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5. Metal Oxide Resistive Memory using Graphene Edge Electrode

Author

Lee, Seunghyun, Sohn, Joon, Jiang, Zizhen, Chen, Hong-Yu, and Wong, H. -S. Philip

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

The emerging paradigm of abundant-data computing requires real-time analytics on enormous quantities of data collected by a mushrooming network of sensors. Todays computing technology, however, cannot scale to satisfy such big data applications with the required throughput and energy efficiency. The next technology frontier will be monolithically integrated chips with three dimensionally interleaved memory and logic for unprecedented data bandwidth with reduced energy consumption. In this work, we exploit the atomically thin nature of the graphene edge to assemble a resistive memory stacked in a vertical three dimensional structure. We report some of the lowest power and energy consumption among the emerging non-volatile memories due to an extremely thin electrode with unique properties, low programming voltages, and low current. Circuit analysis of the architecture using experimentally measured device properties show higher storage potential for graphene devices compared that of metal based devices., Comment: 41 pages, 15 figures

Published
2015
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9. Role of TGF-β and p38 MAPK in TSG-6 Expression in Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells In Vitro and In Vivo.

Author

Kwon, Hye Youn, Yoon, Yongdae, Hong, Ju-Eun, Rhee, Ki-Jong, Sohn, Joon Hyung, Jung, Pil Young, Kim, Moon Young, Baik, Soon Koo, Ryu, Hoon, and Eom, Young Woo

Subjects
GENE expression, STEM cells, MESENCHYMAL stem cells, TRANSFORMING growth factors, MITOGEN-activated protein kinases, LABORATORY mice
Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) regulate immune cell activity by expressing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6) in inflammatory environments; however, whether anti-inflammatory responses affect TSG-6 expression in MSCs is not well understood. Therefore, we investigated whether transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) regulates TSG-6 expression in adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) and whether effective immunosuppression can be achieved using ASCs and TGF-β signaling inhibitor A83-01. TGF-β significantly decreased TSG-6 expression in ASCs, but A83-01 and the p38 inhibitor SB202190 significantly increased it. However, in septic C57BL/6 mice, A83-01 further reduced the survival rate of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated group and ASC transplantation did not improve the severity induced by LPS. ASC transplantation alleviated the severity of sepsis induced by LPS+A83-01. In co-culture of macrophages and ASCs, A83-01 decreased TSG-6 expression whereas A83-01 and SB202190 reduced Cox-2 and IDO-2 expression in ASCs. These results suggest that TSG-6 expression in ASCs can be regulated by high concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro and in vivo, and that A83-01 and SB202190 can reduce the expression of immunomodulators in ASCs. Therefore, our data suggest that co-treatment of ASCs with TGF-β or p38 inhibitors is not adequate to modulate inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Morphology of placentome in Korean water deer Hydropotes inermis argropus

Author

SOHN, Joon Hyuk, YAMANE, Shota, SAITOH, Yukiko, KUSAKABE, Ken Takashi, KIMURA, Junpei, and KISO, Yasuo

Subjects
Deer, Placenta, Water, Wildlife Science, Korean water deer, Note, fetus, Pregnancy, embryonic structures, Republic of Korea, placentome, Animals, Female, reproductive and urinary physiology
Abstract

The placenta of the Korean water deer was anatomically examined to accumulate basic information regarding its reproductive system. The convex placentomes with five to nine well-developed pedicles were observed in the whole uterine horns, and therefore, the placenta was classified as oligocotyledonary. The evidence indicating the migration of binucleate cells (BNCs) from trophectoderm to the uterine epithelium led to the histological classification of the placenta as synepitheliochorial. The number of fetuses was markedly higher than that in other ruminant species. However, the number of placentomes was found to be similar to the other Cervidae species. Therefore, these results suggest that the Korean water deer may possess special mechanisms or structures at the fetus attachment site to maintain this unusally high number of fetuses.

