28 results on '"Sabbioni, Enrico"'
Search Results
2. Genotoxicity and Immunotoxicity of Titanium Dioxide-Embedded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (TiO2@MSN) in Primary Peripheral Human Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC)
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Di Giampaolo, Luca, primary, Zaccariello, Gloria, additional, Benedetti, Alvise, additional, Vecchiotti, Giulia, additional, Caposano, Francesca, additional, Sabbioni, Enrico, additional, Groppi, Flavia, additional, Manenti, Simone, additional, Niu, Qiao, additional, Poma, Anna Maria Giuseppina, additional, Di Gioacchino, Mario, additional, and Petrarca, Claudia, additional
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- 2021
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3. Assessment of cytotoxicity by impedance spectroscopy
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Ceriotti, Laura, Ponti, Jessica, Colpo, Pascal, Sabbioni, Enrico, and Rossi, Francois
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- 2007
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4. Selenium- and zinc-deficient cardiomyopathy in human intestinal malabsorption: preliminary results of selenium/zinc infusion
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Frustaci, Andrea, Sabbioni, Enrico, Fortaner, Salvador, Farina, Massimo, del Torchio, Riccardo, Tafani, Marco, Morgante, Emanuela, Ciriolo, Maria Rosa, Russo, Matteo A., and Chimenti, Cristina
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- 2012
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5. Genotoxicity and morphological transformation induced by cobalt nanoparticles and cobalt chloride: an in vitro study in Balb/3T3 mouse fibroblasts
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Ponti, Jessica, Sabbioni, Enrico, Munaro, Barbara, Broggi, Francesca, Marmorato, Patrick, Franchini, Fabio, Colognato, Renato, and Rossi, François
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- 2009
6. In vitro DNA damage by arsenic compounds in a human lymphoblastoid cell line (TK6) assessed by the alkaline Comet assay
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Guillamet, Emma, Creus, Amadeu, Ponti, Jessica, Sabbioni, Enrico, Fortaner, Salvador, and Marcos, Ricardo
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- 2004
7. Different Effects of Platinum, Palladium, and Rhodium Salts on Lymphocyte Proliferation and Cytokine Release
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Boscolo, Paolo, Di Giampaolo, Luca, Reale, Marcella, Castellani, Maria Luisa, Volpe, Anna Rita, Carmignani, Marco, Ponti, Jessica, Paganelli, Roberto, Sabbioni, Enrico, Conti, Pio, and Di Gioacchino, Mario
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- 2004
8. In Vitro Effects of Platinum Compounds on Lymphocyte Proliferation and Cytokine Release
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Di Gioacchino, Mario, Di Giampaolo, Luca, Verna, Nicola, Reale, Marcella, Di Sciascio, Maria Bernadette, Volpe, Anna Rita, Carmignani, Marco, Ponti, Jessica, Paganelli, Roberto, Sabbioni, Enrico, and Boscolo, Paolo
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- 2004
9. Where have all the lanthanum salts gone, long time passing?
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CANAVESE, CATERINA, MEREU, CRISTINA, NORDIO, MAURIZIO, SABBIONI, ENRICO, and AIME, SILVIO
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- 2003
10. Cytogenetic and oxidative damage induced in human lymphocytes by platinum, rhodium and palladium compounds
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Migliore, Lucia, Frenzilli, Giada, Nesti, Claudia, Fortaner, Salvador, and Sabbioni, Enrico
