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1. Validation of the BOADICEA model for epithelial tubo-ovarian cancer risk prediction in UK Biobank

Author: Yang, Xin, Wu, Yujia, Ficorella, Lorenzo, Wilcox, Naomi, Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan, Carver, Tim, Pashayan, Nora, Tischkowitz, Marc, Pharoah, Paul D. P., Easton, Douglas F., and Antoniou, Antonis C.
Published: 2024
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2. Genome-wide association analyses of ovarian cancer patients undergoing primary debulking surgery identify candidate genes for residual disease

Author: Ramachandran, Dhanya, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Kommoss, Stefan, DeFazio, Anna, Riggan, Marjorie J, Webb, Penelope M, Fasching, Peter A, Lambrechts, Diether, García, María J, Rodríguez-Antona, Cristina, Goodman, Marc T, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten B, Karlan, Beth Y, Lester, Jenny, Kjaer, Susanne K, Jensen, Allan, Høgdall, Estrid, Goode, Ellen L, Cliby, William A, Kumar, Amanika, Wang, Chen, Cunningham, Julie M, Winham, Stacey J, Monteiro, Alvaro N, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Cramer, Daniel W, Terry, Kathryn L, Titus, Linda, Bjorge, Line, Thomsen, Liv Cecilie Vestrheim, Pejovic, Tanja, Høgdall, Claus K, McNeish, Iain A, May, Taymaa, Huntsman, David G, Pfisterer, Jacobus, Canzler, Ulrich, Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won, Schröder, Willibald, Belau, Antje, Hanker, Lars, Harter, Philipp, Sehouli, Jalid, Kimmig, Rainer, de Gregorio, Nikolaus, Schmalfeldt, Barbara, Baumann, Klaus, Hilpert, Felix, Burges, Alexander, Winterhoff, Boris, Schürmann, Peter, Speith, Lisa-Marie, Hillemanns, Peter, Berchuck, Andrew, Johnatty, Sharon E, Ramus, Susan J, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Pharoah, Paul DP, Dörk, Thilo, and Heitz, Florian
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Genetics, Women's Health, Human Genome, Ovarian Cancer, Prevention, Cancer, Orphan Drug, Clinical Research, Rare Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, AOCS Group, OPAL Study Group, Medical biotechnology
Abstract: Survival from ovarian cancer depends on the resection status after primary surgery. We performed genome-wide association analyses for resection status of 7705 ovarian cancer patients, including 4954 with high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSOC), to identify variants associated with residual disease. The most significant association with resection status was observed for rs72845444, upstream of MGMT, in HGSOC (p = 3.9 × 10-8). In gene-based analyses, PPP2R5C was the most strongly associated gene in HGSOC after stage adjustment. In an independent set of 378 ovarian tumours from the AGO-OVAR 11 study, variants near MGMT and PPP2R5C correlated with methylation and transcript levels, and PPP2R5C mRNA levels predicted progression-free survival in patients with residual disease. MGMT encodes a DNA repair enzyme, and PPP2R5C encodes the B56γ subunit of the PP2A tumour suppressor. Our results link heritable variation at these two loci with resection status in HGSOC.
Published: 2024

3. Improving on polygenic scores across complex traits using select and shrink with summary statistics (S4) and LDpred2

Author: Tyrer, Jonathan P., Peng, Pei-Chen, DeVries, Amber A., Gayther, Simon A., Jones, Michelle R., and Pharoah, Paul D.
Published: 2024
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4. Copy Number Variants Are Ovarian Cancer Risk Alleles at Known and Novel Risk Loci

Author: DeVries, Amber A, Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Peng, Pei-Chen, Coetzee, Simon G, Reyes, Alberto L, Plummer, Jasmine T, Davis, Brian D, Chen, Stephanie S, Dezem, Felipe Segato, Aben, Katja KH, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Beckmann, Matthias W, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Berchuck, Andrew, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bogdanova-Markov, Nadja, Brenton, James D, Butzow, Ralf, Campbell, Ian, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Cook, Linda S, DeFazio, Anna, Doherty, Jennifer A, Dörk, Thilo, Eccles, Diana M, Eliassen, A Heather, Fasching, Peter A, Fortner, Renée T, Giles, Graham G, Goode, Ellen L, Goodman, Marc T, Gronwald, Jacek, Webb, P, DeFazio, A, Friedlander, M, Obermair, A, Grant, P, Nagle, C, Beesley, V, Chevenix-Trench, G, Bowtell, D, Blomfield, P, Brand, A, Davis, A, Leung, Y, Nicklin, J, Quinn, M, Livingstone, K, O'Neill, H, Williams, M, Black, A, Hadley, A, Glasgow, A, Garrett, A, Rao, A, Shannon, C, Steer, C, Allen, D, Neesham, D, Otton, G, Au-Yeung, G, Goss, G, Wain, G, Gard, G, Robertson, G, Lombard, J, Tan, J, McNeilage, J, Power, J, Coward, J, Miller, J, Carter, J, Lamont, J, Wong, KM, Reid, K, Perrin, L, Milishkin, L, Nascimento, M, Buck, M, Bunting, M, Harrison, M, Chetty, N, Hacker, N, McNally, O, Harnett, P, Beale, P, Awad, R, Mohan, R, Farrell, R, McIntosh, R, Rome, R, Sayer, R, Houghton, R, Hogg, R, Land, R, Baron-Hay, S, and Paramasivum, S
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Human Genome, Genetic Testing, Clinical Research, Ovarian Cancer, Rare Diseases, Prevention, Women's Health, Cancer, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Female, Humans, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Genome-Wide Association Study, Alleles, DNA Copy Number Variations, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Ovarian Neoplasms, OPAL Study Group, AOCS Group, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: BackgroundKnown risk alleles for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) account for approximately 40% of the heritability for EOC. Copy number variants (CNVs) have not been investigated as EOC risk alleles in a large population cohort.MethodsSingle nucleotide polymorphism array data from 13 071 EOC cases and 17 306 controls of White European ancestry were used to identify CNVs associated with EOC risk using a rare admixture maximum likelihood test for gene burden and a by-probe ratio test. We performed enrichment analysis of CNVs at known EOC risk loci and functional biofeatures in ovarian cancer-related cell types.ResultsWe identified statistically significant risk associations with CNVs at known EOC risk genes; BRCA1 (PEOC = 1.60E-21; OREOC = 8.24), RAD51C (Phigh-grade serous ovarian cancer [HGSOC] = 5.5E-4; odds ratio [OR]HGSOC = 5.74 del), and BRCA2 (PHGSOC = 7.0E-4; ORHGSOC = 3.31 deletion). Four suggestive associations (P
Published: 2022

5. Integrative multi-omics analyses to identify the genetic and functional mechanisms underlying ovarian cancer risk regions

Author: Dareng, Eileen O., Coetzee, Simon G., Tyrer, Jonathan P., Peng, Pei-Chen, Rosenow, Will, Chen, Stephanie, Davis, Brian D., Dezem, Felipe Segato, Seo, Ji-Heui, Nameki, Robbin, Reyes, Alberto L., Aben, Katja K.H., Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Aravantinos, Gerasimos, Bandera, Elisa V., Beane Freeman, Laura E., Beckmann, Matthias W., Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Bernardini, Marcus Q., Bjorge, Line, Black, Amanda, Bogdanova, Natalia V., Bolton, Kelly L., Brenton, James D., Budzilowska, Agnieszka, Butzow, Ralf, Cai, Hui, Campbell, Ian, Cannioto, Rikki, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J., Chen, Kexin, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Chiew, Yoke-Eng, Cook, Linda S., DeFazio, Anna, Dennis, Joe, Doherty, Jennifer A., Dörk, Thilo, du Bois, Andreas, Dürst, Matthias, Eccles, Diana M., Ene, Gabrielle, Fasching, Peter A., Flanagan, James M., Fortner, Renée T., Fostira, Florentia, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Giles, Graham G., Goodman, Marc T., Gronwald, Jacek, Haiman, Christopher A., Håkansson, Niclas, Heitz, Florian, Hildebrandt, Michelle A.T., Høgdall, Estrid, Høgdall, Claus K., Huang, Ruea-Yea, Jensen, Allan, Jones, Michael E., Kang, Daehee, Karlan, Beth Y., Karnezis, Anthony N., Kelemen, Linda E., Kennedy, Catherine J., Khusnutdinova, Elza K., Kiemeney, Lambertus A., Kjaer, Susanne K., Kupryjanczyk, Jolanta, Labrie, Marilyne, Lambrechts, Diether, Larson, Melissa C., Le, Nhu D., Lester, Jenny, Li, Lian, Lubiński, Jan, Lush, Michael, Marks, Jeffrey R., Matsuo, Keitaro, May, Taymaa, McLaughlin, John R., McNeish, Iain A., Menon, Usha, Missmer, Stacey, Modugno, Francesmary, Moffitt, Melissa, Monteiro, Alvaro N., Moysich, Kirsten B., Narod, Steven A., Nguyen-Dumont, Tu, Odunsi, Kunle, Olsson, Håkan, Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Park, Sue K., Pejovic, Tanja, Permuth, Jennifer B., Piskorz, Anna, Prokofyeva, Darya, Riggan, Marjorie J., Risch, Harvey A., Rodríguez-Antona, Cristina, Rossing, Mary Anne, Sandler, Dale P., Setiawan, V. Wendy, Shan, Kang, Song, Honglin, Southey, Melissa C., Steed, Helen, Sutphen, Rebecca, Swerdlow, Anthony J., Teo, Soo Hwang, Terry, Kathryn L., Thompson, Pamela J., Vestrheim Thomsen, Liv Cecilie, Titus, Linda, Trabert, Britton, Travis, Ruth, Tworoger, Shelley S., Valen, Ellen, Van Nieuwenhuysen, Els, Edwards, Digna Velez, Vierkant, Robert A., Webb, Penelope M., Weinberg, Clarice R., Weise, Rayna Matsuno, Wentzensen, Nicolas, White, Emily, Winham, Stacey J., Wolk, Alicja, Woo, Yin-Ling, Wu, Anna H., Yan, Li, Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Zeinomar, Nur, Zheng, Wei, Ziogas, Argyrios, Berchuck, Andrew, Goode, Ellen L., Huntsman, David G., Pearce, Celeste L., Ramus, Susan J., Sellers, Thomas A., Freedman, Matthew L., Lawrenson, Kate, Schildkraut, Joellen M., Hazelett, Dennis, Plummer, Jasmine T., Kar, Siddhartha, Jones, Michelle R., Pharoah, Paul D.P., and Gayther, Simon A.
Published: 2024
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6. Correction: Polygenic risk modeling for prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer risk

Author: Dareng, Eileen O, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Barnes, Daniel R, Jones, Michelle R, Yang, Xin, Aben, Katja KH, Adank, Muriel A, Agata, Simona, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Aravantinos, Gerasimos, Arun, Banu K, Augustinsson, Annelie, Balmaña, Judith, Bandera, Elisa V, Barkardottir, Rosa B, Barrowdale, Daniel, Beckmann, Matthias W, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernardini, Marcus Q, Bjorge, Line, Black, Amanda, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Brenton, James D, Budzilowska, Agnieszka, Butzow, Ralf, Buys, Saundra S, Cai, Hui, Caligo, Maria A, Campbell, Ian, Cannioto, Rikki, Cassingham, Hayley, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chen, Kexin, Chiew, Yoke-Eng, Chung, Wendy K, Claes, Kathleen BM, Colonna, Sarah, Cook, Linda S, Couch, Fergus J, Daly, Mary B, Dao, Fanny, Davies, Eleanor, de la Hoya, Miguel, de Putter, Robin, Dennis, Joe, DePersia, Allison, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Doherty, Jennifer A, Domchek, Susan M, Dörk, Thilo, du Bois, Andreas, Dürst, Matthias, Eccles, Diana M, Eliassen, Heather A, Engel, Christoph, Evans, Gareth D, Fasching, Peter A, Flanagan, James M, Fortner, Renée T, Machackova, Eva, Friedman, Eitan, Ganz, Patricia A, Garber, Judy, Gensini, Francesca, Giles, Graham G, Glendon, Gord, Godwin, Andrew K, Goodman, Marc T, Greene, Mark H, Gronwald, Jacek, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hamann, Ute, Hansen, Thomas VO, Harris, Holly R, Hartman, Mikael, Heitz, Florian, Hildebrandt, Michelle AT, Høgdall, Estrid, Høgdall, Claus K, Hopper, John L, Huang, Ruea-Yea, Huff, Chad, Hulick, Peter J, Huntsman, David G, Imyanitov, Evgeny N, Isaacs, Claudine, Jakubowska, Anna, James, Paul A, and Janavicius, Ramunas
Subjects: GEMO Study Collaborators, GC-HBOC Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, OPAL Study Group, AOCS Group, KConFab Investigators, HEBON Investigators, OCAC Consortium, CIMBA Consortium, Genetics, Clinical Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Published: 2022

7. Polygenic risk modeling for prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer risk

Author: Dareng, Eileen O, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Barnes, Daniel R, Jones, Michelle R, Yang, Xin, Aben, Katja KH, Adank, Muriel A, Agata, Simona, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Aravantinos, Gerasimos, Arun, Banu K, Augustinsson, Annelie, Balmaña, Judith, Bandera, Elisa V, Barkardottir, Rosa B, Barrowdale, Daniel, Beckmann, Matthias W, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernardini, Marcus Q, Bjorge, Line, Black, Amanda, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Brenton, James D, Budzilowska, Agnieszka, Butzow, Ralf, Buys, Saundra S, Cai, Hui, Caligo, Maria A, Campbell, Ian, Cannioto, Rikki, Cassingham, Hayley, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chen, Kexin, Chiew, Yoke-Eng, Chung, Wendy K, Claes, Kathleen BM, Colonna, Sarah, Cook, Linda S, Couch, Fergus J, Daly, Mary B, Dao, Fanny, Davies, Eleanor, de la Hoya, Miguel, de Putter, Robin, Dennis, Joe, DePersia, Allison, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Doherty, Jennifer A, Domchek, Susan M, Dörk, Thilo, du Bois, Andreas, Dürst, Matthias, Eccles, Diana M, Eliassen, Heather A, Engel, Christoph, Evans, Gareth D, Fasching, Peter A, Flanagan, James M, Fortner, Renée T, Machackova, Eva, Friedman, Eitan, Ganz, Patricia A, Garber, Judy, Gensini, Francesca, Giles, Graham G, Glendon, Gord, Godwin, Andrew K, Goodman, Marc T, Greene, Mark H, Gronwald, Jacek, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hamann, Ute, Hansen, Thomas VO, Harris, Holly R, Hartman, Mikael, Heitz, Florian, Hildebrandt, Michelle AT, Høgdall, Estrid, Høgdall, Claus K, Hopper, John L, Huang, Ruea-Yea, Huff, Chad, Hulick, Peter J, Huntsman, David G, Imyanitov, Evgeny N, Isaacs, Claudine, Jakubowska, Anna, James, Paul A, and Janavicius, Ramunas
Subjects: Prevention, Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Rare Diseases, Good Health and Well Being, Bayes Theorem, Breast Neoplasms, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Male, Ovarian Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, GEMO Study Collaborators, GC-HBOC Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, OPAL Study Group, AOCS Group, KConFab Investigators, HEBON Investigators, OCAC Consortium, CIMBA Consortium, Genetics, Clinical Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have the potential to improve risk stratification. Joint estimation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) effects in models could improve predictive performance over standard approaches of PRS construction. Here, we implemented computationally efficient, penalized, logistic regression models (lasso, elastic net, stepwise) to individual level genotype data and a Bayesian framework with continuous shrinkage, "select and shrink for summary statistics" (S4), to summary level data for epithelial non-mucinous ovarian cancer risk prediction. We developed the models in a dataset consisting of 23,564 non-mucinous EOC cases and 40,138 controls participating in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC) and validated the best models in three populations of different ancestries: prospective data from 198,101 women of European ancestries; 7,669 women of East Asian ancestries; 1,072 women of African ancestries, and in 18,915 BRCA1 and 12,337 BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers of European ancestries. In the external validation data, the model with the strongest association for non-mucinous EOC risk derived from the OCAC model development data was the S4 model (27,240 SNPs) with odds ratios (OR) of 1.38 (95% CI: 1.28-1.48, AUC: 0.588) per unit standard deviation, in women of European ancestries; 1.14 (95% CI: 1.08-1.19, AUC: 0.538) in women of East Asian ancestries; 1.38 (95% CI: 1.21-1.58, AUC: 0.593) in women of African ancestries; hazard ratios of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.29-1.43, AUC: 0.592) in BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.35-1.64, AUC: 0.624) in BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. Incorporation of the S4 PRS in risk prediction models for ovarian cancer may have clinical utility in ovarian cancer prevention programs.
Published: 2022

8. Rare germline copy number variants (CNVs) and breast cancer risk

Author: Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Walker, Logan C, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Dorling, Leila, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Ahearn, Thomas U, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Freeman, Laura E Beane, Beckmann, Matthias W, Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Brenner, Hermann, Castelao, Jose E, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Clarke, Christine L, Collée, J Margriet, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Czene, Kamila, Devilee, Peter, Dörk, Thilo, Dossus, Laure, Eliassen, A Heather, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Figueroa, Jonine, Fletcher, Olivia, Flyger, Henrik, Fritschi, Lin, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, García-Closas, Montserrat, Giles, Graham G, González-Neira, Anna, Guénel, Pascal, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Hall, Per, Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hoppe, Reiner, Hopper, John L, Howell, Anthony, Jager, Agnes, Jakubowska, Anna, John, Esther M, Johnson, Nichola, Jones, Michael E, Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Keeman, Renske, Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kitahara, Cari M, Ko, Yon-Dschun, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Koutros, Stella, Kraft, Peter, Kristensen, Vessela N, Kubelka-Sabit, Katerina, Kurian, Allison W, Lacey, James V, Lambrechts, Diether, Larson, Nicole L, Linet, Martha, Ogrodniczak, Alicja, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, Milne, Roger L, Muranen, Taru A, Murphy, Rachel A, Nevanlinna, Heli, Olson, Janet E, Olsson, Håkan, Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won, Perou, Charles M, Peterlongo, Paolo, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Dijana, Pylkäs, Katri, Rennert, Gad, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sandler, Dale P, Sawyer, Elinor J, Schmidt, Marjanka K, Schmutzler, Rita K, Shibli, Rana, Smeets, Ann, and Soucy, Penny
Subjects: Human Genome, Breast Cancer, Genetics, Clinical Research, Cancer, Prevention, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Breast Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, DNA Copy Number Variations, Female, Genome, Human, Genome-Wide Association Study, Germ Cells, Humans, Risk Factors, NBCS Collaborators, CTS Consortium, ABCTB Investigators, kConFab/AOCS Investigators
Abstract: Germline copy number variants (CNVs) are pervasive in the human genome but potential disease associations with rare CNVs have not been comprehensively assessed in large datasets. We analysed rare CNVs in genes and non-coding regions for 86,788 breast cancer cases and 76,122 controls of European ancestry with genome-wide array data. Gene burden tests detected the strongest association for deletions in BRCA1 (P = 3.7E-18). Nine other genes were associated with a p-value
Published: 2022

