76 results on '"Scalese, S"'
Search Results
2. Bi2O3/Nexar® polymer nanocomposite membranes for azo dyes removal by UV–vis or visible light irradiation
- Author
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D’Angelo, D., Filice, S., Scarangella, A., Iannazzo, D., Compagnini, G., and Scalese, S.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Carbon nanotube-based sensing devices for human Arginase-1 detection
- Author
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Baldo, S., Buccheri, S., Ballo, A., Camarda, M., La Magna, A., Castagna, M.E., Romano, A., Iannazzo, D., Di Raimondo, F., Neri, G., and Scalese, S.
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- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Biomimetic sensing layer based on electrospun conductive polymer webs
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Zampetti, E., Pantalei, S., Scalese, S., Bearzotti, A., De Cesare, F., Spinella, C., and Macagnano, A.
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- 2011
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5. Elution time changes due to anomalous DEP effects in microchannels under uniform and non-uniform electric fields
- Author
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Magliano, A, Camarda, M, Lombardo, S, Di Martino, R, Cascio, M, Romano, A, Minafra, L, Russo, G, Gilardi, M, Di Raimondo, F, Scalese, S, La Magna, A, Magliano A., Camarda M., Lombardo S. F., Di Martino R., Cascio M., Romano A., Minafra L., Russo G., Gilardi MC., Di Raimondo F., Scalese S., La Magna A., Magliano, A, Camarda, M, Lombardo, S, Di Martino, R, Cascio, M, Romano, A, Minafra, L, Russo, G, Gilardi, M, Di Raimondo, F, Scalese, S, La Magna, A, Magliano A., Camarda M., Lombardo S. F., Di Martino R., Cascio M., Romano A., Minafra L., Russo G., Gilardi MC., Di Raimondo F., Scalese S., and La Magna A.
- Abstract
Conventional dielectrophoresis (DEP) force on cell and particle is altered in the proximity of the electrodes due to the failure of the dipole approximation. In these conditions an anomalous DEP (aDEP) force rules the particle manipulation. Anyhow, the role of the aDEP is barely considered in the design of DEP devices. Here we analyze, using a multiscale simulation approach, the aDEP effects in micro-fluidic device coupled with interdigitated channel commonly used in continuous mode field flow fractionation dielectrophoretic (FFF-DEP) devices for the separation of circulating tumor cells (MDA) and Lymphocytes (LYM). We study the propagation of an injected density of MDA and LYM respectively and evaluate how the aDEP changes the migrations of the cells.
- Published
- 2016
6. Analysis of the role of elution buffers on the separation capabilities of dielectrophoretic devices
- Author
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Di Martino, R, Camarda, M, Cascio, M, Gallo, M, Magliano, A, Baldo, S, Romano, A, Minafra, L, Forte, G, Russo, G, Gilardi, M, Di Raimondo, F, Scalese, S, La Magna, A, Di Martino R., Camarda M., Cascio M., Gallo M., Magliano A., Baldo S., Romano A., Minafra L., Forte G. I., Russo G., Gilardi M. C., Di Raimondo F., Scalese S., La Magna A., Di Martino, R, Camarda, M, Cascio, M, Gallo, M, Magliano, A, Baldo, S, Romano, A, Minafra, L, Forte, G, Russo, G, Gilardi, M, Di Raimondo, F, Scalese, S, La Magna, A, Di Martino R., Camarda M., Cascio M., Gallo M., Magliano A., Baldo S., Romano A., Minafra L., Forte G. I., Russo G., Gilardi M. C., Di Raimondo F., Scalese S., and La Magna A.
- Abstract
Field flow fractionation dielectrophoretic (FFF-DEP) devices are currently used, among the others, for the separation of tumor cells from healthy blood cells. To this end specific suspension/elution buffers (EBs), with reduced conductivity (with respect to that of the cell cytoplasm) are generally used. In this paper we investigate the long-term alterations of the cells and elution buffers. We find that the EB conductivity is critically modified within few minutes after cells suspension. In turn, this modification results in a change the ideal separation frequency of the FFF-DEP device. On the other hand we prove that DEP manipulation is preserved for more than three hours for cells suspended in the considered EBs.
- Published
- 2016
7. Applicability of a New Sulfonated Pentablock Copolymer Membrane and Modified Gas Diffusion Layers for Low-Cost Water Splitting Processes
- Author
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Filice, S., primary, Urzì, G., additional, Milazzo, R. G., additional, Privitera, S. M. S., additional, Lombardo, S. A., additional, Compagnini, G., additional, and Scalese, S., additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Study of the role of particle-particle dipole interaction in dielectrophoretic devices for biomarkers identification
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Natale C.D.,Compagnone D.,Baldini F.,Betta G.,Siciliano P., Camarda, M, Baldo, S, Fisicaro, G, Anzalone, R, Scalese, S, Alberti, A, La Via, F, La Magna, A, Ballo, A, Giustolisi, G, Minafra, L, Cammarata, F, Bravata, V, Forte, G, Russo, G, Gilardi, M, Camarda M., Baldo S., Fisicaro G., Anzalone R., Scalese S., Alberti A., La Via F., La Magna A., Ballo A., Giustolisi G., Minafra L., Cammarata F. P., Bravata V., Forte G. I., Russo G., Gilardi M. C., Natale C.D.,Compagnone D.,Baldini F.,Betta G.,Siciliano P., Camarda, M, Baldo, S, Fisicaro, G, Anzalone, R, Scalese, S, Alberti, A, La Via, F, La Magna, A, Ballo, A, Giustolisi, G, Minafra, L, Cammarata, F, Bravata, V, Forte, G, Russo, G, Gilardi, M, Camarda M., Baldo S., Fisicaro G., Anzalone R., Scalese S., Alberti A., La Via F., La Magna A., Ballo A., Giustolisi G., Minafra L., Cammarata F. P., Bravata V., Forte G. I., Russo G., and Gilardi M. C.
- Abstract
A three dimensional Coupled Monte Carlo-Poisson method has been used to evaluate the impact of particle-particle dipole interactions in the equilibrium distribution of a system of uncharged polarizable particles suspended in a static liquid medium under the action of an oscillating non-uniform electric field generated by polynomial electrodes. We compare the simulated distributions with experimental ones both for micro- (MDA-MB-231 breast tumor cells) and nano-(multiwall carbon nanotubes) particles. In both cases the equilibrium distributions near the electrodes are dominated by dipole interactions which locally enhance the DEP effect and promote long particles chains.
