero Miguel, E, Vivancos Mora, J, Moltó, J, Viguera Romero, J, Cuartero Rodriguez, E, Rubio, F, Serena, J, Laska, A, Leijd, B, Strand, T, Terent, A, Waegner, A, Wallén, T, Baumgartner, R, Hungerbühler, H, Lyrer, P, Mattle, H, Bath, P, Ekpo, E, Freeman, A, Lees, K, Macleod, M, Sharma, A, Shetty, H, Albers, G, Benavente, O, Book, D, Broderick, J, Calder, C, Carlini, W, Chaturvedi, S, Chippendale, T, Coull, B, Davis, P, Devlin, T, Dick, A, Dooneief, G, Duff, R, Estronza, N, Forteza, A, Frankel, M, Frey, J, Friday, G, Goldstein, J, Hammer, M, Harris, J, Harper, W, Hendin, B, Hess, D, Hinton, R, Hollander, J, Hughes, R, Kasner, S, Kent, T, Kim, L, Kirshner, H, Ledbetter, L, Lee Kwen, P, Levin, K, Libman, R, Matlock, J, Mcdowell, P, McGee F., J, Meyer, B, Minagar, A, Moussouttas, M, Munson, R, Nash, M, Nassief, A, Orr, S, Ratinov, G, Salanga, V, Silliman, S, Singer, R, Smith, D, Sullivan, H, Tietjen, G, Thaler, D, Tuchman, M, Uskavitch, D, Verro, P, Vicari, R, Weinstein, R, Wilterdink, J, Zweifler, R, and De Bastos, M
Subjects: Male, Atorvastatin, Blood Pressure, Sex Factor, Pyrrole, Triglyceride, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, law, Stroke, Sex Characteristics, Middle Aged, Heptanoic Acid, Cholesterol, Treatment Outcome, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Hypertension, Population study, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Human, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Randomization, Logistic Model, Reproducibility of Result, Placebo, Sex Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pyrroles, Triglycerides, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Apolipoprotein A-I, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Sex Characteristic, medicine.disease, Surgery, Blood pressure, Logistic Models, Heptanoic Acids, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitor, Neurology (clinical), Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, business
Abstract: Background and Purpose— In SPARCL, treatment with atorvastatin 80 mg daily reduced stroke risk in patients with recent stroke or TIA and no known coronary heart disease by 16% versus placebo over 4.9 years of follow-up. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to determine whether men and women similarly benefited from randomization to statin treatment. Methods— The effect of sex on treatment-related reductions in stroke and other cardiovascular outcomes were analyzed with Cox regression modeling testing for sex by treatment interactions. Results— Women (n=1908) constituted 40% of the SPARCL study population. At baseline, men (n=2823) were younger (62.0±0.21versus 63.9±0.27 years), had lower systolic BPs (138.1±0.35 versus 139.5±0.47 mm Hg), higher diastolic BPs (82.2±0.20 versus 81.0±0.25 mm Hg), more frequently had a history of smoking (73% versus 38%), and had lower total cholesterol (207.0±0.54 versus 218.9±0.67 mg/dL) and LDL-C levels (132±0.45 versus 134±0.57 mg/dL) than women. Use of antithrombotics and antihypertensives were similar. After prespecified adjustment for region, entry event, time since event, and age, there were no sex by treatment interactions for the combined risk of nonfatal and fatal stroke (treatment Hazard Ratio, HR=0.84, 95% CI 0.68, 1.02 in men versus HR=0.84, 95% CI 0.63, 1.11 in women; treatment×sex interaction P =0.99), major cardiac events (HR=0.61, 95% CI 0.42, 0.87 in men versus HR=0.76, 95% CI 0.48, 1.21 in women; P =0.45), major cardiovascular events (HR=0.78, 95% CI 0.65, 0.93 in men versus HR=0.84, 95% CI 0.65, 1.07 in women; P =0.63), revascularization procedures (HR=0.50, 95% CI 0.37, 0.67 in men versus HR=0.76, 95% CI 0.46, 1.24 in women; P =0.17), or any CHD event (HR=0.54, 95% CI 0.41, 0.72 in men versus 0.67 95% CI 0.46, 0.98 in women; P =0.40). Conclusion— Stroke and other cardiovascular events are similarly reduced with atorvastatin 80 mg/d in men and women with recent stroke or TIA.
Published: 2008

34. Muodikas meemi? Super-alkuisten sanojen merkityspiirteistä, käyttöyhteyksistä ja levinneisyydestä

Author: Pilke, Nina, primary
Published: 2016
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35. Kustannustehokkuuden parantaminen tuotannonohjausta kehittämällä elintarviketeollisuusyrityksessä

