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1. Nanoformulation of the Broad-Spectrum Hydrophobic Antiviral Vacuolar ATPase Inhibitor Diphyllin in Human Recombinant H-ferritin

Author

Vojnikova M, Sukupova M, Stefanik M, Strakova P, Haviernik J, Kapolkova K, Gruberova E, Raskova K, Michalkova H, Svec P, Kudlickova MP, Huvarova I, Ruzek D, Salat J, Pekarik V, Eyer L, and Heger Z

Subjects
drug delivery, sars-cov-2, tbev, wnv, zika virus, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Michaela Vojnikova,1,2,* Martina Sukupova,1,3,* Michal Stefanik,1,4 Petra Strakova,3– 5 Jan Haviernik,4 Katerina Kapolkova,1 Eliska Gruberova,1 Klara Raskova,1 Hana Michalkova,1 Pavel Svec,1 Marie Peskova Kudlickova,1 Ivana Huvarova,4 Daniel Ruzek,3– 5 Jiri Salat,3– 5 Vladimir Pekarik,1 Ludek Eyer,3– 5 Zbynek Heger1 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic; 3Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 4Department of infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic; 5Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zbynek Heger, Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, CZ-613 00, Czech Republic, Tel +420-5-4513-3350, Fax +420-5-4521-2044, Email heger@mendelu.czBackground: As highlighted by recent pandemic outbreaks, antiviral drugs are crucial resources in the global battle against viral diseases. Unfortunately, most antiviral drugs are characterized by a plethora of side effects and low efficiency/poor bioavailability owing to their insolubility. This also applies to the arylnaphthalide lignin family member, diphyllin (Diph). Diph acts as a vacuolar ATPase inhibitor and has been previously identified as a promising candidate with broad-spectrum antiviral activity. However, its physicochemical properties preclude its efficient administration in vivo, complicating preclinical testing.Methods: We produced human recombinant H- ferritin (HsaFtH) and used it as a delivery vehicle for Diph encapsulation through pH-mediated reversible reassembly of HsaFtH. Diph nanoformulation was subsequently thoroughly characterized and tested for its non-target cytotoxicity and antiviral efficiency using a panel of pathogenic viral strain.Results: We revealed that loading into HsaFtH decreased the undesired cytotoxicity of Diph in mammalian host cells. We also confirmed that encapsulated Diph exhibited slightly lower antiviral activity than free Diph, which may be due to the differential uptake mechanism and kinetics of free Diph and Diph@HsaFtH. Furthermore, we confirmed that the antiviral effect was mediated solely by Diph with no contribution from HsaFtH.Conclusion: It was confirmed that HsaFtH is a suitable vehicle that allows easy loading of Diph and production of highly homogeneous nanoparticles dispersion with promising broad-spectrum antiviral activity.Keywords: drug delivery, SARS-CoV-2, TBEV, WNV, Zika virus

Published
2024

2. Coastal sea level monitoring in the Mediterranean and Black seas

Author

Pérez-Gómez, B, Viliblic, I, Sepic, J, Medugorac, I, Licer, M, Testud, L, Fraboul, C, Marcos, M, Abdelhaoui, H, alvarez-Fanjul, E, Barbalic, D, Casas, B, Castaño-Tierno, Antonio, Cupic, S, Drago, A, Fraile, MA, Galliano, D, Gauci, A, Gloginja B, Martin-Guijarro, V, Jeromel, M, Larrad-Revuelto, M, Lazar, A, Haktan Keskin, I, Medvedev, I, Menassri, A, Aïssa Meslem, M, Mihanovic, H, Morucci, S, Niculescu D, Quijano de Benito, JM, Pascual, P, Palazov A, Picone, M, Raicich, F, Said M, Salat, J, Sezen E, Simav M, Sylaios G, Tel, Elena, Tintore, J, Zaimi, K, Zodiatis G, Pérez-Gómez, B, Viliblic, I, Sepic, J, Medugorac, I, Licer, M, Testud, L, Fraboul, C, Marcos, M, Abdelhaoui, H, alvarez-Fanjul, E, Barbalic, D, Casas, B, Castaño-Tierno, Antonio, Cupic, S, Drago, A, Fraile, MA, Galliano, D, Gauci, A, Gloginja B, Martin-Guijarro, V, Jeromel, M, Larrad-Revuelto, M, Lazar, A, Haktan Keskin, I, Medvedev, I, Menassri, A, Aïssa Meslem, M, Mihanovic, H, Morucci, S, Niculescu D, Quijano de Benito, JM, Pascual, P, Palazov A, Picone, M, Raicich, F, Said M, Salat, J, Sezen E, Simav M, Sylaios G, Tel, Elena, Tintore, J, Zaimi, K, and Zodiatis G

Abstract

Employed for over a century, the traditional way of monitoring sea level variability by tide gauges – in combination with modern observational techniques like satellite altimetry – is an inevitable ingredient in sea level studies over the climate scales and in coastal seas. The development of the instrumentation, remote data acquisition, processing, and archiving in the last decades has allowed the extension of the applications to a variety of users and coastal hazard managers. The Mediterranean and Black seas are examples of such a transition – while having a long tradition of sea level observations with several records spanning over a century, the number of modern tide gauge stations is growing rapidly, with data available both in real time and as a research product at different time resolutions. As no comprehensive survey of the tide gauge networks has been carried out recently in these basins, the aim of this paper is to map the existing coastal sea level monitoring infrastructures and the respective data availability. The survey encompasses a description of major monitoring networks in the Mediterranean and Black seas and their characteristics, including the type of sea level sensors, measuring resolutions, data availability, and existence of ancillary measurements, altogether collecting information about 240 presently operational tide gauge stations. The availability of the Mediterranean and Black seas sea level data in the global and European sea level repositories has been also screened and classified following their sampling interval and level of quality check, pointing to the necessity of harmonization of the data available with different metadata and series in different repositories. Finally, an assessment of the networks' capabilities for their use in different sea level applications has been done, with recommendations that might mitigate the bottlenecks and ensure further development of the networks in a coordinated way, a critical need in the era of hu

Published
2022

3. Dynamics of phytoplankton groups in three contrasting situations of the open NW Mediterranean Sea revealed by pigment, microscopy, and flow cytometry analyses

Author

Latasa, Mikel, Scharek, Renate, Morán, Xosé Ánxelu Gutiérrez, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Andrés, Emilianov, M., Salat, J., Vidal, M., Estrada, M., Latasa, Mikel, Scharek, Renate, Morán, Xosé Ánxelu Gutiérrez, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Andrés, Emilianov, M., Salat, J., Vidal, M., and Estrada, M.

Abstract

A detailed study of phytoplankton composition and dynamics was carried out during three contrasting situations (cruises F1, F2, and F3) in the northwestern (NW) Mediterranean Sea. Haptophytes, diatoms, and green algae dominated in F1, during the spring bloom, with high nutrients and high phytoplankton biomass. In F2, the post-bloom situation with a still weak stratification and lower nutrient concentrations, we found a high spatial variability. Stations were clearly dominated by either Synechococcus, haptophytes or cryptophytes; with Synechococcus reaching the highest abundance (4 × 105 cells mL−1, 60% of the integrated chlorophyll a) reported to date for the open Mediterranean Sea. Cryptophytes accumulated close to the surface in very shallow mixed layer stations. In late summer, F3 revealed a fully developed stratification with low nutrients and a marked deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM). Prochlorococcus was present only during this cruise, mainly in deep layers together with haptophytes and pelagophytes, while haptophytes and Synechococcus dominated the upper mixed layer. Flow cytometry (FCM) and pigment-based abundance estimates for Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus and cryptophytes were well correlated, as happened also between small picoeukaryotes (FCM) and green algae (pigments), and between large picoeukaryotes (FCM) and haptophytes (pigments). Dinoflagellate abundance by microscopy and by pigments did not agree well, probably due to the presence of heterotrophic forms or because they contained pigments other than peridinin, the standard dinoflagellate marker. The decrease in size of the FCM large picoeukaryotes group with depth was presumably related to the increasing contribution of pelagophytes, with smaller cells than haptophytes, the other main component of this fraction. Cell size increase of Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus with depth suggests vertical segregation of genotypes or photoadaptation. The groups' ecological preferences are presented with respec

Published
2022

4. 2020 taxonomic update for phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales

