Search

Targeting the drug delivery system is very tough nowadays due to premature drug release at the upper GIT tract and altered pH conditions. Colon-specific drug delivery systems can overcome that problem using different polymer combinations. A nanoparticulate drug delivery system is the prominent dosage form that impacts the bioavailability and requires a low dose to excrete the therapeutic efficacy. All nanoscience and nanotechnology are applications of Nanometrology, the science of measurements at the nanoscale. NPDDSs were primarily developed to combine the colloidal stability of solid particle suspensions in biological fluids and the solubilizing properties of liquids. An ideal drug-delivery system possesses two elements: the ability to target and control the drug release. Colloidal drug carriers offer a number of potential advantages as delivery systems, such as better bioavailability for poorly soluble drugs. Researchers have created various sophisticated and multifunctional nanocarrier systems that can transport pharmaceuticals in a targeted, sustained, and regulated manner to provide therapeutic medications that are safer and more effective, particularly to ulcerative colitis. These innovative technologies are improving the pharmacokinetic profile of pharmaceuticals, increasing their systemic circulation, and decreasing the frequency of pharmacological side effects. The review focuses on the current trend and future perspectives of natural polymer-based-loaded nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems for the management of inflammatory bowel disease.

Elevated levels of the aliphatic biogenic amine spemine in human urine and plasma has been considered as a biomarker for different types of cancers particularly, prostate cancer (PCa). Rapid measurement of spermine in human body fluids with high sensitivity is of great significance for the early clinical diagnosis of PCa. However, accurate estimation of the change in spermine concentration in the order of sub micromolar level is required for point-of-care testing (POCT) drive. Herein, a spermine specific receptor has been successfully attached onto the surface of a home-made gold modified plastic chip electrode (PCE). This electrosensor showed good repeatability and reproducibility in the electrochemical measurement of spermine when tested via impedance spectroscopy over a wide concentration range 10-3-10-11 M. Attachment of the receptor using gold thiol chemistry has been confirmed by SEM-EDX as well as Raman spectroscopy. The biosensor (i.e. boronic acid fabricated PCE) demonstrated good linearity over a wide concentration window (10−3-10−11 M) with R2 = 0.983, 0.9388, and 0.9454 for aqueous, urine, and blood plasma samples, respectively. The interference studies have also been performed with other biogenic polyamines, which revealed remarkable specificity of the electrosensor for spermine. The ultralow limit of detection (10 pM) undoubtedly reveals the potential of the electrochemical biosensing platform to be useful for POCT applications targeted towards the early diagnosis of PCa.