Author: Ingman, Patrik, Perustieteiden korkeakoulu, Eloranta, Eero, Pilke, Iiro, Ingman, Patrik, Perustieteiden korkeakoulu, Eloranta, Eero, and Pilke, Iiro
Published: 2015

36. Spectral EEG During Short-Term Discontinuation of Antiepileptic Medication in Partial Epilepsy

Author: Juhani Partanen, Unto Nousiainen, Esa Mervaala, A. Pilke, A. Tuunainen, and Paavo Riekkinen
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Audiology, Electroencephalography, Functional Laterality, Lateralization of brain function, Temporal lobe, Central nervous system disease, Epilepsy, medicine, Humans, Epilepsy surgery, medicine.diagnostic_test, medicine.disease, Temporal Lobe, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Discontinuation, Anticonvulsant, Neurology, Anesthesia, Anticonvulsants, Female, Epilepsies, Partial, Neurology (clinical), Psychology
Abstract: Summary: The effect of short-term discontinuation of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on spectral analysis of EEG background activity (spectral EEG) was studied in patients undergoing preoperative evaluation for epilepsy surgery. We also wished to clarify whether AED discontinuation would provide lateralizing evidence in spectral EEGs of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Spectral EEGs were performed in 15 patients receiving their regular medication regimen and again after a 1-week period during AED withdrawal. A subgroup of 9 patients who had previously undergone temporal lobectomies (TLE group) was studied separately. In this group, we evaluated the effect of preceding seizures on spectral EEG derived from temporal neocortical areas. In all patients, spectral EEG changes were detected even after a short-term AED withdrawal. The total amount of absolute delta activity was reduced and occipital peak frequency and relative alpha activity were increased as compared with baseline values. In TLE patients with habitual seizures occurring
Published: 1995
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37. Ohje pintavesien ekologisen ja kemiallisen tilan luokitteluun vuosille 2012–2013 − päivitetyt arviointiperusteet ja niiden soveltaminen

Author: Aroviita, Jukka, Hellsten, Seppo, Jyväsjärvi, Jussi, Järvenpää, Lasse, Järvinen, Marko, Karjalainen, Satu Maaria, Kauppila, Pirkko, Keto, Antton, Kuoppala, Minna, Manni, Kati, Mannio, Jaakko, Mitikka, Sari, Olin, Mikko, Perus, Jens, Pilke, Ansa, Rask, Martti, Riihimäki, Juha, Ruuskanen, Ari, Siimes, Katri, Sutela, Tapio, Vehanen, Teppo, and Vuori, Kari-Matti
Subjects: vesistöt, pintavesi, vesien saastuminen, rannikkovedet, ekologinen tila, vedenlaatu, luokitukset, järvet, meret, vesienhoito, vesistönkuormitus, joet, vesikemia
Abstract: Suomen ensimmäinen pintavesien ekologisen ja kemiallisen tilan luokittelu laadittiin vuonna 2008 vesienhoidon ensimmäisen suunnittelukauden ohjeistuksen (Ympäristöhallinnon ohjeita OH 3/2009) mukaisesti. Tässä oppaassa esitetään päivitetyt arviointiperusteet pintavesien ekologisen ja kemiallisen tilan arviointiin ja luokitteluun vesienhoidon toista suunnittelukautta varten. Ohje on ensisijaisesti tarkoitettu ELY-keskuksille vesienhoidon suunnittelussa käytettäväksi vesien tilan luokitteluun. ELY-keskusten on tärkeää huomioida ja ottaa systemaattisesti käyttöön ohjeessa esitetyt päivitetyt arviointiperusteet. Vesien tilan luokittelussa käytettäviä parametreja on tapauskohtaisesti sisällytettävä toiminnanharjoittajien velvoitetarkkailuihin ja YVA-selvityksiin. Ohjeessa esitetään ne muutokset ja lisäykset, jotka vuosien 2012–2013 aikana toteutettavassa luokittelussa tulee huomioida verrattuna ensimmäisen suunnittelukauden ohjeistukseen. Muilta osin noudatetaan ensimmäisen luokittelukierroksen ohjeistusta (Ympäristöhallinnon ohjeita OH 3/2009). Kaikki luokittelutekijöiden arviointiperusteet (vertailuarvot ja luokkarajat) ovat tässä ohjeessa liitteinä, eikä ohjeen OH 3/2009 liitetaulukoita tule käyttää.
Published: 2012

