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Introduction: Pull-out suture, suture anchor, and open- wedge high tibial osteotomy have been widely used for surgical treatment of medial meniscus posterior root tear, and relatively good clinical results have been reported. However, radiologic and arthroscopic findings are not sufficient. This report describes the first case, to the best of our knowledge, of medial meniscus posterior root reconstruction and high tibial osteotomy for medial meniscus posterior root tear with varus knee. Case Report: A 78-year-old Japanese man was referred to our hospital due to the right popliteal pain. Plain radiography showed the mechanical axis percentage of the right limb to be 17%, indicating a varus mechanical axis. magnetic Magnetic resonance imaging noted a medial meniscus posterior root tear. Medial meniscus posterior root reconstruction and high tibial osteotomy were performed. His knee injury and osteoarthritis score improved from 22 points preoperatively to 91 points 1 year postoperatively. The graft had a good live induction and the medial meniscus hoop was maintained. Conclusion: This report is the first case, to the best of our knowledge, of medial meniscus posterior root reconstruction and high tibial osteotomy for medial meniscus posterior root tear with varus knee. This type surgical technique may be useful for a meniscus posterior root tear with varus knee. Keywords: Arthroscopy, high tibial osteotomy, knee, medial meniscus posterior root tear, meniscus reconstruction.

Introduction: Localized pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare and benign condition of synovial tissue proliferation that affects the joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae. This case report is the first to describe a patient with a diagnosis of localized PVNS of the knee after presentation with bilateral and simultaneous onset of associated knee pain. Case Report: A 28-year-old Japanese woman presented to our hospital with a 1-year history of bilateral knee pain and right knee locking that started 1 month ago. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a mass lesion in both the anterior compartment of the right knee and in the posterior compartments of the left knee. Arthroscopic resection of the lesions was performed, and the diagnosis of localized PVNS was made by pathological analysis. At the 6-month follow-up, no evidence of recurrence was noted. Conclusion: This case report describes localized PVNS of the bilateral knee, which is extremely rare. PVNS is a disease requiring surgical resection and should not be overlooked. It should be treated with the possibility of bilateral occurrence in mind.

Popliteal tendinitis causes lateral knee pain. A cause is impingement of the popliteal tendon by lateral femoral condylar osteophytes. Conservative and surgical treatments have been reported; however, popliteal impingement is a relatively rare disease, and no treatment has been established. Reduction of mechanical stress is important in the treatment of impingement syndromes. The popliteal tendon is an important tissue that contributes to knee stability and, therefore, usually cannot be transected. On the other hand, osteophyte resection may allow the reduction of mechanical stress. Therefore, we describe an arthroscopic osteophyte resection technique for the treatment of osteophyte-induced popliteal impingement. In brief, this technique involves confirmation of popliteal impingement, osteophyte resection using an osteotome, smoothening of the resected area, and confirmation of the resolution of popliteal impingement.

Repair of medial meniscus posterior root tear is important in preventing rapid progression of knee osteoarthritis. There are many repair techniques for medial meniscus posterior root tears, and good clinical results have been reported. Conversely, in terms of improving extrusion and healing meniscal injuries, sufficient results have not been obtained. Reconstruction of the medial meniscus posterior root can restore meniscal hoop action and normal knee biomechanics. Moreover, pull-out repair technique provides strong traction. We describe arthroscopic medial meniscus posterior root reconstruction and pull-out repair technique combined technique for medial meniscus root tear.

Background Immunodeficient patients are recommended to receive pneumococcal vaccination. However, there is limited evidence showing effectiveness of the polysaccharide vaccine. Polysaccharide vaccination has shown an association with cardiovascular event risk reduction. We assessed the efficacy of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) in relation to the risk of hospitalization and death due to pneumonia and acute cardiac events. Methods The medical records of all dialysis patients attending our 8 study centers in 2010 were studied, and we selected 1038 consecutive patients. One-to-one propensity score matching was used to correct for potential selection bias in a PPSV23-vaccinated group versus a non-vaccinated group, and a total of 510 patients were identified for outcome analysis. Time to first admission, or deaths due to all-cause pneumonia or cardiac events until 2015 were compared between both groups. Results The all-cause death rate was significantly decreased in the PPSV23-vaccinated group, (hazard ratio [HR] 0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.46–0.83, P = 0.002). All-cause death was considered to be a competing risk for the other outcomes. Further outcomes were evaluated by competing risk analysis adjusting for mortality. There was no statistically significant difference in the hospitalization rate for pneumonia; however, the hospitalization rate due to cardiac events was significantly lower in the PPSV23-vaccinated group than in the non-vaccinated group (HR 0.44, 95% CI; 0.20–0.96, P = 0.040). There was no statistically significant difference in the death rate due to pneumonia; however, the rate of cardiac death was significantly lower in the PPSV23-vaccinated group than in the non-vaccinated group (HR 0.36, 95% CI; 0.18–0.71, P = 0.003). Conclusions The PPSV23 vaccination is associated with a good prognosis and a low-risk of cardiac events in dialysis patients; however, there was no evidence indicating enhanced protective efficacy against pneumonia, suggesting the PPSV23 vaccination might improve the prognosis by directly preventing cardiovascular events.

