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Neural stem cells (NSCs) present attractive natural drug delivery systems (DDSs). Their migratory potential enables crossing of the blood-brain barrier and efficient and selective accumulation near malignant cells. Here, we present the potential of NSCs as DDSs for nucleoside analogue conjugated nanogels (NGs). Two different approaches were investigated: the intracellular loading and extracellular cell surface decoration with NGs. For both designs, the tumor-specific migratory potentials of NSCs remained unchanged; however, the intracellular loading showed a shorter NG retention. The cell surface decoration protocol yielded a high loading capacity of 100% after 1 h and a prolonged drug retention. A redox-sensitive linker between NGs and the nucleoside analogue 5-ethynyl-2 '-deoxycytidine (EdC) allowed a tumor environment-specific drug release and its efficient and preferential incorporation into the DNA of the tumor cells. Interestingly, the tumor-trafficking potentials of NSCs were significantly potentiated by irradiation of tumor cells. In conclusion, this study indicates the potentials of cell surface-decorated NSCs as DDSs for tumor specific release, cellular uptake, and incorporation of EdC into DNA.

Malahara is one among the Kalpana of preparation of ointment. Siktha (bee wax) and Taila (oil) are usually taken as base along with other ingredients like herbal, mineral or metal depending upon the indication and type of Malahara.[1] Present study focuses on modification of Guduchyadi Kashaya[2] into Guduchyadi Malahara form. This formulation has been indicated for treatment of Kaphaja Yoni Vyapat.[3] Kashaya having less shelf life; hence, an attempt has been made to modify Guduchyadi Kashaya into Guduchyadi Malahara form pharmaceutically. The observations made during preparation and application of the Guduchyadi Malahara have been discussed in this study.

The present paper investigated the electrochemical behaviour of Schiff base and its zinc complex at a working electrode by cyclic voltammetry technique. In the phosphate and Britton-Robinson buffers, the electrochemical study of Schiff base was performed within various pH values 5-9. Cyclic voltammograms of the examined Schiff base exhibited irreversible and diffusion controlled waves at different sweep rates, which is associated with the two electron reduction process of azomethine group. The symmetry transfer coefficient (αn), the diffusion coefficient (D01/2) and rate constant (k°f,h) of the reactant species were calculated. Cyclic voltammetric study of zinc complex showed one electron diffusion controlled, quasi-reversible peaks at 50-250 mV/s sweep rates. Antimicrobial study of zinc complex showed that zinc complex found to be more potent than uncoordinated Schiff base.

PurposeMany organizations failed to generate profits after investing considerable money and time in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. This study, therefore, sought to identify the challenges encountered by pharmaceutical firms during the post-implementation of ERP systems.Design/methodology/approachA case-based study followed by general survey-based research was carried out in pharmaceutical firms to determine the critical post-implementation challenges of ERP systems. DANP (DEMATEL-based ANP) and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test were used to find the causal/critical challenges and rank them.FindingsAfter analyzing a pharmaceutical case company and conducting a general survey among pharmaceutical companies, statistical analysis was performed to identify the most significant challenges, namely, “Inefficient troubleshooting mechanism”, “Lack of training during post-implementation stage” and “Difficulty in identifying invalid data when entered into the ERP system”. Furthermore, organization-wide challenges are considered to be the most important.Practical implicationsThe paper identifies the challenges faced during the post-implementation phase of ERP systems. This work brings out the issues with ERP systems' performance after their implementation, which is related to the quality of the ERP systems. This work will support the risk identification and mitigation during ERP implementation to eradicate the problems after its implementation. This work may trigger the ERP system developers to improve its features and performance for better manufacturing and supply chain management system in pharmaceutical firms.Originality/valueThis study is uniquely conducted in pharmaceutical firms to study the benefits and challenges of adopted ERP systems. A pilot case study served as the foundation for the generalizability of other pharmaceutical firms' findings through a non-parametric test.