38. Postoperative EEG and Electrocorticography: Relation to Clinical Outcome in Patients with Temporal Lobe Surgery

Author: A. Tuunainen, Esa Leinonen, A. Pilke, Matti Vapalahti, Esa Mervaala, Paavo Riekkinen, Leo Paljärvi, and Unto Nousiainen
Subjects: Adult, Male, Adolescent, Electroencephalography, Temporal lobe surgery, Central nervous system disease, Intraoperative Period, Epilepsy, medicine, Humans, Ictal, Postoperative Period, Electrocorticography, medicine.diagnostic_test, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Temporal Lobe, Sleep deprivation, Treatment Outcome, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Neurology, Anesthesia, Sleep Deprivation, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Sleep, Psychology, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: To evaluate the role of different EEG methods with respect to postoperative clinical follow-up, 32 non-lesionary epilepsy patients who had undergone temporal lobectomy were studied preoperatively and at 2-week, 3-month, and 1-year postoperative follow-up. Routine, sleep, and sphenoidal EEG recordings as well as intraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) were made for all patients. At 1-year follow-up, the EEGs with sphenoidal electrodes and with sleep deprivation procedure provided important prognostic information; the appearance of seizures was associated with the presence of interictal epileptiform abnormalities in EEG. In the postresection ECoG, however, epileptiform abnormalities were not associated with clinical outcome or with postoperative epileptiform EEG at 1 year. Routine EEG reliably reflects clinical outcome after temporal lobectomy; with sphenoidal electrodes as well as with sleep deprivation procedure, the diagnostic yield can be further improved.
Published: 1994
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39. Voiko historian professori vaikuttaa historian kulkuun?: Arvi Korhonen ja syksyn 1940 sotakirjakielto

Author: Pilke, Helena
Subjects: Vertaisarvioitu artikkeli
Published: 2011

40. Monitoring and assessment of the ecological status of lakes – a pilot procedure developed and tested in the Life Vuoksi project

Author: Heinonen, Pertti, Pietiläinen, Olli-Pekka, Airaksinen, Outi, Haapala, Antti, Hammar, Taina, Holopainen, Anna-Liisa, Hämäläinen, Heikki, Issakainen, Johanna, Kanninen, Antti, Karttunen, Krister, Leka, Jarkko, Lepistö, Liisa, Luotonen, Hannu, Manninen, Pertti, Mononen, Paula, Mäkinen, Heikki, Niinioja, Riitta, Pilke, Ansa, Rissanen, Jouko, Sandman, Olavi, Servomaa, Kristina, Sojakka, Pekka, Tolonen, Kimmo T., Ustinov, Arto, Vallinkoski, Veli-Matti, Valta-Hulkkonen, Kirsi, and Vuoristo, Heidi
Published: 2004

41. Haitallisten aineiden velvoitetarkkailun kehittäminen

Author: Karhu, Elina, Gustafsson, Juhani, Korhonen, Hanna, Londesborough, Susan, Mannio, Jaakko, Mehtonen, Jukka, Pilke, Ansa, Ruoppa, Marja, Saarinen, Kristiina, Salonen, Heikki, Silvo, Kimmo, and Vuoristo, Heidi
Abstract: Nykyisen ympäristönsuojelulain mukaisen velvoitetarkkailun vahvuutena on, että käytettävissä on toimiva tarkkailun suunnittelu- ja toteutuskehikko, johon haitallisten aineiden tarkkailu voidaan lisätä. Käyttö-, päästö- ja vaikutustarkkailut ovat perinteisten parametrien ja seurattavien tekijöiden osalta jo nykyisin varsin toimivia, ja mietintönsä syksyllä 2004 jättäneen tarkkailutyöryhmän ehdotusten perusteella niitä on mahdollista kehittää edelleen. Toinen merkittävä etu on, että ympäristönsuojelulaki ja –asetus kattavat jo nyt haitalliset aineet. Haitallisten aineiden tarkkailun kehittämisen ensisijainen tavoite onkin saada velvoitetarkkailu lainsäädännön ja kansainvälisten sopimusten vaatimusten mukaiselle tasolle. Haitallisten aineiden velvoitetarkkailu kattaa tällä hetkellä vain suppean joukon aineita. Uusien teollisuus- ja kuluttajakäytössä olevien aineiden käytöstä, päästöistä, ympäristöpitoisuuksista ja vaikutuksista on vielä hyvin puutteelliset tiedot. Tarkkailun kehittämisen keskeisenä lähtökohtana on lupaprosessin kehittäminen niin, että siinä tuotetaan tarkkailumääräysten asettamisen kannalta riittävät tiedot. Velvoitetarkkailussa sovelletaan riskiin (ympäristön pilaantumisen vaaraan) perustuvaa lähestymistapaa. Pilaantumisen vaaraa aiheuttavien aineiden tunnistamisen lähtökohtana on kemikaalien käyttömäärät ja -tavat sekä näiden pohjalta arvioidut päästökohteet ja –määrät. Käyttö- ja päästömääriin perustuvaa lähestymistapaa voidaan tukea ja täydentää havaittaviin ympäristövaikutuksiin perustuvalla lähestymistavalla. Velvoitetarkkailun kehittämisessä tulisi pyrkiä ympäristötiedon kokonaisvaltaiseen hankintaan, käsittelyyn, raportointiin ja arviointiin. Tarkkailun, seurannan ja tutkimuksen välistä rajaa tulisi madaltaa ja yrkiä muodostamaan laajempia tutkimuskokonaisuuksia. Tarkkailu tulisi toteuttaa kokonaisvaltaisesti yhdistämällä mm. kemikaalien käyttötietoja, päästöissä ja ympäristössä ääritettyjä haitta-ainepitoisuuksia, jätevesien ja ilmaan joutuvien päästöjen vaikutustutkimuksia ekä muita vaikutustutkimuksia.
Published: 2004