Published
2021

16. Dispersal history of Miniopterus fuliginosus bats and their associated viruses in east Asia

Author

Kimprasit, Thachawech, primary, Nunome, Mitsuo, additional, Iida, Keisuke, additional, Murakami, Yoshitaka, additional, Wong, Min-Liang, additional, Wu, Chung-Hsin, additional, Kobayashi, Ryosuke, additional, Hengjan, Yupadee, additional, Takemae, Hitoshi, additional, Yonemitsu, Kenzo, additional, Kuwata, Ryusei, additional, Shimoda, Hiroshi, additional, Si, Lifan, additional, Sohn, Joon-Hyuk, additional, Asakawa, Susumu, additional, Ichiyanagi, Kenji, additional, Maeda, Ken, additional, Oh, Hong-Shik, additional, Mizutani, Tetsuya, additional, Kimura, Junpei, additional, Iida, Atsuo, additional, and Hondo, Eiichi, additional

Published
2021
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28. Phonon Conduction in Silicon Nanobeam Labyrinths

Author

Park, Woosung, primary, Romano, Giuseppe, additional, Ahn, Ethan C., additional, Kodama, Takashi, additional, Park, Joonsuk, additional, Barako, Michael T., additional, Sohn, Joon, additional, Kim, Soo Jin, additional, Cho, Jungwan, additional, Marconnet, Amy M., additional, Asheghi, Mehdi, additional, Kolpak, Alexie M., additional, and Goodson, Kenneth E., additional

Published
2017
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48. Calcium Mobilization by Activation of M3/M5Muscarinic Receptors in the Human Retinoblastoma

Author

Kim, Dae-Ran, Rah, Sang Hoon, Sohn, Joon Hyung, Yeh, Byung-Il, Ko, Chang Mann, Park, Jeong Sook, Kim, Min-Jeong, Lee, Joong Woo, and Kong, In Deok

Abstract

Activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) is one of the most important signal transduction pathways in the human body. In this study, we investigated the role of mAChR activation in relation to its subtypes in human retinoblastoma cell-lines (WERI-Rb-1) using Ca2+measurement, real-time PCR, and Western Blot techniques. Acetylcholine (ACh) produced prominent [Ca2+]itransients in a repeated manner in WERI-Rb-1 cells. The maximal amplitude of the [Ca2+]itransient was almost completely suppressed by 97.3 ± 0.8% after atropine (1 µM) pretreatment. Similar suppressions were noted after pretreatments with thapsigargin (1 µM), an ER Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) inhibitor, whereas the ACh-induced [Ca2+]itransient was not affected even in the absence of extracellular calcium. U-73122 (1 µM), a PLC inhibitor, and xestospongin C (2 µM), an IP3-receptor antagonist, elicited 11.5 ± 2.9% and 17.8 ± 1.9% suppressions, respectively. The 50% inhibitory concentration of (IC50) values for blockade of a 100 µM ACh response by pirenzepine and 4-DAMP were 315.8 and 9.1 nM, respectively. Moreover, both M3and M5mAChRs were prominent in quantitative real-time-PCR. Taken together, the M3/M5subtypes appear to be the major contributor, leading to intracellular calcium mobilization from the internal store via an IP3-dependent pathway in the undifferentiated retinoblastoma cells.

Published
2007
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49. Alternating‐Current Electrical Properties of CaMnO3below the Néel Temperature

Author

Jung, Woo‐Hwan, Sohn, Jeong‐Ho, Lee, Joon‐Hyung, Sohn, Joon‐Ho, Park, Myung‐Sik, and Cho, Sang‐Hee

Abstract

The alternating‐current electrical properties of polycrystalline CaMnO3were investigated by alternating current complex‐impedance analysis, and the dielectric properties were analyzed over the temperature and frequency ranges of 10 to 130 K and 20 Hz to 1 MHz, respectively. Direct‐current conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient as a function of temperature also were analyzed. Below 120 K, a Debye‐type dielectric relaxation peak was observed. Experimental results implied that the number of charge carriers, which were generated by Mn3+, were not sufficient to stabilize small polarons, although it induced lattice distortion by the Jahn—Teller effect. Therefore, the thermal motion of Mn3+between potential minimums produced by lattice distortion in the orthorhombic structure were believed to be the source of dielectric relaxation. The temperature dependence of conductivity of the grain interior (σgi) below 120 K was believed to be due to variable range‐hopping conduction, where σgi∼ exp(−T−1/4).

Published
2000
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50. From Reflexive to Passive

Author

Sohn, Joong-Sun

Subjects
Grammar, Comparative and general-- Passive Voice, Grammar, Comparative and general-- Reflexives, Philology. Linguistics, P1-1091
Abstract

Previous approaches to the passive development from a reflexive marking focus on how the former is similar to the latter semantically and syntactically. I show that the passive evolution is better understood by looking at the internal procedures that the reflexive undergoes on the way to the passive. This approach clearly recognizes that reflexive clauses with agent subjects are highly resistant to the passive interpretation, for example. A reflexive marking tends to acquire a canonical passive function when it loses the true reflexive use, and morphologically, when it becomes an affix.

Published
1998
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