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- 2002
11. Depression in dialysis patients: Rubidium supplementation before other drugs and encouragement?
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Canavese, Caterina, DeCostanzi, Ester, Branciforte, Lino, Caropreso, Antonio, Nonnato, Antonello, and Sabbioni, Enrico
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- 2001
12. International project for producing reference values for concentrations of trace elements in human blood and urine — TRACY
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Vesterberg, Olof, Alessio, Lorenzo, Brune, Dag, Gerhardsson, Lars, Herber, Robert, Kazantzis, George, Nordberg, Gunnar F., and Sabbioni, Enrico
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- 1993
13. Engineered metal based nanoparticles and innate immunity
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Petrarca, Claudia, primary, Clemente, Emanuela, additional, Amato, Valentina, additional, Pedata, Paola, additional, Sabbioni, Enrico, additional, Bernardini, Giovanni, additional, Iavicoli, Ivo, additional, Cortese, Sara, additional, Niu, Qiao, additional, Otsuki, Takemi, additional, Paganelli, Roberto, additional, and Di Gioacchino, Mario, additional
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- 2015
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14. Palladium Nanoparticles Induce Disturbances in Cell Cycle Entry and Progression of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Paramount Role of Ions
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Petrarca, Claudia, primary, Clemente, Emanuela, additional, Di Giampaolo, Luca, additional, Mariani-Costantini, Renato, additional, Leopold, Kerstin, additional, Schindl, Roland, additional, Lotti, Lavinia V., additional, Mangifesta, Rocco, additional, Sabbioni, Enrico, additional, Niu, Qiao, additional, Bernardini, Giovanni, additional, and Di Gioacchino, Mario, additional
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- 2014
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15. ECSIN's methodological approach for hazard evaluation of engineered nanomaterials
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Bregoli, Lisa, primary, Benetti, Federico, additional, Venturini, Marco, additional, and Sabbioni, Enrico, additional
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- 2013
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16. Influence of metal ions on gene expression of BALB 3T3 fibroblasts
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Cinquetti, Raffaella, primary, Mazzotti, Francesca, additional, Acquati, Francesco, additional, Gornati, Rosalba, additional, Sabbioni, Enrico, additional, Taramelli, Roberto, additional, and Bernardini, Giovanni, additional
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- 2003
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17. Marked elevation of myocardial trace elements in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy compared with secondary cardiac dysfunction
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Frustaci, Andrea, primary, Magnavita, Nicola, additional, Chimenti, Cristina, additional, Caldarulo, Marina, additional, Sabbioni, Enrico, additional, Pietra, Romano, additional, Cellini, Carlo, additional, Possati, Gian Federico, additional, and Maseri, Attilio, additional
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- 1999
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18. Measurement of Cadmium-Induced Metallothionein in Urine by ELISA and Prevention of Overestimation Due to Polymerization*
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Tang, Weifeng, primary, Kido, Teruhiko, additional, Gross, Walter A., additional, Nogawa, Koji, additional, Sabbioni, Enrico, additional, and Shaikh, Zahir A., additional
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- 1999
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19. Genotoxicity and Immunotoxicity of Titanium Dioxide-Embedded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (TiO 2 @MSN) in Primary Peripheral Human Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC).
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Di Giampaolo, Luca, Zaccariello, Gloria, Benedetti, Alvise, Vecchiotti, Giulia, Caposano, Francesca, Sabbioni, Enrico, Groppi, Flavia, Manenti, Simone, Niu, Qiao, Poma, Anna Maria Giuseppina, Di Gioacchino, Mario, Petrarca, Claudia, and Rabilloud, Thierry
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SILICA nanoparticles ,MESOPOROUS silica ,IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY ,NANOPARTICLE size ,BLOOD cells ,REACTIVE oxygen species - Abstract
Background: TiO
2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are the nanomaterial most produced as an ultraviolet (UV) filter. However, TiO2 is a semiconductor and, in nanoparticle size, is a strong photocatalyst, raising concerns about photomutagenesis. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) were synthetized incorporating TiO2 NPs (TiO2 @MSN) to develop a cosmetic UV filter. The aim of this study was to assess the toxicity of TiO2 @MSN, compared with bare MSN and commercial TiO2 NPs, based on several biomarkers. Materials and Methods: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were exposed to TiO2 @MSN, bare MSN (network) or commercial TiO2 NPs for comparison. Exposed PBMC were characterized for cell viability/apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), nuclear morphology, and cytokines secretion. Results: All the nanoparticles induced apoptosis, but only TiO2 NPs (alone or assembled into MSN) led to ROS and micronuclei. However, TiO2 @MSN showed lower ROS and cytotoxicity with respect to the P25. Exposure to TiO2 @MSN induced Th2-skewed and pro-fibrotic responses. Conclusions: Geno-cytotoxicity data indicate that TiO2 @MSN are safer than P25 and MSN. Cytokine responses induced by TiO2 @MSN are imputable to both the TiO2 NPs and MSN, and, therefore, considered of low immunotoxicological relevance. This analytical assessment might provide hints for NPs modification and deep purification to reduce the risk of health effects in the settings of their large-scale manufacturing and everyday usage by consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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20. Where have all the lanthanum salts gone, long time passing?
