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Introduction: The diagnosis of jaw tumours is histological. Jaw tumours can be classified as benign or malignant. Benign jaw tumours can be classified as epithelial, mesenchymatous or epithelio-mesenchymatous based on their origin or with respect to their relation to the development of the dental organ into odontogenic and non -odontogenic. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from the period from January 2010 to April 2020 in the Stomatology and maxillofacial surgery units and pathology units of 4 hospitals in Yaoundé. Participants who had been operated for a benign jaw tumour with available and exploitable histopathological workups were retained in this study. The histological slides found were examined by a team of pathologists in accordance with the 2005 World Health Organization classification of head and neck tumours. Results: We retained 62 participants, ameloblastoma was the most represented tumour (25.81 %) followed by fibrous dysplasia (12.9 %) and Keratocystic odontogenic tumour (12.9 %). Ameloblastoma had 5 recurrences with a recurrence rate of 31.25 %. Conclusion: Ameloblastoma was the most common benign jaw tumour and odontogenic tumour with Fibrous dysplasia being the most frequent non odontogenic tumour. Better description of histological characteristics and typing would help to prevent recurrence and complications such as malignant transformation. Digital recording of histopathological slides could help improve conservation and permit the carrying out long term retrospective studies in our settings.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are aggressive cancers with high morbidity and low survival rates, as well as limited therapeutic options.We present the case of a 54-year-old patient, person living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) who presented with a history of an ulcerating lesion in her soft palate following self-inflicted mucosal insult which later revealed as an invasive squamous cell carcinoma with high grade dysplasia.The patient underwent chemotherapy and demonstrated remarkable clinical recovery with complete remission of signs and symptoms.We present a case in which early diagnosis and interdisciplinary collaboration were critical in ensuring a good prognosis for the patient, who is at the moment of writing, asymptomatic.

Introduction: Benign jaw tumors or tumor-like swellings of the jaws can be classified as odontogenic or non-odontogenic. The type of surgery undertaken or the histological typing of the tumor could be the cause of the recurrence of these tumors. Our objective was to determine clinical and paraclinical features implicated in or that signal the recurrence of benign tumors. Material and methods: We carried out a case control study during the period from January 2010 to April 2020 in the units of Stomatology and maxillofacial surgery, radiology and pathology units of Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé Central Hospital and Yaoundé Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Participants who had been operated for a benign jaw tumor were included in this study. For the statistical analysis: the significant threshold was set at 0.05 that is all p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: We retained 89 study participants with a recurrence rate of 7.51%. In our study, we had 61.8% females and 38.2% males with a sex ratio of 0.62. The localization at the level of the angle and ramus of the mandible, tooth preservation, type of anesthesia, radiological tumor aspect and histomorphology (ameloblastic fibroma and osteoma) were statistically significant for recurrence. Conclusion: The recurrence of jaw tumors is associated with several clinical and paraclinical factors. These factors can help predict recurrences and hence reduce the complications associated with late treatment plan.