We tackle the task of automatically generating a function name from source code. Existing generators face difficulties in generating low-frequency or out-of-vocabulary subwords. In this paper, we propose two strategies for copying low-frequency or out-of-vocabulary subwords in inputs. Our best performing model showed an improvement over the conventional method in terms of our modified F1 and accuracy on the Java-small and Java-large datasets., 12 pages, accepted to COLING2020

In community-based question answering (CQA) platforms, it takes time for a user to get useful information from among many answers. Although one solution is an answer ranking method, the user still needs to read through the top-ranked answers carefully. This paper proposes a new task of selecting a diverse and non-redundant answer set rather than ranking the answers. Our method is based on determinantal point processes (DPPs), and it calculates the answer importance and similarity between answers by using BERT. We built a dataset focusing on a Japanese CQA site, and the experiments on this dataset demonstrated that the proposed method outperformed several baseline methods., Comment: COLING2020, 12 pages

In this paper, the multi-turn coil used in a wireless power transfer (WPT) device is modeled as a uniform material using the homogenization method to consider the proximity effect. By fitting the coil impedance to the numerical results, the Cauer equivalent circuit of the multi-turn coil is synthesized for the design and optimization of the power circuits in the WPT device. It is shown that the results obtained from the equivalent circuit and measurement are in good agreement. Moreover, the impedance of a flat WPT coil composed of a Litz wire is shown to be accurately evaluated by the proposed method when the contribution of capacitance is negligible.

A magnetically shielded wire (MSW), which has magnetic-conductive thin layers on the surface of a wire conductor, is expected to reduce the eddy current losses due to the proximity effect. The conventional finite-element method (FEM) needs unacceptably long computational time to analyze eddy currents in multi-turn MSWs. This paper proposes a homogenization method, which models MSW as a uniform material with complex permeability. The coil impedance evaluated by the homogenization-based FEM with coarse elements is shown to agree well with that obtained by the conventional FEM with much finer elements. Moreover, the optimal shield thickness is determined by the proposed method.

We demonstrated the power scaling of a passively Q-switched Pr

We investigated whether P r : Y A l O 3 and P r : Y 3 A l 5 O 12 (YAG) can work as gain media for high-power visible lasers and replace trivalent praseodymium (Pr)-doped fluoride crystals, with particular focus on thermal loading resistivity. P r : Y A l O 3 exhibits a high laser gain at 747 nm, and we obtained a maximum output power of 1.2 W and a slope efficiency of 26.7% with high-power GaN laser diode pumping. Excited state absorption and large phonon energy hinder laser oscillation of Pr:YAG at room temperature. We obtained 616 nm laser oscillation of Pr:YAG at 40 K. Furthermore, we achieved a visible laser with Pr:YAG ceramics for the first time. The maximum output power is ∼ 30 m W with a slope efficiency of ∼ 0.7 % .

We demonstrated the power scaling of a passively Q-switched Pr3+:LiYF4 (YLF) laser at 523, 607, and 640 nm with a Co2+:MgAl2O4 (MALO) saturable absorber and analyzed the experimental results with a numerical simulation based on rate equations. A maximum pulse energy of 33.5 µJ was obtained with a pulse width of 30.9 ns and a repetition rate of 64.0 kHz at 640 nm. We demonstrated ultraviolet pulse generation at 261 and 320 nm by intracavity frequency doubling and obtained 63.3-ns pulses with a pulse energy of 7.0 µJ and a repetition rate of 64.6 kHz at 320 nm as well as 356-ns 261-nm pulses with a pulse energy of 0.2 µJ at a repetition rate of 82.0 kHz. To the best of our knowledge, a 261-nm pulse is the shortest wavelength laser directly generated from the intracavity second-harmonic generation of passively Q-switched lasers.