42. Käytettävyys ja kielitaito

Author: Pilke, Nina
Subjects: language proficiency, kielitaito, Artikkelit
Published: 2003

43. Trendikkäästi täsmällistä

Author: Pilke, Nina
Subjects: compound words - diffusion, muoti-ilmaukset, language of the press - language of advertising - Finnish, semantiikka, lexicology - Finnish, Artikkelit, lehtikieli - mainoskieli - suomen kieli, yhdyssanat - levikki, leksikologia - suomen kieli, semantics, fashionable expressions
Published: 2002

44. Vem förvärvar, vem forskar och vem liknar Greta Garbo? Om fackspråklighet och könsbundna beteckningar i betydelsebeskrivningar

Author: Pilke, Nina, Puskala, Jaana, Pilke, Nina, and Puskala, Jaana
Abstract: The aim of our study is to discuss whether the world described inmonolingual (Swedish) and bilingual (Finnish-Swedish) dictionaryentries represents the world outside the dictionaries (newspapercorpus, Google search). On the one hand, we focus on the examplesgiven in the entries förvärva (to acquire) and forska (to do research).The results show that the most frequent meaning of the verb förvärvain the real world (a company buys another company) can be foundonly in monolingual dictionaries, not in bilingual ones. Analysisof the agents connected to the verb forska (to do research) revealsthat the use of the pronouns is equal with respect to both quantityand quality in only one of the dictionaries (monolingual) studied.On the other hand, we analyze how much and in which contextsthe pronouns hon and han (she and he) are used in the entries. Thequantitative analysis of the use of hon (she) and han (he) in theexample sentences shows that there are differences in the prevailingpractices in the entries. The qualitative analysis of the examplesshows that women are often portrayed in a stereotypic manner.
Published: 2012

45. Tekstin prosessointi kääntämisen ja tulkkaamisen aikana

Author: PILKE, EEVA, Kieli-ja käännöstieteiden laitos - School of Modern Languages and Translation Studies, Humanistinen tiedekunta - Faculty of Humanities, and University of Tampere
Subjects: Käännöstiede (saksa) - Translation Studies (German)
Published: 1999

46. Vad heter förvärv på finska? Användningen av hjälpmedel när blivande språkexperter översätter

Author: Pilke, Nina, Puskala, Jaana, Pilke, Nina, and Puskala, Jaana
Abstract: The aim of the study is to explore how university students with Swedish as their main or secondary subject use different kinds of translator aids (Swedish/Finnish). The study is a part of a research project focusing the use and contents of translator aids by three groups of informants, namely two groups of university students (subject studies/Bachelor’s degree and advanced level studies/Master’s degree) and professional translators in Finland. The present study comprises student protocols in which the students have logged their searches and consultation when translating a specialised text in the field of economics. The results of the study show that the students use most often bilingual online dictionaries when translating from L2 to L1. If they do not find what they seek, they consult a monolingual online dictionary to be sure that they have understood the meaning of the word or phrase.
Published: 2010

