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Oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons.

We demonstrate the application of artificial neural network (ANN) models to reverse Monte Carlo based thermodynamic calculations. Adsorption isotherms are generated for 2D square and triangular lattices. These lattices are considered because of their importance to catalytic applications. In general, configurational free energy terms that arise from adsorbate arrangements are challenging to handle and are typically evaluated using computationally expensive Monte Carlo simulations. We show that a combination of reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) and ANN model can provide an accurate estimate of the configurational free energy. The ANN model is trained/constructed using data generated with the help of RMC simulations. Adsorption isotherms are accurately obtained for a range of adsorbate-adsorbate interactions, coverages and temperatures within few seconds on a desktop computer using this method. The results are validated by comparing to MC calculations. Additionally, H adsorption on Ni(100) surface is studied using the ANN/RMC approach.

Objective Fissure sealants hold a great significance in the preclusion of inception of caries process. The present in vitro study assesses the marginal sealing ability and penetration depth of various dental products used as pit and fissure sealants. Study design Sixty freshly extracted human non-carious premolars were arbitrarily categorized into four groups of 15 samples. Prophylaxis of occlusal surfaces of sample teeth was done with pumice slurry and sealant was applied. Later, the teeth underwent thermocycling and immersion in 5% methylene blue for 24 hours. Sectioning of teeth samples was done buccolingually and they were analyzed under stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis used Nonparametric tests Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney were applied to carry out microleakage comparison. The percentage penetration depth was compared using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Tukey's post hoc test was applied for multiple analogies. Results Highest microleakage was seen in glass ionomer-based sealant followed by flowable composite and least for classical sealant. Flowable nanocomposite gave comparable results with that of the classical sealant. No statistical difference was found with respect to depth of penetration between different tested materials. Conclusion Flowable nanocomposite can be considered as a promising substitute for sealing fissures and thus can be endorsed to caries-susceptible pediatric patients. How to cite this article Butail A, Dua P, Mangla R, et al. Evaluation of Marginal Microleakage and Depth of Penetration of Different Materials Used as Pit and Fissure Sealants: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(1):38-42.

Objective Fissure sealants hold a great significance in the preclusion of inception of caries process. The present in vitro study assesses the marginal sealing ability and penetration depth of various dental products used as pit and fissure sealants. Study design Sixty freshly extracted human non-carious premolars were arbitrarily categorized into four groups of 15 samples. Prophylaxis of occlusal surfaces of sample teeth was done with pumice slurry and sealant was applied. Later, the teeth underwent thermocycling and immersion in 5% methylene blue for 24 hours. Sectioning of teeth samples was done buccolingually and they were analyzed under stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis used Nonparametric tests Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney were applied to carry out microleakage comparison. The percentage penetration depth was compared using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Tukey's post hoc test was applied for multiple analogies. Results Highest microleakage was seen in glass ionomer-based sealant followed by flowable composite and least for classical sealant. Flowable nanocomposite gave comparable results with that of the classical sealant. No statistical difference was found with respect to depth of penetration between different tested materials. Conclusion Flowable nanocomposite can be considered as a promising substitute for sealing fissures and thus can be endorsed to caries-susceptible pediatric patients. How to cite this article Butail A, Dua P, Mangla R, et al. Evaluation of Marginal Microleakage and Depth of Penetration of Different Materials Used as Pit and Fissure Sealants: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(1):38–42.

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a self-organized network that connects vehicle and RSUs. The RSUs can intern be connect to a background network so that many other network applications and services including internet access can be provide to the vehicle for obtaining different services by the user or driver. The considerable attention goes in this field due to the high demands of new innovations in the vehicular industry. The primary purpose of VANET is to improve public safety and save lives as well as to improve vehicular traffic flow. VANET has very dynamic topology large network size and constrained mobility, these characteristic led to the need for efficient routing and resource saving protocol. It is a new research area which tends lots of emphasis towards services provided through the network. In this paper, we give the review of various routing protocols by using some parameters: digital map, scenario, position verification, clustering, routing mechanism, forwarding strategy and control overhead.