We demonstrate the high-power continuous-wave operation of a Pr3+:YLF laser end pumped by blue laser diodes. As the pump source, we used four 5 W single-emitter blue laser diodes and a >20 W fiber-coupled module. In single-emitter-diode pumping, we obtained pump-limited output powers of 6.7 and 3.7 W at 640 and 607 nm, respectively. We successfully suppressed thermal aberration and obtained an output power of 3.4 W at a slope efficiency of 25% at 640 nm with good beam quality in the fiber-coupled module pumping.

The presence of myeloid bodies in electron microscopy is a characteristic finding of Fabry's disease. Here, we present a male patient, whose renal biopsy findings suggested the coexistence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and Fabry's disease, because of the presence of segmental hyalinosis and/or sclerosis in glomeruli and myeloid bodies in electron microscopy. But finally, Fabry's disease was excluded as a diagnosis because the α-galactosidase A activity in leukocyte and plasma in this patient was within normal limits. After renal biopsy, although he received medication including steroid therapy, his renal function gradually decreased to end-stage renal failure and hemodialysis was initiated. Until now, he does not exhibit any specific symptoms. In conclusion, our case suggests that occasional myeloid bodies in renal biopsy specimens should be interpreted with caution.

In diesel engines, ignition delay is determined as the period between fuel injection and ignition. The ignition delay affects the initial combustion and the following combustion process. In this study, the gas fuel (propane, methane or hydrogen) mixed with air was induced into the cylinder and the light oil was injected as ignition source. Here, the ignition delay in this kind of engine was focused as a basic study. Even in the dual fuel like this engine, the ignition delay time is predicted by changing the value of the constant, A in Livengood-Wu equation while the others constants is the same in an ordinary diesel engine. Ignition delay becomes long in air/methane or air/propane mixture because the temperature at injection timing of light oil decreases. In air/hydrogen mixture, the ratio of specific heats increases slightly, however, the mole fraction of oxygen decreases due to decrease of the mass of air. Therefore, the ignition delay in air/hydrogen mixture is a little longer than that in just air. When the light oil is injected near at top dead center, slight heat release appears due to the self-ignition of gas fuel and the cycle-to-cycle variations of the ignition delay and the following combustion increase.

Human parvovirus B19 (HPV B19) infection is well known as a cause of erythema infectiosum in children. Acute glomerulonephritis due to HPVB19 infection is rarely observed in adults. Here, we present the case of a 45-year-old female who showed acute glomerulonephritis induced by HPVB19 infection with various autoantibodies. She had proteinuria (175 mg/g creatinine) and hematuria (20-29 erythrocytes per high-power field) in a urinalysis, and various autoantibodies such as antinuclear antibodies, proteinase-3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (PR3-ANCA), antiglomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies, and anticardiolipin antibodies in a blood examination. A renal biopsy showed that endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis comprised of mononuclear cell infiltration. By using immunofluorescence microscopy, IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C4, and C1q deposits were detected mainly in glomerular capillaries. Electron-dense deposits were detected in the subendothelial area and mesangial area by using electron microscopy. All symptoms and abnormal laboratory data were self-improved. Our patient's case may provide a clue to the etiology of ANCA-associated vasculitis or lupus nephritis.

The number of air-borne bacteria in air ducts and barrierred laboratory animal rooms with the so-called econovent rotary heat exchanger, were checked monthly during a year by the pin-hole sumpler method for air ducts and Koch method for animal rooms. Also, concentration of ammonia was checked with the same samples by gas impinger. No significantly difference in number of air-borne bacteria was seen between before and after passing the econovent. Those passing through HEPA filter was not detected. There were more air-borne bacteria in animal rooms, outside locker room and shower room than in the corridor, utensil storage, inside locker room and pass box. No ammonia were detected in the outdoor, but exhaust air duct after passing the econovent contained very small amount of ammonia. On the other hand, high concentration of ammonia were preserved in the supplying air duct, exhaust air duct and mice and rats rooms, about 86% of ammonia in exhaust air duct returned back into the supplying air duct. No influences on reproduction in mice and rats were recognized.

