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1. Malian field isolates provide insight into Plasmodium malariae intra-erythrocytic development and invasion.

Author

Francois Dao, Amadou Niangaly, Fanta Sogore, Mamadou Wague, Djeneba Dabitao, Siaka Goita, Aboubacrin S Hadara, Ousmaila Diakite, Mohamed Maiga, Fatoumata O Maiga, Chantal Cazevieille, Cecile Cassan, Arthur M Talman, Abdoulaye A Djimde, Alejandro Marin-Menendez, and Laurent Dembélé

Subjects
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Plasmodium malariae is the third most prevalent human malaria parasite species and contributes significantly to morbidity. Nevertheless, our comprehension of this parasite's biology remains limited, primarily due to its frequent co-infections with other species and the lack of a continuous in vitro culture system. To effectively combat and eliminate this overlooked parasite, it is imperative to acquire a better understanding of this species. In this study, we embarked on an investigation of P. malariae, including exploring its clinical disease characteristics, molecular aspects of red blood cell (RBC) invasion, and host-cell preferences. We conducted our research using parasites collected from infected individuals in Mali. Our findings revealed anaemia in most of P. malariae infected participants presented, in both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases. Regarding RBC invasion, quantified by an adapted flow cytometry based method, our study indicated that none of the seven antibodies tested, against receptors known for their role in P. falciparum invasion, had any impact on the ability of P. malariae to penetrate the host cells. However, when RBCs were pre-treated with various enzymes (neuraminidase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin), we observed a significant reduction in P. malariae invasion, albeit not a complete blockade. Furthermore, in a subset of P. malariae samples, we observed the parasite's capability to invade reticulocytes. These results suggest that P. malariae employs alternative pathways to enter RBCs of different maturities, which may differ from those used by P. falciparum.

Published
2025
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2. Towards clinically relevant dose ratios for Cabamiquine and Pyronaridine combination using P. falciparum field isolate data

Author

Mohamed Maiga, Laurent Dembele, Perrine Courlet, Akash Khandelwal, Antoine Dara, Fanta Sogore, Ousmaila Diakité, Fatoumata O. Maiga, François Dao, Sekou Sissoko, Yacouba Barre, Siaka Goita, Mahamadou Diakite, Seidina A. S. Diakite, Abdoulaye A. Djimde, Claude Oeuvray, Thomas Spangenberg, Sebastian G. Wicha, and Claudia Demarta-Gatsi

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract The selection and combination of dose regimens for antimalarials involve complex considerations including pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions. In this study, we use immediate ex vivo P. falciparum field isolates to evaluate the effect of cabamiquine and pyronaridine as standalone treatments and in combination therapy. We feed the data into a pharmacometrics model to generate an interaction map and simulate meaningful clinical dose ratios. We demonstrate that the pharmacometrics model of parasite growth and killing provides a detailed description of parasite kinetics against cabamiquine-susceptible and resistant parasites. Pyronaridine monotherapy provides suboptimal killing rates at doses as high as 720 mg. In contrast, the combination of a single dose of 330 mg cabamiquine and 360 mg pyronaridine provides over 90% parasite killing in most of the simulated patients. The described methodology that combines a rapid, 3R-compliant in vitro method and modelling to set meaningful doses for new antimalarials could contribute to clinical drug development.

Published
2024
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3. The Prevalence of Human Plasmodium Species during Peak Transmission Seasons from 2016 to 2021 in the Rural Commune of Ntjiba, Mali

Author

Francois Dao, Laurent Dembele, Bakoroba Diarra, Fanta Sogore, Alejandro Marin-Menendez, Siaka Goita, Aboubacrin S. Haidara, Yacouba N. Barre, Cheick P. O. Sangare, Aminatou Kone, Dinkorma T. Ouologuem, Antoine Dara, Mamadou M. Tekete, Arthur M. Talman, and Abdoulaye A. Djimde