- Published
- 2015
9. Highly effective and reusable sulfonated pentablock copolymer nanocomposites for water purification applications
- Author
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Filice, S., primary, D'Angelo, D., additional, Scarangella, A., additional, Iannazzo, D., additional, Compagnini, G., additional, and Scalese, S., additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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10. Innovative 3D graphene structures for energy and sensing applications
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Bruno, E, Scalese, S, D’Angelo, D, Compagnini, Giuseppe Romano, Sinatra, M, Scapellato, G, and Privitera, V.
- Published
- 2014
11. Structure of Er-O complexes in crystalline Si
- Author
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D'ACAPITO, F., SCALESE, S., TERRASI, A., FRANZ, G., PRIOLO, MOBILIO S., MOBILIO, Settimio, D'Acapito, F., Mobilio, Settimio, Scalese, S., Terrasi, A., Franz, G., Priolo, and Mobilio, S.
- Subjects
Materials science ,Silicon ,Absorption spectroscopy ,Doping ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Epitaxy ,Local structure ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Ion ,Crystallography ,Ion implantation ,Molecular geometry ,chemistry - Abstract
The local structure around Er3+ ions in Er+O doped silicon has been investigated by extended x-ray absorption spectroscopy. By comparing samples obtained by molecular-beam epitaxy and ion implantation a common structure comes out. Er is linked to five or six O atoms at around 2.24 Angstrom and there is a well defined Er-O-Si bond angle of 135degrees and an Er-Si separation of 3.6 Angstrom. The Er-Si distance is appreciably longer than that found in the more stable structures from ab-initio calculations and a discussion on the possible site for Er is presented.
- Published
- 2004
12. Thermal oxidation of As and Ge implanted Si(100)
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Colonna, S, Terrasi, Antonio, Scalese, S, Iacona, F, Raineri, V, La Via, F, Mobilio, S., Colonna, S, Terrasi, A, Scalese, S, Iacona, F, Raineri, V, La Via, F, and Mobilio, Settimio
- Abstract
The thermal oxidation of Ge or As implanted Si single crystals has been investigated for two different oxidation processes (in wet ambient at 920°C and dry ambient at 1100°C). Using the atomic force microscopy the oxide morphology and roughness has been determined as a function of the different oxidation processes. The X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been employed to determine the structural coordination around the dopant atoms. We found that the surface roughness is related to the segregation of Ge or As at the oxide/substrate interface, occurring when the oxidation rate is faster than the dopant diffusion, in particular at the higher implanted dose processed in wet ambient. The segregation of Ge at the interface gives rise to the formation of germanium rich alloy region, whereas the segregation of As induces the precipitation of SiAs monoclinic islands. The formation of islands is directly related to the dopant segregation, but their size is not. In fact, after a critical concentration of dopant at the interface is reached, a dissolution of the precipitates takes place. A memory effect causes the continuous growing of the islands, even once the diffusion of Ge or As takes place.
- Published
- 2003
13. Formation of inorganic fullerene-like MoS2 nanostructures by laser ablation in water
- Author
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Sinatra, M, Messina, G, Compagnini, Giuseppe Romano, and Scalese, S.
- Published
- 2012
14. Carbon-Based Nanomaterials Obtained by Laser Ablation in Liquids and Other Plasma Processes in High-Density Environments
- Author
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Compagnini, Giuseppe Romano and Scalese, S.
- Published
- 2012
15. Defects and gas sensing properties of carbon nanotube-based devices
- Author
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Baldo, S., primary, Scuderi, V., additional, Tripodi, L., additional, La Magna, A., additional, Leonardi, S.G., additional, Donato, N., additional, Neri, G., additional, Filice, S., additional, and Scalese, S., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Role of Linear Carbon Chains in the Aggregation of Copper, Silver, and Gold Nanoparticles RID E-3893-2010 RID B-1144-2010
- Author
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D'Urso, Luisa, Grasso, Giuseppe, Messina, E, Bongjorno, C, Scuderi, V, Scalese, S, Puglisi, Orazio Gaetano, Spoto, Giuseppe, and Compagnini, Giuseppe Romano
- Published
- 2010
17. Interaction between linear carbon chains and metal NPs prepared by laser ablation in water
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Messina, G. C., D'Urso, Luisa, Messina, E, Scalese, S, Puglisi, O, and In:, COMPAGNINI G.
- Published
- 2010
18. Theoretical and experimental study of the role of cell-cell dipole interaction in dielectrophoretic devices: application to polynomial electrodes
- Author
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Camarda, M, Fisicaro, G, Anzalone, R, Scalese, S, Alberti, A, La Via, F, La Magna, A, Ballo, A, Giustolisi, G, Minafra, L, Cammarata, F, Bravatà, V, Forte, G, Russo, G, Gilardi, M, GILARDI, MARIA CARLA, Camarda, M, Fisicaro, G, Anzalone, R, Scalese, S, Alberti, A, La Via, F, La Magna, A, Ballo, A, Giustolisi, G, Minafra, L, Cammarata, F, Bravatà, V, Forte, G, Russo, G, Gilardi, M, and GILARDI, MARIA CARLA
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the effect of cell-cell dipole interactions in the equilibrium distributions in dielectrophoretic devices. METHODS: We used a three dimensional coupled Monte Carlo-Poisson method to theoretically study the final distribution of a system of uncharged polarizable particles suspended in a static liquid medium under the action of an oscillating non-uniform electric field generated by polynomial electrodes. The simulated distributions have been compared with experimental ones observed in the case of MDA-MB-231 cells in the same operating conditions. RESULTS: The real and simulated distributions are consistent. In both cases the cells distribution near the electrodes is dominated by cell-cell dipole interactions which generate long chains. CONCLUSIONS: The agreement between real and simulated cells' distributions demonstrate the method's reliability. The distribution are dominated by cell-cell dipole interactions even at low density regimes (105 cell/ml). An improved estimate for the density threshold governing the interaction free regime is suggested.
- Published
- 2014
19. Radial breathing mode in Raman spectra as a direct tool for the observation of linear C chains in CNTs
- Author
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Scuderi, V., Scalese, S., Bagiante, S., Privitera, V., D'Urso, Luisa, and Compagnini, Giuseppe Romano
- Published
- 2009
20. Carbon nanowires production by plasma ignition in liquid environments
- Author
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Patanè, G., D'Urso, Luisa, Compagnini, Giuseppe Romano, Scuderi, V., Bagiante, S., and Scalese, S.
- Published
- 2009
21. Role of the growth parameters on the structural order of MWCNTs produced by arc discharge in liquid nitrogen
- Author
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Bagiante, S., Scalese, S., Scuderi, V., Privitera, V., Patanè, G., and Compagnini, Giuseppe Romano
- Published
- 2009
22. Raman Spectroscopy of carbon nanotubes and anowires prepared by arc discharge in liquid nitrogen
- Author
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Compagnini, Giuseppe Romano, D'Urso, Luisa, Russo, P, Scalese, S, Privitera, V, and Scuderi, V.