Author

Kuhn, J, Adkins, S, Alioto, D, Alkhovsky, S, Amarasinghe, G, Anthony, S, Avsic-Aupanc, T, Ayllon, M, Bahl, J, Balkema-Buschmann, A, Ballinger, M, Bartonicka, T, Basler, C, Bavari, S, Beer, M, Bente, D, Bergeron, E, Bird, B, Blair, C, Blasdell, K, Bradfute, S, Breyta, R, Briese, T, Brown, P, Buchholz, U, Buchmeier, M, Bukreyev, A, Burt, F, Buzkan, N, Calisher, C, Cao, M, Casas, I, Chamberlain, J, Chandran, K, Charrel, R, Chen, B, Chiumenti, M, Choi, I, Clegg, J, Crozier, I, da Graca, J, Dal Bo, E, Davila, A, de la Torre, J, de Lamballerie, X, de Swart, R, Di Bello, P, Di Paola, N, Di Serio, F, Dietzgen, R, Digiaro, M, Dolja, V, Dolnik, O, Drebot, M, Drexler, J, Durrwald, R, Dufkova, L, Dundon, W, Duprex, W, Dye, J, Easton, A, Ebihara, H, Elbeaino, T, Ergunay, K, Fernandes, J, Fooks, A, Formenty, P, Forth, L, Fouchier, R, Freitas-Astua, J, Gago-Zachert, S, Gao, G, Garcia, M, Garcia-Sastre, A, Garrison, A, Gbakima, A, Goldstein, T, Gonzalez, J, Griffiths, A, Groschup, M, Gunther, S, Guterres, A, Hall, R, Hammond, J, Hassan, M, Hepojoki, J, Hepojoki, S, Hetzel, U, Hewson, R, Hoffmann, B, Hongo, S, Hoper, D, Horie, M, Hughes, H, Hyndman, T, Jambai, A, Jardim, R, Jiang, D, Jin, Q, Jonson, G, Junglen, S, Karadag, S, Keller, K, Klempa, B, Klingstrom, J, Kobinger, G, Kondo, H, Koonin, E, Krupovic, M, Kurath, G, Kuzmin, I, Laenen, L, Lamb, R, Lambert, A, Langevin, S, Lee, B, Lemos, E, Leroy, E, Li, D, Li, J, Liang, M, Liu, W, Liu, Y, Lukashevich, I, Maes, P, de Souza, W, Marklewitz, M, Marshall, S, Martelli, G, Martin, R, Marzano, S, Massart, S, Mccauley, J, Mielke-Ehret, N, Minafra, A, Minutolo, M, Mirazimi, A, Muhlbach, H, Muhlberger, E, Naidu, R, Natsuaki, T, Navarro, B, Navarro, J, Netesov, S, Neumann, G, Nowotny, N, Nunes, M, Nylund, A, Okland, A, Oliveira, R, Palacios, G, Pallas, V, Palyi, B, Papa, A, Parrish, C, Pauvolid-Correa, A, Paweska, J, Payne, S, Perez, D, Pfaff, F, Radoshitzky, S, Aziz-ul, R, Ramos-Gonzalez, P, Resende, R, Reyes, C, Rima, B, Romanowski, V, Luna, G, Rota, P, Rubbenstroth, D, Runstadler, J, Ruzek, D, Sabanadzovic, S, Salat, J, Sall, A, Salvato, M, Sarpkaya, K, Sasaya, T, Schwemmle, M, Shabbir, M, Shi, X, Shi, Z, Shirako, Y, Simmonds, P, Sirmarovaa, J, Sironi, M, Smither, S, Smura, T, Song, J, Spann, K, Spengler, J, Stenglein, M, Stone, D, Strakova, P, Takada, A, Tesh, R, Thornburg, N, Tomonaga, K, Tordo, N, Towner, J, Turina, M, Tzanetakis, I, Ulrich, R, Vaira, A, van den Hoogen, B, Varsani, A, Vasilakis, N, Verbeek, M, Wahl, V, Walker, P, Wang, H, Wang, J, Wang, X, Wang, L, Wei, T, Wells, H, Whitfield, A, Williams, J, Wolf, Y, Wu, Z, Yang, X, Yu, X, Yutin, N, Zerbini, F, Zhang, T, Zhang, Y, Zhou, G, Zhou, X, Kuhn JH, Adkins S, Alioto D, Alkhovsky SV, Amarasinghe GK, Anthony SJ, Avsic-Aupanc T, Ayllon MA, Bahl J, Balkema-Buschmann A, Ballinger MJ, Bartonicka T, Basler C, Bavari S, Beer M, Bente DA, Bergeron E, Bird BH, Blair C, Blasdell KR, Bradfute SB, Breyta R, Briese T, Brown PA, Buchholz UJ, Buchmeier MJ, Bukreyev A, Burt F, Buzkan N, Calisher CH, Cao MJ, Casas I, Chamberlain J, Chandran K, Charrel RN, Chen B, Chiumenti M, Choi I, Clegg JCS, Crozier I, da Graca JV, Dal Bo E, Davila AMR, de la Torre JC, de Lamballerie X, de Swart RL, Di Bello PL, Di Paola N, Di Serio F, Dietzgen RG, Digiaro M, Dolja VV, Dolnik O, Drebot MA, Drexler JF, Durrwald R, Dufkova L, Dundon WG, Duprex WP, Dye JM, Easton AJ, Ebihara H, Elbeaino T, Ergunay K, Fernandes J, Fooks AR, Formenty PBH, Forth LF, Fouchier RAM, Freitas-Astua J, Gago-Zachert S, Gao GF, Garcia ML, Garcia-Sastre A, Garrison AR, Gbakima A, Goldstein T, Gonzalez JPJ, Griffiths A, Groschup MH, Gunther S, Guterres A, Hall RA, Hammond J, Hassan M, Hepojoki J, Hepojoki S, Hetzel U, Hewson R, Hoffmann B, Hongo S, Hoper D, Horie M, Hughes HR, Hyndman TH, Jambai A, Jardim R, Jiang DH, Jin Q, Jonson GB, Junglen S, Karadag S, Keller KE, Klempa B, Klingstrom J, Kobinger G, Kondo H, Koonin EV, Krupovic M, Kurath G, Kuzmin IV, Laenen L, Lamb RA, Lambert AJ, Langevin SL, Lee BH, Lemos ERS, Leroy EM, Li DX, Li JR, Liang MF, Liu WW, Liu Y, Lukashevich IS, Maes P, de Souza WM, Marklewitz M, Marshall SH, Martelli GP, Martin RR, Marzano SYL, Massart S, McCauley JW, Mielke-Ehret N, Minafra A, Minutolo M, Mirazimi A, Muhlbach HP, Muhlberger E, Naidu R, Natsuaki T, Navarro B, Navarro JA, Netesov SV, Neumann G, Nowotny N, Nunes MRT, Nylund A, Okland AL, Oliveira RC, Palacios G, Pallas V, Palyi B, Papa A, Parrish CR, Pauvolid-Correa A, Paweska JT, Payne S, Perez DR, Pfaff F, Radoshitzky SR, Aziz-ul Rahman, Ramos-Gonzalez PL, Resende RO, Reyes CA, Rima BK, Romanowski V, Luna GR, Rota P, Rubbenstroth D, Runstadler JA, Ruzek D, Sabanadzovic S, Salat J, Sall AA, Salvato MS, Sarpkaya K, Sasaya T, Schwemmle M, Shabbir MZ, Shi XH, Shi ZL, Shirako Y, Simmonds P, Sirmarovaa J, Sironi M, Smither S, Smura T, Song JW, Spann KM, Spengler JR, Stenglein MD, Stone DM, Strakova P, Takada A, Tesh RB, Thornburg NJ, Tomonaga K, Tordo N, Towner JS, Turina M, Tzanetakis I, Ulrich RG, Vaira AM, van den Hoogen B, Varsani A, Vasilakis N, Verbeek M, Wahl V, Walker PJ, Wang H, Wang JW, Wang XF, Wang LF, Wei TY, Wells H, Whitfield AE, Williams JV, Wolf YI, Wu ZQ, Yang X, Yu XJ, Yutin N, Zerbini FM, Zhang T, Zhang YZ, Zhou GH, Zhou XP, Kuhn, J, Adkins, S, Alioto, D, Alkhovsky, S, Amarasinghe, G, Anthony, S, Avsic-Aupanc, T, Ayllon, M, Bahl, J, Balkema-Buschmann, A, Ballinger, M, Bartonicka, T, Basler, C, Bavari, S, Beer, M, Bente, D, Bergeron, E, Bird, B, Blair, C, Blasdell, K, Bradfute, S, Breyta, R, Briese, T, Brown, P, Buchholz, U, Buchmeier, M, Bukreyev, A, Burt, F, Buzkan, N, Calisher, C, Cao, M, Casas, I, Chamberlain, J, Chandran, K, Charrel, R, Chen, B, Chiumenti, M, Choi, I, Clegg, J, Crozier, I, da Graca, J, Dal Bo, E, Davila, A, de la Torre, J, de Lamballerie, X, de Swart, R, Di Bello, P, Di Paola, N, Di Serio, F, Dietzgen, R, Digiaro, M, Dolja, V, Dolnik, O, Drebot, M, Drexler, J, Durrwald, R, Dufkova, L, Dundon, W, Duprex, W, Dye, J, Easton, A, Ebihara, H, Elbeaino, T, Ergunay, K, Fernandes, J, Fooks, A, Formenty, P, Forth, L, Fouchier, R, Freitas-Astua, J, Gago-Zachert, S, Gao, G, Garcia, M, Garcia-Sastre, A, Garrison, A, Gbakima, A, Goldstein, T, Gonzalez, J, Griffiths, A, Groschup, M, Gunther, S, Guterres, A, Hall, R, Hammond, J, Hassan, M, Hepojoki, J, Hepojoki, S, Hetzel, U, Hewson, R, Hoffmann, B, Hongo, S, Hoper, D, Horie, M, Hughes, H, Hyndman, T, Jambai, A, Jardim, R, Jiang, D, Jin, Q, Jonson, G, Junglen, S, Karadag, S, Keller, K, Klempa, B, Klingstrom, J, Kobinger, G, Kondo, H, Koonin, E, Krupovic, M, Kurath, G, Kuzmin, I, Laenen, L, Lamb, R, Lambert, A, Langevin, S, Lee, B, Lemos, E, Leroy, E, Li, D, Li, J, Liang, M, Liu, W, Liu, Y, Lukashevich, I, Maes, P, de Souza, W, Marklewitz, M, Marshall, S, Martelli, G, Martin, R, Marzano, S, Massart, S, Mccauley, J, Mielke-Ehret, N, Minafra, A, Minutolo, M, Mirazimi, A, Muhlbach, H, Muhlberger, E, Naidu, R, Natsuaki, T, Navarro, B, Navarro, J, Netesov, S, Neumann, G, Nowotny, N, Nunes, M, Nylund, A, Okland, A, Oliveira, R, Palacios, G, Pallas, V, Palyi, B, Papa, A, Parrish, C, Pauvolid-Correa, A, Paweska, J, Payne, S, Perez, D, Pfaff, F, Radoshitzky, S, Aziz-ul, R, Ramos-Gonzalez, P, Resende, R, Reyes, C, Rima, B, Romanowski, V, Luna, G, Rota, P, Rubbenstroth, D, Runstadler, J, Ruzek, D, Sabanadzovic, S, Salat, J, Sall, A, Salvato, M, Sarpkaya, K, Sasaya, T, Schwemmle, M, Shabbir, M, Shi, X, Shi, Z, Shirako, Y, Simmonds, P, Sirmarovaa, J, Sironi, M, Smither, S, Smura, T, Song, J, Spann, K, Spengler, J, Stenglein, M, Stone, D, Strakova, P, Takada, A, Tesh, R, Thornburg, N, Tomonaga, K, Tordo, N, Towner, J, Turina, M, Tzanetakis, I, Ulrich, R, Vaira, A, van den Hoogen, B, Varsani, A, Vasilakis, N, Verbeek, M, Wahl, V, Walker, P, Wang, H, Wang, J, Wang, X, Wang, L, Wei, T, Wells, H, Whitfield, A, Williams, J, Wolf, Y, Wu, Z, Yang, X, Yu, X, Yutin, N, Zerbini, F, Zhang, T, Zhang, Y, Zhou, G, Zhou, X, Kuhn JH, Adkins S, Alioto D, Alkhovsky SV, Amarasinghe GK, Anthony SJ, Avsic-Aupanc T, Ayllon MA, Bahl J, Balkema-Buschmann A, Ballinger MJ, Bartonicka T, Basler C, Bavari S, Beer M, Bente DA, Bergeron E, Bird BH, Blair C, Blasdell KR, Bradfute SB, Breyta R, Briese T, Brown PA, Buchholz UJ, Buchmeier MJ, Bukreyev A, Burt F, Buzkan N, Calisher CH, Cao MJ, Casas I, Chamberlain J, Chandran K, Charrel RN, Chen B, Chiumenti M, Choi I, Clegg JCS, Crozier I, da Graca JV, Dal Bo E, Davila AMR, de la Torre JC, de Lamballerie X, de Swart RL, Di Bello PL, Di Paola N, Di Serio F, Dietzgen RG, Digiaro M, Dolja VV, Dolnik O, Drebot MA, Drexler JF, Durrwald R, Dufkova L, Dundon WG, Duprex WP, Dye JM, Easton AJ, Ebihara H, Elbeaino T, Ergunay K, Fernandes J, Fooks AR, Formenty PBH, Forth LF, Fouchier RAM, Freitas-Astua J, Gago-Zachert S, Gao GF, Garcia ML, Garcia-Sastre A, Garrison AR, Gbakima A, Goldstein T, Gonzalez JPJ, Griffiths A, Groschup MH, Gunther S, Guterres A, Hall RA, Hammond J, Hassan M, Hepojoki J, Hepojoki S, Hetzel U, Hewson R, Hoffmann B, Hongo S, Hoper D, Horie M, Hughes HR, Hyndman TH, Jambai A, Jardim R, Jiang DH, Jin Q, Jonson GB, Junglen S, Karadag S, Keller KE, Klempa B, Klingstrom J, Kobinger G, Kondo H, Koonin EV, Krupovic M, Kurath G, Kuzmin IV, Laenen L, Lamb RA, Lambert AJ, Langevin SL, Lee BH, Lemos ERS, Leroy EM, Li DX, Li JR, Liang MF, Liu WW, Liu Y, Lukashevich IS, Maes P, de Souza WM, Marklewitz M, Marshall SH, Martelli GP, Martin RR, Marzano SYL, Massart S, McCauley JW, Mielke-Ehret N, Minafra A, Minutolo M, Mirazimi A, Muhlbach HP, Muhlberger E, Naidu R, Natsuaki T, Navarro B, Navarro JA, Netesov SV, Neumann G, Nowotny N, Nunes MRT, Nylund A, Okland AL, Oliveira RC, Palacios G, Pallas V, Palyi B, Papa A, Parrish CR, Pauvolid-Correa A, Paweska JT, Payne S, Perez DR, Pfaff F, Radoshitzky SR, Aziz-ul Rahman, Ramos-Gonzalez PL, Resende RO, Reyes CA, Rima BK, Romanowski V, Luna GR, Rota P, Rubbenstroth D, Runstadler JA, Ruzek D, Sabanadzovic S, Salat J, Sall AA, Salvato MS, Sarpkaya K, Sasaya T, Schwemmle M, Shabbir MZ, Shi XH, Shi ZL, Shirako Y, Simmonds P, Sirmarovaa J, Sironi M, Smither S, Smura T, Song JW, Spann KM, Spengler JR, Stenglein MD, Stone DM, Strakova P, Takada A, Tesh RB, Thornburg NJ, Tomonaga K, Tordo N, Towner JS, Turina M, Tzanetakis I, Ulrich RG, Vaira AM, van den Hoogen B, Varsani A, Vasilakis N, Verbeek M, Wahl V, Walker PJ, Wang H, Wang JW, Wang XF, Wang LF, Wei TY, Wells H, Whitfield AE, Williams JV, Wolf YI, Wu ZQ, Yang X, Yu XJ, Yutin N, Zerbini FM, Zhang T, Zhang YZ, Zhou GH, and Zhou XP