Subjects
Plasmodium, epidemiology, transmission, seasonality, Medicine
Abstract

Up-to-date knowledge of key epidemiological aspects of each Plasmodium species is necessary for making informed decisions on targeted interventions and control strategies to eliminate each of them. This study aims to describe the epidemiology of plasmodial species in Mali, where malaria is hyperendemic and seasonal. Data reports collected during high-transmission season over six consecutive years were analyzed to summarize malaria epidemiology. Malaria species and density were from blood smear microscopy. Data from 6870 symptomatic and 1740 asymptomatic participants were analyzed. The median age of participants was 12 years, and the sex ratio (male/female) was 0.81. Malaria prevalence from all Plasmodium species was 65.20% (95% CI: 60.10–69.89%) and 22.41% (CI: 16.60–28.79%) for passive and active screening, respectively. P. falciparum was the most prevalent species encountered in active and passive screening (59.33%, 19.31%). This prevalence was followed by P. malariae (1.50%, 1.15%) and P. ovale (0.32%, 0.06%). Regarding frequency, P. falciparum was more frequent in symptomatic individuals (96.77% vs. 93.24%, p = 0.014). In contrast, P. malariae was more frequent in asymptomatic individuals (5.64% vs. 2.45%, p < 0.001). P. ovale remained the least frequent species (less than 1%), and no P. vivax was detected. The most frequent coinfections were P. falciparum and P. malariae (0.56%). Children aged 5–9 presented the highest frequency of P. falciparum infections (41.91%). Non-falciparum species were primarily detected in adolescents (10–14 years) with frequencies above 50%. Only P. falciparum infections had parasitemias greater than 100,000 parasites per µL of blood. P. falciparum gametocytes were found with variable prevalence across age groups. Our data highlight that P. falciparum represented the first burden, but other non-falciparum species were also important. Increasing attention to P. malariae and P. ovale is essential if malaria elimination is to be achieved.

Published
2023
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4. Temporal dynamic of malaria in a suburban area along the Niger River

Author

Mahamadou Soumana Sissoko, Kourane Sissoko, Bourama Kamate, Yacouba Samake, Siaka Goita, Abdoulaye Dabo, Mama Yena, Nadine Dessay, Renaud Piarroux, Ogobara K. Doumbo, and Jean Gaudart

Subjects
Malaria, Transmission heterogeneity, Environmental risk factors, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Even if rainfall and temperature are factors classically associated to malaria, little is known about other meteorological factors, their variability and combinations related to malaria, in association with river height variations. Furthermore, in suburban area, urbanization and growing population density should be assessed in relation to these environmental factors. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of combined environmental, meteorological and hydrological factors on malaria incidence through time in the context of urbanization. Methods Population observational data were prospectively collected. Clinical malaria was defined as the presence of parasites in addition to clinical symptoms. Meteorological and hydrological factors were measured daily. For each factors variation indices were estimated. Urbanization was yearly estimated assessing satellite imaging and field investigations. Principal component analysis was used for dimension reduction and factors combination. Lags between malaria incidences and the main components were assessed by cross-correlation functions. Generalized additive model was used to assess relative impact of different environmental components, taking into account lags, and modelling non-linear relationships. Change-point analysis was used to determine transmission periods within years. Results Malaria incidences were dominated by annual periodicity and varied through time without modification of the dynamic, with no impact of the urbanization. The main meteorological factor associated with malaria was a combination of evaporation, humidity and rainfall, with a lag of 3 months. The relationship between combined temperature factors showed a linear impact until reaching high temperatures limiting malaria incidence, with a lag 3.25 months. Height and variation of the river were related to malaria incidence (respectively 6 week lag and no lag). Conclusions The study emphasizes no decreasing trend of malaria incidence despite accurate access to care and control strategies in accordance to international recommendations. Furthermore, no decreasing trend was showed despite the urbanization of the area. Malaria transmission remain increase 3 months after the beginning of the dry season. Addition to evaporation versus humidity/rainfall, nonlinear relationship for temperature and river height and variations have to be taken into account when implementing malaria control programmes.

Published
2017
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5. A Novel Ex Vivo Drug Assay for Assessing the Transmission-Blocking Activity of Compounds on Field-Isolated Plasmodium falciparum Gametocytes

Author

Dinkorma T. Ouologuem, Laurent Dembele, Antoine Dara, Aminatou K. Kone, Nouhoum Diallo, Cheick P. O. Sangare, Fatoumata I. Ballo, François Dao, Siaka Goita, Aboubecrin S. Haidara, Aliou Traore, Amadou B. Niangaly, Souleymane Dama, Sekou Sissoko, Fanta Sogore, Jacob N. Dara, Yacouba N. Barre, Amadou Daou, Fatoumata Cisse, Ousmaila Diakite, Diagassan Doumbia, Sekou Koumare, Bakary Fofana, Fatalmoudou Tandina, Daman Sylla, Adama Sacko, Mamadou Coulibaly, Mamadou M. Tekete, Amed Ouattara, and Abdoulaye A. Djimde

