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360 results on '"Sepanlou, Sadaf G."'

1. Level and trend of total plasma cholesterol in national and subnational of Iran: a systematic review and age-spatio-temporal analysis from 1990 to 2016

Author

Mehdipour, Parinaz, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Ahmadvand, Alireza, Peykari, Niloofar, Djalalinia, Shirin, Rezaei-Darzi, Ehsan, Mohebi, Farnam, Moradi, Yousef, Samaei, Mehrnoosh, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Jamshidi, Hamidreza, and Farzadfar, Farshad

Subjects
Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, NASBOD Risk Collaborating Group, Cholesterol, Hypercholesterolemia, Iran, Longitudinal studies, Prevalence, Systematic review and meta-analysis, Public Health and Health Services, Clinical sciences, Medical biochemistry and metabolomics
Abstract

PurposeWe aimed to estimate the level and trend of plasma cholesterol and raised total cholesterol (TC > 200 mg/dl) prevalence at national and subnational level of Iran.MethodsNine national surveys and 27 studies, encompassing 3,505 unique points on over 500,000 adults, aged > 25 years with a report of laboratory measurement of TC were found. Age-spatio-temporal model and Gaussian Process Regression were used to estimate mean TC for each sex, 5-year age groups, and 31 provinces from 1990 to 2016.ResultsAt national level, age-standardized prevalence of TC > 200 mg/dL has decreased from 57·2%(53·3-61·1) to 22·4%(20·5-24·3) in women and 53·2%(49·1-57·3) to 18·0%(16·4-19·6) in men. TC distribution presented a condensation between 170-200 mg/dL. At subnational level, decreasing and converging patterns of raised TC prevalence were detected.ConclusionThe decrease in raised TC is likely the result of statin widespread use, food industry improvements, and the expanded primary health care.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-022-01052-w.

Published
2022

4. Temporal patterns of cancer burden in Asia, 1990–2019: a systematic examination for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study

Author

Sharma, Rajesh, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abidi, Hassan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abrehdari-Tafreshi, Zahra, Absalan, Abdorrahim, Ali, Hiwa Abubaker, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Acuna, Juan Manuel, Adib, Nasrin, Sakilah Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas, Aghaei, Abbas, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed, Luai A., Ajami, Marjan, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Saeed Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali, Al-Hanawi, Mohammed Khaled, Ali, Abid, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Alimohamadi, Yousef, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Ali Al-Maweri, Sadeq Ali, Alqahatni, Saleh A., AlQudah, Mohammad, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M., Al-Tammemi, Ala'a B., Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Anwar, Sumadi Lukman, Anwer, Razique, Aqeel, Muhammad, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Ariffin, Hany, Artaman, Al, Arulappan, Judie, Ashraf, Tahira, Askari, Elaheh, Athar, Mohammad, Wahbi Atout, Maha Moh'd, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Badar, Muhammad, Badiye, Ashish D., Baghcheghi, Nayereh, Bagherieh, Sara, Bai, Ruhai, Bajbouj, Khuloud, Baliga, Shrikala, Bardhan, Mainak, Bashiri, Azadeh, Baskaran, Pritish, Basu, Saurav, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Nazer C Bermudez, Amiel, Bhandari, Bharti, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bitaraf, Saeid, Boloor, Archith, Hashemi, Milad Bonakdar, Butt, Zahid A., Chadwick, Joshua, Kai Chan, Jeffrey Shi, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaturvedi, Pankaj, Cho, William C.S., Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, Dehghan, Amin, Dhali, Arkadeep, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Dibas, Mahmoud, Dixit, Abhinav, Dixit, Shilpi Gupta, Dorostkar, Fariba, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Elbarazi, Iffat, Elemam, Noha Mousaad, El-Huneidi, Waseem, Elkord, Eyad, Abdou Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek, Emamian, Mohammad Hassan, Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj, Ezzeddini, Rana, Fadoo, Zehra, Faiz, Razana, Fakhradiyev, Ildar Ravisovich, Fallahzadeh, Aida, Faris, MoezAlIslam Ezzat Mahmoud, Farrokhpour, Hossein, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fattahi, Hamed, Fekadu, Ginenus, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Galehdar, Nasrin, Garg, Priyanka, Ghadirian, Fataneh, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghasemi, MohammadReza, Nour, Mohammad Ghasemi, Ghassemi, Fariba, Gholamalizadeh, Maryam, Gholamian, Asadollah, Ghotbi, Elena, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Goyal, Sahil, Mohialdeen Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim, Gunasekera, D Sanjeeva, Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga, Gupta, Sapna, Habibzadeh, Parham, Haeri Boroojeni, Helia Sadat, Halboub, Esam S., Hamadeh, Randah R., Hamoudi, Rifat, Harorani, Mehdi, Hasanian, Mohammad, Hassan, Treska S., Hay, Simon I., Heidari, Mohammad, Heidari-Foroozan, Mahsa, Hessami, Kamran, Hezam, Kamal, Hiraike, Yuta, Holla, Ramesh, Hoseini, Mohammad, Hossain, Md Mahbub, Hossain, Sahadat, Hsieh, Vivian Chia-rong, Huang, Junjie, Hussein, Nawfal R., Hwang, Bing-Fang, Iravanpour, Farideh, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iwagami, Masao, Merin J, Linda, Jadidi-Niaragh, Farhad, Jafarinia, Morteza, Jahani, Mohammad Ali, Jahrami, Haitham, Jaiswal, Abhishek, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jalili, Mahsa, Jamshidi, Elham, Jayarajah, Umesh, Jayaram, Shubha, Jha, Sweety Suman, Jokar, Mohammad, Joseph, Nitin, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Md. Awal, Kadir, Dler Hussein, Kakodkar, Pradnya Vishal, Kalankesh, Laleh R., Kalankesh, Leila R., Kalhor, Rohollah, Kaliyadan, Feroze, Kamal, Vineet Kumar, Kamal, Zul, Kamath, Ashwin, Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar, Karimi, Hanie, Kaur, Navjot, Keikavoosi-Arani, Leila, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, M Nuruzzaman, Khan, Maseer, Khan, Moien A.B., Khan, Yusra H., Khanmohammadi, Shaghayegh, Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad, Khateri, Sorour, Khayamzadeh, Maryam, Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza, Kim, Min Seo, Kompani, Farzad, Koohestani, Hamid Reza, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Krishan, Kewal, Kumar, Narinder, Kumar, Naveen, Kutluk, Tezer, Kuttikkattu, Ambily, Ching Lai, Daphne Teck, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lami, Faris Hasan, Lasrado, Savita, Lee, Sang-Woong, Lee, Seung Won, Lee, Yeong Yeh, Lee, Yo Han, Leong, Elvynna, Li, Ming-Chieh, Liu, Jue, Madadizadeh, Farzan, Mafi, Ahmad R., Mahjoub, Soleiman, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Malik, Iram, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Martini, Santi, Mathews, Elezebeth, Mathur, Manu Raj, Meena, Jitendra Kumar, Menezes, Ritesh G., Mirfakhraie, Reza, Mirinezhad, Seyed Kazem, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Mohammad, Mithra, Prasanna, Mohamadkhani, Ashraf, Mohammadi, Soheil, Mohammadzadeh, Maryam, Mohan, Syam, Mokdad, Ali H., Al Montasir, Ahmed, Montazeri, Fateme, Moradi, Maryam, Sarabi, Mostafa Moradi, Moradpour, Farhad, Moradzadeh, Maliheh, Moraga, Paula, Mosapour, Abbas, Motaghinejad, Majid, Mubarik, Sumaira, Muhammad, Jibran Sualeh, Murray, Christopher J.L., Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nargus, Shumaila, Natto, Zuhair S., Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Nguyen, Phuong The, Niazi, Robina Khan, Noroozi, Nafise, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul, Ong, Sokking, Oommen, Anu Mary, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pandey, Ashok, Park, Eun-Kee, Park, Seoyeon, Pati, Siddhartha, Patil, Shankargouda, Paudel, Rajan, Paudel, Uttam, Pirestani, Majid, Podder, Indrashis, Pourali, Ghazaleh, Pourjafar, Mona, Pourshams, Akram, Syed, Zahiruddin Quazi, Radhakrishnan, Raghu Anekal, Radhakrishnan, Venkatraman, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmani, Shayan, Rahmanian, Vahid, Ramesh, Pushkal Sinduvadi, Rana, Juwel, Rao, Indu Ramachandra, Rao, Sowmya J., Rashedi, Sina, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaei, Negar, Rezaei, Nima, Rezaei, Saeid, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Chandan, S.N., Saber-Ayad, Maha Mohamed, Sabour, Siamak, Sabzmakan, Leila, Saddik, Basema, Saeed, Umar, Safi, Sher Zaman, Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh Saheb, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Harihar, Sajedi, Seyed Aidin, Sajid, Mirza Rizwan, Salehi, Mohammad Amin, Farrokhi, Amir Salek, Sarasmita, Made Ary, Sargazi, Saman, Sarode, Gargi Sachin, Sarode, Sachin C., Sathian, Brijesh, Satpathy, Maheswar, Semwal, Prabhakar, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Shafeghat, Melika, Shahabi, Saeed, Shahbandi, Ataollah, Shahraki-Sanavi, Fariba, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, Shobeiri, Parnian, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Shrestha, Sunil, Siabani, Soraya, Singh, Garima, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Siwal, Samarjeet Singh, Sreeram, Saraswathy, Suleman, Muhammad, Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi, Sultan, Iyad, Sultana, Abida, Tabish, Mohammad, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Taheri, Majid, Talaat, Iman M., Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thomas, Nihal, Thomas, Nikhil Kenny, Tiyuri, Amir, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Toghroli, Razie, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Ullah, Sana, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Upadhyay, Era, Tahbaz, Sahel Valadan, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Waheed, Yasir, Wang, Song, Wickramasinghe, Dakshitha Praneeth, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Xiao, Hong, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Younis, Mustafa Z., Yu, Chuanhua, Zahir, Mazyar, Zaki, Nazar, Zamanian, Maryam, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhao, Hanqing, Zitoun, Osama A., and Zoladl, Mohammad

Published
2024
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5. Global burden of peripheral artery disease and its risk factors, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Kim, Min Seo, Hwang, Jimin, Yon, Dong Keon, Lee, Seung Won, Jung, Se Yong, Park, Seoyeon, Johnson, Catherine Owens, Stark, Benjamin A, Razo, Christian, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abhari, Amir Parsa, Aboyans, Victor, Adane, Denberu Eshetie Adane, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Alahdab, Fares, Almustanyir, Sami, Aly, Hany, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Anderson, Jason A, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Aryan, Zahra, Aujayeb, Avinash, Bagherieh, Sara, Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin, Banach, Maciej, Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Bearne, Lindsay M, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Bensenor, Isabela M, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhat, Vivek, Bikbov, Boris, Bintoro, Bagas Suryo, Burkart, Katrin, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Catapano, Alberico L, Chandrasekar, Eeshwar K, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chi, Gerald, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Cirillo, Massimo, Coberly, Kaleb, Costa, Vera Marisa, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Do, Thanh Chi, Doshi, Rajkumar, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Elgendy, Islam Y, Elhadi, Muhammed, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Feizkhah, Alireza, Fekadu, Ginenus, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Goldust, Mohamad, Golechha, Mahaveer, Guan, Shi-Yang, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Hadei, Mostafa, Hadi, Najah R, Hammoud, Ahmad, Hankey, Graeme J, Harlianto, Netanja I, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassen, Mohammed Bheser, Heidari, Golnaz, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Iwagami, Masao, Jokar, Mohammad, Jonas, Jost B, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Kazemian, Sina, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khalaji, Amirmohammad, Khan, Moien AB, Khateri, Sorour, Kibret, Biruk Getahun, Korzh, Oleksii, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Krishan, Kewal, Kumar, Akshay, Kumar, Manoj, Kuttikkattu, Ambily, Laksono, Tri, Larijani, Bagher, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Lim, Stephen S, Liu, Xuefeng, Lorkowski, Stefan, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Malhotra, Kashish, Manla, Yosef, Maugeri, Andrea, Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina, Mirica, Andreea, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Manish, Mohammad, Yousef, Mokdad, Ali H, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Montasir, Ahmed Al, Moradi, Yousef, Moraga, Paula, Morovatdar, Negar, Mousavi-Aghdas, Seyed Ali, Murray, Christopher J L, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Nassereldine, Hasan, Natto, Zuhair S, Nguyen, Dang H, Nguyen, Hien Quang, Nguyen, Van Thanh, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Oancea, Bogdan, Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Padron-Monedero, Alicia, Perico, Norberto, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Radfar, Amir, Rafferty, Quinn, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Ram, Pradhum, Rashedi, Sina, Rashid, Ahmed Mustafa, Rawaf, Salman, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M N, Rezaee, Malihe, Roever, Leonardo, Saad, Aly M A, Saadatagah, Seyedmohammad, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Saleh, Mohamed A, Samy, Abdallah M, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Seylani, Allen, Sharfaei, Sadaf, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Paramdeep, Spartalis, Michael, Sundström, Johan, Tan, Ker-Kan, Teramoto, Masayuki, Tharwat, Samar, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Van den Eynde, Jef, Vart, Priya, Wang, Cong, Wang, Fang, Westerman, Ronny, Xia, Juan, Xu, Suowen, Yada, Dereje Y, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zahir, Mazyar, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zarrintan, Armin, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zastrozhina, Anasthasia, Zoladl, Mohammad, Hay, Simon I, Shin, Jae Il, and Roth, Gregory A

Published
2023
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6. Global, regional, and national incidence of six major immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: findings from the global burden of disease study 2019

Author

Wu, Dongze, Jin, Yingzhao, Xing, Yuhan, Abate, Melsew Dagne, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abedi, Aidin, Abedi, Vida, Abidi, Hassan, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abuabara, Katrina, Abyadeh, Morteza, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adeniji, Kayode Nelson, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adesina, Miracle Ayomikun, Sakilah Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas, Afarideh, Mohsen, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agodi, Antonella, Agrawal, Anurag, Aguilera Arriagada, Constanza Elizabeth, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Sohail, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Aithala, Janardhana P., Ajadi, Abdullateef Abiodun, Ajami, Marjan, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, Mostafa, Alahdab, Fares, AlBataineh, Mohammad T., Alemi, Sharifullah, Saeed Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali, Ali, Liaqat, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Almazan, Joseph Uy, Almustanyir, Sami, Alqahtani, Jaber S., Alqasmi, Ibrahim, Khan Altaf, Ihsan Ullah, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J., Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed, Aly, Hany, Amani, Reza, Amu, Hubert, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Ansar, Adnan, Ansariniya, Hossein, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Arabloo, Jalal, Arefnezhad, Reza, Arulappan, Judie, Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad, Ashraf, Tahira, Atata, Jamila Abdulhamid, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atlaw, Daniel, Wahbi Atout, Maha Moh'd, Aujayeb, Avinash, Awan, Asma Tahir, Ayatollahi, Haleh, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azzam, Ahmed Y., Badawi, Alaa, Badiye, Ashish D., Bagherieh, Sara, Baig, Atif Amin, Bantie, Berihun Bantie, Barchitta, Martina, Bardhan, Mainak, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Barone-Adesi, Francesco, Batra, Kavita, Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Bemanalizadeh, Maryam, Bensenor, Isabela M., Beyene, Kebede A., Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bitaraf, Saeid, Bitra, Veera R., Boloor, Archith, Bora, Kaustubh, Botelho, João Silva, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Calina, Daniela, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Carvalho, Andre F., Kai Chan, Jeffrey Shi, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Abebe, Endeshaw Chekol, Chichagi, Fatemeh, Choi, Sungchul, Chou, Tzu-Chieh, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Coberly, Kaleb, Costa, Vera Marisa, Couto, Rosa A.S., Cruz-Martins, Natália, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Damiani, Giovanni, Dascalu, Ana Maria, Dashti, Mohsen, Debela, Sisay Abebe, Dellavalle, Robert Paul, Demetriades, Andreas K., Demlash, Alemayehu Anley, Deng, Xinlei, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Desai, Rupak, Rahman Dewan, Syed Masudur, Dey, Sourav, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Diaz, Daniel, Dibas, Mahmoud, Dinis-Oliveira, Ricardo Jorge, Diress, Mengistie, Do, Thanh Chi, Doan, Duy Khanh, Dodangeh, Masoud, Dodangeh, Milad, Dongarwar, Deepa, Dube, John, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Eissazade, Negin, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, Elemam, Noha Mousaad, Elhadi, Muhammed, Elmehrath, Ahmed O., Abdou Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek, Emamverdi, Mehdi, Emeto, Theophilus I., Esayas, Hawi Leul, Eshetu, Habitu Birhan, Etaee, Farshid, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Faghani, Shahriar, Fakhradiyev, Ildar Ravisovich, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fathi, Mobina, Feizkhah, Alireza, Fekadu, Ginenus, Fereidouni, Mohammad, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, João C., Ferrara, Pietro, Fetensa, Getahun, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foroutan, Behzad, Foroutan, Masoud, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Ganesan, Balasankar, Belete Gemeda, Belete Negese, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, Ghasemi, MohammadReza, Gholamalizadeh, Maryam, Gill, Tiffany K., Gillum, Richard F., Goldust, Mohamad, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Golinelli, Davide, Goudarzi, Houman, Guan, Shi-Yang, Guo, Yang, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Haddadi, Rasool, Hadi, Najah R., Halwani, Rabih, Haque, Shafiul, Hasan, Ikramul, Hashempour, Reza, Hassan, Amr, Hassan, Treska S., Hassanzadeh, Sara, Hassen, Mohammed Bheser, Haubold, Johannes, Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari, Mohammad, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hessami, Kamran, Hezam, Kamal, Hiraike, Yuta, Holla, Ramesh, Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar, Huynh, Hong-Han, Hwang, Bing-Fang, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilic, Irena M., Ilic, Milena D., Iranmehr, Arad, Iravanpour, Farideh, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iwagami, Masao, Iwu, Chidozie C.D., Jacob, Louis, Jafarinia, Morteza, Jafarzadeh, Abdollah, Jahankhani, Kasra, Jahrami, Haitham, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jamshidi, Elham, Jani, Chinmay T., Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayaram, Shubha, Jeganathan, Jayakumar, Jonas, Jost B., Joseph, Abel, Joseph, Nitin, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Vaishali, K., Kaambwa, Billingsley, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kaliyadan, Feroze, Kalroozi, Fatemeh, Kamal, Vineet Kumar, Kandel, Amit, Kandel, Himal, Kanungo, Srikanta, Karami, Jafar, Karaye, Ibraheem M., Karimi, Hanie, Kasraei, Hengameh, Kazemian, Sina, Kebede, Sewnet Adem, Keikavoosi-Arani, Leila, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khamesipour, Faham, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Imteyaz A., Khan, Maseer, Khan, Md Jobair, Khan, Moien A.B., Khan, Muhammad Arslan, Khatatbeh, Haitham, Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad, Khateri, Sorour, Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza, Kim, Min Seo, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Koh, Hyun Yong, Kolkhir, Pavel, Korzh, Oleksii, Kotnis, Ashwin Laxmikant, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Kuddus, Mohammed, Kulkarni, Vishnutheertha Vishnutheertha, Kumar, Narinder, Kundu, Satyajit, Kurmi, Om P., La Vecchia, Carlo, Lahariya, Chandrakant, Laksono, Tri, Lám, Judit, Latief, Kamaluddin, Lauriola, Paolo, Lawal, Basira Kankia, Thu Le, Thao Thi, Bich Le, Trang Thi, Lee, Munjae, Lee, Seung Won, Lee, Wei-Chen, Lee, Yo Han, Lenzi, Jacopo, Levi, Miriam, Li, Wei, Ligade, Virendra S., Lim, Stephen S., Liu, Gang, Liu, Xuefeng, Llanaj, Erand, Lo, Chun-Han, Machado, Vanessa Sintra, Maghazachi, Azzam A., Mahmoud, Mansour Adam, Mai, Tuan A., Majeed, Azeem, Sanaye, Pantea Majma, Makram, Omar Mohamed, Rad, Elaheh Malakan, Malhotra, Kashish, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Malik, Iram, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Martorell, Miquel, Masoudi, Sahar, Masoumi, Seyedeh Zahra, Mathangasinghe, Yasith, Mathews, Elezebeth, Mathioudakis, Alexander G., Maugeri, Andrea, Mayeli, Mahsa, Carabeo Medina, John Robert, Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Mendes, José João, Menezes, Ritesh G., Mestrovic, Tomislav, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina, Mihretie, Ephrem Tesfaye, Nhat Minh, Le Huu, Mirfakhraie, Reza, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Misganaw, Awoke, Mohamadkhani, Ashraf, Mohamed, Nouh Saad, Mohammadi, Faezeh, Mohammadi, Soheil, Mohammed, Salahuddin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Syam, Mohseni, Anita, Mokdad, Ali H., Momtazmanesh, Sara, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Moniruzzaman, Md, Moradi, Yousef, Morovatdar, Negar, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Mousavi, Parsa, Mukoro, George Duke, Mulita, Admir, Mulu, Getaneh Baye, Murillo-Zamora, Efrén, Musaigwa, Fungai, Mustafa, Ghulam, Muthu, Sathish, Nainu, Firzan, Nangia, Vinay, Swamy, Sreenivas Narasimha, Natto, Zuhair S., Navaraj, Perumalsamy, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nazri-Panjaki, Athare, Negash, Hadush, Nematollahi, Mohammad Hadi, Nguyen, Dang H., Hien Nguyen, Hau Thi, Nguyen, Hien Quang, Nguyen, Phat Tuan, Nguyen, Van Thanh, Niazi, Robina Khan, Nikolouzakis, Taxiarchis Konstantinos, Nnyanzi, Lawrence Achilles, Noreen, Mamoona, Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Oancea, Bogdan, Oh, In-Hwan, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Okwute, Patrick Godwin, Olagunju, Andrew T., Olatubi, Matthew Idowu, Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa, Ordak, Michal, Otstavnov, Nikita, Owolabi, Mayowa O., Mahesh, P.A., Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pak, Anton, Pakzad, Reza, Palladino, Raffaele, Pana, Adrian, Pantazopoulos, Ioannis, Papadopoulou, Paraskevi, Pardhan, Shahina, Parthasarathi, Ashwaghosha, Pashaei, Ava, Patel, Jay, Pathan, Aslam Ramjan, Patil, Shankargouda, Paudel, Uttam, Pawar, Shrikant, Pedersini, Paolo, Pensato, Umberto, Pereira, David M., Pereira, Jeevan, Pereira, Maria Odete, Pereira, Renato B., Peres, Mario F.P., Perianayagam, Arokiasamy, Perna, Simone, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Pezeshki, Parmida Sadat, Pham, Hoang Tran, Philip, Anil K., Piradov, Michael A., Podder, Indrashis, Podder, Vivek, Poddighe, Dimitri, Sady Prates, Elton Junio, Qattea, Ibrahim, Radfar, Amir, Raee, Pourya, Rafiei, Alireza, Raggi, Alberto, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi, Mehran, Rahimifard, Mahban, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Md Obaidur, Ur Rahman, Mohammad Hifz, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmani, Mohamed, Rahmani, Shayan, Rahmanian, Vahid, Ramasubramani, Premkumar, Rancic, Nemanja, Rao, Indu Ramachandra, Rashedi, Sina, Rashid, Ahmed Mustafa, Ravikumar, Nakul, Rawaf, Salman, Mohamed Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaei, Negar, Rezaei, Nima, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Ribeiro, Daniela, Rodrigues, Mónica, Buendia Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio, Roever, Leonardo, Romero-Rodríguez, Esperanza, Saad, Aly M.A., Saddik, Basema, Sadeghian, Saeid, Saeed, Umar, Safary, Azam, Safdarian, Mahdi, Safi, Sher Zaman, Saghazadeh, Amene, Sagoe, Dominic, Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh Saheb, Sharif-Askari, Narjes Saheb, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Harihar, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sajid, Mirza Rizwan, Sakhamuri, Sateesh, Sakshaug, Joseph W., Saleh, Mohamed A., Salehi, Leili, Salehi, Sana, Farrokhi, Amir Salek, Samadzadeh, Sara, Samargandy, Saad, Samieefar, Noosha, Samy, Abdallah M., Sanadgol, Nima, Sanjeev, Rama Krishna, Sawhney, Monika, Saya, Ganesh Kumar, Schuermans, Art, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Sethi, Yashendra, Shafie, Mahan, Shah, Humaira, Shahid, Izza, Shahid, Samiah, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sharfaei, Sadaf, Sharma, Manoj, Shayan, Maryam, Shehata, Hatem Samir, Sheikh, Aziz, Shetty, Jeevan K., Shin, Jae Il, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shitaye, Nebiyu Aniley, Shivakumar, K.M., Shivarov, Velizar, Shobeiri, Parnian, Siabani, Soraya, Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Simpson, Colin R., Sinaei, Ehsan, Singh, Harpreet, Singh, Inderbir, Singh, Jasvinder A., Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Siraj, Md Shahjahan, Al Mamun Sohag, Abdullah, Solanki, Ranjan, Solikhah, Solikhah, Solomon, Yonatan, Soltani-Zangbar, Mohammad Sadegh, Sun, Jing, Szeto, Mindy D., Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mohammad, Tabish, Mohammad, Taheri, Ensiyeh, Tahvildari, Azin, Talaat, Iman M., Lukenze Tamuzi, Jacques J.L., Tan, Ker-Kan, Tat, Nathan Y., Oliaee, Razieh Tavakoli, Tavasol, Arian, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Tharwat, Samar, Tibebu, Nigusie Selomon, Vera Ticoalu, Jansje Henny, Tillawi, Tala, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Tiyuri, Amir, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tripathi, Manjari, Tsegay, Guesh Mebrahtom, Tualeka, Abdul Rohim, Ty, Sree Sudha, Ubah, Chukwudi S., Ullah, Saif, Ullah, Sana, Umair, Muhammad, Umakanthan, Srikanth, Upadhyay, Era, Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Tahbaz, Sahel Valadan, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Villafañe, Jorge Hugo, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Danh Cao, Waheed, Yasir, Waris, Abdul, Welegebrial, Brhane Gebrehiwot, Westerman, Ronny, Wickramasinghe, Dakshitha Praneeth, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Willekens, Barbara, Woldegeorgis, Beshada Zerfu, Woldemariam, Melat, Xiao, Hong, Yada, Dereje Y., Yahya, Galal, Yang, Lin, Yazdanpanah, Fereshteh, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, You, Yuyi, Zahir, Mazyar, Zaidi, Syed Saoud, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zare, Iman, Zeineddine, Mohammad A., Zemedikun, Dawit T., Zeru, Naod Gebrekrstos, Zhang, Chen, Zhao, Hanqing, Zhong, Chenwen, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zumla, Alimuddin, Guo, Cui, and Tam, Lai-shan

Published
2023
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7. Population attributable fractions of cancer mortality related to indoor air pollution, animal contact, and water source as environmental risk factors: Findings from the Golestan Cohort Study

Author

Rezaei, Negar, primary, Sharafkhah, Maryam, additional, Farahmand, Yalda, additional, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., additional, Dalvand, Sahar, additional, Poustchi, Hossein, additional, Sajadi, Alireza, additional, Masoudi, Sahar, additional, Roshandel, Gholamreza, additional, Khoshnia, Masoud, additional, Eslami, Layli, additional, Akhlaghi, Mahboube, additional, and Delavari, Alireza, additional

Published
2024
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8. Global investments in pandemic preparedness and COVID-19: development assistance and domestic spending on health between 1990 and 2026

Author

Micah, Angela E, Bhangdia, Kayleigh, Cogswell, Ian E, Lasher, Dylan, Lidral-Porter, Brendan, Maddison, Emilie R, Nguyen, Trang Nhu Ngoc, Patel, Nishali, Pedroza, Paola, Solorio, Juan, Stutzman, Hayley, Tsakalos, Golsum, Wang, Yifeng, Warriner, Wesley, Zhao, Yingxi, Zlavog, Bianca S, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Jaffar, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abedi, Aidin, Abegaz, Kedir Hussein, Abhilash, E S, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abubaker Ali, Hiwa, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Adem, Mohammed Hussien, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, Aji, Budi, Akbarialiabad, Hossein, Akelew, Yibeltal, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alam, Khurshid, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Al-Hanawi, Mohammed Khaled, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almustanyir, Sami, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Amare, Azmeraw T, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amini-Rarani, Mostafa, Amu, Hubert, Ancuceanu, Robert, Andrei, Tudorel, Anwar, Sumadi Lukman, Appiah, Francis, Aqeel, Muhammad, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Aremu, Olatunde, Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azari, Samad, Baig, Atif Amin, Bantie, Abere Tilahun, Barrow, Amadou, Baskaran, Pritish, Basu, Sanjay, Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad, Baune, Bernhard T, Berezvai, Zombor, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhaskar, Sonu, Boachie, Micheal Kofi, Bodolica, Virginia, Botelho, João Silva Botelho, Braithwaite, Dejana, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Busse, Reinhard, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Chansa, Collins, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chen, Simiao, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Dadras, Omid, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dargahi, Abdollah, Debela, Sisay Abebe, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Desye, Belay, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Diao, Nancy, Doan, Linh Phuong, Dodangeh, Milad, dos Santos, Wendel Mombaque, Doshmangir, Leila, Dube, John, Eini, Ebrahim, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, El Tantawi, Maha, Enyew, Daniel Berhanie, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Ezati Asar, Mohamad, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Faraon, Emerito Jose A, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fattahi, Hamed, Fekadu, Ginenus, Fischer, Florian, Foigt, Nataliya A, Fowobaje, Kayode Raphael, Freitas, Alberto, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Fullman, Nancy, Gaal, Peter Andras, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Garcia-Gordillo, M A, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gerema, Urge, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, Ghanbari, Reza, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gholamrezanezhad, Ali, Golechha, Mahaveer, Golinelli, Davide, Goshu, Yitayal Ayalew, Goyomsa, Girma Garedew, Guha, Avirup, Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga, Gupta, Bhawna, Hamidi, Samer, Harapan, Harapan, Hashempour, Reza, Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Golnaz, Heredia-Pi, Ileana, Herteliu, Claudiu, Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba, Hezam, Kamal, Hiraike, Yuta, Hlongwa, Mbuzeleni Mbuzeleni, Holla, Ramesh, Hoque, Mohammad Enamul, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hussain, Salman, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Immurana, Mustapha, Iradukunda, Arnaud, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Isola, Gaetano, J, Linda Merin, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jalili, Mahsa, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Javaheri, Tahereh, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jemere, Digisie Mequanint, Joo, Tamas, Joseph, Nitin, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Jürisson, Mikk, Kaambwa, Billingsley, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kadel, Rajendra, Kadir, Dler Hussein, Kalankesh, Laleh R, Kamath, Rajesh, Kandel, Himal, Kantar, Rami S, Karanth, Shama D, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karimi, Salah Eddin, Kassa, Bekalu Getnet, Kayode, Gbenga A, Keikavoosi-Arani, Leila, Keshri, Vikash Ranjan, Keskin, Cumali, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza, Kifle, Zemene Demelash, Kim, Hanna, Kim, Jihee, Kim, Min Seo, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Kohler, Stefan, Kompani, Farzad, Kosen, Soewarta, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Kusuma, Dian, Lám, Judit, Lamnisos, Demetris, Larsson, Anders O, Lee, Sang-woong, Lee, Shaun Wen Huey, Lee, Wei-Chen, Lee, Yo Han, Lenzi, Jacopo, Lim, Lee-Ling, Lorenzovici, László, Lozano, Rafael, Machado, Vanessa Sintra Machado, Madadizadeh, Farzan, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Mahmoudi, Razzagh, Majeed, Azeem, Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza, Manda, Ana Laura, Mansouri, Borhan, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Marrugo Arnedo, Carlos Alberto, Martorell, Miquel, Masoud, Ali, Mathews, Elezebeth, Maude, Richard James, Mechili, Enkeleint A, Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar, Mendes, José João João Mendes, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mirica, Andreea, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mirutse, Mizan Kiros, Mirza, Moonis, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Mohammad, Misganaw, Awoke, Moccia, Marcello, Moghadasi, Javad, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mohammadi, Mokhtar, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammadshahi, Marita, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohseni, Mohammad, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Mossialos, Elias, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Mousavi Isfahani, Haleh, Mpundu-Kaambwa, Christine, Murthy, Shruti, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naidoo, Kovin S, Naimzada, Mukhammad David, Nangia, Vinay, Naqvi, Atta Abbas, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Ndejjo, Rawlance, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Noroozi, Nafise, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nuruzzaman, Khan M, Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Oancea, Bogdan, Obi, Felix Chukwudi Abrahams, Ogunkoya, Abiola, Oh, In-Hwan, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, Olakunde, Babayemi Oluwaseun, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Opio, John Nelson, Otoiu, Adrian, Otstavnov, Nikita, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Palicz, Tamás, Palladino, Raffaele, Pana, Adrian, Parekh, Tarang, Pasupula, Deepak Kumar, Patel, Jay, Patton, George C, Paudel, Uttam, Paun, Mihaela, Pawar, Shrikant, Perna, Simone, Perumalsamy, Navaraj, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Piracha, Zahra Zahid, Poursadeqiyan, Mohsen, Pourtaheri, Naeimeh, Prada, Sergio I, Rafiei, Sima, Raghav, Pankaja Raghav, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Raru, Temam Beshir, Rashedi, Sina, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Ravangard, Ramin, Rawaf, Salman, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Reiner, Robert C, Jr., Renzaho, Andre M N, Rezaei, Maryam, Rezaei, Nazila, Riaz, Mavra A, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Saad, Aly M A, Saddik, Basema, Sadeghian, Saeid, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Sahu, Maitreyi, Saki, Morteza, Salamati, Payman, Salari, Hedayat, Salehi, Sana, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Sanmarchi, Francesco, Santos, João Vasco, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Sarikhani, Yaser, Sathian, Brijesh, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sayadi, Yaser, Schwendicke, Falk, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serván-Mori, Edson, Setshegetso, Naomi, Seylani, Allen, Shahabi, Saeed, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shakhmardanov, Murad Ziyaudinovich, Shanawaz, Mohd, Sharew, Mequannent Melaku Sharew, Sharew, Nigussie Tadesse, Sharma, Rajesh, Shayan, Maryam, Sheikh, Aziz, Shenoy, Suchitra M, Shetty, Adithi, Shetty, Pavanchand H, Shivakumar, K M, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues, Simegn, Wudneh, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Kuldeep, Skhvitaridze, Natia, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Socea, Bogdan, Solomon, Yonatan, Song, Suhang, Ștefan, Simona Cătălina, Suleman, Muhammad, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tat, Nathan Y, Tat, Vivian Y, Tefera, Belay Negash, Tichopad, Ales, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Tufa, Derara Girma, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vasic, Milena, Vervoort, Dominique, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Bay, Vu, Linh Gia, Waheed, Yasir, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Cong, Wassie, Gizachew Tadesse, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Yaya, Sanni, Yigit, Arzu, Yiğit, Vahit, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zaki, Leila, Zaman, Burhan Abdullah, Zangeneh, Alireza, Zare Dehnavi, Ali, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zeng, Wu, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zuhlke, Liesl J, Zuniga, Yves Miel H, Hay, Simon I, Murray, Christopher J L, and Dieleman, Joseph L