Abstract

In March 2020, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. At the genus rank, 20 new genera were added, two were deleted, one was moved, and three were renamed. At the species rank, 160 species were added, four were deleted, ten were moved and renamed, and 30 species were renamed. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV.

Published
2020

5. 2014-2021, 8 Years Without Bottom-Reaching Deep Water Formation in the Western Mediterranean. Probably, the Longest Known Period

Author

Salat, J. (Jordi), Piñeiro, S. (Safo), Balbín, R. (Rosa), Puig, P. (Pere), Flexas, M.M. (María del Mar), and Sabatés, A. (Ana)

Subjects
stratification, Deep Water Formation, Western Mediterranean Transition, Recent years, Mediterranean, bottom water, Deep water
Abstract

VI Expanding Ocean Frontiers Conference (EOF 2021), 5-7 July 2021, Deep Water Formation (DWF) appeared almost regularly every year, during central winter months, in an area located offshore the Gulf of Lions in the NW Mediterranean Sea. Since the early 1960s, the processes involved in the DWF have been monitored, more or less intensively by regular hydrographic surveys or by moored instruments. It is worth noting the international efforts carried out in late 60s-early 70s by the so-called MEDOC Group to obtain a quite precise description of the whole process. Although the intensity of the DWF, as well as the amount of the newly formed Western Mediterranean Deep Water (WMDW), have shown high interanual variability, those years when the DWF was absent were exceptional, e.g. 1990, and those not reaching the bottom were scarce, e.g. 1997. Typically, they were years with almost no cold northerly winds during winter. By contrast, in some years the amount of newly formed WMDW was exceptional, e.g. 1987, and in some cases, an extra amount of this water came from dense shelf cascading, e.g. 1999. Moreover, in some years, the so-called variable Bottom Water, a slightly warm and salty layer, appeared near the bottom. [...], Most of data has been acquired under the Projects: ATHAPOC and WINFISH, funded by the Spanish “Plan Nacional de I+D+I”, RADMED, funded by the “Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO)” and HYDROCHANGES sponsored by the CIESM and funded by the Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC) and the IEO

Published
2021

6. 2020 taxonomic update for phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales

Author

Kuhn, J.H., Adkins, S., Alioto, D., Alkhovsky, S.V., Amarasinghe, G.K., Anthony, S.J., Avšič-Županc, T., Ayllón, M.A., Bahl, J., Balkema-Buschmann, A., Ballinger, M.J., Bartonička, T., Basler, C., Bavari, S., Beer, M., Bente, D.A., Bergeron, É., Bird, B.H., Blair, C., Blasdell, K.R., Bradfute, S.B., Breyta, R., Briese, T., Brown, P.A., Buchholz, U.J., Buchmeier, M.J., Bukreyev, A., Burt, F., Buzkan, N., Calisher, C.H., Cao, M., Casas, I., Chamberlain, J., Chandran, K., Charrel, R.N., Chen, B., Chiumenti, M., Choi, I-R, Clegg, J.C.S., Crozier, I., da Graça, J.V., Dal Bó, E., Dávila, A.M.R., de la Torre, J.C., de Lamballerie, X., de Swart, R.L., Di Bello, P.L., Di Paola, N., Di Serio, F., Dietzgen, R.G., Digiaro, M., Dolja, V.V., Dolnik, O., Drebot, M.A., Drexler, J.F., Dürrwald, R., Dufkova, L., Dundon, W.G., Duprex, W.P., Dye, J.M., Easton, A.J., Ebihara, H., Elbeaino, T., Ergünay, K., Fernandes, J., Fooks, A.R., Formenty, P.B.H., Forth, L.F., Fouchier, R.A.M., Freitas-Astúa, J., Gago-Zachert, S., Gāo, G.F., García, M.L., García-Sastre, A., Garrison, A.R., Gbakima, A., Goldstein, T., Gonzalez, J-P.J., Griffiths, A., Groschup, M.H., Günther, S., Guterres, A., Hall, R.A., Hammond, J., Hassan, M., Hepojoki, J., Hepojoki, S., Hetzel, U., Hewson, R., Hoffmann, B., Hongo, S., Höper, D., Horie, M., Hughes, H.R., Hyndman, T.H., Jambai, A., Jardim, R., Jiāng, D., Jin, Q., Jonson, G.B., Junglen, S., Karadağ, S., Keller, K.E., Klempa, B., Klingström, J., Kobinger, G., Kondō, H., Koonin, E.V., Krupovic, M., Kurath, G., Kuzmin, I.V., Laenen, L., Lamb, R.A., Lambert, A.J., Langevin, S.L., Lee, B., Lemos, E.R.S., Leroy, E.M., Li, D., Lǐ, J., Liang, M., Liú, W., Liú, Y., Lukashevich, I.S., Maes, P., Marciel de Souza, W., Marklewitz, M., Marshall, S.H., Martelli, G.P., Martin, R.R., Marzano, S-Y.L., Massart, S., McCauley, J.W., Mielke-Ehret, N., Minafra, A., Minutolo, M., Mirazimi, A., Mühlbach, H-P, Mühlberger, E., Naidu, R., Natsuaki, T., Navarro, B., Navarro, J.A., Netesov, S.V., Neumann, G., Nowotny, N., Nunes, M.R.T., Nylund, A., Økland, A.L., Oliveira, R.C., Palacios, G., Pallas, V., Pályi, B., Papa, A., Parrish, C.R., Pauvolid-Corrêa, A., Pawęska, J.T., Payne, S., Perez, D.R., Pfaff, F., Radoshitzky, S.R., Rahman, A-U, Ramos-González, P.L., Resende, R.O., Reyes, C.A., Rima, B.K., Romanowski, V., Robles Luna, G., Rota, P., Rubbenstroth, D., Runstadler, J.A., Ruzek, D., Sabanadzovic, S., Salat, J., Sall, A.A., Salvato, M.S., Sarpkaya, K., Sasaya, T., Schwemmle, M., Shabbir, M.Z., Shí, X., Shí, Z., Shirako, Y., Simmonds, P., Širmarová, J., Sironi, M., Smither, S., Smura, T., Song, J-W, Spann, K.M., Spengler, J.R., Stenglein, M.D., Stone, D.M., Straková, P., Takada, A., Tesh, R.B., Thornburg, N.J., Tomonaga, K., Tordo, N., Towner, J.S., Turina, M., Tzanetakis, I., Ulrich, R.G., Vaira, A.M., van den Hoogen, B., Varsani, A., Vasilakis, N., Verbeek, M., Wahl, V., Walker, P.J., Wang, H., Wang, J., Wang, X., Wang, L-F, Wèi, T., Wells, H., Whitfield, A.E., Williams, J.V., Wolf, Y.I., Wú, Z., Yang, X., Yáng, X., Yu, X., Yutin, N., Zerbini, F.M., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y-Z, Zhou, G., Zhou, X., Kuhn, J.H., Adkins, S., Alioto, D., Alkhovsky, S.V., Amarasinghe, G.K., Anthony, S.J., Avšič-Županc, T., Ayllón, M.A., Bahl, J., Balkema-Buschmann, A., Ballinger, M.J., Bartonička, T., Basler, C., Bavari, S., Beer, M., Bente, D.A., Bergeron, É., Bird, B.H., Blair, C., Blasdell, K.R., Bradfute, S.B., Breyta, R., Briese, T., Brown, P.A., Buchholz, U.J., Buchmeier, M.J., Bukreyev, A., Burt, F., Buzkan, N., Calisher, C.H., Cao, M., Casas, I., Chamberlain, J., Chandran, K., Charrel, R.N., Chen, B., Chiumenti, M., Choi, I-R, Clegg, J.C.S., Crozier, I., da Graça, J.V., Dal Bó, E., Dávila, A.M.R., de la Torre, J.C., de Lamballerie, X., de Swart, R.L., Di Bello, P.L., Di Paola, N., Di Serio, F., Dietzgen, R.G., Digiaro, M., Dolja, V.V., Dolnik, O., Drebot, M.A., Drexler, J.F., Dürrwald, R., Dufkova, L., Dundon, W.G., Duprex, W.P., Dye, J.M., Easton, A.J., Ebihara, H., Elbeaino, T., Ergünay, K., Fernandes, J., Fooks, A.R., Formenty, P.B.H., Forth, L.F., Fouchier, R.A.M., Freitas-Astúa, J., Gago-Zachert, S., Gāo, G.F., García, M.L., García-Sastre, A., Garrison, A.R., Gbakima, A., Goldstein, T., Gonzalez, J-P.J., Griffiths, A., Groschup, M.H., Günther, S., Guterres, A., Hall, R.A., Hammond, J., Hassan, M., Hepojoki, J., Hepojoki, S., Hetzel, U., Hewson, R., Hoffmann, B., Hongo, S., Höper, D., Horie, M., Hughes, H.R., Hyndman, T.H., Jambai, A., Jardim, R., Jiāng, D., Jin, Q., Jonson, G.B., Junglen, S., Karadağ, S., Keller, K.E., Klempa, B., Klingström, J., Kobinger, G., Kondō, H., Koonin, E.V., Krupovic, M., Kurath, G., Kuzmin, I.V., Laenen, L., Lamb, R.A., Lambert, A.J., Langevin, S.L., Lee, B., Lemos, E.R.S., Leroy, E.M., Li, D., Lǐ, J., Liang, M., Liú, W., Liú, Y., Lukashevich, I.S., Maes, P., Marciel de Souza, W., Marklewitz, M., Marshall, S.H., Martelli, G.P., Martin, R.R., Marzano, S-Y.L., Massart, S., McCauley, J.W., Mielke-Ehret, N., Minafra, A., Minutolo, M., Mirazimi, A., Mühlbach, H-P, Mühlberger, E., Naidu, R., Natsuaki, T., Navarro, B., Navarro, J.A., Netesov, S.V., Neumann, G., Nowotny, N., Nunes, M.R.T., Nylund, A., Økland, A.L., Oliveira, R.C., Palacios, G., Pallas, V., Pályi, B., Papa, A., Parrish, C.R., Pauvolid-Corrêa, A., Pawęska, J.T., Payne, S., Perez, D.R., Pfaff, F., Radoshitzky, S.R., Rahman, A-U, Ramos-González, P.L., Resende, R.O., Reyes, C.A., Rima, B.K., Romanowski, V., Robles Luna, G., Rota, P., Rubbenstroth, D., Runstadler, J.A., Ruzek, D., Sabanadzovic, S., Salat, J., Sall, A.A., Salvato, M.S., Sarpkaya, K., Sasaya, T., Schwemmle, M., Shabbir, M.Z., Shí, X., Shí, Z., Shirako, Y., Simmonds, P., Širmarová, J., Sironi, M., Smither, S., Smura, T., Song, J-W, Spann, K.M., Spengler, J.R., Stenglein, M.D., Stone, D.M., Straková, P., Takada, A., Tesh, R.B., Thornburg, N.J., Tomonaga, K., Tordo, N., Towner, J.S., Turina, M., Tzanetakis, I., Ulrich, R.G., Vaira, A.M., van den Hoogen, B., Varsani, A., Vasilakis, N., Verbeek, M., Wahl, V., Walker, P.J., Wang, H., Wang, J., Wang, X., Wang, L-F, Wèi, T., Wells, H., Whitfield, A.E., Williams, J.V., Wolf, Y.I., Wú, Z., Yang, X., Yáng, X., Yu, X., Yutin, N., Zerbini, F.M., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y-Z, Zhou, G., and Zhou, X.

Abstract

In March 2020, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. At the genus rank, 20 new genera were added, two were deleted, one was moved, and three were renamed. At the species rank, 160 species were added, four were deleted, ten were moved and renamed, and 30 species were renamed. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV.