Subjects
Pharmacology, Infectious Diseases, Pharmacology (medical)
Abstract

The discovery and development of transmission-blocking therapies challenge malaria elimination and necessitate standard and reproducible bioassays to measure the blocking properties of antimalarial drugs and candidate compounds. Most of the current bioassays evaluating the transmission-blocking activity of compounds rely on laboratory-adapted Plasmodium strains.

Published
2022
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6. A Novel

Author

Dinkorma T, Ouologuem, Laurent, Dembele, Antoine, Dara, Aminatou K, Kone, Nouhoum, Diallo, Cheick P O, Sangare, Fatoumata I, Ballo, François, Dao, Siaka, Goita, Aboubecrin S, Haidara, Aliou, Traore, Amadou B, Niangaly, Souleymane, Dama, Sekou, Sissoko, Fanta, Sogore, Jacob N, Dara, Yacouba N, Barre, Amadou, Daou, Fatoumata, Cisse, Ousmaila, Diakite, Diagassan, Doumbia, Sekou, Koumare, Bakary, Fofana, Fatalmoudou, Tandina, Daman, Sylla, Adama, Sacko, Mamadou, Coulibaly, Mamadou M, Tekete, Amed, Ouattara, and Abdoulaye A, Djimde

Abstract

The discovery and development of transmission-blocking therapies challenge malaria elimination and necessitate standard and reproducible bioassays to measure the blocking properties of antimalarial drugs and candidate compounds. Most of the current bioassays evaluating the transmission-blocking activity of compounds rely on laboratory-adapted

Published
2022

7. First detection of Leishmania major DNA in Sergentomyia (Spelaeomyia) darlingi from cutaneous leishmaniasis foci in Mali.

Author

Zohra Berdjane-Brouk, Abdoulaye K Koné, Abdoulaye A Djimdé, Rémi N Charrel, Christophe Ravel, Pascal Delaunay, Pascal del Giudice, Adama Z Diarra, Siala Doumbo, Siaka Goita, Mahamadou A Thera, Jérôme Depaquit, Pierre Marty, Ogobara K Doumbo, and Arezki Izri

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

BackgroundLeishmania major complex is the main causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) in the Old World. Phlebotomus papatasi and Phlebotomus duboscqi are recognized vectors of L. major complex in Northern and Southern Sahara, respectively. In Mali, ZCL due to L. major is an emerging public health problem, with several cases reported from different parts of the country. The main objective of the present study was to identify the vectors of Leishmania major in the Bandiagara area, in Mali.Methodology/principal findingsAn entomological survey was carried out in the ZCL foci of Bandiagara area. Sandflies were collected using CDC miniature light traps and sticky papers. In the field, live female Phlebotomine sandflies were identified and examined for the presence of promastigotes. The remaining sandflies were identified morphologically and tested for Leishmania by PCR in the ITS2 gene. The source of blood meal of the engorged females was determined using the cyt-b sequence. Out of the 3,259 collected sandflies, 1,324 were identified morphologically, and consisted of 20 species, of which four belonged to the genus Phlebotomus and 16 to the genus Sergentomyia. Leishmania major DNA was detected by PCR in 7 of the 446 females (1.6%), specifically 2 out of 115 Phlebotomus duboscqi specimens, and 5 from 198 Sergentomyia darlingi specimens. Human DNA was detected in one blood-fed female S. darlingi positive for L. major DNA.ConclusionOur data suggest the possible involvement of P. duboscqi and potentially S. darlingi in the transmission of ZCL in Mali.