9. Identification of a Locus Near ULK1 Associated With Progression-Free Survival in Ovarian Cancer

Author: Quinn, Michael CJ, McCue, Karen, Shi, Wei, Johnatty, Sharon E, Beesley, Jonathan, Civitarese, Andrew, O'Mara, Tracy A, Glubb, Dylan M, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Armasu, Sebastian M, Ong, Jue-Sheng, Gharahkhani, Puya, Lu, Yi, Gao, Bo, Patch, Ann-Marie, Fasching, Peter A, Beckmann, Matthias W, Lambrechts, Diether, Vergote, Ignace, Edwards, Digna R Velez, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Garcia, Maria J, Goodman, Marc T, Dörk, Thilo, Dürst, Matthias, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten, du Bois, Andreas, Pfisterer, Jacobus, Bauman, Klaus, Group, for the AGO Study, Karlan, Beth Y, Lester, Jenny, Cunningham, Julie M, Larson, Melissa C, McCauley, Bryan M, Kjaer, Susanne K, Jensen, Allan, Hogdall, Claus K, Hogdall, Estrid, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Riggan, Marjorie J, Berchuck, Andrew, Cramer, Daniel W, Terry, Kathryn L, Bjorge, Line, Webb, Penelope M, Group, for the OPAL Study, Friedlander, Michael, Pejovic, Tanja, Moffitt, Melissa, Glasspool, Rosalind, May, Taymaa, Ene, Gabrielle EV, Huntsman, David G, Woo, Michelle, Carney, Michael E, Hinsley, Samantha, Heitz, Florian, Fereday, Sian, Kennedy, Catherine J, Edwards, Stacey L, Winham, Stacey J, deFazio, Anna, Group, for Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Pharoah, Paul DP, Goode, Ellen L, MacGregor, Stuart, and Chenevix-Trench, Georgia
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Prevention, Human Genome, Cancer, Genetics, Ovarian Cancer, Rare Diseases, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Autophagy-Related Protein-1 Homolog, Biomarkers, Tumor, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Female, Gene Knockout Techniques, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Ovarian Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Progression-Free Survival, AGO Study Group, OPAL Study Group, for Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Medical and Health Sciences, Epidemiology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract: BackgroundMany loci have been found to be associated with risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, although there is considerable variation in progression-free survival (PFS), no loci have been found to be associated with outcome at genome-wide levels of significance.MethodsWe carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of PFS in 2,352 women with EOC who had undergone cytoreductive surgery and standard carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy.ResultsWe found seven SNPs at 12q24.33 associated with PFS (P < 5 × 10-8), the top SNP being rs10794418 (HR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.15-1.34; P = 1.47 × 10-8). High expression of a nearby gene, ULK1, is associated with shorter PFS in EOC, and with poor prognosis in other cancers. SNP rs10794418 is also associated with expression of ULK1 in ovarian tumors, with the allele associated with shorter PFS being associated with higher expression, and chromatin interactions were detected between the ULK1 promoter and associated SNPs in serous and endometrioid EOC cell lines. ULK1 knockout ovarian cancer cell lines showed significantly increased sensitivity to carboplatin in vitro.ConclusionsThe locus at 12q24.33 represents one of the first genome-wide significant loci for survival for any cancer. ULK1 is a plausible candidate for the target of this association.ImpactThis finding provides insight into genetic markers associated with EOC outcome and potential treatment options.See related commentary by Peres and Monteiro, p. 1604.
Published: 2021

10. Pleiotropy-guided transcriptome imputation from normal and tumor tissues identifies candidate susceptibility genes for breast and ovarian cancer.

Author: Kar, Siddhartha P, Considine, Daniel PC, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Plummer, Jasmine T, Chen, Stephanie, Dezem, Felipe S, Barbeira, Alvaro N, Rajagopal, Padma S, Rosenow, Will T, Moreno, Fernando, Bodelon, Clara, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, deFazio, Anna, Dörk, Thilo, Ekici, Arif B, Ewing, Ailith, Fountzilas, George, Goode, Ellen L, Hartman, Mikael, Heitz, Florian, Hillemanns, Peter, Høgdall, Estrid, Høgdall, Claus K, Huzarski, Tomasz, Jensen, Allan, Karlan, Beth Y, Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Kjaer, Susanne K, Klapdor, Rüdiger, Köbel, Martin, Li, Jingmei, Liebrich, Clemens, May, Taymaa, Olsson, Håkan, Permuth, Jennifer B, Peterlongo, Paolo, Radice, Paolo, Ramus, Susan J, Riggan, Marjorie J, Risch, Harvey A, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Simard, Jacques, Szafron, Lukasz M, Titus, Linda, Thompson, Cheryl L, Vierkant, Robert A, Winham, Stacey J, Zheng, Wei, Doherty, Jennifer A, Berchuck, Andrew, Lawrenson, Kate, Im, Hae Kyung, Manichaikul, Ani W, Pharoah, Paul DP, Gayther, Simon A, and Schildkraut, Joellen M
Subjects: Biotechnology, Genetics, Prevention, Cancer, Breast Cancer, Human Genome, Ovarian Cancer, Rare Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors
Abstract: Familial, sequencing, and genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and genetic correlation analyses have progressively unraveled the shared or pleiotropic germline genetics of breast and ovarian cancer. In this study, we aimed to leverage this shared germline genetics to improve the power of transcriptome-wide association studies (TWASs) to identify candidate breast cancer and ovarian cancer susceptibility genes. We built gene expression prediction models using the PrediXcan method in 681 breast and 295 ovarian tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas and 211 breast and 99 ovarian normal tissue samples from the Genotype-Tissue Expression project and integrated these with GWAS meta-analysis data from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (122,977 cases/105,974 controls) and the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (22,406 cases/40,941 controls). The integration was achieved through application of a pleiotropy-guided conditional/conjunction false discovery rate (FDR) approach in the setting of a TWASs. This identified 14 candidate breast cancer susceptibility genes spanning 11 genomic regions and 8 candidate ovarian cancer susceptibility genes spanning 5 genomic regions at conjunction FDR < 0.05 that were >1 Mb away from known breast and/or ovarian cancer susceptibility loci. We also identified 38 candidate breast cancer susceptibility genes and 17 candidate ovarian cancer susceptibility genes at conjunction FDR < 0.05 at known breast and/or ovarian susceptibility loci. The 22 genes identified by our cross-cancer analysis represent promising candidates that further elucidate the role of the transcriptome in mediating germline breast and ovarian cancer risk.
Published: 2021

11. Author Correction: A case-only study to identify genetic modifiers of breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers.

Author: Coignard, Juliette, Lush, Michael, Beesley, Jonathan, O'Mara, Tracy A, Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Barnes, Daniel R, McGuffog, Lesley, Leslie, Goska, Bolla, Manjeet K, Adank, Muriel A, Agata, Simona, Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Arnold, Norbert, Aronson, Kristan J, Arun, Banu K, Augustinsson, Annelie, Azzollini, Jacopo, Barrowdale, Daniel, Baynes, Caroline, Becher, Heko, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Białkowska, Katarzyna, Blomqvist, Carl, Bojesen, Stig E, Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S, Caldés, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Campa, Daniele, Carter, Brian D, Castelao, Jose E, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chung, Wendy K, Claes, Kathleen BM, Clarke, Christine L, GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, Collée, J Margriet, Conroy, Don M, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Domchek, Susan M, Dörk, Thilo, Dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dunning, Alison M, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Eliassen, A Heather, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Flyger, Henrik, Fostira, Florentia, Friedman, Eitan, Fritschi, Lin, Frost, Debra, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M, Garber, Judy, Garcia-Barberan, Vanesa, García-Closas, Montserrat, García-Sáenz, José A, Gaudet, Mia M, Gayther, Simon A, Gehrig, Andrea, Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G, Godwin, Andrew K, Goldberg, Mark S, Goldgar, David E, González-Neira, Anna, Greene, Mark H, Guénel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A, Hart, Steven N, He, Wei, Hogervorst, Frans BL, Hollestelle, Antoinette, and Hopper, John L
Subjects: GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, KConFab Investigators, HEBON Investigators, ABCTB Investigators, Cancer
Abstract: A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23162-4.
Published: 2021

12. Population-based targeted sequencing of 54 candidate genes identifies PALB2 as a susceptibility gene for high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Author: Song, Honglin, Dicks, Ed M, Tyrer, Jonathan, Intermaggio, Maria, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Bowtell, David D, Traficante, Nadia, Group, AOCS, Brenton, James, Goranova, Teodora, Hosking, Karen, Piskorz, Anna, van Oudenhove, Elke, Doherty, Jen, Harris, Holly R, Rossing, Mary Anne, Duerst, Matthias, Dork, Thilo, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten, Odunsi, Kunle, Ness, Roberta, Karlan, Beth Y, Lester, Jenny, Jensen, Allan, Kjaer, Susanne Krüger, Høgdall, Estrid, Campbell, Ian G, Lázaro, Conxi, Pujara, Miguel Angel, Cunningham, Julie, Vierkant, Robert, Winham, Stacey J, Hildebrandt, Michelle, Huff, Chad, Li, Donghui, Wu, Xifeng, Yu, Yao, Permuth, Jennifer B, Levine, Douglas A, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Riggan, Marjorie J, Berchuck, Andrew, Webb, Penelope M, Group, OPAL Study, Cybulski, Cezary, Gronwald, Jacek, Jakubowska, Anna, Lubinski, Jan, Alsop, Jennifer, Harrington, Patricia, Chan, Isaac, Menon, Usha, Pearce, Celeste L, Wu, Anna H, de Fazio, Anna, Kennedy, Catherine J, Goode, Ellen, Ramus, Susan, Gayther, Simon, and Pharoah, Paul
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Orphan Drug, Ovarian Cancer, Prevention, Clinical Research, Rare Diseases, Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Case-Control Studies, Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group N Protein, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Variation, Humans, Ovarian Neoplasms, Risk Assessment, cancer, endocrine, genetic epidemiology, cancer: endocrine, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity, Clinical sciences
Abstract: PurposeThe known epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) susceptibility genes account for less than 50% of the heritable risk of ovarian cancer suggesting that other susceptibility genes exist. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution to ovarian cancer susceptibility of rare deleterious germline variants in a set of candidate genes.MethodsWe sequenced the coding region of 54 candidate genes in 6385 invasive EOC cases and 6115 controls of broad European ancestry. Genes with an increased frequency of putative deleterious variants in cases versus controls were further examined in an independent set of 14 135 EOC cases and 28 655 controls from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium and the UK Biobank. For each gene, we estimated the EOC risks and evaluated associations between germline variant status and clinical characteristics.ResultsThe ORs associated for high-grade serous ovarian cancer were 3.01 for PALB2 (95% CI 1.59 to 5.68; p=0.00068), 1.99 for POLK (95% CI 1.15 to 3.43; p=0.014) and 4.07 for SLX4 (95% CI 1.34 to 12.4; p=0.013). Deleterious mutations in FBXO10 were associated with a reduced risk of disease (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.07 to 1.00, p=0.049). However, based on the Bayes false discovery probability, only the association for PALB2 in high-grade serous ovarian cancer is likely to represent a true positive.ConclusionsWe have found strong evidence that carriers of PALB2 deleterious mutations are at increased risk of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Whether the magnitude of risk is sufficiently high to warrant the inclusion of PALB2 in cancer gene panels for ovarian cancer risk testing is unclear; much larger sample sizes will be needed to provide sufficiently precise estimates for clinical counselling.
Published: 2021

13. A case-only study to identify genetic modifiers of breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers.

Author: Coignard, Juliette, Lush, Michael, Beesley, Jonathan, O'Mara, Tracy A, Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Barnes, Daniel R, McGuffog, Lesley, Leslie, Goska, Bolla, Manjeet K, Adank, Muriel A, Agata, Simona, Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Arnold, Norbert, Aronson, Kristan J, Arun, Banu K, Augustinsson, Annelie, Azzollini, Jacopo, Barrowdale, Daniel, Baynes, Caroline, Becher, Heiko, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Białkowska, Katarzyna, Blomqvist, Carl, Bojesen, Stig E, Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S, Caldés, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Campa, Daniele, Carter, Brian D, Castelao, Jose E, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chung, Wendy K, Claes, Kathleen BM, Clarke, Christine L, GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, Collée, J Margriet, Conroy, Don M, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Domchek, Susan M, Dörk, Thilo, Dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dunning, Alison M, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Eliassen, A Heather, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Flyger, Henrik, Fostira, Florentia, Friedman, Eitan, Fritschi, Lin, Frost, Debra, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M, Garber, Judy, Garcia-Barberan, Vanesa, García-Closas, Montserrat, García-Sáenz, José A, Gaudet, Mia M, Gayther, Simon A, Gehrig, Andrea, Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G, Godwin, Andrew K, Goldberg, Mark S, Goldgar, David E, González-Neira, Anna, Greene, Mark H, Guénel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A, Hart, Steven N, He, Wei, Hogervorst, Frans BL, Hollestelle, Antoinette, and Hopper, John L
Subjects: GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, KConFab Investigators, HEBON Investigators, ABCTB Investigators, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, BRCA1 Protein, BRCA2 Protein, Risk Factors, Genotype, Linkage Disequilibrium, Mutation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Alleles, Quantitative Trait Loci, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Breast Cancer, Prevention, Cancer, Genetic Testing, Human Genome, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors
Abstract: Breast cancer (BC) risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers varies by genetic and familial factors. About 50 common variants have been shown to modify BC risk for mutation carriers. All but three, were identified in general population studies. Other mutation carrier-specific susceptibility variants may exist but studies of mutation carriers have so far been underpowered. We conduct a novel case-only genome-wide association study comparing genotype frequencies between 60,212 general population BC cases and 13,007 cases with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. We identify robust novel associations for 2 variants with BC for BRCA1 and 3 for BRCA2 mutation carriers, P
Published: 2021

14. Identification of novel epithelial ovarian cancer loci in women of African ancestry

Author: Manichaikul, Ani, Peres, Lauren C, Wang, Xin‐Qun, Barnard, Mollie E, Chyn, Deanna, Sheng, Xin, Du, Zhaohui, Tyrer, Jonathan, Dennis, Joseph, Schwartz, Ann G, Cote, Michele L, Peters, Edward, Moorman, Patricia G, Bondy, Melissa, Barnholtz‐Sloan, Jill S, Terry, Paul, Alberg, Anthony J, Bandera, Elisa V, Funkhouser, Ellen, Wu, Anna H, Pearce, Celeste Leigh, Pike, Malcom, Setiawan, Veronica Wendy, Haiman, Christopher A, Consortium, the African American Breast Cancer, Consortium, the African Ancestry Prostate Cancer, Palmer, Julie R, LeMarchand, Loic, Wilkens, Lynne R, Berchuck, Andrew, Doherty, Jennifer A, Modugno, Francesmary, Ness, Roberta, Moysich, Kirsten, Karlan, Beth Y, Whittemore, Alice S, McGuire, Valerie, Sieh, Weiva, Lawrenson, Kate, Gayther, Simon, Sellers, Thomas A, Pharoah, Paul, Schildkraut, Joellen M, and Consortium, the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study and the Ovarian Cancer Association
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Biotechnology, Cancer, Prevention, Ovarian Cancer, Rare Diseases, Genetics, Clinical Research, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Black or African American, Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3, Antigens, Neoplasm, Black People, Breast Neoplasms, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Female, Follistatin, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Neoplasm Proteins, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, United States, White People, ovarian cancer, African ancestry, genome wide association study, gene expression, eQTLs, African American Breast Cancer Consortium, African Ancestry Prostate Cancer Consortium, African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES) and the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: Women of African ancestry have lower incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) yet worse survival compared to women of European ancestry. We conducted a genome-wide association study in African ancestry women with 755 EOC cases, including 537 high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC) and 1,235 controls. We identified four novel loci with suggestive evidence of association with EOC (p
Published: 2020

15. Fine-mapping of 150 breast cancer risk regions identifies 191 likely target genes.

Author: Fachal, Laura, Aschard, Hugues, Beesley, Jonathan, Barnes, Daniel R, Allen, Jamie, Kar, Siddhartha, Pooley, Karen A, Dennis, Joe, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Turman, Constance, Soucy, Penny, Lemaçon, Audrey, Lush, Michael, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Ghoussaini, Maya, Moradi Marjaneh, Mahdi, Jiang, Xia, Agata, Simona, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Alonso, M Rosario, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Arason, Adalgeir, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Arun, Banu K, Auber, Bernd, Auer, Paul L, Azzollini, Jacopo, Balmaña, Judith, Barkardottir, Rosa B, Barrowdale, Daniel, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Białkowska, Katarzyna, Blanco, Amie M, Blomqvist, Carl, Blot, William, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Bolla, Manjeet K, Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Bosse, Kristin, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Briceno, Ignacio, Brock, Ian W, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Brüning, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S, Cai, Qiuyin, Caldés, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Camp, Nicola J, Campbell, Ian, Canzian, Federico, Carroll, Jason S, Carter, Brian D, Castelao, Jose E, Chiquette, Jocelyne, Christiansen, Hans, Chung, Wendy K, Claes, Kathleen BM, Clarke, Christine L, GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, Collée, J Margriet, Cornelissen, Sten, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Cybulski, Cezary, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, de la Hoya, Miguel, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Dite, Gillian S, Domchek, Susan M, Dörk, Thilo, Dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Droit, Arnaud, Dubois, Stéphane, Dumont, Martine, Duran, Mercedes, Durcan, Lorraine, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Fletcher, Olivia, Floris, Giuseppe, and Flyger, Henrik
Subjects: GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, KConFab Investigators, HEBON Investigators, ABCTB Investigators, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Bayes Theorem, Risk Factors, Chromosome Mapping, Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Linkage Disequilibrium, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Biomarkers, Tumor, Genetic Testing, Prevention, Genetics, Cancer, Breast Cancer, Human Genome, Biotechnology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Developmental Biology, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies have identified breast cancer risk variants in over 150 genomic regions, but the mechanisms underlying risk remain largely unknown. These regions were explored by combining association analysis with in silico genomic feature annotations. We defined 205 independent risk-associated signals with the set of credible causal variants in each one. In parallel, we used a Bayesian approach (PAINTOR) that combines genetic association, linkage disequilibrium and enriched genomic features to determine variants with high posterior probabilities of being causal. Potentially causal variants were significantly over-represented in active gene regulatory regions and transcription factor binding sites. We applied our INQUSIT pipeline for prioritizing genes as targets of those potentially causal variants, using gene expression (expression quantitative trait loci), chromatin interaction and functional annotations. Known cancer drivers, transcription factors and genes in the developmental, apoptosis, immune system and DNA integrity checkpoint gene ontology pathways were over-represented among the highest-confidence target genes.
Published: 2020

16. Population based targeted sequencing of 54 candidate genes identifies PALB2 as a susceptibility gene for high grade serous ovarian cancer

