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13 results on '"Schwarz, Kai-Uwe"'

1. Perennial biomass cropping and use: shaping the policy ecosystem in European countries

Author

Clifton‐Brown, John, primary, Hastings, Astley, additional, von Cossel, Moritz, additional, Murphy‐Bokern, Donal, additional, McCalmont, Jon, additional, Whittaker, Jeanette, additional, Alexopoulou, Efi, additional, Amaducci, Stefano, additional, Andronic, Larisa, additional, Ashman, Christopher, additional, Awty‐Carroll, Danny, additional, Bhatia, Rakesh, additional, Breuer, Lutz, additional, Cosentino, Salvatore, additional, Cracroft‐Eley, William, additional, Donnison, Iain, additional, Elbersen, Berien, additional, Ferrarini, Andrea, additional, Ford, Judith, additional, Greef, Jörg, additional, Ingram, Julie, additional, Lewandowski, Iris, additional, Magenau, Elena, additional, Mos, Michal, additional, Petrick, Martin, additional, Pogrzeba, Marta, additional, Robson, Paul, additional, Rowe, Rebecca L., additional, Sandu, Anatolii, additional, Schwarz, Kai‐Uwe, additional, Scordia, Danilo, additional, Scurlock, Jonathan, additional, Shepherd, Anita, additional, Thornton, Judith, additional, Trindade, Luisa M., additional, Vetter, Sylvia, additional, Wagner, Moritz, additional, Wu, Pei‐Chen, additional, Yamada, Toshihiko, additional, and Kiesel, Andreas, additional

Published
2023
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3. Breeding Strategies to Improve Miscanthus as a Sustainable Source of Biomass for Bioenergy and Biorenewable Products

Author

Clifton-Brown, John, primary, Schwarz, Kai-Uwe, additional, Awty-Carroll, Danny, additional, Iurato, Antonella, additional, Meyer, Heike, additional, Greef, Jörg, additional, Gwyn, Jeff, additional, Mos, Michal, additional, Ashman, Christopher, additional, Hayes, Charlotte, additional, Huang, Lin, additional, Norris, John, additional, Rodgers, Charlie, additional, Scordia, Danilo, additional, Shafiei, Reza, additional, Squance, Michael, additional, Swaller, Timothy, additional, Youell, Sue, additional, Cosentino, Salvatore, additional, Flavell, Richard, additional, Donnison, Iain, additional, and Robson, Paul, additional

Published
2019
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4. Collecting wild Miscanthus germplasm in Asia for crop improvement and conservation in Europe whilst adhering to the guidelines of the United Nations’ Convention on Biological Diversity

Author

Huang, Lin S, primary, Flavell, Richard, additional, Donnison, Iain S, additional, Chiang, Yu-Chung, additional, Hastings, Astley, additional, Hayes, Charlotte, additional, Heidt, Chris, additional, Hong, Hao, additional, Hsu, Tsai-Wen, additional, Humphreys, Mervyn, additional, Jackson, Julian, additional, Norris, John, additional, Schwarz, Kai-Uwe, additional, Squance, Michael, additional, Swaller, Timothy, additional, Thomas, Ian David, additional, Van Assche, Wilfriede, additional, Xi, Qingguo, additional, Yamada, Toshihiko, additional, Youell, Sue, additional, and Clifton-Brown, John, additional

Published
2018
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5. Environmental influences on the growing season duration and ripening of diverse Miscanthus germplasm grown in six countries

Author

Nunn, Christopher, Hastings, Astley Francis St. John, Kalinina, Olena, Özgüven, Mensure, Schüle, Heinrich, Tarakanov, Ivan G., Van Der Weijde, Tim, Anisimov, Aleksander A., Iqbal, Yasir, Kiesel, Andreas, Khokhlov, Nikolay F., McCalmont, Jon P., Meyer, Heike, Mos, Michal, Schwarz, Kai-Uwe, Trindade, Luisa M., Lewandowski, Iris, and Clifton-Brown, John C.