Published
2012
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8. Pyronaridine–artesunate or dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine versus current first-line therapies for repeated treatment of uncomplicated malaria: a randomised, multicentre, open-label, longitudinal, controlled, phase 3b/4 trial

Author

Issiaka Soulama, Oumar B Traore, Désiré Kargougou, Malick Minkael Sylla, Hamadoun Diakite, Anders Björkman, San Maurice Ouattara, Boubou Sangare, Edith C Bougouma, Amidou Diarra, Harouna Soré, Frederic Nikiema, Sodiomon B. Sirima, Aissata Barry, Aboubacar S Coulibaly, Niawanlou Dara, Abdoul Habib Beavogui, Stéphane Picot, Anyirékun Fabrice Somé, Stephan Duparc, Abdoulaye Djimde, Steffen Borrmann, Ogobara K. Doumbo, Robert M Miller, Amadou H Togo, Samba Coumare, Noelie Henry, Bouran Sidibe, Issaka Sagara, Siaka Goita, Jean-Bosco Ouédraogo, Moise Kabore, Hamma Maiga, Issaka Zongo, José Pedro Gil, Mamadou Saliou Diallo, Jangsik Shin, Mohamed Lamine Alhousseini, Moctar Coulibaly, Bakary Fofana, Hamidou Niangaly, Moussa Djimde, Alassane Dicko, Colin J. Sutherland, Nouhoum Diallo, Isabelle Borghini-Fuhrer, Daouda Camara, Mohamed Keita, Yves D Compaore, Sekou Koumare, Modibo Diarra, Aliou Traore, Souleymane Dama, Amadou Bamadio, Ismaila Thera, Francois Dao, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Université de Bamako-Malaria Research and Training Centre, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme [Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso] (CNRFP), University of Science, Techniques, and Technologies [Bamako, Mali], Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Département de mathématiques, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK), Malaria Research and Training Center [Bamako, Mali], Université de Bamako, Département d'Epidémiologie des Affections parasitaires, Malaria Research and training center Université de Bamako, Mali, Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Faculté de Médecine de Bamako, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Radicaux Libres, Substrats Énergétiques et Physiopathologie Cérébrale, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, German Center for Infection Research - partner site Hannover-Braunschweig (DZIF), Royal Free and University College Medical School, Uppsala University, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm, Sweden], Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Bobo Dioulasso (INSSA), Université Polytechnique Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso (UNB), Département d'épidémiologie des affections parasitaires (DEAP), and Université de Bamako-Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC)-Facultés de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odonto-Stomatologie-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Artesunate, Plasmodium malariae, Rate ratio, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine, Longitudinal Studies, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, biology, General Medicine, Plasmodium ovale, Artemisinins, 3. Good health, Drug Combinations, Ethanolamines, Child, Preschool, Quinolines, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, 030106 microbiology, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Antimalarials, Internal medicine, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Naphthyridines, education, Pyronaridine, Fluorenes, business.industry, Artemether, Lumefantrine Drug Combination, Amodiaquine, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Malaria, chemistry, business
Abstract

Summary Background Artemether–lumefantrine and artesunate–amodiaquine are used as first-line artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in west Africa. Pyronaridine–artesunate and dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine are potentially useful for diversification of ACTs in this region, but further safety and efficacy data are required on malaria retreatment. Methods We did a randomised, multicentre, open-label, longitudinal, controlled phase 3b/4 clinical trial at seven tertiary centres in Burkina Faso, Guinea, and Mali. Eligible participants for first malaria episode and all retreatment episodes were adults and children aged 6 months and older with microscopically confirmed Plasmodium spp malaria (>0 to

Published
2018
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9. Temporal dynamic of malaria in a suburban area along the Niger River

Author

Nadine Dessay, Siaka Goita, Jean Gaudart, Yacouba Samake, Ogobara K. Doumbo, Abdoulaye Dabo, Renaud Piarroux, Mahamadou S. Sissoko, Mama Yena, Kourane Sissoko, Bourama Kamate, Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), Faculté de Médecine de Bamako, Département d'Epidémiologie des Affections parasitaires, Malaria Research and training center Université de Bamako, Mali, Université de Bamako, UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Dessay, Nadine, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)

Subjects
Meteorological Concepts, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Mali, Population density, 0302 clinical medicine, Water Cycle, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Dry season, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, Incidence, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 6. Clean water, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Seasons, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, Lag, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Context (language use), Environment, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Rivers, Urbanization, Transmission heterogeneity, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, [SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, lcsh:RC109-216, Environmental risk factors, education, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Research, Generalized additive model, medicine.disease, Malaria, 13. Climate action, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Environmental science, Parasitology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Physical geography, Hydrology
Abstract