Stress is a condition that disrupts or threatens to disrupt homeostasis. Stress may be physical or mental. Physical stress includes exercise (isometric or isotonic), pain, temperature (too hot or cold) etc. The development of hypertension is usually preceded by a prehypertensive state that may be manifested by abnormal cardiovascular reactivity to different types of stress viz., mental stress, cold water immersion, isotonic exercise, isometric handgrip, and valsalva maneuver. In present study, we have used isometric handgrip (IHG) exercise, as a stressor, aiming to identify individuals at increased risk for developing hypertension at early life. Normotensive, non-smoker sedentary two hundred male subjects, one hundred each from normotensive and hypertensive families, of age group 18-25 years participated in the study as volunteers. The causal blood pressure and heart rate of the participants were recorded in the sitting position by using mercury sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. Then, the isometric handgrip (IHG) exercise demonstrated to each of them using handgrip dynamometer. Maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was noted as maximum pressure (in Kg) sustained during three seconds of handgrip using a handgrip dynamometer. The participants were asked to sustain isometric handgrip at one third of MVC for one minute with the same instrument (handgrip dynamometer). Both blood pressure and heart rate were recorded immediately after 1 and 3 minutes following isometric handgrip (IHG) exercise. The data analyzed using t-test showed that diastolic blood pressure didn’t return and stabilized to pre-exercise level even after 3 minutes following exercise in volunteers who were mostly from hypertensive family. More number of volunteers with family history of hypertensive (24%) showed elevated diastolic blood pressure even after 3 minutes whereas a few of the volunteers (8%) with no family history of hypertension showed rise in DBP even after 3 minutes following isometric handgrip (IHG) exercise. This present study indicated that the individuals having family history of hypertension are prone to develop hypertension in their early life, therefore, must adopt the healthier life style like avoidance of alcohol, smoking, and practice yogic exercise.

Lung cancer (LC) has high morbidity and fatality rate that can be attributed to its poor diagnostic and monitoring facilities. Hence, there is a need to design advanced detection and monitoring systems to facilitate fast, efficient, and early diagnosis. The emerging research on novel nanotechnology-based strategies and conceptual models has made early-stage detection of LC possible by employing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to surmount the barriers of slow diagnostic efficiency. Herein, the emphasis is on the recent advancement of MNP-based detection and monitoring systems for LC diagnosis, and future perspectives in the current scenario are discussed. The integration of MNP-based advanced diagnostic tools (microfluidic chips, artificial intelligence, biosensors, biomarkers detection, machine learning, nanotheranostics, deep learning, and internet of things platform) with conventional ones bronchoscopy, computed tomography scan, positron emission tomography, distant metastases, transthoracic biopsy, and magnetic resonance imaging might help to resolve current challenges related to early diagnosis of LC.

Single stranded DNA (ssDNA)/RNA aptamers, are screened through the labor intensive, iterative Systematic Evolution of Ligand by Exponential Enrichment process (SELEX) method. Complete sequence of screened aptamers never interacts with target or participates in final structure. Hence, in silico tools can be used to redesign a short length aptamer from previously reported aptamers which can have high affinity and specificity to the target. This approach is fast, cost effective, and less laborious than in vitro SELEX towards finding an aptamer sequence with better affinity with the target. Here, Staphylococcal enterotoxin type A (SEA) was used as target. A total of nine aptamers reported for different Staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) enterotoxins were used as a starting pool. The aptamers were variously truncations and thoroughly analyzed through in silico methods. Three truncated aptamers namely AptSEA1.4, AptSEA2.4 and AptSEA8.4 were found to show higher affinity with target SEA. The computational data was also validated with DOT BLOT assay complemented with image analysis. These results also confirmed that the % specific binding and the dissociation constant (Kd) of truncated aptamers AptSEA1.4, AptSEA2.4 and AptSEA8.4 was better than their original counterparts. The truncated aptamers showed great promise to be used as a capture reagent in developing a sensitive assay for detection of SEA. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Nitric oxide (NO) continuously generated by healthy endothelium prevents platelet activation and maintains vascular homeostasis. However, when artificial surfaces, like of extracorporeal membrane oxygenator comes in contact with blood, protein adsorption and thereby platelet activation takes place, which eventually leads to thrombus formation. To overcome this, we present an antifouling microgel coating mimicking the function of enzyme glutathione peroxidase to endogenously generate NO in the blood plasma from endogenous NO-donors and maintain a physiological NO flux. Microgels are synthesized by copolymerization of highly hydrophilic N–(2–hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) with diselenide crosslinks. For immobilization of the microgels on hydrophobic poly(4-methylpentene) (TPX) membranes bioengineered amphiphilic anchor peptides with free thiols are used. The anchor peptide attaches to the TPX membranes by hydrophobic interactions while the free thiols are presented for crosslinking with the microgels. The hydrophilic nature of the microgel coating prevents protein adsorption while the reversible diselenide bridges make the microgels responsive to the reducing environment and lead to the formation of reactive selenols/selenolates. The generated selenols/selenolates provide an efficient and sustained NO-release from endogenous S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs) mimicking the enzymatic function of glutathione peroxidase. On exposure to the whole blood, the microgel coating inhibited platelet activation and prolonged the blood clotting time.