Published
2023
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9. Assessing performance of the Healthcare Access and Quality Index, overall and by select age groups, for 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Haakenstad, Annie, Yearwood, Jamal Akeem, Fullman, Nancy, Bintz, Corinne, Bienhoff, Kelly, Weaver, Marcia R, Nandakumar, Vishnu, LeGrand, Kate E, Knight, Megan, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdoli, Amir, Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agudelo-Botero, Marcela, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, Aji, Budi, Akande-Sholabi, Wuraola, Alam, Khurshid, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Liaqat, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, Amu, Hubert, Amugsi, Dickson A, Ancuceanu, Robert, Andrade, Pedro Prata, Anjum, Afifa, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Ariffin, Hany, Arulappan, Judie, Aryan, Zahra, Ashraf, Tahira, Atnafu, Desta Debalkie, Atreya, Alok, Ausloos, Marcel, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azari, Samad, Badiye, Ashish D, Baig, Atif Amin, Bairwa, Mohan, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Baliga, Shrikala, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barra, Fabio, Barrow, Amadou, Basu, Sanjay, Bayati, Mohsen, Belete, Rebuma, Bell, Arielle Wilder, Bhagat, Devidas S., Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhurtyal, Ashok, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bibi, Sadia, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Biondi, Antonio, Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi, Bonny, Aime, Brenner, Hermann, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burkart, Katrin, Busse, Reinhard, Butt, Zahid A, Butt, Nadeem Shafique, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carneiro, Vera L A, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Chandan, Joht Singh, Charan, Jaykaran, Chavan, Prachi P, Chen, Simiao, Chen, Shu, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chowdhury, Enayet Karim, Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir, Cirillo, Massimo, Corso, Barbara, Dadras, Omid, Dahlawi, Saad M A, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dangel, William James, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davletov, Kairat, Deuba, Keshab, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Doshmangir, Leila, Duncan, Bruce B, Effiong, Andem, Ehsani-Chimeh, Elham, Elgendy, Islam Y, Elhadi, Muhammed, El Sayed, Iman, El Tantawi, Maha, Erku, Daniel Asfaw, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Fares, Jawad, Farzadfar, Farshad, Ferrero, Simone, Ferro Desideri, Lorenzo, Fischer, Florian, Foigt, Nataliya A., Foroutan, Masoud, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gaal, Peter Andras, Gaihre, Santosh, Gardner, William M., Garg, Tushar, Getachew Obsa, Abera, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghith, Nermin, Gilani, Syed Amir, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Goharinezhad, Salime, Golechha, Mahaveer, Guadamuz, Jenny S., Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajat Das, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Gupta, Veer Bala, Hamiduzzaman, Mohammad, Hanif, Asif, Haro, Josep Maria, Hasaballah, Ahmed I., Hasan, Md. Mehedi, Hasan, M Tasdik, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Mohammad, Heidari, Golnaz, Henry, Nathaniel J, Herteliu, Claudiu, Holla, Ramesh, Hossain, Sahadat, Hossain, Sheikh Jamal, Hossain, Mohammad Bellal Hossain, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh, Hsieh, Vivian Chia-rong, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, Junjie, Huda, M Mamun, Ifeagwu, Susan C., Ikuta, Kevin S, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Rakibul M, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iso, Hiroyasu, Isola, Gaetano, Itumalla, Ramaiah, Iwagami, Masao, Jahani, Mohammad Ali, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jain, Rajesh, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayaram, Shubha, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B., Joo, Tamas, Joseph, Nitin, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Ali, Kalankesh, Leila R, Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamath, Aruna M., Kamenov, Kaloyan, Kandel, Himal, Kantar, Rami S., Kapoor, Neeti, Karanikolos, Marina, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kavetskyy, Taras, Kawakami, Norito, Kayode, Gbenga A., Keikavoosi-Arani, Leila, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalilov, Rovshan, Khammarnia, Mohammad, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khan, Moien AB, Khan, Maseer, Khezeli, Mehdi, Kim, Min Seo, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Sezer, Kisa, Adnan, Klymchuk, Vitalii, Koly, Kamrun Nahar, Korzh, Oleksii, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kumar, G Anil, Kusuma, Dian, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Larsson, Anders O, Lasrado, Savita, Lee, Wei-Chen, Lee, Yo Han, Lee, Chiachi Bonnie, Li, Shanshan, Lucchetti, Giancarlo, Mahajan, Preetam Bhalchandra, Majeed, Azeem, Makki, Alaa, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Martinez-Valle, Adolfo, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Masoumi, Seyedeh Zahra, Mathur, Manu Raj, Maude, Richard James, Maulik, Pallab K, McKee, Martin, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mensah, George A, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Misganaw, Awoke, Misra, Sanjeev, Moazen, Babak, Mohammadi, Mokhtar, Mohammed, Shafiu, Moitra, Modhurima, Mokdad, Ali H, Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Moradi, Ghobad, Moreira, Rafael Silveira, Mosser, Jonathan F., Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Mouodi, Simin, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Nagata, Chie, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nangia, Vinay, Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas, Narayana, Aparna Ichalangod, Nascimento, Bruno Ramos, Nassereldine, Hasan, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nazari, Javad, Negoi, Ionut, Nepal, Samata, Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Ngunjiri, Josephine W., Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Oancea, Bogdan, Oghenetega, Onome Bright, Oh, In-Hwan, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olakunde, Babayemi Oluwaseun, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Omer, Emad, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Otoiu, Adrian, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Palladino, Raffaele, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R, Pardhan, Shahina, Pasupula, Deepak Kumar, Pathak, Praveen Kumar, Patton, George C, Pawar, Shrikant, Pereira, Jeevan, Pilania, Manju, Piroozi, Bakhtiar, Podder, Vivek, Pokhrel, Khem Narayan, Postma, Maarten J, Prada, Sergio I, Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin, Rabiee, Navid, Radhakrishnan, Raghu Anekal, Rahman, Md. Mosfequr, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rao, Chythra R, Rao, Sowmya J, Rasella, Davide, Rawaf, Salman, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawal, Lal, Renzaho, Andre M.N., Reshmi, Bhageerathy, Resnikoff, Serge, Rezapour, Aziz, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Ripon, Rezaul Karim, Sacco, Simona, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, Saeed, Umar, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahiledengle, Biniyam, Sahoo, Harihar, Sahu, Maitreyi, Salama, Joseph S, Salamati, Payman, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Sathian, Brijesh, Sawhney, Monika, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Seidu, Abdul-Aziz, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Seylani, Allen, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sheikh, Aziz, Shetty, Adithi, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shivakumar, K M, Shokri, Azad, Singh, Jasvinder A., Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Sofi-Mahmudi, Ahmad, Sousa, Raúl A R C, Stephens, Jacqueline H, Sun, Jing, Szócska, Miklós, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadbiri, Hooman, Tamiru, Animut Tagele, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Mai Thi Ngoc, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tripathi, Niharika, Tripathy, Jaya Prasad, Troeger, Christopher E, Uezono, Deinzel Robles, Ullah, Saif, Ullah, Anayat, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Vacante, Marco, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Vasic, Milena, Veroux, Massimiliano, Vervoort, Dominique, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Bay, Waheed, Yasir, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Wang, Yanzhong, Ward, Paul, Wiangkham, Taweewat, Yadav, Lalit, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yaya, Sanni, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid, Yi, Siyan, Yiğit, Vahit, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhong, Chenwen, Zuniga, Yves Miel H, Lim, Stephen S, Murray, Christopher J L, and Lozano, Rafael

Published
2022
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10. Socioeconomic inequalities in prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension: evidence from the PERSIAN cohort study

Author

Amini, Mahin, Moradinazar, Mahdi, Rajati, Fatemeh, Soofi, Moslem, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Poustchi, Hossein, Eghtesad, Sareh, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Harooni, Javad, Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Fallahi, Majid, Fattahi, Mohammad Reza, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Moradpour, Farhad, Nejatizadeh, Azim, Shahmoradi, Mehdi, Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz, Ostadrahimi, Alireza, Ahmadi, Ali, Khaledifar, Arsalan, Saghi, Mohammad Hossien, Saki, Nader, Mohebbi, Iraj, Homayounfar, Reza, Farjam, Mojtaba, Nadimi, Ali Esmaeili, Kahnooji, Mahmood, Pourfarzi, Farhad, Zamani, Bijan, Rezaianzadeh, Abbas, Johari, Masoumeh Ghoddusi, Mirzaei, Masoud, Dehghani, Ali, Motlagh, Seyed Fazel Zinat, Rahimi, Zahra, Malekzadeh, Reza, and Najafi, Farid

Published
2022
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12. Mapping development and health effects of cooking with solid fuels in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–18: a geospatial modelling study

Author

Frostad, Joseph Jon, Nguyen, QuynhAnh P, Baumann, Mathew M, Blacker, Brigette F, Marczak, Laurie B, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Wiens, Kirsten E, LeGrand, Kate E, Johnson, Kimberly B, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdoli, Amir, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Adekanmbi, Victor, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth, Alipour, Vahid, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Amegah, Adeladza Kofi, Amini, Saeed, Amiri, Fatemeh, Amugsi, Dickson A, Ancuceanu, Robert, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anvari, Davood, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Ausloos, Marcel, Ayano, Getinet, Aynalem, Yared Asmare, Azari, Samad, Badiye, Ashish D, Baig, Atif Amin, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Banach, Maciej, Basu, Sanjay, Bedi, Neeraj, Bell, Michelle L, Bennett, Derrick A, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bibi, Sadia, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Boufous, Soufiane, Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi, Braithwaite, Dejana, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carvalho, Felix, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Cerin, Ester, Chattu, Soosanna Kumary, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaturvedi, Pankaj, Chaturvedi, Sarika, Chen, Simiao, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Dahlawi, Saad M A, Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Das, Jai K, Dash, Aditya Prasad, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, De Leo, Diego, De Neve, Jan-Walter, Demissie, Getu Debalkie, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Dey, Sagnik, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, Diaz, Daniel, Dipeolu, Isaac Oluwafemi, Dorostkar, Fariba, Doshmangir, Leila, Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Efendi, Ferry, El Tantawi, Maha, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Fattahi, Nazir, Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Foroutan, Masoud, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gilani, Syed Amir, Gill, Tiffany K, Goulart, Alessandra C, Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia, Grada, Ayman, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Guido, Davide, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajat Das, Gupta, Rajeev, Gutiérrez, Reyna Alma, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hassanipour, Soheil, Hayat, Khezar, Heibati, Behzad, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, Henry, Nathaniel J, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hsairi, Mohamed, Hu, Guoqing, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Iwu, Chidozie C D, Jaafari, Jalil, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Javaheri, Tahereh, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Ji, John S, Jonas, Jost B, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamyari, Naser, Kanchan, Tanuj, Kapil, Umesh, Kapoor, Neeti, Kayode, Gbenga A, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalid, Nauman, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Maseer, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khatab, Khaled, Khater, Mona M, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Khayamzadeh, Maryam, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Gyu Ri, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Knibbs, Luke D, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Kusuma, Dian, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lami, Faris Hasan, Lan, Qing, Lasrado, Savita, Lauriola, Paolo, Lee, Paul H, Lewycka, Sonia, Li, Shanshan, Machado, Daiane Borges, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Maheri, Mina, Majeed, Azeem, Maleki, Afshin, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mansouri, Borhan, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Martinez, Natalie Maria, Martini, Santi, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Mayala, Benjamin K, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mengesha, Endalkachew Worku, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mirzaei, Maryam, Mirzaei, Roya, Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Mosapour, Abbas, Mouodi, Simin, Mousavi Khaneghah, Amin, Mukhopadhyay, Satinath, Munro, Sandra B, Murray, Christopher J L, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nair, Sanjeev, Nangia, Vinay, Nascimento, Bruno Ramos, Nazari, Javad, Negoi, Ionut, Netsere, Henok Biresaw, Ngunjiri, Josephine W, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Oancea, Bogdan, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Otstavnov, Nikita, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, Owolabi, Mayowa O, P A, Mahesh, Pandey, Anamika, Park, Eun-Cheol, Park, Eun-Kee, Patel, Sangram Kishor, Pham, Hai Quang, Pilgrim, Thomas, Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Pokhrel, Khem Narayan, Postma, Maarten J, Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin, Rabiee, Navid, Radfar, Amir, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rao, Sowmya J, Rasella, Davide, Rastogi, Prateek, Rath, Goura Kishor, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rawal, Lal, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Renzaho, Andre M N, Reshmi, Bhageerathy, Rezaei, Negar, Rezaei, Nima, Rezapour, Aziz, Rickard, Jennifer, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Rostamian, Morteza, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rwegerera, Godfrey M, Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahiledengle, Biniyam, Salem, Marwa Rashad, Samy, Abdallah M, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sathian, Brijesh, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Schwebel, David C, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Shahabi, Saeed, Shaheen, Amira A, Shahid, Izza, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shalash, Ali S, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharafi, Kiomars, Sheikh, Aziz, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shetty, Ranjitha S, Shiferaw, Wondimeneh Shibabaw, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Shivakumar, K M, Siabani, Soraya, Siddiqi, Tariq Jamal, Singh, Balbir Bagicha, Singh, Jasvinder A, Sintayehu, Yitagesu, Sorrie, Muluken Bekele, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stockfelt, Leo, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Taherkhani, Amir, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Traini, Eugenio, Ullah, Saif, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Upadhyay, Era, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Varughese, Santosh, Violante, Francesco S, Vo, Bay, Vu, Giang Thu, Waheed, Yasir, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Welgan, Catherine A, Werdecker, Andrea, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yaya, Sanni, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid, Yilma, Mekdes Tigistu, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yousefinezhadi, Taraneh, Yu, Chuanhua, Yu, Yong, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Brauer, Michael, Hay, Simon I, and Reiner, Robert C, Jr

Published
2022
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13. Estimates, trends, and drivers of the global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM2·5 air pollution, 1990–2019: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Burkart, Katrin, Causey, Kate, Cohen, Aaron J, Wozniak, Sarah S, Salvi, Devashri Digvijay, Abbafati, Cristiana, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adsuar, Jose C, Ahmadi, Keivan, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alipour, Vahid, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amegah, Adeladza Kofi, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Ansari, Fereshteh, Arabloo, Jalal, Aremu, Olatunde, Aripov, Timur, Babaee, Ebrahim, Banach, Maciej, Barnett, Anthony, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Bedi, Neeraj, Behzadifar, Masoud, Béjot, Yannick, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Bernstein, Robert S, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Biondi, Antonio, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Breitner, Susanne, Brenner, Hermann, Butt, Zahid A, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Cantu-Brito, Carlos, Carvalho, Felix, Cerin, Ester, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chauhan, Bal Govind, Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daryani, Ahmad, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhimal, Meghnath, Diaz, Daniel, Djalalinia, Shirin, Duncan, Bruce B, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Fareed, Mohammad, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fattahi, Nazir, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foigt, Nataliya A, Freitas, Marisa, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajat Das, Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hamidi, Samer, Hankey, Graeme J, Hasanpoor, Edris, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hay, Simon I, Heibati, Behzad, Hole, Michael K, Hossain, Naznin, Househ, Mowafa, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Jaafari, Jalil, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Kasaeian, Amir, Kaydi, Neda, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Junaid, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khatab, Khaled, Khater, Amir M, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Kivimäki, Mika, Knibbs, Luke D, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kugbey, Nuworza, Lauriola, Paolo, Lee, Paul H, Leili, Mostafa, Lewycka, Sonia, Li, Shanshan, Lim, Lee-Ling, Linn, Shai, Liu, Yong, Lorkowski, Stefan, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Mahotra, Narayan B, Majeed, Azeem, Maleki, Afshin, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mamun, Abdullah A, Manafi, Navid, Martini, Santi, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Miller, Ted R, Mini, GK, Mirica, Andreea, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Viswanathan, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moraga, Paula, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Mueller, Ulrich Otto, Mukhopadhyay, Satinath, Mustafa, Ghulam, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Naik, Gurudatta, Nangia, Vinay, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew T, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Ortiz, Alberto, Owolabi, Mayowa O, P A, Mahesh, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Park, Eun-Kee, Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh, Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Postma, Maarten J, Pourjafar, Hadi, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Raoofi, Samira, Rawal, Lal, Renzaho, Andre M N, Rezapour, Aziz, Ribeiro, Daniela, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Sabour, Siamak, Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Salvi, Sundeep Santosh, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sharafi, Kiomars, Sheikh, Aziz, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shuval, Kerem, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tefera, Yonatal Mesfin, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Ullah, Irfan, Vacante, Marco, Valdez, Pascual R, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Violante, Francesco S, Waheed, Yasir, Wolfe, Charles D A, Yamada, Tomohide, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zhang, Yunquan, Zodpey, Sanjay, Lim, Stephen S, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, and Brauer, Michael

Published
2022
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14. Prevalence and predictors of low back pain among the Iranian population: Results from the Persian cohort study

Author

Ghafouri, Mohammad, Teymourzadeh, Azin, Nakhostin-Ansari, Amin, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Dalvand, Sahar, Moradpour, Farhad, Bavarsad, Amir Hooshang, Boogar, Shahrokh Sadeghi, Dehghan, Morteza, Ostadrahimi, Alireza, Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Kahnooji, Mahmood, Hosseinipour, Ali, Gohari, Ali, Hosseini, Seyed Vahid, Mirzaei, Masoud, Khorram, Alireza, Shahmoradi, Mehdi, Pourfarzi, Farhad, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz, Marioryad, Hossein, Najafi, Farid, Genevay, Stephane, Moghadam, Navid, and Kordi, Ramin

Published
2022
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16. Nationwide Prevalence of Diabetes and Prediabetes and Associated Risk Factors Among Iranian Adults: Analysis of Data from PERSIAN Cohort Study

Author

Khamseh, Mohammad E., Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Hashemi-Madani, Nahid, Joukar, Farahnaz, Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang, Faramarzi, Elnaz, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Rahimi, Zahra, Rezaianzadeh, Abbas, Homayounfar, Reza, Moradpour, Farhad, Valizadeh, Neda, Kheirandish, Masoumeh, Zaboli, Ehsan, Moslem, Alireza, Ahmadi, Ali, Hamzeh, Behrooz, Harooni, Javad, Pourfarzi, Farhad, Abolghasemi, Mohammad Reza, Safarpour, Ali Reza, Aminisani, Nayyereh, Mohammadi, Zahra, Eghtesad, Sareh, Poustchi, Hossein, and Malekzadeh, Reza

Published
2021
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17. Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of chewing tobacco use in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Kendrick, Parkes J, Reitsma, Marissa B, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdoli, Amir, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abedi, Aidin, Abhilash, E S, Aboyans, Victor, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Advani, Shailesh M, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Sohail, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmed, Haroon, Aji, Budi, Akalu, Yonas, Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Alhabib, Khalid F, Ali, Tilahun, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alomari, Mahmoud A, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, Amini, Saeed, Amu, Hubert, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderson, Jason A, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Antony, Benny, Anvari, Davood, Arabloo, Jalal, Arian, Nicholas D, Arora, Monika, Artanti, Kurnia Dwi, Asmare, Wondwossen Niguse, Atnafu, Desta Debalkie, Ausloos, Marcel, Awan, Asma Tahir, Ayano, Getinet, Aynalem, Getie Lake, Azari, Samad, B, Darshan B, Badiye, Ashish D, Baig, Atif Amin, Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Srikanta K, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Basu, Sanjay, Bayati, Mohsen, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benzian, Habib, Benziger, Catherine P, Berman, Adam E, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bibi, Sadia, Bijani, Ali, Biondi, Antonio, Braithwaite, Dejana, Brenner, Hermann, Brunoni, Andre R, Burkart, Katrin, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Car, Josip, Carreras, Giulia, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia Sofia, Chang, Jung-Chen, Chaturvedi, Pankaj, Chen, Simiao, Chido-Amajuoyi, Onyema greg, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Costa, Vera Marisa, Couto, Rosa A S, Dagnew, Baye, Dai, Xiaochen, Damasceno, Albertino Antonio Moura, Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz, Darega Gela, Jiregna, Derbew Molla, Meseret, Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhimal, Meghnath, Eagan, Arielle Wilder, Ebrahimi Kalan, Mohammad, Edvardsson, Kristina, Effiong, Andem, El Tantawi, Maha, Elbarazi, Iffat, Esmaeilnejad, Saman, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Faraon, Emerito Jose A, Farwati, Medhat, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, Feigin, Valery L, Feldman, Rachel, Filip, Irina, Filippidis, Filippos, Fischer, Florian, Flor, Luisa Sorio, Foigt, Nataliya A, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Foroutan, Masoud, Gad, Mohamed M, Gallus, Silvano, Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle, Gebregiorgis, Birhan Gebresillassie, Getacher, Lemma, Getachew Obsa, Abera, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghanei Gheshlagh, Reza, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghith, Nermin, Gil, Gabriela Fernanda, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed, Goharinezhad, Salime, Golechha, Mahaveer, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gorini, Giuseppe, Grivna, Michal, Guha, Avirup, Guimarães, Rafael Alves, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajat Das, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tarun, Gupta, Vin, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haider, Mohammad Rifat, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hankey, Graeme J, Hargono, Arief, Hay, Simon I, Heidari, Golnaz, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hezam, Kamal, Hird, Thomas R, Holla, Ramesh, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Househ, Mowafa, Hsiao, Thomas, Huang, Junjie, Ibeneme, Charles Ugochukwu, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Jessica Y, Islam, Rakibul M, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islami, Farhad, Iso, Hiroyasu, Itumalla, Ramaiah, Jaafari, Jalil, Jain, Vardhmaan, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jang, Sung-In, Jayaram, Shubha, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Kalankesh, Leila R, Kanchan, Tanuj, Kandel, Himal, Kapoor, Neeti, Karch, André, Karimi, Salah Eddin, Kebede, Kindie Mitiku, Kelkay, Bayew, Kennedy, Ryan David, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khayamzadeh, Maryam, Kim, Gyu Ri, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kivimäki, Mika, Kosen, Soewarta, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Kugbey, Nuworza, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Nithin, Kurmi, Om P, Kusuma, Dian, Lacey, Ben, Landires, Iván, Lasrado, Savita, Lauriola, Paolo, Lee, Doo Woong, Lee, Yo Han, Leung, Janni, Li, Shanshan, Lin, Hualiang, Liu, Wei, Lugo, Alessandra, Madhava Kunjathur, Shilpashree, Majeed, Azeem, Maleki, Afshin, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A, Manjunatha, Narayana, Mansouri, Borhan, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Martini, Santi, Mathur, Manu Raj, Mathur, Prashant, Mazidi, Mohsen, McKee, Martin, Medina-Solís, Carlo Eduardo, Mehata, Suresh, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Miller, Ted R, Mini, GK, Mirica, Andreea, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mirzaei, Hamed, Misra, Sanjeev, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H, Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Mossie, Tilahun Belete, Mubarik, Sumaira, Mullany, Erin C, Murray, Christopher J L, Nagaraju, Shankar Prasad, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naik, Nitish, Nalini, Mahdi, Nangia, Vinay, Naqvi, Atta Abbas, Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas, Naveed, Muhammad, Nazari, Javad, Nduaguba, Sabina O, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nigatu, Yeshambel T, Nixon, Molly R, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nowak, Christoph, Nuñez-Samudio, Virginia, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru, Oh, In-Hwan, Olagunju, Andrew T, Owolabi, Mayowa O, P A, Mahesh, Pakshir, Keyvan, Pana, Adrian, Panagiotakos, Demosthenes, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandey, Ashok, Parekh, Utsav, Park, Eun-Cheol, Park, Eun-Kee, Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh, Pathak, Mona, Pawar, Shrikant, Pestell, Richard G, Pham, Hai Quang, Pinheiro, Marina, Pokhrel, Khem Narayan, Pourshams, Akram, Prashant, Akila, Radfar, Amir, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Ram, Pradhum, Rana, Juwel, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rathi, Priya, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Renzaho, Andre M N, Rezapour, Aziz, Riaz, Mavra A, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roy, Ambuj, Roy, Bedanta, Saddik, Basema, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Salehi, Sana, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Sathian, Brijesh, Sawhney, Monika, Saya, Ganesh Kumar, Schwendicke, Falk, Seidu, Abdul-Aziz, Senthil Kumar, Nachimuthu, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Shafaat, Omid, Shah, Syed Mahboob, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharafi, Kiomars, Sheikh, Aziz, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shishani, Kawkab, Shivakumar, K M, Shivalli, Siddharudha, Shrestha, Roman, Siabani, Soraya, Sidemo, Negussie Boti, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig, Silva, João Pedro, Singh, Ambrish, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Soroush, Ali, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stein, Dan J, Steiropoulos, Paschalis, Stortecky, Stefan, Straif, Kurt, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan, Sulo, Gerhard, Sundström, Johan, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tadesse, Eyayou Girma, Tamiru, Animut Tagele, Tareke, Minale, Tareque, Md Ismail, Tarigan, Ingan Ukur, Thakur, Bhaskar, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thapar, Rekha, Tolani, Musliu Adetola, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tripathy, Jaya Prasad, Tsegaye, Gebiyaw Wudie, Tymeson, Hayley D, Ullah, Saif, Unim, Brigid, Updike, Rachel L, Uthman, Olalekan A, Vacante, Marco, Vardavas, Constantine, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Verma, Madhur, Vidale, Simone, Vo, Bay, Vu, Giang Thu, Waheed, Yasir, Wang, Yanzhong, Welding, Kevin, Werdecker, Andrea, Whisnant, Joanna L, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Wubishet, Befikadu Legesse, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yano, Yuichiro, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid, Yeshaw, Yigizie, Yimmer, Mohammed Zewdu, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yousefi, Zabihollah, Yu, Chuanhua, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Yusefzadeh, Hasan, Zaman, Muhammed Shahriar, Zamani, Mohammad, Zamanian, Maryam, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zastrozhina, Anasthasia, Zhang, Jianrong, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhong, Chenwen, Zuniga, Yves Miel H, and Gakidou, Emmanuela

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2021
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18. Prevalence and determinants of chronic kidney disease in northeast of Iran: Results of the Golestan cohort study

Author

Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Barahimi, Hamid, Najafi, Iraj, Kamangar, Farin, Poustchi, Hossein, Shakeri, Ramin, Hakemi, Monir Sadat, Pourshams, Akram, Khoshnia, Masoud, Gharravi, Abdolsamad, Broumand, Behrooz, Nobakht-Haghighi, Ali, Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar, and Malekzadeh, Reza

Subjects
Clinical Research, Kidney Disease, Prevention, Cardiovascular, Obesity, Aging, Good Health and Well Being, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Iran, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, General Science & Technology
Abstract

BackgroundThe burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing globally in particular in fast emerging economies such as Iran. Population-based studies on prevalence of CKD in Iran are scarce. The objective of the current study was to explore the prevalence and determinants of CKD in the setting of Golestan Cohort Study (GCS), the largest prospective cohort in the Middle East.MethodsIn this observational study, 11,409 participants enrolled in the second phase of GCS were included. Sex, age, literacy, residence, anthropometric measurements, smoking, opium use, self-reported history of cardiovascular diseases (heart disease and/or stroke), hypertension, diabetes, and lipid profile were the predictors of interest. The outcomes of interest were eGFR and CKD defined as eGFR< 60 ml/min/1.73m2.ResultsMean (SD) of GFR was 70.0 ± 14.7 ml/min/1.73m2 among all participants, 68.2 ± 14.2 among women, and 72.0 ± 15.0 among men. Prevalence of CKD was 23.7% (26.6% in women, 20.6% in men). The prevalence of CKD stages 3a, 3b, 4, and 5 were 20.0%, 3.3%, 0.4% and 0.1%, respectively. Female sex, older age, urban residence, history of CVD, hypertension or diabetes, larger body mass and surrogates of body fat and opium use were all associated with CKD. Opium had a significant positive association with CKD in adjusted model. All anthropometric measurements had positive linear association with CKD. Being literate had inverse association. Sex had significant interaction with anthropometric indices, with higher odds ratios among men compared with women. A significantly high association was observed between the rate of change in waist circumference and systolic blood pressure with risk of CKD.ConclusionOne in four people in this cohort had low eGFR. Obesity and overweight, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are major risk factors for CKD. Halting the increase in waist circumference and blood pressure may be as important as reducing the current levels.