- Published
- 2008
23. Characterization of carbon aligned nanocolumns growth by rf-magnetron sputtering
- Author
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Scalese, S, Scuderi, V, Simone, F, Pennisi, A, D'Urso, Luisa, Compagnini, Giuseppe Romano, and Privitera, V.
- Published
- 2007
24. Complete suppression of the Transient Enhanced Diffusion of B implanted in preamorphized silicon by interstitials trapping in a spatially separeted C-rich layer
- Author
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Napolitani, E., Coati, A., De Salvador, D., Carnera, A., Mirabella, Salvatore, Scalese, S., and Priolo, Francesco
- Published
- 2002
25. Structural characterization of submonolayer C/Al(111)
- Author
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Scalese, S., Agostino, R. G., Hayoz, J., Naumovic, D., Fasel, Roman, Aebi, Philipp, Schlapbach, Louis, Scalese, S., Agostino, R. G., Hayoz, J., Naumovic, D., Fasel, Roman, Aebi, Philipp, and Schlapbach, Louis
- Abstract
We report on the adsorption of atomic C in submonolayer coverages on the Al(111) surface. The local order at the surface is studied for different thermal treatments by means of full-heimispherical X-ray photoelectron diffraction. Deposition at room temperature results in disordered C adsorption while an ordering process takes place after annealing above 475 K. We depict the structure of the annealed C-rich phase. The C1s diffraction patterns are interpreted by comparison with single scattering cluster calculations. The results are discussed with respect to both previous theoretical and experimental work.
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- 2008
26. Influence of laser treatment on TiO2 based nanoparticles for photocatalytic water splitting
- Author
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Roberto Fiorenza, Filice, S., giuseppe compagnini, Salvatore Scire, and Scalese, S.
27. Synthesis of carbon nanowires and nanotubes by plasma ignition in liquid environments
- Author
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Compagnini, G., Patanè, G., Luisa D'Urso, Puglisi, O., Scalese, S., Scuderi, V., Bagiante, S., and Privitera, V.
- Subjects
Arc discharge ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,Carbon nanotubes ,Laser ablation ,Linear carbon chains - Abstract
The synthesis of many carbon nanomaterials is based on the ignition of carbon plasmas during laser ablation or arc discharge phenomena. This paper intends to compare these two methods in the formation of carbon nanotubes and linear carbon chains when a liquid phase is used as the environment for the plasma ignition. We observe similarities in the chemical species (mainly sp hybridized linear carbon chains) trapped in the liquid phase after the processes and we give also details on the properties of multiwall carbon nanotubes deposited at the cathode during arc procedures. It is found that these properties strictly depend on the discharge current and the electrode geometry. Particularly interesting is also the observed formation of tube-chain hybrids during unstable discharge conditions.
28. Structural characterization of submonolayer C/Al(111)
- Author
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Scalese, S., Agostino, R. G., Hayoz, J., Naumovic, D., Fasel, Roman, Aebi, Philipp, Schlapbach, Louis, Scalese, S., Agostino, R. G., Hayoz, J., Naumovic, D., Fasel, Roman, Aebi, Philipp, and Schlapbach, Louis
- Abstract
We report on the adsorption of atomic C in submonolayer coverages on the Al(111) surface. The local order at the surface is studied for different thermal treatments by means of full-heimispherical X-ray photoelectron diffraction. Deposition at room temperature results in disordered C adsorption while an ordering process takes place after annealing above 475 K. We depict the structure of the annealed C-rich phase. The C1s diffraction patterns are interpreted by comparison with single scattering cluster calculations. The results are discussed with respect to both previous theoretical and experimental work.
29. Bi2O3/Nexar® polymer nanocomposite membranes for azo dyes removal by UV–vis or visible light irradiation.
- Author
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D'Angelo, D., Filice, S., Scarangella, A., Iannazzo, D., Compagnini, G., and Scalese, S.
- Subjects
- *
BISMUTH oxides , *POLYMERIC nanocomposites , *AZO dyes , *VISIBLE spectra , *CATALYTIC activity , *NANOPARTICLES - Abstract
Graphical abstract Highlights • Low cost preparation of s-PBC membranes loaded with Bi2O3 nanoparticles inside. • During the membranes preparation, Bi3+ is partially reduced to elemental Bi. • s-PCB and S-PCB-BO membranes were tested for the removal of azo dyes. • Bi/Bi2O3 mixture confers to the polymer a photocatalytic activity under visible light. • The regeneration and the effective reuse of the nanocomposites has been demonstrated. Abstract In this work Nexar®-based nanocomposite membranes, consisting of tert -butyl styrene end blocks, hydrogenated isoprene inner blocks and a middle block that is selectively and randomly sulfonated, were prepared by dispersing bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3) nanoparticles inside. The aim was to evaluate their adsorption properties and photocatalytic activity. The chemical, structural and morphological properties of the produced materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). We found that a partial reduction of Bi 2 O 3 to metallic Bi takes place during the nanocomposite preparation. The presence of the bismuth-based nanomaterials changes the light absorbance of the polymer affecting positively the dye removal ablity of the polymeric nanocomposite. The removal/degradation properties of the membranes were investigated by measuring the degradation of two dyes, methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO), under UV/visible or blue light illumination. The UV–vis light irradiation increases the MB removal for both the membranes, due to an enhanced adsorption effect, while blue light irradiation induces a similar enhancement only for the filler-free membrane. For the nanocomposite membrane containing Bi 2 O 3 (s-PBC-BO) we observe the highest efficiency in the removal of MO under blue light irradiation due to a combined effect of light absorption by both the nanocomposite and the dye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Elution time changes due to anomalous DEP effects in microchannels under uniform and non-uniform electric fields
- Author
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Antonino La Magna, Maria Carla Gilardi, Salvatore Francesco Lombardo, Francesco Di Raimondo, Antonino Magliano, Alessandra Romano, Massimo Camarda, Silvia Scalese, Rossana Di Martino, Giorgio Ivan Russo, Michele Cascio, Luigi Minafra, Magliano, A, Camarda, M, Lombardo, S, Di Martino, R, Cascio, M, Romano, A, Minafra, L, Russo, G, Gilardi, M, Di Raimondo, F, Scalese, S, and La Magna, A
- Subjects
Cell diffusion ,Analytical chemistry ,Dielectrophoresis ,02 engineering and technology ,Discrete dipole approximation ,circulating tumor cells ,01 natural sciences ,Molecular physics ,complex mixtures ,Anomalous DEP ,Electric field ,0103 physical sciences ,Anomalous DEP, Cell diffusion, Dielectrophoresis, Field flow fractionation ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,010302 applied physics ,Field flow fractionation ,Elution ,Chemistry ,Continuous mode ,respiratory system ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,respiratory tract diseases ,DEP device ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,Signal Processing ,Electrode ,Particle ,0210 nano-technology ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Conventional dielectrophoresis (DEP) force on cell and particle is altered in the proximity of the electrodes due to the failure of the dipole approximation. In these conditions an anomalous DEP (aDEP) force rules the particle manipulation. Anyhow, the role of the aDEP is barely considered in the design of DEP devices. Here we analyze, using a multiscale simulation approach, the aDEP effects in micro-fluidic device coupled with interdigitated channel commonly used in continuous mode field flow fractionation dielectrophoretic (FFF-DEP) devices for the separation of circulating tumor cells (MDA) and Lymphocytes (LYM). We study the propagation of an injected density of MDA and LYM respectively and evaluate how the aDEP changes the migrations of the cells. Keywords: Dielectrophoresis, Anomalous DEP, Field flow fractionation, Cell diffusion
- Published
- 2016
31. Metal/Semiconductor Barrier Properties of Non-Recessed Ti/Al/Ti and Ta/Al/Ta Ohmic Contacts on AlGaN/GaN Heterostructures
- Author
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Silvia Scalese, Filippo Giannazzo, Giuseppe Greco, Monia Spera, Fabrizio Roccaforte, Marco Cannas, Raffaella Lo Nigro, Corrado Bongiorno, Spera M., Greco G., Nigro R.L., Scalese S., Bongiorno C., Cannas M., Giannazzo F., and Roccaforte F.