Background: The salivary gland lesions constitute around 3–6% of all head-and-neck lesions and have always posed a diagnostic riddle for the cytopathologists around the world. Since the majority of these lesions need surgical excision, it is, therefore, important to diagnose these lesions with utmost precision to prevent over or under stage procedures. The recent adaption of Milan system of reporting aims to establish a uniform, accurate, and consensual reporting system which bridges the communication between the pathologists and the clinicians. Aims and Objectives: The current study aims to assess the diagnostic application of Milan system and aims to reclassify the lesions according to it. Materials and Methods: The current study was conducted at our institute during 1 year period. All salivary gland swellings presenting to the fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) section during this period were included in the study. Along with this, records and slides of cases of salivary gland lesions were retrospectively assessed. All relevant data and radiologic findings were retrieved from the case records. FNAC was done using 23 G needle. The slides were stained with both Leishman and Papanicolaou stain wherever possible. Quantitative data were expressed as mean and standard deviation and percentages. All the 83 lesions were reclassified as per the Milan system. Histopathology was available in 42 cases. Inclusion criteria: All the samples of the patient having salivary gland lesion(s) whose FNAC were performed in the department of pathology. Statistical Analysis: Data were be entered into Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. For quantitative data, mean and standard deviation were calculated. For qualitative data, percentage and proportion were calculated. Sensitivity, specificity, and spearman correlation between FNAC and histopathology were calculated. P

Background An operative note (op note) is a vital medical record of remarkable clinical, medico-legal and academic relevance. The Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) has set out a guideline to standardise op notes. This closed-loop audit assessed the compliance of op notes completed in our local hospital against the guidance set by RCS with the view to identify deficiencies and improve practice. Methods A retrospective review of general surgery operative notes was carried out to access their various characteristics against RCS guidance. Two additional parameters were assessed, namely, 'cadre of the surgeon that completed the op note' and 'use of abbreviations'. To improve compliance with RCS guidelines, an electronic proforma (EP) that included all the 18 characteristics listed in good surgical practice was implemented and a re-audit was undertaken six months afterwards. Results A total of 200 op notes were reviewed, 98 during the initial audit cycle and 102 at the re-audit. Seventy-eight per cent (78%) of the op notes were written by trainees. At the initial audit, seven parameters performed poorly, with compliance ranging between 5.1% and 76.5%. The re-audit demonstrated improved adherence to guidelines following the implementation of the EP, as well as a reduction in the use of abbreviations. The overall compliance improved from roughly 80% to95%. Conclusion A sustainable change was achieved through the implementation of EP with improvement demonstrated in content and structure. The need to provide teaching to trainees who are responsible for writing a vast majority of op notes was identified.

The present study has been undertaken during 2019-2020 to appraise the socio-personal and economic profile of tribal farmers of Ranchi district of Jharkhand. Four villages were randomly selected from the two purposively selected blocks namely Tamar and Angara blocks of Ranchi district of Jharkhand state. The data were collected from 45 randomly selected tribal farmers practicing ITKs pertaining to pest and disease management by personal interviewing the respondents through a well tested structured interview schedule, who were considered as tribal key informants. The findings revealed that majority of the key informants were females (60%) belonging to old age group (71.11%) of Oraon community (46.66%). Majority of the respondents had education upto primary level only (31.12%), whereas about 30 per cent of them were either illiterate or could read and write only. Highest proportion of the key informants had marginal size of land holding with long farming experience (57.78%). Altogether one-third of the respondents had membership of only one organisation and 42.22 per cent of them were not associated with any formal organisation. Majority of the respondents had low level of risk-orientation (57.77%) and innovativeness (60%). Interventions on education, training and technology were suggested as the suitable measures for raising their socio-economic status.