Published
2017

19. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study

Author

Roth, Gregory A., Mensah, George A., Johnson, Catherine O., Addolorato, Giovanni, Ammirati, Enrico, Baddour, Larry M., Barengo, Noel C., Beaton, Andrea, Benjamin, Emelia J., Benziger, Catherine P., Bonny, Aime, Brauer, Michael, Brodmann, Marianne, Cahill, Thomas J., Carapetis, Jonathan R., Catapano, Alberico L., Chugh, Sumeet, Cooper, Leslie T., Coresh, Josef, Criqui, Michael H., DeCleene, Nicole K., Eagle, Kim A., Emmons-Bell, Sophia, Feigin, Valery L., Fernández-Sola, Joaquim, Fowkes, F. Gerry R., Gakidou, Emmanuela, Grundy, Scott M., He, Feng J., Howard, George, Hu, Frank, Inker, Lesley, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Koroshetz, Walter J., Lavie, Carl, Lloyd-Jones, Donald, Lu, Hong S., Mirijello, Antonio, Misganaw, Awoke T., Mokdad, Ali H., Moran, Andrew E., Muntner, Paul, Narula, Jagat, Neal, Bruce, Ntsekhe, Mpiko, Oliveira, Gláucia M.M., Otto, Catherine M., Owolabi, Mayowa O., Pratt, Michael, Rajagopalan, Sanjay, Reitsma, Marissa B., Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P., Rigotti, Nancy A., Rodgers, Anthony, Sable, Craig A., Shakil, Saate S., Sliwa, Karen, Stark, Benjamin A., Sundström, Johan, Timpel, Patrick, Tleyjeh, Imad I., Valgimigli, Marco, Vos, Theo, Whelton, Paul K., Yacoub, Magdi, Zuhlke, Liesl J., Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdi, Alireza, Abedi, Aidin, Aboyans, Victor, Abrha, Woldu A., Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I., Acharya, Dilaram, Adair, Tim, Adebayo, Oladimeji M., Ademi, Zanfina, Advani, Shailesh M., Afshari, Khashayar, Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Gina, Agasthi, Pradyumna, Ahmad, Sohail, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed, Muktar B., Aji, Budi, Akalu, Yonas, Akande-Sholabi, Wuraola, Aklilu, Addis, Akunna, Chisom J., Alahdab, Fares, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Alhabib, Khalid F., Alif, Sheikh M., Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed M., Alla, François, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Almustanyir, Sami, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M., Amegah, Adeladza K., Amini, Saeed, Aminorroaya, Arya, Amu, Hubert, Amugsi, Dickson A., Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Andrei, Tudorel, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Anteneh, Zelalem A., Antonazzo, Ippazio Cosimo, Antony, Benny, Anwer, Razique, Appiah, Lambert T., Arabloo, Jalal, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artanti, Kurnia D., Ataro, Zerihun, Ausloos, Marcel, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Awan, Asma T., Awoke, Mamaru A., Ayele, Henok T., Ayza, Muluken A., Azari, Samad, B, Darshan B., Baheiraei, Nafiseh, Baig, Atif A., Bakhtiari, Ahad, Banach, Maciej, Banik, Palash C., Baptista, Emerson A., Barboza, Miguel A., Barua, Lingkan, Basu, Sanjay, Bedi, Neeraj, Béjot, Yannick, Bennett, Derrick A., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berman, Adam E., Bezabih, Yihienew M., Bhagavathula, Akshaya S., Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Birhanu, Mulugeta M., Boloor, Archith, Brant, Luisa C., Brenner, Hermann, Briko, Nikolay I., Butt, Zahid A., Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cahill, Leah E., Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cámera, Luis A., Campos-Nonato, Ismael R., Cantu-Brito, Carlos, Car, Josip, Carrero, Juan J., Carvalho, Felix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cerin, Ester, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chen, Simiao, Chin, Ken L., Choi, Jee-Young J., Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Cirillo, Massimo, Coffey, Sean, Conti, Sara, Costa, Vera M., Cundiff, David K., Dadras, Omid, Dagnew, Baye, Dai, Xiaochen, Damasceno, Albertino A.M., Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Davletov, Kairat, De la Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa, De la Hoz, Fernando P., De Neve, Jan-Walter, Denova-Gutiérrez, 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Wangjian, Zhong, Chenwen, Zou, Zhiyong, Zuniga, Yves Miel H., Murray, Christopher J.L., Fuster, Valentin, Barengo, Noël C., Beaton, Andrea Z., Bonny, Aimé, Carapetis, Jonathan, Chugh, Sumeet S., Criqui, Michael, DeCleene, Nicole, Fernández-Solà, Joaquim, Fowkes, Gerry, Kassebaum, Nicholas, Koroshetz, Walter, Temesgen, Awoke Misganaw, Mokdad, Ali, Moraes de Oliveira, Glaucia, Otto, Catherine, Owolabi, Mayowa, Reitsma, Marissa, Rigotti, Nancy, Sable, Craig, Shakil, Saate, Sliwa-Hahnle, Karen, Stark, Benjamin, Tleyjeh, Imad M., Zuhlke, Liesl, and Murray, Christopher

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2020
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20. Mapping geographical inequalities in access to drinking water and sanitation facilities in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17

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Deshpande, Aniruddha, Miller-Petrie, Molly K, Lindstedt, Paulina A, Baumann, Mathew M, Johnson, Kimberly B, Blacker, Brigette F, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, Abegaz, Kedir Hussein, Abejie, Ayenew Negesse, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrigo, Michael R.M., Abualhasan, Ahmed, Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou, Adamu, Abdu A, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Afarideh, Mohsen, Agudelo-Botero, Marcela, Ahmadi, Mehdi, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ahmed, Anwar E, Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie, Akanda, Ali S, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Samiah, Alam, Noore, Alamene, Genet Melak, Alanzi, Turki M, Albright, James, Albujeer, Ammar, Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth, Alebel, Animut, Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw, Ali, Muhammad, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almasi, Ali, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J., Amini, Saeed, Amit, Arianna Maever L., Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansariadi, Ansariadi, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Antony, Benny, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Arabloo, Jalal, Aref, Hany Mohamed Amin, Aremu, Olatunde, Armoon, Bahram, Arora, Amit, Aryal, Krishna K, Arzani, Afsaneh, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, Asmelash, Daniel, Atalay, Hagos Tasew, Athari, Seyyede Masoume, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atre, Sachin R, Ausloos, Marcel, Awasthi, Shally, Awoke, Nefsu, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Aynalem, Yared Asmare, Azari, Samad, Azman, Andrew S, Babaee, Ebrahim, Badawi, Alaa, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar, Banach, Maciej, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Barac, Aleksandra, Barboza, Miguel A, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Basu, Sanjay, Bay, Vo Dinh, Bayati, Mohsen, Bedi, Neeraj, Beheshti, Mahya, Behzadifar, Meysam, Behzadifar, Masoud, Bejarano Ramirez, Diana Fernanda, Bell, Michelle L, Bennett, Derrick A., Benzian, Habib, Berbada, Dessalegn Ajema, Bernstein, Robert S, Bhat, Anusha Ganapati, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhaumik, Soumyadeep, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shahdaat, Biswas, Raaj Kishore, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Boufous, Soufiane, Brady, Oliver J, Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Britton, Gabrielle B, Brown, Alexandria, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, Butt, Zahid A, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Campuzano Rincon, Julio Cesar, Cano, Jorge, Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carvalho, Felix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castro, Franz, Cerin, Ester, Chalise, Binaya, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chin, Ken Lee, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Cormier, Natalie Maria, Costa, Vera Marisa, Cromwell, Elizabeth A, Dadi, Abel Fekadu Fekadu, Dahiru, Tukur, Dahlawi, Saad M A, Dandona, Rakhi, Dandona, Lalit, Dang, Anh Kim, Daoud, Farah, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Darwish, Amira Hamed, Daryani, Ahmad, Das, Jai K, Das Gupta, Rajat, Dash, Aditya Prasad, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davis Weaver, Nicole, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, De Neve, Jan-Walter, Demissie, Dereje Bayissa, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Deribe, Kebede, Desalew, Assefa, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhillon, Preeti, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, Diaz, Daniel, Dipeolu, Isaac Oluwafemi, Do, Hoa Thi, Dolecek, Christiane, Doyle, Kerrie E, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Effiong, Andem, Eftekhari, Aziz, El Nahas, Nevine, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, El Tantawi, Maha, Elhabashy, Hala Rashad, El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I., El-Khatib, Ziad, Elkout, Hajer, Elsharkawy, Aisha, Enany, Shymaa, Endalew, Daniel Adane, Eshrati, Babak, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Etemadi, Arash, Ezekannagha, Oluchi, Faraon, Emerito Jose A., Fareed, Mohammad, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fasil, Alebachew Fasil, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, Feigin, Valery L., Fekadu, Wubalem, Fentahun, Netsanet, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Flohr, Carsten, Foigt, Nataliya A., Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Foroutan, Masoud, Franklin, Richard Charles, Frostad, Joseph Jon, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gad, Mohamed M, Garcia, Gregory M, Gatotoh, Augustine Mwangi, Gayesa, Reta Tsegaye, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Geramo, Yilma Chisha Dea, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghazi Sherbaf, Farzaneh, Gill, Tiffany K, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Ginindza, Themba G, Girmay, Alem, Gizaw, Zemichael, Goodridge, Amador, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia, Goulart, Alessandra C, Grada, Ayman, Green, Manfred S, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Guido, Davide, Guimarães, Rafael Alves, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Rahul, Ha, Giang Hai, Haagsma, Juanita A., Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haile, Dessalegn H, Haile, Michael Tamene, Hall, Brian J., Hamidi, Samer, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohannes, Haririan, Hamidreza, Hariyani, Ninuk, Hasaballah, Ahmed I., Hasan, Md. Mehedi, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hayelom, Desta Haftu, Hegazy, Mohamed I, Heibati, Behzad, Heidari, Behnam, Hendrie, Delia, Henok, Andualem, Herteliu, Claudiu, Heydarpour, Fatemeh, Hidru, Hagos Degefa de, Hird, Thomas R, Hoang, Chi Linh, Hollerich, Gillian I, Hoogar, Praveen, Hossain, Naznin, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Househ, Mowafa, Hu, Guoqing, Humayun, Ayesha, Hussain, Syed Ather, Hussen, Mamusha Aman A, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Milena D., Imani-Nasab, Mohammad Hasan, Iqbal, Usman, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Ivers, Rebecca Q, Iwu, Chinwe Juliana, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jalali, Amir, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jenabi, Ensiyeh, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jha, Vivekanand, Ji, John S, Jonas, Jost B., Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Kanchan, Tanuj, Karch, André, Karki, Surendra, Kasaeian, Amir, Kasahun, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie, Kasaye, Habtamu Kebebe, Kassa, Gebrehiwot G, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kayode, Gbenga A., Kebede, Mihiretu M, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Ketema, Daniel Bekele, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khalid, Nauman, Khalilov, Rovshan, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Junaid, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khatab, Khaled, Khater, Mona M, Khater, Amir M, Khayamzadeh, Maryam, Khazaei, Mohammad, Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kiadaliri, Ali, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Sezer, Kisa, Adnan, Kochhar, Sonali, Kolola, Tufa, Komaki, Hamidreza, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kugbey, Nuworza, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Kusuma, Dian, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lal, Aparna, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lam, Hilton, Lami, Faris Hasan, Lansingh, Van Charles, Lasrado, Savita, Lebedev, Georgy, Lee, Paul H, LeGrand, Kate E, Leili, Mostafa, Lenjebo, Tsegaye Lolaso, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Levine, Aubrey J, Lewycka, Sonia, Li, Shanshan, Linn, Shai, Liu, Shiwei, Lopez, Jaifred Christian F, Lopukhov, Platon D, Magdy Abd El Razek, Muhammed, Mahadeshwara Prasad, D.R., Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Mahotra, Narayan B., Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A, Manafi, Navid, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mapoma, Chabila Christopher, Martinez, Gabriel, Martini, Santi, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Mathur, Manu Raj, Mayala, Benjamin K, Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar, Mehta, Kala M, Mekonnen, Teferi, Mekonnen, Tefera Chane, Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Meles, Hagazi Gebre, Memiah, Peter T N, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mereta, Seid Tiku, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Metekiya, Workua Mekonnen, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Miller, Ted R, Mini, GK, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Moazen, Babak, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammad, Dara K., Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser, Mohammadibakhsh, Roghayeh, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohammed, Jemal Abdu, Mohammed, Hassen, Mohebi, Farnam, Mokdad, Ali H, Moodley, Yoshan, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi, Ghobad, Moradi-Joo, Mohammad, Moraga, Paula, Morales, Linda, Mosapour, Abbas, Mosser, Jonathan F., Mouodi, Simin, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Mozaffor, Miliva, Munro, Sandra B, Muriithi, Moses K., Murray, Christopher J L, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mustafa, Ghulam, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Naderi, Mehdi, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naik, Gurudatta, Nangia, Vinay, Nascimento, Bruno Ramos, Nazari, Javad, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Negoi, Ionut, Netsere, Henok Biresaw, Ngunjiri, Josephine W., Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen, QuynhAnh P, Nigatu, Solomon Gedlu, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Nojomi, Marzieh, Norheim, Ole F, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Oancea, Bogdan, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V., Osarenotor, Osayomwanbo, Osei, Frank B, Owolabi, Mayowa O, P A, Mahesh, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao., Pakhale, Smita, Pana, Adrian, Park, Eun-Kee, Patel, Sangram Kishor, Pathak, Ashish, Patle, Ajay, Paulos, Kebreab, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Perico, Norberto, Pervaiz, Aslam, Pescarini, Julia Moreira, Pesudovs, Konrad, Pham, Hai Quang, Pigott, David M, Pilgrim, Thomas, Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Poljak, Mario, Pollock, Ian, Postma, Maarten J, Pourmalek, Farshad, Pourshams, Akram, Prada, Sergio I, Preotescu, Liliana, Quintana, Hedley, Rabiee, Navid, Rabiee, Mohammad, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi, Siavash, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rajati, Fatemeh, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rao, Puja C, Rasella, Davide, Rath, Goura Kishor, Rawaf, Salman, Rawal, Lal, Rawasia, Wasiq Faraz, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renjith, Vishnu, Renzaho, Andre M.N., Resnikoff, Serge, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Ribeiro, Ana Isabel, Rickard, Jennifer, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rubino, Salvatore, Saad, Anas M, Sabour, Siamak, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar, Safari, Yahya, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sajadi, S. Mohammad, Salahshoor, Mohammad Reza, Salam, Nasir, Saleem, Ahsan, Salem, Hosni, Salem, Marwa Rashad, Salimi, Yahya, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Santos, Itamar S, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sartorius, Benn, Sathian, Brijesh, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Sayyah, Mehdi, Sbarra, Alyssa N, Schaeffer, Lauren E, Schwebel, David C, Senbeta, Anbissa Muleta, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serván-Mori, Edson, Shafieesabet, Azadeh, Shaheen, Amira A, Shahid, Izza, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shalash, Ali S, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Shamsi, MohammadBagher, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharafi, Kiomars, Sharma, Rajesh, Sheikh, Aziz, Shetty, B Suresh Kumar, Shiferaw, Wondimeneh Shibabaw, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shivakumar, K M, Si, Si, Siabani, Soraya, Siddiqi, Tariq Jamal, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Singh, Virendra, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Balbir Bagicha Singh, Singh, Jasvinder A., Singh, Ambrish, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Sisay, Malede Mequanent, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Smith, David L, Soares Filho, Adauto Martins, Sobhiyeh, Mohammad Reza, Sokhan, Anton, Soriano, Joan B, Sorrie, Muluken Bekele, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Sudaryanto, Agus, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Suleria, Hafiz Ansar Rasul, Sykes, Bryan L., Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tadesse, Degena Bahrey, Tarigan, Ingan Ukur, Taye, Bineyam, Tefera, Yonatal Mesfin, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Tekelemedhin, Shishay Wahdey, Tekle, Merhawi Gebremedhin, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tesfay, Berhe Etsay, Tesfay, Fisaha Haile, Tessema, Zemenu Tadesse, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, ThekkePurakkal, Akhil Soman, Thomas, Nihal, Thompson, Robert L, Thomson, Alan J, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Traini, Eugenio, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Ullah, Irfan, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Usman, Muhammad Shariq, Uthman, Olalekan A, Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. 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2020
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21. Mapping geographical inequalities in oral rehydration therapy coverage in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17

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Wiens, Kirsten E, Lindstedt, Paulina A, Blacker, Brigette F, Johnson, Kimberly B, Baumann, Mathew M, Schaeffer, Lauren E, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Sr, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, Abegaz, Kedir Hussein, Abejie, Ayenew Negesse, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abualhasan, Ahmed, Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou, Acharya, Dilaram, Adabi, Maryam, Adamu, Abdu A, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Sr, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Sr, Adhena, Beyene Meressa, Afarideh, Mohsen, Ahmad, Sohail, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmed, Anwar E, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ahmed, Rushdia, Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Noore, Sr, Alam, Samiah, Alamene, Genet Melak, Alanzi, Turki M, Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almasi, Ali, Sr, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Amini, Saeed, Sr, Amit, Arianna Maever L, Sr, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Sr, Anjomshoa, Mina, Anoushiravani, Amir, Sr, Ansari, Fereshteh, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Antony, Benny, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Arabloo, Jalal, Aref, Hany Mohamed Amin, Sr, Aremu, Olatunde, Armoon, Bahram, Arora, Amit, Sr, Aryal, Krishna K, Arzani, Afsaneh, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, Atalay, Hagos Tasew, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Sr, Athari, Seyyede Masoume, Atre, Sachin R, Ausloos, Marcel, Awoke, Nefsu, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Sr, Aynalem IV, Yared Asmare, Azari, Samad, Azzopardi, Peter S, Babaee, Ebrahim, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, Badawi, Alaa, Sr, Bairwa, Mohan, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar, Bali, Ayele Geleto, Banach, Maciej, Sr, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Sr, Barac, Aleksandra, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Basaleem, Huda, Basu, Sanjay, Bay, Vo Dinh, Bayati, Mohsen, Baye, Estifanos, Bedi, Neeraj, Beheshti, Mahya Mahya Beheshti, Behzadifar, Masoud, Behzadifar, Meysam, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Belayneh, Yaschilal Muche, Bell, Michellr L, Sr, Bennett, Derrick A, Sr, Berbada, Dessalegn Ajema, Bernstein, Robert S, Bhat, Anusha Ganapati, Sr, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Sr, Bhattarai, Suraj, Bhaumik, Soumyadeep, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Birihane IV, Binyam Minuye, Biswas, Raaj Kishore, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Bojia I, Hunduma Amensisa Amensisa, Boufous, Soufiane, Brady, Oliver J, Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi, Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Britton, Gabrielle B, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, Sr, Busse, Reinhard, Sr, Butt, Zahid A, Cámera, Luis LA Alberto, Sr, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Sr, Cano, Jorge, Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carvalho, Felix, Sr, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Sr, Castro, Franz, Chanie, Wagaye Fentahun, Sr, Chatterjee, Pranab, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chichiabellu, Tesfaye Yitna Yitna, Jr, Chin, Ken Lee, Sr, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Cormier, Natalie Maria, Costa, Vera Marisa, Culquichicon, Carlos, Daba, Matiwos Soboka, Damiani, Giovanni, Sr, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dang, Anh Kim, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Darwish, Amira Hamed, Daryani, Ahmad, Sr, Das, Jai K, Das Gupta, Rajat, Dash, Aditya Prasad, Davey, Gail, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davis, Adrian C, Sr, Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, Demis, Asmamaw Bizuneh, Demissie, Dereje Bayissa, Demissie, Getu Debalkie, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, Sr, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Sr, Deribe, Kebede, Sr, Desalew, Assefa, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhillon, Preeti, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, Diaz, Daniel, Sr, Dipeolu, Isaac Oluwafemi, Djalalinia, Shirin, Doyle, Kerrie E, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Duko, Bereket, Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Ebrahimi Kalan, Mohammad, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Sr, Effiong, Andem, Sr, Eftekhari, Aziz, El Nahas, Nevine, El Sayed, Iman, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, El Tantawi, Maha, Elema I, Teshome Bekele, Elhabashy, Hala Rashad, Sr, El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I, Elkout, Hajer, Elsharkawy, Aisha, Elyazar, Iqbal RF, Endalamaw, Aklilu, Endalew, Daniel Adane, Sr, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esteghamati, Alireza, Esteghamati, Sadaf, Sr, Etemadi, Arash, Ezekannagha, Oluchi, Fareed, Mohammad, Faridnia, Roghiyeh, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, Feigin, Valery L, Sr, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foigt, Nataliya A, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Sr, Foroutan, Masoud, Franklin, Richard Charles, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gad, Mohamed M, Gayesa, Reta Tsegaye, Gebre, Teshome, Sr, Gebremedhin, Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Sr, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gezae, Kebede Embaye, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Sr, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghimire, Pramesh Raj, Sr, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Sr, Gill, Tiffany K, Ginindza, Themba G G, Gomes, Nelson G M, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goulart, Alessandra C, Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia, Grada, Ayman, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Sr, Guido, Davide, Guimarães, Rafael Alves, Guo, Yuming, Sr, Gupta, Rajeev, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haile, Dessalegn H, Sr, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arya, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hamidi, Samer, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohannes, Haririan, Hamidreza, Sr, Hariyani, Ninuk, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Md Mehedi, Hasanpoor, Edris, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hegazy, Mohamed I, Heibati, Behzad, Heidari, Behnam, Hendrie, Delia, Sr, Henry, Nathaniel J, Herteliu, Claudiu, Heydarpour, Fatemeh, Hidru I, Hagos Degefa de, Hird, Thomas R, Hoang, Chi Linh, Homaie Rad, Enayatollah, Hoogar, Praveen, Hoseini, Mohammad, Hossain, Naznin, Hosseini, Mostafa, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Househ, Mowafa, Hsairi, Mohamed, Sr, Hu, Guoqing, Hussen, Mohammedaman Mama, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Igumbor, Ehimario U, Sr, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Milena D, Imani-Nasab, Mohammad Hasan, Iqbal, Usman, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Iwu, Chinwe Juliana, Izadi, Neda, Sr, Jaca, Anelisa, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jalali, Amir, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jha, Vivekanand, Ji, John S, Sr, Jonas, Jost B, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Sr, Kahsay, Amaha, Kalani, Hamed, Kanchan, Tanuj, Karami Matin, Behzad, Karch, André, Karim, Mohd Anisul, Karimi-Sari, Hamidreza, Karki, Surendra, Kasaeian, Amir, Kasahun, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie, Kasahun, Yawukal chane, Kasaye, Habtamu Kebebe, Kassa, Gebrehiwot G, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kayode, Gbenga A, Kazemi Karyani, Ali, Kebede, Mihiretu M, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kelbore, Abraham Getachew, Sr, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Sr, Ketema, Daniel Bekele, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khalid, Nauman, Khalilov, Rovshan, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Sr, Khan, Junaid, Khan I, Md Nuruzzaman, Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb, Khatab, Khaled, Sr, Khater, Amir M, Khater, Mona M, Khayamzadeh, Maryam, Khazaei, Mohammad, Khazaei, Salman, Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kiadaliri, Ali, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kissoon, Niranjan, Sr, KMShivakumar, Shivakumar KM Marulasiddaiah M, Sr, Kochhar, Sonali, Kolola, Tufa, Sr, Komaki, Hamidreza, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kraemer, Moritz U G, Krishan, Kewal, Kugbey, Nuworza, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Sr, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kumar, Vivek, Kusuma, Dian, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lad, Sheetal D, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lam, Felix, Lami, Faris Hasan, Sr, Lamichhane, Prabhat, Lansingh, Van Charles, Lasrado, Savita, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lee, Paul H, Sr, LeGrand, Kate E, Leili, Mostafa, Lenjebo, Tsegaye Lolaso, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Sr, Levine, Aubrey J, Li, Shanshan, Sr, Linn, Shai, Liu, Shiwei, Liu, Simin, Lodha, Rakesh, Longbottom, Joshua, Lopez, Jaifred Christian F, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Magdy Abd El Razek, Muhammed, Mahadeshwara Prasad, D R, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Sr, Mahotra, Narayan B, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Sr, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A, Sr, Manafi, Navid, Sr, Manda, Ana Laura, Manohar, Narendar Dawani Dawanu, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mapoma, Chabila Christopher, Maravilla, Joemer C, Martinez, Gabriel, Sr, Martini, Santi, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Masaka, Anthony, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, Mathur, Manu Raj, Mayala, Benjamin K, Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Sr, Mehta, Kala M, Mekonnen, Tefera C Chane, Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Memiah, Peter T N, Memish, Ziad A, Sr, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mereta, Seid Tiku, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Sr, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Mihretie, Kebadnew Mulatu, Sr, Miller, Ted R, Mini, GK, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Moazen, Babak, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamadi-Bolbanabad, Amjad, Mohammad, Dara K, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser, Mohammadibakhsh, Roghayeh, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Mohammed, Jemal Abdu, Sr, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohebi, Farnam, Mokdad, Ali H, Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moodley, Yoshan, Sr, Moore, Catrin E, Sr, Moradi, Ghobad, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi-Joo, Mohammad, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morales, Linda, Moreno Velásquez, Ilais, Mosapour, Abbas, Mouodi, Simin, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Mozaffor I, Miliva, Muchie, Kindie Fentahun, Sr, Mulaw, Getahun Fentaw, Sr, Munro, Sandra B, Muriithi, Moses K, Murray, Christopher J L, Murthy, GVS, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Mustafa, Ghulam, Sr, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Sr, Nabhan, Ashraf F, Naderi, Mehdi, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naidoo, Kovin S, Naik, Gurudatta, Najafi, Farid, Nangia, Vinay, Sr, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, Nascimento, Bruno Ramos, Sr, Nazari, Javad, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Sr, Negoi, Ionut, Sr, Netsere, Henok Biresaw Netsere, Sr, Ngunjiri, Josephine W, Sr, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nigatu, Dabere, Nigatu, Solomon Gedlu, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Nojomi, Marzieh, Nong, Vuong Minh, Norheim, Ole F, Sr, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nouraei Motlagh, Soraya, Oancea, Bogdan, Ogah, Okechukwu Samuel, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Sr, Oren, Eyal, Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V V, Sr, Osarenotor, Osayomwanbo, Osei, Frank B, Sr, Owolabi, Mayowa O, P A, Mahesh, Sr, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pakhale, Smita, Patel, Sangram Kishor, Paternina-Caicedo, Angel J, Sr, Pathak, Ashish, Sr, Patton, George C, Paudel, Deepak, Sr, Paulos, Kebreab, Sr, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Pereira, Alexandre, Perico, Norberto, Pervaiz, Aslam, Pescarini, Julia Moreira, Piroozi, Bakhtiar, Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Postma, Maarten J, Pourjafar, Hadi, Pourmalek, Farshad, Sr, Pourshams, Akram, Poustchi, Hossein, Prada, Sergio I, Sr, Prasad, Narayan, Preotescu, Liliana, Quintana, Hedley, Rabiee, Navid, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahman, SHAFIUR, Rajati, Fatemeh, Sr, Rana, Saleem Muhammad, Sr, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rasella, Davide, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Sr, Rawal, Lal, Rawasia, Wasiq Faraz, Renjith, Vishnu, Renzaho, Andre M N, Sr, Resnikoff, Serge, Sr, Reta, Melese Abate, Rezaei, Negar, Rezai, Mohammad sadegh, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Ribeiro, Ana Isabel, Rickard, Jennifer, Sr, Rios-Blancas, Maria, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Sr, Ross, Jennifer M, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rubino, Salvatore, Saad, Anas M, Sabde, Yogesh Damodar, Sabour, Siamak, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Sr, Safari, Yahya, Safari-Faramani, Roya, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sajadi, S Mohammad, Salahshoor, Mohammad Reza, Salam, Nasir, Sr, Salamati, Payman, Salem, Hosni, Salem I, Marwa R Rashad, Salimi, Yahya, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Sr, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sarkar, Kaushik, Sr, Sarker, Abdur Razzaque, Sarrafzadegan I, Nizal, Sartorius, Benn, Sathian, Brijesh, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Sr, Schwebel, David C, Sr, Senbeta IV, Anbissa Muleta, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serván-Mori, Edson, Sr, Shabaninejad, Hosein, Shafieesabet, Azadeh, Sr, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shalash, Ali S, Sr, Shallo, Seifadin Ahmed, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Shamsi, MohammadBagher, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharafi, Kiomars, Sharifi, Hamid, Shehata, Hatem Samir, Sr, Sheikh, Aziz, Shetty, B Suresh Kumar, Sr, Shibuya, Kenji, Sr, Shiferaw, Wondimeneh Shibabaw, Sr, Shifti, Desalegn Markos, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Shiri, Rahman, Sr, Shirkoohi, Reza, Siabani, Soraya, Siddiqi, Tariq Jamal, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Singh, Ambrish, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Virendra, Sisay, Malede Mequanent, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Sobhiyeh, Mohammad Reza, Sr, Sokhan, Anton, Soltani, Shahin, Somayaji, Ranjani, Soofi, Moslem, Sorrie, Muluken Bekele, Sr, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Sudaryanto, Agus, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Sr, Suleria, Hafiz Ansar Rasul, Sultana, Marufa, Sunguya, Bruno Fokas, Sykes, Bryan L, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tadesse, Degena Bahrey, Jr, Tarigan, Ingan Ukur, Tasew, Aberash Abay, Tefera, Yonatal Mesfin, Sr, Tekle, Merhawi Gebremedhin, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tesfay I, Berhe Etsay, Tesfay, Fisaha Haile Haile, Tessema, Belay, Tessema, Zemenu Tadesse, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thomas, Nihal, Toma, Alemayehu Toma, Sr, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto Roberto, Traini, Eugenio, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Ullah, Irfan, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Usman, Muhammad Shariq, Sr, Uzochukwu, Benjamin S Chudi, Sr, Valdez, Pascual R, Varughese, Santosh, Sr, Violante, Francesco S, Sr, Vollmer, Sebastian, Sr, W/hawariat, Feleke Gebremeskel, Sr, Waheed, Yasir, Wallin, Mitchell Taylor, Wang, Yafeng, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weaver, Marcia, Weji, Bedilu Girma, Weldesamuel, Girmay Teklay, Welgan, Catherine A, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Sr, Wiangkham, Taweewat, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Sr, Wolde, Haileab Fekadu, Sr, Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Wonde, Tewodros Eshete, Sr, Worku, Getasew Taddesse, Sr, Wu, Ai-Min, Xu, Gelin, Yadollahpour, Ali, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yamada, Tomohide, Sr, Yatsuya, Hiroshi, Yeshaneh, Alex, Yilgwan, Christopher Sabo, Yilma, Mekdes Tigistu, Yip, Paul, Sr, Yisma, Engida, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Sr, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yousefifard, Mahmoud, Yousof, Hebat-Allah Salah A, Yu, Chuanhua, Yusefzadeh, Hasan, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamani, Mohammad, Zandian, Hamed, Zepro, Nejimu Biza, Zerfu, Taddese Alemu, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhao, Xiu-Ju George, Ziapour, Arash, Zodpey, Sanjay, Sr, Zuniga, Yves Miel H, Hay, Simon I, and Reiner, Robert C, Jr

Published
2020
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25. Opium use and subsequent incidence of cancer: results from the Golestan Cohort Study

Author

Sheikh, Mahdi, Shakeri, Ramin, Poustchi, Hossein, Pourshams, Akram, Etemadi, Arash, Islami, Farhad, Khoshnia, Masoud, Gharavi, Abdolsamad, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Khademi, Hooman, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Hashemian, Maryam, Fazel, Abdolreza, Zahedi, Mahdi, Abedi-Ardekani, Behnoush, Boffetta, Paolo, Dawsey, Sanford M, Pharoah, Paul D, Sotoudeh, Masoud, Freedman, Neal D, Abnet, Christian C, Day, Nicholas E, Brennan, Paul, Kamangar, Farin, and Malekzadeh, Reza

Published
2020
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26. Diet Quality and Subsequent Incidence of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers: Results from the Golestan Cohort Study

Author

Namaki, Majid, primary, Hashemian, Maryam, additional, Arj, Abbas, additional, Poustchi, Hossein, additional, Roshandel, Gholamreza, additional, Loghman, Amir Hossein, additional, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., additional, Pourshams, Akram, additional, Khoshnia, Masoud, additional, Gharavi, Abdolsamad, additional, Abdolahi, Nafiseh, additional, Besharat, Sima, additional, Hekmatdoost, Azita, additional, Brennan, Paul, additional, Dawsey, Sanford M., additional, Kamangar, Farin, additional, Boffetta, Paolo, additional, Abnet, Christian C., additional, Malekzadeh, Reza, additional, and Sheikh, Mahdi, additional