Author: Song, Honglin, Dicks, Ed, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Intermaggio, Maria, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Bowtell, David D, Traficante, Nadia, Group, AOCS, Brenton, James D, Goranova, Teodora, Hosking, Karen, Piskorz, Anna, Van Oudenhove, Elke, Doherty, Jennifer Anne, Harris, Holly R, Rossing, Mary Anne, Dürst, Matthias, Dörk, Thilo, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten B, Odunsi, Kunle, Ness, Roberta B, Karlan, Beth Y, Lester, Jenny, Jensen, Allan, Kjaer, Susanne K, Høgdall, Estrid, Campbell, Ian, Lazaro, Conxi, Pujana, Miquel Angel, Cunningham, Julie M, Vierkant, Robert A, Winham, Stacey J, Hildebrandt, Michelle AT, Huff, Chad, Li, Donghui, Wu, Xifeng, Yu, Yao, Permuth, Jennifer B, Levine, Douglas A, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Riggan, Marjorie J, Berchuck, Andrew, Webb, Penelope M, Group, OPAL Study, Cybulski, Cezary, Gronwald, Jacek, Jakubowska, Anna, Lubiński, Jan, Alsop, Jennifer, Harrington, Patricia A, Chan, Isaac, Menon, Usha, Pearce, Celeste L, Wu, Anna H, de Fazio, Anna, Kennedy, Catherine J, Goode, Ellen L, Ramus, Susan J, Gayther, Simon A, and Pharoah, Paul DP
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Health Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Orphan Drug, Clinical Research, Human Genome, Rare Diseases, Ovarian Cancer, Cancer, Prevention, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology
Abstract: Abstract: Purpose: The known EOC susceptibility genes account for less than 50% of the heritable risk of ovarian cancer suggesting other susceptibility genes exist. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution to ovarian cancer susceptibility of rare deleterious germline variants in a set of candidate genes. Methods: We sequenced the coding region of 54 candidate genes in 6385 invasive EOC cases and 6115 controls of broad European ancestry. Genes with an increased frequency of putative deleterious variants in cases verses controls were further examined in an independent set of 14,146 EOC cases and 28,661 controls from the ovarian cancer association consortium and the UK Biobank. For each gene, we estimated the EOC risks and evaluated associations between germline variant status and clinical characteristics. Results: The odds ratios (OR) associated for high-grade serous ovarian cancer were 3.01 for PALB2 (95% CI 1.59 – 5.68; P = 0.00068), 1.99 for POLK (95% CI 1.15 – 3.43; P = 0.014), and 4.07 for SLX4 (95% CI 1.34-12.4; P = 0.013). Deleterious mutations in FBXO10 were associated with a reduced risk of disease (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.07 −1.00, P=0.049). However, based on the Bayes false discovery probability, only the association for PALB2 in high-grade serous ovarian cancer is likely to represent a true positive. Conclusions: We have found strong evidence that carriers of PALB2 deleterious mutations are at increased risk of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Whether the magnitude of risk is sufficiently high to warrant the inclusion of PALB2 in cancer gene panels for ovarian cancer risk testing is unclear; much larger sample sizes will be needed to provide sufficiently precise estimates for clinical counselling.
Published: 2019

17. Publisher Correction: Shared heritability and functional enrichment across six solid cancers.

Author: Jiang, Xia, Finucane, Hilary K, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Schmit, Stephanie L, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Han, Younghun, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Lesseur, Corina, Kuchenbaecker, Karoline B, Dennis, Joe, Conti, David V, Casey, Graham, Gaudet, Mia M, Huyghe, Jeroen R, Albanes, Demetrius, Aldrich, Melinda C, Andrew, Angeline S, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antoniou, Antonis C, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Arnold, Susanne M, Aronson, Kristan J, Arun, Banu K, Bandera, Elisa V, Barkardottir, Rosa B, Barnes, Daniel R, Batra, Jyotsna, Beckmann, Matthias W, Benitez, Javier, Benlloch, Sara, Berchuck, Andrew, Berndt, Sonja I, Bickeböller, Heike, Bien, Stephanie A, Blomqvist, Carl, Boccia, Stefania, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Bolla, Manjeet K, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Brenton, James D, Brook, Mark N, Brunet, Joan, Brunnström, Hans, Buchanan, Daniel D, Burwinkel, Barbara, Butzow, Ralf, Cadoni, Gabriella, Caldés, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Campbell, Ian, Campbell, Peter T, Cancel-Tassin, Géraldine, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Campa, Daniele, Caporaso, Neil, Carvalho, André L, Chan, Andrew T, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chen, Chu, Christiani, David C, Claes, Kathleen BM, Claessens, Frank, Clements, Judith, Collée, J Margriet, Correa, Marcia Cruz, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cunningham, Julie M, Cybulski, Cezary, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, deFazio, Anna, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Donovan, Jenny L, Dörk, Thilo, Duell, Eric J, Dunning, Alison M, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Edlund, Christopher K, Edwards, Digna R Velez, Ellberg, Carolina, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Ferris, Robert L, Liloglou, Triantafillos, Figueiredo, Jane C, Fletcher, Olivia, Fortner, Renée T, Fostira, Florentia, Franceschi, Silvia, Friedman, Eitan, Gallinger, Steven J, and Ganz, Patricia A
Subjects: MD Multidisciplinary
Abstract: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Published: 2019

18. Genome-wide association studies identify susceptibility loci for epithelial ovarian cancer in east Asian women

Author: Lawrenson, Kate, Song, Fengju, Hazelett, Dennis J, Kar, Siddhartha P, Tyrer, Jonathan, Phelan, Catherine M, Corona, Rosario I, Rodríguez-Malavé, Norma I, Seo, Ji-Hei, Adler, Emily, Coetzee, Simon G, Segato, Felipe, Fonseca, Marcos AS, Amos, Christopher I, Carney, Michael E, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Choi, Jiyeob, Doherty, Jennifer A, Jia, Weihua, Jin, Gang J, Kim, Byoung-Gie, Le, Nhu D, Lee, Juyeon, Li, Lian, Lim, Boon K, Adenan, Noor A, Mizuno, Mika, Park, Boyoung, Pearce, Celeste L, Shan, Kang, Shi, Yongyong, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Sieh, Weiva, Group, The Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Thompson, Pamela J, Wilkens, Lynne R, Wei, Qingyi, Woo, Yin L, Yan, Li, Karlan, Beth Y, Freedman, Matthew L, Noushmehr, Houtan, Goode, Ellen L, Berchuck, Andrew, Sellers, Thomas A, Teo, Soo-Hwang, Zheng, Wei, Matsuo, Keitaro, Park, Sue, Chen, Kexin, Pharoah, Paul DP, Gayther, Simon A, and Goodman, Marc T
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Biotechnology, Human Genome, Ovarian Cancer, Genetics, Prevention, Clinical Research, Rare Diseases, Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Asian People, Base Sequence, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Case-Control Studies, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Genome-wide association study, Asian ancestry, Epithelial ovarian cancer, Enhancer, eQTL, Gene regulation, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Clinical sciences, Oncology and carcinogenesis, Reproductive medicine
Abstract: ObjectiveGenome-wide association studies (GWASs) for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have focused largely on populations of European ancestry. We aimed to identify common germline variants associated with EOC risk in Asian women.MethodsGenotyping was performed as part of the OncoArray project. Samples with >60% Asian ancestry were included in the analysis. Genotyping was performed on 533,631 SNPs in 3238 Asian subjects diagnosed with invasive or borderline EOC and 4083 unaffected controls. After imputation, genotypes were available for 11,595,112 SNPs to identify associations.ResultsAt chromosome 6p25.2, SNP rs7748275 was associated with risk of serous EOC (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34, P = 8.7 × 10-9) and high-grade serous EOC (HGSOC) (OR = 1.34, P = 4.3 × 10-9). SNP rs6902488 at 6p25.2 (r2 = 0.97 with rs7748275) lies in an active enhancer and is predicted to impact binding of STAT3, P300 and ELF1. We identified additional risk loci with low Bayesian false discovery probability (BFDP) scores, indicating they are likely to be true risk associations (BFDP
Published: 2019

19. A comprehensive gene–environment interaction analysis in Ovarian Cancer using genome‐wide significant common variants

Author: Kim, Sehee, Wang, Miao, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Jensen, Allan, Wiensch, Ashley, Liu, Gang, Lee, Alice W, Ness, Roberta B, Salvatore, Maxwell, Tworoger, Shelley S, Whittemore, Alice S, Anton‐Culver, Hoda, Sieh, Weiva, Olson, Sara H, Berchuck, Andrew, Goode, Ellen L, Goodman, Marc T, Doherty, Jennifer Anne, Chenevix‐Trench, Georgia, Rossing, Mary Anne, Webb, Penelope M, Giles, Graham G, Terry, Kathryn L, Ziogas, Argyrios, Fortner, Renée T, Menon, Usha, Gayther, Simon A, Wu, Anna H, Song, Honglin, Brooks‐Wilson, Angela, Bandera, Elisa V, Cook, Linda S, Cramer, Daniel W, Milne, Roger L, Winham, Stacey J, Kjaer, Susanne K, Modugno, Francesmary, Thompson, Pamela J, Chang‐Claude, Jenny, Harris, Holly R, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Le, Nhu D, Wentzensen, Nico, Trabert, Britton, Høgdall, Estrid, Huntsman, David, Pike, Malcolm C, Pharoah, Paul DP, Pearce, Celeste Leigh, and Mukherjee, Bhramar
Subjects: Rare Diseases, Human Genome, Clinical Research, Genetics, Patient Safety, Cancer, Prevention, Ovarian Cancer, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Good Health and Well Being, Case-Control Studies, Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal, Environment, Environmental Exposure, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Ovarian Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk, ovarian cancer, genetics, additive interaction, G x E, G × E, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Oncology & Carcinogenesis
Abstract: As a follow-up to genome-wide association analysis of common variants associated with ovarian carcinoma (cancer), our study considers seven well-known ovarian cancer risk factors and their interactions with 28 genome-wide significant common genetic variants. The interaction analyses were based on data from 9971 ovarian cancer cases and 15,566 controls from 17 case-control studies. Likelihood ratio and Wald tests for multiplicative interaction and for relative excess risk due to additive interaction were used. The top multiplicative interaction was noted between oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use (ever vs. never) and rs13255292 (p value = 3.48 × 10-4 ). Among women with the TT genotype for this variant, the odds ratio for OCP use was 0.53 (95% CI = 0.46-0.60) compared to 0.71 (95%CI = 0.66-0.77) for women with the CC genotype. When stratified by duration of OCP use, women with 1-5 years of OCP use exhibited differential protective benefit across genotypes. However, no interaction on either the multiplicative or additive scale was found to be statistically significant after multiple testing correction. The results suggest that OCP use may offer increased benefit for women who are carriers of the T allele in rs13255292. On the other hand, for women carrying the C allele in this variant, longer (5+ years) use of OCP may reduce the impact of carrying the risk allele of this SNP. Replication of this finding is needed. The study presents a comprehensive analytic framework for conducting gene-environment analysis in ovarian cancer.
Published: 2019

20. Functional analysis and fine mapping of the 9p22.2 ovarian cancer susceptibility locus

Author: Buckley, Melissa A, Woods, Nicholas T, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Mendoza-Fandiño, Gustavo, Lawrenson, Kate, Hazelett, Dennis J, Najafabadi, Hamed S, Gjyshi, Anxhela, Carvalho, Renato S, Lyra, Paulo C, Coetzee, Simon G, Shen, Howard C, Yang, Ally W, Earp, Madalene A, Yoder, Sean J, Risch, Harvey, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Ramus, Susan J, Phelan, Catherine M, Coetzee, Gerhard A, Noushmehr, Houtan, Hughes, Timothy R, Sellers, Thomas A, Goode, Ellen L, Pharoah, Paul D, Gayther, Simon A, and Monteiro, Alvaro NA
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Genetics, Prevention, Human Genome, Cancer, Rare Diseases, Biotechnology, Ovarian Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Base Sequence, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Cell Cycle Proteins, Cell Line, Tumor, Chromosome Mapping, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9, Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous, DNA, Neoplasm, DNA-Binding Proteins, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, HEK293 Cells, Humans, Linkage Disequilibrium, Ovarian Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Biochemistry and cell biology, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies have identified 40 ovarian cancer risk loci. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations remain elusive. In this study, we conducted a two-pronged approach to identify candidate causal SNPs and assess underlying biological mechanisms at chromosome 9p22.2, the first and most statistically significant associated locus for ovarian cancer susceptibility. Three transcriptional regulatory elements with allele-specific effects and a scaffold/matrix attachment region were characterized and, through physical DNA interactions, BNC2 was established as the most likely target gene. We determined the consensus binding sequence for BNC2 in vitro, verified its enrichment in BNC2 ChIP-seq regions, and validated a set of its downstream target genes. Fine-mapping by dense regional genotyping in over 15,000 ovarian cancer cases and 30,000 controls identified SNPs in the scaffold/matrix attachment region as among the most likely causal variants. This study reveals a comprehensive regulatory landscape at 9p22.2 and proposes a likely mechanism of susceptibility to ovarian cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Mapping the 9p22.2 ovarian cancer risk locus identifies BNC2 as an ovarian cancer risk gene.See related commentary by Choi and Brown, p. 439.
Published: 2019

21. Genetic Data from Nearly 63,000 Women of European Descent Predicts DNA Methylation Biomarkers and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk

Author: Yang, Yaohua, Wu, Lang, Shu, Xiang, Lu, Yingchang, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Cai, Qiuyin, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Li, Bingshan, Ye, Fei, Berchuck, Andrew, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Banerjee, Susana, Benitez, Javier, Bjørge, Line, Brenton, James D, Butzow, Ralf, Campbell, Ian G, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chen, Kexin, Cook, Linda S, Cramer, Daniel W, deFazio, Anna, Dennis, Joe, Doherty, Jennifer A, Dörk, Thilo, Eccles, Diana M, Edwards, Digna Velez, Fasching, Peter A, Fortner, Renée T, Gayther, Simon A, Giles, Graham G, Glasspool, Rosalind M, Goode, Ellen L, Goodman, Marc T, Gronwald, Jacek, Harris, Holly R, Heitz, Florian, Hildebrandt, Michelle A, Høgdall, Estrid, Høgdall, Claus K, Huntsman, David G, Kar, Siddhartha P, Karlan, Beth Y, Kelemen, Linda E, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Kjaer, Susanne K, Koushik, Anita, Lambrechts, Diether, Le, Nhu D, Levine, Douglas A, Massuger, Leon F, Matsuo, Keitaro, May, Taymaa, McNeish, Iain A, Menon, Usha, Modugno, Francesmary, Monteiro, Alvaro N, Moorman, Patricia G, Moysich, Kirsten B, Ness, Roberta B, Nevanlinna, Heli, Olsson, Håkan, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, Park, Sue K, Paul, James, Pearce, Celeste L, Pejovic, Tanja, Phelan, Catherine M, Pike, Malcolm C, Ramus, Susan J, Riboli, Elio, Rodriguez-Antona, Cristina, Romieu, Isabelle, Sandler, Dale P, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Setiawan, Veronica W, Shan, Kang, Siddiqui, Nadeem, Sieh, Weiva, Stampfer, Meir J, Sutphen, Rebecca, Swerdlow, Anthony J, Szafron, Lukasz M, Teo, Soo Hwang, Tworoger, Shelley S, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Webb, Penelope M, Wentzensen, Nicolas, White, Emily, Willett, Walter C, Wolk, Alicja, Woo, Yin Ling, Wu, Anna H, Yan, Li, Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Sellers, Thomas A, Pharoah, Paul DP, Zheng, Wei, and Long, Jirong
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Genetics, Biotechnology, Rare Diseases, Ovarian Cancer, Cancer Genomics, Prevention, Women's Health, Cancer, Clinical Research, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Biomarkers, Tumor, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Cohort Studies, DNA Methylation, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Models, Genetic, Ovarian Neoplasms, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk, White People, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Biochemistry and cell biology, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: DNA methylation is instrumental for gene regulation. Global changes in the epigenetic landscape have been recognized as a hallmark of cancer. However, the role of DNA methylation in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains unclear. In this study, high-density genetic and DNA methylation data in white blood cells from the Framingham Heart Study (N = 1,595) were used to build genetic models to predict DNA methylation levels. These prediction models were then applied to the summary statistics of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of ovarian cancer including 22,406 EOC cases and 40,941 controls to investigate genetically predicted DNA methylation levels in association with EOC risk. Among 62,938 CpG sites investigated, genetically predicted methylation levels at 89 CpG were significantly associated with EOC risk at a Bonferroni-corrected threshold of P < 7.94 × 10-7. Of them, 87 were located at GWAS-identified EOC susceptibility regions and two resided in a genomic region not previously reported to be associated with EOC risk. Integrative analyses of genetic, methylation, and gene expression data identified consistent directions of associations across 12 CpG, five genes, and EOC risk, suggesting that methylation at these 12 CpG may influence EOC risk by regulating expression of these five genes, namely MAPT, HOXB3, ABHD8, ARHGAP27, and SKAP1. We identified novel DNA methylation markers associated with EOC risk and propose that methylation at multiple CpG may affect EOC risk via regulation of gene expression. SIGNIFICANCE: Identification of novel DNA methylation markers associated with EOC risk suggests that methylation at multiple CpG may affect EOC risk through regulation of gene expression.
Published: 2019

22. Shared heritability and functional enrichment across six solid cancers.

Author: Jiang, Xia, Finucane, Hilary K, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Schmit, Stephanie L, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Han, Younghun, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Lesseur, Corina, Kuchenbaecker, Karoline B, Dennis, Joe, Conti, David V, Casey, Graham, Gaudet, Mia M, Huyghe, Jeroen R, Albanes, Demetrius, Aldrich, Melinda C, Andrew, Angeline S, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antoniou, Antonis C, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Arnold, Susanne M, Aronson, Kristan J, Arun, Banu K, Bandera, Elisa V, Barkardottir, Rosa B, Barnes, Daniel R, Batra, Jyotsna, Beckmann, Matthias W, Benitez, Javier, Benlloch, Sara, Berchuck, Andrew, Berndt, Sonja I, Bickeböller, Heike, Bien, Stephanie A, Blomqvist, Carl, Boccia, Stefania, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Bolla, Manjeet K, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Brenton, James D, Brook, Mark N, Brunet, Joan, Brunnström, Hans, Buchanan, Daniel D, Burwinkel, Barbara, Butzow, Ralf, Cadoni, Gabriella, Caldés, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Campbell, Ian, Campbell, Peter T, Cancel-Tassin, Géraldine, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Campa, Daniele, Caporaso, Neil, Carvalho, André L, Chan, Andrew T, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chen, Chu, Christiani, David C, Claes, Kathleen BM, Claessens, Frank, Clements, Judith, Collée, J Margriet, Correa, Marcia Cruz, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cunningham, Julie M, Cybulski, Cezary, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, deFazio, Anna, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Donovan, Jenny L, Dörk, Thilo, Duell, Eric J, Dunning, Alison M, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Edlund, Christopher K, Edwards, Digna R Velez, Ellberg, Carolina, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Ferris, Robert L, Liloglou, Triantafillos, Figueiredo, Jane C, Fletcher, Olivia, Fortner, Renée T, Fostira, Florentia, Franceschi, Silvia, Friedman, Eitan, Gallinger, Steven J, and Ganz, Patricia A
Subjects: Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Colorectal Neoplasms, Ovarian Neoplasms, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Lung Neoplasms, Prostatic Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Neoplasm Proteins, Case-Control Studies, Smoking, Mental Disorders, Inheritance Patterns, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prevention, Cancer, Breast Cancer, Genetics, Rare Diseases, Lung Cancer, Human Genome, Colo-Rectal Cancer, Digestive Diseases, Lung, MD Multidisciplinary
Abstract: Quantifying the genetic correlation between cancers can provide important insights into the mechanisms driving cancer etiology. Using genome-wide association study summary statistics across six cancer types based on a total of 296,215 cases and 301,319 controls of European ancestry, here we estimate the pair-wise genetic correlations between breast, colorectal, head/neck, lung, ovary and prostate cancer, and between cancers and 38 other diseases. We observed statistically significant genetic correlations between lung and head/neck cancer (rg = 0.57, p = 4.6 × 10-8), breast and ovarian cancer (rg = 0.24, p = 7 × 10-5), breast and lung cancer (rg = 0.18, p =1.5 × 10-6) and breast and colorectal cancer (rg = 0.15, p = 1.1 × 10-4). We also found that multiple cancers are genetically correlated with non-cancer traits including smoking, psychiatric diseases and metabolic characteristics. Functional enrichment analysis revealed a significant excess contribution of conserved and regulatory regions to cancer heritability. Our comprehensive analysis of cross-cancer heritability suggests that solid tumors arising across tissues share in part a common germline genetic basis.
Published: 2019