- Subjects
Control and Optimization ,Materials science ,Annealing (metallurgy) ,Analytical chemistry ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,02 engineering and technology ,lcsh:Technology ,01 natural sciences ,Condensed Matter::Materials Science ,AlGaN/GaN ,Ta/Al/Ta ,Ti/Al/Ti ,0103 physical sciences ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Ohmic contact ,010302 applied physics ,lcsh:T ,Barrier height ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,Contact resistance ,ohmic contacts ,Heterojunction ,Conductive atomic force microscopy ,Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Microstructure ,Semiconductor ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Energy (miscellaneous) ,Hillock - Abstract
This paper compares the metal/semiconductor barrier height properties of non-recessed Ti/Al/Ti and Ta/Al/Ta contacts on AlGaN/GaN heterostructures. Both contacts exhibited a rectifying behavior after deposition and after annealing at temperatures up to 550 °, C. The ohmic behavior was reached after annealing at 600 °, C. High-resolution morphological and electrical mapping by conductive atomic force microscopy showed a flat surface for both contacts, with the presence of isolated hillocks, which had no significant impact on the contact resistance. Structural analyses indicated the formation of the Al3Ti and Al3Ta phases upon annealing. Furthermore, a thin interfacial TiN layer was observed in the Ti/Al/Ti samples, which is likely responsible for a lower barrier and a better specific contact resistance (c = 1.6 10&minus, 4 Ωcm2) with respect to the Ta/Al/Ta samples (c = 4.0 10&minus, 4 Ωcm2). The temperature dependence of the specific contact resistance was described by a thermionic field emission mechanism, determining barrier height values in the range of 0.58&ndash, 0.63 eV. These results were discussed in terms of the different microstructures of the interfaces in the two systems.
- Published
- 2019
32. MATERIALS AND PROCESSING ISSUES FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF INTEGRATED PASSIVE AND ACTIVE DEVICES ON FLEXIBLE SUBSTRATES
- Author
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Silvia Scalese, S. Alessandrino, Anna Bassi, S. Lo Verso, F. Mangano, Liliana Caristia, A. Pecora, Noemi Graziana Sparta, Salvo Coffa, S. Di Marco, Guglielmo Fortunato, Sebastiano Ravesi, M. A. Di Stefano, Antonino Scandurra, M. Camalleri, Brunella Cafra, Bruno Pignataro, V. Privitera, RAVESI, S, ALESSANDRINI, S, BASSI, A, CAFRA, B, CAMALLERI, M, CARISTIA, L, COFFA, S, DI MARCO, S, DI STEFANO, M, FORTUNATO, G, LO VERSO, S, MANGANO, F, PECORA, A, PIGNATARO, B, PRIVITERA, V, SCALESE, S, SCANDURRA, A, and SPARTA, N
- Subjects
Materials science ,DEVICES, FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS, PLASTIC ELECTRONICS ,Transistor ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Engineering physics ,Flexible electronics ,law.invention ,Characterization (materials science) ,Capacitor ,Thin-film transistor ,law ,Electronic engineering ,Thin film ,Photolithography ,Resistor ,Settore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica - Abstract
Plast_ICs is a Public/Private Laboratory funded by Italian Government aimed to build a novel technological platform for the development of flexible electronics, mainly, but not solely, based on thin inorganic films. Integration of different functions, on single and/or multiple plastic foils, to generate a smart system is the final goal of the project. The building blocks of the platform will be presented, starting from the different plastic substrates characterization, going through the development of active devices, such as thin-film- transistors, and passive devices, like thin-film- resistors, capacitors, inductors. Fully inorganic elementary devices, based on optical patterning and in vacuum thin films deposition on plastic foil will be reported. The performance of each elementary device will be related to fundamental properties of the enabling materials and to the processing conditions. The ability to control and tailor the microstructural properties of the very low temperature deposited thin films enable good dielectric properties for the formation of high density capacitors and good thermal behavior for the formation of precision resistors. The use of optimized laser process allows the poly Si regrowth for the formation of active regions of transistors.
- Published
- 2008
33. Thermal oxidation of Si (001) single crystal implanted with Ge ions
- Author
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Silvia Scalese, Emanuele Rimini, Settimio Mobilio, S. Colonna, Antonio Terrasi, Vito Raineri, F. Iacona, M. Re, F. La Via, Terrasi, A, Scalese, S, Re, M, Rimini, E, Iacona, F, Raineri, V, La Via, F, Colonna, S, and Mobilio, Settimio
- Subjects
Thermal oxidation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ion implantation ,Materials science ,chemistry ,Absorption spectroscopy ,Precipitation (chemistry) ,Oxide ,Analytical chemistry ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Substrate (electronics) ,Rutherford backscattering spectrometry ,Single crystal - Abstract
The thermal oxidation of Ge-implanted Si single crystals has been investigated for different Ge doses (3x1015 cm-2 and 3x1016 cm-2) and different oxidation processes (in wet ambient at 920 °C for 30, 60 and 120 minutes, or dry ambient at 1100 °C for 30 minutes). The oxide roughness, the oxidation rate, the Ge diffusion, precipitation and clustering, have been followed by several experimental techniques: atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. We found that the surface roughness is related to the segregation of Ge at the oxide/substrate interface, occurring when the oxidation rate is faster than the Ge diffusion, in particular at the higher implanted dose (3x1016 cm-2) processed in wet ambient. In these conditions we also observed the oxidation rate enhancement with respect to pure Si and a strong indication that pure Ge clusters have been formed. When a critical Ge concentration at the interface is reached, the oxidation mechanisms changes and a lowering of the oxidation rate is found, along with an evident Ge diffusion into the substrate and a consequent reduction of the Ge fraction at the interface. Nevertheless, the oxide roughness still increases despite of the Ge concentration reduction, keeping memory of initial nucleation of precipitates.