Advancements in the field of tissue engineering have led to the elucidation of physical and chemical characteristics of physiological basement membranes (BM) as specialized forms of the extracellular matrix. Efforts to recapitulate the intricate structure and biological composition of the BM have encountered various advancements due to its impact on cell fate, function, and regulation. More attention has been paid to synthesizing biocompatible and biofunctional fibrillar scaffolds that closely mimic the natural BM. Specific modifications in biomimetic BM have paved the way for the development of

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in almost every region of the world. One of the major risk factors for coronary artery disease is stress. The study was carried out to find the effect of mental stress on heart rate and blood pressure in coronary artery disease patients and in their age-matched normal counterparts. Materials and methods: Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded before and immediately after standardized mental stress (mental calculation for a minute) after necessary instruction among the volunteers (n=100, 50 coronary artery disease patients and 50 control, age 40-80 years) and then analyzed. Results: The mean HR was 75.40/min and the mean SBP was 121.84 mmHg of patient before stress which increased to 80.26/min (HR) and 135.12 mmHg (SBP) after stress. Similarly, the mean HR was 76.72/min and SBP was 116.24 mmHg before stress which increased to 80.5/min (HR) and 121.56 mmHg (SBP) after stress in normal individual. The result of the study showed mental stress induced rise in heart rate and blood pressure in both the groups. Nevertheless, mental stress induced increase in systolic blood pressure in patients exhibited higher than that of their aged-matched normal counterparts (p

Cereal rye and its wild forms are important sources of genetic diversity for wheat breeding due to their resistances to biotic and abiotic stresses. Secale strictum subsp. anatolicum (Boiss.) K. Hammer (SSA) is a weedy relative of cultivated rye, S. cereale. Meiotic chromosome pairing in F1 hybrids of SSA and S. cereale reveals strong genomic affinity between the two genomes. A study of the transferability of S. cereale sequence-based markers to SSA and hexaploid triticale demonstrated their applicability for tracing SSA chromatin in wheat. The transferability of the markers was over 80% from homoeologous groups 1, 2, and 3, and greater than 70% from groups 4 to 7. This study focused on the generation and molecular and cytogenetic characterization of wheat–SSA alien derivatives. Twelve were identified using combinations of non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization (ND-FISH), genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and molecular marker analysis. All SSA chromosomes, except 3Ra and 6Ra, were transferred to wheat either in the form of monosomic additions (MA), mono-telosomic additions (MtA), double-mono-telosomic additions (dMtA), or double-monosomic additions (dMA). The germplasm developed in this study will help to enhance the genetic base of wheat and facilitate molecular breeding of wheat and triticale.

Small 18(25), 2200673 (2022). doi:10.1002/smll.202200673, Published by Wiley-VCH, Weinheim

The use of polymeric materials in biomedical applications requires a judicious control of surface properties as they are directly related to cellular interactions and biocompatibility. The most desired chemical surface properties include hydrophilicity and the presence of functional groups for surface modification. In this work, we describe a method to graft a highly stable, ultra-thin, amine-functional hydrogel layer onto highly inert surfaces of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), and poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (PMP or TPX). Covalent grafting is realized with hydrophilic poly(vinylamine

The viewpoint of disability is important for comprehending and building social justice for everyone in the society. However, despite this fact, public health experts and policy makers choose to ignore this viewpoint. The understanding of the disabled and their disability rights is equally important in terms of Covid-19 policy-making process. This research article attempts to look at the disability ethics, understanding the discrimination in the structure, to inculcate respect for disabled and develop ways to safeguard the disabled community in the coronavirus pandemic. During such crises of care, the allocation of resources is not being done appropriately according to a disabled person’s requirements and quality of life. There is a need to avoid the stereotypes about disability while providing educational or medical facilities. Recruiting more professional healthcare workers, teachers, and accessible reading material that can be helpful for the disabled people is important at this point of time. Removal of prejudices and safeguarding of the equal protection of every individual’s interests, including those with disabilities is what this paper would analyse and discuss.

