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1. BENEFICIAL OWNER CENTRAL REGISTRY AS A TOOL TO FIGHT MONEY LAUNDERING AND TERRORIST FINANCING.

Author: DAUDRIKH, YANA
Subjects: BANK accounts, MONEY laundering, TERRORISTS, LEGISLATION, INFORMATION retrieval
Abstract: This article deals with the effect of the central registry of beneficial owners in terms of money laundering and terrorist financing. The main purpose of the article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the functioning of central registries of beneficial owners both at the national and European levels. The author focuses mainly on the issue of the European Central Platform as well as on the Centralized Registry of Bank Accounts. This article aims to confirm or refute the hypothesis that the current legislation is insufficient and that the established legal framework has certain gaps that may affect the original intent and goals of the central registry of beneficial owners. Within the application issues, we also deal in more detail with the question of whether the central registry of beneficial owners can be seen as reliable and whether it contains up-to-date information/. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021

2. Investigation of the Geochemical Composition and Paleo-Depositional Environment of Ubo and Ikpeshi Marble Deposit, Southwestern Nigeria: A Comparative Study.

Author: Ailegbo, J., Ehinlaiye, A. O., Bassey, P., and Odia-Oseghale, J. O.
Abstract: The marble deposits at Ubo and Ikpeshi areas of Edo state, Southwestern Nigeria, were studied in order to determine the major elements and the paleo-depositional environment of the original sediments using standard methods. Results obtained using test of difference between Ubo and Ikpeshi marbles showed that CaO (51.977±0.922 & 54.726±0.23), MgO (3.034±0.829 & 0.499±0.115), Na2O (1.7±0.73 & 0.024±0.008), MgCO3 (6.337±1.734 & 1.034±0.238), Cu (24.589±0.692 & 27.447±0.711), Ni (23.907±0.854 & 30.979±0.494), all for Ubo and Ikpeshi respectively; with Ni showing highest significance with P<0.01. The Ubo marble deposit occurs as a lensoid body within the younger metasedimentary sequence. The major element composition reveal a mean chemical composition of CaO (51.97 and 54.73 %), MgO (3.0 and 0.49 %), SiO2 (0.74 and 0.70%), K2O (0.08 and 0.04%), Na2O (1.70 and 0.02%), Al2O3 (0.75 and 0.25%), Fe2O3 (0.34 and 0.25%), and Loss on Ignition - L.O.I (43.34 and 49.31%) in Ubo and Ikpeshi marbles respectively, which is indicative that the marble samples were all calcitic. The low values of the total alkali content in the marble samples from the two locations indicate that the environment of deposition of the original carbonate materials that metamorphosed into marbles from both locations must have been a shallow, highly saline environment with probably little influx of salty brine water in the basin. Silica was used as an abscissa in these plots because it shows substantial variations among the marbles with most of the linear relationship between silica and the various oxides showing negative correlation, this probably reflects the admixture of the carbonates with chert. The trend of the plots of Na2O + K2O vs. SiO2 for the marbles from both locations show a variation in the salinity [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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3. Mass-independent and mass-dependent Cr isotopic composition of the Rumuruti (R) chondrites: Implications for their origin and planet formation