Published
2023
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27. Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017

Author

Burstein, Roy, Henry, Nathaniel J., Collison, Michael L., Marczak, Laurie B., Sligar, Amber, Watson, Stefanie, Marquez, Neal, Abbasalizad-Farhangi, Mahdieh, Abbasi, Masoumeh, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdoli, Amir, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi, Abrigo, Michael R. M., Acharya, Dilaram, Adebayo, Oladimeji M., Adekanmbi, Victor, Adham, Davoud, Afshari, Mahdi, Aghaali, Mohammad, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadi, Mehdi, Ahmadpour, Ehsan, Ahmed, Rushdia, Akal, Chalachew Genet, Akinyemi, Joshua O., Alahdab, Fares, Alam, Noore, Alamene, Genet Melak, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, Alinia, Cyrus, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almalki, Mohammed J., Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M., Altirkawi, Khalid, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amegah, Adeladza Kofi, Amini, Saeed, Amit, Arianna Maever Loreche, Anbari, Zohreh, Androudi, Sofia, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Arabloo, Jalal, Arefi, Zohreh, Aremu, Olatunde, Armoon, Bahram, Arora, Amit, Artaman, Al, Asadi, Anvar, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, Ashraf-Ganjouei, Amir, Assadi, Reza, Ataeinia, Bahar, Atre, Sachin R., Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azari, Samad, Babaee, Ebrahim, Babazadeh, Arefeh, Badawi, Alaa, Bagheri, Soghra, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Baheiraei, Nafiseh, Balouchi, Abbas, Barac, Aleksandra, Bassat, Quique, Baune, Bernhard T., Bayati, Mohsen, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Behzadifar, Masoud, Behzadifar, Meysam, Belay, Yared Belete, Bell, Brent, Bell, Michelle L., Berbada, Dessalegn Ajema, Bernstein, Robert S., Bhattacharjee, Natalia V., Bhattarai, Suraj, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Bijani, Ali, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Breitborde, Nicholas J. K., Britton, Gabrielle, Browne, Annie J., Nagaraja, Sharath Burugina, Busse, Reinhard, Butt, Zahid A., Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Cerin, Ester, Chanie, Wagaye Fentahun, Chatterjee, Pranab, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Cooper, Cyrus, Costa, Vera M., Dalal, Koustuv, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daoud, Farah, Daryani, Ahmad, Das Gupta, Rajat, Davis, Ian, Davis Weaver, Nicole, Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil, De Neve, Jan-Walter, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, Deribe, Kebede, Desai, Rupak, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Desyibelew, Hanna Demelash, Dey, Sagnik, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhimal, Meghnath, Diaz, Daniel, Doshmangir, Leila, Duraes, Andre R., Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura, Earl, Lucas, Ebrahimi, Roya, Ebrahimpour, Soheil, Effiong, Andem, Eftekhari, Aziz, Ehsani-Chimeh, Elham, El Sayed, Iman, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, El Tantawi, Maha, El-Khatib, Ziad, Emamian, Mohammad Hassan, Enany, Shymaa, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Eyawo, Oghenowede, Ezalarab, Maha, Faramarzi, Mahbobeh, Fareed, Mohammad, Faridnia, Roghiyeh, Faro, Andre, Fazaeli, Ali Akbar, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, Fentahun, Netsanet, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, João C., Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foigt, Nataliya A., Foroutan, Masoud, Francis, Joel Msafiri, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Fullman, Nancy, Gallus, Silvano, Gebre, Destallem Gebremedhin, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gessner, Bradford D., Geta, Birhanu, Gething, Peter W., Ghadimi, Reza, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghajarzadeh, Mahsa, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gill, Tiffany K., Golding, Nick, Gomes, Nelson G. M., Gona, Philimon N., Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia, Graetz, Nicholas, Greaves, Felix, Green, Manfred S., Guo, Yuming, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arya, Hall, Brian James, Hamidi, Samer, Haririan, Hamidreza, Haro, Josep Maria, Hasankhani, Milad, Hasanpoor, Edris, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hegazy, Mohamed I., Hendrie, Delia, Heydarpour, Fatemeh, Hird, Thomas R., Hoang, Chi Linh, Hollerich, Gillian, Rad, Enayatollah Homaie, Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi, Mojtaba, Hossain, Naznin, Hosseini, Mostafa, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Househ, Mowafa, Hsairi, Mohamed, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Imani-Nasab, Mohammad Hasan, Iqbal, Usman, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Nazrul, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Jürisson, Mikk, Balalami, Nader Jafari, Jalali, Amir, Javidnia, Javad, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jenabi, Ensiyeh, Ji, John S., Jobanputra, Yash B., Johnson, Kimberly, Jonas, Jost B., Shushtari, Zahra Jorjoran, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Kabir, Ali, Kahsay, Amaha, Kalani, Hamed, Kalhor, Rohollah, Karami, Manoochehr, Karki, Surendra, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kemp, Grant Rodgers, Khabiri, Roghayeh, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Junaid, Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb, Khang, Young-Ho, Khatab, Khaled, Khater, Amir, Khater, Mona M., Khatony, Alireza, Khazaei, Mohammad, Khazaei, Salman, Khazaei-Pool, Maryam, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kianipour, Neda, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W., Kinyoki, Damaris K., Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kolola, Tufa, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kraemer, Moritz U. G., Krishan, Kewal, Krohn, Kris J., Kugbey, Nuworza, Kumar, G. Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kuupiel, Desmond, Lacey, Ben, Lad, Sheetal D., Lami, Faris Hasan, Larsson, Anders O., Lee, Paul H., Leili, Mostafa, Levine, Aubrey J., Li, Shanshan, Lim, Lee-Ling, Listl, Stefan, Longbottom, Joshua, Lopez, Jaifred Christian F., Lorkowski, Stefan, Magdeldin, Sameh, Abd El Razek, Hassan Magdy, Abd El Razek, Muhammed Magdy, Majeed, Azeem, Maleki, Afshin, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manafi, Navid, Manda, Ana-Laura, Mansourian, Morteza, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Masaka, Anthony, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, Maulik, Pallab K., Mayala, Benjamin K., Mazidi, Mohsen, McKee, Martin, Mehrotra, Ravi, Mehta, Kala M., Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G., Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miller, Ted R., Miller-Petrie, Molly K., Mills, Edward J., Milne, George J., Mini, G. K., Mir, Seyed Mostafa, Mirjalali, Hamed, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Mohamadi, Efat, Mohammad, Dara K., Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Mezerji, Naser Mohammad Gholi, Mohammed, Ammas Siraj, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H., Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moodley, Yoshan, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moradi, Ghobad, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi, Yousef, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moradinazar, Mehdi, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Mosapour, Abbas, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Mueller, Ulrich Otto, Muluneh, Atalay Goshu, Mustafa, Ghulam, Nabavizadeh, Behnam, Naderi, Mehdi, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Nahvijou, Azin, Najafi, Farid, Nangia, Vinay, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Neamati, Nahid, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Ngunjiri, Josephine W., Thi Nguyen, Huong Lan, Nguyen, Long Hoang, Nguyen, Son Hoang, Nielsen, Katie R., Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nirayo, Yirga Legesse, Nixon, Molly R., Nnaji, Chukwudi A., Nojomi, Marzieh, Noroozi, Mehdi, Nosratnejad, Shirin, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Motlagh, Soraya Nouraei, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oladimeji, Kelechi E., Olagunju, Andrew T., Olfatifar, Meysam, Olum, Solomon, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Oluwasanu, Mojisola Morenike, Onwujekwe, Obinna E., Oren, Eyal, Ortega-Altamirano, Doris D. V., Ortiz, Alberto, Osarenotor, Osayomwanbo, Osei, Frank B., Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron E., Otstavnov, Stanislav S., Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo, P. A., Mahesh, Pagheh, Abdol Sattar, Pakhale, Smita, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandey, Animika, Park, Eun-Kee, Parsian, Hadi, Pashaei, Tahereh, Patel, Sangram Kishor, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Pereira, Alexandre, Perkins, Samantha, Pickering, Brandon V., Pilgrim, Thomas, Pirestani, Majid, Piroozi, Bakhtiar, Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Plana-Ripoll, Oleguer, Pourjafar, Hadi, Puri, Parul, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quintana, Hedley, Rabiee, Mohammad, Rabiee, Navid, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi, Zohreh, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahimzadeh, Shadi, Rajati, Fatemeh, Raju, Sree Bhushan, Ramezankhani, Azra, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rasella, Davide, Rashedi, Vahid, Rawal, Lal, Reiner Jr, Robert C., Renzaho, Andre M. N., Rezaei, Satar, Rezapour, Aziz, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Ribeiro, Ana Isabel, Roever, Leonardo, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Roser, Max, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roshani, Daem, Rostami, Ali, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rubino, Salvatore, Sabour, Siamak, Sadat, Nafis, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Saeedi, Reza, Safari, Yahya, Safari-Faramani, Roya, Safdarian, Mahdi, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Salahshoor, Mohammad Reza, Salam, Nasir, Salamati, Payman, Salehi, Farkhonde, Zahabi, Saleh Salehi, Salimi, Yahya, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Salomon, Joshua A., Sambala, Evanson Zondani, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric Milicevic, Milena M., Jose, Bruno Piassi Sao, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, Sartorius, Benn, Sathian, Brijesh, Saxena, Sonia, Sbarra, Alyssa N., Schaeffer, Lauren E., Schwebel, David C., Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba, Shaahmadi, Faramarz, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Shamshirian, Amir, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Sharafi, Kiomars, Sharif, Mehdi, Sharif-Alhoseini, Mahdi, Sharifi, Hamid, Sharma, Jayendra, Sharma, Rajesh, Sheikh, Aziz, Shields, Chloe, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shiue, Ivy, Shuval, Kerem, Siddiqi, Tariq J., Silva, João Pedro, Singh, Jasvinder A., Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Sisay, Malede Mequanent, Sisay, Solomon, Sliwa, Karen, Smith, David L., Somayaji, Ranjani, Soofi, Moslem, Soriano, Joan B., Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Sudaryanto, Agus, Sufiyan, Mu’awiyyah Babale, Sykes, Bryan L., Sylaja, P. N., Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabb, Karen M., Tabuchi, Takahiro, Taveira, Nuno, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tessema, Zemenu Tadesse, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, To, Quyen G., Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Ullah, Irfan, Usman, Muhammad Shariq, Uthman, Olalekan A., Vahedian-Azimi, Amir, Valdez, Pascual R., van Boven, Job F. M., Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vasseghian, Yasser, Veisani, Yousef, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S., Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Vlassov, Vasily, Vos, Theo, Vu, Giang Thu, Vujcic, Isidora S., Waheed, Yasir, Wakefield, Jon, Wang, Haidong, Wang, Yafeng, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Ward, Joseph L., Weintraub, Robert G., Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey, Weldesamuel, Girmay Teklay, Westerman, Ronny, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Woyczynski, Lauren, Wu, Ai-Min, Xu, Gelin, Yadegar, Abbas, Yamada, Tomohide, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid, Yilgwan, Christopher Sabo, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Lebni, Javad Yoosefi, Younis, Mustafa Z., Yousefifard, Mahmoud, Yousof, Hebat-Allah Salah A., Yu, Chuanhua, Yusefzadeh, Hasan, Zabeh, Erfan, Moghadam, Telma Zahirian, Bin Zaman, Sojib, Zamani, Mohammad, Zandian, Hamed, Zangeneh, Alireza, Zerfu, Taddese Alemu, Zhang, Yunquan, Ziapour, Arash, Zodpey, Sanjay, Murray, Christopher J. L., and Hay, Simon I.

Published
2019
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30. Habitual dietary intake of flavonoids and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: Golestan cohort study

Author

Hejazi, Jalal, Ghanavati, Matin, Hejazi, Ehsan, Poustchi, Hossein, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Khoshnia, Masoud, Gharavi, Abdolsamad, Sohrabpour, Amir Ali, Sotoudeh, Masoud, Dawsey, Sanford M., Boffetta, Paolo, Abnet, Christian C., Kamangar, Farin, Etemadi, Arash, Pourshams, Akram, FazeltabarMalekshah, Akbar, Brennan, Paul, Malekzadeh, Reza, and Hekmatdoost, Azita

Published
2020
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32. Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents’ growth and development