Psoriasis is an incurable, immune-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by the hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes. To study in depth the pathogenesis of this disease and possible therapy options suitable, pre-clinical models are required. Three-dimensional skin equivalents are a potential alternative to simplistic monolayer cultures and immunologically different animal models. However, current skin equivalents lack long-term stability, which jeopardizes the possibility to simulate the complex disease-specific phenotype followed by long-term therapeutic treatment. To overcome this limitation, the cell coating technique was used to fabricate full-thickness human skin equivalents (HSEs). This rapid and scaffold-free fabrication method relies on coating cell membranes with nanofilms using layer-by-layer assembly, thereby allowing extended cultivation of HSEs up to 49 days. The advantage in time is exploited to develop a model that not only forms a disease phenotype but can also be used to monitor the effects of topical or systemic treatment. To generate a psoriatic phenotype, the HSEs were stimulated with recombinant human interleukin 17A (rhIL-17A). This was followed by systemic treatment of the HSEs with the anti-IL-17A antibody secukinumab in the presence of rhIL-17A. Microarray and RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that HSEs treated with rhIL-17A showed downregulation of differentiation markers and upregulation of chemokines and cytokines, while treatment with anti-IL-17A antibody reverted these gene regulations. Gene ontology analysis revealed the proinflammatory and chemotactic effects of rhIL-17A on the established HSEs. These data demonstrated, at the molecular level, the effects of anti-IL-17A antibody on rhIL-17A-induced gene regulations. This shows the physiological relevance of the developed HSE and opens venues for its use as an alternative to

RSC Advances 10(37), 21933-21939 (2020). doi:10.1039/D0RA01607A, Published by RSC Publishing, London

Sanskrit, one of the oldest languages in the world has many joyful takers across the globe who wants to learn the language and the Sanskritic values associated with it. Sanskrit has been the language that has led to the birth many vernaculars and other regional languages. The treasure house of Sanskrit has been recognized by the world and many corporates, heads of various countries want to speak the language and instill its values in their places. The article explores how Sanskrit has re-emerged at the global level and distributing wealth as it did in Ancient India but in a revised way.

Sanskrit, one of the oldest languages of the world and the mother of many regional and vernacular languages has always shone in different times. If in ancient and medieval time, Sanskrit was majorly known for its varied and rich literature, then in modern times it is well embraced for its Sanskritic values. The article takes us through the journey of Sanskrit from ancient to medieval to modern time and the current state of Sanskrit in India today.

Biomaterials science 10(1), 85-99 (2022). doi:10.1039/d1bm01591e, Published by Royal Soc. of Chemistry, Cambridge

Kalanamak rice is a unique cultivar of Oryza sativa L. where Beta Carotene is present. In the freshly harvested grain, the Beta Carotene is 0.42 mg / 100 g, and in one year old sample it is 0.18g / 100 g. Total carotenoids in the these samples were 0.51 and 0.31 respectively. Beta Carotene of Kalanamak needs to be studied further for its conversion rate into Vitamin A. Through various breeding methods, amount of Beta Carotene needs to be increased for remedying Vitamin A Deficiency in the human population. Along with high aroma, high Iron, high Zinc and high protein, semi-dwarf varieties of Kalanamak will be the unique rice of the world. It is non-GMO unlike Golden Rice, and thus non-controversial in consumption and promotion.

Advanced healthcare materials 2100812 (2021). doi:10.1002/adhm.202100812, Published by Wiley-VCH, Weinheim

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is emerging as one of the primary barriers in cancer therapy. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are a common inhabitant of the TME in several tumor types and play a critical role in tumor progression and drug resistance via different mechanisms such as desmoplasia, angiogenesis, immune modulation, and cancer metabolism. Due to their abundance and significance in pro-tumorigenic mechanisms, CAF are gaining attention as a diagnostic target as well as to improve the efficacy of cancer therapy by their modulation. In this review, we highlight existing imaging techniques that are used for the visualization of CAF and CAF-induced fibrosis and provide an overview of compounds that are known to modulate CAF activity. Subsequently, we also discuss CAF-targeted and CAF-modulating nanocarriers. Finally, our review addresses ongoing challenges and provides a glimpse into the prospects that can spearhead the transition of CAF-targeted therapies from opportunity to reality.