23. Polygenic Risk Scores for Prediction of Breast Cancer and Breast Cancer Subtypes.

Author: Mavaddat, Nasim, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Dennis, Joe, Lush, Michael, Fachal, Laura, Lee, Andrew, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Chen, Ting-Huei, Wang, Qin, Bolla, Manjeet K, Yang, Xin, Adank, Muriel A, Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Allen, Jamie, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Auer, Paul L, Auvinen, Päivi, Barrdahl, Myrto, Beane Freeman, Laura E, Beckmann, Matthias W, Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Bonanni, Bernardo, Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Brauch, Hiltrud, Bremer, Michael, Brenner, Hermann, Brentnall, Adam, Brock, Ian W, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Brucker, Sara Y, Brüning, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Campa, Daniele, Carter, Brian D, Castelao, Jose E, Chanock, Stephen J, Chlebowski, Rowan, Christiansen, Hans, Clarke, Christine L, Collée, J Margriet, Cordina-Duverger, Emilie, Cornelissen, Sten, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Devilee, Peter, Dörk, Thilo, Dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dumont, Martine, Durcan, Lorraine, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Ekici, Arif B, Eliassen, A Heather, Ellberg, Carolina, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Figueroa, Jonine, Fletcher, Olivia, Flyger, Henrik, Försti, Asta, Fritschi, Lin, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M, García-Sáenz, José A, Gaudet, Mia M, Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G, Gilyazova, Irina R, Glendon, Gord, Goldberg, Mark S, Goldgar, David E, González-Neira, Anna, Grenaker Alnæs, Grethe I, Grip, Mervi, Gronwald, Jacek, Grundy, Anne, Guénel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hamann, Ute, and Hankinson, Susan E
Subjects: ABCTB Investigators, kConFab/AOCS Investigators, NBCS Collaborators, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Receptors, Estrogen, Medical History Taking, Risk Assessment, Reproducibility of Results, Age Factors, Multifactorial Inheritance, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Female, breast, cancer, epidemiology, genetic, polygenic, prediction, risk, score, screening, stratification, Human Genome, Cancer, Genetics, Clinical Research, Prevention, Breast Cancer, Good Health and Well Being, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract: Stratification of women according to their risk of breast cancer based on polygenic risk scores (PRSs) could improve screening and prevention strategies. Our aim was to develop PRSs, optimized for prediction of estrogen receptor (ER)-specific disease, from the largest available genome-wide association dataset and to empirically validate the PRSs in prospective studies. The development dataset comprised 94,075 case subjects and 75,017 control subjects of European ancestry from 69 studies, divided into training and validation sets. Samples were genotyped using genome-wide arrays, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected by stepwise regression or lasso penalized regression. The best performing PRSs were validated in an independent test set comprising 11,428 case subjects and 18,323 control subjects from 10 prospective studies and 190,040 women from UK Biobank (3,215 incident breast cancers). For the best PRSs (313 SNPs), the odds ratio for overall disease per 1 standard deviation in ten prospective studies was 1.61 (95%CI: 1.57-1.65) with area under receiver-operator curve (AUC) = 0.630 (95%CI: 0.628-0.651). The lifetime risk of overall breast cancer in the top centile of the PRSs was 32.6%. Compared with women in the middle quintile, those in the highest 1% of risk had 4.37- and 2.78-fold risks, and those in the lowest 1% of risk had 0.16- and 0.27-fold risks, of developing ER-positive and ER-negative disease, respectively. Goodness-of-fit tests indicated that this PRS was well calibrated and predicts disease risk accurately in the tails of the distribution. This PRS is a powerful and reliable predictor of breast cancer risk that may improve breast cancer prevention programs.
Published: 2019

24. rs495139 in the TYMS-ENOSF1 Region and Risk of Ovarian Carcinoma of Mucinous Histology.

Author: Kelemen, Linda E, Earp, Madalene, Fridley, Brooke L, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Fasching, Peter A, Beckmann, Matthias W, Ekici, Arif B, Hein, Alexander, Lambrechts, Diether, Lambrechts, Sandrina, Van Nieuwenhuysen, Els, Vergote, Ignace, Rossing, Mary Anne, Doherty, Jennifer A, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Behrens, Sabine, Moysich, Kirsten B, Cannioto, Rikki, Lele, Shashikant, Odunsi, Kunle, Goodman, Marc T, Shvetsov, Yurii B, Thompson, Pamela J, Wilkens, Lynne R, Dörk, Thilo, Antonenkova, Natalia, Bogdanova, Natalia, Hillemanns, Peter, Runnebaum, Ingo B, du Bois, Andreas, Harter, Philipp, Heitz, Florian, Schwaab, Ira, Butzow, Ralf, Pelttari, Liisa M, Nevanlinna, Heli, Modugno, Francesmary, Edwards, Robert P, Kelley, Joseph L, Ness, Roberta B, Karlan, Beth Y, Lester, Jenny, Orsulic, Sandra, Walsh, Christine, Kjaer, Susanne K, Jensen, Allan, Cunningham, Julie M, Vierkant, Robert A, Giles, Graham G, Bruinsma, Fiona, Southey, Melissa C, Hildebrandt, Michelle AT, Liang, Dong, Lu, Karen, Wu, Xifeng, Sellers, Thomas A, Levine, Douglas A, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Iversen, Edwin S, Terry, Kathryn L, Cramer, Daniel W, Tworoger, Shelley S, Poole, Elizabeth M, Bandera, Elisa V, Olson, Sara H, Orlow, Irene, Vestrheim Thomsen, Liv Cecilie, Bjorge, Line, Krakstad, Camilla, Tangen, Ingvild L, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Aben, Katja KH, Massuger, Leon FAG, van Altena, Anne M, Pejovic, Tanja, Bean, Yukie, Kellar, Melissa, Cook, Linda S, Le, Nhu D, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Gronwald, Jacek, Cybulski, Cezary, Jakubowska, Anna, Lubiński, Jan, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Brinton, Louise A, Lissowska, Jolanta, Hogdall, Estrid, Engelholm, Svend Aage, Hogdall, Claus, Lundvall, Lene, Nedergaard, Lotte, Pharoah, Paul DP, Dicks, Ed, Song, Honglin, Tyrer, Jonathan P, McNeish, Iain, Siddiqui, Nadeem, and Carty, Karen
Subjects: Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Humans, Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous, Ovarian Neoplasms, Hydro-Lyases, Thymidylate Synthase, Proteins, RNA, Antisense, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Risk, Case-Control Studies, Signal Transduction, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Middle Aged, Female, Genetic Association Studies, consortia, enolase superfamily member 1, expression quantitative trait locus, genetics, gynecology, ovarian neoplasms, single-nucleotide polymorphism, thymidylate synthase, Ovarian Cancer, Rare Diseases, Biotechnology, Cancer, Digestive Diseases, Genetics, Chemical Physics, Other Chemical Sciences, Other Biological Sciences
Abstract: Thymidylate synthase (TYMS) is a crucial enzyme for DNA synthesis. TYMS expression is regulated by its antisense mRNA, ENOSF1. Disrupted regulation may promote uncontrolled DNA synthesis and tumor growth. We sought to replicate our previously reported association between rs495139 in the TYMS-ENOSF1 3' gene region and increased risk of mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) in an independent sample. Genotypes from 24,351 controls to 15,000 women with invasive OC, including 665 MOC, were available. We estimated per-allele odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using unconditional logistic regression, and meta-analysis when combining these data with our previous report. The association between rs495139 and MOC was not significant in the independent sample (OR = 1.09; 95% CI = 0.97⁻1.22; p = 0.15; N = 665 cases). Meta-analysis suggested a weak association (OR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.03⁻1.24; p = 0.01; N = 1019 cases). No significant association with risk of other OC histologic types was observed (p = 0.05 for tumor heterogeneity). In expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis, the rs495139 allele was positively associated with ENOSF1 mRNA expression in normal tissues of the gastrointestinal system, particularly esophageal mucosa (r = 0.51, p = 1.7 × 10-28), and nonsignificantly in five MOC tumors. The association results, along with inconclusive tumor eQTL findings, suggest that a true effect of rs495139 might be small.
Published: 2018

25. Association analyses of more than 140,000 men identify 63 new prostate cancer susceptibility loci

Author: Schumacher, Fredrick R, Al Olama, Ali Amin, Berndt, Sonja I, Benlloch, Sara, Ahmed, Mahbubl, Saunders, Edward J, Dadaev, Tokhir, Leongamornlert, Daniel, Anokian, Ezequiel, Cieza-Borrella, Clara, Goh, Chee, Brook, Mark N, Sheng, Xin, Fachal, Laura, Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan, Muir, Kenneth, Lophatananon, Artitaya, Stevens, Victoria L, Gapstur, Susan M, Carter, Brian D, Tangen, Catherine M, Goodman, Phyllis J, Thompson, Ian M, Batra, Jyotsna, Chambers, Suzanne, Moya, Leire, Clements, Judith, Horvath, Lisa, Tilley, Wayne, Risbridger, Gail P, Gronberg, Henrik, Aly, Markus, Nordström, Tobias, Pharoah, Paul, Pashayan, Nora, Schleutker, Johanna, Tammela, Teuvo LJ, Sipeky, Csilla, Auvinen, Anssi, Albanes, Demetrius, Weinstein, Stephanie, Wolk, Alicja, Håkansson, Niclas, West, Catharine ML, Dunning, Alison M, Burnet, Neil, Mucci, Lorelei A, Giovannucci, Edward, Andriole, Gerald L, Cussenot, Olivier, Cancel-Tassin, Géraldine, Koutros, Stella, Beane Freeman, Laura E, Sorensen, Karina Dalsgaard, Orntoft, Torben Falck, Borre, Michael, Maehle, Lovise, Grindedal, Eli Marie, Neal, David E, Donovan, Jenny L, Hamdy, Freddie C, Martin, Richard M, Travis, Ruth C, Key, Tim J, Hamilton, Robert J, Fleshner, Neil E, Finelli, Antonio, Ingles, Sue Ann, Stern, Mariana C, Rosenstein, Barry S, Kerns, Sarah L, Ostrer, Harry, Lu, Yong-Jie, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Feng, Ninghan, Mao, Xueying, Guo, Xin, Wang, Guomin, Sun, Zan, Giles, Graham G, Southey, Melissa C, MacInnis, Robert J, FitzGerald, Liesel M, Kibel, Adam S, Drake, Bettina F, Vega, Ana, Gómez-Caamaño, Antonio, Szulkin, Robert, Eklund, Martin, Kogevinas, Manolis, Llorca, Javier, Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma, Penney, Kathryn L, Stampfer, Meir, Park, Jong Y, Sellers, Thomas A, Lin, Hui-Yi, Stanford, Janet L, and Cybulski, Cezary
Subjects: Cancer, Aging, Prostate Cancer, Genetics, Urologic Diseases, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Case-Control Studies, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Male, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prostatic Neoplasms, Risk, Profile Study, Australian Prostate Cancer BioResource, IMPACT Study, Canary PASS Investigators, Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium, PRACTICAL (Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer-Associated Alterations in the Genome) Consortium, Cancer of the Prostate in Sweden, Prostate Cancer Genome-wide Association Study of Uncommon Susceptibility Loci, Genetic Associations and Mechanisms in Oncology (GAME-ON)/Elucidating Loci Involved in Prostate Cancer Susceptibility (ELLIPSE) Consortium, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and fine-mapping efforts to date have identified more than 100 prostate cancer (PrCa)-susceptibility loci. We meta-analyzed genotype data from a custom high-density array of 46,939 PrCa cases and 27,910 controls of European ancestry with previously genotyped data of 32,255 PrCa cases and 33,202 controls of European ancestry. Our analysis identified 62 novel loci associated (P C, p.Pro1054Arg) in ATM and rs2066827 (OR = 1.06; P = 2.3 × 10-9; T>G, p.Val109Gly) in CDKN1B. The combination of all loci captured 28.4% of the PrCa familial relative risk, and a polygenic risk score conferred an elevated PrCa risk for men in the ninetieth to ninety-ninth percentiles (relative risk = 2.69; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.55-2.82) and first percentile (relative risk = 5.71; 95% CI: 5.04-6.48) risk stratum compared with the population average. These findings improve risk prediction, enhance fine-mapping, and provide insight into the underlying biology of PrCa1.
Published: 2018

26. Adult height is associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer: a Mendelian randomisation study

Author: Dixon-Suen, Suzanne C, Nagle, Christina M, Thrift, Aaron P, Pharoah, Paul DP, Ewing, Ailith, Pearce, Celeste Leigh, Zheng, Wei, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Fasching, Peter A, Beckmann, Matthias W, Lambrechts, Diether, Vergote, Ignace, Lambrechts, Sandrina, Van Nieuwenhuysen, Els, Rossing, Mary Anne, Doherty, Jennifer A, Wicklund, Kristine G, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Jung, Audrey Y, Moysich, Kirsten B, Odunsi, Kunle, Goodman, Marc T, Wilkens, Lynne R, Thompson, Pamela J, Shvetsov, Yurii B, Dörk, Thilo, Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won, Hillemanns, Peter, Bogdanova, Natalia, Butzow, Ralf, Nevanlinna, Heli, Pelttari, Liisa M, Leminen, Arto, Modugno, Francesmary, Ness, Roberta B, Edwards, Robert P, Kelley, Joseph L, Heitz, Florian, du Bois, Andreas, Harter, Philipp, Schwaab, Ira, Karlan, Beth Y, Lester, Jenny, Orsulic, Sandra, Rimel, Bobbie J, Kjær, Susanne K, Høgdall, Estrid, Jensen, Allan, Goode, Ellen L, Fridley, Brooke L, Cunningham, Julie M, Winham, Stacey J, Giles, Graham G, Bruinsma, Fiona, Milne, Roger L, Southey, Melissa C, Hildebrandt, Michelle AT, Wu, Xifeng, Lu, Karen H, Liang, Dong, Levine, Douglas A, Bisogna, Maria, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Berchuck, Andrew, Cramer, Daniel W, Terry, Kathryn L, Bandera, Elisa V, Olson, Sara H, Salvesen, Helga B, Thomsen, Liv Cecilie Vestrheim, Kopperud, Reidun K, Bjorge, Line, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Massuger, Leon FAG, Pejovic, Tanja, Bruegl, Amanda, Cook, Linda S, Le, Nhu D, Swenerton, Kenneth D, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Kelemen, Linda E, Lubiński, Jan, Huzarski, Tomasz, Gronwald, Jacek, Menkiszak, Janusz, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Brinton, Louise, Yang, Hannah, Lissowska, Jolanta, Høgdall, Claus K, Lundvall, Lene, Song, Honglin, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Campbell, Ian, Eccles, Diana, Paul, James, Glasspool, Rosalind, Siddiqui, Nadeem, and Whittemore, Alice S
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Rare Diseases, Prevention, Genetics, Ovarian Cancer, Women's Health, Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Height, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Case-Control Studies, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Geography, Humans, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Middle Aged, Ovarian Neoplasms, Risk Factors, Young Adult, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Public Health and Health Services, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: BackgroundObservational studies suggest greater height is associated with increased ovarian cancer risk, but cannot exclude bias and/or confounding as explanations for this. Mendelian randomisation (MR) can provide evidence which may be less prone to bias.MethodsWe pooled data from 39 Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium studies (16,395 cases; 23,003 controls). We applied two-stage predictor-substitution MR, using a weighted genetic risk score combining 609 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Study-specific odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between genetically predicted height and risk were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.ResultsGreater genetically predicted height was associated with increased ovarian cancer risk overall (pooled-OR (pOR) = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.11 per 5 cm increase in height), and separately for invasive (pOR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.11) and borderline (pOR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.02-1.29) tumours.ConclusionsWomen with a genetic propensity to being taller have increased risk of ovarian cancer. This suggests genes influencing height are involved in pathways promoting ovarian carcinogenesis.
Published: 2018

27. Robust Tests for Additive Gene-Environment Interaction in Case-Control Studies Using Gene-Environment Independence

Author: Liu, Gang, Mukherjee, Bhramar, Lee, Seunggeun, Lee, Alice W, Wu, Anna H, Bandera, Elisa V, Jensen, Allan, Rossing, Mary Anne, Moysich, Kirsten B, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Doherty, Jennifer A, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Kiemeney, Lambertus, Gayther, Simon A, Modugno, Francesmary, Massuger, Leon, Goode, Ellen L, Fridley, Brooke L, Terry, Kathryn L, Cramer, Daniel W, Ramus, Susan J, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Ziogas, Argyrios, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Kjaer, Susanne K, Webb, Penelope M, Ness, Roberta B, Menon, Usha, Berchuck, Andrew, Pharoah, Paul D, Risch, Harvey, Pearce, Celeste Leigh, and Consortium, for the Ovarian Cancer Association
Subjects: Epidemiology, Health Sciences, Genetics, Bayes Theorem, Bias, Case-Control Studies, Computer Simulation, Epidemiologic Research Design, Gene-Environment Interaction, Humans, Regression Analysis, Retrospective Studies, bias-variance tradeoff, effect modification, empirical Bayes estimation, genetic risk score, relative excess risk, shrinkage, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Mathematical Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract: There have been recent proposals advocating the use of additive gene-environment interaction instead of the widely used multiplicative scale, as a more relevant public health measure. Using gene-environment independence enhances statistical power for testing multiplicative interaction in case-control studies. However, under departure from this assumption, substantial bias in the estimates and inflated type I error in the corresponding tests can occur. In this paper, we extend the empirical Bayes (EB) approach previously developed for multiplicative interaction, which trades off between bias and efficiency in a data-adaptive way, to the additive scale. An EB estimator of the relative excess risk due to interaction is derived, and the corresponding Wald test is proposed with a general regression setting under a retrospective likelihood framework. We study the impact of gene-environment association on the resultant test with case-control data. Our simulation studies suggest that the EB approach uses the gene-environment independence assumption in a data-adaptive way and provides a gain in power compared with the standard logistic regression analysis and better control of type I error when compared with the analysis assuming gene-environment independence. We illustrate the methods with data from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium.
Published: 2018