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Canavese, Caterina, Mereu, Cristina, Nordio, Maurizio, Sabbioni, Enrico, Aime, Silvio, and on behalf of the Trace Element, Environment and Uremia Study Group of the Italian Society of Nephrology
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Treatment Outcome ,chemistry ,Nephrology ,Lanthanum ,Renal Dialysis ,Metallurgy ,Mineralogy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Humans ,Bone Diseases ,urologic and male genital diseases ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications - Full Text
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21. Assessing the protection of the nanomaterial workforce
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Irina Guseva Canu, Paul A. Schulte, Ivo Iavicoli, Dirk Dahmann, Jorma Rantanen, Sergio Iavicoli, Fabio Boccuni, Enrico Sabbioni, Maria Letizia Polci, Maximo Ricci, Elvio Mantovani, Antonio Pietroiusti, Rüdiger Pipke, Schulte, Paul A, Iavicoli, Ivo, Rantanen, Jorma H., Dahmann, Dirk, Iavicoli, Sergio, Pipke, Rüdiger, Guseva Canu, Irina, Boccuni, Fabio, Ricci, Maximo, Polci, Maria Letizia, Sabbioni, Enrico, Pietroiusti, Antonio, and Mantovani, Elvio
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precautionary guidance ,Engineered nanomaterials ,Biomedical Engineering ,Health protection ,010501 environmental sciences ,Toxicology ,01 natural sciences ,Occupational safety and health ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Environmental health ,Occupational Exposure ,Humans ,Nanotechnology ,Environmental planning ,Risk management ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Risk Management ,business.industry ,toxicity ,Control procedure ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Nanostructures ,Workforce ,occupational exposure limit ,Occupational exposure ,Safety ,business - Abstract
Responsible development of any technology, including nanotechnology, requires protecting workers, the first people to be exposed to the products of the technology. In the case of nanotechnology, this is difficult to achieve because in spite of early evidence raising health and safety concerns, there are uncertainties about hazards and risks. The global response to these concerns has been the issuance by authoritative agencies of precautionary guidance to strictly control exposures to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). This commentary summarizes discussions at the "Symposium on the Health Protection of Nanomaterial Workers" held in Rome (25 and 26 February 2015). There scientists and practitioners from 11 countries took stock of what is known about hazards and risks resulting from exposure to ENMs, confirmed that uncertainties still exist, and deliberated on what it would take to conduct a global assessment of how well workers are being protected from potentially harmful exposures.
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- 2016
22. Uptake from water, internal distribution and bioaccumulation of selenium in Scenedesmus obliquus, Unio mancus and Rattus norvegicus: part A
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Enrico Sabbioni, Salvador Fortaner, Flavia Groppi, Massimo Farina, Giovanni Libralato, Aldo-Eliano Polettini, Simone Manenti, Sabbioni, Enrico, Polettini, Aldo Eliano, Fortaner, Salvador, Farina, Massimo, Groppi, Flavia, Manenti, Simone, Libralato, Giovanni, and Sabbioni, E.
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Male ,Water uptake ,Bioavailability ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Settore MED/42 - Igiene Generale e Applicata ,Fresh Water ,Toxicology ,Kidney ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Unio ,Microalgae ,Mussels ,Tissue Distribution ,Water Pollutants ,Food science ,Selenium Compounds ,selenium, transfer, food chain ,Scenedesmus ,Biomagnification ,Ecology ,Selenium, Microalgae, Mussels, Rats, Water uptake, Bioavailability ,General Medicine ,Pollution ,Liver ,Environmental chemistry ,Bioaccumulation ,Animals ,Rats ,Selenium ,Subcellular Fractions ,Water Pollutants, Chemical ,Food Chain ,Biological Availability ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Chemical ,Biology ,Selenium, Microalgae, Mussel, Rat, Food chain, Biomagnification ,Distribution (pharmacology) ,Ecotoxicology ,Kidney metabolism ,Mussel ,biology.organism_classification ,Culture Media ,chemistry ,Scenedesmus obliquus ,Unio mancus ,Rat ,Sprague-Dawley ,transfer - Abstract
(75)Se-selenite transfer was investigated in a phytoplankton-mussel-rat food chain model consisting of Scenedesmus obliquus (Turpin) Kützing, Unio mancus Lamark and Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout. (75)Se-metabolized forms were investigated in order to identify potential critical steps in the food chain, as well as its relative bioavailability looking also at intracellular, cellular and organ partitioning. Tissue and intracellular distribution of (75)Se in mussels fed with (75)Se-S. obliquus was different compared to those exposed only to inorganic (75)Se-selenite. The intracellular distribution of (75)Se in the hepatopancreas and mantle of mussels fed (75)Se-microalgae was similar to hepatic and renal distributions in rats, suggesting that their stomach dissociated larger (75)Se-containing molecules. The (75)Se partitioned from water (culture medium) to microalgae showing a bioconcentration factor of 435. The bottleneck in the trophic transfer of (75)Se occurred between S. obliquus-U. mancus. From microalgae to mussels and subsequently to rats no bioaccumulation was verified.