Subjects
Multi-location, PBR Biobased Economy, PBR Bio-based Economy, Modeling, Ripening, lcsh:SB1-1110, Plant Science, Miscanthus, lcsh:Plant culture, EPS, Senescence, Original Research
Abstract

The development of models to predict yield potential and quality of a Miscanthus crop must consider climatic limitations and the duration of growing season. As a biomass crop, yield and quality are impacted by the timing of plant developmental transitions such as flowering and senescence. Growth models are available for the commercially grown clone Miscanthus x giganteus (Mxg), but breeding programs have been working to expand the germplasm available, including development of interspecies hybrids. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of diverse germplasm beyond the range of environments considered suitable for a Miscanthus crop to be grown. To achieve this, six field sites were planted as part of the EU OPTIMISC project in 2012 in a longitudinal gradient from West to East: Wales—Aberystwyth, Netherlands—Wageningen, Stuttgart—Germany, Ukraine—Potash, Turkey—Adana, and Russia—Moscow. Each field trial contained three replicated plots of the same 15 Miscanthus germplasm types. Through the 2014 growing season, phenotypic traits were measured to determine the timing of developmental stages key to ripening; the tradeoff between growth (yield) and quality (biomass ash and moisture content). The hottest site (Adana) showed an accelerated growing season, with emergence, flowering and senescence occurring before the other sites. However, the highest yields were produced at Potash, where emergence was delayed by frost and the growing season was shortest. Flowering triggers varied with species and only in Mxg was strongly linked to accumulated thermal time. Our results show that a prolonged growing season is not essential to achieve high yields if climatic conditions are favorable and in regions where the growing season is bordered by frost, delaying harvest can improve quality of the harvested biomass.

Published
2017

6. Extending Miscanthus Cultivation with Novel Germplasm at Six Contrasting Sites

Author

Kalinina, Olena, primary, Nunn, Christopher, additional, Sanderson, Ruth, additional, Hastings, Astley F. S., additional, van der Weijde, Tim, additional, Özgüven, Mensure, additional, Tarakanov, Ivan, additional, Schüle, Heinrich, additional, Trindade, Luisa M., additional, Dolstra, Oene, additional, Schwarz, Kai-Uwe, additional, Iqbal, Yasir, additional, Kiesel, Andreas, additional, Mos, Michal, additional, Lewandowski, Iris, additional, and Clifton-Brown, John C., additional

Published
2017
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7. Genetic Diversity of Salt Tolerance in Miscanthus

Author

Chen, Chang-Lin, primary, van der Schoot, Hanneke, additional, Dehghan, Shiva, additional, Alvim Kamei, Claire L., additional, Schwarz, Kai-Uwe, additional, Meyer, Heike, additional, Visser, Richard G. F., additional, and van der Linden, C. Gerard, additional

Published
2017
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8. Progress on Optimizing Miscanthus Biomass Production for the European Bioeconomy: Results of the EU FP7 Project OPTIMISC

Author

Lewandowski, Iris, primary, Clifton-Brown, John, additional, Trindade, Luisa M., additional, van der Linden, Gerard C., additional, Schwarz, Kai-Uwe, additional, Müller-Sämann, Karl, additional, Anisimov, Alexander, additional, Chen, C.-L., additional, Dolstra, Oene, additional, Donnison, Iain S., additional, Farrar, Kerrie, additional, Fonteyne, Simon, additional, Harding, Graham, additional, Hastings, Astley, additional, Huxley, Laurie M., additional, Iqbal, Yasir, additional, Khokhlov, Nikolay, additional, Kiesel, Andreas, additional, Lootens, Peter, additional, Meyer, Heike, additional, Mos, Michal, additional, Muylle, Hilde, additional, Nunn, Chris, additional, Özgüven, Mensure, additional, Roldán-Ruiz, Isabel, additional, Schüle, Heinrich, additional, Tarakanov, Ivan, additional, van der Weijde, Tim, additional, Wagner, Moritz, additional, Xi, Qingguo, additional, and Kalinina, Olena, additional

Published
2016
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9. Collecting wild Miscanthus germplasm in Asia for crop improvement and conservation in Europe whilst adhering to the guidelines of the United Nations' Convention on Biological Diversity.