28. Variants in genes encoding small GTPases and association with epithelial ovarian cancer susceptibility

Author: Earp, Madalene, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Winham, Stacey J, Lin, Hui-Yi, Chornokur, Ganna, Dennis, Joe, Aben, Katja KH, Anton‐Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia, Bandera, Elisa V, Bean, Yukie T, Beckmann, Matthias W, Bjorge, Line, Bogdanova, Natalia, Brinton, Louise A, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Bruinsma, Fiona, Bunker, Clareann H, Butzow, Ralf, Campbell, Ian G, Carty, Karen, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Cook, Linda S, Cramer, Daniel W, Cunningham, Julie M, Cybulski, Cezary, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Agnieszka, Despierre, Evelyn, Doherty, Jennifer A, Dörk, Thilo, du Bois, Andreas, Dürst, Matthias, Easton, Douglas F, Eccles, Diana M, Edwards, Robert P, Ekici, Arif B, Fasching, Peter A, Fridley, Brooke L, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Giles, Graham G, Glasspool, Rosalind, Goodman, Marc T, Gronwald, Jacek, Harter, Philipp, Hein, Alexander, Heitz, Florian, Hildebrandt, Michelle AT, Hillemanns, Peter, Hogdall, Claus K, Høgdall, Estrid, Hosono, Satoyo, Iversen, Edwin S, Jakubowska, Anna, Jensen, Allan, Ji, Bu-Tian, Jung, Audrey Y, Karlan, Beth Y, Kellar, Melissa, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Lim, Boon Kiong, Kjaer, Susanne K, Krakstad, Camilla, Kupryjanczyk, Jolanta, Lambrechts, Diether, Lambrechts, Sandrina, Le, Nhu D, Lele, Shashi, Lester, Jenny, Levine, Douglas A, Li, Zheng, Liang, Dong, Lissowska, Jolanta, Lu, Karen, Lubinski, Jan, Lundvall, Lene, Massuger, Leon FAG, Matsuo, Keitaro, McGuire, Valerie, McLaughlin, John R, McNeish, Iain, Menon, Usha, Milne, Roger L, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten B, Ness, Roberta B, Nevanlinna, Heli, Odunsi, Kunle, Olson, Sara H, Orlow, Irene, Orsulic, Sandra, Paul, James, Pejovic, Tanja, Pelttari, Liisa M, Permuth, Jenny B, Pike, Malcolm C, Poole, Elizabeth M, Rosen, Barry, Rossing, Mary Anne, Rothstein, Joseph H, and Runnebaum, Ingo B
Subjects: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Genetics, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Biotechnology, Ovarian Cancer, Cancer, Human Genome, Rare Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, A Kinase Anchor Proteins, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Female, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genotype, Humans, Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, Risk Factors, General Science & Technology
Abstract: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the fifth leading cause of cancer mortality in American women. Normal ovarian physiology is intricately connected to small GTP binding proteins of the Ras superfamily (Ras, Rho, Rab, Arf, and Ran) which govern processes such as signal transduction, cell proliferation, cell motility, and vesicle transport. We hypothesized that common germline variation in genes encoding small GTPases is associated with EOC risk. We investigated 322 variants in 88 small GTPase genes in germline DNA of 18,736 EOC patients and 26,138 controls of European ancestry using a custom genotype array and logistic regression fitting log-additive models. Functional annotation was used to identify biofeatures and expression quantitative trait loci that intersect with risk variants. One variant, ARHGEF10L (Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10 like) rs2256787, was associated with increased endometrioid EOC risk (OR = 1.33, p = 4.46 x 10-6). Other variants of interest included another in ARHGEF10L, rs10788679, which was associated with invasive serous EOC risk (OR = 1.07, p = 0.00026) and two variants in AKAP6 (A-kinase anchoring protein 6) which were associated with risk of invasive EOC (rs1955513, OR = 0.90, p = 0.00033; rs927062, OR = 0.94, p = 0.00059). Functional annotation revealed that the two ARHGEF10L variants were located in super-enhancer regions and that AKAP6 rs927062 was associated with expression of GTPase gene ARHGAP5 (Rho GTPase activating protein 5). Inherited variants in ARHGEF10L and AKAP6, with potential transcriptional regulatory function and association with EOC risk, warrant investigation in independent EOC study populations.
Published: 2018

29. Association analysis identifies 65 new breast cancer risk loci

Author: Michailidou, Kyriaki, Lindström, Sara, Dennis, Joe, Beesley, Jonathan, Hui, Shirley, Kar, Siddhartha, Lemaçon, Audrey, Soucy, Penny, Glubb, Dylan, Rostamianfar, Asha, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Tyrer, Jonathan, Dicks, Ed, Lee, Andrew, Wang, Zhaoming, Allen, Jamie, Keeman, Renske, Eilber, Ursula, French, Juliet D, Qing Chen, Xiao, Fachal, Laura, McCue, Karen, McCart Reed, Amy E, Ghoussaini, Maya, Carroll, Jason S, Jiang, Xia, Finucane, Hilary, Adams, Marcia, Adank, Muriel A, Ahsan, Habibul, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Arun, Banu, Auer, Paul L, Bacot, François, Barrdahl, Myrto, Baynes, Caroline, Beckmann, Matthias W, Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Bonanni, Bernardo, Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Brand, Judith S, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brennan, Paul, Brenner, Hermann, Brinton, Louise, Broberg, Per, Brock, Ian W, Broeks, Annegien, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Brucker, Sara Y, Brüning, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Butterbach, Katja, Cai, Qiuyin, Cai, Hui, Caldés, Trinidad, Canzian, Federico, Carracedo, Angel, Carter, Brian D, Castelao, Jose E, Chan, Tsun L, David Cheng, Ting-Yuan, Seng Chia, Kee, Choi, Ji-Yeob, Christiansen, Hans, Clarke, Christine L, Collée, Margriet, Conroy, Don M, Cordina-Duverger, Emilie, Cornelissen, Sten, Cox, David G, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Cunningham, Julie M, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Devilee, Peter, Doheny, Kimberly F, Dörk, Thilo, dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dumont, Martine, Durcan, Lorraine, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Ekici, Arif B, Eliassen, A Heather, Ellberg, Carolina, Elvira, Mingajeva, and Engel, Christoph
Subjects: Cancer, Asia, Asian People, Binding Sites, Breast Neoplasms, Computer Simulation, Europe, Female, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Multifactorial Inheritance, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Risk Assessment, Transcription Factors, White People, NBCS Collaborators, ABCTB Investigators, ConFab/AOCS Investigators, General Science & Technology
Abstract: Breast cancer risk is influenced by rare coding variants in susceptibility genes, such as BRCA1, and many common, mostly non-coding variants. However, much of the genetic contribution to breast cancer risk remains unknown. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study of breast cancer in 122,977 cases and 105,974 controls of European ancestry and 14,068 cases and 13,104 controls of East Asian ancestry. We identified 65 new loci that are associated with overall breast cancer risk at P
Published: 2017

30. Analyses of germline variants associated with ovarian cancer survival identify functional candidates at the 1q22 and 19p12 outcome loci

Author: Glubb, Dylan M, Johnatty, Sharon E, Quinn, Michael CJ, O’Mara, Tracy A, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Gao, Bo, Fasching, Peter A, Beckmann, Matthias W, Lambrechts, Diether, Vergote, Ignace, Velez Edwards, Digna R, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Garcia, Maria J, Goodman, Marc T, Thompson, Pamela J, Dörk, Thilo, Dürst, Matthias, Modungo, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten, Heitz, Florian, du Bois, Andreas, Pfisterer, Jacobus, Hillemanns, Peter, Karlan, Beth Y, Lester, Jenny, Goode, Ellen L, Cunningham, Julie M, Winham, Stacey J, Larson, Melissa C, McCauley, Bryan M, Kjær, Susanne Krüger, Jensen, Allan, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Berchuck, Andrew, Cramer, Daniel W, Terry, Kathryn L, Salvesen, Helga B, Bjorge, Line, Webb, Penny M, Grant, Peter, Pejovic, Tanja, Moffitt, Melissa, Hogdall, Claus K, Hogdall, Estrid, Paul, James, Glasspool, Rosalind, Bernardini, Marcus, Tone, Alicia, Huntsman, David, Woo, Michelle, Group, AOCS, deFazio, Anna, Kennedy, Catherine J, Pharoah, Paul DP, MacGregor, Stuart, and Chenevix-Trench, Georgia
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Orphan Drug, Cancer, Rare Diseases, Prevention, Genetics, Ovarian Cancer, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, ovarian cancer outcome, genetic association, gene regulation, meta-analysis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: We previously identified associations with ovarian cancer outcome at five genetic loci. To identify putatively causal genetic variants and target genes, we prioritized two ovarian outcome loci (1q22 and 19p12) for further study. Bioinformatic and functional genetic analyses indicated that MEF2D and ZNF100 are targets of candidate outcome variants at 1q22 and 19p12, respectively. At 19p12, the chromatin interaction of a putative regulatory element with the ZNF100 promoter region correlated with candidate outcome variants. At 1q22, putative regulatory elements enhanced MEF2D promoter activity and haplotypes containing candidate outcome variants modulated these effects. In a public dataset, MEF2D and ZNF100 expression were both associated with ovarian cancer progression-free or overall survival time. In an extended set of 6,162 epithelial ovarian cancer patients, we found that functional candidates at the 1q22 and 19p12 loci, as well as other regional variants, were nominally associated with patient outcome; however, no associations reached our threshold for statistical significance (p
Published: 2017

31. Germline whole exome sequencing and large-scale replication identifies FANCM as a likely high grade serous ovarian cancer susceptibility gene

Author: Dicks, Ed, Song, Honglin, Ramus, Susan J, Van Oudenhove, Elke, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Intermaggio, Maria P, Kar, Siddhartha, Harrington, Patricia, Bowtell, David D, Group, AOCS Study, Cicek, Mine S, Cunningham, Julie M, Fridley, Brooke L, Alsop, Jennifer, Jimenez-Linan, Mercedes, Piskorz, Anna, Goranova, Teodora, Kent, Emma, Siddiqui, Nadeem, Paul, James, Crawford, Robin, Poblete, Samantha, Lele, Shashi, Sucheston-Campbell, Lara, Moysich, Kirsten B, Sieh, Weiva, McGuire, Valerie, Lester, Jenny, Odunsi, Kunle, Whittemore, Alice S, Bogdanova, Natalia, Dürst, Matthias, Hillemanns, Peter, Karlan, Beth Y, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Menon, Usha, Tischkowitz, Marc, Levine, Douglas, Brenton, James D, Dörk, Thilo, Goode, Ellen L, Gayther, Simon A, and Pharoah, Paul DP
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Genetics, Genetic Testing, Rare Diseases, Ovarian Cancer, Clinical Research, Cancer, Prevention, Human Genome, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Good Health and Well Being, ovarian cancer, susceptibility genes, DNA repair, next generation sequencing, Next generation sequencing, Susceptibility Genes, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: We analyzed whole exome sequencing data in germline DNA from 412 high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas Project and identified 5,517 genes harboring a predicted deleterious germline coding mutation in at least one HGSOC case. Gene-set enrichment analysis showed enrichment for genes involved in DNA repair (p = 1.8x10-3). Twelve DNA repair genes - APEX1, APLF, ATX, EME1, FANCL, FANCM, MAD2L2, PARP2, PARP3, POLN, RAD54L and SMUG1 - were prioritized for targeted sequencing in up to 3,107 HGSOC cases, 1,491 cases of other epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) subtypes and 3,368 unaffected controls of European origin. We estimated mutation prevalence for each gene and tested for associations with disease risk. Mutations were identified in both cases and controls in all genes except MAD2L2, where we found no evidence of mutations in controls. In FANCM we observed a higher mutation frequency in HGSOC cases compared to controls (29/3,107 cases, 0.96 percent; 13/3,368 controls, 0.38 percent; P=0.008) with little evidence for association with other subtypes (6/1,491, 0.40 percent; P=0.82). The relative risk of HGSOC associated with deleterious FANCM mutations was estimated to be 2.5 (95% CI 1.3 - 5.0; P=0.006). In summary, whole exome sequencing of EOC cases with large-scale replication in case-control studies has identified FANCM as a likely novel susceptibility gene for HGSOC, with mutations associated with a moderate increase in risk. These data may have clinical implications for risk prediction and prevention approaches for high-grade serous ovarian cancer in the future and a significant impact on reducing disease mortality.
Published: 2017

32. Identification of 12 new susceptibility loci for different histotypes of epithelial ovarian cancer.

Author: Phelan, Catherine M, Kuchenbaecker, Karoline B, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Kar, Siddhartha P, Lawrenson, Kate, Winham, Stacey J, Dennis, Joe, Pirie, Ailith, Riggan, Marjorie J, Chornokur, Ganna, Earp, Madalene A, Lyra, Paulo C, Lee, Janet M, Coetzee, Simon, Beesley, Jonathan, McGuffog, Lesley, Soucy, Penny, Dicks, Ed, Lee, Andrew, Barrowdale, Daniel, Lecarpentier, Julie, Leslie, Goska, Aalfs, Cora M, Aben, Katja KH, Adams, Marcia, Adlard, Julian, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia, AOCS study group, Aravantinos, Gerasimos, Arnold, Norbert, Arun, Banu K, Arver, Brita, Azzollini, Jacopo, Balmaña, Judith, Banerjee, Susana N, Barjhoux, Laure, Barkardottir, Rosa B, Bean, Yukie, Beckmann, Matthias W, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernardini, Marcus Q, Birrer, Michael J, Bjorge, Line, Black, Amanda, Blankstein, Kenneth, Blok, Marinus J, Bodelon, Clara, Bogdanova, Natalia, Bojesen, Anders, Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Åke, Bradbury, Angela R, Brenton, James D, Brewer, Carole, Brinton, Louise, Broberg, Per, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Bruinsma, Fiona, Brunet, Joan, Buecher, Bruno, Butzow, Ralf, Buys, Saundra S, Caldes, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Campbell, Ian, Cannioto, Rikki, Carney, Michael E, Cescon, Terence, Chan, Salina B, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen, Chen, Xiao Qing, Chiew, Yoke-Eng, Chiquette, Jocelyne, Chung, Wendy K, Claes, Kathleen BM, Conner, Thomas, Cook, Linda S, Cook, Jackie, Cramer, Daniel W, Cunningham, Julie M, D'Aloisio, Aimee A, Daly, Mary B, Damiola, Francesca, Damirovna, Sakaeva Dina, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Agnieszka, Dao, Fanny, Davidson, Rosemarie, DeFazio, Anna, Delnatte, Capucine, Doheny, Kimberly F, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Doherty, Jennifer Anne, Domchek, Susan M, and Dorfling, Cecilia M
Subjects: AOCS study group, EMBRACE Study, GEMO Study Collaborators, HEBON Study, KConFab Investigators, OPAL study group, Humans, Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial, Ovarian Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Telomere-Binding Proteins, BRCA1 Protein, BRCA2 Protein, Risk Factors, Genotype, Mutation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Alleles, Female, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetic Loci, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Genetics, Cancer, Human Genome, Rare Diseases, Prevention, Ovarian Cancer, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract: To identify common alleles associated with different histotypes of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), we pooled data from multiple genome-wide genotyping projects totaling 25,509 EOC cases and 40,941 controls. We identified nine new susceptibility loci for different EOC histotypes: six for serous EOC histotypes (3q28, 4q32.3, 8q21.11, 10q24.33, 18q11.2 and 22q12.1), two for mucinous EOC (3q22.3 and 9q31.1) and one for endometrioid EOC (5q12.3). We then performed meta-analysis on the results for high-grade serous ovarian cancer with the results from analysis of 31,448 BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, including 3,887 mutation carriers with EOC. This identified three additional susceptibility loci at 2q13, 8q24.1 and 12q24.31. Integrated analyses of genes and regulatory biofeatures at each locus predicted candidate susceptibility genes, including OBFC1, a new candidate susceptibility gene for low-grade and borderline serous EOC.
Published: 2017

33. Integrative multi-omics analyses to identify the genetic and functional mechanisms underlying ovarian cancer risk regions

Author: Data gedreven innovatie, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Circulatory Health, Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 3, Dareng, Eileen O., Coetzee, Simon G., Tyrer, Jonathan P., Peng, Pei Chen, Rosenow, Will, Chen, Stephanie, Davis, Brian D., Dezem, Felipe Segato, Seo, Ji Heui, Nameki, Robbin, Reyes, Alberto L., Aben, Katja K.H., Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Aravantinos, Gerasimos, Bandera, Elisa V., Beane Freeman, Laura E., Beckmann, Matthias W., Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Bernardini, Marcus Q., Bjorge, Line, Black, Amanda, Bogdanova, Natalia V., Bolton, Kelly L., Brenton, James D., Budzilowska, Agnieszka, Butzow, Ralf, Cai, Hui, Campbell, Ian, Cannioto, Rikki, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J., Chen, Kexin, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Chiew, Yoke Eng, Cook, Linda S., DeFazio, Anna, Dennis, Joe, Doherty, Jennifer A., Dörk, Thilo, du Bois, Andreas, Dürst, Matthias, Eccles, Diana M., Ene, Gabrielle, Fasching, Peter A., Flanagan, James M., Fortner, Renée T., Fostira, Florentia, Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, AOCS Group, OPAL Study Group, The Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC), Data gedreven innovatie, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Circulatory Health, Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 3, Dareng, Eileen O., Coetzee, Simon G., Tyrer, Jonathan P., Peng, Pei Chen, Rosenow, Will, Chen, Stephanie, Davis, Brian D., Dezem, Felipe Segato, Seo, Ji Heui, Nameki, Robbin, Reyes, Alberto L., Aben, Katja K.H., Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N., Aravantinos, Gerasimos, Bandera, Elisa V., Beane Freeman, Laura E., Beckmann, Matthias W., Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Bernardini, Marcus Q., Bjorge, Line, Black, Amanda, Bogdanova, Natalia V., Bolton, Kelly L., Brenton, James D., Budzilowska, Agnieszka, Butzow, Ralf, Cai, Hui, Campbell, Ian, Cannioto, Rikki, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J., Chen, Kexin, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Chiew, Yoke Eng, Cook, Linda S., DeFazio, Anna, Dennis, Joe, Doherty, Jennifer A., Dörk, Thilo, du Bois, Andreas, Dürst, Matthias, Eccles, Diana M., Ene, Gabrielle, Fasching, Peter A., Flanagan, James M., Fortner, Renée T., Fostira, Florentia, Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, AOCS Group, OPAL Study Group, and The Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC)
Published: 2024

