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There is a steady trend towards de-escalation of surgical intervention in the breast cancer treatment strategy. At first, this topic concerned the de-velopment and implementation of methods of organ-preserving operations on the mammary gland itself. With the advent of the concept and the development of the sentinel lymph node biopsy technique, the problem of performing a gentle lymphadenectomy with the prevalence of the cN0 process was solved. In recent years, the most innovative technique has begun to develop, namely targeted lymphadenectomy, which allows per- forming economical interventions on the lymph pathways with the prevalence of the cN1→ypN0 process, that is, in the presence of a verified metastatic lymph node with complete clinical resorption of metastasis during neoadjuvant polychemotherapy. The article is devoted to the de- scription of the technique of performing targeted lymphadenectomy.