Author

Huang, Lin S, Flavell, Richard, Donnison, Iain S, Chiang, Yu-Chung, Hastings, Astley, Hayes, Charlotte, Heidt, Chris, Hong, Hao, Hsu, Tsai-Wen, Humphreys, Mervyn, Jackson, Julian, Norris, John, Schwarz, Kai-Uwe, Squance, Michael, Swaller, Timothy, Thomas, Ian David, Assche, Wilfriede Van, Xi, Qingguo, Yamada, Toshihiko, and Youell, Sue

Subjects
CONVENTION on Biological Diversity (1992), CROP improvement, GERMPLASM, MISCANTHUS, ENERGY crops, PLANT breeding
Abstract

Background and Aims Germplasm with diverse, agronomically relevant traits forms the foundation of a successful plant breeding programme. Since 1993, the United Nations has been advocating the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the subsequent 2002 Bonn Guidelines as international best practice on germplasm collection and use. In 2006, a European team made an expedition to Asia to collect wild germplasm of Miscanthus , a C4 perennial rhizomatous grass, for breeding an environmentally adaptable, resilient and high-yielding bioenergy crop. We outline general aspects of germplasm collection, conservation, breeding and biomass production evaluation while following the CBD's guidelines, respecting biodiversity and conservation needs, and the ethical use of genetic resources. Methods Effective protocols, quarantine, methods for collecting seed and rhizomes, and a genebank for conservation were established. Versatile informatics and database architecture were used to assist in selection, flowering synchronization, crossing, evaluation, phenotyping and data integration. Approaches were formulated to comply with the CBD guidelines. Key Results A total of 303 accessions of M. sinensis , M. sacchariflorus and M. floridulus were collected from 158 geographically and environmentally diverse locations. These species were shown to accumulate different amounts of aerial biomass due to combinations of stem count, height and thickness. Progeny from one interspecies cross accumulated more biomass in early trials and has shown double the yield performance in years 3–4 compared with the existing commercial cultivar M. × giganteus. An example of an F1 hybrid has already demonstrated the long-term potential of exploiting this collection for a breeding programme. Conclusions By conforming to the CBD principles, the authors' international collaboration provides a practical example of implementing the CBD. The collection widened the genetic diversity of Miscanthus available to allow for breeding of novel hybrids that exhibit more diverse traits to increase yield and resilience for growth on marginal land and in climate-challenged environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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10. Progress in upscalingMiscanthusbiomass production for the European bio-economy with seed-based hybrids

Author

Clifton-Brown, John, primary, Hastings, Astley, additional, Mos, Michal, additional, McCalmont, Jon P., additional, Ashman, Chris, additional, Awty-Carroll, Danny, additional, Cerazy, Joanna, additional, Chiang, Yu-Chung, additional, Cosentino, Salvatore, additional, Cracroft-Eley, William, additional, Scurlock, Jonathan, additional, Donnison, Iain S., additional, Glover, Chris, additional, Gołąb, Izabela, additional, Greef, Jörg M., additional, Gwyn, Jeff, additional, Harding, Graham, additional, Hayes, Charlotte, additional, Helios, Waldemar, additional, Hsu, Tsai-Wen, additional, Huang, Lin S., additional, Jeżowski, Stanisław, additional, Kim, Do-Soon, additional, Kiesel, Andreas, additional, Kotecki, Andrzej, additional, Krzyzak, Jacek, additional, Lewandowski, Iris, additional, Lim, Soo Hyun, additional, Liu, Jianxiu, additional, Loosely, Marc, additional, Meyer, Heike, additional, Murphy-Bokern, Donal, additional, Nelson, Walter, additional, Pogrzeba, Marta, additional, Robinson, George, additional, Robson, Paul, additional, Rogers, Charlie, additional, Scalici, Giovanni, additional, Schuele, Heinrich, additional, Shafiei, Reza, additional, Shevchuk, Oksana, additional, Schwarz, Kai-Uwe, additional, Squance, Michael, additional, Swaller, Tim, additional, Thornton, Judith, additional, Truckses, Thomas, additional, Botnari, Vasile, additional, Vizir, Igor, additional, Wagner, Moritz, additional, Warren, Robin, additional, Webster, Richard, additional, Yamada, Toshihiko, additional, Youell, Sue, additional, Xi, Qingguo, additional, Zong, Junqin, additional, and Flavell, Richard, additional