34. Association of vitamin D levels and risk of ovarian cancer: a Mendelian randomization study.

Author: Ong, Jue-Sheng, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Lu, Yi, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Fasching, Peter A, Hein, Alexander, Burghaus, Stefanie, Beckmann, Matthias W, Lambrechts, Diether, Van Nieuwenhuysen, Els, Vergote, Ignace, Vanderstichele, Adriaan, Anne Doherty, Jennifer, Anne Rossing, Mary, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Eilber, Ursula, Rudolph, Anja, Wang-Gohrke, Shan, Goodman, Marc T, Bogdanova, Natalia, Dörk, Thilo, Dürst, Matthias, Hillemanns, Peter, Runnebaum, Ingo B, Antonenkova, Natalia, Butzow, Ralf, Leminen, Arto, Nevanlinna, Heli, Pelttari, Liisa M, Edwards, Robert P, Kelley, Joseph L, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten B, Ness, Roberta B, Cannioto, Rikki, Høgdall, Estrid, Høgdall, Claus K, Jensen, Allan, Giles, Graham G, Bruinsma, Fiona, Kjaer, Susanne K, Hildebrandt, Michelle At, Liang, Dong, Lu, Karen H, Wu, Xifeng, Bisogna, Maria, Dao, Fanny, Levine, Douglas A, Cramer, Daniel W, Terry, Kathryn L, Tworoger, Shelley S, Stampfer, Meir, Missmer, Stacey, Bjorge, Line, Salvesen, Helga B, Kopperud, Reidun K, Bischof, Katharina, Aben, Katja Kh, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Massuger, Leon Fag, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Olson, Sara H, McGuire, Valerie, Rothstein, Joseph H, Sieh, Weiva, Whittemore, Alice S, Cook, Linda S, Le, Nhu D, Gilks, C Blake, Gronwald, Jacek, Jakubowska, Anna, Lubiński, Jan, Kluz, Tomasz, Song, Honglin, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Brinton, Louise, Trabert, Britton, Lissowska, Jolanta, McLaughlin, John R, Narod, Steven A, Phelan, Catherine, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Ziogas, Argyrios, Eccles, Diana, Campbell, Ian, Gayther, Simon A, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Menon, Usha, Ramus, Susan J, Wu, Anna H, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Agnieszka, Kupryjanczyk, Jolanta, Timorek, Agnieszka, Szafron, Lukasz, Cunningham, Julie M, Fridley, Brooke L, Winham, Stacey J, Bandera, Elisa V, and Poole, Elizabeth M
Subjects: Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Humans, Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial, Ovarian Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Vitamin D, Odds Ratio, Risk Factors, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Female, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Prevention, Rare Diseases, Nutrition, Clinical Research, Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Statistics, Public Health and Health Services, Epidemiology
Abstract: BackgroundIn vitro and observational epidemiological studies suggest that vitamin D may play a role in cancer prevention. However, the relationship between vitamin D and ovarian cancer is uncertain, with observational studies generating conflicting findings. A potential limitation of observational studies is inadequate control of confounding. To overcome this problem, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration and risk of ovarian cancer.MethodsWe employed SNPs with well-established associations with 25(OH)D concentration as instrumental variables for MR: rs7944926 (DHCR7), rs12794714 (CYP2R1) and rs2282679 (GC). We included 31 719 women of European ancestry (10 065 cases, 21 654 controls) from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, who were genotyped using customized Illumina Infinium iSelect (iCOGS) arrays. A two-sample (summary data) MR approach was used and analyses were performed separately for all ovarian cancer (10 065 cases) and for high-grade serous ovarian cancer (4121 cases).ResultsThe odds ratio for epithelial ovarian cancer risk (10 065 cases) estimated by combining the individual SNP associations using inverse variance weighting was 1.27 (95% confidence interval: 1.06 to 1.51) per 20 nmol/L decrease in 25(OH)D concentration. The estimated odds ratio for high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer (4121 cases) was 1.54 (1.19, 2.01).ConclusionsGenetically lowered 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were associated with higher ovarian cancer susceptibility in Europeans. These findings suggest that increasing plasma vitamin D levels may reduce risk of ovarian cancer.
Published: 2016

35. Functional mechanisms underlying pleiotropic risk alleles at the 19p13.1 breast-ovarian cancer susceptibility locus.

Author: Lawrenson, Kate, Kar, Siddhartha, McCue, Karen, Kuchenbaeker, Karoline, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Tyrer, Jonathan, Beesley, Jonathan, Ramus, Susan J, Li, Qiyuan, Delgado, Melissa K, Lee, Janet M, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Arun, Banu K, Arver, Brita, Bandera, Elisa V, Barile, Monica, Barkardottir, Rosa B, Barrowdale, Daniel, Beckmann, Matthias W, Benitez, Javier, Berchuck, Andrew, Bisogna, Maria, Bjorge, Line, Blomqvist, Carl, Blot, William, Bogdanova, Natalia, Bojesen, Anders, Bojesen, Stig E, Bolla, Manjeet K, Bonanni, Bernardo, Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brennan, Paul, Brenner, Hermann, Bruinsma, Fiona, Brunet, Joan, Buhari, Shaik Ahmad, Burwinkel, Barbara, Butzow, Ralf, Buys, Saundra S, Cai, Qiuyin, Caldes, Trinidad, Campbell, Ian, Canniotto, Rikki, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chiquette, Jocelyne, Choi, Ji-Yeob, Claes, Kathleen BM, GEMO Study Collaborators, Cook, Linda S, Cox, Angela, Cramer, Daniel W, Cross, Simon S, Cybulski, Cezary, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Damiola, Francesca, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Agnieszka, Darabi, Hatef, Dennis, Joe, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Doherty, Jennifer A, Domchek, Susan M, Dorfling, Cecilia M, Dörk, Thilo, Dumont, Martine, Ehrencrona, Hans, Ejlertsen, Bent, Ellis, Steve, EMBRACE, Engel, Christoph, Lee, Eunjung, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Feliubadalo, Lidia, Figueroa, Jonine, Flesch-Janys, Dieter, Fletcher, Olivia, Flyger, Henrik, Foretova, Lenka, Fostira, Florentia, Foulkes, William D, Fridley, Brooke L, Friedman, Eitan, Frost, Debra, Gambino, Gaetana, Ganz, Patricia A, Garber, Judy, García-Closas, Montserrat, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Ghoussaini, Maya, Giles, Graham G, Glasspool, Rosalind, Godwin, Andrew K, Goldberg, Mark S, and Goldgar, David E
Subjects: GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE, Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands, KConFab Investigators, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Ovarian Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, RNA, Messenger, Genotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Alleles, African Continental Ancestry Group, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19, RNA, Messenger, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prevention, Breast Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Cancer, Rare Diseases, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors
Abstract: A locus at 19p13 is associated with breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) risk. Here we analyse 438 SNPs in this region in 46,451 BC and 15,438 OC cases, 15,252 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 73,444 controls and identify 13 candidate causal SNPs associated with serous OC (P=9.2 × 10(-20)), ER-negative BC (P=1.1 × 10(-13)), BRCA1-associated BC (P=7.7 × 10(-16)) and triple negative BC (P-diff=2 × 10(-5)). Genotype-gene expression associations are identified for candidate target genes ANKLE1 (P=2 × 10(-3)) and ABHD8 (P
Published: 2016

36. Genome-Wide Meta-Analyses of Breast, Ovarian, and Prostate Cancer Association Studies Identify Multiple New Susceptibility Loci Shared by at Least Two Cancer Types

Author: Kar, Siddhartha P, Beesley, Jonathan, Olama, Ali Amin Al, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Tyrer, Jonathan, Kote-Jarai, ZSofia, Lawrenson, Kate, Lindstrom, Sara, Ramus, Susan J, Thompson, Deborah J, Investigators, ABCTB, Kibel, Adam S, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Agnieszka, Michael, Agnieszka, Dieffenbach, Aida K, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Whittemore, Alice S, Wolk, Alicja, Monteiro, Alvaro, Peixoto, Ana, Kierzek, Andrzej, Cox, Angela, Rudolph, Anja, Gonzalez-Neira, Anna, Wu, Anna H, Lindblom, Annika, Swerdlow, Anthony, Study, AOCS Study Group amp Australian Cancer, BioResource, APCB, Ziogas, Argyrios, Ekici, Arif B, Burwinkel, Barbara, Karlan, Beth Y, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Blomqvist, Carl, Phelan, Catherine, McLean, Catriona, Pearce, Celeste Leigh, Vachon, Celine, Cybulski, Cezary, Slavov, Chavdar, Stegmaier, Christa, Maier, Christiane, Ambrosone, Christine B, Høgdall, Claus K, Teerlink, Craig C, Kang, Daehee, Tessier, Daniel C, Schaid, Daniel J, Stram, Daniel O, Cramer, Daniel W, Neal, David E, Eccles, Diana, Flesch-Janys, Dieter, Edwards, Digna R Velez, Wokozorczyk, Dominika, Levine, Douglas A, Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Sawyer, Elinor J, Bandera, Elisa V, Poole, Elizabeth M, Goode, Ellen L, Khusnutdinova, Elza, Høgdall, Estrid, Song, Fengju, Bruinsma, Fiona, Heitz, Florian, Modugno, Francesmary, Hamdy, Freddie C, Wiklund, Fredrik, Giles, Graham G, Olsson, Håkan, Wildiers, Hans, Ulmer, Hans-Ulrich, Pandha, Hardev, Risch, Harvey A, Darabi, Hatef, Salvesen, Helga B, Nevanlinna, Heli, Gronberg, Henrik, Brenner, Hermann, Brauch, Hiltrud, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Song, Honglin, Lim, Hui-Yi, McNeish, Iain, Campbell, Ian, Vergote, Ignace, Gronwald, Jacek, Lubiński, Jan, Stanford, Janet L, Benítez, Javier, Doherty, Jennifer A, Permuth, Jennifer B, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Donovan, Jenny L, Dennis, Joe, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Schleutker, Johanna, and Hopper, John L
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Breast Cancer, Aging, Urologic Diseases, Prostate Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Rare Diseases, Human Genome, Cancer, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Breast Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Chromosome Mapping, Datasets as Topic, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Female, Gene Regulatory Networks, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Organ Specificity, Ovarian Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prostatic Neoplasms, Quantitative Trait Loci, Signal Transduction, ABCTB Investigators, AOCS Study Group & Australian Cancer Study, APCB BioResource, kConFab Investigators, NBCS Investigators, GENICA Network, PRACTICAL consortium, Biochemistry and cell biology, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: UnlabelledBreast, ovarian, and prostate cancers are hormone-related and may have a shared genetic basis, but this has not been investigated systematically by genome-wide association (GWA) studies. Meta-analyses combining the largest GWA meta-analysis data sets for these cancers totaling 112,349 cases and 116,421 controls of European ancestry, all together and in pairs, identified at P < 10(-8) seven new cross-cancer loci: three associated with susceptibility to all three cancers (rs17041869/2q13/BCL2L11; rs7937840/11q12/INCENP; rs1469713/19p13/GATAD2A), two breast and ovarian cancer risk loci (rs200182588/9q31/SMC2; rs8037137/15q26/RCCD1), and two breast and prostate cancer risk loci (rs5013329/1p34/NSUN4; rs9375701/6q23/L3MBTL3). Index variants in five additional regions previously associated with only one cancer also showed clear association with a second cancer type. Cell-type-specific expression quantitative trait locus and enhancer-gene interaction annotations suggested target genes with potential cross-cancer roles at the new loci. Pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment of death receptor signaling genes near loci with P < 10(-5) in the three-cancer meta-analysis.SignificanceWe demonstrate that combining large-scale GWA meta-analysis findings across cancer types can identify completely new risk loci common to breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers. We show that the identification of such cross-cancer risk loci has the potential to shed new light on the shared biology underlying these hormone-related cancers. Cancer Discov; 6(9); 1052-67. ©2016 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 932.
Published: 2016

37. Assessing the genetic architecture of epithelial ovarian cancer histological subtypes

Author: Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Lu, Yi, Dixon, Suzanne C, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Fasching, Peter A, Hein, Alexander, Burghaus, Stefanie, Beckmann, Matthias W, Lambrechts, Diether, Van Nieuwenhuysen, Els, Vergote, Ignace, Vanderstichele, Adriaan, Doherty, Jennifer Anne, Rossing, Mary Anne, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Rudolph, Anja, Wang-Gohrke, Shan, Goodman, Marc T, Bogdanova, Natalia, Dörk, Thilo, Dürst, Matthias, Hillemanns, Peter, Runnebaum, Ingo B, Antonenkova, Natalia, Butzow, Ralf, Leminen, Arto, Nevanlinna, Heli, Pelttari, Liisa M, Edwards, Robert P, Kelley, Joseph L, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten B, Ness, Roberta B, Cannioto, Rikki, Høgdall, Estrid, Høgdall, Claus, Jensen, Allan, Giles, Graham G, Bruinsma, Fiona, Kjaer, Susanne K, Hildebrandt, Michelle AT, Liang, Dong, Lu, Karen H, Wu, Xifeng, Bisogna, Maria, Dao, Fanny, Levine, Douglas A, Cramer, Daniel W, Terry, Kathryn L, Tworoger, Shelley S, Stampfer, Meir, Missmer, Stacey, Bjorge, Line, Salvesen, Helga B, Kopperud, Reidun K, Bischof, Katharina, Aben, Katja KH, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Massuger, Leon FAG, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Olson, Sara H, McGuire, Valerie, Rothstein, Joseph H, Sieh, Weiva, Whittemore, Alice S, Cook, Linda S, Le, Nhu D, Blake Gilks, C, Gronwald, Jacek, Jakubowska, Anna, Lubiński, Jan, Kluz, Tomasz, Song, Honglin, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Brinton, Louise, Trabert, Britton, Lissowska, Jolanta, McLaughlin, John R, Narod, Steven A, Phelan, Catherine, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Ziogas, Argyrios, Eccles, Diana, Campbell, Ian, Gayther, Simon A, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Menon, Usha, Ramus, Susan J, Wu, Anna H, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Agnieszka, Kupryjanczyk, Jolanta, Timorek, Agnieszka, Szafron, Lukasz, Cunningham, Julie M, Fridley, Brooke L, Winham, Stacey J, Bandera, Elisa V, Poole, Elizabeth M, and Morgan, Terry K
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Genetics, Obesity, Women's Health, Cancer Genomics, Ovarian Cancer, Cancer, Human Genome, Rare Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Female, Genotype, Humans, Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial, Ovarian Neoplasms, Pathology, Molecular, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Heredity, Reproductive medicine
Abstract: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the deadliest common cancers. The five most common types of disease are high-grade and low-grade serous, endometrioid, mucinous and clear cell carcinoma. Each of these subtypes present distinct molecular pathogeneses and sensitivities to treatments. Recent studies show that certain genetic variants confer susceptibility to all subtypes while other variants are subtype-specific. Here, we perform an extensive analysis of the genetic architecture of EOC subtypes. To this end, we used data of 10,014 invasive EOC patients and 21,233 controls from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium genotyped in the iCOGS array (211,155 SNPs). We estimate the array heritability (attributable to variants tagged on arrays) of each subtype and their genetic correlations. We also look for genetic overlaps with factors such as obesity, smoking behaviors, diabetes, age at menarche and height. We estimated the array heritabilities of high-grade serous disease ([Formula: see text] = 8.8 ± 1.1 %), endometrioid ([Formula: see text] = 3.2 ± 1.6 %), clear cell ([Formula: see text] = 6.7 ± 3.3 %) and all EOC ([Formula: see text] = 5.6 ± 0.6 %). Known associated loci contributed approximately 40 % of the total array heritability for each subtype. The contribution of each chromosome to the total heritability was not proportional to chromosome size. Through bivariate and cross-trait LD score regression, we found evidence of shared genetic backgrounds between the three high-grade subtypes: serous, endometrioid and undifferentiated. Finally, we found significant genetic correlations of all EOC with diabetes and obesity using a polygenic prediction approach.
Published: 2016

38. Assessment of Multifactor Gene–Environment Interactions and Ovarian Cancer Risk: Candidate Genes, Obesity, and Hormone-Related Risk Factors

Author: Usset, Joseph L, Raghavan, Rama, Tyrer, Jonathan P, McGuire, Valerie, Sieh, Weiva, Webb, Penelope, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Rudolph, Anja, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Berchuck, Andrew, Brinton, Louise, Cunningham, Julie M, DeFazio, Anna, Doherty, Jennifer A, Edwards, Robert P, Gayther, Simon A, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Goodman, Marc T, Høgdall, Estrid, Jensen, Allan, Johnatty, Sharon E, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Kjaer, Susanne K, Larson, Melissa C, Lurie, Galina, Massuger, Leon, Menon, Usha, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten B, Ness, Roberta B, Pike, Malcolm C, Ramus, Susan J, Rossing, Mary Anne, Rothstein, Joseph, Song, Honglin, Thompson, Pamela J, van den Berg, David J, Vierkant, Robert A, Wang-Gohrke, Shan, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Whittemore, Alice S, Wilkens, Lynne R, Wu, Anna H, Yang, Hannah, Pearce, Celeste Leigh, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Pharoah, Paul, Goode, Ellen L, and Fridley, Brooke L
Subjects: Epidemiology, Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Prevention, Genetics, Contraception/Reproduction, Obesity, Estrogen, Ovarian Cancer, Nutrition, Rare Diseases, Cancer, Clinical Research, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Humans, Middle Aged, Ovarian Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium and the Australian Cancer Study, Medical and Health Sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract: BackgroundMany epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk factors relate to hormone exposure and elevated estrogen levels are associated with obesity in postmenopausal women. Therefore, we hypothesized that gene-environment interactions related to hormone-related risk factors could differ between obese and non-obese women.MethodsWe considered interactions between 11,441 SNPs within 80 candidate genes related to hormone biosynthesis and metabolism and insulin-like growth factors with six hormone-related factors (oral contraceptive use, parity, endometriosis, tubal ligation, hormone replacement therapy, and estrogen use) and assessed whether these interactions differed between obese and non-obese women. Interactions were assessed using logistic regression models and data from 14 case-control studies (6,247 cases; 10,379 controls). Histotype-specific analyses were also completed.ResultsSNPs in the following candidate genes showed notable interaction: IGF1R (rs41497346, estrogen plus progesterone hormone therapy, histology = all, P = 4.9 × 10(-6)) and ESR1 (rs12661437, endometriosis, histology = all, P = 1.5 × 10(-5)). The most notable obesity-gene-hormone risk factor interaction was within INSR (rs113759408, parity, histology = endometrioid, P = 8.8 × 10(-6)).ConclusionsWe have demonstrated the feasibility of assessing multifactor interactions in large genetic epidemiology studies. Follow-up studies are necessary to assess the robustness of our findings for ESR1, CYP11A1, IGF1R, CYP11B1, INSR, and IGFBP2 Future work is needed to develop powerful statistical methods able to detect these complex interactions.ImpactAssessment of multifactor interaction is feasible, and, here, suggests that the relationship between genetic variants within candidate genes and hormone-related risk factors may vary EOC susceptibility. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(5); 780-90. ©2016 AACR.
Published: 2016