Author

NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), [missing], Mishra, Anu, Zhou, Bin, Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea, Bixby, Honor, Singleton, Rosie K., Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M., Sheffer, Kate E., Paciorek, Christopher J., Bennett, James E., Lhoste, Victor, Iurilli, Maria L. C., Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Bentham, James, Phelps, Nowell H., Sophiea, Marisa K., Stevens, Gretchen A., Danaei, Goodarz, Cowan, Melanie J., Savin, Stefan, Riley, Leanne M., Gregg, Edward W., Aekplakorn, Wichai, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Baker, Jennifer L., Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fink, Günther, Heinen, Mirjam, Ikeda, Nayu, Kengne, Andre P., Khang, Young-Ho, Laatikainen, Tiina, Laxmaiah, Avula, Ma, Jun, Monroy-Valle, Michele, Mridha, Malay K., Padez, Cristina P., Reynolds, Andrew, Sorić, Maroje, Starc, Gregor, Wirth, James P., Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abdeen, Ziad A., Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Ghaffar, Suhaila Abdul, Abdul Rahim, Hanan F., Abdurrahmonova, Zulfiya, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M., Garba, Jamila Abubakar, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adam, Ishag, Adamczyk, Marzena, Adams, Robert J., Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Afsana, Kaosar, Afzal, Shoaib, Agbor, Valirie N., Agdeppa, Imelda A., Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Aguenaou, Hassan, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadi, Nastaran, Ahmed, Imran, Ahmed, Soheir H., Ahrens, Wolfgang, Aitmurzaeva, Gulmira, Ajlouni, Kamel, Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M., Al-Lahou, Badreya, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Al Hourani, Huda M., Al Qaoud, Nawal M., Alarouj, Monira, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Aldwairji, Maryam A., Alexius, Sylvia, Ali, Mohamed M., Alkandari, Abdullah, Alkerwi, Ala’a, Alkhatib, Buthaina M., Allin, Kristine, Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N., Etxezarreta, Pilar Amiano, Amoah, John, Amougou, Norbert, Amouyel, Philippe, Andersen, Lars Bo, Anderssen, Sigmund A., Androutsos, Odysseas, Ängquist, Lars, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Anufrieva, Elena, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Araújo, Joana, Ariansen, Inger, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E., Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K., Aseffa, Nega, Aspelund, Thor, Assah, Felix K., Assembekov, Batyrbek, Assunção, Maria Cecília F., Aung, May Soe, Auvinen, Juha, Avdičová, Mária, Avi, Shina, Azevedo, Ana, Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen, Azizi, Fereidoun, Azmin, Mehrdad, Babu, Bontha V., Jørgensen, Maja Bæksgaard, Baharudin, Azli, Bahijri, Suhad, Bakacs, Marta, Balakrishna, Nagalla, Balanova, Yulia, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Banegas, José R., Baran, Joanna, Baran, Rafał, Barbagallo, Carlo M., Filho, Valter Barbosa, Barceló, Alberto, Baretić, Maja, Barkat, Amina, Barnoya, Joaquin, Barrera, Lena, Barreto, Marta, Barros, Aluisio J. D., Barros, Mauro Virgílio Gomes, Bartosiewicz, Anna, Basit, Abdul, Bastos, Joao Luiz D., Bata, Iqbal, Batieha, Anwar M., Batista, Aline P., Batista, Rosangela L., Battakova, Zhamilya, Baur, Louise A., Bayauli, Pascal M., Beaglehole, Robert, Bel-Serrat, Silvia, Belavendra, Antonisamy, Ben Romdhane, Habiba, Benedics, Judith, Benet, Mikhail, Rolandi, Gilda Estela Benitez, Bere, Elling, Bergh, Ingunn Holden, Berhane, Yemane, Berkinbayev, Salim, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bernotiene, Gailute, Carrasola, Ximena Berrios, Bettiol, Heloísa, Beutel, Manfred E., Beybey, Augustin F., Bezerra, Jorge, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bharadwaj, Sumit, Bhargava, Santosh K., Bi, Hongsheng, Bi, Yufang, Bia, Daniel, Biasch, Katia, Lele, Elysée Claude Bika, Bikbov, Mukharram M., Bista, Bihungum, Bjelica, Dusko J., Bjerregaard, Anne A., Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B., Björkelund, Cecilia, Bloch, Katia V., Blokstra, Anneke, Magnazu, Moran Blychfeld, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boddy, Lynne M., Boehm, Bernhard O., Boer, Jolanda M. A., Boggia, Jose G., Bogova, Elena, Boissonnet, Carlos P., Bojesen, Stig E., Bonaccio, Marialaura, Bongard, Vanina, Bonilla-Vargas, Alice, Bopp, Matthias, Borghs, Herman, Bovet, Pascal, Boymatova, Khadichamo, Braeckevelt, Lien, Braeckman, Lutgart, Bragt, Marjolijn C. E., Brajkovich, Imperia, Branca, Francesco, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Breda, João, Brenner, Hermann, Brewster, Lizzy M., Brian, Garry R., Briceño, Yajaira, Brinduse, Lacramioara, Brito, Miguel, Brophy, Sinead, Brug, Johannes, Bruno, Graziella, Bugge, Anna, Buntinx, Frank, Buoncristiano, Marta, Burazeri, Genc, Burns, Con, de León, Antonio Cabrera, Cacciottolo, Joseph, Cai, Hui, Caixeta, Roberta B., Cama, Tilema, Cameron, Christine, Camolas, José, Can, Günay, Cândido, Ana Paula C., Cañete, Felicia, Capanzana, Mario V., Čapková, Naděžda, Capuano, Eduardo, Capuano, Rocco, Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardol, Marloes, Cardoso, Viviane C., Carlsson, Axel C., Carmuega, Esteban, Carvalho, Joana, Casajús, José A., Casanueva, Felipe F., Casas, Maribel, Celikcan, Ertugrul, Censi, Laura, Cervantes‐Loaiza, Marvin, Cesar, Juraci A., Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Angelique, Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Himanshu K., Chaturvedi, Nish, Rahim, Norsyamlina Che Abdul, Chee, Miao Li, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Huashuai, Chen, Shuohua, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Cheng, Yiling J., Cheraghian, Bahman, Chetrit, Angela, Chikova-Iscener, Ekaterina, Chinapaw, Mai J. M., Chinnock, Anne, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chiou, Shu-Ti, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Christensen, Kaare, Christofaro, Diego G., Chudek, Jerzy, Cifkova, Renata, Cilia, Michelle, Cinteza, Eliza, Cirillo, Massimo, Claessens, Frank, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Cohen, Emmanuel, Compañ-Gabucio, Laura-María, Concin, Hans, Confortin, Susana C., Cooper, Cyrus, Coppinger, Tara C., Corpeleijn, Eva, Cortés, Lilia Yadira, Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Craig, Cora L., Crampin, Amelia C., Cross, Amanda J., Crujeiras, Ana B., Cruz, Juan J., Csányi, Tamás, Csilla, Semánová, Cucu, Alexandra M., Cui, Liufu, Cureau, Felipe V., Cuschieri, Sarah, Czenczek-Lewandowska, Ewelina, D’Arrigo, Graziella, d’Orsi, Eleonora, Dacica, Liliana, Dallongeville, Jean, Damasceno, Albertino, Damsgaard, Camilla T., Dankner, Rachel, Dantoft, Thomas M., Dasgupta, Parasmani, Dastgiri, Saeed, Dauchet, Luc, Davletov, Kairat, de Assis, Maria Alice Altenburg, De Backer, Gui, De Bacquer, Dirk, De Curtis, Amalia, de Fragas Hinnig, Patrícia, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, de Oliveira, Paula Duarte, De Ridder, David, De Ridder, Karin, de Rooij, Susanne R., De Smedt, Delphine, Deepa, Mohan, Deev, Alexander D., DeGennaro, Vincent, Delisle, Hélène, Delpeuch, Francis, Demarest, Stefaan, Dennison, Elaine, Dereń, Katarzyna, Deschamps, Valérie, Dhimal, Meghnath, Di Castelnuovo, Augusto, Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares, Díaz-Sánchez, María Elena, Diaz, Alejandro, Fernández, Pedro Díaz, Ripollés, María Pilar Díez, Dika, Zivka, Djalalinia, Shirin, Djordjic, Visnja, Do, Ha T. P., Dobson, Annette J., Dominguez, Liria, Donati, Maria Benedetta, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Dong, Guanghui, Dong, Yanhui, Donoso, Silvana P., Döring, Angela, Dorobantu, Maria, Dorosty, Ahmad Reza, Doua, Kouamelan, Dragano, Nico, Drygas, Wojciech, Duan, Jia Li, Duante, Charmaine A., Duboz, Priscilla, Duleva, Vesselka L., Dulskiene, Virginija, Dumith, Samuel C., Dushpanova, Anar, Dyussupova, Azhar, Dzerve, Vilnis, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Echeverría, Guadalupe, Eddie, Ricky, Eftekhar, Ebrahim, Egbagbe, Eruke E., Eggertsen, Robert, Eghtesad, Sareh, Eiben, Gabriele, Ekelund, Ulf, El-Khateeb, Mohammad, El Ammari, Laila, El Ati, Jalila, Eldemire-Shearer, Denise, Eliasen, Marie, Elliott, Paul, Endevelt, Ronit, Engle-Stone, Reina, Erasmus, Rajiv T., Erbel, Raimund, Erem, Cihangir, Ergor, Gul, Eriksen, Louise, Eriksson, Johan G., Escobedo-de la Peña, Jorge, Eslami, Saeid, Esmaeili, Ali, Evans, Alun, Faeh, David, Fakhradiyev, Ildar, Fakhretdinova, Albina A., Fall, Caroline H., Faramarzi, Elnaz, Farjam, Mojtaba, Sant’Angelo, Victoria Farrugia, Fattahi, Mohammad Reza, Fawwad, Asher, Fawzi, Wafaie W., Feigl, Edit, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J., Ferguson, Trevor S., Fernandes, Romulo A., Fernández-Bergés, Daniel, Ferrante, Daniel, Ferrao, Thomas, Ferrari, Gerson, Ferrari, Marika, Ferrario, Marco M., Ferreccio, Catterina, Ferreira, Haroldo S., Ferrer, Eldridge, Ferrieres, Jean, Figueiró, Thamara Hubler, Fijalkowska, Anna, Fisberg, Mauro, Fischer, Krista, Foo, Leng Huat, Forsner, Maria, Fouad, Heba M., Francis, Damian K., do Carmo Franco, Maria, Fras, Zlatko, Frontera, Guillermo, Fuchs, Flavio D., Fuchs, Sandra C., Fujiati, Isti I., Fujita, Yuki, Fumihiko, Matsuda, Furdela, Viktoriya, Furusawa, Takuro, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Gafencu, Mihai, Cuesta, Manuel Galán, Galbarczyk, Andrzej, Galenkamp, Henrike, Galeone, Daniela, Galfo, Myriam, Galvano, Fabio, Gao, Jingli, Gao, Pei, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Mérida, María José García, Solano, Marta García, Gareta, Dickman, Garnett, Sarah P., Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gasull, Magda, Gaya, Adroaldo Cesar Araujo, Gaya, Anelise Reis, Gazzinelli, Andrea, Gehring, Ulrike, Geiger, Harald, Geleijnse, Johanna M., George, Ronnie, Ghaderi, Ebrahim, Ghanbari, Ali, Ghasemi, Erfan, Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina, Gialluisi, Alessandro, Giampaoli, Simona, Gianfagna, Francesco, Gieger, Christian, Gill, Tiffany K., Giovannelli, Jonathan, Gironella, Glen, Giwercman, Aleksander, Gkiouras, Konstantinos, Glushkova, Natalya, Gluškova, Natalja, Godara, Ramesh, Godos, Justyna, Gogen, Sibel, Goldberg, Marcel, Goltzman, David, Gómez, Georgina, Gómez, Jesús Humberto Gómez, Gomez, Luis F., Gómez, Santiago F., Gomula, Aleksandra, da Silva, Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro, Gonçalves, Helen, Gonçalves, Mauer, González-Alvarez, Ana D., Gonzalez-Chica, David A., González-Gil, Esther M., Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela, González-Leon, Margot, González-Rivas, Juan P., González-Villalpando, Clicerio, González-Villalpando, María-Elena, Gonzalez, Angel R., Gottrand, Frederic, Graça, Antonio Pedro, Graff-Iversen, Sidsel, Grafnetter, Dušan, Grajda, Aneta, Grammatikopoulou, Maria G., Gregor, Ronald D., Gregório, Maria João, Grøholt, Else Karin, Grøntved, Anders, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gruden, Gabriella, Gu, Dongfeng, Guajardo, Viviana, Gualdi-Russo, Emanuela, Guallar-Castillón, Pilar, Gualtieri, Andrea, Gudmundsson, Elias F., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Guerrero, Ramiro, Guessous, Idris, Guimaraes, Andre L., Gulliford, Martin C., Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna, Gunter, Marc J., Guo, Xiu-Hua, Guo, Yin, Gupta, Prakash C., Gupta, Rajeev, Gureje, Oye, González, Enrique Gutiérrez, Gutierrez, Laura, Gutzwiller, Felix, Gwee, Xinyi, Ha, Seongjun, Hadaegh, Farzad, Hadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A., Haghshenas, Rosa, Hakimi, Hamid, Halkjær, Jytte, Hambleton, Ian R., Hamzeh, Behrooz, Hanekom, Willem A., Hange, Dominique, Hanif, Abu A. M., Hantunen, Sari, Hao, Jie, Hardman, Carla Menêses, Kumar, Rachakulla Hari, Lassen, Tina Harmer, Harooni, Javad, Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad, Hassapidou, Maria, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, Hayes, Alison J., He, Jiang, He, Yuan, He, Yuna, Heidinger-Felső, Regina, Heier, Margit, Hejgaard, Tatjana, Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth, dos Santos Henrique, Rafael, Henriques, Ana, Cadena, Leticia Hernandez, Herrala, Sauli, Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella, Herrera, Victor M., Herter-Aeberli, Isabelle, Herzig, Karl-Heinz, Heshmat, Ramin, Hill, Allan G., Ho, Sai Yin, Ho, Suzanne C., Hobbs, Michael, Höfelmann, Doroteia A., Holdsworth, Michelle, Homayounfar, Reza, Homs, Clara, Hopman, Wilma M., Horimoto, Andrea R. V. R., Hormiga, Claudia M., Horta, Bernardo L., Houti, Leila, Howitt, Christina, Htay, Thein Thein, Htet, Aung Soe, Htike, Maung Maung Than, Hu, Yonghua, Huerta, José María, Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani, Huiart, Laetitia, Petrescu, Constanta Huidumac, Huisman, Martijn, Husseini, Abdullatif, Huu, Chinh Nguyen, Huybrechts, Inge, Hwalla, Nahla, Hyska, Jolanda, Iacoviello, Licia, Iakupova, Ellina M., Ibarluzea, Jesús M., Ibrahim, Mohsen M., Wong, Norazizah Ibrahim, Ikram, M. Arfan, Iñiguez, Carmen, Iotova, Violeta, Irazola, Vilma E., Ishida, Takafumi, Isiguzo, Godsent C., Islam, Muhammad, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islek, Duygu, Ivanova-Pandourska, Ivaila Y., Iwasaki, Masanori, Jääskeläinen, Tuija, Jackson, Rod T., Jacobs, Jeremy M., Jadoul, Michel, Jafar, Tazeen, Jallow, Bakary, James, Kenneth, Jamil, Kazi M., Jamrozik, Konrad, Jansson, Anna, Janszky, Imre, Janus, Edward, Jarani, Juel, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jelaković, Ana, Jelaković, Bojan, Jennings, Garry, Jiang, Chao Qiang, Jimenez, Ramon O., Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Joffres, Michel, Jokelainen, Jari J., Jonas, Jost B., Jonnagaddala, Jitendra, Jørgensen, Torben, Joshi, Pradeep, Josipović, Josipa, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jóźwiak, Jacek J., Judge, Debra S., Juolevi, Anne, Jurak, Gregor, Simina, Iulia Jurca, Juresa, Vesna, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kaducu, Felix O., Kafatos, Anthony, Kaj, Mónika, Kajantie, Eero O., Kakutia, Natia, Kállayová, Daniela, Kalmatayeva, Zhanna, Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra, Kameli, Yves, Kampmann, Freja B., Kanala, Kodanda R., Kannan, Srinivasan, Kapantais, Efthymios, Karaglani, Eva, Karakosta, Argyro, Kårhus, Line L., Karki, Khem B., Katchunga, Philippe B., Katibeh, Marzieh, Katz, Joanne, Katzmarzyk, Peter T., Kauhanen, Jussi, Kaur, Prabhdeep, Kavousi, Maryam, Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M., Kaze, François F., Ke, Calvin, Keil, Ulrich, Boker, Lital Keinan, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kelishadi, Roya, Kelleher, Cecily, Kemper, Han C. G., Keramati, Maryam, Kerimkulova, Alina, Kersting, Mathilde, Key, Timothy, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khaledifar, Arsalan, Khalili, Davood, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kheiri, Bahareh, Kheradmand, Motahareh, Khosravi, Alireza, Khouw, Ilse M. S. L., Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kiechl, Sophia J., Kiechl, Stefan, Killewo, Japhet, Kim, Hyeon Chang, Kim, Jeongseon, Kindblom, Jenny M., Kingston, Andrew, Klakk, Heidi, Klimek, Magdalena, Klimont, Jeannette, Klumbiene, Jurate, Knoflach, Michael, Koirala, Bhawesh, Kolle, Elin, Kolsteren, Patrick, König, Jürgen, Korpelainen, Raija, Korrovits, Paul, Korzycka, Magdalena, Kos, Jelena, Koskinen, Seppo, Kouda, Katsuyasu, Kovács, Éva, Kovacs, Viktoria Anna, Kovalskys, Irina, Kowlessur, Sudhir, Koziel, Slawomir, Kratenova, Jana, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Kriaucioniene, Vilma, Kriemler, Susi, Kristensen, Peter Lund, Krizan, Helena, Kroker-Lobos, Maria F., Krokstad, Steinar, Kromhout, Daan, Kruger, Herculina S., Kruger, Ruan, Kryst, Łukasz, Kubinova, Ruzena, Kuciene, Renata, Kujala, Urho M., Kujundzic, Enisa, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Kulimbet, Mukhtar, Kumar, R. Krishna, Kunešová, Marie, Kurjata, Pawel, Kusuma, Yadlapalli S., Kutsenko, Vladimir, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Kyobutungi, Catherine, La, Quang Ngoc, Laamiri, Fatima Zahra, Lachat, Carl, Lackner, Karl J., Laid, Youcef, Lall, Lachmie, Lam, Tai Hing, Jimenez, Maritza Landaeta, Landais, Edwige, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Larijani, Bagher, Larissa, Simo Pone, Latt, Tint Swe, Laurenzi, Martino, Lauria, Laura, Lazo-Porras, Maria, Le Coroller, Gwenaëlle, Le Nguyen Bao, Khanh, Le Port, Agnès, Le, Tuyen D., Lee, Jeannette, Lee, Jeonghee, Lee, Paul H., Lehmann, Nils, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lemogoum, Daniel, Leskošek, Branimir, Leszczak, Justyna, Leth-Møller, Katja B., Leung, Gabriel M., Levitt, Naomi S., Li, Yanping, Liivak, Merike, Lilly, Christa L., Lim, Charlie, Lim, Wei-Yen, Lima-Costa, M. Fernanda, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Lin, Xu, Lin, Yi-Ting, Lind, Lars, Lingam, Vijaya, Linkohr, Birgit, Linneberg, Allan, Lissner, Lauren, Litwin, Mieczyslaw, Liu, Jing, Liu, Lijuan, Lo, Wei-Cheng, Loit, Helle-Mai, Long, Khuong Quynh, Abril, Guadalupe Longo, Lopes, Luis, Lopes, Marcus V. V., Lopes, Oscar, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, Lopez, Tania, Lotufo, Paulo A., Lozano, José Eugenio, Lukrafka, Janice L., Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lunet, Nuno, Lunogelo, Charles, Lustigová, Michala, Łuszczki, Edyta, M’Buyamba-Kabangu, Jean-René, Ma, Guansheng, Ma, Xu, Machado-Coelho, George L. L., Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M., Macia, Enguerran, Macieira, Luisa M., Madar, Ahmed A., Madsen, Anja L., Maestre, Gladys E., Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J., Magnacca, Sara, Magriplis, Emmanuella, Mahasampath, Gowri, Maire, Bernard, Majer, Marjeta, Makdisse, Marcia, Mäki, Päivi, Malekzadeh, Fatemeh, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rahul, Rao, Kodavanti Mallikharjuna, Malyutina, Sofia K., Maniego, Lynell V., Manios, Yannis, Manix, Masimango Imani, Mann, Jim I., Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz, Manyanga, Taru, Manzato, Enzo, Marcil, Anie, Margozzini, Paula, Mariño, Joany, Markaki, Anastasia, Markey, Oonagh, Ioannidou, Eliza Markidou, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Marques, Larissa Pruner, Marrugat, Jaume, Martin-Prevel, Yves, Martin, Rosemarie, Martorell, Reynaldo, Martos, Eva, Maruszczak, Katharina, Marventano, Stefano, Masala, Giovanna, Mascarenhas, Luis P., Masoodi, Shariq R., Mathiesen, Ellisiv B., Mathur, Prashant, Matijasevich, Alicia, Matłosz, Piotr, Matsha, Tandi E., Matsudo, Victor, Mavrogianni, Christina, Mazur, Artur, Mbanya, Jean Claude N., McFarlane, Shelly R., McGarvey, Stephen T., McKee, Martin, McLachlan, Stela, McLean, Rachael M., McLean, Scott B., McNairy, Margaret L., McNulty, Breige A., Benchekor, Sounnia Mediene, Medzioniene, Jurate, Mehdipour, Parinaz, Mehlig, Kirsten, Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang, Meirhaeghe, Aline, Meisfjord, Jørgen, Meisinger, Christa, Melgarejo, Jesus D., Melkumova, Marina, Mello, João, Méndez, Fabián, Mendivil, Carlos O., Menezes, Ana Maria B., Menon, Geetha R., Mensink, Gert B. M., Menzano, Maria Teresa, Meshram, Indrapal I., Meto, Diane T., Mi, Jie, Michaelsen, Kim F., Michels, Nathalie, Mikkel, Kairit, Miłkowska, Karolina, Miller, Jody C., Milushkina, Olga, Minderico, Cláudia S., Mini, G. K., Miquel, Juan Francisco, Miranda, J. Jaime, Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza, Mirkopoulou, Daphne, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Mišigoj-Duraković, Marjeta, Mistretta, Antonio, Mocanu, Veronica, Modesti, Pietro A., Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamed, Mostafa K., Mohamed, Shukri F., Mohammad, Kazem, Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza, Mohammadi, Zahra, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Mohammadpourhodki, Reza, Mohan, Viswanathan, Mohanna, Salim, Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd, Mohebbi, Iraj, Mohebi, Farnam, Moitry, Marie, Møllehave, Line T., Møller, Niels C., Molnár, Dénes, Momenan, Amirabbas, Mondo, Charles K., Montenegro Mendoza, Roger A., Monterrubio-Flores, Eric, Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K., Moon, Jin Soo, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Mopa, Hermine T., Moradpour, Farhad, Moreira, Leila B., Morejon, Alain, Moreno, Luis A., Morey, Francis, Morgan, Karen, Morin, Suzanne N., Mortensen, Erik Lykke, Moschonis, George, Moslem, Alireza, Mossakowska, Malgorzata, Mostafa, Aya, Mostafavi, Seyed-Ali, Mota-Pinto, Anabela, Mota, Jorge, Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel, Motta, Jorge, Moura-dos-Santos, Marcos André, Movsesyan, Yeva, Msyamboza, Kelias P., Mu, Thet Thet, Muc, Magdalena, Muca, Florian, Mugoša, Boban, Muiesan, Maria L., Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Münzel, Thomas, Mursu, Jaakko, Murtagh, Elaine M., Musa, Kamarul Imran, Milanović, Sanja Musić, Musil, Vera, Musinguzi, Geofrey, Muyer, Muel Telo M. C., Nabipour, Iraj, Naderimagham, Shohreh, Nagel, Gabriele, Najafi, Farid, Nakamura, Harunobu, Nalecz, Hanna, Námešná, Jana, Nang, Ei Ei K., Nangia, Vinay B., Nankap, Martin, Narake, Sameer, Nardone, Paola, Naseri, Take, Nauck, Matthias, Neal, William A., Nejatizadeh, Azim, Nekkantti, Chandini, Nelis, Keiu, Nenko, Ilona, Neovius, Martin, Nervi, Flavio, Ng, Tze Pin, Nguyen, Chung T., Nguyen, Nguyen D., Nguyen, Quang Ngoc, Ni, Michael Y., Nicolescu, Rodica, Nie, Peng, Nieto-Martínez, Ramfis E., Nikitin, Yury P., Ning, Guang, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Nishi, Nobuo, Nishtar, Sania, Noale, Marianna, Noboa, Oscar A., Nogueira, Helena, Nordendahl, Maria, Nordestgaard, Børge G., Noto, Davide, Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia, Nsour, Mohannad Al, Nuhoğlu, Irfan, Nunes, Baltazar, Nurk, Eha, Nuwaha, Fred, Nyirenda, Moffat, O’Neill, Terence W., O’Reilly, Dermot, Obreja, Galina, Ochimana, Caleb, Ochoa-Avilés, Angélica M., Oda, Eiji, Odili, Augustine N., Oh, Kyungwon, Ohara, Kumiko, Ohlsson, Claes, Ohtsuka, Ryutaro, Olafsson, Örn, Olinto, Maria Teresa A., Oliveira, Isabel O., Omar, Mohd Azahadi, Omar, Saeed M., Onat, Altan, Ong, Sok King, Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Ono, Lariane M., Ordunez, Pedro, Ornelas, Rui, Ortiz, Ana P., Ortiz, Pedro J., Osler, Merete, Osmond, Clive, Ostojic, Sergej M., Ostovar, Afshin, Otero, Johanna A., Overvad, Kim, Owusu-Dabo, Ellis, Paccaud, Fred Michel, Pagkalos, Ioannis, Pahomova, Elena, de Paiva, Karina Mary, Pająk, Andrzej, Palloni, Alberto, Palmieri, Luigi, Pan, Wen-Harn, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandey, Arvind, Panza, Francesco, Paoli, Mariela, Papadopoulou, Sousana K., Papandreou, Dimitrios, Pareja, Rossina G., Park, Soon-Woo, Park, Suyeon, Parnell, Winsome R., Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Pascanu, Ionela M., Pasquet, Patrick, Patel, Nikhil D., Pattussi, Marcos, Pavlyshyn, Halyna, Pechlaner, Raimund, Pećin, Ivan, Pednekar, Mangesh S., Pedro, João M., Peer, Nasheeta, Peixoto, Sergio Viana, Peltonen, Markku, Pereira, Alexandre C., Peres, Marco A., Pérez, Cynthia M., Peterkova, Valentina, Peters, Annette, Petersmann, Astrid, Petkeviciene, Janina, Petrauskiene, Ausra, Kovtun, Olga Petrovna, Pettenuzzo, Emanuela, Peykari, Niloofar, Pfeiffer, Norbert, Phall, Modou Cheyassin, Pham, Son Thai, Pichardo, Rafael N., Pierannunzio, Daniela, Pigeot, Iris, Pikhart, Hynek, Pilav, Aida, Pilotto, Lorenza, Pistelli, Francesco, Pitakaka, Freda, Piwonska, Aleksandra, Pizarro, Andreia N., Plans-Rubió, Pedro, Platonova, Alina G., Poh, Bee Koon, Pohlabeln, Hermann, Polka, Nadija S., Pop, Raluca M., Popovic, Stevo R., Porta, Miquel, Posch, Georg, Poudyal, Anil, Poulimeneas, Dimitrios, Pouraram, Hamed, Pourfarzi, Farhad, Pourshams, Akram, Poustchi, Hossein, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Price, Alison J., Price, Jacqueline F., Prista, Antonio, Providencia, Rui, Puder, Jardena J., Pudule, Iveta, Puiu, Maria, Punab, Margus, Qadir, Muhammed S., Qasrawi, Radwan F., Qorbani, Mostafa, Quintana, Hedley K., Quiroga-Padilla, Pedro J., Bao, Tran Quoc, Rach, Stefan, Radic, Ivana, Radisauskas, Ricardas, Rahimikazerooni, Salar, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mahmudur, Raitakari, Olli, Raj, Manu, Rajabov, Tamerlan, Rakhmatulloev, Sherali, Rakovac, Ivo, Rao, Sudha Ramachandra, Ramachandran, Ambady, Ramadan, Otim P. C., Ramires, Virgílio V., Ramke, Jacqueline, Ramos, Elisabete, Ramos, Rafel, Rampal, Lekhraj, Rampal, Sanjay, Rangelova, Lalka S., Rarra, Vayia, Rascon-Pacheco, Ramon A., Rech, Cassiano Ricardo, Redon, Josep, Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M., Regecová, Valéria, Renner, Jane D. P., Repasy, Judit A., Reuter, Cézane P., Revilla, Luis, Rezaianzadeh, Abbas, Rho, Yeunsook, Ribas-Barba, Lourdes, Ribeiro, Robespierre, Riboli, Elio, Richter, Adrian, Rigo, Fernando, Rigotti, Attilio, Rinaldo, Natascia, Rinke de Wit, Tobias F., Rito, Ana I., Ritti-Dias, Raphael M., Rivera, Juan A., Roa, Reina G., Robinson, Louise, Robitaille, Cynthia, Roccaldo, Romana, Rodrigues, Daniela, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, María, Rodríguez-Villamizar, Laura A., Rodríguez, Andrea Y., Roggenbuck, Ulla, Rohloff, Peter, Rohner, Fabian, Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba, Rojroongwasinkul, Nipa, Romaguera, Dora, Romeo, Elisabetta L., Rosario, Rafaela V., Rosengren, Annika, Rouse, Ian, Rouzier, Vanessa, Roy, Joel G. R., Ruano, Maira H., Rubinstein, Adolfo, Rühli, Frank J., Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard, Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca Sandra, Ruiz-Castell, Maria, Moreno, Emma Ruiz, Rusakova, Iuliia A., Jonsson, Kenisha Russell, Russo, Paola, Rust, Petra, Rutkowski, Marcin, Saamel, Marge, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Sabbaghi, Hamideh, Sacchini, Elena, Sachdev, Harshpal S., Sadjadi, Alireza, Safarpour, Ali Reza, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Saghi, Mohammad Hossien, Saidi, Olfa, Saki, Nader, Šalaj, Sanja, Salanave, Benoit, Martinez, Eduardo Salazar, Saleva, Calogero, Salmerón, Diego, Salomaa, Veikko, Salonen, Jukka T., Salvetti, Massimo, Samoutian, Margarita, Sánchez-Abanto, Jose, Rodríguez, Inés Sánchez, Sandjaja, [missing], Sans, Susana, Marina, Loreto Santa, Santacruz, Ethel, Santos, Diana A., Santos, Ina S., Santos, Lèlita C., Santos, Maria Paula, Santos, Osvaldo, Santos, Rute, Santos, Tamara R., Saramies, Jouko L., Sardinha, Luis B., Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Savva, Savvas, Savy, Mathilde, Sawada, Norie, Sbaraini, Mariana, Scazufca, Marcia, Schaan, Beatriz D., Rosario, Angelika Schaffrath, Schargrodsky, Herman, Schienkiewitz, Anja, Schindler, Karin, Schipf, Sabine, Schmidt, Carsten O., Schmidt, Ida Maria, Schneider, Andrea, Schnohr, Peter, Schöttker, Ben, Schramm, Sara, Schramm, Stine, Schröder, Helmut, Schultsz, Constance, Schulze, Matthias B., Schutte, Aletta E., Sebert, Sylvain, Sedaghattalab, Moslem, Selamat, Rusidah, Sember, Vedrana, Sen, Abhijit, Senbanjo, Idowu O., Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Sequera, Guillermo, Serra-Majem, Luis, Servais, Jennifer, Ševčíková, Ľudmila, Shalnova, Svetlana, Shamah-Levy, Teresa, Shamshirgaran, Seyed Morteza, Shanthirani, Coimbatore Subramaniam, Sharafkhah, Maryam, Sharma, Sanjib K., Shaw, Jonathan E., Shayanrad, Amaneh, Shayesteh, Ali Akbar, Shengelia, Lela, Shi, Zumin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana, Shimony, Tal, Shiri, Rahman, Shrestha, Namuna, Si-Ramlee, Khairil, Siani, Alfonso, Siantar, Rosalynn, Sibai, Abla M., Sidossis, Labros S., Silitrari, Natalia, Silva, Antonio M., de Moura Silva, Caroline Ramos, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, Kelly S., Sim, Xueling, Simon, Mary, Simons, Judith, Simons, Leon A., Sjöberg, Agneta, Sjöström, Michael, Skoblina, Natalia A., Skodje, Gry, Slazhnyova, Tatyana, Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta, Slusarczyk, Przemysław, Smeeth, Liam, So, Hung-Kwan, Soares, Fernanda Cunha, Sobek, Grzegorz, Sobngwi, Eugène, Sodemann, Morten, Söderberg, Stefan, Soekatri, Moesijanti Y. E., Soemantri, Agustinus, Sofat, Reecha, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Somi, Mohammad Hossein, Sonestedt, Emily, Song, Yi, Soofi, Sajid, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Sørgjerd, Elin P., Jérome, Charles Sossa, Soto-Rojas, Victoria E., Soumaré, Aïcha, Sousa-Poza, Alfonso, Sovic, Slavica, Sparboe-Nilsen, Bente, Sparrenberger, Karen, Spencer, Phoebe R., Spinelli, Angela, Spiroski, Igor, Staessen, Jan A., Stamm, Hanspeter, Staub, Kaspar, Stavreski, Bill, Steene-Johannessen, Jostein, Stehle, Peter, Stein, Aryeh D., Stergiou, George S., Stessman, Jochanan, Stevanović, Ranko, Stieber, Jutta, Stöckl, Doris, Stokwiszewski, Jakub, Stoyanova, Ekaterina, Stratton, Gareth, Stronks, Karien, Strufaldi, Maria Wany, Sturua, Lela, Suárez-Medina, Ramón, Suka, Machi, Sun, Chien-An, Sun, Liang, Sundström, Johan, Sung, Yn-Tz, Sunyer, Jordi, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Sweis, Nabil William G., Swinburn, Boyd A., Sy, Rody G., Sylva, René Charles, Szklo, Moyses, Szponar, Lucjan, Tabone, Lorraine, Tai, E. Shyong, Tambalis, Konstantinos D., Tammesoo, Mari-Liis, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Tan, Eng Joo, Tang, Xun, Tanrygulyyeva, Maya, Tanser, Frank, Tao, Yong, Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul, Tarp, Jakob, Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B., Braunerová, Radka Taxová, Taylor, Anne, Taylor, Julie, Tchibindat, Félicité, Te Velde, Saskia, Tebar, William R., Tell, Grethe S., Tello, Tania, Tham, Yih Chung, Thankappan, K. R., Theobald, Holger, Theodoridis, Xenophon, Thomas, Nihal, Thorand, Barbara, Thuesen, Betina H., Tichá, Ľubica, Timmermans, Erik J., Tjandrarini, Dwi H., Tjonneland, Anne, Tolonen, Hanna K., Tolstrup, Janne S., Topbas, Murat, Topór-Mądry, Roman, Torheim, Liv Elin, Tormo, María José, Tornaritis, Michael J., Torrent, Maties, Torres-Collado, Laura, Toselli, Stefania, Touloumi, Giota, Traissac, Pierre, Tran, Thi Tuyet-Hanh, Tremblay, Mark S., Triantafyllou, Areti, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Trinh, Oanh T. H., Trivedi, Atul, Tsao, Yu-Hsiang, Tshepo, Lechaba, Tsigga, Maria, Tsintavis, Panagiotis, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Tuitele, John, Tuliakova, Azaliia M., Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K., Tullu, Fikru, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Turley, Maria L., Twig, Gilad, Tynelius, Per, Tzala, Evangelia, Tzotzas, Themistoklis, Tzourio, Christophe, Ueda, Peter, Ugel, Eunice, Ukoli, Flora A. M., Ulmer, Hanno, Unal, Belgin, Usupova, Zhamyila, Uusitalo, Hannu M. T., Uysal, Nalan, Vaitkeviciute, Justina, Valdivia, Gonzalo, Vale, Susana, Valvi, Damaskini, van Dam, Rob M., van den Born, Bert-Jan, Van der Heyden, Johan, van der Schouw, Yvonne T., Van Herck, Koen, Van Lippevelde, Wendy, Van Minh, Hoang, Van Schoor, Natasja M., van Valkengoed, Irene G. M., Vanderschueren, Dirk, Vanuzzo, Diego, Varbo, Anette, Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio, Vargas, Luz Nayibe, Varona-Pérez, Patricia, Vasan, Senthil K., Vasques, Daniel G., Vega, Tomas, Veidebaum, Toomas, Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo, Velika, Biruta, Verloigne, Maïté, Veronesi, Giovanni, Verschuren, W. M. Monique, Victora, Cesar G., Viegi, Giovanni, Viet, Lucie, Vik, Frøydis N., Vilar, Monica, Villalpando, Salvador, Vioque, Jesus, Virtanen, Jyrki K., Visvikis-Siest, Sophie, Viswanathan, Bharathi, Vladulescu, Mihaela, Vlasoff, Tiina, Vocanec, Dorja, Vollenweider, Peter, Völzke, Henry, Voutilainen, Ari, Vrijheid, Martine, Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M., Wade, Alisha N., Waldhör, Thomas, Walton, Janette, Wambiya, Elvis O. A., Bebakar, Wan Mohamad Wan, Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan, de Souza Wanderley Júnior, Rildo, Wang, Ming-Dong, Wang, Ningli, Wang, Qian, Wang, Xiangjun, Wang, Ya Xing, Wang, Ying-Wei, Wannamethee, S. Goya, Wareham, Nicholas, Weber, Adelheid, Webster-Kerr, Karen, Wedderkopp, Niels, Weghuber, Daniel, Wei, Wenbin, Weres, Aneta, Werner, Bo, Westbury, Leo D., Whincup, Peter H., Wickramasinghe, Kremlin, Widhalm, Kurt, Widyahening, Indah S., Więcek, Andrzej, Wild, Philipp S., Wilks, Rainford J., Willeit, Johann, Willeit, Peter, Williams, Julianne, Wilsgaard, Tom, Wojciech, Rusek, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wolf, Kathrin, Wong-McClure, Roy A., Wong, Andrew, Wong, Emily B., Wong, Jyh Eiin, Wong, Tien Yin, Woo, Jean, Woodward, Mark, Wu, Frederick C., Wu, Hon-Yen, Wu, Jianfeng, Wu, Li Juan, Wu, Shouling, Wyszyńska, Justyna, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yaacob, Nor Azwany, Yamborisut, Uruwan, Yan, Weili, Yang, Ling, Yang, Xiaoguang, Yang, Yang, Yardim, Nazan, Yasuharu, Tabara, García, Martha Yépez, Yiallouros, Panayiotis K., Yngve, Agneta, Yoosefi, Moein, Yoshihara, Akihiro, You, Qi Sheng, You, San-Lin, Younger-Coleman, Novie O., Yu, Yu-Ling, Yu, Yunjiang, Yusof, Safiah Md, Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi, Zaccagni, Luciana, Zafiropulos, Vassilis, Zainuddin, Ahmad A., Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul, Zamani, Farhad, Zambon, Sabina, Zampelas, Antonis, Zamrazilová, Hana, Zapata, Maria Elisa, Zargar, Abdul Hamid, Zaw, Ko Ko, Zayed, Ayman A., Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Żegleń, Magdalena, Zejglicova, Kristyna, Vrkic, Tajana Zeljkovic, Zeng, Yi, Zhang, Luxia, Zhang, Zhen-Yu, Zhao, Dong, Zhao, Ming-Hui, Zhao, Wenhua, Zhecheva, Yanitsa V., Zhen, Shiqi, Zheng, Wei, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zholdin, Bekbolat, Zhou, Maigeng, Zhu, Dan, Zins, Marie, Zitt, Emanuel, Zocalo, Yanina, Zoghlami, Nada, Cisneros, Julio Zuñiga, Zuziak, Monika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Black, Robert E., and Ezzati, Majid

Subjects
Developing world, Public health, Multidisciplinary, Science General, Paediatric research, Nutrition
Abstract

Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was

Published
2023

33. Health in times of uncertainty in the eastern Mediterranean region, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Author

Mokdad, Ali H, Forouzanfar, Mohammad Hossein, Daoud, Farah, El Bcheraoui, Charbel, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Khalil, Ibrahim, Afshin, Ashkan, Tuffaha, Marwa, Charara, Raghid, Barber, Ryan M, Wagner, Joseph, Cercy, Kelly, Kravitz, Hannah, Coates, Matthew M, Robinson, Margaret, Estep, Kara, Steiner, Caitlyn, Jaber, Sara, Mokdad, Ali A, O'Rourke, Kevin F, Chew, Adrienne, Kim, Pauline, El Razek, Mohamed Magdy Abd, Abdalla, Safa, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abraham, Jerry P, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M E, Al-Nehmi, Abdulwahab A, Akanda, Ali S, Al Ahmadi, Hanan, Al Khabouri, Mazin J, Al Lami, Faris H, Al Rayess, Zulfa A, Alasfoor, Deena, AlBuhairan, Fadia S, Aldhahri, Saleh F, Alghnam, Suliman, Alhabib, Samia, Al-Hamad, Nawal, Ali, Raghib, Ali, Syed Danish, Alkhateeb, Mohammad, AlMazroa, Mohammad A, Alomari, Mahmoud A, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Al-Sheyab, Nihaya, Alsowaidi, Shirina, Al-Thani, Mohamed, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Heresh, Ammar, Walid, Anwari, Palwasha, Asayesh, Hamid, Asghar, Rana, Assabri, Ali M, Assadi, Reza, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Bakfalouni, Talal, Basulaiman, Mohammed O, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Bedi, Neeraj, Bhakta, Amit R, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bin Abdulhak, Aref A, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert R A, Danawi, Hadi, Das, Jai, Deribew, Amare, Ding, Eric L, Durrani, Adnan M, Elshrek, Yousef, Ibrahim, Mohamed E, Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Faghmous, Imad A D, Farzadfar, Farshad, Feigl, Andrea B, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Gankpé, Fortuné G, Ginawi, Ibrahim, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Gupta, Rahul, Habash, Rami M, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hamdouni, Hayet, Hamidi, Samer, Harb, Hilda L, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Heydarpour, Pouria, Hsairi, Mohamed, Husseini, Abdullatif, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jha, Vivekanand, Jonas, Jost B, Karam, Nadim E, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Nega Assefa, Kaul, Anil, Khader, Yousef, Khalifa, Shams Eldin A, Khan, Ejaz A, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khoja, Tawfik, Khosravi, Ardeshir, Kinfu, Yohannes, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Balaji, Arjun Lakshmana, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mansourian, Morteza, Marcenes, Wagner, Farid, Habibolah Masoudi, Mehari, Alem, Mehio-Sibai, Abla, Memish, Ziad A, Mensah, George A, Mohammad, Karzan A, Nahas, Ziad, Nasher, Jamal T, Nawaz, Haseeb, Nejjari, Chakib, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Omer, Saad B, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Peprah, Emmanuel K, Pervaiz, Aslam, Pourmalek, Farshad, Qato, Dima M, Qorbani, Mostafa, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Sajjad Ur, Rai, Rajesh K, Rana, Saleem M, Rao, Sowmya R, Refaat, Amany H, Resnikoff, Serge, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Saade, Georges, Saeedi, Mohammad Y, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Saleh, Shadi, Sanchez-Riera, Lidia, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Setegn, Tesfaye, Shaheen, Amira, Shahraz, Saeid, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shishani, Kawkab, Sliwa, Karen, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Terkawi, Abdullah S, Uthman, Olalekan A, Westerman, Ronny, Younis, Mustafa Z, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Zannad, Faiez, Roth, Gregory A, Wang, Haidong, Naghavi, Mohsen, Vos, Theo, Al Rabeeah, Abdullah A, Lopez, Alan D, and Murray, Christopher J L

Published
2016
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35. The burden of headache disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990-2016: findings from the Global Burden of Disease study 2016

Author

Vosoughi, Kia, Stovner, Lars Jacob, Steiner, Timothy J., Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Farzadfar, Farshad, Heydarpour, Pouria, Malekzadeh, Reza, Naghavi, Mohsen, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Majdzadeh, Reza, Feigin, Valery L., Vos, Theo, Mokdad, Ali H., and Murray, Christopher J. L.

Published
2019
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38. a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Tran, Khanh Bao, Lang, Justin J, Compton, Kelly, Xu, Rixing, Acheson, Alistair R, Henrikson, Hannah Jacqueline, Kocarnik, Jonathan M, Penberthy, Louise, Aali, Amirali, Abbas, Qamar, Abbasi, Behzad, Abbasi-kangevari, Mohsen, Abbasi-kangevari, Zeinab, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-elsalam, Sherief, Abdelwahab, Ahmed Abdelwahab, Abdoli, Gholamreza, Abdulkadir, Hanan Abdulkadir, Abedi, Aidin, Abegaz, Kedir Hussein, Abidi, Hassan, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Absalan, Abdorrahim, Abtew, Yonas Derso, Abubaker Ali, Hiwa, Abu-gharbieh, Eman, Achappa, Basavaprabhu, Acuna, Juan Manuel, Addison, Daniel, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adegboye, Oyelola A, Adesina, Miracle Ayomikun, Adnan, Mohammad, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Advani, Shailesh M, Afrin, Sumia, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Aggarwal, Manik, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Araz Ramazan, Ahmad, Rizwan, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Sohail, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, Aiman, Wajeeha, Ajami, Marjan, Akalu, Gizachew Taddesse, Akbarzadeh-khiavi, Mostafa, Aklilu, Addis, Akonde, Maxwell, Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alahdab, Fares, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Alessy, Saleh Ali, Algammal, Abdelazeem M, Al-hanawi, Mohammed Khaled, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Syed Shujait, Alimohamadi, Yousef, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alkhayyat, Motasem, Al-maweri, Sadeq Ali Ali, Almustanyir, Sami, Alonso, Nivaldo, Alqalyoobi, Shehabaldin, Al-raddadi, Rajaa M, Al-rifai, Rami H Hani, Al-sabah, Salman Khalifah, Al-tammemi, Ala'a B, Altawalah, Haya, Alvis-guzman, Nelson, Amare, Firehiwot, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Aminian Dehkordi, Javad Javad, Amirzade-iranaq, Mohammad Hosein, Amu, Hubert, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderson, Jason A, Animut, Yaregal Animut, Anoushiravani, Amir, Anoushirvani, Ali Arash, Ansari-moghaddam, Alireza, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Antony, Benny, 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Omid, Shah, Pritik A, Shahabi, Saeed, Shahid, Izza, Shahrbaf, Mohammad Amin, Shahsavari, Hamid R, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shaka, Mohammed Feyisso, Shaker, Elaheh, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharew, Mequannent Melaku Sharew, Sharifi, Azam, Sharifi-rad, Javad, Sharma, Purva, Shashamo, Bereket Beyene, Sheikh, Aziz, Sheikh, Mahdi, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, Sheikhy, Ali, Shepherd, Peter Robin, Shetty, Adithi, Shetty, Jeevan K, Shetty, Ranjitha S, Shibuya, Kenji, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shirzad-aski, Hesamaddin, Shivakumar, K M, Shivalli, Siddharudha, Shivarov, Velizar, Shobeiri, Parnian, Shokri Varniab, Zahra, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Shrestha, Sunil, Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen, Siddappa Malleshappa, Sudeep K, Sidemo, Negussie Boti, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues, Silva Julian, Guilherme, Silvestris, Nicola, Simegn, Wudneh, Singh, Achintya Dinesh, Singh, Ambrish, Singh, Garima, Singh, Harpreet, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Jitendra Kumar, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Sinke, Abiy H, Siraj, Md Shahjahan, Sitas, Freddy, Siwal, Samarjeet Singh, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Socea, Bogdan, Soeberg, Matthew J, Sofi-mahmudi, Ahmad, Solomon, Yonatan, Soltani-zangbar, Mohammad Sadegh, Song, Suhang, Song, Yimeng, Sorensen, Reed J D, Soshnikov, Sergey, Sotoudeh, Houman, Sowe, Alieu, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Suk, Ryan, Suleman, Muhammad, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan, Sultana, Saima, Sur, Daniel, Szócska, Miklós, Tabaeian, Seidamir Pasha, Tabarés-seisdedos, Rafael, Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mohammad, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tadbiri, Hooman, Taheri, Ensiyeh, Taheri, Majid, Taheri Soodejani, Moslem, Takahashi, Ken, Talaat, Iman M, Tampa, Mircea, Tan, Ker-kan, Tat, Nathan Y, Tat, Vivian Y, Tavakoli, Ahmad, Tavakoli, Arash, Tehrani-banihashemi, Arash, Tekalegn, Yohannes, Tesfay, Fisaha Haile, Thapar, Rekha, Thavamani, Aravind, Thoguluva Chandrasekar, Viveksandeep, Thomas, Nihal, Thomas, Nikhil Kenny, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tiyuri, Amir, Tollosa, Daniel Nigusse, Topor-madry, Roman, Touvier, Mathilde, Tovani-palone, Marcos Roberto, Traini, Eugenio, Tran, Mai Thi Ngoc, Tripathy, Jaya Prasad, Ukke, Gebresilasea Gendisha, Ullah, Irfan, Ullah, Saif, Ullah, Sana, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Vacante, Marco, Vaezi, Maryam, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Vardavas, Constantine, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vaziri, Siavash, Velazquez, Diana Zuleika, Veroux, Massimiliano, Villeneuve, Paul J, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Bay, Vu, Linh Gia, Wadood, Abdul Wadood, Waheed, Yasir, Walde, Mandaras Tariku, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Cong, Wang, Fang, Wang, Ning, Wang, Yu, Ward, Paul, Waris, Abdul, Westerman, Ronny, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Woldemariam, Melat, Woldu, Berhanu, Xiao, Hong, Xu, Suowen, Xu, Xiaoyue, Yadav, Lalit, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yang, Lin, Yazdanpanah, Fereshteh, Yeshaw, Yigizie, Yismaw, Yazachew, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yousefi, Zabihollah, Yousefian, Fatemeh, Yu, Chuanhua, Yu, Yong, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zahir, Mazyar, Zaki, Nazar, Zaman, Burhan Abdullah, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zare, Fariba, Zare, Iman, Zareshahrabadi, Zahra, Zarrintan, Armin, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zeineddine, Mohammad A, Zhang, Dongyu, Zhang, Jianrong, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhang, Zhi-jiang, Zhou, Linghui, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zoladl, Mohammad, Vos, Theo, Hay, Simon I, Force, Lisa M, Murray, Christopher J L, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM), and DCM - Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais

Subjects
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Abstract

Funding: J A Loureiro reports support for the present manuscript from Scientific Employment Stimulus (FCT; CEECINST/00049/2018) as support to their salary and from UIDB/00511/2020 of the LEPABE, funded by national funds through the FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) as research support. BACKGROUND: Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. METHODS: The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. FINDINGS: Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4·45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4·01-4·94) deaths and 105 million (95·0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44·4% (41·3-48·4) of all cancer deaths and 42·0% (39·1-45·6) of all DALYs. There were 2·88 million (2·60-3·18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50·6% [47·8-54·1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1·58 million (1·36-1·84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36·3% [32·5-41·3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20·4% (12·6-28·4) and DALYs by 16·8% (8·8-25·0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34·7% [27·9-42·8] and 33·3% [25·8-42·0]). INTERPRETATION: The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. publishersversion published

Published
2022

39. Household Fuel Use and the Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers: The Golestan Cohort Study

Author

Sheikh, Mahdi, Poustchi, Hossein, Pourshams, Akram, Khoshnia, Masoud, Gharavi, Abdolsamad, Zahedi, Mahdi, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Fazel, Abdolreza, Hashemian, Maryam, Abaei, Behrooz, Sotoudeh, Masoud, Nikmanesh, Arash, Merat, Shahin, Etemadi, Arash, Moghaddam, Siavosh Nasseri, Islami, Farhad, Kamangar, Farin, Pharoah, Paul D., Dawsey, Sanford M., Abnet, Christian C., Boffetta, Paolo, Brennan, Paul, and Malekzadeh, Reza

Subjects
Cancer -- Development and progression -- Risk factors, Cancer research -- Health aspects, Heating equipment -- Research -- Health aspects -- Energy use, Natural gas -- Health aspects -- Energy use -- Research, Environmental issues, Health, World Health Organization -- Energy use
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Three billion people burn nonclean fuels for household purposes. Limited evidence suggests a link between household fuel use and gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the relationship between indoor burning of biomass, kerosene, and natural gas with the subsequent risk of GI cancers. METHODS: During the period 2004-2008, a total of 50,045 Iranian individuals 40-75 years of age were recruited to this prospective population-based cohort. Upon enrollment, validated data were collected on demographics, lifestyle, and exposures, including detailed data on lifetime household use of different fuels and stoves. The participants were followed through August 2018 with RESULTS: During the follow-up, 962 participants developed GI cancers. In comparison with using predominantly gas in the recent 20-y period, using predominantly biomass was associated with higher risks of esophageal [hazard ratio (HR): 1.89; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02, 3.50], and gastric HR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.01, 3.31) cancers, whereas using predominantly kerosene was associated with higher risk of esophageal cancer (HR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.10, 3.10). Lifetime duration of biomass burning for both cooking and house heating (exclusive biomass usage) using heating-stoves without chimney was associated with higher risk of GI cancers combined (10-y HR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.21), esophageal (10-y HR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.30), gastric (10-y HR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.23), and colon (10-y HR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.54) cancers. The risks of GI cancers combined, esophageal cancer, and gastric cancer were lower when biomass was burned using chimney-equipped heating-stoves (strata difference p-values = 0.001, 0.003, and 0.094, respectively). Duration of exclusive kerosene burning using heating-stoves without chimney was associated with higher risk of GI cancers combined (10-y HR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.11), and esophageal cancer (10-y HR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.26). DISCUSSION: Household burning of biomass or kerosene, especially without a chimney, was associated with higher risk of some digestive cancers. Using chimney-equipped stoves and replacing these fuels with natural gas may be useful interventions to reduce the burden of GI cancers worldwide. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5907, Introduction An estimated 3 billion people still cook and heat their homes using open fires or leaky stoves fueled by kerosene, biomass, or coal (WHO 2018). Combustion of these fuels [...]