- Published
- 2002
34. Analysis of the role of elution buffers on the separation capabilities of dielectrophoretic devices
- Author
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Alessandra Romano, Michele Cascio, Francesco Di Raimondo, Massimo Camarda, Giusi Irma Forte, Antonino La Magna, Maria Carla Gilardi, Rossana Di Martino, Antonino Magliano, S. Baldo, Giorgio Ivan Russo, Luigi Minafra, Michele Gallo, Silvia Scalese, Di Martino, R, Camarda, M, Cascio, M, Gallo, M, Magliano, A, Baldo, S, Romano, A, Minafra, L, Forte, G, Russo, G, Gilardi, M, Di Raimondo, F, Scalese, S, and La Magna, A
- Subjects
FFF-DEP device ,Dielectrophoresis ,Tumor cells ,02 engineering and technology ,Cell motility ,Conductivity ,01 natural sciences ,Suspension (chemistry) ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Field flow fractionation ,Chromatography ,Elution ,Chemistry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Elution buffer ,Circulating tumor cells ,Cell motility, Circulating tumor cells, Dielectrophoresis, Elution buffer ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,separation of tumor cells ,Cytoplasm ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,Signal Processing ,0210 nano-technology ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Field flow fractionation dielectrophoretic (FFF-DEP) devices are currently used, among the others, for the separation of tumor cells from healthy blood cells. To this end specific suspension/elution buffers (EBs), with reduced conductivity (with respect to that of the cell cytoplasm) are generally used. In this paper we investigate the long-term alterations of the cells and elution buffers. We find that the EB conductivity is critically modified within few minutes after cells suspension. In turn, this modification results in a change the ideal separation frequency of the FFF-DEP device. On the other hand we prove that DEP manipulation is preserved for more than three hours for cells suspended in the considered EBs. Keywords: Dielectrophoresis, Elution buffer, Circulating tumor cells, Cell motility
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35. Theoretical and experimental study of the role of cell-cell dipole interaction in dielectrophoretic devices: application to polynomial electrodes
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Maria Carla Gilardi, Alessandra Alberti, Antonino La Magna, Ruggero Anzalone, Giuseppe Fisicaro, Valentina Bravatà, Andrea Ballo, Francesco La Via, Giorgio Ivan Russo, Luigi Minafra, Gianluca Giustolisi, Giusi Irma Forte, Massimo Camarda, Silvia Scalese, Francesco Paolo Cammarata, Camarda, M, Fisicaro, G, Anzalone, R, Scalese, S, Alberti, A, La Via, F, La Magna, A, Ballo, A, Giustolisi, G, Minafra, L, Cammarata, FP, Bravatà, V, Forte, GI, Russo, G, Gilardi, MC, Cammarata, F, Forte, G, and Gilardi, M
- Subjects
Electrophoresis ,Polynomial ,Monte Carlo method ,Biomedical Engineering ,Cell Communication ,cell-cell dipole ,Molecular physics ,Quantitative Biology::Cell Behavior ,Biomaterials ,Polarizability ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Electric field ,Electric Impedance ,Electronic engineering ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Poisson Distribution ,Electrodes ,Physics ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Research ,General Medicine ,Dipole ,Distribution (mathematics) ,Electrode ,Monte Carlo Method ,Algorithms - Abstract
BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the effect of cell-cell dipole interactions in the equilibrium distributions in dielectrophoretic devices. METHODS: We used a three dimensional coupled Monte Carlo-Poisson method to theoretically study the final distribution of a system of uncharged polarizable particles suspended in a static liquid medium under the action of an oscillating non-uniform electric field generated by polynomial electrodes. The simulated distributions have been compared with experimental ones observed in the case of MDA-MB-231 cells in the same operating conditions. RESULTS: The real and simulated distributions are consistent. In both cases the cells distribution near the electrodes is dominated by cell-cell dipole interactions which generate long chains. CONCLUSIONS: The agreement between real and simulated cells' distributions demonstrate the method's reliability. The distribution are dominated by cell-cell dipole interactions even at low density regimes (105 cell/ml). An improved estimate for the density threshold governing the interaction free regime is suggested.
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36. Sulfonated Pentablock Copolymer (Nexar TM ) for Water Remediation and Other Applications.
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Filice S, Scuderi V, and Scalese S
- Abstract
This review focuses on the use of a sulfonated pentablock copolymer commercialized as Nexar
TM in water purification applications. The properties and the use of sulfonated copolymers, in general, and of NexarTM , in particular, are described within a brief reference focusing on the problem of different water contaminants, purification technologies, and the use of nanomaterials and nanocomposites for water treatment. In addition to desalination and pervaporation processes, adsorption and photocatalytic processes are also considered here. The reported results confirm the possibility of using NexarTM as a matrix for embedded nanoparticles, exploiting their performance in adsorption and photocatalytic processes and preventing their dispersion in the environment. Furthermore, the reported antimicrobial and antibiofouling properties of NexarTM make it a promising material for achieving active coatings that are able to enhance commercial filter lifetime and performance. The coated filters show selective and efficient removal of cationic contaminants in filtration processes, which is not observed with a bare commercial filter. The UV surface treatment and/or the addition of nanostructures such as graphene oxide (GO) flakes confer NexarTM with coating additional functionalities and activity. Finally, other application fields of this polymer are reported, i.e., energy and/or gas separation, suggesting its possible use as an efficient and economical alternative to the more well-known Nafion polymer.- Published
- 2024
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37. Copper Micro-Flowers for Electrocatalytic Sensing of Nitrate Ions in Water.