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- 2015
23. Metallomics in in vitro toxicology research
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Farina, Massimo, Marcos Dauder, Ricardo, Sabbioni, Enrico, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia
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Ciències Experimentals ,616.9 ,Química ,Toxicologia ,Genètica - Abstract
Los metales son ubicuos y su acumulación cada vez mayor en el ambiente conduce a serias preocupaciones en términos de seguridad ambiental, ocupacional y del consumidor. Entre otros efectos potenciales sobre la salud, la carcinogenicidad y la neurotoxicidad inducidas por los metales representan un riesgo importante para la sociedad humana y, por lo tanto, merecen ser determinadas completamente. En este contexto, se necesita llevar a cabo un amplio proyecto de investigación in vitro en estas áreas en compuestos metálicos seleccionados. El trabajo se refiere a investigaciones en metalómica destinadas a estudiar las rutas metabólicas de compuestos caracterizados de As, Cd, Cr, Pt, Mn y V mediante modelos experimentales desarrollados en ECVAM, como las líneas celulares de fibroblasto de ratón (Balb/3T3), las variedades de células del feocromocitoma de la rata (PC12) y reagregados de cerebro de rata y sus tipos celulares individuales. Los estudios se han realizado usando técnicas nucleares y radioanalíticas (análisis por activación de neutrones (NAA), radiotrazadores con alta radiactividad específica) y técnicas espectrométricas avanzadas (HPLC-ICPMS y GFAAS). Incluyen la especiación en relación al comportamiento de los compuestos metálicos en los medios de cultivo celular, su absorción, distribución intracelular del metal, y unión con los componentes celulares.Etapas del proyecto de investigación:(i) preparación de los radiotrazadores para etiquetar las diferentes concentraciones de los compuestos metálicos(ii) exposición de modelos in vitro estandardizados a los compuestos estables y/o metales marcados radioactivamente para diferentes periodos de tiempo y rango de concentración(iii) estudios mecanísticos que permitan establecer la relación dosis-efecto en cuanto a la absorción del metal estudiado por todos los compartimentos celulares, como se obtiene por centrifugación diferencial y por técnicas de filtración de gel. Determinación del estado de oxidación del metaloma en los compartimentos de la célula (iv) tratamiento estadístico de los datos y desarrollo de modelos metabólicos., Metals are ubiquitous and increasing accumulation in the environment raises serious concerns in terms of environmental, occupational and consumer safety. Among other potential health effects, metal-induced carcinogenicity and neurotoxicity represent a major risk to the human society and therefore deserves to be fully assessed. In this context, a comprehensive in vitro research project in these areas needs to be conducted on selected metal compounds.The work concern in vitro metallomics investigations concerning metabolic pathways of chemically-characterized As, Cd, Cr, Pt, Mn and V compounds by experimental models developed at ECVAM, such as mouse fibroblast (Balb/3T3), rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell lines and rat brain re-aggregates and their individual cell types. The studies will be carried out by using nuclear, radioanalytical (neutron activation analysis (NAA) and use of radiotracers with high specific radioactivity) and advanced spectrochemical (HPLC-ICPMS and GFAAS) techniques. They will include metal speciation concerning behaviour of test metal compounds in cell culture media, uptake, intracellular distribution, binding with cell components.Steps of the research project:(i) preparation of radiotracers for labelling of different concentrations of metal compounds(ii) exposure of standardised in vitro models to stable and/or radiolabelled metal compounds for different time periods and range of concentration(iii) mechanistic studies involving the establishment of dose-effect relationship in relation to uptake of metal tested by whole cell compartments as obtained by differential centrifugation as well as gel filtration techniques. Determination of the oxidation state of metallome in cell compartments(iv) statistical treatment of the data and development of metabolic models.