Published
2020
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40. Spatial environmental factors predict cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: Results of the SPACE study

Author

Hadley, Michael B., primary, Nalini, Mahdi, additional, Adhikari, Samrachana, additional, Szymonifka, Jackie, additional, Etemadi, Arash, additional, Kamangar, Farin, additional, Khoshnia, Masoud, additional, McChane, Tyler, additional, Pourshams, Akram, additional, Poustchi, Hossein, additional, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., additional, Abnet, Christian, additional, Freedman, Neal D., additional, Boffetta, Paolo, additional, Malekzadeh, Reza, additional, and Vedanthan, Rajesh, additional

Published
2022
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42. Injury burden in individuals aged 50 years or older in the Eastern Mediterranean region, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Al-Hajj, Samar, primary, Farran, Sarah H, additional, Sibai, Abla Mehio, additional, Hamadeh, Randah R, additional, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, additional, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, additional, Sadeghian, Farideh, additional, Ghodsi, Zahra, additional, Alhajyaseen, Wael, additional, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, additional, Abbasi, Behzad, additional, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, additional, Abdoli, Amir, additional, Abdulrahman, Salam Abdulqadir, additional, Abubaker Ali, Hiwa, additional, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, additional, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, additional, Ahadinezhad, Bahman, additional, Ahmad, Sajjad, additional, Ahmadi, Ali, additional, Ahmed, Ali, additional, Ahmed, Haroon, additional, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, additional, Ajami, Marjan, additional, Al Hamad, Hanadi, additional, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, additional, Alanzi, Turki M, additional, Alghnam, Suliman A, additional, Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Naji, additional, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, additional, Ali, Liaqat, additional, Alimohamadi, Yousef, additional, Alinia, Cyrus, additional, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, additional, Almustanyir, Sami, additional, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, additional, Amini, Saeed, additional, Amiri, Sohrab, additional, Amirzade-Iranaq, Mohammad Hosein, additional, Anoushirvani, Ali Arash, additional, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, additional, Anvari, Davood, additional, Aqeel, Muhammad, additional, Arabloo, Jalal, additional, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, additional, Arulappan, Judie, additional, Aryannejad, Armin, additional, Asgary, Saeed, additional, Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad, additional, Ashraf, Tahira, additional, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, additional, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, additional, Azadmanjir, Zahra, additional, Azadnajafabad, Sina, additional, Azangou-Khyavy, Mohammadreza, additional, Azari Jafari, Amirhossein, additional, Azzam, Ahmed Y Y, additional, Bagherieh, Sara, additional, Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein, additional, Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad, additional, Bedi, Neeraj, additional, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, additional, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, additional, Bibi, Sadia, additional, Bijani, Ali, additional, Butt, Nadeem Shafique, additional, Chegini, Zahra, additional, Da'ar, Omar B, additional, Dahlawi, Saad M A, additional, Delavari, Sajad, additional, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, additional, Didehdar, Mojtaba, additional, Djalalinia, Shirin, additional, Doaei, Saeid, additional, Dodangeh, Milad, additional, Eghbalian, Fatemeh, additional, Ehsani-Chimeh, Elham, additional, El Sayed, Iman, additional, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, additional, Elhabashy, Hala Rashad, additional, Elhadi, Muhammed, additional, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, additional, Etemadimanesh, Azin, additional, Ezati Asar, Mohamad, additional, Falahi, Shahab, additional, Farzadfar, Farshad, additional, Fatehizadeh, Ali, additional, Fattahi, Hamed, additional, Foroutan, Masoud, additional, Ghafourifard, Mansour, additional, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, additional, Ghanbari, Reza, additional, Ghanei Gheshlagh, Reza, additional, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, additional, Gholamalizadeh, Maryam, additional, Ghorbani, Alireza, additional, Gilani, Syed Amir, additional, Gohari, Kimiya, additional, Goleij, Pouya, additional, Grivna, Michal, additional, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, additional, Haddadi, Rasool, additional, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, additional, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, additional, Halwani, Rabih, additional, Hameed, Sajid, additional, Hanif, Asif, additional, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, additional, Hassan, Amr, additional, Hassanian-Moghaddam, Hossein, additional, Hassanipour, Soheil, additional, Hassankhani, Hadi, additional, Hayat, Khezar, additional, Heidari, Mohammad, additional, Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar, additional, Hosseini, Mostafa, additional, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, additional, Househ, Mowafa, additional, Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh, additional, Huijer, Huda Abu-Saad, additional, Imani, Behzad, additional, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, additional, Jabbarinejad, Roxana, additional, Jahani, Mohammad Ali, additional, Jalili, Mahsa, additional, Javadi Mamaghani, Amirreza, additional, Jeddi, Seyed Ali, additional, Joukar, Farahnaz, additional, Kabir, Ali, additional, Kalankesh, Laleh R, additional, Kalankesh, Leila R, additional, Kalhor, Rohollah, additional, Kamran, Aziz, additional, Keikavoosi-Arani, Leila, additional, Keykhaei, Mohammad, additional, Khader, Yousef Saleh, additional, Khalilov, Rovshan, additional, Khammarnia, Mohammad, additional, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, additional, Khan, Maseer, additional, Khan, Moien AB, additional, Khanali, Javad, additional, Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza, additional, Khosravizadeh, Omid, additional, Kolahi, Ali-Asghar, additional, Koohestani, Hamid Reza, additional, Koolaji, Sogol, additional, Lami, Faris Hasan, additional, Lasrado, Savita, additional, Madadizadeh, Farzan, additional, Magdy Abd El Razek, Muhammed, additional, Mahdavi, Mahdi, additional, Mahjoub, Soleiman, additional, Mahmoodpoor, Ata, additional, Mahmoudi, Razzagh, additional, Makki, Alaa, additional, Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza, additional, Malekzadeh, Reza, additional, Malih, Narges, additional, Malik, Ahmad Azam, additional, Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz, additional, Mansouri, Borhan, additional, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, additional, Masoumi, Seyedeh Zahra, additional, Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar, additional, Menezes, Ritesh G, additional, Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal, additional, Mirmoeeni, Seyyedmohammadsadeq, additional, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Mohammad, additional, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, additional, Mohammadi, Heidar, additional, Mohammadi, Mokhtar, additional, Mohammadi, Seyyede Momeneh, additional, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, additional, Mohammed, Teroj Abdulrahman, additional, Moludi, Jalal, additional, Momtazmanesh, Sara, additional, Moradi, Maryam, additional, Moradi, Masoud, additional, Moradpour, Farhad, additional, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, additional, Mortazavi, Nazanin, additional, Mortazavi, Seyede Salehe, additional, Najafi, Houshang, additional, Najafpour, Zhila, additional, Natto, Zuhair S, additional, Nazari, Javad, additional, Nouraei, Hasti, additional, Nouri, Fatemeh, additional, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, additional, Omar Bali, Ahmed, additional, Omer, Emad, additional, Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh, additional, Pazoki Toroudi, Hamidreza, additional, Piracha, Zahra Zahid, additional, Pourbagher-Shahri, AliMohammad, additional, Pourtaheri, Naeimeh, additional, Rabiee, Mohammad, additional, Rabiee, Navid, additional, Raeghi, Saber, additional, Rafieemehr, Hassan, additional, Rafiei, Sima, additional, Rahim, Fakher, additional, Rahimi-Dehgolan, Shahram, additional, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, additional, Rahmanian, Vahid, additional, Ramezanzadeh, Kiana, additional, Rao, Chythra R, additional, Rashedi, Vahid, additional, Rashidi, Amirfarzan, additional, Rashidi, Mahsa, additional, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, additional, Rasul, Azad, additional, Rawassizadeh, Reza, additional, Rayegani, Seyed-Mansoor, additional, Rezaei, Nazila, additional, Rezaei, Negar, additional, Rezaei, Saeid, additional, Rezaei, Zahed, additional, Rezaeian, Mohsen, additional, Rezapur-Shahkolai, Forouzan, additional, Rezazadeh-Khadem, Sahba, additional, Saadati, Mohammad, additional, Sabour, Siamak, additional, Saddik, Basema, additional, Saeed, Umar, additional, Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar, additional, Safarpour, Hamid, additional, Safdarian, Mahdi, additional, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, additional, Salamati, Payman, additional, Salem, Marwa Rashad, additional, Samy, Abdallah M, additional, Sanadgol, Nima, additional, Saqib, Muhammad Arif Nadeem, additional, Sarikhani, Yaser, additional, Sarveazad, Arash, additional, Sathian, Brijesh, additional, Sayyah, Mehdi, additional, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, additional, Shahabi, Saeed, additional, Shaikh, Masood Ali, additional, Shaker, Elaheh, additional, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, additional, Sharifian, Sakineh, additional, Shati, Mohsen, additional, Shehata, Hatem Samir, additional, Sheidaei, Ali, additional, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, additional, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, additional, Shobeiri, Parnian, additional, Siabani, Soraya, additional, Sivandzadeh, Gholam Reza, additional, Sofi-Mahmudi, Ahmad, additional, Sohrabi, Ahmad, additional, Tabaeian, Seidamir Pasha, additional, Tabary, Mohammadreza, additional, Tabibian, Elnaz, additional, Taheri, Ensiyeh, additional, Taheri, Majid, additional, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, additional, Tiyuri, Amir, additional, Tohidast, Seyed Abolfazl, additional, Ullah, Saif, additional, Vahedi, Parviz, additional, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, additional, Valizadeh, Rohollah, additional, Varmaghani, Mehdi, additional, Vo, Bay, additional, Waheed, Yasir, additional, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, additional, Yazdanpanah, Fereshteh, additional, Yousefi, Zabihollah, additional, Yusefi, Hossein, additional, Zahirian Moghadam, Telma, additional, Zandian, Hamed, additional, Zare, Iman, additional, Ziapour, Arash, additional, and Mokdad, Ali H, additional

Published
2022
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43. Global, regional and national burden of bladder cancer and its attributable risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2019

Author

Safiri, Saeid, Kolahi, Ali-Asghar, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Sullman, Mark, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Sepidarkish, Mahdi, Ashrafi-Asgarabad, Ahad, Abdoli, Amir, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Advani, Shailesh M., Alahdab, Fares, Alipour, Vahid, Amini, Erfan, Anbesu, Etsay Woldu, Anderson, Jason A., Arabloo, Jalal, Awedew, Atalel Fentahun, Baig, Atif Amin, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bijani, Ali, Biondi, Antonio, Bjørge, Tone, Braithwaite, Dejana, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Carreras, Giulia, Carvalho, Felix, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Compton, Kelly, Costa, Vera Marisa, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Molla, Meseret Derbew, Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, Eftekharzadeh, Sahar, El Sayed, Iman, Eshrati, Babak, Farzadfar, Farshad, Feleke, Berhanu Elfu, Fernandes, Eduarda, Filip, Irina, Fomenkov, Artem Alekseevich, Gallus, Silvano, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Golechha, Mahaveer, Gonfa, Kebebe Bekele, Gorini, Giuseppe, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hamidi, Samer, Harvey, James D., Hassanipour, Soheil, Hay, Simon I., Henrikson, Hannah Jacqueline, Househ, Mowafa, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M., Ilic, Milena D., Joukar, Farahnaz, Kumar, G. Anil, La Vecchia, Carlo, Ladi-Seyedian, Seyedeh-Sanam, Lami, Faris Hasan, Landires, Iván, Li, Bingyu, Lugo, Alessandra, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Moghadaszadeh, Masoud, Mohamad, Osama, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Reza, Mohammadpourhodki, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H., Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, Nabavizadeh, Behnam, Naimzada, Mukhammad David, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nikbakhsh, Rajan, Nowroozi, Mohammad Reza, Nuñez-Samudio, Virginia, Otstavnov, Stanislav S., Pham, Hai Quang, Pirestani, Majid, Pottoo, Faheem Hyder, Rabiee, Navid, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rathi, Priya, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rezaei, Nima, Roberts, Nicholas L.S., Roshandel, Gholamreza, Samy, Abdallah M., Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Sha, Feng, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Malleshappa, Sudeep K. Siddappa, Singh, Jasvinder A., Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Tadesse, Eyayou Girma, Tefera, Yonas Getaye, Tekalegn, Yohannes, Titova, Mariya Vladimirovna, Topor-Madry, Roman, Traini, Eugenio, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Travillian, Ravensara S., Vacante, Marco, Xu, Rixing, Yeshitila, Yordanos Gizachew, Zadnik, Vesna, Zamanian, Maryam, and Zhang, Zhi-Jiang

Subjects
Male, Medicine (General), Sociodemographic Factors, ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION, Population, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Global Burden of Disease Bladder Cancer Collaborators, Global Burden of Disease, R5-920, Risk Factors, Medicine, cancer, Humans, education, METAANALYSIS, VEGETABLES, Bladder cancer, Epidemiology, Global burden, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, Cause of death, Original Research, education.field_of_study, Science & Technology, TEA, FRUIT, business.industry, MORTALITY, Health Policy, Incidence (epidemiology), Mortality rate, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Disability-Adjusted Life Years, ASSOCIATION, medicine.disease, Years of potential life lost, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, Attributable risk, Life expectancy, epidemiology, Female, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Demography
Abstract

IntroductionThe current study determined the level and trends associated with the incidence, death and disability rates for bladder cancer and its attributable risk factors in 204 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2019, by age, sex and sociodemographic index (SDI; a composite measure of sociodemographic factors).MethodsVarious data sources from different countries, including vital registration and cancer registries were used to generate estimates. Mortality data and incidence data transformed to mortality estimates using the mortality to incidence ratio (MIR) were used in a cause of death ensemble model to estimate mortality. Mortality estimates were divided by the MIR to produce incidence estimates. Prevalence was calculated using incidence and MIR-based survival estimates. Age-specific mortality and standardised life expectancy were used to estimate years of life lost (YLLs). Prevalence was multiplied by disability weights to estimate years lived with disability (YLDs), while disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) are the sum of the YLLs and YLDs. All estimates were presented as counts and age-standardised rates per 100 000 population.ResultsGlobally, there were 524 000 bladder cancer incident cases (95% uncertainty interval 476 000 to 569 000) and 229 000 bladder cancer deaths (211 000 to 243 000) in 2019. Age-standardised death rate decreased by 15.7% (8.6 to 21.0), during the period 1990–2019. Bladder cancer accounted for 4.39 million (4.09 to 4.70) DALYs in 2019, and the age-standardised DALY rate decreased significantly by 18.6% (11.2 to 24.3) during the period 1990–2019. In 2019, Monaco had the highest age-standardised incidence rate (31.9 cases (23.3 to 56.9) per 100 000), while Lebanon had the highest age-standardised death rate (10.4 (8.1 to 13.7)). Cabo Verde had the highest increase in age-standardised incidence (284.2% (214.1 to 362.8)) and death rates (190.3% (139.3 to 251.1)) between 1990 and 2019. In 2019, the global age-standardised incidence and death rates were higher among males than females, across all age groups and peaked in the 95+ age group. Globally, 36.8% (28.5 to 44.0) of bladder cancer DALYs were attributable to smoking, more so in males than females (43.7% (34.0 to 51.8) vs 15.2% (10.9 to 19.4)). In addition, 9.1% (1.9 to 19.6) of the DALYs were attributable to elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (males 9.3% (1.6 to 20.9); females 8.4% (1.6 to 19.1)).ConclusionsThere was considerable variation in the burden of bladder cancer between countries during the period 1990–2019. Although there was a clear global decrease in the age-standardised death, and DALY rates, some countries experienced an increase in these rates. National policy makers should learn from these differences, and allocate resources for preventative measures, based on their country-specific estimates. In addition, smoking and elevated FPG play an important role in the burden of bladder cancer and need to be addressed with prevention programmes.

Published
2021

45. Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Reitsma, Marissa B., Kendrick, Parkes J., Ababneh, Emad, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdoli, Amir, Abedi, Aidin, Abhilash, E.S., Abila, Derrick Bary, Aboyans, Victor, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.E., Adebayo, Oladimeji M., Advani, Shailesh M., Aghaali, Mohammad, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Sohail, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmed, Haroon, Aji, Budi, Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alanzi, Turki M., Alhabib, Khalid F., Ali, Liaqat, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, Amini, Saeed, Amu, Hubert, Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderson, Jason A., Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Antony, Benny, Anvari, Davood, Arabloo, Jalal, Arian, Nicholas D., Arora, Monika, Asaad, Malke, Ausloos, Marcel, Awan, Asma Tahir, Ayano, Getinet, Aynalem, Getie Lake, Azari, Samad, B, Darshan B., Badiye, Ashish D., Baig, Atif Amin, Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein, Banach, Maciej, Banik, Palash Chandra, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Basu, Sanjay, Bayati, Mohsen, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Behzadifar, Masoud, Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye, Bennett, Derrick A., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berfield, Kathleen S. Sachiko, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bibi, Sadia, Bijani, Ali, Bintoro, Bagas Suryo, Biondi, Antonio, Birara, Setognal, Braithwaite, Dejana, Brenner, Hermann, Brunoni, Andre R., Burkart, Katrin, Butt, Zahid A., Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J., Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia Sofia, Chang, Jung-Chen, Chen, Simiao, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Cirillo, Massimo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Couto, Rosa A.S., Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Damasceno, Albertino Antonio Moura, Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz, Darega Gela, Jiregna, Davletov, Kairat, Derbew Molla, Meseret, Dessie, Getenet Ayalew, Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Diaz, Daniel, Do, Hoa Thi, Douiri, Abdel, Duncan, Bruce B., Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Eagan, Arielle Wilder, Ebrahimi Kalan, Mohammad, Edvardsson, Kristina, Elbarazi, Iffat, El Tantawi, Maha, Esmaeilnejad, Saman, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Faraon, Emerito Jose A., Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá, Farwati, Medhat, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, Feigin, Valery L., Feldman, Rachel, Fernandez Prendes, Carlota, Ferrara, Pietro, Filip, Irina, Filippidis, Filippos, Fischer, Florian, Flor, Luisa Sorio, Foigt, Nataliya A., Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Foroutan, Masoud, Gad, Mohamed M., Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gallus, Silvano, Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghajar, Alireza, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Giampaoli, Simona, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Glozah, Franklin N., Gnedovskaya, Elena V., Golechha, Mahaveer, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goudarzi, Houman, Goulart, Alessandra C., Greaves, Felix, Guha, Avirup, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Rajat Das, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tarun, Gupta, Vin, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haider, Mohammad Rifat, Hamadeh, Randah R., Hankey, Graeme J., Hargono, Arief, Hartono, Risky Kusuma, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hay, Simon I., Heidari, Golnaz, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hezam, Kamal, Hird, Thomas R., Hole, Michael K., Holla, Ramesh, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Sorin, Househ, Mowafa, Hsiao, Thomas, Huang, Junjie, Iannucci, Vincent C., Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Idrisov, Bulat, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M., Ilic, Milena D., Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Jessica Y., Islam, Rakibul M., Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islami, Farhad, Iso, Hiroyasu, Itumalla, Ramaiah, Iwagami, Masao, Jaafari, Jalil, Jain, Vardhmaan, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jang, Sung-In, Janjani, Hosna, Jayaram, Shubha, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B., Joo, Tamas, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Kalankesh, Leila R., Kanchan, Tanuj, Kandel, Himal, Kapoor, Neeti, Karimi, Salah Eddin, Katikireddi, rinivasa Vittal, Kebede, Hafte Kahsay, Kelkay, Bayew, Kennedy, Ryan David, Khoja, Abdullah T., Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Gyu Ri, Kim, Young-Eun, Kimokoti, Ruth W., Kivimäki, Mika, Kosen, Soewarta, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Kugbey, Nuworza, Kumar, G. Anil, Kumar, Nithin, Kurmi, Om P., Kusuma, Dian, Lacey, Ben, Lam, Jennifer O., Landires, Iván, Lasrado, Savita, Lauriola, Paolo, Lee, Doo Woong, Lee, Yo Han, Leung, Janni, Li, Shanshan, Lin, Hualiang, Linn, Shai, Liu, Wei, Lopez, Alan D., Lopukhov, Platon D., Lorkowski, Stefan, Lugo, Alessandra, Majeed, Azeem, Maleki, Afshin, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manjunatha, Narayana, Mansouri, Borhan, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martini, Santi, Mathur, Manu Raj, Medina-Solís, Carlo Eduardo, Mehata, Suresh, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G., Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Miazgowski, Bartosz, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Miller, Ted R., Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Mirzaei, Hamed, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi, Misra, Sanjeev, Moghadaszadeh, Masoud, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H., Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Moradi, Ghobad, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Mossie, Tilahun Belete, Mubarik, Sumaira, Mullany, Erin C., Murray, Christopher J.L., Naghavi, Mohsen, Naghshtabrizi, Behshad, Nair, Sanjeev, Nalini, Mahdi, Nangia, Vinay, Naqvi, Atta Abbas, Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas, Naveed, Muhammad, Nayak, Smitha, Nayak, Vinod C., Nazari, Javad, Nduaguba, Sabina O., Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen, Son Hoang, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nixon, Molly R., Nnaji, Chukwudi A., Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nowak, Christoph, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru, Oh, In-Hwan, Olagunju, Andrew T., Oren, Eyal, Otstavnov, Nikita, Otstavnov, Stanislav S., Owolabi, Mayowa O., P A, Mahesh, Pakhale, Smita, Pakshir, Keyvan, Palladino, Raffaele, Pan, Liping, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandey, Ashok, Parekh, Utsav, Park, Eun-Cheol, Park, Eun-Kee, Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh, Patton, George C., Pawar, Shrikant, Pestell, Richard G., Pinheiro, Marina, Piradov, Michael A., Pirouzpanah, Saeed, Pokhrel, Khem Narayan, Polibin, Roman V., Prashant, Akila, Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, Radfar, Amir, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Azizur, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rajai, Nazanin, Ram, Pradhum, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rathi, Priya, Rawal, Lal, Renzaho, Andre M.N., Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam, Rezapour, Aziz, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Riaz, Mavra A., Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roy, Ambuj, Roy, Bedanta, Sacco, Simona, Saddik, Basema, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Salehi, Sana, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Samaei, Mehrnoosh, Samy, Abdallah M., Santos, Itamar S., Santric-Milicevic, Milena M., Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sathian, Brijesh, Sawhney, Monika, Saylan, Mete, Schaub, Michael P., Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione Jayce Ceola, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Schwendicke, Falk, Seidu, Abdul-Aziz, Senthil Kumar, Nachimuthu, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Seylani, Allen, Shafaat, Omid, Shah, Syed Mahboob, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shalash, Ali S., Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharafi, Kiomars, Sheikh, Aziz, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shishani, Kawkab, Shivakumar, K.M., Shivalli, Siddharudha, Shrestha, Roman, Siabani, Soraya, Sidemo, Negussie Boti, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Singh, Ambrish, Singh, Jasvinder A., Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Sitas, Freddy, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Soboka, Matiwos, Soriano, Joan B., Soroush, Ali, Soshnikov, Sergey, Soyiri, Ireneous N., Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Stein, Dan J, Steiropoulos, Paschalis, Stortecky, Stefan, Straif, Kurt, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan, Sulo, Gerhard, Sundström, Johan, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Taddele, Biruk Wogayehu, Tadesse, Eyayou Girma, Tamiru, Animut Tagele, Tareke, Minale, Tareque, Md Ismail, Tarigan, Ingan Ukur, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thapar, Rekha, Tichopad, Ales, Tolani, Musliu Adetola, Topouzis, Fotis, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tripathy, Jaya Prasad, Tsegaye, Gebiyaw Wudie, Tsilimparis, Nikolaos, Tymeson, Hayley D., Ullah, Anayat, Ullah, Saif, Unim, Brigid, Updike, Rachel L., Vacante, Marco, Valdez, Pascual R., Vardavas, Constantine, Varona Pérez, Patricia, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Verma, Madhur, Vetrova, Marina V., Vo, Bay, Vu, Giang Thu, Waheed, Yasir, Wang, Yanzhong, Welding, Kevin, Werdecker, Andrea, Whisnant, Joanna L., Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yandrapalli, Srikanth, Yatsuya, Hiroshi, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid, Yeshaw, Yigizie, Yimmer, Mohammed Zewdu, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Yusefzadeh, Hasan, Zahirian Moghadam, Telma, Zaman, Muhammed Shahriar, Zamanian, Maryam, Zandian, Hamed, Zar, Heather J., Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zastrozhina, Anasthasia, Zavala-Arciniega, Luis, Zhang, Jianrong, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhong, Chenwen, Zuniga, Yves Miel H., Gakidou, Emmanuela, Reitsma, Marissa B, Kendrick, Parkes J, Ababneh, Emad, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdoli, Amir, Abedi, Aidin, Abhilash, E S, Abila, Derrick Bary, Aboyans, Victor, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Advani, Shailesh M, Aghaali, Mohammad, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Sohail, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmed, Haroon, Aji, Budi, Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alanzi, Turki M, Alhabib, Khalid F, Ali, Liaqat, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, Françoi, Allebeck, Peter, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, Amini, Saeed, Amu, Hubert, Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderson, Jason A, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Antony, Benny, Anvari, Davood, Arabloo, Jalal, Arian, Nicholas D, Arora, Monika, Asaad, Malke, Ausloos, Marcel, Awan, Asma Tahir, Ayano, Getinet, Aynalem, Getie Lake, Azari, Samad, B, Darshan B, Badiye, Ashish D, Baig, Atif Amin, Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein, Banach, Maciej, Banik, Palash Chandra, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Basu, Sanjay, Bayati, Mohsen, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Behzadifar, Masoud, Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berfield, Kathleen S Sachiko, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bibi, Sadia, Bijani, Ali, Bintoro, Bagas Suryo, Biondi, Antonio, Birara, Setognal, Braithwaite, Dejana, Brenner, Hermann, Brunoni, Andre R, Burkart, Katrin, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia Sofia, Chang, Jung-Chen, Chen, Simiao, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Cirillo, Massimo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Couto, Rosa A S, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Damasceno, Albertino Antonio Moura, Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz, Darega Gela, Jiregna, Davletov, Kairat, Derbew Molla, Meseret, Dessie, Getenet Ayalew, Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Diaz, Daniel, Do, Hoa Thi, Douiri, Abdel, Duncan, Bruce B, Duraes, Andre Rodrigue, Eagan, Arielle Wilder, Ebrahimi Kalan, Mohammad, Edvardsson, Kristina, Elbarazi, Iffat, El Tantawi, Maha, Esmaeilnejad, Saman, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Faraon, Emerito Jose A, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá, Farwati, Medhat, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, Feigin, Valery L, Feldman, Rachel, Fernandez Prendes, Carlota, Ferrara, Pietro, Filip, Irina, Filippidis, Filippo, Fischer, Florian, Flor, Luisa Sorio, Foigt, Nataliya A, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Foroutan, Masoud, Gad, Mohamed M, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gallus, Silvano, Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghajar, Alireza, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Giampaoli, Simona, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Glozah, Franklin N, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, Golechha, Mahaveer, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goudarzi, Houman, Goulart, Alessandra C, Greaves, Felix, Guha, Avirup, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Rajat Da, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tarun, Gupta, Vin, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haider, Mohammad Rifat, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hankey, Graeme J, Hargono, Arief, Hartono, Risky Kusuma, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hay, Simon I, Heidari, Golnaz, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hezam, Kamal, Hird, Thomas R, Hole, Michael K, Holla, Ramesh, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Sorin, Househ, Mowafa, Hsiao, Thoma, Huang, Junjie, Iannucci, Vincent C, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Idrisov, Bulat, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Jessica Y, Islam, Rakibul M, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islami, Farhad, Iso, Hiroyasu, Itumalla, Ramaiah, Iwagami, Masao, Jaafari, Jalil, Jain, Vardhmaan, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jang, Sung-In, Janjani, Hosna, Jayaram, Shubha, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Joo, Tama, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Kalankesh, Leila R, Kanchan, Tanuj, Kandel, Himal, Kapoor, Neeti, Karimi, Salah Eddin, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kebede, Hafte Kahsay, Kelkay, Bayew, Kennedy, Ryan David, Khoja, Abdullah T, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Gyu Ri, Kim, Young-Eun, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kivimäki, Mika, Kosen, Soewarta, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Kugbey, Nuworza, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Nithin, Kurmi, Om P, Kusuma, Dian, Lacey, Ben, Lam, Jennifer O, Landires, Iván, Lasrado, Savita, Lauriola, Paolo, Lee, Doo Woong, Lee, Yo Han, Leung, Janni, Li, Shanshan, Lin, Hualiang, Linn, Shai, Liu, Wei, Lopez, Alan D, Lopukhov, Platon D, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lugo, Alessandra, Majeed, Azeem, Maleki, Afshin, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A, Manjunatha, Narayana, Mansouri, Borhan, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martini, Santi, Mathur, Manu Raj, Medina-Solís, Carlo Eduardo, Mehata, Suresh, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Miller, Ted R, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mirzaei, Hamed, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi, Misra, Sanjeev, Moghadaszadeh, Masoud, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Moradi, Ghobad, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, Morrison, Shane Dougla, Mossie, Tilahun Belete, Mubarik, Sumaira, Mullany, Erin C, Murray, Christopher J L, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naghshtabrizi, Behshad, Nair, Sanjeev, Nalini, Mahdi, Nangia, Vinay, Naqvi, Atta Abba, Narasimha Swamy, Sreeniva, Naveed, Muhammad, Nayak, Smitha, Nayak, Vinod C, Nazari, Javad, Nduaguba, Sabina O, Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen, Son Hoang, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nixon, Molly R, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacque, Nowak, Christoph, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oguntade, 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Hamideh, Samaei, Mehrnoosh, Samy, Abdallah M, Santos, Itamar S, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sathian, Brijesh, Sawhney, Monika, Saylan, Mete, Schaub, Michael P, Schmidt, Maria Inê, Schneider, Ione Jayce Ceola, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Schwendicke, Falk, Seidu, Abdul-Aziz, Senthil Kumar, Nachimuthu, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Seylani, Allen, Shafaat, Omid, Shah, Syed Mahboob, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shalash, Ali S, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharafi, Kiomar, Sheikh, Aziz, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shishani, Kawkab, Shivakumar, K M, Shivalli, Siddharudha, Shrestha, Roman, Siabani, Soraya, Sidemo, Negussie Boti, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig, Silva, Diego Augusto Santo, Silva, João Pedro, Singh, Ambrish, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Sitas, Freddy, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Soboka, Matiwo, Soriano, Joan B, Soroush, Ali, Soshnikov, Sergey, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Spurlock, 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Subjects
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 0302 clinical medicine, HV, GBD 2019 Tobacco Collaborators, Prevalence, Global health, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, 610 Medicine & health, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, RISK, Tobacco control, 1. No poverty, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, Articles, Tobacco smoking, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3. Good health, A990 Medicine and Dentistry not elsewhere classified, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, HAZARDS, 03 medical and health sciences, Medicine, General & Internal, Environmental health, General & Internal Medicine, Tobacco, Premature Deaths, Population growth, Medicine [Science], Global Burden, Attributable Diseases, Risk factor, Mortality, PROGRESS, Disease burden, Estimation, Science & Technology, business.industry, Smoking Tobacco, MORTALITY, Former Smoker, GOAL, REDUCTION, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, PREMATURE DEATHS, business, RA, RC
Abstract