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Farina R, D'Arrigo G, Alberti A, Scalese S, Capuano GE, Corso D, Screpis GA, Coniglio MA, Condorelli GG, and Libertino S
- Abstract
The progressive increase in nitrate's (NO
3 - concentration detection in water. Copper (Cu) micro-flowers were electrodeposited on top of carbon screen-printed electrodes (SPCEs) via cyclic voltammetry (with voltage ranging from -1.0 V to 0.0 V at a scan rate of 0.1 V s3 - concentration detection in water. Copper (Cu) micro-flowers were electrodeposited on top of carbon screen-printed electrodes (SPCEs) via cyclic voltammetry (with voltage ranging from -1.0 V to 0.0 V at a scan rate of 0.1 V s-1 ). The obtained sensors exhibited a high catalytic activity toward the electro-reduction in NO3 - , with a sensitivity of 44.71 μA/mM. They had a limit of detection of 0.87 µM and a good dynamic linear concentration range from 0.05 to 3 mM. The results were compared to spectrophotometric analysis. In addition, the devices exhibited good stability and a maximum standard deviation (RSD) of 5% after ten measurements; reproducibility, with a maximum RSD of 4%; and repeatability after 10 measurements with the RSD at only 5.63%.- Published
- 2024
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38. Chronoamperometric Ammonium Ion Detection in Water via Conductive Polymers and Gold Nanoparticles.
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Farina R, Scalese S, Corso D, Capuano GE, Screpis GA, Coniglio MA, Condorelli GG, and Libertino S
- Abstract
Monitoring of ammonium ion levels in water is essential due to its significant impact on environmental and human health. This work aims to fabricate and characterize sensitive, real-time, low-cost, and portable amperometric sensors for low NH
4 + concentrations in water. Two strategies were conducted by cyclic voltammetry (CV): electrodeposition of Au nanoparticles on a commercial polyaniline/C electrode (Au/PANI/C), and CV of electropolymerized polyaniline on a commercial carbon electrode (Au/PANIep/C). Au NPs increase the electrical conductivity of PANI and its ability to transfer charges during electrochemical reactions. The electrode performances were tested in a concentration range from 0.35 µM to 7 µM in NH4 + solution. The results show that the Au/PANI/C electrode performs well for high NH4 + concentrations (0.34 µM LoD) and worsens for low NH4 + concentrations (0.01 µM LoD). A reverse performance occurs for the electrode Au/PANIep/C, with a 0.03 µM LoD at low NH4 + concentration and 0.07 µM LoD at high NH4 + concentration. The electrodes exhibit a good reproducibility, with a maximum RSD of 3.68% for Au/PANI/C and 5.94% for Au/PANIep/C. In addition, the results of the repeatability tests show that the electrochemical reaction of sensing is fully reversible, leaving the electrode ready for a new detection event.- Published
- 2024
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39. TiO 2 -MoS 2 -PMMA Nanocomposites for an Efficient Water Remediation.
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Spanò V, Cantarella M, Zimbone M, Giuffrida F, Sfuncia G, Nicotra G, Alberti A, Scalese S, Vitiello L, Carroccio SC, and Impellizzeri G
- Abstract
An improvement of water supply and sanitation and better management of water resources, especially in terms of water reuse, is one of the priorities of the European Green Deal. In this context, it is crucial to find new strategies to recycle wastewater efficiently in a low-cost and eco-friendly manner. The immobilization of inorganic nanomaterials on polymeric matrices has been drawing a lot of attention in recent years due to the extraordinary properties characterizing the as-obtained nanocomposites. The hybrid materials, indeed, combine the properties of the polymers, such as flexibility, low cost, mechanical stability, high durability, and ease of availability, with the properties of the inorganic counterpart. In particular, if the inorganic fillers are nanostructured photocatalysts, the materials will be able to utilize the energy delivered by light to catalyze chemical reactions for efficient wastewater treatment. Additionally, with the anchoring of the nanomaterials to the polymers, the dispersion of the nanomaterials in the environment is prevented, thus overcoming one of the main limits that impede the application of nanostructured photocatalysts on a large scale. In this work, we will present nanocomposites made of polymers, i.e., polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and photocatalytic semiconductors, i.e., TiO
2 nanoparticles (Evonik). MoS2 nanoflakes were also added as co-catalysts to improve the photocatalytic performance of the TiO2 . The hybrid materials were prepared using the sonication and solution casting method. The nanocomposites were deeply characterized, and their remarkable photocatalytic abilities were evaluated by the degradation of two common water pollutants: methyl orange and diclofenac. The relevance of the obtained results will be discussed, opening the route for the application of these materials in photocatalysis and especially for novel wastewater remediation.- Published
- 2024
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40. Ultra-Low Loading of Gold on Nickel Foam for Nitrogen Electrochemistry.
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Tranchida G, Milazzo RG, Leonardi M, Scalese S, Farina RA, Lombardo S, and Privitera SMS
- Abstract
Ammonia (NH
3 ) is widely used in various fields, and it is also considered a promising carbon free energy carrier, due to its high hydrogen content. The nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), which converts nitrogen into ammonia by using protons from water as the hydrogen source, is receiving a lot of attention, since effective process optimization would make it possible to overcome the Haber-Bosch method. In this study, we used a solution-based approach to obtain functionalized porous Ni foam substrates with a small amount of gold (<0.1 mg cm-1 ). We investigated several deposition conditions and obtained different morphologies. The electrochemical performance of various catalysts on the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and NRR has been characterized. The ammonia production yield was determined by chronoamperometry experiments at several potentials, and the results showed a maximum ammonia yield rate of 20 µg h-1 mgcat -1 and a Faradaic efficiency of 5.22%. This study demonstrates the potential of gold-based catalysts for sustainable ammonia production and highlights the importance of optimizing deposition conditions to improve the selectivity toward HER.- Published
- 2023
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41. Molecule Clustering Dynamics in the Molecular Doping Process of Si(111) with Diethyl-propyl-phosphonate.
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Pizzone M, Grimaldi MG, La Magna A, Scalese S, Adam J, and Puglisi RA
- Subjects
- Cluster Analysis, Electric Conductivity, Kinetics, Electricity, Organophosphonates
- Abstract
The molecular doping (MD) process is based on the deposition of dopant-containing molecules over the surface of a semiconductor substrate, followed by the thermal diffusion step. Previous studies suggest that, during the deposition, the molecules nucleate clusters, and at prolonged deposition times, they grow into self-assembled layers on the sample to be doped. Little is known about the influence of nucleation kinetics on the final properties of these layers and how they change when we modify the solution properties. In this work, we examine the nucleation rate and the molecular surface coverage kinetics of diethyl-propyl phosphonate on silicon at different solution concentrations and how these conditions influence the final electrical properties of the doped samples. We present a high-resolution morphological characterization of the as-deposited molecules together with the electrical results of the final doped samples. The experimental results show a non-obvious behavior, explained through understanding of the competition between the molecules' physisorption and chemisorption mechanisms. As a consequence, due to the deeper knowledge of the deposition phase, a finer tuning of the conductive properties of MD-doped samples is achieved.
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- 2023
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42. Enhancement of biological effects of oxidised nano- and microplastics in human professional phagocytes.