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- 2008
24. In vitro rodent models as alternative methods in assessing cytotoxicity and carcinogenic potential of metal compounds
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Mazzotti, Francesca, Sabbioni, Enrico, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia
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Ciències Experimentals ,Toxicological effects ,Alternative methods ,Metal compounds - Abstract
Los ensayos in vitro de transformación celular abarcan el proceso multifásico que va desde la conversión neoplásica hasta el establecimiento del fenotipo tumorigénico. En la presente tesis doctoral, el ensayo in vitro Balb/3T3, con una línea celular inmortalizada de fibroblastos de ratón, ha sido aplicado para determinar la citotoxicidad y el potencial carcinogénico de una serie de compuestos metálicos seleccionados por su interés ambiental, laboral y biomédico, adoptando una estrategia específica de trabajo en varias etapas. Esto ha implicado una optimización muy precisa del protocolo para determinar la reproducibilidad intralaboratorios del protocolo del ensayo y para asegurar la estabilidad de las condiciones experimentales de aplicación del ensayo Balb/3T3.Por consiguiente, después de la optimización del protocolo adoptado, el proyecto de tesis se desarrolló siguiendo una estrategia de cuatro etapas: a) determinación de la citotoxicidad a unas concentraciones de exposición fijadas (100 µM, 65 compuestos metálicos individuales). Esto permitió la selección de los compuestos metálicos que tendrían prioridad para las investigaciones subsiguientes; b) establecimiento de las relaciones dosis-efecto para 35 compuestos metálicos identificados como de primera prioridad en la etapa (a), para determinar los correspondientes valores de IC50 y un rango adecuado de concentraciones de exposición para ser utilizado en los pasos siguientes; c) determinación del potencial carcinogénico de los compuestos metálicos seleccionados a partir de la etapa (b); d) estudios sobre los mecanismos de transformación de las especies metálicas identificadas en la fase (c). En este contexto, una aproximación mecanística inicial fue la evaluación de la respuesta apoptótica inducida por los compuestos metálicos seleccionados en las células Balb/3T3. Este estudio sobre la apoptosis ha mostrado que se debería utilizar más de un ensayo para establecer inequívocamente la inducción de apoptosis por alguno de los compuestos metálicos en el sistema de ensayo escogido. Esto es debido a la complejidad del problema y a las dificultades para interpretar los datos experimentales. Por otra parte, los hallazgos sobre la respuesta apoptótica inducida por As(III), Cr(VI) y algunos compuestos de Pt sugieren la hipótesis de la existencia de una relación entre los procesos apoptótico, genotóxico y carcinogénico.Con respecto a los estudios mecanísticos y de metabolismo de los metales, los resultados obtenidos aplicando técnicas analíticas únicas y peculiares como el uso de radiotrazadores, espectrometría de masas con plasma de acoplamiento inductivo, y resonancia magnética nuclear han hecho posible obtener interesantes datos metabólicos sobre la entrada y el reparto intracelular de los metales incorporados en las células. Éste es un aspecto generalmente olvidado en los estudios in vitro a pesar de ser un punto clave para la interpretación mecanística de la citotoxicidad y de la actividad transformante inducidas por los compuestos químicos.Además, se encontró un buen nivel de concordancia al comparar los resultados obtenidos de la aplicación del ensayo Balb/3T3 con los modelos in vitro seleccionados de roedores y humanos.En conclusión, la presente tesis representa una importante contribución para hacer que la línea celular Balb/3T3 sea un valioso modelo in vitro para investigar la correlación entre absorción, biotransformación, citotoxicidad y potencial carcinogénico de los compuestos metálicos. Se puede afirmar que el ensayo Balb/3T3 tiene el potencial para ser adecuado para un estudio futuro de validación., In vitro morphological cell transformation tests encompass the multi-step process from neoplastic conversion to the established tumorigenic phenotype. In the present PhD thesis the in vitro Balb/3T3 assay, an immortalised mouse fibroblast cell line, was applied for assessing cytotoxicity and carcinogenic potential of selected metal compounds of environmental, occupational and biomedical interest by adopting a specific multi-stage work strategy. This has involved a very accurate protocol optimisation in order to assess intralaboratory reproducibility of the test protocol and to assure stability of the experimental conditions in which the Balb/3T3 assay was applied.Therefore, after optimisation of the adopted protocol the present