Published
2020

7. The present state of marine ecosystems in the Spanish Mediterranean in a Climate Change context

Author

Vargas-Yáñez, M. (Manuel), García-Martínez, M.C. (María del Carmen), Moya-Ruiz, F. (Francisca), López-Jurado, J.L. (José Luis), Serra-Tur, M. (Mariano), Santiago, R. (Rocío), Balbín, R. (Rosa), Salat, J. (Jordi), Pascual, J. (Josep), Ramírez-Cárdenas, T. (Teodoro), Tel, E. (Elena), Jiménez, M.P. (María Paz), Reul, A., and Parrilla-Barrera, G. (Gregorio)

Abstract

Multidisciplinary time series generated by the monitoring programs supported by the Spanish Institute for Oceanography (IEO, Instituto Español de Oceanografía) in the Spanish Mediterranean Waters are analyzed. These time series extend from 1992 in some cases, whereas in others they started in 2007 when the different monitoring programs funded by IEO were merged in the current project RADMED. These time series are used to describe the average values and ranges of variability of different variables that could be useful for describing the environmental state of the Spanish Mediterranean waters. Such analyses and statistics are provided as tables that could be used as a reference for future research work or for management purposes.Data from the IEO monitoring programs are complemented with meteorological information from the Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET, Agencia Estatal de Meteorología), satellite data from the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency) and l’Estartit oceanographic and meteorological station, operated by Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM/CSIC).Besides the description of the current environmental state of the Spanish Mediterranean marine ecosystems, an analysis of long term trends is carried out, assessing the possible changes associated to Climate Change

Published
2019

9. Progress in Detection and Projection of Climate Change in Spain since the 2010 CLIVAR-Spain regional climate change assessment report

Author

Sánchez, E., Rodríguez-Fonseca, B., Bladé, Ileana, Brunet India, Manuela C., Aznar, R., Cacho Lascorz, Isabel, Casado, M.J., Gimeno, L., Gutiérrez, J.M., Jordá, G., Lavín, A., López, J.A., Salat, J., and Valero-Garcés, B.L.

Subjects
Spain, Canvi climàtic, Espanya, Climatic change
Abstract

The Iberian Peninsula region offers a challenging benchmark for climate variability studies for several reasons. It exhibits a wide variety of climatic regimes, ranging from wet Atlantic climates with annual precipitation around 2000 mm, to extensive semiarid regions with severe hydrological stress, to even cold alpine environments in some isolated areas.

Published
2017

10. Updating temperature and salinity mean values and trends in the Western Mediterranean: The RADMED project

Author

Vargas-yanez, M., Garcia-martinez, M. C., Moya, F., Balbin, R., Lopez-jurado, J. L., Serra, M., Zunino Rodriguez, Patricia, Pascual, J., Salat, J., Vargas-yanez, M., Garcia-martinez, M. C., Moya, F., Balbin, R., Lopez-jurado, J. L., Serra, M., Zunino Rodriguez, Patricia, Pascual, J., and Salat, J.

Abstract

The RADMED project is devoted to the implementation and maintenance of a multidisciplinary monitoring system around the Spanish Mediterranean waters. This observing system is based on periodic multidisciplinary cruises covering the coastal waters, continental shelf and slope waters and some deep stations (>2000 m) from the Westernmost Alboran Sea to Barcelona in the Catalan Sea, including the Balearic Islands. This project was launched in 2007 unifying and extending some previous monitoring projects which had a more reduced geographical coverage. Some of the time series currently available extend from 1992, while the more recent ones were initiated in 2007. The present work updates the available time series up to 2015 (included) and shows the capability of these time series for two main purposes: the calculation of mean values for the properties of main water masses around the Spanish Mediterranean, and the study of the interannual and decadal variability of such properties. The data set provided by the RADMED project has been merged with historical data from the MEDAR/MEDATLAS data base for the calculation of temperature and salinity trends from 1900 to 2015. The analysis of these time series shows that the intermediate and deep layers of the Western Mediterranean have increased their temperature and salinity with an acceleration of the warming and salting trends from 1943. Trends for the heat absorbed by the water column for the 1943–2015 period, range between 0.2 and 0.6 W/m2 depending on the used methodology. The temperature and salinity trends for the same period and for the intermediate layer are 0.002 °C/yr and 0.001 yr−1 respectively. Deep layers warmed and increased their salinity at a rate of 0.004 °C/yr and 0.001 yr−1.

Published
2017
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11. The Mediterranean Sea heat and mass budgets: Estimates, uncertainties and perspectives

Author

Jordà, G., Von Schuckmann, K., Josey, S.A., Caniaux, G., García-Lafuente, J., Sammartino, S., Özsoy, E., Polcher, J., Notarstefano, G., Poulain, P.-M., Adloff, F., Salat, J., Naranjo, C., Schroeder, K., Chiggiato, J., Sannino, G., Macías, D., Jordà, G., Von Schuckmann, K., Josey, S.A., Caniaux, G., García-Lafuente, J., Sammartino, S., Özsoy, E., Polcher, J., Notarstefano, G., Poulain, P.-M., Adloff, F., Salat, J., Naranjo, C., Schroeder, K., Chiggiato, J., Sannino, G., and Macías, D.

Abstract

This paper presents a review of the state-of-the-art in understanding and quantification of the Mediterranean heat and mass (i.e. salt and water) budgets. The budgets are decomposed into a basin averaged surface component, lateral boundary components (through the Gibraltar and the Dardanelles Straits), a river input component and a content change component. An assessment of the different methods and observational products that have been used to quantify each of these components is presented. The values for the long term average of each component are also updated based on existing literature and a first estimate of heat fluxes associated with the riverine input has been produced. Special emphasis is put on the characterization of associated uncertainties and proposals for advancing current knowledge are presented for each budget component. With the present knowledge of the different components, the Mediterranean budgets can be closed within the range of uncertainty. However, the uncertainty range remains relatively high for several terms, particularly the basin averaged surface heat fluxes. Consequently, the basin averaged heat budget remains more strongly constrained by the Strait of Gibraltar heat transport than by the surface heat flux. It is worth remarking that if a short (∼few years) averaging period is used, then the heat content change must also be considered to constrain the heat budget. Concerning the water and salt fluxes, the highest uncertainties are found in the direct estimates of the Strait of Gibraltar water and salt transport. Therefore, the indirect estimate of those transports using the budget closure leads to smaller uncertainties than the estimates based on direct observations. Finally, estimates of Mediterranean heat and salt content trends are also reviewed. However, these cannot be improved through the indirect estimates due to the large temporal uncertainties associated to the surface fluxes and the fluxes through Gibraltar. The consequences

Published
2017

12. Wind-induced changes in the dynamics of fluorescent organic matter in the coastal NW Mediterranean

Author

Aparicio, F, Nieto-Cid, M. (Mar), Calvo, E. (Eva), Pelejero, C. (Carles), López-Sanz, A. (Ángel), Pascual, J. (Josep), Salat, J. (Jordi), Sánchez-Pérez, E.D. (Elvia D.), Gasol, J.M. (Josep María), Marrasé, C, Aparicio, F, Nieto-Cid, M. (Mar), Calvo, E. (Eva), Pelejero, C. (Carles), López-Sanz, A. (Ángel), Pascual, J. (Josep), Salat, J. (Jordi), Sánchez-Pérez, E.D. (Elvia D.), Gasol, J.M. (Josep María), and Marrasé, C

Abstract

Marine biogeochemistry dynamics in coastal marine areas is strongly influenced by episodic events such as rain, intense winds, river discharges and anthropogenic activities. We evaluated in this study the importance of these forcing events on modulating seasonal changes in the marine biogeochemistry of the northwestern coast of the Mediterranean Sea, based on data gathered from a fixed coastal sampling station in the area. A 4-year (2011–2014) monthly sampling at four depths (0.5 m, 20 m, 50 m and 80 m) was performed to examine the time variability of several oceanographic variables: seawater temperature, salinity, inorganic nutrient concentrations (NO3−, PO43 − and SiO2), chlorophyll a (Chl a), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM). FDOM dynamics was predominantly influenced by upwelling events and mixing processes, driven by strong and characteristic wind episodes. SW wind episodes favored the upwelling of deeper and denser waters into the shallower shelf, providing a surplus of autochthonous humic-like material and inorganic nutrients, whereas northerlies favored the homogenization of the whole shelf water column by cooling and evaporation. These different wind-induced processes (deep water intrusion or mixing), reported along the four sampled years, determined a high interannual environmental variability in comparison with other Mediterranean sampling sites.