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Visalli G, Laganà A, Facciolà A, Iaconis A, Curcio J, Pollino S, Celesti C, Scalese S, Libertino S, Iannazzo D, and Di Pietro A
- Subjects
- Humans, Plastics, Polystyrenes toxicity, Reactive Oxygen Species, Phagocytes chemistry, Microplastics toxicity, Water Pollutants, Chemical toxicity
- Abstract
Micro and nanoplastics are ubiquitous pollutants that can cause adverse health effects even in humans. Effects of virgin and oxidised (simulating the aging processes) polystyrene nano (nPS) and micro particles (mPS) with diameters of 0.1 and 1 µm were studied on human professional phagocytes (i.e., monocyte cells THP-1 and macrophage-like mTHP-1 cells). After characterization by ATR-FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, SEM and dynamic light-scattering analyses, the particles were FITC functionalised to quantify cellular uptake. Changes in the cell compartments were studied by acrydine orange and the pro-oxidant, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were assessed. Phagocytosis was dose- and time- dependent and at 24 h 52% of nPS and 58% of mPS were engulfed. Despite the high homeostasis of professional phagocytes, significant ROS increases and DNA damage were observed after exposure to oxidised particles. The results highlight that the environmental aging processes enhances the adverse health effects of micro and nanoplastics., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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43. Model of Chronoamperometric Response towards Glucose Sensing by Arrays of Gold Nanostructures Obtained by Laser, Thermal and Wet Processes.
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Scandurra A, Iacono V, Boscarino S, Scalese S, Grimaldi MG, and Ruffino F
- Abstract
Non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensors are of great importance in biomedical applications, for the realization of portable diabetic testing kits and continuous glucose monitoring systems. Nanostructured materials show a number of advantages in the applications of analytical electrochemistry, compared to macroscopic electrodes, such as great sensitivity and little dependence on analyte diffusion close to the electrode-solution interface. Obtaining electrodes based on nanomaterials without using expensive lithographic techniques represents a great added value. In this paper, we modeled the chronoamperometric response towards glucose determination by four electrodes consisting of nanostructured gold onto graphene paper (GP). The nanostructures were obtained by electrochemical etch, thermal and laser processes of thin gold layer. We addressed experiments obtaining different size and shape of gold nanostructures. Electrodes have been characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), cyclic voltammetry, and chronoamperometry. We modeled the current-time response at the potential corresponding to two-electrons oxidation process of glucose by the different nanostructured gold systems. The finest nanostructures of 10-200 nm were obtained by laser dewetting of 17 nm thin and 300 °C thermal dewetting of 8 nm thin gold layers, and they show that semi-infinite linear diffusion mechanism predominates over radial diffusion. Electrochemical etching and 17 nm thin gold layer dewetted at 400 °C consist of larger gold islands up to 1 μm. In the latter case, the current-time curves can be fitted by a two-phase exponential decay function that relies on the mixed second-order formation of adsorbed glucose intermediate followed by its first-order decay to gluconolactone.
- Published
- 2023
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44. Alkaline Electro-Sorption of Hydrogen Onto Nanoparticles of Pt, Pd, Pt 80 Pd 20 and Cu(OH) 2 Obtained by Pulsed Laser Ablation.
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Scandurra A, Iacono V, Boscarino S, Scalese S, Grimaldi MG, and Ruffino F
- Abstract
Recently, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media has received a renewed interest both in the fundamental research as well as in practical applications. Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid (PLAL) has been demonstrated as a very useful technique for the unconventional preparation of nanomaterials with amazing electro-catalyst properties toward HER, compared to those of nanomaterials prepared by conventional methods. In this paper, we compared the electro-sorption properties of hydrogen in alkaline media by Pt, Pd, Pt
80 Pd20 , and Cu(OH)2 nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by PLAL. The NPs were placed onto graphene paper (GP). Noble metal particles have an almost spherical shape, whereas Cu(OH)2 presents a flower-bud-like shape, formed by very thin nanowalls. XPS analyses of Cu(OH)2 are compatible with a high co-ordination of Cu(II) centers by OH and H2 O. A thin layer of perfluorosulfone ionomer placed onto the surface of nanoparticles (NPs) enhances their distribution on the surface of graphene paper (GP), thereby improving their electro-catalytic properties. The proposed mechanisms for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on noble metals and Cu(OH)2 are in line with the adsorption energies of H, OH, and H2 O on the surfaces of Pt, Pd, and oxidized copper. A significant spillover mechanism was observed for the noble metals when supported by graphene paper. Cu(OH)2 prepared by PLAL shows a competitive efficiency toward HER that is attributed to its high hydrophilicity which, in turn, is due to the high co-ordination of Cu(II) centers in very thin Cu(OH)2 layers by OH- and H2 O. We propose the formation of an intermediate complex with water which can reduce the barrier energy of water adsorption and dissociation.- Published
- 2023
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45. AZO Nanoparticles-Decorated CNTs for UV Light Sensing: A Structural, Chemical, and Electro-Optical Investigation.
- Author
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Filice S, Boscarino S, Scuderi M, Libertino S, Galati C, Terrasi A, and Scalese S
- Abstract
Nanocomposites formed by aluminum-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (AZO-NP) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNT) are proposed here as a promising material for UV light sensing applications, with the great advantage of operating in air, at room temperature, and at low voltage. Nanocomposite layers were prepared with different AZO:CNT weight ratios by a simple methodology at room temperature. They were characterized by means of UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The interaction between the two nanomaterials was demonstrated by comparing the properties of the nanocomposite with the ones shown by the AZO-NPs. Dense AZO-CNT nanocomposite layers were deposited between two metal electrodes on a SiO
2 /Si substrate, and the electrical properties were investigated in dark condition and under UV light irradiation. The electrical response to the UV light was a sudden current increase that reduced when the light was switched off. Several UV on/off cycles were performed, showing good repeatability and stability of the response. The mechanisms involved in the electrical response are discussed and compared to the ones previously reported for ZnO-CNT nanocomposites.- Published
- 2023
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46. Orange-Peel-Derived Nanobiochar for Targeted Cancer Therapy.