PhD project was carried out following a "four steps approach": a) determination of cytotoxicity at a fixed concentration exposure (100 µM, 65 individual metal compounds). This allowed the selection of metal compounds to which priority is given for subsequent investigations; b) setting of dose-effect relationships for 35 metal compounds identified as first priority in step (a), in order to establish the corresponding IC50 values and a suitable exposure range of concentrations to be used in the subsequent steps; c) determination of carcinogenic potential of selected metal compounds from step (b); d) mechanistic studies on transforming metal species as identified in step (c). In this context, an initial mechanistic approach was the evaluation of the apoptotic response induced by selected metal compounds on the Balb/3T3 cells. This study on apoptosis has shown that more than one assay should be used in order to establish unequivocally the induction of apoptosis by a metal compound on the selected test system. This is due to the complexity of the problem and the difficulties to interpret the experimental data. Moreover, the findings on the apoptotic response induced by As(III), Cr(VI) and some Pt-compounds suggest the hypothesis of an existing relationship among apoptotic, genotoxic and carcinogenic processes.With regard to mechanistic studies and metal metabolism, the results obtained applying unique and peculiar analytical techniques like the use of radiotracers, Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance have made possible to get interesting metabolic data on uptake and intracellular repartition of metals incorporated into cells. This is an aspect generally neglected in in vitro studies although it is a key point for mechanistic interpretation of cytotoxicity and transforming activity induced by chemicals.In addition, a good level of concordance was achieved by comparing the results obtained from the application of the Balb/3T3 assay with selected in vitro rodent and human models.In conclusion, the present PhD project represents an important contribution to make the Balb/3T3 cell line as a valuable in vitro model to investigate correlation between uptake, biotransformation, cytotoxicity and carcinogenic potential of metal compounds. It is to state that the Balb/3T3 assay has the potential to be suitable for a future validation study.
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- 2003
25. Animal test alternatives in metal toxicology research. A study by 'in vitro' cellular systems
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Cocco, Barbara, Sabbioni, Enrico, Marcos Dauder, Ricardo, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia
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Ciències Experimentals ,Metal ,Toxicology ,Invitro - Abstract
En esta Tesis se han utilizado diferentes modelos de toxicidad in vitro para estudiar los efectos citotóxicos inducidos por metales. Se han usado cuatro líneas celulares, HaCat, PC12, ES D3 y BALB/3T3, como modelos de dermotoxicidad, neurotoxicidad, embriotoxicidad y carcinogénesis y se han llevado a cabo los siguientes estudios:- HaCata) Determinación de la toxicidad inducida por compuestos de platino ((NH4)2PtCl6, PtCl2, y PtCl4) mediante la medida de la eficiencia en la formación de colonias (CFE). PtCl2 y (NH4)2PtCl6 mostraron un efecto citotóxico mayor que PtCl4 y (NH4)2PtCl4. Las respuestas citotóxicas de los compuestos de platino resultaron dependientes del tiempo de exposición y de la forma química del elemento.b) Estudio del efecto citotóxico inducido por 51 metales a una concentración fija de 100 mM durante 72 horas. Este ensayo permitió clasificar las especies de metales en tres grupos según el grado de la respuesta citotóxica obtenida.- PC12Estudio del efecto citotóxico inducido por 24 metales a una concentración fija de 100 mM durante 24 y 72 horas de exposición y utilizando el MTT como ensayo de citotoxicidad. Los experimentos se llevaron a cabo en células cultivadas en ausencia o presencia de tetraciclina, en modo de favorecer (Tet-on) o impedir (Tet-off) la expresion de la p53. Los metales que afectaron la viabilidad celular fueron Ag, As, Cd, Cr, Pt, Se, y Te.- ES D3Estudio del efecto inducido por metilmercurio en la frecuencia de latido de las células ES. La citotoxicidad del compuesto metálico se evaluó durante la primera fase de diferenciación.