Covid-19 Pandemic has challenged the every aspect of human life. Everybody is talking about the negative impact of corona virus, but every cloud has a silver lining. This situation of pandemic has required for exceptional levels of socio-political responsibility, dynamic leadership and agility of institutions. Even if we refer the last century history, we can see every global economic crisis has provided the better opportunities in disguise. Business activities around the world have been impacted by the global pandemic. However, COVID-19's economic impact differed by region, and the implications were mostly determined by a region's economic situation. In spite of Covid-19 crisis, Indian entrepreneurial spirit is high. In these tough circumstances, many small companies are stepping up for the community and supporting one another to help generate a more positive influence. Several small enterprises and entrepreneurs have been spotted collaborating with the government and local organisations to help financially disadvantaged populations cope with the effects of the crisis. The main objectives of this article to analyse all the aspects related to Indian entrepreneurship and majorly the positive impact of pandemic on Indian entrepreneurs at middle/small levels. The article also explores the new opportunities and challenges for India entrepreneur in coming times.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are fundamental for intercellular communication and influence nearly every process in cell physiology. However, because of their intricate molecular complexity, quantitative knowledge on their signaling mechanisms is missing, particularly impeding their therapeutic application. We used a complementary and quantitative engineering approach based on sequential synthetic bottom-up assembly of fully functional EVs with precisely controlled lipid, protein, and RNA composition. We show that the functionalities of synthetic EVs are analogous to natural EVs and demonstrate their programmable therapeutic administration for wound healing and neovascularization therapy. We apply transcriptome profiling to systematically decode synergistic effects between individual EV constituents, enabling analytical dissection and a fundamental understanding of EV signaling.

Liquid biopsy has emerged as a promising non-invasive way to diagnose tumor and monitor its progression. Different types of liquid biopsies have different advantages and limitations. In the present research, we compared the use of two types of liquid biopsy, extracellular vesicle-derived DNA (EV-DNA) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for identifying tumor mutations in patients with colon carcinoma. Method: DNA was extracted from the tumor tissue of 33 patients diagnosed with colon carcinoma. Targeted NGS panel, based on the hotspots panel, was used to identify tumor mutations. Pre-surgery serum and plasma were taken from the patients in which mutation was found in the tumor tissue. Extracellular vesicles were isolated from the serum followed by the extraction of EV-DNA. CfDNA was extracted from the plasma. The mutations found in the tumor were used to detect the circulating tumor DNA using ultra-deep sequencing. We compared the sensitivity of mutation detection and allele frequency obtained in EV-DNA and cfDNA. Results: The sensitivity of mutation detection in EV-DNA and cfDNA was 61.90% and 66.67%, respectively. We obtained almost identical sensitivity of mutation detection in EV-DNA and cfDNA in each of the four stages of colon carcinoma. The total DNA concentration and number mutant copies were higher in cfDNA vs. EV-DNA (p value = 0.002 and 0.003, respectively). Conclusion: Both cfDNA and EV-DNA can serve as tumor biomarkers. The use of EV-DNA did not lead to improved sensitivity or better detection of tumor DNA in the circulation.

Receptor-activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) are single transmembrane-spanning proteins which serve as molecular chaperones and allosteric modulators of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their signaling pathways. Although RAMPs have been previously studied in the context of their effects on Family B GPCRs, the coevolution of RAMPs with many GPCR families suggests an expanded repertoire of potential interactions. Using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer-based and cell-surface expression approaches, we comprehensively screen for RAMP interactions within the chemokine receptor family and identify robust interactions between RAMPs and nearly all chemokine receptors. Most notably, we identify robust RAMP interaction with atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs), which function to establish chemotactic gradients for directed cell migration. Specifically, RAMP3 association with atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) diminishes adrenomedullin (AM) ligand availability without changing G-protein coupling. Instead, RAMP3 is required for the rapid recycling of ACKR3 to the plasma membrane through Rab4-positive vesicles following either AM or SDF-1/CXCL12 binding, thereby enabling formation of dynamic spatiotemporal chemotactic gradients. Consequently, genetic deletion of either ACKR3 or RAMP3 in mice abolishes directed cell migration of retinal angiogenesis. Thus, RAMP association with chemokine receptor family members represents a molecular interaction to control receptor signaling and trafficking properties.