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Iannazzo D, Celesti C, Espro C, Ferlazzo A, Giofrè SV, Scuderi M, Scalese S, Gabriele B, Mancuso R, Ziccarelli I, Visalli G, and Di Pietro A
- Abstract
Cancer-targeted drug delivery systems (DDS) based on carbon nanostructures have shown great promise in cancer therapy due to their ability to selectively recognize specific receptors overexpressed in cancer cells. In this paper, we have explored a green route to synthesize nanobiochar (NBC) endowed with graphene structure from the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of orange peels and evaluated the suitability of this nanomaterial as a nanoplatform for cancer therapy. In order to compare the cancer-targeting ability of different widely used targeting ligands (TL), we have conjugated NBC with biotin, riboflavin, folic acid and hyaluronic acid and have tested, in vitro, their biocompatibility and uptake ability towards a human alveolar cancer cell line (A549 cells). The nanosystems which showed the best biological performances-namely, the biotin- and riboflavin- conjugated systems-have been loaded with the poorly water-soluble drug DHF (5,5-dimethyl-6a-phenyl-3-(trimethylsilyl)-6,6a-dihydrofuro[3,2- b ]furan-2(5 H )-one) and tested for their anticancer activity. The in vitro biological tests demonstrated the ability of both systems to internalize the drug in A549 cells. In particular, the biotin-functionalized NBC caused cell death percentages to more than double with respect to the drug alone. The reported results also highlight the positive effect of the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups, present on the NBC surface, to improve the water dispersion stability of the DDS and thus make the approach of using this nanomaterial as nanocarrier for poorly water-soluble drugs effective.
- Published
- 2022
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47. Sulfonated Pentablock Copolymer Coating of Polypropylene Filters for Dye and Metal Ions Effective Removal by Integrated Adsorption and Filtration Process.
- Author
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Filice S, Scuderi V, Libertino S, Zimbone M, Galati C, Spinella N, Gradon L, Falqui L, and Scalese S
- Subjects
- Adsorption, Alkanesulfonates, Coloring Agents chemistry, Ions, Kinetics, Methylene Blue, Polymers, Polypropylenes, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Water, Metals, Heavy chemistry, Water Pollutants, Chemical chemistry
- Abstract
In this work, we coated polypropylene (PP) fibrous filters with sulfonated pentablock copolymer (s-PBC) layers and tested them for the removal of cationic organic dyes, such as methylene blue (MB), and heavy metal ions (Fe3+ and Co2+) from water by adsorption and filtration experiments. Some of the coated filters were irradiated by UV light before being exposed to contaminated water and then were tested with unirradiated filters in the same adsorption and filtration experiments. Polymer-coated filters showed high efficiency in removing MB from an aqueous solution in both absorption and filtration processes, with 90% and 80% removal, respectively. On the other hand, for heavy metal ions (Fe3+ and Co2+), the coated filters showed a better removal performance in the filtration process than for the adsorption one. In fact, in the adsorption process, controlled interaction times allow the ionic species to interact with the surface of the filters leading to the formation and release of new species in solution. During filtration, the ionic species are easily trapped in the filters, in particular by UV modified filters, and we observed for Fe3+ ions a total removal (>99%) in a single filtration process and for Co2+ ions a larger removal with respect to the untreated filter. The mechanisms involved in the removal of the contaminants processes were investigated by characterizing the filters before and after use by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).
- Published
- 2022
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48. Innovative Antibiofilm Smart Surface against Legionella for Water Systems.
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Filice S, Sciuto EL, Scalese S, Faro G, Libertino S, Corso D, Timpanaro RM, Laganà P, and Coniglio MA
- Abstract
Legionella pneumophila contamination of water systems is a crucial issue for public health. The pathogen is able to persist in water as free-living planktonic bacteria or to grow within biofilms that adhere to and clog filters and pipes in a water system, reducing its lifespan and, in the case of hospital buildings, increasing the risk of nosocomial infections. The implementation of water management is considered to be the main prevention measure and can be achieved from the optimization of water system architecture, notably introducing new materials and strategies to contrast Legionella biofilm proliferation and so prolong the water system functionality. In this research, we propose a new smart surface against L. pneumophila biofilm formation. This is based on an innovative type of coating consisting of a sulfonated pentablock copolymer (s-PBC, commercially named Nexar™) deposited on top of a polypropylene (PP) coupon in a sandwich filter model. The covering of PP with s-PBC results in a more hydrophilic, acid, and negatively charged surface that induces microbial physiological inhibition thereby preventing adhesion and/or proliferation attempts of L. pneumophila prior to the biofilm formation. The antibiofilm property has been investigated by a Zone of Inhibition test and an in vitro biofilm formation analysis. Filtration tests have been performed as representative of possible applications for s-PBC coating. Results are reported and discussed.
- Published
- 2022
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49. Early Stages of Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Growth on Silicon Nanowires.
- Author
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Borgh G, Bongiorno C, Cosentino S, La Magna A, Patanè S, Scalese S, Terrasi A, Torrisi G, and Puglisi RA
- Abstract
Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) is an electrically conductive and optically transparent material with many applications in optoelectronics and photovoltaics as well as in the new field of plasmonic metamaterials. Most of its applications contemplate the use of complex and nanosized materials as substrates onto which the AZO forms the coating layer. Its morphological characteristics, especially the conformality and crystallographic structure, are crucial because they affect its opto-electrical response. Nevertheless, it was difficult to find literature data on AZO layers deposited on non-planar structures. We studied the AZO growth on silicon-nanowires (SiNWs) to understand its morphological evolution when it is formed on quasi one-dimensional nanostructures. We deposited by sputtering different AZO thicknesses, leading from nanoclusters until complete incorporation of the SiNWs array was achieved. At the early stages, AZO formed crystalline nano-islands. These small clusters unexpectedly contained detectable Al, even in these preliminary phases, and showed a wurtzite crystallographic structure. At higher thickness, they coalesced by forming a conformal polycrystalline shell over the nanostructured substrate. As the deposition time increased, the AZO conformal deposition led to a polycrystalline matrix growing between the SiNWs, until the complete array incorporation and planarization. After the early stages, an interesting phenomenon took place leading to the formation of hook-curved SiNWs covered by AZO. These nanostructures are potentially very promising for optical, electro-optical and plasmonic applications.
- Published
- 2022
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50. Study of the Molecule Adsorption Process during the Molecular Doping.
- Author
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Pizzone M, Grimaldi MG, La Magna A, Rahmani N, Scalese S, Adam J, and Puglisi RA
- Abstract
Molecular Doping (MD) involves the deposition of molecules, containing the dopant atoms and dissolved in liquid solutions, over the surface of a semiconductor before the drive-in step. The control on the characteristics of the final doped samples resides on the in-depth study of the molecule behaviour once deposited. It is already known that the molecules form a self-assembled monolayer over the surface of the sample, but little is known about the role and behaviour of possible multiple layers that could be deposited on it after extended deposition times. In this work, we investigate the molecular surface coverage over time of diethyl-propyl phosphonate on silicon, by employing high-resolution morphological and electrical characterization, and examine the effects of the post-deposition surface treatments on it. We present these data together with density functional theory simulations of the molecules-substrate system and electrical measurements of the doped samples. The results allow us to recognise a difference in the bonding types involved in the formation of the molecular layers and how these influence the final doping profile of the samples. This will improve the control on the electrical properties of MD-based devices, allowing for a finer tuning of their performance.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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