Background Even if rainfall and temperature are factors classically associated to malaria, little is known about other meteorological factors, their variability and combinations related to malaria, in association with river height variations. Furthermore, in suburban area, urbanization and growing population density should be assessed in relation to these environmental factors. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of combined environmental, meteorological and hydrological factors on malaria incidence through time in the context of urbanization. Methods Population observational data were prospectively collected. Clinical malaria was defined as the presence of parasites in addition to clinical symptoms. Meteorological and hydrological factors were measured daily. For each factors variation indices were estimated. Urbanization was yearly estimated assessing satellite imaging and field investigations. Principal component analysis was used for dimension reduction and factors combination. Lags between malaria incidences and the main components were assessed by cross-correlation functions. Generalized additive model was used to assess relative impact of different environmental components, taking into account lags, and modelling non-linear relationships. Change-point analysis was used to determine transmission periods within years. Results Malaria incidences were dominated by annual periodicity and varied through time without modification of the dynamic, with no impact of the urbanization. The main meteorological factor associated with malaria was a combination of evaporation, humidity and rainfall, with a lag of 3 months. The relationship between combined temperature factors showed a linear impact until reaching high temperatures limiting malaria incidence, with a lag 3.25 months. Height and variation of the river were related to malaria incidence (respectively 6 week lag and no lag). Conclusions The study emphasizes no decreasing trend of malaria incidence despite accurate access to care and control strategies in accordance to international recommendations. Furthermore, no decreasing trend was showed despite the urbanization of the area. Malaria transmission remain increase 3 months after the beginning of the dry season. Addition to evaporation versus humidity/rainfall, nonlinear relationship for temperature and river height and variations have to be taken into account when implementing malaria control programmes.

Published
2017
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10. Dermatophytosis among Schoolchildren in Three Eco-climatic Zones of Mali

Author

Abdoulaye Djimde, Abdoulaye K. Kone, Ogobara K. Doumbo, Safiatou Niaré-Doumbo, Mahamadou A. Thera, Jean Gaudart, Siaka Goita, Oumar Coulibaly, Renaud Piarroux, Stéphane Ranque, Département d'Epidémiologie des Affections parasitaires, Malaria Research and training center Université de Bamako, Mali, Université de Bamako, Infections Parasitaires : Transmission, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutiques (IP-TPT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Service de Santé des Armées, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Malaria Research and Training Center, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odontostomatology, Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Santé des Armées-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and Gaudart, Jean

Subjects
Male, [MATH.MATH-PR] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Cross-sectional study, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mali, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, [STAT.AP] Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], Tinea, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medicine, Child, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Fungal Pathogens, education.field_of_study, [STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Schools, 3. Good health, Medical Microbiology, Physical Sciences, Statistics (Mathematics), medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:RC955-962, 030106 microbiology, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Schoolchildren, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Signs and Symptoms, Dermatophytosis, [SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Humans, Microsporum, Trichophyton, Statistical Methods, Students, education, Microbial Pathogens, Organisms, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Biology and Life Sciences, lcsh:RA1-1270, Humidity, medicine.disease, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Cross-Sectional Studies, Africa, Lesions, Population Groupings, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Mathematics, Demography, 0301 basic medicine, Climate, Geographical Locations, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, Risk Factors, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Sciences, Prevalence, [MATH.MATH-ST] Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], [STAT.ME] Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME], biology, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Fungal Diseases, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Educational Status, Female, Pathogens, [STAT.ME]Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME], [SDV.MP.PAR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Research Article, Microsporum audouinii, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Adolescent, Population, [MATH.MATH-DS] Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Mycology, Research and Analysis Methods, Sex Factors, Diagnostic Medicine, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Male gender, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, business.industry, Fungi, biology.organism_classification, Dermatology, [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, People and Places, Multivariate Analysis, Tinea capitis, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract

Background Dermatophytosis, and particularly the subtype tinea capitis, is common among African children; however, the risk factors associated with this condition are poorly understood. To describe the epidemiology of dermatophytosis in distinct eco-climatic zones, three cross-sectional surveys were conducted in public primary schools located in the Sahelian, Sudanian and Sudano-Guinean eco-climatic zones in Mali. Principal Findings Among 590 children (average age 9.7 years) the overall clinical prevalence of tinea capitis was 39.3%. Tinea capitis prevalence was 59.5% in the Sudano-Guinean zone, 41.6% in the Sudanian zone and 17% in the Sahelian eco-climatic zone. Microsporum audouinii was isolated primarily from large and/or microsporic lesions. Trichophyton soudanense was primarily isolated from trichophytic lesions. Based on the multivariate analysis, tinea capitis was independently associated with male gender (OR = 2.51, 95%CI [1.74–3.61], P, Author Summary Dermatophytosis, and particularly the subtype tinea capitis, is common among African children; however, the risk factors associated with this condition are poorly understood. To describe the epidemiology of dermatophytosis in distinct eco-climatic zones, three cross-sectional surveys were conducted in public primary schools located in the Sahelian, Sudanian and Sudano-Guinean eco-climatic zones in Mali. Among 590 children (average age 9.7 years) the overall clinical prevalence of tinea capitis was 39.3%. Tinea capitis prevalence was 59.5% in the Sudano-Guinean zone, 41.6% in the Sudanian zone and 17% in the Sahelian eco-climatic zone. Microsporum audouinii was isolated primarily from large and/or microsporic lesions. Trichophyton soudanense was primarily isolated from trichophytic lesions. Based on the multivariate analysis, tinea capitis was independently associated with male gender (OR = 2.51, 95%CI [1.74–3.61], P

Published
2016
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11. First detection of Leishmania major DNA in Sergentomyia (Splaeomyia) darlingi from cutaneous Leishmaniasis Foci in Mali

Author

Pascal Del Giudice, Jérôme Depaquit, Christophe Ravel, Siaka Goita, Abdoulaye K. Kone, Siala Doumbo, Pascal Delaunay, Abdoulaye Djimde, Zohra Berdjane-Brouk, Ogobara K. Doumbo, Arezki Izri, Rémi N. Charrel, Adama Z. Diarra, Pierre Marty, Mahamadou A. Thera, Emergence des Pathologies Virales (EPV), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département d'Epidémiologie des Affections parasitaires, Malaria Research and training center Université de Bamako, Mali, Université de Bamako, Biologie, Génétique et Pathologie des Pathogènes Eucaryotes (MIVEGEC-BioGEPPE), Pathogènes, Environnement, Santé Humaine (EPATH), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Nice, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Unité des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital Bonnet, Environnement, Santé, Sociétés (ESS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Sergentomyia (Spelaeomyia), Sand flies, Protozoology, Mali, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Leishmania major, Phlebotomus, Leishmaniasis, Polymerase chain reaction, Leishmania, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, Zoonotic Diseases, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Veterinary Diseases, Medicine, Female, Research Article, Neglected Tropical Diseases, Old World, Science, 030231 tropical medicine, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Cutaneous leishmaniasis, parasitic diseases, medicine, Parasitic Diseases, Animals, Psychodidae, Biology, DNA sequence analysis, 030304 developmental biology, DNA, DNA, Protozoan, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Insect Vectors, Parastic Protozoans, Veterinary Science, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Foci
Abstract

BackgroundLeishmania major complex is the main causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) in the Old World. Phlebotomus papatasi and Phlebotomus duboscqi are recognized vectors of L. major complex in Northern and Southern Sahara, respectively. In Mali, ZCL due to L. major is an emerging public health problem, with several cases reported from different parts of the country. The main objective of the present study was to identify the vectors of Leishmania major in the Bandiagara area, in Mali.Methodology/principal findingsAn entomological survey was carried out in the ZCL foci of Bandiagara area. Sandflies were collected using CDC miniature light traps and sticky papers. In the field, live female Phlebotomine sandflies were identified and examined for the presence of promastigotes. The remaining sandflies were identified morphologically and tested for Leishmania by PCR in the ITS2 gene. The source of blood meal of the engorged females was determined using the cyt-b sequence. Out of the 3,259 collected sandflies, 1,324 were identified morphologically, and consisted of 20 species, of which four belonged to the genus Phlebotomus and 16 to the genus Sergentomyia. Leishmania major DNA was detected by PCR in 7 of the 446 females (1.6%), specifically 2 out of 115 Phlebotomus duboscqi specimens, and 5 from 198 Sergentomyia darlingi specimens. Human DNA was detected in one blood-fed female S. darlingi positive for L. major DNA.ConclusionOur data suggest the possible involvement of P. duboscqi and potentially S. darlingi in the transmission of ZCL in Mali.

Published
2012
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