Published
2017

13. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL FORCING AND THE VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF CHLOROPHYLL IN THE INDIAN AND PACIFIC OCEANS

Author

Estrada, M. (Marta), Blasco, D. (Dolors), Latasa, M. (Mikel), Rodríguez, F. (Francisco), and Salat, J. (Jordi)

Abstract

Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Aquatic Sciences: Global And Regional Perspectives - North Meets South, 22-27 February 2015, Granada, Spain, The relationships between environmental forcing (hydrographic characteristics of the water column, in situ PAR and major nutrient profiles) and the vertical distribution patterns of in vivo fluorescence and chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration have been studied along transects of the Malaspina 2010 expedition covering several biogeographic regions in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Except in the zone of the Equatorial upwelling, a subsurface Chl a maximum (SCM) was generally found at depths between 60 and 150 m. It was typically located at about the 1% light level, in association with the nutriclines and the nitrite maximum. The SCM occurred well below the depth of maximum Brunt-Väisälä frequency in the open Indian Ocean and South Equatorial Pacific, and near or above it in zones strongly influenced by advection (Agulhas, Great Australian Bight). The average proportion of Chl a in the size fraction < 2 micrometers ranged from 60% at surface to 66% at the DCM. The relationship between surface Chl a concentration and integrated Chl a was significant for some geographical regions, but not for the whole data set

Published
2015

14. The 11q;22q translocation: A European collaborative analysis of 43 cases

Author

Fraccaro, M., Lindsten, J., Ford, C. E., Iselius, L., Antonelli, A., Aula, P., Aurias, A., Bain, A. D., Bartsch-Sandhoff, M., Bernardi, F., Boyd, E., Buchanan, L. F., Cameron, A. H., de la Chapelle, A., Ciuffa, G., Cuoco, C., Dutrillaux, B., Dutton, G., Ferguson-Smith, M. A., Francesconi, D., Geraedts, J. P. M., Gimelli, G., Gueguen, J., Gärsner, E., Hagemeijer, A., Hansen, F. J., Hollings, P. E., Hustinx, T. W. J., Kaakinen, A., van de Kamp, J. J. P., von Koskull, H., Lejeune, J., Lindenbaum, R. H., McCreanor, H. H., Mikkelsen, M., Mitelman, F., Nicoletti, B., Nilsby, J., Nilsson, B., Noel, B., Padovani, E., Pasquali, F., de Pater, J., Pedersen, C., Petersen, F., Robson, E. B., Rotman, J., Ryynänen, M., Sachs, E., Salat, J., Smythe, R. H., Stabell, I., Šubrt, I., Vampirelli, P., Wessner, G., Zergollern, L., and Zuffardi, O.

Published
1980
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18. The contribution of migratory mesopelagic fishes to neuston fish assemblages across the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans

Author

Biología, Olivar, M.P., González-Gordillo, J.I., Salat, J., Chust, G., Cózar-Cabañas, Andrés, Hernández-León, S., de Puelles, M.L.F., Irigoien, X., Biología, Olivar, M.P., González-Gordillo, J.I., Salat, J., Chust, G., Cózar-Cabañas, Andrés, Hernández-León, S., de Puelles, M.L.F., and Irigoien, X.

Abstract

Surface waters are an attractive foraging ground for small fish in the open ocean. This study aims to determine the importance of vertically migrating species in the neuston of oceanic waters across the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans and to ascertain the influence of environmental variables on their distribution patterns. Neustonic fish assemblages were primarily controlled by light. They were dominated by late-larvae and juveniles of Exocoetidae, Hemiramphidae and Scomberesocidae during the day. At night, the vertical migration of mesopelagic species changed the dominance pattern in favour of Myctophidae and Scomberesocidae. The neustonic families’ distribution was primarily related to sea surface temperatures, whereas environmental variables at deeper layers were related to mesopelagic migrating families. Canonical correspondence analysis showed a low but statistically significant contribution of several environmental variables to myctophid species composition (10%), with minimum oxygen concentrations ranking first in variance explanation followed by maximum fluorescence, sea surface temperature and 400-m temperature. Spatial autocorrelation also explained 17% of the variance, indicating the influence of other factors such as historical, demographic and dispersal constraints. The low number of myctophid species in the North Pacific Equatorial Countercurrent appears to be related to the low oxygen concentrations observed in this province.

Published
2015

20. Formation of thick bottom nepheloid layers in the Western Mediterranean basin after major dense shelf water cascading events

Author

Puig, P. (Pere), Durrieu-de-Madron, X. (Xavier), Schroeder, K. (Katrin), Salat, J. (Jordi), López-Jurado, J.L. (José Luis), Gasparini, G.P. (Gian Pietro), Palanques, A. (Albert), Emelianov, M. (Mikhail), Karageorgis, A.P. (Aristomenis P.), and Theocharis, A. (Alexandre)

Subjects
Western Mediterranean, suspended particles, cascading, Gulf of Lions, bottom nepheloid layer
Published
2010

21. Formation of basin-wide bottom nepheloid layer in the Western Mediterranean after the major dense shelf water cascading events

Author

Martín, J. (Jacobo), Puig, P. (Pere), Durrieu-de-Madron, X. (Xavier), Schroeder, K. (Katrin), Salat, J. (Jordi), López-Jurado, J.L. (José Luis), Gasparini, G.P. (Gian Pietro), Palanques, A. (Albert), Emelianov, M. (Mikhail), Karageorgis, A.P. (Aristomenis P.), and Theocharis, A. (Alexandre)

Subjects
Western Mediterranean, cascading, Gulf of Lions, bottom nepheloid layer
Published
2010

22. Cambio climático en el Mediterráneo español. Segunda edición actualizada

Author

Vargas-Yáñez, M. (Manuel), García-Martínez, M.C. (María del Carmen), Moya-Ruiz, F. (Francisca), Tel, E. (Elena), Parrilla-Barrera, G. (Gregorio), Plaza-Jorge, F. (Francisco), Lavín, A. (Alicia), García-Fernández, M.J. (María Jesús), Salat, J. (Jordi), López-Jurado, J.L. (José Luis), Pascual, J. (Josep), García-Lafuente, J.M. (Jesús M.), Gomis, D. (Damiá), Álvarez, E. (Enrique), García-Sotillo, M. (Marcos), González-Pola, C. (César), Polvorinos, F. (Fausto), Fraile-Nuez, E. (Eugenio), Fernández-de-Puelles, M.L. (María Luz), and Zunino-Rodríguez, P. (Patricia)

Abstract

The first edition of the report “Climate Change in the Spanish Mediterranean” acknowledged the necessity of monitoring environmental conditions within the Mediterranean Sea and it stated that initiatives aimed at preserving and achieving a sustainable development of its resources should be based on a rigorous and scientific knowledge. The first edition of this report attempted to establish the basis for future works and detected and quantified the sea level rise of waters surrounding the Mediterranean Spanish coasts, the temperature and salinity increase of deep waters, and the warming of the air and sea surface waters. The study of these and other man-made threats on the marine environment is an open question and requires a continuous monitoring effort. Thanks to the collaboration with other Spanish institutions such as ICM (CSIC), Puertos del Estado (PE), IMEDEA (CSIC), UMA, UIB and AEMET, as well as the own monitoring programs from the Instituto Español de Oceanografía (RADMED program), this second edition continues the previous report, analyzing time series extended to July 2008 and evidencing the persistence of the above mentioned warming trends in the Spanish Mediterranean. This and future updated reports, the activities of the IEO Mediterranean Group on Climate Change, and the collaboration with the already mentioned institutions intend to be a tool for the continuous surveillance of the Mediterranean Spanish waters and the assessment for its sustainable exploitation.

Published
2010

23. Interactions between open-sea convection and shelf cascading dense waters in the formation of the Western Mediterranean Deep Water

Author

Puig, P., Palanques, A., Font, J., Salat, J., Mikel Latasa, and Scharek, R.

Abstract

Dynamics of Mediterranean deep waters, 27-30 May 2009, Malta.-- 9 pages, 5 figures, Sea-atmosphere interactions play an important role on the oceanographic processes at various spatial and temporal scales. In the Mediterranean Sea, several regions are key spots of intense airsea interactions which affect considerably the heat and water budgets. An example of this is the wintertime formation of dense water through interaction with the atmosphere, and further sinking by convection or cascading. The Gulf of Lions is one of the regions in the Mediterranean where massive dense water formation occurs because of cooling and evaporation of surface waters during winter-time. Concurrent with the well known open-sea convection process over the MEDOC region, coastal surface waters over the wide shelf of the Gulf of Lions also become denser than the underlying waters and cascade downslope until reaching their equilibrium depth. Through this climate-driven phenomenon, dense shelf waters carrying large quantities of particles in suspension are rapidly advected hundreds of meters deep, mainly through submarine canyons. Recent observations within the frame of several research initiatives conducted in the north-western Mediterranean indicate that major dense shelf water cascades from the Gulf of Lions have a direct effect on the Western Mediterranean Deep Water (WMDW) thermohaline properties and are responsible for the formation of a thick and persistent bottom nepheloid layer (BNL) that spreads throughout the western Mediterranean basin and scales in thickness with the WMDW anomaly created during sever winters like those of 1999 and 2005, This research was supported by the EuroSTRATAFORM Program funded by the ONR (contract N00014-04-1-0379) and by the EC 5th FP (project EVK3-2002-00079). Additional support was obtained from the HERMES Project funded by the EC 6th FP (contract GOCE-CT-2005-511234) and by the project EFLUBIO funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (Ref: REN2002-04151-C02-01/MAR). The HC-ICM mooring turnaround was also supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (Ref: CTM2007-28881-E)