- BALB/3T3Estudio del potencial citotóxico y carcinogénico de especies orgánicas e inorgánicas de arsénico. A diferencia de NaAsO2 y Na2HAsO4, las formas orgánicas, arsenobetaina y arsenocolina, no produjeron efectos citotóxicos en las células. Sólo las especies inorgánicas de As dieron resultados positivos en el ensayo morfológico de transformación celular. Estos resultados confirman, por una parte, que los compuestos inórganicos de As son biológicamente más activos que los orgánicos y, por otra, la importancia fundamental de la especiación en la respuesta toxicológica., The present research concerns the use of in vitro toxicity testing methods for studying the cytotoxic effects of metal compounds induced in four different cell lines such as HaCaT, PC12, ES D3 and BALB/3T3 as models of dermal toxicity, neurotoxicity, embryotoxicity and carcinogenic potential of xenobiotics. The following studies have been carried out:- HaCaTa) Determination of cytoxicity of Pt compounds ((NH4)2PtCl4, (NH4)2PtCl6, PtCl2 and PtCl4) as measured by Colony Forming Efficiency (CFE). PtCl2 and (NH4)2PtCl6 were more cytotoxic compared to PtCl4 and (NH4)2PtCl4. The cytotoxic responses of the four platimun species was dependent of the time of exposure and on the chemical form of the element.b) Screening test of the cytotoxic induced by 100 mM of 51 metal compounds at 72h post-exposure. This allowed a classification of the metal species tested as 3 groups according to the severity of the degree of their cytotoxic response.- PC12Screening test on the cytotoxic response in relation to the exposure to 100 mM of 24 metal compounds for 24h and 72h as determined by MMT test. The study has been carried out on cells that were grown in absence or presence of tetracycline, a technique that makes (Tet-on) or not (Tet-off) possible the expression p53 gene.Metal compounds which affect cell viability are Ag, As, Cd, Cr, Pt, Se and Te.- ES D3Effect of methyl mercury on the beating of ES cells, Cytotoxic effect of the metal compound was observed during the first step of differentiation.- BALB/3T3Inorganic and organoarsenic species have been studied for their cytotoxic and carcinogenic potential. Unlike NaAsO2 and Na2HAsO4 the organoarsenic forms arsenobetaine and arsenocholine failed to induce any significant cytotoxic effect in the cells, the inorganic As species (but not the organic ones) giving positive results in the morphological neoplastic transformation assay. These findings confirm that inorganic As compounds are biologically more active compared to organoarsenic species, and the great importance of the speciation as fundamental factor in determining the toxicological response.
- Published
- 2001
26. Engineered metal based nanoparticles and innate immunity
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Sara Cortese, Valentina Amato, Giovanni Bernardini, Roberto Paganelli, Ivo Iavicoli, Enrico Sabbioni, Takemi Otsuki, Qiao Niu, Emanuela Clemente, Claudia Petrarca, Mario Di Gioacchino, Paola Pedata, Petrarca, Claudia, Clemente, Emanuela, Amato, Valentina, Pedata, Paola, Sabbioni, Enrico, Bernardini, Giovanni, Iavicoli, Ivo, Cortese, Sara, Niu, Qiao, Otsuki, Takemi, Paganelli, Roberto, and Di Gioacchino, Mario
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Barrier ,Cell receptor ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Immunology ,Review ,medicine.disease_cause ,Autoimmunity ,Immune system ,Immunity ,medicine ,Immunotoxicity ,Immunology and Allergy ,Cytokine ,Molecular Biology ,Adjuvant ,Cell receptors ,Innate immune system ,business.industry ,In vitro toxicology ,Barriers ,Cytokines ,Immunostimulation ,business ,Foreign substance - Abstract
Almost all people in developed countries are exposed to metal nanoparticles (MeNPs) that are used in a large number of applications including medical (for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes). Once inside the body, absorbed by inhalation, contact, ingestion and injection, MeNPs can translocate to tissues and, as any foreign substance, are likely to encounter the innate immunity system that represent a non-specific first line of defense against potential threats to the host. In this review, we will discuss the possible effects of MeNPs on various components of the innate immunity (both specific cells and barriers). Most important is that there are no reports of immune diseases induced by MeNPs exposure: we are operating in a safe area. However, in vitro assays show that MeNPs have some effects on innate immunity, the main being toxicity (both cyto- and genotoxicity) and interference with the activity of various cells through modification of membrane receptors, gene expression and cytokine production. Such effects can have both negative and positive relevant impacts on humans. On the one hand, people exposed to high levels of MeNPs, as workers of industries producing or applying MeNPs, should be monitored for possible health effects. On the other hand, understanding the modality of the effects on immune responses is essential to develop medical applications for MeNPs. Indeed, those MeNPs that are able to stimulate immune cells could be used to develop of new vaccines, promote immunity against tumors and suppress autoimmunity.