47. NMD project report: Development and evaluation of common Nordic freshwater types 2002–2004

Author: Schartau, A.K., Fölster, J., Goedkoop, W., Koskenniemi, E., Löfström, F., Mäntykoski, A., Pilke, A., Skriver, J., Solheim, A.L., Vuoristo, H., Schartau, A.K., Fölster, J., Goedkoop, W., Koskenniemi, E., Löfström, F., Mäntykoski, A., Pilke, A., Skriver, J., Solheim, A.L., and Vuoristo, H.
Abstract: The report presents a Nordic typology system for freshwaters with the aim to facilitate the intercalibration process of Northern lakes and rivers. A common typology system is necessary for the development of comparable ecological quality assessment systems and harmonised ecological quality criteria for surface waters according to the Water Framework Directive. Based on the preliminary Nordic typology system and the selection of pressure types, a set of relevant types of water bodies (Nordic core types) have been selected. The next step was to investigate if intercalibration sites could be selected within the types and to find out which of the sites were situated on the borderlines high/good status and good/moderate status. Based on the relevant pressure types and the results from the compilation and comparison of monitoring data, quality elements, metrics and parameters for intercalibration have been suggested. The report contains also a presentation of the national typologies for freshwaters, and a comparison of the different monitoring methodology for lakes and rivers within the Nordic countries. This work has been taken forward by the Northern Geographical Intercalibration Group after 2004.
Published: 2008

48. Ordboksanvändning hos blivande språkexperter och hos professionella översättare

Author: Pilke, Nina and Pilke, Nina
Abstract: The aim of this pilot study is to explore how informants at different professional levels use dictionaries (Swedish/Finnish) and to investigate their opinions on the functionality of different kinds of dictionaries (electronic/book). The study is part of a research project focusing the use and contents of dictionaries by three groups of informants, namely two groups of university students (subject studies / Bachelor’s degree and advanced level studies / Master’s degree) and professional translators in Finland. Both the students and teachers represent the University Vaasa (Faculty of Humanities, Department of Scandinavian Languages) and the translators work in the Vaasa area. The material of the study comprises questionnaires. The discussion in the article is based on the concept of usability, especially the aspect of user acceptability.
Published: 2008

49. Preoperative EEG predicts memory and selective cognitive functions after temporal lobe surgery

Author: Esa Leinonen, Paavo Riekkinen, Unto Nousiainen, Juhani Partanen, Esa Mervaala, Matti Vapalahti, H. Hurskainen, A. Tuunainen, and A. Pilke
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Electroencephalography, Neuropsychological Tests, Temporal lobe, Epilepsy, Cognition, Memory, medicine, Memory functions, Humans, medicine.diagnostic_test, Memoria, Neuropsychology, Brain, Neuropsychological test, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Temporal Lobe, Surgery, Psychiatry and Mental health, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Anesthesia, Female, Neurology (clinical), Psychology, Research Article
Abstract: Preoperative and postoperative cognitive and memory functions, psychiatric outcome, and EEGs were evaluated in 32 epileptic patients who underwent temporal lobe surgery. The presence and location of preoperative slow wave focus in routine EEG predicted memory functions of the non-resected side after surgery. Neuropsychological tests of the function of the frontal lobes also showed improvement. Moreover, psychiatric ratings showed that seizure free patients had significantly less affective symptoms postoperatively than those who were still exhibiting seizures. After temporal lobectomies, successful outcome in postoperative memory functions can be achieved in patients with unilateral slow wave activity in preoperative EEGs. This study suggests a new role for routine EEG in preoperative evaluation of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
Published: 1995

50. Lateralization of event-related potentials during discontinuation of antiepileptic medication

Author: Antero Pilke, Unto Nousiainen, Esa Mervaala, A. Tuunainen, and Paavo Riekkinen
Subjects: Adult, Male, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, behavioral disciplines and activities, Lateralization of brain function, Functional Laterality, Central nervous system disease, Epilepsy, Event-related potential, medicine, Humans, Epilepsy surgery, Habituation, Habituation, Psychophysiologic, medicine.disease, Temporal Lobe, Discontinuation, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Anticonvulsant, Neurology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Anesthesia, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Anticonvulsants, Female, Neurology (clinical), Psychology, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract: Summary: The effect of short-term withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) was studied in 16 patients undergoing preoperative evaluation for epilepsy surgery. ERPs were performed for all patients during treatment with full medication and after a l-week period during ongoing tapering of AEDs. To clarify whether AED discontinuation would provide evidence of lateralizing for ERPs, we also studied the subgroup of 9 patients who had already undergone temporal lobectomies (TLE group). In the TLE group, if habitual seizures occurred
Published: 1995

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