The efficiency of the so-called econovent heat exchanging equipment located in the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, was measured as follows: The air velocity was decreased to about 64% of that with the fresh air ducts, but a sufficient air volume was supplied maintaining an air change of 12 times per hour or more. The efficiency of the econovent showed a little difference depending upon air conditioning systems. The average efficiencies were 81%, 75% and 76% for temperature, absolute humidity and enthalpy, respectively. The energy required for the air conditioning in this facility in September 1975 and January 1976 estimated by enthalpy hour almost agreed with that estimated using a calorie meter or steam meter. It was assumed that a total of 63% and 60% energy were saved in the cooling and heating seasons, respectively, using the econovent.

Twenty-six out of fifty pregnant rats died on days 18-20 of gestation at 33 degrees C environment. The death generally occurred in the dark period around 1-5 a.m. Shortly prior to the death, very high body temperature of 42.0-43.7 degrees C were recorded and the blood pressure was undetectably low. In autopsy, the finding in the main was the congestion in lungs and liver. In temporal changes of body temperature and heart rate, influences of hot environment were observed, but there was no significant difference between dead pregnant group and delivered pregnant group at 33 degrees C environment. At 23 degrees C, the blood pressure of pregnant rats starting at about 140 mmHg level, reached 160-168 mmHg on day 12 of gestation and maintained the level to day 16. On day 18, the pressure returned to 140-145 mmHg and unchanged to term. At 33 degrees C, significant differences were obviously observed between dead group and delivered group in temporal changes of blood pressure. The blood pressure of rats delivered sharply increased to 170 mmHg or more in the middle stage of pregnancy and decreased to about 140 mmHg in the final stage. However, these of dead group increased to 160 mmHg or less in the middle stage of pregnancy, and maintained the level until the final stage.

The relation of the rate of circulating air change to room temperature and relative humidity in animal quarters with a central air-conditioning system during heating and cooling seasons was investigated, with the results as follows: During the period of heating, the ambient temperature generally rose with a fall of relative humidity as the number of conditioned air changes per hour was increased. Vertical differences in temperature and humidity between levels of 0.5 and 1.5 m above the floor also diminished with increasing air change rate. This tendency was more conspicuous in small animals rooms with outer walls facing north and west. With increasing rate of air changes, the room temperature was prone to decline and the relative humidity to rise during the period of cooling. There were less vertical differences in temperature and humidity during this period. The velocity of air circulation within the animal quarters and its variations tended to increase progressively with increasing rate of ventilation, though the changes were modest.

Two consecutive generations of mice were raised at graded room temperatures ranging from 12 to 32 degrees C at intervals of 2 degrees C. The delivery rate decreased at 30 and 32 degrees C, and the litter size and weaning rate decreased above 28 degrees C. No significant difference was demonstrated within the 12-26 degrees C range for any reproduction parameters observed. The body weights of the first-generation mice born at 22 degrees C and transferred to rooms at assigned temperature did not significantly differ within the 14-28 degrees C range after 8 and 16 weeks of exposure. The second-generation mice born and reared at various temperature levels did not show significant inter-group difference in weight within the 20-26 degrees C range at any age in the growth period. No significant inter-group difference was observed within the 20-26 degrees C range in respect of food and water intakes in the second-generation mice. Hematological values and organ weights in the first and second generation mice of both sexes did not significantly differ in any parameter within the 20-26 degrees C range. The results suggest the temperature range of 20-26 degrees C to be optimal for laboratory mouse rooms.

The relation between blood pressure and delivery in pregnant rats was investigated when the blood pressure of pregnant rats was controlled by a pressor or antihypertensive drug in the middle or final stage of pregnancy. All of the pregnant rats studied delivered in a 23 degrees C environment in spite of blood pressure control by a pressor or antihypertensive drug. At 33 degrees C, the pregnant rats were divided into two groups whose blood pressure was increased severely (160-175 mm Hg) or moderately (145-155 mm Hg) at 10 days of pregnancy. Those in the former group delivered, but those in the latter died in the final stage of pregnancy. When the pregnant rats in the group with high blood pressure on day 10 were treated with a antihypertensive drug in the middle stage of pregnancy or with a pressor drug in the final stage, the mortality rate was 100 per cent in both cases. The delivery rate was 57 per cent when the pregnant rats were treated with a antihypertensive drug from the middle to the final stage of pregnancy. In the group with low blood pressure on day 10, all of the pregnant rats delivered when they were treated with a pressor drug in the middle stage of pregnancy. However, the delivery rate was 89 per cent when the pregnant rats were treated with antihypertensive drug in the final stage of pregnancy.