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Vascular toxicity is one of serious complications following cisplatin‐based chemotherapy. This case suggests that cisplatin has a potential risk of delayed occurrence of vasospastic angina. It is important to perform careful history taking including discontinued drugs for differential diagnosis of chest pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study 1/N corrections to a Wilson loop in holographic duality. Extending the AdS/CFT correspondence beyond the large N limit is an important but a subtle issue, as it needs quantum gravity corrections in the gravity side. To find a physical property of the quantum corrected geometry of near-horizon black 0-branes previously obtained by Hyakutake, we evaluate a Euclidean string worldsheet hanging down in the geometry, which corresponds to a rectangular Wilson loop in the SU(N) quantum mechanics with 16 supercharges at a finite temperature with finite N. We find that the potential energy defined by the Wilson loop increases due to the 1/N correction, therefore the quantum gravity correction weakens the gravitational attraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the impact of assimilating satellite data into atmospheric reanalyses on trends in ocean surface winds and waves. Two experiments were performed using a numerical wave model forced by near-surface winds: one derived from the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55; experiment A) and the other derived from JRA-55 using assimilated conventional observations only (JRA-55C; experiment B). The results showed that the satellite data assimilation reduced upward trends of the annual mean of wave energy flux (WEF) in the midlatitude North Pacific and southern ocean (30°-60°S), south of Australia, from 1959 to 2012. It was also found that the assimilation of scatterometer winds reduced the near-surface wind speed in the midlatitude North Pacific after the mid-1990s, which resulted in the reduced trend in WEF from 1959 to 2012. By contrast, assimilation of the satellite radiances for 1973-94 increased near-surface wind speed in the southern ocean, south of Australia, whereas the assimilation of the scatterometer winds after the mid-1990s reduced wind speed. The latter led to the reduced trend in WEF south of Australia from 1959 to 2012. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been widely believed that the tropical Pacific trade winds weakened in the last century and would further decrease under a warmer climate in the 21st century. Recent high-quality observations. however, suggest that the tropical Pacific winds have actually strengthened in the past two decades. Precise causes of the recent Pacific climate shift are uncertain. Here we explore how the enhanced tropical Indian Ocean warming in recent decades favors stronger trade winds in the western Pacific via the atmosphere and hence is likely to have contributed to the La Nina-like state (with enhanced east-west Walker circulation) through the Pacific oceanatmosphere interactions. Further analysis, based on 163 climate model simulations with centennial historical and projected external radiative forcing, suggests that the Indian Ocean warming relative to the Pacific's could play an important role in modulating the Pacific climate changes in the 20th and 21st centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The compressive behavior of multiply delaminated composite plates was numerically evaluated considering both structural instability and delamination growth in order to clarify the reason for the significant reduction in the compressive strength of composite laminates that results from an impact. Embedded circular delaminations were placed at regular intervals in the thickness direction at the plate center. A three-dimensional block element was used to discretize the laminates, and a cohesive element was placed at the same planes as the delaminations. The cohesive element had a bilinear relationship between traction and relative displacement, and the element failed when the energy stored in it exceeded a threshold, that is, the critical energy release rate of the interface. Through the present numerical study we found that the applied load dropped after slight increase of the load when the delaminations started growing, and the delamination growth in the buckled laminate governed the compressive strength of the damaged composite laminates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Average beat interval (BI) and beat interval variability (BIV) are primarily determined by mutual entrainment between the autonomic-nervous system (ANS) and intrinsic mechanisms that govern sinoatrial node (SAN) cell function. While basal heart rate is not affected by age in humans, age-dependent reductions in intrinsic heart rate have been documented even in so-called healthy individuals. The relative contributions of the ANS and intrinsic mechanisms to age-dependent deterioration of SAN function in humans are not clear. We recorded ECG on patients (n = 16 < 21 years and n = 23 41–78 years) in the basal state and after ANS blockade (propranolol and atropine) in the presence of propofol and dexmedetomidine anesthesia. Average BI and BIV were analyzed. A set of BIV features were tested to designated the "signatures" of the ANS and intrinsic mechanisms and also the anesthesia "signature". In young patients, the intrinsic mechanisms and ANS mainly contributed to long- and short-term BIV, respectively. In adults, both ANS and intrinsic mechanisms contributed to short-term BIV, while the latter also contributed to long-term BIV. Furthermore, anesthesia affected ANS function in young patients and both mechanisms in adult. The work also showed that intrinsic mechanism features can be calculated from BIs, without intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distinct pattern of interannual variability in sea surface temperature (SST) in the South Pacific [i.e., the South Pacific subtropical dipole (SPSD)] is examined using outputs from a coupled general circulation model. The SPSD appears as the second empirical orthogonal function (EOF) mode of the SST anomalies in the South Pacific and is associated with a northeast-southwest-oriented dipole of positive and negative SST anomalies in the central basin. The positive and negative SST anomaly poles start to develop during austral spring, reach their peak during austral summer, and gradually decay afterward. Close examination of mixed-layer heat balance yields that the SST anomaly poles develop mainly because warming of the mixed layer by shortwave radiation is modulated by the anomalous mixed-layer thickness. Over the positive (negative) pole, the mixed layer becomes thinner (thicker) than normal and acts to enhance (reduce) the warming of the mixed layer by climatological shortwave radiation. This thinner (thicker) mixed layer may be related to the suppressed (enhanced) evaporation associated with the overlying sea level pressure (SLP) anomalies. Weaker-than-normal surface wind also contributes to the thinner mixed layer in the case of the positive pole. Furthermore, the SLP anomalies are linked with the geopotential height anomalies in the upper troposphere and are associated with a stationary Rossby wave pattern along the westerly jet in the midlatitudes. This suggests that the SLP anomalies that generate the SPSD are not locally excited but remotely induced signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]