Published
2016
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11. Genetic Diversity of Salt Tolerance in Miscanthus.

Author

Chang-Lin Chen, van der Schoot, Hanneke, Dehghan, Shiva, Alvim Kamei, Claire L., Schwarz, Kai-Uwe, Meyer, Heike, Visser, Richard G. F., and van der Linden, C. Gerard

Subjects
MISCANTHUS, EFFECT of salt on plants, GRASS genetics
Abstract

Miscanthus is a woody rhizomatous C4 grass that can be used as a CO2 neutral biofuel resource. It has potential to grow in marginal areas such as saline soils, avoiding competition for arable lands with food crops. This study explored genetic diversity for salt tolerance in Miscanthus and discovered mechanisms and traits that can be used to improve the yield under salt stress. Seventy genotypes of Miscanthus (including 57 M. sinensis, 5 M. sacchariflorus, and 8 hybrids) were evaluated for salt tolerance under saline (150 mM NaCl) and normal growing conditions using a hydroponic system. Analyses of shoot growth traits and ion concentrations revealed the existence of large variation for salt tolerance in the genotypes. We identified genotypes with potential for high biomass production both under control and saline conditions that may be utilized for growth under marginal, saline conditions. Several relatively salt tolerant genotypes had clearly lower Na+ concentrations and showed relatively high K+/Na+ ratios in the shoots under salt stress, indicating that a Na+ exclusion mechanism was utilized to prevent Na+ accumulation in the leaves. Other genotypes showed limited reduction in leaf expansion and growth rate under saline conditions, which may be indicative of osmotic stress tolerance. The genotypes demonstrating potentially different salt tolerance mechanisms can serve as startingmaterial for breeding programs aimed at improving salinity tolerance of Miscanthus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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13. Establishment, Development and Yield Quality of Fifteen Miscanthus Genotypes over Three Years in Denmark.

Author

Jørgensen, Uffe, Mortensen, Jørgen, Kjeldsen, Jens Bonderup, and Schwarz*, Kai-uwe

Subjects
MISCANTHUS, PLANT breeders, BIOMASS, HARVESTING
Abstract

Fifteen miscanthus genotypes selected by European plant breeders were field tested in Denmark over a three-year period. The genotypes belonged to four groups: 1) M. x giganteus 2) M. sacchariflorus 3) Miscanthus hybrids and 4) Pure M. sinensis . All genotypes established well during the first summer with a maximum of 10% plant loss. Survival during the first winter varied from no survival of M. x giganteus to 85-99% survival of most pure M. sinensis and of the hybrids. Biomass yield harvested in October-November increased each year to a mean of 10.8 tonnes DM/ha in 1999. The highest yield was 18.5 tonnes DM/ha. Delaying harvest until February 2000 decreased moisture content from a genotype mean of 63% in October to 29%, and decreased mean yield by 35%. The contents of K, Cl and ash were significantly lower at delayed harvest, while N and S contents only decreased slightly. Genotype differences in time of flowering and in mineral contents are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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