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27. Effects of resveratrol on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine release.
- Author
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Boscolo P, del Signore A, Sabbioni E, Di Gioacchino M, Di Giampaolo L, Reale M, Conti P, Paganelli R, and Giaccio M
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- Adult, Animals, Cell Division drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Combinations, Humans, Leukocytes, Mononuclear metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Phytohemagglutinins pharmacology, Resveratrol, Antioxidants pharmacology, Interferon-gamma metabolism, Leukocytes, Mononuclear drug effects, Stilbenes pharmacology, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha metabolism
- Abstract
Resveratrol, synthesized in dietary plants and contained in wine, has been reported to play a beneficial role in certain cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms and to inhibit carcinogenesis by activating immune and inflammatory responses and apoptosis. The object of this study was to elucidate the "in vitro" effects of different concentrations of resveratrol (10(-4), 10(-5), and 10(-7) M) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation and cytokine release. Spontaneous PBMC proliferation was unaffected by resveratrol, while the compound at 10(-4) M inhibited (69%) the PHA-stimulated PBMC proliferation. The proliferation stimulation index (ie, the ratio of PHA-stimulated PBMC proliferation/spontaneous PBMC proliferation) of cultures containing 10(-4) M resveratrol was very low in relation to the control, while the proliferation stimulation index values at 10(-5) and 10(-7) M were similar and slightly higher (without statistical significance), respectively. At 10(-4) M, resveratrol strongly inhibited PHA-stimulated IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha release from PBMC, but it did not cause inhibition at 10(-5) or 10(-7) M. The concomitant immune effects of resveratrol on PBMC proliferation and release of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha may be explained by an inhibitory effect on transcription factor NF-kappaB. This study suggests that resveratrol, which is typically present in red wine at about 10(-5) M, is unlikely to cause inhibitory immune effects. However, a stimulatory effect of low concentrations of resveratrol on the immune system cannot be excluded.
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- 2003
28. In vitro effects of vanadate on human immune functions.
- Author
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Di Gioacchino M, Sabbioni E, Di Giampaolo L, Schiavone C, Di Sciascio MB, Reale M, Nicola V, Qiao N, Paganelli R, Conti P, and Boscolo P
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- Adult, Biomarkers, CD3 Complex metabolism, CD4 Antigens metabolism, CD56 Antigen metabolism, CD8 Antigens metabolism, Cell Division drug effects, Cell Division immunology, Granulocytes drug effects, Granulocytes metabolism, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Interferon-gamma metabolism, Interleukin-5 metabolism, Leukocytes, Mononuclear immunology, Leukocytes, Mononuclear metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha metabolism, Leukocytes, Mononuclear drug effects, Vanadates pharmacology
- Abstract
Vanadium (V) is an element with wide industrial applications and environmental release. The object of this study was to determine the in vitro effects of high (10(-4) M) and low (10(-7) M) concentrations of sodium metavanadate (NaVO3) on cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation, cytokine release, CD expression, and granulocyte O2- production. At 10(-4) and 10(-7) M, NaVO3 did not modify PBMC proliferation in the absence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). On the other hand, 10(-4) M NaVO3 reduced by -25% the PBMC proliferation in PHA-stimulated cultures, with a significant reduction of the stimulation index (SI) of blastogenesis. Moreover, 10(-4 M NaVO3 significantly reduced the release of IFN-gamma by PHA-stimulated PBMCs, and 10(-7) M NaVO3 significantly enhanced the release of TNF-alpha. In addition, IL-5 release was significantly inhibited by high concentration of sodium metavanadate and significantly enhanced by low concentration of NaVO3. Neither 10(-4) nor 10(-7) M NaVO3 modified the expression of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, or CD56+ in PHA-stimulated and unstimulated lymphocytes. Finally, 10(-4) M NaVO3 reduced the granulocyte production of O2- by about 70%, while 10(-7) vanadate reduced its production to a lesser extent. These results show that 10(-4) M NaVO3 exerts inhibitory effects on PBMCs, while at 10(-7) M it exerts a stimulatory action with a slight shift of the immune response towards a Th2-type response. This investigation suggests that environmental V can have important effects on the human immune system.
- Published
- 2002
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