Published
2009

24. Cambio Climático en el Mediterráneo Español

Author

Vargas-Yáñez, M. (Manuel), García-Martínez, M.C. (María del Carmen), Moya-Ruiz, F. (Francisca), Tel, E. (Elena), Parrilla-Barrera, G. (Gregorio), Plaza-Jorge, F. (Francisco), Lavín, A. (Alicia), García, M.J. (Mª Jesús), Salat, J. (Jordi), Pascual, J. (Josep), García-Lafuente, J.M. (Jesús M.), Gomis, D. (Damiá), Álvarez, E. (Enrique), García-Sotillo, M. (Marcos), González-Pola, C. (César), Polvorinos, F. (Fausto), and Fraile-Nuez, E. (Eugenio)

Abstract

Semi-enclosed and bounded by three continents, the Mediterranean sea is a region highly vulnerable to human activities, i.e.: the population surge along the coasts, the tourism pressure, the maritime traffic, the agriculture and the fishery exploitation, all have a potential impact on the Mediterranean environment. In addition, effective initiatives against the Global Climate Change need to be attempted in order to preserve our marine environment and to achieve a sustainable development of its resources. Prevention and adaptation to this new threat must be based on the rigorous and scientific knowledge accomplished through the systematic and continuous observation of the sea, and through the collection of multidisciplinary time-series and the subsequent analysis. This report responds to this necessity. The main goals of the Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO) are to generate scientific knowledge, as well as to assess and to inform the public about the state of the sea. The IEO is primary focussed on the study of the variety of phenomena influencing spanish coasts, including the process of Climate Change. To meet these objectives, a large set of actions have been planned. Some of them are already being implemented, such as a multidisciplinary observation system in the shelf and continental slope waters, or periodic scientific reports dealing with the detection and quantification of Climate Change effects and of other possible environmental impacts. The present report is the first of a series of future contributions. Besides the IEO, other Spanish institutions such as the ICM (CSIC), Puertos del Estado (PE), the IMEDEA (CSIC), the UMA, the UIB and the INM, involved in the monitoring, analysis and modelling of the Mediterranean sea, have also participated in it. The results show clear evidences of the effect of Climate Change in the physical properties of the mediterranean waters since 1948; in particular, the temperature and salinity increase of the deep waters, the accelerated rise of sea level since the early 1990s, and the air and sea surface temperature increase during the second half of the XX century. Versión del editor

Published
2007

26. A new deep water formed in the NW Mediterranean in 2005

Author

Font, J. (Jordi), Salat, J. (Jordi), Emelianov, M. (Mikhail), Puig, P. (Pere), Palanques, A. (Albert), Julià, A. (Agustí), López-Jurado, J.L. (José Luis), González-Pola, C. (César), and Flos, J. (Jordi)

Subjects
Anomaly, WMED, Deep Waters
Published
2006

28. Long-term monitoring programme of the hydrological variability in the Mediterranean Sea: a first overview of the HYDROCHANGES network

Author

Schroeder, K., Millot, C., Bengara, L., Ben Ismail, Sana, Bensi, Manuel, Borghini, M., Budillon, G., Cardin, Vanessa, Coppola, Laurent, Curtil, Colin, Drago, Aldo, El Moumni, B., Font, J., Fuda, Jean-luc, Garcia-lafuente, J., Gasparini, G. P., Kontoyiannis, H., Lefevre, D., Puig, P., Raimbault, Patrick, Rougier, Gilles, Salat, J., Sammari, Cherif, Sanchez Garrido, J. C., Sanchez-roman, A., Sparnocchia, Stefania, Tamburini, C., Taupier-letage, Isabelle, Theocharis, A., Vargas-yanez, M., Vetrano, Anna, Schroeder, K., Millot, C., Bengara, L., Ben Ismail, Sana, Bensi, Manuel, Borghini, M., Budillon, G., Cardin, Vanessa, Coppola, Laurent, Curtil, Colin, Drago, Aldo, El Moumni, B., Font, J., Fuda, Jean-luc, Garcia-lafuente, J., Gasparini, G. P., Kontoyiannis, H., Lefevre, D., Puig, P., Raimbault, Patrick, Rougier, Gilles, Salat, J., Sammari, Cherif, Sanchez Garrido, J. C., Sanchez-roman, A., Sparnocchia, Stefania, Tamburini, C., Taupier-letage, Isabelle, Theocharis, A., Vargas-yanez, M., and Vetrano, Anna

Abstract

The long-term monitoring of basic hydrological parameters (temperature and salinity), collected as time series with adequate temporal resolution (i.e. with a sampling interval allowing the resolution of all important timescales) in key places of the Mediterranean Sea (straits and channels, zones of dense water formation, deep parts of the basins), constitute a priority in the context of global changes. This led CIESM (The Mediterranean Science Commission) to support, since 2002, the HYDROCHANGES programme (www.ciesm.org/marine/programs/hydrochanges.htm), a network of autonomous conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) sensors, deployed on mainly short and easily manageable subsurface moorings, within the core of a certain water mass. The HYDROCHANGES strategy is twofold and develops on different scales. To get information about long-term changes of hydrological characteristics, long time series are needed. But before these series are long enough they allow the detection of links between them at shorter timescales that may provide extremely valuable information about the functioning of the Mediterranean Sea. The aim of this paper is to present the history of the programme and the current set-up of the network (monitored sites, involved groups) as well as to provide for the first time an overview of all the time series collected under the HYDROCHANGES umbrella, discussing the results obtained thanks to the programme.

Published
2013
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30. Long-term monitoring programme of the hydrological variability in the Mediterranean Sea: a first overview of the HYDROCHANGES network

Author

Schroeder, K., primary, Millot, C., additional, Bengara, L., additional, Ben Ismail, S., additional, Bensi, M., additional, Borghini, M., additional, Budillon, G., additional, Cardin, V., additional, Coppola, L., additional, Curtil, C., additional, Drago, A., additional, El Moumni, B., additional, Font, J., additional, Fuda, J. L., additional, García-Lafuente, J., additional, Gasparini, G. P., additional, Kontoyiannis, H., additional, Lefevre, D., additional, Puig, P., additional, Raimbault, P., additional, Rougier, G., additional, Salat, J., additional, Sammari, C., additional, Sánchez Garrido, J. C., additional, Sanchez-Roman, A., additional, Sparnocchia, S., additional, Tamburini, C., additional, Taupier-Letage, I., additional, Theocharis, A., additional, Vargas-Yáñez, M., additional, and Vetrano, A., additional

Published
2013
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31. In vivo fluorescence/chlorophyll a ratio as an ecological indicator in oceanography

Author

Marta Estrada, Marrase, C., and Salat, J.

Subjects
Quenching, Phytoplankton, Diel variability, Fluorescence to chlorophyll ratios
Abstract

Special issue Underwater light and algal photobiology.-- 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, This article reviews the main factors affecting the in vivo fluorescence versus chlorophyll relationships of phytoplankton and presents a case study based on data from three oceanographic cruises carried out, at different times of the year, in the Catalan Balearic Sea. In al1 three surveys, the in vivo fluorescence/chlorophyll ratio of the upper euphotic layer samples presented a diel variability with a minimum at or before noon time. The relationships between the spatio-temporal distribution of this variability and characteristics of photosynthesis versus irradiance curves obtained during each cruise are discussed, This work was supported by CICYT grants nos. MAR 88-0252, MAR 91-0359 and AMB 93-0728, EU grant no. MAS2-CT93-0063 and the CSIC. We thank all colleages who collaborated in the obtention of the data. J. M. Anguita and E. Quintana provided technical assistance

Published
1996

37. Evidence of displacement of lanternfish larvae associated with surface water movement: Case studies from Southern Africa

Author

Olivar, M.P., Salat, J., Beckley, L.E., Olivar, M.P., Salat, J., and Beckley, L.E.

Abstract

The paper is based on larval distribution data from five lanternfish species outside the spawning grounds of the adult populations. Using hydrographic information collected with the larvae, the effect of surface currents on the observed patterns of distribution is discussed. In the South-East Atlantic, adjacent to the Benguela upwelling system, larvae of the pseudoceanic Lampanyctodes hectoris were found farther offshore (250 – 450 km) than usual. The general flow of the current is parallel to the coast, but upwelling filaments extend offshore. The size distributions of the L. hectoris larvae found, together with the rather low temperature at two of the oceanic stations sampled, indicate that they had been displaced by a filament. In the South-West Indian Ocean, the distribution of larvae of highly oceanic species of lanternfish over the shelf is related to onshore intrusions of the Agulhas Current. The size distributions of Hygophum hygomii and Scopelopsis multipunctatus indicate southward transport of larvae. The presence of larvae of Myctophum selenops and Benthosema pterotum, which have not been documented as adults in the region, indicates not only transport to the area, but also that spawning could be taking place closer to the area than previously reported.

Published
1998

40. The interaction between the catalan and balearic currents in the southern catalan sea

Author

Salat, J and Salat, J

Abstract

The Liguro-Provencal-Catalan current, associated with a permanent shelf/slope front, terminates near the Eivissa channel, in the southern part of the Catalan Sea. Also in this region, the North Balearic front is formed, associated with lighter waters of recent Atlantic origin. In May-June 1991, the oceanographic cruise FE'91 was carried out covering the region with CTD casts. The results of water mass analysis and geostrophic circulation are presented in this paper, and the interaction between the Catalan and North Balearic currents is described and discussed.