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Introduction: Access to laparoscopy is low in Cameroon where customers' satisfaction has not been reported so far. We assessed patients' satisfaction with the process of care during laparoscopic surgery in a new tertiary hospital. Methods: A questionnaire was addressed to consenting patients (guardians for patients under 18) with complete medical records who underwent laparoscopy at the Douala Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (Cameroon) from November 1, 2015 to July 31, 2016. The following modified Likert's scale was used to assess satisfaction: very weak: 0-2.5; weak 2.6-5; good: 5.1-7.5; very good: 7.6-10. Only descriptive statistics were used. Results: Response rate was 90% (45/50). Of the 45 respondents, 39 (86.7%) were female, 14(31.1%) were referred and 39 (86.7%) paid by direct cash deposit. Mean age was 36.8±11.9 years. Laparoscopies were carried out in emergency for 3 (6.7%) patients. Digestive abnormalities indicated 13 (28.9%) laparoscopies while gynaecologic diseases accounted for 32 (71.1%) cases. Perception of the overall care process was good with a mean satisfaction score of 6.8 ± 1.4. Scores in categories were: 0% (Very weak); 13.3% (weak); 57.8% (good) and 28.9% (very good). Specifically mean satisfaction scores were: 7.8 ± 1.0 with doctors' care; 7.1 ± 1.3 with hospital administration; 7.0 ± 1.2 with nursing and 4.7 ± 1.4 with the costs. Main complaints were: long waiting time (73.3%), constraining geographical access (66.7%) and expensiveness (48.9%). Conclusion: Patients were globally satisfied with the process of care but financial and geographical barriers should be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heterotopic pregnancy is very rare under natural circumstances. We report the case of a 28 year old Gravida2 Para1001 woman at 9 weeks of pregnancy who consulted in emergency for acute pelvic pain following metrorrhagia. Physical exam revealed hemoperitoneum without shock. An emergency ultrasonography revealed two gestational sacs, one intra-uterine and the other extra-uterine. Laparotomy was done and the findings were: a ruptured right tubal pregnancy with 1,300 milliliters of hemoperitoneum, type B left utero-adnexal adhesions and an increased uterus consistent with a 9 weeks pregnancy. Right total salpingectomy was done and the patient did well postoperatively. That intrauterine pregnancy evolved normally under progesterone supply and the woman delivered a termed live female baby weighing 3.1 kilogrammes. In our context where ultrasound is not always available, practitioners carrying out salpingectomy for ruptured ectopic pregnancies should bear in mind the plausibleness of heterotopic pregnancy in order to properly handle the uterus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urethral duplication is a rare congenital malformation affecting mainly boys. The authors report a case in a Cameroonian child who was diagnosed and managed at the Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital, Yaounde. The malformation was characterized by the presence of an incontinent epispadic urethra and a normal apical urethra. We describe the difficulties faced in the management of this disorder in a developing country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Approximately 20,745 new cases of cancer were registered annually with 13,199 (64%) deaths in 2020 in Cameroon. Despite the increasing cancer burden, there is a paucity of reliable data that can enhance decision-making for cancer control in Cameroon. This assessment was, therefore, designed to generate data that may enable stakeholders, policymakers and funders to make data-driven decisions on cancer control. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in July 2020, which enabled us to collect data on key cancer variables from six adult cancer treatment centres in Cameroon. The key components of the assessment included case detection, service availability, human resource capacity, cost of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the safety of chemotherapy sessions, data systems, patient education, palliative care, funding for chemotherapy and chemotherapy stock. Data were compiled and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2016. Data from four of the 6 sites show that 1,636 new cases were recorded representing an annual case detection rate of 11.8%. All the six assessed facilities offered chemotherapy services, 5/6 (83.3%) offered surgery for cancers, while just 1 (16.7%) offered radiotherapy services. In addition, none offered nuclear medicine services for cancer care and treatment. Similarly, none of the facilities had the WHO-recommended number of human resources for optimal cancer care. Overall, there were only 6 medical oncologists, 2 surgical oncologists, 3 radiation oncologists and 14 oncology nurses providing services across the 6 cancer treatment centres. Treatment services are expensive for an average national, with a complete course of chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy costing ~XAF 1,240,000 (~$2,480). None of the survey facilities had a recommended safe biosafety cabinet and clean room for the preparation of chemotherapies, rendering the preparation of chemotherapies suboptimal and hazardous. Data collection tools were manual, relatively available and very different across all the surveyed sites and the interval for data collection and transmission was collectively undefined. Optimal cancer care in adult cancer treatment centres is limited by several health systems and socio-economic factors. The identification of these barriers has enabled the formulation of action-oriented interventions, leveraging on the recently adopted national strategy for the prevention and control of cancers in the country., Competing Interests: AF, YS and EK work at CHAI which funds the current study. EDBM works at Laboratoire ROCHE as part of its ACCESS CANCER programme in Cameroon. However, Laboratoire ROCHE is neither closely nor remotely involved in the conception, writing or financing of this research work. The other authors do not have any conflicts of interest., (© the authors; licensee ecancermedicalscience.)

Introduction: cancer is a potentially serious disease. The announcement of a cancer diagnosis is bad news. This diagnosis is experienced differently from one person to the next. Patient's behaviour and compliance reflects specific behaviors of relatives. Alternative treatments are commonly used in oncology in some African countries. The purpose of this study was to establish cancer patients' experience, the extent of the use of alternative treatments and factors influencing their choices., Methods: we conducted a descriptive study at the Yaoundé General Hospital from December 2019 to May 2020. The study included patients over 18 years of age treated for cancer, who had been undergoing chemotherapy for at least three months and who agreed to complete the questionnaire., Results: the interview involved 122 patients. Sex ratio was 1/1. The average age of patients was 45 years; 38.5% of patients thought that cancer is a very serious disease, 24% were desperate for diagnosis, 61% thought that recovery would be very slow. Pluralists in our sample accounted for 59.8%., Conclusion: cancer patients and their relatives generally perceive cancer as serious. Patients experience a feeling of sudden and intense anxiety when they are diagnosed with cancer. Therapeutic pluralism is a frequent practice., Competing Interests: Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d'intérêts., (Copyright: Zacharie Sando et al.)

Introduction: cervical cancer is a public health problem in Cameroon, ranking as the 2 nd most frequent cancer. The purpose of our study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with cervical cancer at the Douala General Hospital in Cameroon., Method: we conducted a retrospective study over the period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2017., Results: the study enrolled 357 women. Patients´ age ranged from 25 to 88 years, with an average age of 52.82 ± 12.36 years. Patients from the Western Region were more heavily represented, with a percentage of 42.2% (n= 124/294). The majority of them were unemployed housekeepers (57.3%; n=200/341). The age of first sexual intercourse was recorded for only 37% (n=133/357) of the study population, with an average age of 16.73 ± 2.16 years; while the average age on giving birth to the first child was 18.92 ± 3.44 years. On the other hand, 6.5% (n=11/169) of patients were smokers, while 44% (n=73/166) were alcohol abusers. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histologic type (85.6%; n=255/298). The most frequent stage at diagnosis was stage IIB (22.3%, n=71/319) followed by stage IIIB (21.6%; n=69/319)., Conclusion: in Cameroon, cervical cancer commonly occurs in unemployed adult women and it is associated with an advanced-stage diagnosis. Hence the need to improve awareness of prevention and early diagnosis., Competing Interests: Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d´intérêts., (Copyright: Berthe Sabine Esson Mapoko et al.)