39. Investigation of Exomic Variants Associated with Overall Survival in Ovarian Cancer

Author: Winham, Stacey J, Pirie, Ailith, Chen, Yian Ann, Larson, Melissa C, Fogarty, Zachary C, Earp, Madalene A, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Bandera, Elisa V, Cramer, Daniel, Doherty, Jennifer A, Goodman, Marc T, Gronwald, Jacek, Karlan, Beth Y, Kjaer, Susanne K, Levine, Douglas A, Menon, Usha, Ness, Roberta B, Pearce, Celeste L, Pejovic, Tanja, Rossing, Mary Anne, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Bean, Yukie T, Bisogna, Maria, Brinton, Louise A, Carney, Michael E, Cunningham, Julie M, Cybulski, Cezary, deFazio, Anna, Dicks, Ed M, Edwards, Robert P, Gayther, Simon A, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Gore, Martin, Iversen, Edwin S, Jensen, Allan, Johnatty, Sharon E, Lester, Jenny, Lin, Hui-Yi, Lissowska, Jolanta, Lubinski, Jan, Menkiszak, Janusz, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten B, Orlow, Irene, Pike, Malcolm C, Ramus, Susan J, Song, Honglin, Terry, Kathryn L, Thompson, Pamela J, Tyrer, Jonathan P, van den Berg, David J, Vierkant, Robert A, Vitonis, Allison F, Walsh, Christine, Wilkens, Lynne R, Wu, Anna H, Yang, Hannah, Ziogas, Argyrios, Berchuck, Andrew, Group, Georgia Chenevix-Trench on behalf of Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Permuth-Wey, Jennifer, Phelan, Catherine M, Pharoah, Paul DP, Fridley, Brooke L, Sellers, Thomas A, and Goode, Ellen L
Subjects: Epidemiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer, Genetics, Prevention, Clinical Research, Human Genome, Rare Diseases, Ovarian Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Exome, Female, Genotype, Humans, Middle Aged, Ovarian Neoplasms, Survival Rate, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Medical and Health Sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract: BackgroundWhile numerous susceptibility loci for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have been identified, few associations have been reported with overall survival. In the absence of common prognostic genetic markers, we hypothesize that rare coding variants may be associated with overall EOC survival and assessed their contribution in two exome-based genotyping projects of the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC).MethodsThe primary patient set (Set 1) included 14 independent EOC studies (4,293 patients) and 227,892 variants, and a secondary patient set (Set 2) included six additional EOC studies (1,744 patients) and 114,620 variants. Because power to detect rare variants individually is reduced, gene-level tests were conducted. Sets were analyzed separately at individual variants and by gene, and then combined with meta-analyses (73,203 variants and 13,163 genes overlapped).ResultsNo individual variant reached genome-wide statistical significance. A SNP previously implicated to be associated with EOC risk and, to a lesser extent, survival, rs8170, showed the strongest evidence of association with survival and similar effect size estimates across sets (Pmeta = 1.1E-6, HRSet1 = 1.17, HRSet2 = 1.14). Rare variants in ATG2B, an autophagy gene important for apoptosis, were significantly associated with survival after multiple testing correction (Pmeta = 1.1E-6; Pcorrected = 0.01).ConclusionsCommon variant rs8170 and rare variants in ATG2B may be associated with EOC overall survival, although further study is needed.ImpactThis study represents the first exome-wide association study of EOC survival to include rare variant analyses, and suggests that complementary single variant and gene-level analyses in large studies are needed to identify rare variants that warrant follow-up study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(3); 446-54. ©2016 AACR.
Published: 2016

40. CYP19A1 fine-mapping and Mendelian randomization: estradiol is causal for endometrial cancer

Author: Thompson, Deborah J, O'Mara, Tracy A, Glubb, Dylan M, Painter, Jodie N, Cheng, Timothy, Folkerd, Elizabeth, Doody, Deborah, Dennis, Joe, Webb, Penelope M, Gorman, Maggie, Martin, Lynn, Hodgson, Shirley, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Maranian, Mel J, Hall, Per, Czene, Kamila, Darabi, Hatef, Li, Jingmei, Fasching, Peter A, Hein, Alexander, Beckmann, Matthias W, Ekici, Arif B, Dörk, Thilo, Hillemanns, Peter, Dürst, Matthias, Runnebaum, Ingo, Zhao, Hui, Depreeuw, Jeroen, Schrauwen, Stefanie, Amant, Frederic, Goode, Ellen L, Fridley, Brooke L, Dowdy, Sean C, Winham, Stacey J, Salvesen, Helga B, Trovik, Jone, Njolstad, Tormund S, Werner, Henrica MJ, Ashton, Katie, Proietto, Tony, Otton, Geoffrey, Carvajal-Carmona, Luis, Tham, Emma, Liu, Tao, Mints, Miriam, Scott, Rodney J, McEvoy, Mark, Attia, John, Holliday, Elizabeth G, Montgomery, Grant W, Martin, Nicholas G, Nyholt, Dale R, Henders, Anjali K, Hopper, John L, Traficante, Nadia, Ruebner, Matthias, Swerdlow, Anthony J, Burwinkel, Barbara, Brenner, Hermann, Meindl, Alfons, Brauch, Hiltrud, Lindblom, Annika, Lambrechts, Diether, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Couch, Fergus J, Giles, Graham G, Kristensen, Vessela N, Cox, Angela, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Bojesen, Stig E, Shah, Mitul, Luben, Robert, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Pharoah, Paul DP, Dunning, Alison M, Tomlinson, Ian, Dowsett, Mitch, Easton, Douglas F, and Spurdle, Amanda B
Subjects: Uterine Cancer, Genetics, Cancer, Prevention, Aging, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Age Factors, Alleles, Aromatase, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Endometrial Neoplasms, Estradiol, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genotype, Humans, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, endometrial cancer, CYP19A1, estradiol, Australian National Endometrial Cancer Study Group, National Study of Endometrial Cancer Genetics Group, for RENDOCAS, AOCS Group, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Oncology & Carcinogenesis
Abstract: Candidate gene studies have reported CYP19A1 variants to be associated with endometrial cancer and with estradiol (E2) concentrations. We analyzed 2937 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 6608 endometrial cancer cases and 37 925 controls and report the first genome wide-significant association between endometrial cancer and a CYP19A1 SNP (rs727479 in intron 2, P=4.8×10(-11)). SNP rs727479 was also among those most strongly associated with circulating E2 concentrations in 2767 post-menopausal controls (P=7.4×10(-8)). The observed endometrial cancer odds ratio per rs727479 A-allele (1.15, CI=1.11-1.21) is compatible with that predicted by the observed effect on E2 concentrations (1.09, CI=1.03-1.21), consistent with the hypothesis that endometrial cancer risk is driven by E2. From 28 candidate-causal SNPs, 12 co-located with three putative gene-regulatory elements and their risk alleles associated with higher CYP19A1 expression in bioinformatical analyses. For both phenotypes, the associations with rs727479 were stronger among women with a higher BMI (Pinteraction=0.034 and 0.066 respectively), suggesting a biologically plausible gene-environment interaction.
Published: 2016

41. Evidence of a genetic link between endometriosis and ovarian cancer

Author: Lee, Alice W, Templeman, Claire, Stram, Douglas A, Beesley, Jonathan, Tyrer, Jonathan, Berchuck, Andrew, Pharoah, Paul P, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Pearce, Celeste Leigh, Consortium, Ovarian Cancer Association, Ness, Roberta B, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Agnieszka, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Hein, Alexander, Whittemore, Alice S, Jensen, Allan, du Bois, Andreas, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Rudolph, Anja, Jakubowska, Anna, Wu, Anna H, Ziogas, Argyrios, Ekici, Arif B, Leminen, Arto, Study, Australian Cancer, Group, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Rosen, Barry, Spiewankiewicz, Beata, Karlan, Beth Y, Trabert, Britton, Fridley, Brooke L, Gilks, C Blake, Krakstad, Camilla, Phelan, Catherine M, Cybulski, Cezary, Walsh, Christine, Hogdall, Claus, Cramer, Daniel W, Huntsman, David G, Eccles, Diana, Lambrechts, Diether, Liang, Dong, Levine, Douglas A, Iversen, Edwin S, Bandera, Elisa V, Poole, Elizabeth M, Goode, Ellen L, Van Nieuwenhuysen, Els, Hogdall, Estrid, Bruinsma, Fiona, Heitz, Florian, Modugno, Francesmary, Giles, Graham G, Risch, Harvey A, Baker, Helen, Salvesen, Helga B, Nevanlinna, Heli, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Song, Honglin, McNeish, Iain, Campbell, Ian G, Vergote, Ignace, Runnebaum, Ingo B, Tangen, Ingvild L, Schwaab, Ira, Gronwald, Jacek, Paul, James, Lubinski, Jan, Doherty, Jennifer A, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Lester, Jenny, Schildkraut, Joellen M, McLaughlin, John R, Lissowska, Jolanta, Kupryjanczyk, Jolanta, Kelley, Joseph L, Rothstein, Joseph H, Cunningham, Julie M, Lu, Karen, Carty, Karen, Terry, Kathryn L, Aben, Katja KH, Moysich, Kirsten B, Wicklund, Kristine G, Odunsi, Kunle, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Sucheston-Campbell, Lara, Lundvall, Lene, Massuger, Leon FAG, Pelttari, Liisa M, Kelemen, Linda E, Cook, Linda S, Bjorge, Line, Nedergaard, Lotte, Brinton, Louise A, Wilkens, Lynne R, Pike, Malcolm C, Goodman, Marc T, and Bisogna, Maria
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Prevention, Cancer, Rare Diseases, Ovarian Cancer, Genetics, Genetic Testing, Clinical Research, Endometriosis, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Case-Control Studies, Computational Biology, Databases, Genetic, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Neoplasm Grading, Ovarian Neoplasms, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, SNPs, genetic variation, ovarian cancer, Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Public Health and Health Services, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, Reproductive medicine
Abstract: ObjectiveTo evaluate whether endometriosis-associated genetic variation affects risk of ovarian cancer.DesignPooled genetic analysis.SettingUniversity hospital.Patient(s)Genetic data from 46,176 participants (15,361 ovarian cancer cases and 30,815 controls) from 41 ovarian cancer studies.Intervention(s)None.Main outcome measure(s)Endometriosis-associated genetic variation and ovarian cancer.Result(s)There was significant evidence of an association between endometriosis-related genetic variation and ovarian cancer risk, especially for the high-grade serous and clear cell histotypes. Overall we observed 15 significant burden statistics, which was three times more than expected.Conclusion(s)By focusing on candidate regions from a phenotype associated with ovarian cancer, we have shown a clear genetic link between endometriosis and ovarian cancer that warrants further follow-up. The functional significance of the identified regions and SNPs is presently uncertain, though future fine mapping and histotype-specific functional analyses may shed light on the etiologies of both gynecologic conditions.
Published: 2016

42. Common variants at 19p13 are associated with susceptibility to ovarian cancer (vol 42, pg 880, 2010)

Author: Bolton, Kelly L, Tyrer, Jonathan, Song, Honglin, Ramus, Susan J, Notaridou, Maria, Jones, Chris, Sher, Tanya, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Wozniak, Eva, Tsai, Ya-Yu, Weidhaas, Joanne, Paik, Daniel, Van den Berg, David J, Stram, Daniel O, Pearce, Celeste Leigh, Wu, Anna H, Brewster, Wendy, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Ziogas, Argyrios, Narod, Steven A, Levine, Douglas A, Kaye, Stanley B, Brown, Robert, Paul, Jim, Flanagan, James, Sieh, Weiva, McGuire, Valerie, Whittemore, Alice S, Campbell, Ian, Gore, Martin E, Lissowska, Jolanta, Yang, Hanna P, Medrek, Krzysztof, Gronwald, Jacek, Lubinski, Jan, Jakubowska, Anna, Le, Nhu D, Cook, Linda S, Kelemen, Linda E, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Massuger, Leon FAG, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Aben, Katja KH, van Altena, Anne M, Houlston, Richard, Tomlinson, Ian, Palmieri, Rachel T, Moorman, Patricia G, Schildkraut, Joellen, Iversen, Edwin S, Phelan, Catherine, Vierkant, Robert A, Cunningham, Julie M, Goode, Ellen L, Fridley, Brooke L, Kruger-Kjaer, Susan, Blaeker, Jan, Hogdall, Estrid, Hogdall, Claus, Gross, Jenny, Karlan, Beth Y, Ness, Roberta B, Edwards, Robert P, Odunsi, Kunle, Moyisch, Kirsten B, Baker, Julie A, Modugno, Francesmary, Heikkinenen, Tuomas, Butzow, Ralf, Nevanlinna, Heli, Leminen, Arto, Bogdanova, Natalia, Antonenkova, Natalia, Doerk, Thilo, Hillemanns, Peter, Duerst, Matthias, Runnebaum, Ingo, Thompson, Pamela J, Carney, Michael E, Goodman, Marc T, Lurie, Galina, Wang-Gohrke, Shan, Hein, Rebecca, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Rossing, Mary Anne, Cushing-Haugen, Kara L, Doherty, Jennifer, Chen, Chu, Rafnar, Thorunn, Besenbacher, Soren, Sulem, Patrick, Stefansson, Kari, Birrer, Michael J, Terry, Kathryn L, Hernandez, Dena, Cramer, Daniel W, Vergote, Ignace, Amant, Frederic, Lambrechts, Diether, and Despierre, Evelyn
Subjects: Developmental Biology, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences
Published: 2016

43. Corrigendum: Common variants at 19p13 are associated with susceptibility to ovarian cancer.

Author: Bolton, Kelly L, Tyrer, Jonathan, Song, Honglin, Ramus, Susan J, Notaridou, Maria, Jones, Chris, Sher, Tanya, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Wozniak, Eva, Tsai, Ya-Yu, Weidhaas, Joanne, Paik, Daniel, Van Den Berg, David J, Stram, Daniel O, Pearce, Celeste Leigh, Wu, Anna H, Brewster, Wendy, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Ziogas, Argyrios, Narod, Steven A, Levine, Douglas A, Kaye, Stanley B, Brown, Robert, Paul, Jim, Flanagan, James, Sieh, Weiva, McGuire, Valerie, Whittemore, Alice S, Campbell, Ian, Gore, Martin E, Lissowska, Jolanta, Yang, Hanna P, Medrek, Krzysztof, Gronwald, Jacek, Lubinski, Jan, Jakubowska, Anna, Le, Nhu D, Cook, Linda S, Kelemen, Linda E, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Massuger, Leon FAG, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Aben, Katja KH, van Altena, Anne M, Houlston, Richard, Tomlinson, Ian, Palmieri, Rachel T, Moorman, Patricia G, Schildkraut, Joellen, Iversen, Edwin S, Phelan, Catherine, Vierkant, Robert A, Cunningham, Julie M, Goode, Ellen L, Fridley, Brooke L, Kruger-Kjaer, Susan, Blaeker, Jan, Hogdall, Estrid, Hogdall, Claus, Gross, Jenny, Karlan, Beth Y, Ness, Roberta B, Edwards, Robert P, Odunsi, Kunle, Moyisch, Kirsten B, Baker, Julie A, Modugno, Francesmary, Heikkinenen, Tuomas, Butzow, Ralf, Nevanlinna, Heli, Leminen, Arto, Bogdanova, Natalia, Antonenkova, Natalia, Doerk, Thilo, Hillemanns, Peter, Dürst, Matthias, Runnebaum, Ingo, Thompson, Pamela J, Carney, Michael E, Goodman, Marc T, Lurie, Galina, Wang-Gohrke, Shan, Hein, Rebecca, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Rossing, Mary Anne, Cushing-Haugen, Kara L, Doherty, Jennifer, Chen, Chu, Rafnar, Thorunn, Besenbacher, Soren, Sulem, Patrick, Stefansson, Kari, Birrer, Michael J, Terry, Kathryn L, Hernandez, Dena, Cramer, Daniel W, Vergote, Ignace, Amant, Frederic, Lambrechts, Diether, and Despierre, Evelyn
Subjects: Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Rare Diseases, Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Published: 2016

44. Genome-wide Analysis Identifies Novel Loci Associated with Ovarian Cancer Outcomes: Findings from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium

Author: Johnatty, Sharon E, Group, on behalf of the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Kar, Siddhartha, Beesley, Jonathan, Lu, Yi, Gao, Bo, Fasching, Peter A, Hein, Alexander, Ekici, Arif B, Beckmann, Matthias W, Lambrechts, Diether, Van Nieuwenhuysen, Els, Vergote, Ignace, Lambrechts, Sandrina, Rossing, Mary Anne, Doherty, Jennifer A, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Modugno, Francesmary, Ness, Roberta B, Moysich, Kirsten B, Levine, Douglas A, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Massuger, Leon FAG, Gronwald, Jacek, Lubiński, Jan, Jakubowska, Anna, Cybulski, Cezary, Brinton, Louise, Lissowska, Jolanta, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Song, Honglin, Rhenius, Valerie, Campbell, Ian, Eccles, Diana, Sieh, Weiva, Whittemore, Alice S, McGuire, Valerie, Rothstein, Joseph H, Sutphen, Rebecca, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Ziogas, Argyrios, Gayther, Simon A, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Menon, Usha, Ramus, Susan J, Pearce, Celeste L, Pike, Malcolm C, Stram, Daniel O, Wu, Anna H, Kupryjanczyk, Jolanta, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Agnieszka, Rzepecka, Iwona K, Spiewankiewicz, Beata, Goodman, Marc T, Wilkens, Lynne R, Carney, Michael E, Thompson, Pamela J, Heitz, Florian, du Bois, Andreas, Schwaab, Ira, Harter, Philipp, Pisterer, Jacobus, Hillemanns, Peter, Group, on behalf of the AGO Study, Karlan, Beth Y, Walsh, Christine, Lester, Jenny, Orsulic, Sandra, Winham, Stacey J, Earp, Madalene, Larson, Melissa C, Fogarty, Zachary C, Høgdall, Estrid, Jensen, Allan, Kjaer, Susanne Kruger, Fridley, Brooke L, Cunningham, Julie M, Vierkant, Robert A, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Iversen, Edwin S, Terry, Kathryn L, Cramer, Daniel W, Bandera, Elisa V, Orlow, Irene, Pejovic, Tanja, Bean, Yukie, Høgdall, Claus, Lundvall, Lene, McNeish, Ian, Paul, James, Carty, Karen, Siddiqui, Nadeem, Glasspool, Rosalind, Sellers, Thomas, Kennedy, Catherine, Chiew, Yoke-Eng, Berchuck, Andrew, MacGregor, Stuart, and Pharoah, Paul DP
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Orphan Drug, Genetics, Human Genome, Precision Medicine, Rare Diseases, Women's Health, Cancer Genomics, Ovarian Cancer, Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Alleles, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Computational Biology, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial, Ovarian Neoplasms, Patient Outcome Assessment, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prognosis, Quantitative Trait Loci, AGO Study Group, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Clinical sciences, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: PurposeChemotherapy resistance remains a major challenge in the treatment of ovarian cancer. We hypothesize that germline polymorphisms might be associated with clinical outcome.Experimental designWe analyzed approximately 2.8 million genotyped and imputed SNPs from the iCOGS experiment for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in 2,901 European epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients who underwent first-line treatment of cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy regardless of regimen, and in a subset of 1,098 patients treated with ≥ 4 cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin at standard doses. We evaluated the top SNPs in 4,434 EOC patients, including patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas. In addition, we conducted pathway analysis of all intragenic SNPs and tested their association with PFS and OS using gene set enrichment analysis.ResultsFive SNPs were significantly associated (P ≤ 1.0 × 10(-5)) with poorer outcomes in at least one of the four analyses, three of which, rs4910232 (11p15.3), rs2549714 (16q23), and rs6674079 (1q22), were located in long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) RP11-179A10.1, RP11-314O13.1, and RP11-284F21.8, respectively (P ≤ 7.1 × 10(-6)). ENCODE ChIP-seq data at 1q22 for normal ovary show evidence of histone modification around RP11-284F21.8, and rs6674079 is perfectly correlated with another SNP within the super-enhancer MEF2D, expression levels of which were reportedly associated with prognosis in another solid tumor. YAP1- and WWTR1 (TAZ)-stimulated gene expression and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated lipid transport pathways were associated with PFS and OS, respectively, in the cohort who had standard chemotherapy (pGSEA ≤ 6 × 10(-3)).ConclusionsWe have identified SNPs in three lncRNAs that might be important targets for novel EOC therapies.
Published: 2015

45. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies common susceptibility polymorphisms for colorectal and endometrial cancer near SH2B3 and TSHZ1.