Published
1995

41. Progress from 1989 to 1992 in understanding the circulation of the western mediterranean-sea

Author

Lehucher, Pm, Beautier, L, Chartier, M, Martel, F, Mortier, L, Brehmer, P, Millot, Claude, Alberola, C, Benzhora, M, Taupier-letage, Isabelle, Chabert D'Hieres, G, Didelle, H, Gleizon, P, Obaton, D, Crepon, M, Herbaut, C, Madec, G, Speich, S, Nihoul, J, Beckers, Jm, Brasseur, P, Deleersnijder, E, Djenidi, S, Font, J, Castellon, A, Garcia-ladona, Emilio, Lopez-garcia, Mj, Manriquez, M, Maso, M, Salat, J, Tintore, J, Alonso, S, Gomis, D, Viudez, A, Astraldi, M, Bacciola, D, Borghini, M, Dell'Amico, Florence, Galli, C, Lazzoni, E, Gasparini, Gp, Sparnocchia, S, Harzallah, A, Lehucher, Pm, Beautier, L, Chartier, M, Martel, F, Mortier, L, Brehmer, P, Millot, Claude, Alberola, C, Benzhora, M, Taupier-letage, Isabelle, Chabert D'Hieres, G, Didelle, H, Gleizon, P, Obaton, D, Crepon, M, Herbaut, C, Madec, G, Speich, S, Nihoul, J, Beckers, Jm, Brasseur, P, Deleersnijder, E, Djenidi, S, Font, J, Castellon, A, Garcia-ladona, Emilio, Lopez-garcia, Mj, Manriquez, M, Maso, M, Salat, J, Tintore, J, Alonso, S, Gomis, D, Viudez, A, Astraldi, M, Bacciola, D, Borghini, M, Dell'Amico, Florence, Galli, C, Lazzoni, E, Gasparini, Gp, Sparnocchia, S, and Harzallah, A

Abstract

The present paper describes the major results obtained from 1989 to 1992 by the EUROMODEL group in studying the circulation in the Western Mediterranean Sea. Particular emphasis has been given to the physical processes responsible for seasonal and mesoscale variabilities. Observations (in situ and satellite), together with theoretical, physical and numerical models, have been widely used in the course of these studies. Attention has been focused on the dynamics of the northern basin (deep water formation, dynamics of the Northern Mediterranean Current, circulation and shelf/slope interaction in the Balearic Sea) and of the southern basin (Alboran Sea circulation, instabilities of the Algerian Current). The straits dynamics have been studied with particular reference to the Corsica channel. Preliminary runs of a basin-scale circulation model of the Western Mediterranean Sea forced by the straits are also presented. They are shown to be capable of generating a cyclonic circulation in the western basin.

Published
1995

44. A coastal storms intensity scale for the Catalan sea (NW Mediterranean).

Author

Mendoza, E. T., Jimenez, J. A., Mateo, J., and Salat, J.

Subjects
WAVE energy, CYCLONES, STORMS, BUOYS, SYNOPTIC climatology, OCEAN waves, LOWS (Meteorology)
Abstract

A 5-class intensity scale for wave storms in the Catalan coast is presented. This has been done by analysing a storm data set which comprises 5 buoys during the period 1988/2008. The obtained classification improves the former proposal of Mendoza and Jiménez (2008) by better resolving spatial and temporal variability in wave storms in the area. The obtained classification reflects the increase in wave storm properties as the storm category increases. Because the selected classification parameter was the energy content which implicitly contains Hs and storm duration, this variable was used to define class limits; class I storms (24-250m² h), class II storms (251-500m² h), class III (501-700m² h), class IV storms (701-1200m² h) and class V storms (>1200m² h). The energy content variable was also used as proxy for induced hazards; the observed increase in energy content for higher classes reflected a signifi- cant increase in the intensity of the potential hazards. Lastly, the dominant synoptic situation for wave storms along the Catalan coast was the presence of a Mediterranean cyclone although a direct correspondence on cyclone's intensity over the western Mediterranean with wave energy content was not found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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45. Effects of storm events on the shelf-to-basin sediment transport in the southwestern end of the Gulf of Lions (Northwestern Mediterranean).

Author

Palanques, A., Puig, P., Guillén, J., de Madron, X. Durrieu, Latasa, M., Scharek, R., Martin, J., and Salat, J.

Subjects
SEDIMENT transport, CONTINENTAL shelf, STORMS, GEOLOGICAL basins, ANTHROPOGENIC effects on nature, WAVES (Physics), HYDROLOGY
Abstract

Shelf-to-basin sediment transport during storms was studied at the southwestern end of the Gulf of Lions from November 2003 to March 2004. Waves, near-bottom currents, temperature and sediment fluxes were measured on the inner shelf at 28-m depth, in the Cap de Creus submarine canyon head at 300-m depth and in the northwestern Mediterranean basin at 2350-m depth. This paper is a synthesis of results published separately in different papers; it includes some new data and focusses on the subject of storms. It is the first paper in which simultaneous data about the effect of storms on the shelf, the slope and in the basin are shown together. During the winter studied, there were two severe E-SE storms with significant wave heights ≥ 7 m: one in December 2003 and one in February 2004. During these storms, coastal water was exported off-shelf producing strong near-bottom currents (up to 82 cm s-1) at the canyon head that resuspended sediment and increased the downcanyon sediment fluxes by several orders of magnitude. The suspended sediment flux increase in the canyon head was much larger during the February storm than during the December storm. At the deep basin site, particle fluxes also increased drastically (1-2 orders of magnitude) immediately after the February storm but not after the December storm. The reason was that the February storm was reinforced by dense shelf water cascading and was long enough (43 h) to transfer large amounts of resuspended sediment from shallow shelf areas to the canyon head and from there to the northwestern Mediterranean basin. Thus, in the western Gulf of Lions, severe winter E-SE storms occurring during the dense shelf water cascading period can significantly increase the transfer to deep-sea (> 2000 m) environments of shelf and slope resuspended material, including anthropogenic contaminants and organic matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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46. Atmospheric circulation patterns associated with strong wind events in Catalonia.

Author

Peñna, J. C., Aran, M., Cunillera, J., Amaro, J., and Salat, J.

Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC circulation, METEOROLOGY, DATABASES, DISCRIMINANT analysis, PRINCIPAL components analysis
Abstract

The benefit of having a daily synoptic weather type catalogue and even more, a detailed catalogue for high impact weather events is well recognised by both climatologist and meteorologist communities. In this way the Meteorological Service of Catalonia (SMC) has produced some accurate classifications for extreme events, such as hailstorms or strong winds (SW). Within the framework of the MEDEX project, the SMC has been collaborating to increase the level of awareness about these events. Following this line of work, the aim of this study is to characterise the SW events in Catalonia. According to the guidelines of the MEDEX project we worked with its SW event database for the period June 1995 to May 2004. We also used the period 2005-2009 to test the methodology. The methodology is based on principal component, cluster and discriminant analyses and applied to four variables: SLP, temperature at 850 hPa and geopotential at 500 hPa on a synoptic-scale and local gust wind. We worked with ERA-Interim reanalysis and applied discriminant analysis to test the quality of the methodology and to classify the events of the validation period. We found seven patterns for the SW events. The strongest event corresponds to NW-Flow with the Azores Anticyclone and the passing of a low pressure through the Pyrenees. This methodology has distinguished the summer events in an independent cluster. The results obtained encourage us to follow this line of work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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48. Circulación marina en la plataforma continental del Ebro determinada a partir de la distribución de masas de agua y los microcontaminantes orgánicos en el sedimento

Author

FONT, J., JULIÀ, A., ROVIRA, J., SALAT, J., and SÁNCHEZ-PARDO, J.

Abstract

El análisis hidrográfico de las masas de agua en la plataforma continental del Ebro y las concentraciones de diversos microcontaminantes orgánicos en los sedimentos en las proximidades del delta, permiten aportar conclusiones sobre el régimen de circulación marina. Las aguas del río son frenadas por la corriente procedente del NE, ocasionando que parte del material en suspensión sedimente en el centro de un giro anticiclónico que se forma cerca de la desembocadura. El resto del material particulado es arrastrado hacia el S y desplazado progresivamentehacia la costa.

Published
1987

49. Permanent features of the circulation in the Catalan Sea

Author

Font, J, Salat, J, and Tintore, J

Abstract

Through the analysis of hydrographic data collected during 16 cruises (1975-1985), we identify and describe the seasonal characteristics and the permanent features of the circulation in the Catalan Sea (north-western Mediterranean). Two fronts follow the continental shelf break on the peninsular and Balearic sides, separating the central dense waters from the surrounding lighter waters of Atlantic and continental origins. One is mainly produced by strong salinity gradients (Catalan front) and the other by temperature gradients (Balearic front). Two currents are associated with these fronts: the southwest Catalan current and the northeast Balearic current. Strong vertical mesoscale motions have been observed on several occasions in the weakly stratified central area. An interpretation of these mesoscale phenomena is proposed in terms of cyclonic eddies generated by some kind of instability mechanism in the two frontal systems.

Published
1988

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