Background Ending the global tobacco epidemic is a defining challenge in global health. Timely and comprehensive estimates of the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden are needed to guide tobacco control efforts nationally and globally. Methods We estimated the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden for 204 countries and territories, by age and sex, from 1990 to 2019 as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study. We modelled multiple smoking-related indicators from 3625 nationally representative surveys. We completed systematic reviews and did Bayesian meta-regressions for 36 causally linked health outcomes to estimate non-linear dose-response risk curves for current and former smokers. We used a direct estimation approach to estimate attributable burden, providing more comprehensive estimates of the health effects of smoking than previously available. Findings Globally in 2019, 1·14 billion (95% uncertainty interval 1·13–1·16) individuals were current smokers, who consumed 7·41 trillion (7·11–7·74) cigarette-equivalents of tobacco in 2019. Although prevalence of smoking had decreased significantly since 1990 among both males (27·5% [26·5–28·5] reduction) and females (37·7% [35·4–39·9] reduction) aged 15 years and older, population growth has led to a significant increase in the total number of smokers from 0·99 billion (0·98–1·00) in 1990. Globally in 2019, smoking tobacco use accounted for 7·69 million (7·16–8·20) deaths and 200 million (185–214) disability-adjusted life-years, and was the leading risk factor for death among males (20·2% [19·3–21·1] of male deaths). 6·68 million [86·9%] of 7·69 million deaths attributable to smoking tobacco use were among current smokers. Interpretation In the absence of intervention, the annual toll of 7·69 million deaths and 200 million disability-adjusted life-years attributable to smoking will increase over the coming decades. Substantial progress in reducing the prevalence of smoking tobacco use has been observed in countries from all regions and at all stages of development, but a large implementation gap remains for tobacco control. Countries have a clear and urgent opportunity to pass strong, evidence-based policies to accelerate reductions in the prevalence of smoking and reap massive health benefits for their citizens. Funding Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Published
2021

46. Maternal Mortality and Morbidity by Cause in Provinces of Iran, 1990 to 2019: An Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Author

Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Aliabadi, Hossein Rezaei, Malekzadeh, Reza, and Naghavi, Mohsen

Subjects
*PREMATURE infants, *GLOBAL burden of disease, *AGE distribution, *LIFE expectancy, *DISEASES, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *MATERNAL mortality, *SUSTAINABLE development, *HEALTH equity, *PEOPLE with disabilities, *GOAL (Psychology)
Abstract

Background: Since 1990, maternal mortality ratio (MMR) has significantly decreased in Iran. However, estimates for mortality and morbidity by cause at subnational scale are not available. Methods: This study is part of the Global Burden of Diseases study (GBD) 2019. Here we report maternal mortality and morbidity by age and cause across 31 provinces of Iran from 1990 to 2019. Results: Since 1990, MMR declined from 44.5 (95% UI: 38.6-50.1) to 15.9 (14.7--17.3) per 100 000 live births in Iran. In 1990 MMR ranged from 18.5 (11.2--26.4) to 76.9 (38.4--114.7) per 100 000 live births across provinces. Respective figures for 2019 were 7.1 (5.2--9.3) to 34.0 (25.1--44.7) per 100 000 live births. In 2019, MMR was higher in young women (aged 10 to 14) and older women (aged 45 or more). Percentages of deaths under 25 years was 24.8% in 1990 and 16.0% in 2019. There was remarkable decline in years lost due to premature death (YLL) rates from 1990 to 2019. While the decline was modest for years lived with disability (YLD) rates. Indirect maternal deaths and other maternal deaths ranked first or second in almost all provinces. Ultimately, there was an evident decrease in MMR along with increase in socio-demographic Index (SDI) from 1990 to 2019 in all provinces and an evident convergence across provinces. Conclusion: MMR has declined to levels much lower than Sustainable Development Goals in all provinces. Although there was a convergence in trends, there are still disparities across provinces. The decline in disabilities caused by maternal disorders is not as significant as mortality, which needs further actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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47. Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)

Author

Iurilli, Maria L. C., Zhou, Bin, Bennett, James E., Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M., Sophiea, Marisa K., Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea, Bixby, Honor, Solomon, Bethlehem D., Taddei, Cristina, Danaei, Goodarz, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Stevens, Gretchen A., Riley, Leanne M., Savin, Stefan, Cowan, Melanie J., Bovet, Pascal, Damasceno, Albertino, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Hayes, Alison J., Ikeda, Nayu, Jackson, Rod T., Khang, Young-Ho, Laxmaiah, Avula, Liu, Jing, Miranda, J. Jaime, Saidi, Olfa, Sebert, Sylvain, Soric, Maroje, Starc, Gregor, Gregg, Edward W., Abarca-Gomez, Leandra, Abdeen, Ziad A., Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Ghaffar, Suhaila Abdul, Rahim, Hanan F. Abdul, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M., Garba, Jamila Abubakar, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adams, Robert J., Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afsana, Kaosar, Afzal, Shoaib, Agdeppa, Imelda A., Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmed, Soheir H., Ahrens, Wolfgang, Aitmurzaeva, Gulmira, Ajlouni, Kamel, Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M., Al-Lahou, Badreya, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alarouj, Monira, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Ali, Mohamed M., Alkandari, Abdullah, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Allin, Kristine, Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N., Amiri, Parisa, Amougou, Norbert, Amouyel, Philippe, Andersen, Lars Bo, Anderssen, Sigmund A., Angquist, Lars, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Araujo, Joana, Ariansen, Inger, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E., Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K., Aspelund, Thor, Assah, Felix K., Assuncao, Maria Cecilia F., Aung, May Soe, Auvinen, Juha, Avdicova, Maria, Avi, Shina, Azevedo, Ana, Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen, Azizi, Fereidoun, Azmin, Mehrdad, Babu, Bontha, Jorgensen, Maja Boksgaard, Baharudin, Azli, Bahijri, Suhad, Baker, Jennifer L., Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, Jose R., Baran, Joanna, Barbagallo, Carlo M., Barcelo, Alberto, Barkat, Amina, Barros, Aluisio Jd, Gomes Barros, Mauro Virgilio, Basit, Abdul, Bastos, Joao Luiz D., Bata, Iqbal, Batieha, Anwar M., Batista, Rosangela L., Battakova, Zhamilya, Batyrbek, Assembekov, Baur, Louise A., Beaglehole, Robert, Bel-Serrat, Silvia, Belavendra, Antonisamy, Ben Romdhane, Habiba, Benedics, Judith, Benet, Mikhail, Bergh, Ingunn Holden, Berkinbayev, Salim, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bernotiene, Gailute, Bettiol, Heloisa, Bezerra, Jorge, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bharadwaj, Sumit, Bhargava, Santosh K., Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Bi, Hongsheng, Bi, Yufang, Bia, Daniel, Lele, Elysee Claude Bika, Bikbov, Mukharram M., Bista, Bihungum, Bjelica, Dusko J., Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B., Bjorkelund, Cecilia, Bloch, Katia, Blokstra, Anneke, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boddy, Lynne M., Boehm, Bernhard O., Boeing, Heiner, Boggia, Jose G., Bogova, Elena, Boissonnet, Carlos P., Bojesen, Stig E., Bonaccio, Marialaura, Bongard, Vanina, Bonilla-Vargas, Alice, Bopp, Matthias, Borghs, Herman, Braeckevelt, Lien, Braeckman, Lutgart, Bragt, Marjolijn C. 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Bas, Bugge, Anna, Buoncristiano, Marta, Burazeri, Genc, Burns, Con, Cabrera de Leon, Antonio, Cacciottolo, Joseph, Cai, Hui, Cama, Tilema, Cameron, Christine, Camolas, Jose, Can, Gunay, Candido, Ana Paula C., Canete, Felicia, Capanzana, Mario, Capkova, Nadezda, Capuano, Eduardo, Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardol, Marloes, Cardoso, Viviane C., Carlsson, Axel C., Carmuega, Esteban, Carvalho, Joana, Casajus, Jose A., Casanueva, Felipe F., Celikcan, Ertugrul, Censi, Laura, Cervantes-Loaiza, Marvin, Cesar, Juraci A., Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Angelique W., Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Himanshu K., Chaturvedi, Nish, Rahim, Norsyamlina Che Abdul, Chee, Miao Li, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Huashuai, Chen, Shuohua, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Cheraghian, Bahman, Chetrit, Angela, Chikova-Iscener, Ekaterina, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chiou, Shu-Ti, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Christensen, Kaare, Christofaro, Diego G. [UNESP], Chudek, Jerzy, Cifkova, Renata, Cilia, Michelle, Cinteza, Eliza, Claessens, Frank, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Cohen, Emmanuel, Concin, Hans, Confortin, Susana C., Cooper, Cyrus, Coppinger, Tara C., Corpeleijn, Eva, Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Craig, Cora L., Crampin, Amelia C., Crujeiras, Ana B., Csilla, Semanova, Cucu, Alexandra M., Cui, Liufu, Cureau, Felipe, Czenczek-Lewandowska, Ewelina, D'Arrigo, Graziella, D'Orsi, Eleonora, Dacica, Liliana, Dal Re Saavedra, Maria Angeles, Dallongeville, Jean, Damsgaard, Camilla T., Dankner, Rachel, Dantoft, Thomas M., Dasgupta, Parasmani, Dastgiri, Saeed, Dauchet, Luc, Davletov, Kairat, De Backer, Guy, De Bacquer, Dirk, Gaetano, Giovanni de, De Henauw, Stefaan, Oliveira, Paula Duarte de, De Ridder, David, De Ridder, Karin, Rooij, Susanne R. de, De Smedt, Delphine, Deepa, Mohan, Deev, Alexander D., DeGennaro, Vincent, Dehghan, Abbas, Delisle, Helene, Delpeuch, Francis, Demarest, Stefaan, Dennison, Elaine, Deren, Katarzyna, Deschamps, Valerie, Dhimal, Meghnath, Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F., Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares, Diaz-Sanchez, Maria Elena, Diaz, Alejandro, Dika, Zivka, Djalalinia, Shirin, Djordjic, Visnja, Do, Ha T. 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Shyong, Tammesoo, Mari-Liis, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Tan, Eng Joo, Tang, Xun, Tanrygulyyeva, Maya, Tanser, Frank, Tao, Yong, Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul, Tarp, Jakob, Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B., Braunerova, Radka Taxova, Taylor, Anne, Taylor, Julie, Tchibindat, Felicite, Tebar, William R. [UNESP], Tell, Grethe S., Tello, Tania, Tham, Yih Chung, Thankappan, K. R., Theobald, Holger, Theodoridis, Xenophon, Thijs, Lutgarde, Thomas, Nihal, Thuesen, Betina H., Ticha, Lubica, Timmermans, Erik J., Tjonneland, Anne, Tolonen, Hanna K., Tolstrup, Janne S., Topbas, Murat, Topor-Madry, Roman, Torheim, Liv Elin, Tormo, Maria Jose, Tornaritis, Michael J., Torrent, Maties, Torres-Collado, Laura, Toselli, Stefania, Touloumi, Giota, Traissac, Pierre, Thi Tuyet-Hanh Tran, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Oanh Th Trinh, Trivedi, Atul, Tshepo, Lechaba, Tsigga, Maria, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Tuliakova, Azaliia M., Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K., Tullu, Fikru, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Turley, Maria L., Twig, Gilad, Tynelius, Per, Tzotzas, Themistoklis, Tzourio, Christophe, Ueda, Peter, Ugel, Eunice, Ukoli, Flora Am, Ulmer, Hanno, Unal, Belgin, Usupova, Zhamyila, Uusitalo, Hannu M. 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Chitra Tirunal Inst Med Sci & Technol, Hellen Med Assoc Obes, Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Aarhus Univ, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Natl Inst Epidemiol, Univ Munster, Israel Ctr Dis Control, Res Inst Primordial Prevent Noncommunicable Dis, Amsterdam UMC Publ Hlth Res Inst, South African Med Res Council, Kyrgyz State Med Acad, Res Inst Child Nutr, Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Univ Cambridge, Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Hypertens Res Ctr, Med Univ Innsbruck, Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Yonsei Univ, Natl Canc Ctr, Univ Coll South Denmark, Stat Austria, BP Koirala Inst Hlth Sci, Univ Vienna, Tartu Univ Clin, Kansai Med Univ, Hungarian Sch Sport Federat, Minist Hlth & Qual Life, Univ Hosp Ulm, North West Univ, Univ Jyvaskyla, Amrita Inst Med Sci, Inst Endocrinol, All India Inst Med Sci, African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, Hanoi Univ Publ Hlth, Hassan First Univ Settat, Harokopio Univ, Sahlgrens Acad, Endocrinol & Metab Res Ctr, Univ Publ Hlth, Int 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Technol, Brown Univ, London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Univ Edinburgh, Shahid Sadoughi Univ Med Sci, Robert Koch Inst, Univ Lisbon, Womens Social & Hlth Studies Fdn, Democritus Univ, Grigore T Popa Univ Med & Pharm, Univ Firenze, Ain Shams Univ, Isfahan Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Univ Strasbourg, Mulago Hosp, Univ San Carlos, Univ Limpopo, Univ Med Sci Cienfuegos, Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, Trobe Univ, Int Inst Mol & Cell Biol, Inst Conmemorat Gorgas Estudios Salud, Dept Publ Hlth, Univ Brescia, Minist Hlth & Social Protect, Univ Limerick, Croatian Inst Publ Hlth, Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bushehr Univ Med Sci, Ulm Univ, Dept Stat, Kobe Univ, Suraj Eye Inst, UNICEF, Univ Med Greifswald, Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Univ Med & Pharm Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi Med Univ, LifeDoc Hlth, Heartfile, Eastern Mediterranean Publ Hlth Network, Univ Manchester, State Univ Med & Pharm, Tachikawa Gen Hosp, Korea Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Japan Wildlife Res Ctr, Istanbul Univ, Univ Fed Parana, Univ Madeira, Univ Puerto Rico, Ctr Clin Res & Prevent, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, UniSante, Inst Canc Res, Univ Wisconsin, Heidelberg Univ, IRCCS Ente Osped Specializzato Gastroenterol S de, Zayed Univ, Catholic Univ Daegu, Univ Med Pharm Sci & Technol Targu Mures, Jivandeep Hosp, Natl Dent Care Ctr Singapore, Univ Malaga, Univ Hosp Varese, Vietnam Natl Heart Inst, Clin Med Avanzada Dr Abel Gonzalez, Leibniz Inst Prevent Res & Epidemiol BIPS, Univ Sarajevo, Cardiovasc Prevent Ctr Udine, Pisa Univ Hosp, Publ Hlth Agcy Catalonia, Inst Hosp del Mar Invest Med, Ardabil Univ Med Sci, Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Alborz Univ Med Sci, Pure Earth, Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Univ Turku, Inst Univ Invest Atenc Primaria Jordi Gol, Univ Putra Malaysia, Univ Malaya, Sotiria Hosp, Univ Valencia, Univ Philippines, Slovak Acad Sci, Nutr Res Fdn, Minas Gerais State Secretariat Hlth, CS S Agustin Ibsalut, Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, Natl Inst Hlth Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Univ Nove Julho, Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Canarian Hlth Serv, Univ Ind Santander, Assoc Calabrese Epatol, Univ Minho, Fiji Natl Univ, Spanish Nutr Fdn, Publ Hlth Agcy Sweden, Inst Food Sci Natl Res Council, Sitaram Bhartia Inst Sci & Res, Kindergarten Avlonari, Natl Inst Hlth, Catalan Dept Hlth, Biodonostia Hlth Res Inst, Inst Saude Ambiental, South Karelia Social & Hlth Care Dist, McMaster Univ, Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Rigshosp, Acad Med Ctr Univ Amsterdam, Ctr Oral Hlth Serv & Res Midnorway, Lagos State Univ, Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Comenius Univ, Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Nippon Med Sch, Sungkyunkwan Univ, Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Publ Hlth Promot & Dev Org, St Vincents Hosp, Nes Municipal, Hlth Polytech Jakarta II Inst, Diponegoro Univ, Univ Bari, Inst Reg Sante Publ, Univ Bordeaux, Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Univ Leuven, Lamprecht & Stamm Sozialforsch & Beratung AG, Univ Bonn, Kalina Malina Kindergarten, Jikei Univ, Fu Jen Catholic Univ, Natl Stat Off, Natl Inst Publ Hlth Natl Inst Hyg, Sci Res Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Univ Lincoln, Cent Univ Kerala, Amsterdam Publ Hlth Res Inst, Hlth Serv Murcia, Inst Invest Sanitaria Illes Balears, Univ Bologna, Hellen Hlth Fdn, Govt Med Coll, Sefako Makgatho Hlth Sci Univ, Addis Ababa Univ, Univ Ctr Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Meharry Med Coll, Dokuz Eylul Univ, Univ Tampere, Sabiha Gokcen Ilkokulu, Polytech Inst Porto, Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Univ CEU San Pablo, Univ Miguel Hernandez, Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Sunflower Nursery Sch, North Karelia Ctr Publ Hlth, Univ Witwatersrand, Med Univ Vienna, Cork Inst Technol, Inst Med Res, Xinjiang Med Univ, Shanghai Educ Dev Co Ltd, Rebro Univ, St Georges Univ London, Univ Indonesia, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Fudan Univ, Univ Cyprus, Niigata Univ, Int Med Univ, Iran Univ Med Sci, Ctr Diabet & Endocrine Care, Peking Univ First Hosp, Jiangsu Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sun Yat Sen Univ, West Kazakhstan Med Univ, Inner Mongolia Med Univ, and Przedszkole 81

Subjects
Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics, Science & Technology, AUSTRALIAN ADULTS, CHINESE ADULTS, nutritional and metabolic diseases, MALNUTRITION, TRENDS, DOUBLE BURDEN, PREVALENCE, POOLED ANALYSIS, US ADULTS, SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS, HEALTH, sense organs, skin and connective tissue diseases, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Biology
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T15:08:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-03-09 Wellcome Trust From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions. Imperial Coll London, London, England Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA Middlesex Univ, London, England World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland Minist Hlth, Victoria, Seychelles Univ Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Eduardo Mondlane Univ, Maputo, Mozambique Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Natl Inst Biomed Innovat Hlth & Nutr, Tokyo, Japan Univ Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea ICMR Natl Inst Nutr, Hyderabad, India Capital Med Univ, Beijing An Zhen Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru Univ Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia Univ Oulu, Oulu, Finland Univ Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Caja Costarricense Seguro Social, San Jose, Costa Rica Al Quds Univ, East Jerusalem, State Of Palest, Palestine Natl Ctr Publ Healthcare, Nur Sultan, Kazakhstan Minist Hlth, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Qatar Univ, Doha, Qatar Birzeit Univ, Birzeit, State Of Palest, Israel Usmanu Danfodiyo Univ Teaching Hosp, Sokoto, Nigeria Inst Mexicano Seguro Social, Mexico City, DF, Mexico Flinders Univ S Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia Mahidol Univ, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand BRAC James P Grant Sch Publ Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark Food & Nutr Res Inst, Taguig, Philippines Urmia Univ Med Sci, Orumiyeh, Iran Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nut, Mexico City, DF, Mexico Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands Shahrekord Univ Med Sci, Shahrekord, Iran Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran Univ Oslo, Oslo, Norway Univ Bremen, Bremen, Germany Republican Ctr Hlth Promot, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Natl Ctr Diabet Endocrinol & Genet, Amman, Jordan Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Kuwait Inst Sci Res, Kuwait, Kuwait King Abdulaziz Univ, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Dasman Diabet Inst, Kuwait, Kuwait Luxembourg Inst Hlth, Strassen, Luxembourg Aldara Hosp & Med Ctr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia King Abdullah Int Med Res Ctr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Bispebjerg & Frederiksberg Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark Barcelona Inst Global Hlth CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain World Hlth Org Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt Bombay Hosp & Med Res Ctr, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Res Ctr Social Determinants Hlth, Tehran, Iran UMR CNRS MNHN 7206 Ecoanthropologie, Paris, France Univ Lille, Lille, France Lille Univ Hosp, Lille, France Western Norway Univ Appl Sci, Sogndal, Norway Norwegian Sch Sport Sci, Oslo, Norway Madras Diabet Res Fdn, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Zahedan Univ Med Sci, Zahedan, Iran Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Tunis, Tunisia Univ Porto, Inst Publ Hlth, Porto, Portugal Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Oslo, Norway Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA Abt Associates Inc, Kathmandu, Nepal Univ Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland Univ Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon Univ Fed Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil Univ Med 1, Yangon, Myanmar Banska Bystrica Reg Author Publ Hlth, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel Univ Porto, Med Sch, Porto, Portugal Neyshabur Univ Med Sci, Neyshabur, Iran Res Inst Endocrine Sci, Tehran, Iran Indian Council Med Res, New Delhi, India Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Copenhagen, Denmark Univ Sci & Technol, Sanaa, Yemen Med Univ Lodz, Lodz, Poland Med Univ Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland Univ Autonoma Madrid CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain Univ Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland Univ Palermo, Palermo, Italy Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA Mohammed V Univ Rabat, Rabat, Morocco Univ Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil Baqai Inst Diabetol & Endocrinol, Karachi, Pakistan Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS, Canada Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Irbid, Jordan Univ Fed Maranhao, Sao Luis, Brazil Farabi Kazakh Natl Univ, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India Fed Minist Social Affairs Hlth Care & Consumer Pr, Vienna, Austria Cafam Univ Fdn, Bogota, Colombia Kazakh Natl Med Univ, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan Lithuanian Univ Hlth Sci, Kaunas, Lithuania Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil BJ Med Coll, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India Chirayu Med Coll, New Delhi, India Sunder Lal Jain Hosp, Delhi, India Hosp Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada Shandong Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Jinan, Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Med, Shanghai, Peoples R China Univ Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay Inst Med Res & Med Plant Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon Ufa Eye Res Inst, Ufa, Russia Nepal Hlth Res Council, Kathmandu, Nepal Univ Montenegro, Niksic, Montenegro Univ Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark Univ Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Bilthoven, Netherlands Univ Turin, Turin, Italy UCL, London, England Liverpool John Moores Univ, Liverpool, Merseyside, England Nanyang Technol Univ Singapore, Singapore, Singapore German Inst Human Nutr, Potsdam, Germany Endocrinol Res Ctr, Moscow, Russia Ctr Educ Med & Invest Clin, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy Toulouse Univ, Sch Med, Toulouse, France Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Univ Hosp KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Flemish Agcy Care & Hlth, Brussels, Belgium Univ Ghent, Ghent, Belgium FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, Netherlands Univ Cent Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela Bielefeld Univ, Bielefeld, Germany World Hlth Org Reg Off Europe, Moscow, Russia German Canc Res Ctr, Heidelberg, Germany Fred Hollows Fdn, Auckland, New Zealand Univ Med & Pharm Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania Swansea Univ, Swansea, W Glam, Wales Univ Coll Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Inst Publ Hlth, Tirana, Albania Munster Technol Univ, Cork, Ireland Univ La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain Univ Malta, Msida, Malta Vanderbilt Univ, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA Minist Hlth, Tongatapu, Tonga Canadian Fitness & Lifestyle Res Inst, Ottawa, ON, Canada Hosp Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal Istanbul Univ Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Juiz De Fora, Brazil Minist Publ Hlth, Asuncion, Paraguay Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Prague, Czech Republic Gaetano Fucito Hosp, Mercato San Severino, Italy Univ Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands Karolinska Inst, Huddinge, Sweden Ctr Estudios Nutr Infantil, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Univ Porto, Porto, Portugal Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain Santiago de Compostela Univ, Santiago De Compostela, Spain Minist Hlth, Ankara, Turkey Council Agr Res & Econ, Rome, Italy Fed Univ Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil India Diabet Res Fdn, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Duke NUS Med Sch, Singapore, Singapore ICMR Natl Inst Med Stat, New Delhi, India Singapore Eye Res Inst, Singapore, Singapore Acad Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan Capital Inst Pediat, Beijing, Peoples R China Duke Univ, Durham, NH USA Kailuan Gen Hosp, Tangshan, Peoples R China Univ Oxford, Oxford, England Ahvaz Jundishapur Univ Med Sci, Ahvaz, Iran Gertner Inst Epidemiol & Hlth Policy Res, Ramat Gan, Israel Natl Ctr Publ Hlth & Anal, Sofia, Bulgaria Univ Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland Minist Hlth & Welf, Taipei, Taiwan CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Murcia, Spain Univ Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark Univ Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil Med Univ Silesia, Katowice, Poland Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Primary Hlth Care, Floriana, Malta Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Bucharest, Romania Katholieke Univ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium STAT Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada UMR CNRS MNHN 7206 Ecoanthropol, Marseille, France Agcy Prevent & Social Med, Bregenz, Austria Univ Southampton, Southampton, Hants, England Inst Pasteur, Lille, France Malawi Epidemiol & Intervent Res Unit, Lilongwe, Malawi CIBEROBN, Madrid, Spain Univ Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary Univ Med & Pharm Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil CNR, Reggio Di Calabria, Italy Eftimie Murgu Univ Resita, Resita, Romania Spanish Agcy Food Safety & Nutr, Madrid, Spain Indian Stat Inst, Kolkata, India Tabriz Hlth Serv Management Res Ctr, Tabriz, Iran Geneva Univ Hosp, Geneva, Switzerland Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands Natl Res Ctr Prevent Med, Moscow, Russia Innovating Hlth Int, Port Au Prince, Haiti Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada French Natl Res Inst Sustainable Dev, Montpellier, France French Publ Hlth Agcy, St Maurice, France Mediterranea Cardioctr, Naples, Italy Univ Vale Rio dos Sinos, Sao Leopoldo, Brazil Natl Inst Hyg Epidemiol & Microbiol, Havana, Cuba Natl Council Sci & Tech Res, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Minist Hlth & Med Educ, Tehran, Iran Univ Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Natl Inst Nutr, Hanoi, Vietnam Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia Ist Super Sanita, Rome, Italy Univ Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Munich, Germany Univ Tehran Med Sci, Tehran, Iran Minist Sante & Hyg Publ, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire Univ Hosp Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany Natl Inst 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Netherlands Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece Inst Natl Sante & Rech Med, Villejuif, France Minist Hlth, Jerusalem, Israel McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada Gasol Fdn, Barcelona, Spain PASs Hirszfeld Inst Immunol & Expt Therapy, Wroclaw, Poland Univ Politecn Madrid, Madrid, Spain St Annes Univ Hosp, Brno, Czech Republic Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico Ctr Estudios Diabet AC, Mexico City, DF, Mexico Univ Autonoma Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep Minist Hlth, Lisbon, Portugal Inst Clin & Expt Med, Prague, Czech Republic Childrens Mem Hlth Inst, Warsaw, Poland Natl Ctr Cardiovasc Dis, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy Author Sanitaria San Marino, San Marino, CA USA Iceland Heart Assoc, Kopavogur, Iceland Univ Icesi, Cali, Colombia Univ Estadual Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil Kings Coll London, London, England Int Agcy Res Canc, Lyon, France Capital Med Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China Capital Med Univ, Beijing Tongren Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China Healis Sekhsaria Inst Publ Hlth, Navi Mumbai, India Eternal Heart Care Ctr & Res Inst, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Univ Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Inst Clin Effectiveness & Hlth Policy, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Natl Hlth Insurance Serv, Wonju, South Korea Prevent Metab Disorders Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran Res & Educ Inst Child Hlth, Nicosia, Cyprus Danish Canc Soc Res Ctr, Copenhagen, Denmark Univ West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Kermanshah, Iran Univ Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland Beijing Inst Ophthalmol, Beijing, Peoples R China Int Hellen Univ, Thessaloniki, Greece Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka, Japan Univ Bergen, Bergen, Norway Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA USA Natl Res Inst Hlth & Family Planning, Beijing, Peoples R China Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China Univ Pecs, Pecs, Hungary Danish Hlth Author, Copenhagen, Denmark Joep Lange Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands Univ Fed Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil Oulu Univ Hosp, Oulu, Finland Univ Autonoma Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland Chron Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Univ Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia Kingston Hlth Sci Ctr, Kingston, ON, Canada Fdn Oftalmol Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia Univ Oran 1, Oran, Algeria Nay Pyi Taw, Independent Publ Hlth Specialist, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar Minist Hlth & Sports, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar Peking Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Bucharest, Romania Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Amsterdam, Netherlands Amer Univ Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, San Sebastian, Spain Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands Med Univ Varna, Varna, Bulgaria Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Deakin Univ, Geelong, Vic, Australia Tokyo Metropolitan Inst Gerontol, Tokyo, Japan Hadassah Univ Med Ctr, Jerusalem, Israel Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Trondheim, Norway Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Sports Univ Tirana, Tirana, Albania Univ Hosp Ctr Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Univ Zagreb, Sch Med, Zagreb, Croatia Heart Fdn, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Guangzhou 12th Hosp, Guangzhou, Peoples R China Univ Eugenio Maria Hostos, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC, Canada Inst Mol & Clin Ophthalmol Basel, Basel, Switzerland Univ New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia World Hlth Org Country Off, Delhi, India Guilan Univ Med Sci, Rasht, Iran Inst Publ Hlth, Belgrade, Serbia Univ Opole, Opole, Poland Finnish Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland Gulu Univ, Gulu, Uganda Univ Crete, Iraklion, Greece Sri Venkateswara Univ, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India Sree Chitra Tirunal Inst Med Sci & Technol, Trivandrum, Kerala, India Hellen Med Assoc Obes, Athens, Greece Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Athens, Greece Maharajgunj Med Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal Aarhus Univ, Aarhus, Denmark Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA Natl Inst Epidemiol, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Univ Munster, Munster, Germany Israel Ctr Dis Control, Ramat Gan, Israel Res Inst Primordial Prevent Noncommunicable Dis, Esfahan, Iran Amsterdam UMC Publ Hlth Res Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands South African Med Res Council, Cape Town, South Africa Kyrgyz State Med Acad, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Res Inst Child Nutr, Dortmund, Germany Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Tehran, Iran Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Sari, Iran Hypertens Res Ctr, Esfahan, Iran Med Univ Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea Natl Canc Ctr, Goyang Si, South Korea Univ Coll South Denmark, Haderslev, Denmark Stat Austria, Vienna, Austria BP Koirala Inst Hlth Sci, Dharan, Nepal Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria Tartu Univ Clin, Tartu, Estonia Kansai Med Univ, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan Hungarian Sch Sport Federat, Budapest, Hungary Minist Hlth & Qual Life, Port Louis, Mauritius Univ Hosp Ulm, Ulm, Germany North West Univ, Potchefstroom, South Africa Univ Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland Inst Publ Hlth, Podgorica, Montenegro Amrita Inst Med Sci, Cochin, Kerala, India Inst Endocrinol, Prague, Czech Republic All India Inst Med Sci, New Delhi, India African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya Hanoi Univ Publ Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam Hassan First Univ Settat, Settat, Morocco Minist Hlth, Algiers, Algeria Harokopio Univ, Athens, Greece Sahlgrens Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden Endocrinol & Metab Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran Univ Publ Hlth, Yangon, Myanmar Int Food Policy Res Inst, Dakar, Senegal Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Hong Kong, Peoples R China Tampere Univ Hosp, Tampere, Finland Univ Douala, Douala, Cameroon Univ Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa Natl Inst Hlth Dev, Tallinn, Estonia West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA Oswaldo Cruz Fdn Rene Rachou Res Inst, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei, Taiwan Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai, Peoples R China Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden Taipei Med Univ, Taipei, Taiwan Sports Med Ctr Minho, Braga, Portugal Univ San Martin Porres, Lima, Peru Consejeria Sanidad Junta Castilla & Leon, Valladolid, Spain Univ Fed Ciencias Saude Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Norrbotten Cty Council, Lulea, Sweden Ilembula Lutheran Hosp, Ilembula, Iran Univ Fed Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil Univ Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Coimbra Univ Hosp Ctr, Coimbra, Portugal Inst Neurosci Natl Res Council, Padua, Italy Baker Heart & Diabet Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia Agr Univ Athens, Athens, Greece Hosp Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil SB RAS Fed Res Ctr Inst Cytol & Genet, Novosibirsk, Russia Univ Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Univ Padua, Padua, Italy Hellen Mediterranean Univ, Siteia, Greece Loughborough Univ, Loughborough, Leics, England Minist Hlth, Nicosia, Cyprus Lausanne Univ Hosp, Lausanne, Switzerland Escola Nacl Saude Publ Sergio Arouca, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain Mary Immaculate Coll, Limerick, Ireland Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA Hungarian Soc Sports Med, Budapest, Hungary Paracelsus Med Univ, Salzburg, Austria Univ Estadual Centro Oeste, Guarapuava, Brazil Sherikashmir Inst Med Sci, Srinagar, India UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Tromso, Norway ICMR Natl Ctr Dis Informat & Res, Bengaluru, India Cape Peninsula Univ Technol, Cape Town, South Africa Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland Shahid Sadoughi Univ Med Sci, Tehran, Iran Inst Natl Sante & Rech Med, Lille, France Robert Koch Inst, Berlin, Germany Univ Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal Womens Social & Hlth Studies Fdn, Trivandrum, Kerala, India Democritus Univ, Alexandroupolis, Greece Grigore T Popa Univ Med & Pharm, Iasi, Romania Univ Firenze, 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Stockholm, Sweden Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam Univ Med & Pharm Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Hanoi Med Univ, Hanoi, Vietnam LifeDoc Hlth, Memphis, TN USA Heartfile, Islamabad, Pakistan Eastern Mediterranean Publ Hlth Network, Amman, Jordan Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England State Univ Med & Pharm, Kishinev, Moldova Tachikawa Gen Hosp, Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan Korea Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cheongju, South Korea Japan Wildlife Res Ctr, Tokyo, Japan Istanbul Univ, Istanbul, Turkey Minist Hlth, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Univ Fed Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil Univ Madeira, Funchal, Portugal Univ Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936 USA Ctr Clin Res & Prevent, Glostrup, Denmark MRC Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Kumasi, Ghana UniSante, Lausanne, Switzerland Inst Canc Res, Prevent & Clin Network, Florence, Italy Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg, Germany IRCCS Ente Osped Specializzato Gastroenterol S de, Bari, Italy Zayed Univ, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates Catholic Univ Daegu, Daegu, South Korea Univ Med Pharm Sci & Technol Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania Jivandeep Hosp, Anand, Gujarat, India South African Med Res Council, Durban, South Africa Natl Dent Care Ctr Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Univ Malaga, Malaga, Spain Univ Hosp Varese, Varese, Italy Vietnam Natl Heart Inst, Hanoi, Vietnam Clin Med Avanzada Dr Abel Gonzalez, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep Leibniz Inst Prevent Res & Epidemiol BIPS, Bremen, Germany Univ Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herceg Cardiovasc Prevent Ctr Udine, Udine, Italy Pisa Univ Hosp, Pisa, Italy Minist Hlth & Med Serv, Honiara, Solomon Islands Publ Hlth Agcy Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain Inst Hosp del Mar Invest Med, Barcelona, Spain Ardabil Univ Med Sci, Ardebil, Iran Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Riga, Latvia Alborz Univ Med Sci, Karaj, Iran Minist Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam Pure Earth, Dhaka, Bangladesh Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh Univ Turku, Turku, Finland Inst Univ Invest Atenc Primaria Jordi Gol, Girona, Spain Univ Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Univ Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Sotiria Hosp, Athens, Greece Univ Valencia, Valencia, Spain Univ Philippines, Manila, Philippines Slovak Acad Sci, Bratislava, Slovakia Nutr Res Fdn, Barcelona, Spain Minas Gerais State Secretariat Hlth, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil CS S Agustin Ibsalut, Palma De Mallorca, Spain Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, Amsterdam, Netherlands Natl Inst Hlth Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal Univ Nove Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada Canarian Hlth Serv, Tenerife, Spain Univ Ind Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia Assoc Calabrese Epatol, Reggio Di Calabria, Italy Univ Minho, Braga, Portugal Fiji Natl Univ, Suva, Fiji Spanish Nutr Fdn, Madrid, Spain Publ Hlth Agcy Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden Inst Food Sci Natl Res Council, Avellino, Italy Sitaram Bhartia Inst Sci & Res, New Delhi, India Kindergarten Avlonari, Evia, Greece Natl Inst Hlth, Lima, Peru Minist Hlth, Jakarta, Indonesia Catalan Dept Hlth, Barcelona, Spain Biodonostia Hlth Res Inst, San Sebastian, Spain Inst Saude Ambiental, Lisbon, Portugal South Karelia Social & Hlth Care Dist, Lappeenranta, Finland McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada Natl Canc Ctr, Tokyo, Japan Univ Sao Paulo Clin Hosp, Sao Paulo, Brazil Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Rigshosp, Copenhagen, Denmark Acad Med Ctr Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands Ctr Oral Hlth Serv & Res Midnorway, Trondheim, Norway Lagos State Univ, Coll Med, Lagos, Nigeria Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain Comenius Univ, Bratislava, Slovakia Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Tbilisi, Georgia Nippon Med Sch, Tokyo, Japan Sungkyunkwan Univ, Seoul, South Korea Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland Publ Hlth Promot & Dev Org, Kathmandu, Nepal St Vincents Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia Nes Municipal, Aarnes, Norway Hlth Polytech Jakarta II Inst, Jakarta, Indonesia Diponegoro Univ, Semarang, Indonesia Univ Bari, Bari, Italy Inst Reg Sante Publ, Ouidah, Benin Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Oslo, Norway Inst Publ Hlth, Skopje, North Macedonia Univ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Lamprecht & Stamm Sozialforsch & Beratung AG, Zurich, Switzerland Inst Natl Sante & Rech Med, Nancy, France Univ Bonn, Bonn, Germany Sotiria Hosp, Sotiria, Greece Kalina Malina Kindergarten, Pazardjik, Bulgaria Jikei Univ, Sch Med, Tokyo, Japan Fu Jen Catholic Univ, Taipei, Taiwan Natl Stat Off, Praia, Cape Verde Natl Inst Publ Hlth Natl Inst Hyg, Warsaw, Poland Deakin Univ, Sydney, NSW, Australia Sci Res Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Ashkhabad, Turkmenistan Univ Lincoln, Lincoln, England Minist Hlth, Amman, Jordan UNICEF, Niamey, Niger Cent Univ Kerala, Kasaragod, India Amsterdam Publ Hlth Res Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands Hlth Serv Murcia, Murcia, Spain Inst Invest Sanitaria Illes Balears, Menorca, Spain Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy Hellen Hlth Fdn, Athens, Greece Govt Med Coll, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India Sefako Makgatho Hlth Sci Univ, Ga Rankuwa, South Africa Addis Ababa Univ, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Minist Hlth, Wellington, New Zealand Univ Ctr Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, Venezuela Meharry Med Coll, Nashville, TN 37208 USA Dokuz Eylul Univ, Izmir, Turkey Univ Tampere, Tays Eye Ctr, Tampere, Finland Sabiha Gokcen Ilkokulu, Ankara, Turkey Polytech Inst Porto, Porto, Portugal Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA Univ CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain CNR, Pisa, Italy Univ Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands Sunflower Nursery Sch, Craiova, Romania North Karelia Ctr Publ Hlth, Joensuu, Finland Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa Med Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria Cork Inst Technol, Cork, Ireland Inst Med Res, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Xinjiang Med Univ, Urumqi, Peoples R China Shanghai Educ Dev Co Ltd, Shanghai, Peoples R China Minist Hlth, Auckland, New Zealand Rebro Univ, Rebro, Sweden St Georges Univ London, London, England Univ Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Inst Food & Nutr Dev, Beijing, Peoples R China Fudan Univ, Childrens Hosp, Shanghai, Peoples R China Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus Niigata Univ, Niigata, Japan Int Med Univ, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Hellen Mediterranean Univ, Iraklion, Greece Iran Univ Med Sci, Tehran, Iran Ctr Diabet & Endocrine Care, Srinagar, India Peking Univ First Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China Jiangsu Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nanjing, Peoples R China Sun Yat Sen Univ, Guangzhou, Peoples R China West Kazakhstan Med Univ, Aktobe, Kazakhstan Inner Mongolia Med Univ, Hohhot, Peoples R China Przedszkole 81, Warsaw, Poland Univ Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil

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2021

48. Levels and Trends of BMI, Obesity, and Overweight at National and Sub-national Levels in Iran from 1990 to 2016; A Comprehensive Pooled Analysis of Half a Million Individuals

Author

Djalalinia, Shirin, primary, Mehdipour, Parinaz, additional, Mohajer, Bahram, additional, Mohebi, Farnam, additional, Larijani, Bagher, additional, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., additional, Ghanbari, Ali, additional, Peykari, Niloofar, additional, Kasaeian, Amir, additional, Pazhuheian, Forough, additional, Ghasemian, Anoosheh, additional, Malekzadeh, Reza, additional, and Farzadfar, Farshad, additional

Published
2021
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49. Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Author

Zhou, Bin Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M. Danaei, Goodarz Riley, Leanne M. Paciorek, Christopher J. Stevens, Gretchen A. and Gregg, Edward W. Bennett, James E. Solomon, Bethlehem and Singleton, Rosie K. Sophiea, Marisa K. Iurilli, Maria L. C. and Lhoste, Victor P. F. Cowan, Melanie J. Savin, Stefan and Woodward, Mark Balanova, Yulia Cifkova, Renata Damasceno, Albertino Elliott, Paul Farzadfar, Farshad He, Jiang and Ikeda, Nayu Kengne, Andre P. Khang, Young-Ho Kim, Hyeon Chang Laxmaiah, Avula Lin, Hsien-Ho Margozzini Maira, Paula and Miranda, J. Jaime Neuhauser, Hannelore Sundstrom, Johan and Varghese, Cherian Widyahening, Indah S. Zdrojewski, Tomasz and Ezzati, Majid Abarca-Gomez, Leandra Abdeen, Ziad A. Rahim, Hanan F. Abdul Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M. Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin and Adams, Robert J. Aekplakorn, Wichai Afsana, Kaosar and Afzal, Shoaib Agdeppa, Imelda A. Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad and Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A. Agyemang, Charles Ahmad, Noor Ani and Ahmadi, Ali Ahmadi, Naser Ahmadi, Nastaran Ahmadizar, Fariba and Ahmed, Soheir H. Ahrens, Wolfgang Ajlouni, Kamel and Al-Raddadi, Rajaa Alarouj, Monira AlBuhairan, Fadia and AlDhukair, Shahla Ali, Mohamed M. Alkandari, Abdullah and Alkerwi, Ala'a Allin, Kristine Aly, Eman Amarapurkar, Deepak N. Amougou, Norbert Amouyel, Philippe Andersen, Lars Bo and Anderssen, Sigmund A. Anjana, Ranjit Mohan Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza Ansong, Daniel Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer Araujo, Joana and Ariansen, Inger Aris, Tahir Arku, Raphael E. Arlappa, Nimmathota Aryal, Krishna K. Aspelund, Thor Assah, Felix K. and Assuncao, Maria Cecilia F. Auvinen, Juha Avdicova, Maria and Azevedo, Ana Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen Azizi, Fereidoun Azmin, Mehrdad Babu, Bontha V. Bahijri, Suhad Balakrishna, Nagalla and Balanova, Yulia Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed Banach, Maciej and Banadinovic, Maja Bandosz, Piotr Banegas, Jose R. Baran, Joanna Barbagallo, Carlo M. Barcelo, Alberto Barkat, Amina and Barreto, Marta Barros, Aluisio J. D. Gomes Barros, Mauro Virgilio Bartosiewicz, Anna Basit, Abdul Bastos, Joao Luiz D. Bata, Iqbal Batieha, Anwar M. Batyrbek, Assembekov and Baur, Louise A. Beaglehole, Robert Belavendra, Antonisamy and Ben Romdhane, Habiba Benet, Mikhail Bennett, James E. and Benson, Lowell S. Berkinbayev, Salim Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio and Bettiol, Heloisa Bezerra, Jorge Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor Bhargava, Santosh K. Bia, Daniel Biasch, Katia Lele, Elysee Claude Bika Bikbov, Mukharram M. Bista, Bihungum Bjerregaard, Peter and Bjertness, Espen Bjertness, Marius B. Bjorkelund, Cecilia and Bloch, Katia V. Blokstra, Anneke Bo, Simona Bobak, Martin Boeing, Heiner Boggia, Jose G. Boissonnet, Carlos P. and Bojesen, Stig E. Bongard, Vanina Bonilla-Vargas, Alice and Bopp, Matthias Borghs, Herman Bovet, Pascal Boyer, Christopher B. Braeckman, Lutgart Brajkovich, Imperia and Branca, Francesco Breckenkamp, Juergen Brenner, Hermann and Brewster, Lizzy M. Briceno, Yajaira Brito, Miguel Bruno, Graziella Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Bueno, Gloria Bugge, Anna Burns, Con Bursztyn, Michael Cabrera de Leon, Antonio and Cacciottolo, Joseph Cameron, Christine Can, Gunay and Candido, Ana Paula C. Capanzana, Mario V. Capkova, Nadezda and Capuano, Eduardo Capuano, Vincenzo Cardoso, Viviane C. and Carlsson, Axel C. Carvalho, Joana Casanueva, Felipe F. and Censi, Laura Cervantes-Loaiza, Marvin Chadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A. Chamukuttan, Snehalatha Chan, Angelique W. and Chan, Queenie Chaturvedi, Himanshu K. Chaturvedi, Nish Chee, Miao Li Chen, Chien-Jen Chen, Fangfang Chen, Huashuai and Chen, Shuohua Chen, Zhengming Cheng, Ching-Yu Cheraghian, Bahman Dekkaki, Imane Cherkaoui Chetrit, Angela Chien, Kuo-Liong Chiolero, Arnaud Chiou, Shu-Ti Chirita-Emandi, Adela Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores Cho, Belong Christensen, Kaare Christofaro, Diego G. Chudek, Jerzy Cifkova, Renata and Cinteza, Eliza Claessens, Frank Clarke, Janine Clays, Els Cohen, Emmanuel Concin, Hans Cooper, Cyrus and Coppinger, Tara C. Costanzo, Simona Cottel, Dominique and Cowell, Chris Craig, Cora L. Crampin, Amelia C. Crujeiras, Ana B. Cruz, Juan J. Csilla, Semanova Cui, Liufu Cureau, Felipe V. Cuschieri, Sarah D'Arrigo, Graziella d'Orsi, Eleonora Dallongeville, Jean Damasceno, Albertino Danaei, Goodarz Dankner, Rachel Dantoft, Thomas M. Dauchet, Luc and Davletov, Kairat De Backer, Guy De Bacquer, Dirk De Curtis, Amalia de Gaetano, Giovanni De Henauw, Stefaan de Oliveira, Paula Duarte De Ridder, David De Smedt, Delphine Deepa, Mohan Deev, Alexander D. DeGennaro, Vincent Jr Delisle, Helene Demarest, Stefaan Dennison, Elaine Deschamps, Valerie and Dhimal, Meghnath Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F. Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares Diaz, Alejandro Dickerson, Ty T. Dika, Zivka and Djalalinia, Shirin Do, Ha T. P. Dobson, Annette J. and Donfrancesco, Chiara Donoso, Silvana P. Doering, Angela and Dorobantu, Maria Doerr, Marcus Doua, Kouamelan Dragano, Nico and Drygas, Wojciech Duante, Charmaine A. Duboz, Priscilla and Duda, Rosemary B. Dulskiene, Virginija Dushpanova, Anar and Dzakula, Aleksandar Dzerve, Vilnis Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta Eddie, Ricky Eftekhar, Ebrahim Eggertsen, Robert and Eghtesad, Sareh Eiben, Gabriele Ekelund, Ulf El-Khateeb, Mohammad El Ati, Jalila Eldemire-Shearer, Denise Eliasen, Marie Elliott, Paul Elosua, Roberto Erasmus, Rajiv T. and Erbel, Raimund Erem, Cihangir Eriksen, Louise Eriksson, Johan G. Escobedo-de la Pena, Jorge Eslami, Saeid Esmaeili, Ali Evans, Alun Faeh, David Fakhretdinova, Albina A. and Fall, Caroline H. Faramarzi, Elnaz Farjam, Mojtaba and Farzadfar, Farshad Fattahi, Mohammad Reza Fawwad, Asher and Felix-Redondo, Francisco J. Felix, Stephan B. Ferguson, Trevor S. Fernandes, Romulo A. Fernandez-Berges, Daniel Ferrante, Daniel Ferrao, Thomas Ferrari, Marika Ferrario, Marco M. and Ferreccio, Catterina Ferreira, Haroldo S. Ferrer, Eldridge and Ferrieres, Jean Figueiro, Thamara Hubler Fink, Gunther and Fischer, Krista Foo, Leng Huat Forsner, Maria Fouad, Heba M. and Francis, Damian K. Franco, Maria do Carmo Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth Frontera, Guillermo Fuchs, Flavio D. Fuchs, Sandra C. and Fujita, Yuki Fumihiko, Matsuda Furdela, Viktoriya Furer, Ariel Furusawa, Takuro Gaciong, Zbigniew Galbarczyk, Andrzej and Galenkamp, Henrike Galvano, Fabio Gao, Jingli Gao, Pei and Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli Garcia, Pablo Gareta, Dickman and Garnett, Sarah P. Gaspoz, Jean-Michel Gasull, Magda and Gazzinelli, Andrea Gehring, Ulrike Geleijnse, Johanna M. and George, Ronnie Ghanbari, Ali Ghasemi, Erfan Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina Ghimire, Anup Gialluisi, Alessandro and Giampaoli, Simona Gieger, Christian Gill, Tiffany K. and Giovannelli, Jonathan Gironella, Glen Giwercman, Aleksander and Gkiouras, Konstantinos Goldberg, Marcel Goldsmith, Rebecca A. and Gomez, Luis F. Gomula, Aleksandra Cordeiro da Silva, Bruna Goncalves Goncalves, Helen Goncalves, Mauer Gonzalez-Chica, David A. Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela Gonzalez-Rivas, Juan P. and Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio Gonzalez-Villalpando, Maria-Elena and Gonzalez, Angel R. Bonet Gorbea, Mariano Gottrand, Frederic and Graff-Iversen, Sidsel Grafnetter, Dusan Grajda, Aneta and Grammatikopoulou, Maria G. Gregor, Ronald D. Grodzicki, Tomasz and Grosso, Giuseppe Gruden, Gabriella Gu, Dongfeng Guan, Ong Peng Gudmundsson, Elias F. Gudnason, Vilmundur Guerrero, Ramiro Guessous, Idris Guimaraes, Andre L. Gulliford, Martin C. Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna Gunter, Marc J. Gupta, Prakash C. Gupta, Rajeev Gureje, Oye Gurzkowska, Beata and Gutierrez, Laura Gutzwiller, Felix Ha, Seongjun Hadaegh, Farzad Haghshenas, Rosa Hakimi, Hamid Halkjaer, Jytte and Hambleton, Ian R. Hamzeh, Behrooz Hange, Dominique Hanif, Abu A. M. Hantunen, Sari Hao, Jie Hardman, Carla Meneses and Kumar, Rachakulla Hari Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad Hata, Jun and Haugsgjerd, Teresa Hayes, Alison J. He, Jiang He, Yuna and Heier, Margit Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth Henrique, Rafael dos Santos Henriques, Ana Cadena, Leticia Hernandez Herrala, Sauli Heshmat, Ramin Hill, Allan G. Ho, Sai Yin Ho, Suzanne C. Hobbs, Michael Holdsworth, Michelle Homayounfar, Reza Dinc, Gonul Horasan Horimoto, Andrea R. V. R. Hormiga, Claudia M. Horta, Bernardo L. Houti, Leila Howitt, Christina and Htay, Thein Thein Htet, Aung Soe Htike, Maung Maung Than and Hu, Yonghua Huerta, Jose Maria Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani and Huiart, Laetitia Huisman, Martijn Husseini, Abdullatif S. and Huybrechts, Inge Hwalla, Nahla Iacoviello, Licia Iannone, Anna G. Ibrahim, Mohsen M. Wong, Norazizah Ibrahim Ikeda, Nayu Ikram, M. Arfan Iotova, Violeta Irazola, Vilma E. and Ishida, Takafumi Isiguzo, Godsent C. Islam, Muhammad Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Iwasaki, Masanori Jackson, Rod T. and Jacobs, Jeremy M. Jaddou, Hashem Y. Jafar, Tazeen James, Kenneth Jamrozik, Konrad Janszky, Imre Janus, Edward and Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta Jasienska, Grazyna Jelakovic, Ana and Jelakovic, Bojan Jennings, Garry Jha, Anjani Kumar Jiang, Chao Qiang Jimenez, Ramon O. Joeckel, Karl-Heinz Joffres, Michel Johansson, Mattias Jokelainen, Jari J. Jonas, Jost B. and Jorgensen, Torben Joshi, Pradeep Joukar, Farahnaz and Jozwiak, Jacek Juolevi, Anne Jurak, Gregor Juresa, Vesna and Kaaks, Rudolf Kafatos, Anthony Kajantie, Eero O. and Kalmatayeva, Zhanna Kalpourtzi, Natasa Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra and Kampmann, Freja B. Kannan, Srinivasan Karaglani, Eva and Karhus, Line L. Karki, Khem B. Katibeh, Marzieh Katz, Joanne and Kauhanen, Jussi Kaur, Prabhdeep Kavousi, Maryam and Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M. Keil, Ulrich Boker, Lital Keinan and Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka Kelishadi, Roya Kemper, Han C. G. and Kengne, Andre P. 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Kutsenko, Vladimir Kuulasmaa, Kari Kyobutungi, Catherine Laatikainen, Tiina Lachat, Carl Laid, Youcef Lam, Tai Hing Landrove, Orlando Lanska, Vera Lappas, Georg Larijani, Bagher and Latt, Tint Swe Laxmaiah, Avula Le Coroller, Gwenaelle Khanh Le Nguyen Bao Le, Tuyen D. Lee, Jeannette Lee, Jeonghee and Lehmann, Nils Lehtimaki, Terho Lemogoum, Daniel Levitt, Naomi S. Li, Yanping Lilly, Christa L. Lim, Wei-Yen and Lima-Costa, M. Fernanda Lin, Hsien-Ho Lin, Xu Lin, Yi-Ting and Lind, Lars Lingam, Vijaya Linneberg, Allan Lissner, Lauren Litwin, Mieczyslaw Lo, Wei-Cheng Loit, Helle-Mai and Lopez-Garcia, Esther Lopez, Tania Lotufo, Paulo A. Lozano, Jose Eugenio Lovrencic, Iva Lukacevic Lukrafka, Janice L. and Luksiene, Dalia Lundqvist, Annamari Lundqvist, Robert Lunet, Nuno Lustigova, Michala Luszczki, Edyta Ma, Guansheng and Ma, Jun Machado-Coelho, George L. L. Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M. Macia, Enguerran Macieira, Luisa M. Madar, Ahmed A. Maggi, Stefania Magliano, Dianna J. 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Benchekor, Sounnia Mediene Medzioniene, Jurate Mehdipour, Parinaz and Mehlig, Kirsten Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang Meirhaeghe, Aline and Meisinger, Christa Mendoza Montano, Carlos Menezes, Ana Maria B. and Menon, Geetha R. Mereke, Alibek Meshram, Indrapal I. and Metspalu, Andres Meyer, Haakon E. Mi, Jie Michels, Nathalie and Mikkel, Kairit Milkowska, Karolina Miller, Jody C. and Minderico, Claudia S. Mini, G. K. Miranda, J. Jaime and Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza Mirrakhimov, Erkin Misigoj-Durakovic, Marjeta Modesti, Pietro A. Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi Mohajer, Bahram Mohamed, Mostafa K. Mohamed, Shukri F. Mohammad, Kazem Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Zahra and Mohammadifard, Noushin Mohammadpourhodki, Reza Mohan, Viswanathan Mohanna, Salim Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd and Mohebbi, Iraj Mohebi, Farnam Moitry, Marie Mollehave, Line T. Molnar, Denes Momenan, Amirabbas Mondo, Charles K. and Monterrubio-Flores, Eric Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K. Moon, Jin Soo Moosazadeh, Mahmood Moreira, Leila B. Morejon, Alain and Moreno, Luis A. Morgan, Karen Moschonis, George Mossakowska, Malgorzata Mostafa, Aya Mostafavi, Seyed-Ali Mota, Jorge and Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel Motta, Jorge Andre Moura-dos-Santos, Marcos Mridha, Malay K. Msyamboza, Kelias P. Mu, Thet Thet and Muhihi, Alfa J. Muiesan, Maria L. Muller-Nurasyid, Martina and Murphy, Neil Mursu, Jaakko Musa, Kamarul Imran and Milanovic, Sanja Music Musil, Vera Mustafa, Norlaila and Nabipour, Iraj Naderimagham, Shohreh Nagel, Gabriele Naidu, Balkish M. Najafi, Farid Nakamura, Harunobu Namesna, Jana and Nang, Ei Ei K. Nangia, Vinay B. Narake, Sameer Ndiaye, Ndeye Coumba Neal, William A. Nejatizadeh, Azim Nenko, Ilona and Neovius, Martin Neuhauser, Hannelore K. Nguyen, Chung T. and Nguyen, Nguyen D. Nguyen, Quang V. Quang Ngoc Nguyen and Nieto-Martinez, Ramfis E. Niiranen, Teemu J. Nikitin, Yury P. and Ninomiya, Toshiharu Nishtar, Sania Njelekela, Marina A. and Noale, Marianna Noboa, Oscar A. Noorbala, Ahmad Ali Norat, Teresa Nordendahl, Maria Nordestgaard, Borge G. Noto, Davide and Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia Al Nsour, Mohannad Nunes, Baltazar O'Neill, Terence W. O'Reilly, Dermot Ochimana, Caleb Oda, Eiji Odili, Augustine N. Oh, Kyungwon Ohara, Kumiko Ohtsuka, Ryutaro Olie, Valerie Olinto, Maria Teresa A. Oliveira, Isabel O. Omar, Mohd Azahadi Onat, Altan and Ong, Sok King Ono, Lariane M. Ordunez, Pedro Ornelas, Rui and Ortiz, Pedro J. Osmond, Clive Ostojic, Sergej M. and Ostovar, Afshin Otero, Johanna A. Overvad, Kim Owusu-Dabo, Ellis Paccaud, Fred Michel Padez, Cristina Pahomova, Elena and de Paiva, Karina Mary Pajak, Andrzej Palli, Domenico and Palmieri, Luigi Pan, Wen-Harn Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra and Panza, Francesco Paoli, Mariela Papandreou, Dimitrios Park, Soon-Woo Park, Suyeon Parnell, Winsome R. Parsaeian, Mahboubeh Pasquet, Patrick Patel, Nikhil D. Pavlyshyn, Halyna Pecin, Ivan Pednekar, Mangesh S. Pedro, Joao M. and Peer, Nasheeta Peixoto, Sergio Viana Peltonen, Markku and Pereira, Alexandre C. Peres, Karen G. D. A. Peres, Marco A. and Peters, Annette Petkeviciene, Janina Peykari, Niloofar Son Thai Pham Pichardo, Rafael N. Pigeot, Iris Pikhart, Hynek and Pilav, Aida Pilotto, Lorenza Pitakaka, Freda Piwonska, Aleksandra Pizarro, Andreia N. Plans-Rubio, Pedro Polasek, Ozren Porta, Miquel Poudyal, Anil Pourfarzi, Farhad and Pourshams, Akram Poustchi, Hossein Pradeepa, Rajendra Price, Alison J. Price, Jacqueline F. Providencia, Rui Puhakka, Soile E. Puiu, Maria Punab, Margus Qasrawi, Radwan F. and Qorbani, Mostafa Queiroz, Daniel Tran Quoc Bao Radic, Ivana and Radisauskas, Ricardas Rahimikazerooni, Salar Rahman, Mahfuzar Raitakari, Olli Raj, Manu Rakhimova, Ellina M. and Rao, Sudha Ramachandra Ramachandran, Ambady Ramos, Elisabete and Rampal, Lekhraj Rampal, Sanjay Rangel Reina, Daniel A. and Rarra, Vayia Rech, Cassiano Ricardo Redon, Josep Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M. Regecova, Valeria Revilla, Luis and Rezaianzadeh, Abbas Ribeiro, Robespierre Riboli, Elio and Richter, Adrian Rigo, Fernando de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke and Ritti-Dias, Raphael M. Robitaille, Cynthia Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, Maria Rodriguez-Villamizar, Laura A. Roggenbuck, Ulla Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba Romaguera, Dora Romeo, Elisabetta L. Rosengren, Annika Roy, Joel G. 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Sepanlou, Sadaf G. and Servais, Jennifer Shalnova, Svetlana A. Shamah-Levy, Teresa and Shamshirgaran, Morteza Shanthirani, Coimbatore Subramaniam and Sharafkhah, Maryam Sharma, Sanjib K. Shaw, Jonathan E. and Shayanrad, Amaneh Shayesteh, Ali Akbar Shi, Zumin Shibuya, Kenji Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana Shin, Dong Wook Shirani, Majid and Shiri, Rahman Shrestha, Namuna Si-Ramlee, Khairil Siani, Alfonso Siantar, Rosalynn Sibai, Abla M. de Moura Silva, Caroline Ramos Santos Silva, Diego Augusto Simon, Mary and Simons, Judith Simons, Leon A. Sjostrom, Michael and Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw Smeeth, Liam and So, Hung-Kwan Soares, Fernanda Cunha Sobngwi, Eugene and Soderberg, Stefan Soemantri, Agustinus Sofat, Reecha and Solfrizzi, Vincenzo Somi, Mohammad Hossein Sonestedt, Emily and Song, Yi Sorensen, Thorkild I. A. Sorgjerd, Elin P. Soric, Maroje Jerome, Charles Sossa Soumare, Aicha Sparboe-Nilsen, Bente Sparrenberger, Karen Staessen, Jan A. 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Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul and Zamani, Farhad Zambon, Sabina Zampelas, Antonis Elisa Zapata, Maria Zaw, Ko Ko Zdrojewski, Tomasz Zejglicova, Kristyna Vrkic, Tajana Zeljkovic Zeng, Yi Zhang, Luxia and Zhang, Zhen-Yu Zhao, Dong Zhao, Ming-Hui Zhen, Shiqi and Zheng, Yingfeng Zholdin, Bekbolat Zhu, Dan Zins, Marie and Zitt, Emanuel Zocalo, Yanina Zoghlami, Nada Zuniga Cisneros, Julio NCD Risk Factor Collaboration

Abstract

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Copyright (C) 2021 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier.

Published
2021

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