Author: Cheng, Timothy HT, Thompson, Deborah, Painter, Jodie, O'Mara, Tracy, Gorman, Maggie, Martin, Lynn, Palles, Claire, Jones, Angela, Buchanan, Daniel D, Win, Aung Ko, Hopper, John, Jenkins, Mark, Lindor, Noralane M, Newcomb, Polly A, Gallinger, Steve, Conti, David, Schumacher, Fred, Casey, Graham, Giles, Graham G, Pharoah, Paul, Peto, Julian, Cox, Angela, Swerdlow, Anthony, Couch, Fergus, Cunningham, Julie M, Goode, Ellen L, Winham, Stacey J, Lambrechts, Diether, Fasching, Peter, Burwinkel, Barbara, Brenner, Hermann, Brauch, Hiltrud, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Salvesen, Helga B, Kristensen, Vessela, Darabi, Hatef, Li, Jingmei, Liu, Tao, Lindblom, Annika, Hall, Per, de Polanco, Magdalena Echeverry, Sans, Monica, Carracedo, Angel, Castellvi-Bel, Sergi, Rojas-Martinez, Augusto, Aguiar Jnr, Samuel, Teixeira, Manuel R, Dunning, Alison M, Dennis, Joe, Otton, Geoffrey, Proietto, Tony, Holliday, Elizabeth, Attia, John, Ashton, Katie, Scott, Rodney J, McEvoy, Mark, Dowdy, Sean C, Fridley, Brooke L, Werner, Henrica MJ, Trovik, Jone, Njolstad, Tormund S, Tham, Emma, Mints, Miriam, Runnebaum, Ingo, Hillemanns, Peter, Dörk, Thilo, Amant, Frederic, Schrauwen, Stefanie, Hein, Alexander, Beckmann, Matthias W, Ekici, Arif, Czene, Kamila, Meindl, Alfons, Bolla, Manjeet K, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Wang, Qin, Ahmed, Shahana, Healey, Catherine S, Shah, Mitul, Annibali, Daniela, Depreeuw, Jeroen, Al-Tassan, Nada A, Harris, Rebecca, Meyer, Brian F, Whiffin, Nicola, Hosking, Fay J, Kinnersley, Ben, Farrington, Susan M, Timofeeva, Maria, Tenesa, Albert, Campbell, Harry, Haile, Robert W, Hodgson, Shirley, Carvajal-Carmona, Luis, Cheadle, Jeremy P, Easton, Douglas, Dunlop, Malcolm, Houlston, Richard, and Spurdle, Amanda
Subjects: Humans, Colorectal Neoplasms, Endometrial Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Proteins, Homeodomain Proteins, Neoplasm Proteins, Polymorphism, Genetic, Alleles, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Polymorphism, Genetic
Abstract: High-risk mutations in several genes predispose to both colorectal cancer (CRC) and endometrial cancer (EC). We therefore hypothesised that some lower-risk genetic variants might also predispose to both CRC and EC. Using CRC and EC genome-wide association series, totalling 13,265 cancer cases and 40,245 controls, we found that the protective allele [G] at one previously-identified CRC polymorphism, rs2736100 near TERT, was associated with EC risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.08, P = 0.000167); this polymorphism influences the risk of several other cancers. A further CRC polymorphism near TERC also showed evidence of association with EC (OR = 0.92; P = 0.03). Overall, however, there was no good evidence that the set of CRC polymorphisms was associated with EC risk, and neither of two previously-reported EC polymorphisms was associated with CRC risk. A combined analysis revealed one genome-wide significant polymorphism, rs3184504, on chromosome 12q24 (OR = 1.10, P = 7.23 × 10(-9)) with shared effects on CRC and EC risk. This polymorphism, a missense variant in the gene SH2B3, is also associated with haematological and autoimmune disorders, suggesting that it influences cancer risk through the immune response. Another polymorphism, rs12970291 near gene TSHZ1, was associated with both CRC and EC (OR = 1.26, P = 4.82 × 10(-8)), with the alleles showing opposite effects on the risks of the two cancers.
Published: 2015

46. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Gene Variants and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) Risk.

Author: Amankwah, Ernest K, Lin, Hui-Yi, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Lawrenson, Kate, Dennis, Joe, Chornokur, Ganna, Aben, Katja KH, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia, Bruinsma, Fiona, Bandera, Elisa V, Bean, Yukie T, Beckmann, Matthias W, Bisogna, Maria, Bjorge, Line, Bogdanova, Natalia, Brinton, Louise A, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Bunker, Clareann H, Butzow, Ralf, Campbell, Ian G, Carty, Karen, Chen, Zhihua, Chen, Y Ann, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Cook, Linda S, Cramer, Daniel W, Cunningham, Julie M, Cybulski, Cezary, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Agnieszka, du Bois, Andreas, Despierre, Evelyn, Dicks, Ed, Doherty, Jennifer A, Dörk, Thilo, Dürst, Matthias, Easton, Douglas F, Eccles, Diana M, Edwards, Robert P, Ekici, Arif B, Fasching, Peter A, Fridley, Brooke L, Gao, Yu-Tang, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Giles, Graham G, Glasspool, Rosalind, Goodman, Marc T, Gronwald, Jacek, Harrington, Patricia, Harter, Philipp, Hasmad, Hanis N, Hein, Alexander, Heitz, Florian, Hildebrandt, Michelle AT, Hillemanns, Peter, Hogdall, Claus K, Hogdall, Estrid, Hosono, Satoyo, Iversen, Edwin S, Jakubowska, Anna, Jensen, Allan, Ji, Bu-Tian, Karlan, Beth Y, Jim, Heather, Kellar, Melissa, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Krakstad, Camilla, Kjaer, Susanne K, Kupryjanczyk, Jolanta, Lambrechts, Diether, Lambrechts, Sandrina, Le, Nhu D, Lee, Alice W, Lele, Shashi, Leminen, Arto, Lester, Jenny, Levine, Douglas A, Liang, Dong, Lim, Boon Kiong, Lissowska, Jolanta, Lu, Karen, Lubinski, Jan, Lundvall, Lene, Massuger, Leon FAG, Matsuo, Keitaro, McGuire, Valerie, McLaughlin, John R, McNeish, Ian, Menon, Usha, Milne, Roger L, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten B, Ness, Roberta B, Nevanlinna, Heli, Eilber, Ursula, Odunsi, Kunle, Olson, Sara H, Orlow, Irene, Orsulic, Sandra, and Weber, Rachel Palmieri
Subjects: Georgia Chenevix-Trench on behalf of the AOCS management group, Humans, Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial, Ovarian Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Odds Ratio, Risk, Genotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, ovarian cancer, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Epidemiology, Public Health and Health Services, Genetics
Abstract: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process whereby epithelial cells assume mesenchymal characteristics to facilitate cancer metastasis. However, EMT also contributes to the initiation and development of primary tumors. Prior studies that explored the hypothesis that EMT gene variants contribute to epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) risk have been based on small sample sizes and none have sought replication in an independent population. We screened 15,816 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 296 genes in a discovery phase using data from a genome-wide association study of EOC among women of European ancestry (1,947 cases and 2,009 controls) and identified 793 variants in 278 EMT-related genes that were nominally (P < 0.05) associated with invasive EOC. These SNPs were then genotyped in a larger study of 14,525 invasive-cancer patients and 23,447 controls. A P-value
Published: 2015

47. Genomic risk prediction of coronary artery disease in women with breast cancer: a prospective cohort study

Author: Liou, Lathan, Kaptoge, Stephen, Dennis, Joe, Shah, Mitul, Tyrer, Jonathan, Inouye, Michael, Easton, Douglas F., and Pharoah, Paul D. P.
Published: 2021
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48. Common variants at the CHEK2 gene locus and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer

Author: Lawrenson, Kate, Iversen, Edwin S, Tyrer, Jonathan, Weber, Rachel Palmieri, Concannon, Patrick, Hazelett, Dennis J, Li, Qiyuan, Marks, Jeffrey R, Berchuck, Andrew, Lee, Janet M, Aben, Katja KH, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia, Bandera, Elisa V, Bean, Yukie, Beckmann, Matthias W, Bisogna, Maria, Bjorge, Line, Bogdanova, Natalia, Brinton, Louise A, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Bruinsma, Fiona, Butzow, Ralf, Campbell, Ian G, Carty, Karen, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Chen, Ann, Chen, Zhihua, Cook, Linda S, Cramer, Daniel W, Cunningham, Julie M, Cybulski, Cezary, Plisiecka-Halasa, Joanna, Dennis, Joe, Dicks, Ed, Doherty, Jennifer A, Dörk, Thilo, du Bois, Andreas, Eccles, Diana, Easton, Douglas T, Edwards, Robert P, Eilber, Ursula, Ekici, Arif B, Fasching, Peter A, Fridley, Brooke L, Gao, Yu-Tang, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Giles, Graham G, Glasspool, Rosalind, Goode, Ellen L, Goodman, Marc T, Gronwald, Jacek, Harter, Philipp, Hasmad, Hanis Nazihah, Hein, Alexander, Heitz, Florian, Hildebrandt, Michelle AT, Hillemanns, Peter, Hogdall, Estrid, Hogdall, Claus, Hosono, Satoyo, Jakubowska, Anna, Paul, James, Jensen, Allan, Karlan, Beth Y, Kjaer, Susanne Kruger, Kelemen, Linda E, Kellar, Melissa, Kelley, Joseph L, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Krakstad, Camilla, Lambrechts, Diether, Lambrechts, Sandrina, Le, Nhu D, Lee, Alice W, Cannioto, Rikki, Leminen, Arto, Lester, Jenny, Levine, Douglas A, Liang, Dong, Lissowska, Jolanta, Lu, Karen, Lubinski, Jan, Lundvall, Lene, Massuger, Leon FAG, Matsuo, Keitaro, McGuire, Valerie, McLaughlin, John R, Nevanlinna, Heli, McNeish, Iain, Menon, Usha, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten B, Narod, Steven A, Nedergaard, Lotte, Ness, Roberta B, Azmi, Mat Adenan Noor, Odunsi, Kunle, and Olson, Sara H
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Clinical Research, Biotechnology, Cancer, Human Genome, Ovarian Cancer, Prevention, Rare Diseases, Genetic Testing, Genetics, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Case-Control Studies, Checkpoint Kinase 2, Female, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial, Ovarian Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Risk Factors, Australian Cancer Study, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies have identified 20 genomic regions associated with risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), but many additional risk variants may exist. Here, we evaluated associations between common genetic variants [single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and indels] in DNA repair genes and EOC risk. We genotyped 2896 common variants at 143 gene loci in DNA samples from 15 397 patients with invasive EOC and controls. We found evidence of associations with EOC risk for variants at FANCA, EXO1, E2F4, E2F2, CREB5 and CHEK2 genes (P ≤ 0.001). The strongest risk association was for CHEK2 SNP rs17507066 with serous EOC (P = 4.74 x 10(-7)). Additional genotyping and imputation of genotypes from the 1000 genomes project identified a slightly more significant association for CHEK2 SNP rs6005807 (r (2) with rs17507066 = 0.84, odds ratio (OR) 1.17, 95% CI 1.11-1.24, P = 1.1×10(-7)). We identified 293 variants in the region with likelihood ratios of less than 1:100 for representing the causal variant. Functional annotation identified 25 candidate SNPs that alter transcription factor binding sites within regulatory elements active in EOC precursor tissues. In The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, CHEK2 gene expression was significantly higher in primary EOCs compared to normal fallopian tube tissues (P = 3.72×10(-8)). We also identified an association between genotypes of the candidate causal SNP rs12166475 (r (2) = 0.99 with rs6005807) and CHEK2 expression (P = 2.70×10(-8)). These data suggest that common variants at 22q12.1 are associated with risk of serous EOC and CHEK2 as a plausible target susceptibility gene.
Published: 2015

49. Germline Mutations in the BRIP1, BARD1, PALB2, and NBN Genes in Women With Ovarian Cancer.

Author: Ramus, Susan J, Song, Honglin, Dicks, Ed, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Rosenthal, Adam N, Intermaggio, Maria P, Fraser, Lindsay, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Hayward, Jane, Philpott, Susan, Anderson, Christopher, Edlund, Christopher K, Conti, David, Harrington, Patricia, Barrowdale, Daniel, Bowtell, David D, Alsop, Kathryn, Mitchell, Gillian, AOCS Study Group, Cicek, Mine S, Cunningham, Julie M, Fridley, Brooke L, Alsop, Jennifer, Jimenez-Linan, Mercedes, Poblete, Samantha, Lele, Shashi, Sucheston-Campbell, Lara, Moysich, Kirsten B, Sieh, Weiva, McGuire, Valerie, Lester, Jenny, Bogdanova, Natalia, Dürst, Matthias, Hillemanns, Peter, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Odunsi, Kunle, Whittemore, Alice S, Karlan, Beth Y, Dörk, Thilo, Goode, Ellen L, Menon, Usha, Jacobs, Ian J, Antoniou, Antonis C, Pharoah, Paul DP, and Gayther, Simon A
Subjects: AOCS Study Group, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Humans, Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial, Ovarian Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, RNA Helicases, Cell Cycle Proteins, DNA-Binding Proteins, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Nuclear Proteins, Risk, Predictive Value of Tests, Germ-Line Mutation, Mutation, Missense, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, European Continental Ancestry Group, United States, Female, Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group Proteins, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group N Protein, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and Carcinogenesis
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, responsible for 13 000 deaths per year in the United States. Risk prediction based on identifying germline mutations in ovarian cancer susceptibility genes could have a clinically significant impact on reducing disease mortality. METHODS:Next generation sequencing was used to identify germline mutations in the coding regions of four candidate susceptibility genes-BRIP1, BARD1, PALB2 and NBN-in 3236 invasive EOC case patients and 3431 control patients of European origin, and in 2000 unaffected high-risk women from a clinical screening trial of ovarian cancer (UKFOCSS). For each gene, we estimated the prevalence and EOC risks and evaluated associations between germline variant status and clinical and epidemiological risk factor information. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS:We found an increased frequency of deleterious mutations in BRIP1 in case patients (0.9%) and in the UKFOCSS participants (0.6%) compared with control patients (0.09%) (P = 1 x 10(-4) and 8 x 10(-4), respectively), but no differences for BARD1 (P = .39), NBN1 ( P = .61), or PALB2 (P = .08). There was also a difference in the frequency of rare missense variants in BRIP1 between case patients and control patients (P = 5.5 x 10(-4)). The relative risks associated with BRIP1 mutations were 11.22 for invasive EOC (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.22 to 34.10, P = 1 x 10(-4)) and 14.09 for high-grade serous disease (95% CI = 4.04 to 45.02, P = 2 x 10(-5)). Segregation analysis in families estimated the average relative risks in BRIP1 mutation carriers compared with the general population to be 3.41 (95% CI = 2.12 to 5.54, P = 7×10(-7)). CONCLUSIONS:Deleterious germline mutations in BRIP1 are associated with a moderate increase in EOC risk. These data have clinical implications for risk prediction and prevention approaches for ovarian cancer and emphasize the critical need for risk estimates based on very large sample sizes before genes of moderate penetrance have clinical utility in cancer prevention.
Published: 2015

50. Network-Based Integration of GWAS and Gene Expression Identifies a HOX-Centric Network Associated with Serous Ovarian Cancer Risk.

Author: Kar, Siddhartha P, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Li, Qiyuan, Lawrenson, Kate, Aben, Katja KH, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Australian Cancer Study, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Baker, Helen, Bandera, Elisa V, Bean, Yukie T, Beckmann, Matthias W, Berchuck, Andrew, Bisogna, Maria, Bjørge, Line, Bogdanova, Natalia, Brinton, Louise, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Butzow, Ralf, Campbell, Ian, Carty, Karen, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chen, Yian Ann, Chen, Zhihua, Cook, Linda S, Cramer, Daniel, Cunningham, Julie M, Cybulski, Cezary, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Agnieszka, Dennis, Joe, Dicks, Ed, Doherty, Jennifer A, Dörk, Thilo, du Bois, Andreas, Dürst, Matthias, Eccles, Diana, Easton, Douglas F, Edwards, Robert P, Ekici, Arif B, Fasching, Peter A, Fridley, Brooke L, Gao, Yu-Tang, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Giles, Graham G, Glasspool, Rosalind, Goode, Ellen L, Goodman, Marc T, Grownwald, Jacek, Harrington, Patricia, Harter, Philipp, Hein, Alexander, Heitz, Florian, Hildebrandt, Michelle AT, Hillemanns, Peter, Hogdall, Estrid, Hogdall, Claus K, Hosono, Satoyo, Iversen, Edwin S, Jakubowska, Anna, Paul, James, Jensen, Allan, Ji, Bu-Tian, Karlan, Beth Y, Kjaer, Susanne K, Kelemen, Linda E, Kellar, Melissa, Kelley, Joseph, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Krakstad, Camilla, Kupryjanczyk, Jolanta, Lambrechts, Diether, Lambrechts, Sandrina, Le, Nhu D, Lee, Alice W, Lele, Shashi, Leminen, Arto, Lester, Jenny, Levine, Douglas A, Liang, Dong, Lissowska, Jolanta, Lu, Karen, Lubinski, Jan, Lundvall, Lene, Massuger, Leon, Matsuo, Keitaro, McGuire, Valerie, McLaughlin, John R, McNeish, Iain A, Menon, Usha, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten B, Narod, Steven A, Nedergaard, Lotte, Ness, Roberta B, Nevanlinna, Heli, Odunsi, Kunle, Olson, Sara H, and Orlow, Irene
Subjects: Australian Cancer Study, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Humans, Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous, Ovarian Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Nuclear Proteins, Transcription Factors, DNA, Neoplasm, Morbidity, Risk Factors, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Genotype, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Global Health, Ovarian Cancer, Biotechnology, Cancer, Genetics, Rare Diseases, Prevention, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Epidemiology, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract: BackgroundGenome-wide association studies (GWAS) have so far reported 12 loci associated with serous epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk. We hypothesized that some of these loci function through nearby transcription factor (TF) genes and that putative target genes of these TFs as identified by coexpression may also be enriched for additional EOC risk associations.MethodsWe selected TF genes within 1 Mb of the top signal at the 12 genome-wide significant risk loci. Mutual information, a form of correlation, was used to build networks of genes strongly coexpressed with each selected TF gene in the unified microarray dataset of 489 serous EOC tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Genes represented in this dataset were subsequently ranked using a gene-level test based on results for germline SNPs from a serous EOC GWAS meta-analysis (2,196 cases/4,396 controls).ResultsGene set enrichment analysis identified six networks centered on TF genes (HOXB2, HOXB5, HOXB6, HOXB7 at 17q21.32 and HOXD1, HOXD3 at 2q31) that were significantly enriched for genes from the risk-associated end of the ranked list (P < 0.05 and FDR < 0.05). These results were replicated (P < 0.05) using an independent association study (7,035 cases/21,693 controls). Genes underlying enrichment in the six networks were pooled into a combined network.ConclusionWe identified a HOX-centric network associated with serous EOC risk containing several genes with known or emerging roles in serous EOC development.ImpactNetwork analysis integrating large, context-specific datasets has the potential to offer mechanistic insights into cancer susceptibility and prioritize genes for experimental characterization.
Published: 2015

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