Author: Martin Schiller, Jean-Alix Barrat, Frédéric Moynier, Conel M. O'd. Alexander, Martin Bizzarro, Addi Bischoff, Ke Zhu, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre for Star and Planet Formation (STARPLAN), Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Carnegie Institution for Science, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Planetologie [Münster], Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), F. M. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the H2020 framework program/ERC grant agreement (ERC starting grant, #637503-PRISTINE) and financial support of the UnivEarthS Labex program at Université de Paris (#ANR-10-LABX-0023 and #ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02), and the IPGP platform PARI, and the Region Île-de-France Sesame grant no. 12015908. M. S. acknowledges funding from the Villum Fonden (#00025333). M. B. acknowledges funding from the Carlsberg Foundation (#CF18-1105), the Danish National Research Foundation (#DNRF97) and the European Research Council (ERC Advanced Grant Agreement, #833275-DEEPTIME). A. B. thanks the support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation, #263649064) – TRR 170 (subproject B05). This is TRR170 Publication No. 116. K. Z. thanks the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for the PhD fellowship (#201706340161) and IPGP for the funding support of traveling, 'Aide à la MOBILITE INTERNATIONALE des doctorants de l’IPGP' (2019), to visit Earth and Planetary Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science., ANR-10-LABX-0023,UnivEarthS,Earth - Planets - Universe: observation, modeling, transfer(2010), ANR-11-IDEX-0005,USPC,Université Sorbonne Paris Cité(2011), European Project: 637503,H2020,ERC-2014-STG,PRISTINE(2015), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU)
Subjects: chondrules, cr-54, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, oxygen-isotope, Geochemistry, EARLY SOLAR-SYSTEM, earth, Ureilite, engineering.material, CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmochemistry, CR-54, Geochemistry and Petrology, Chondrite, Cr stable isotopes, QUANTITATIVE MODELS, EARTH, fractionation, UBO, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Isotope, Chemistry, FRACTIONATION, ACL, METEORITE, Chondrule, Cr-54 nucleosynthetic anomalies, CHONDRULES, Rumuruti Chondrites, meteorite, OXYGEN-ISOTOPE, Mn-53-Cr-53 chronometry, Planetary science, 13. Climate action, DISCOVERY, Enstatite, engineering, Chondritic clast, quantitative models, chemical-composition, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, early solar-system, Planetary differentiation
Abstract: WOS:000600550100030; International audience; Chromium (Cr) isotopes play an important role in cosmochemistry and planetary science because they are powerful tools for dating (Mn-53-Cr-53 short-lived chronometry), tracing (Cr-54 nucleosynthetic anomalies) the origins of the materials, and studying the processes involved in volatile element fractionation and planetary differentiation (Cr stable isotopic fractionation). To use Cr isotopes for these purposes, it is essential to precisely know the compositions of the various chondritic reservoirs. However, the Cr isotope composition of Rumuruti (R) chondrites remains unknown. Here, we report high-precision mass-independent (average 2SE uncertainty of similar to 0.02 and similar to 0.06 for epsilon Cr-53 and epsilon Cr-54, respectively; epsilon indicates 10,000 deviation) and mass-dependent (uncertainty of average 0.03 parts per thousand for delta Cr-53; .delta indicates 1000 deviation) Cr isotope data for 12 bulk R chondrites of petrologic types 3-6 (including R chondrite breccias), and one R chondrite-like clast (MS-CH) in the Almahata Sitta polymict ureilite. All the R chondrites show homogeneous bulk epsilon Cr-54 values, -0.06 +/- 0.08 (2SD), similar only to those of the Earth-Moon system and enstatite chondrites. This first epsilon Cr-54 dataset for R chondrites provides significant addition to the epsilon Cr-54-A, Delta O-17 diagram, and positions them as a potential endmember for planetary precursors. The R chondrites possess a higher Mn-55/Cr-52 of 0.68 +/- 0.04 relative to most of carbonaceous chondrites and higher epsilon Cr-53 values 0.23 +/- 0.05 (2SD) relative to most of chondrite groups. This likely results from the lower chondrule abundance in R chondrites compared to that of ordinary and enstatite chondrites. The stable Cr isotope composition of R chondrites is homogeneous with a delta Cr-53 = -0.12 +/- 0.03%e (2SD). Combined with previous data of other groups of chondrites, we show that the stable Cr isotopic composition of all the chondrites is homogeneous with delta Cr-53 of -0.12 +/- 0.04%e (2SD, N = 42) and is independent of the petrologic type and redox conditions. The lack of mass-dependent fractionation between all groups of chondrites suggests that the average chondrite delta Cr-53 value is also representative for the initial composition of all differentiated planets in the Solar System. Finally, the MS-CH clast in Almahata Sitta has a Cr isotopic composition (epsilon Cr-53 = 0.18 +/- 0.04, epsilon Cr-54 = 0.16 +/- 0.07, and delta Cr-53 = -0.11 +/- 0.05%e) that is consistent (within error) with it being an R chondrite-like clast. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2021
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4. A 45-year sub-annual reconstruction of seawater temperature in the Bay of Brest, France, using the shell oxygen isotope composition of the bivalve Glycymeris glycymeris

Author: Melita Peharda, Bernd R. Schöne, Julien Thébault, Amy M. Featherstone, Paul G. Butler, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Bioscience [Aarhus], University of Exeter, Institute of Geosciences [Mainz], Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, European Project: 604802,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN,ARAMACC(2013), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU)
Subjects: Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, SPG, aragonite, 01 natural sciences, Isotopes of oxygen, Sclerochronology, nao, pecten-maximus, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, biology, spg, Stable isotope ratio, high-resolution proxy records, EAP, temperature reconstruction, Oceanography, climate-change, northern-hemisphere temperatures, Geology, 010506 paleontology, growth, forecast, ARAMACC_FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN, dog cockle, stable isotopes, engineering.material, climate signals, NAO, sclerochemistry, sclerochronology, eap, 14. Life underwater, UBO, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Glycymeris, variability, ACL, Aragonite, marine, resolution, Paleontology, atlantic subpolar gyre, biology.organism_classification, 13. Climate action, DISCOVERY, engineering, Seawater, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Bay, Dog cockle
Abstract: A reconstruction of sea surface temperature (SST) spanning 45 years (1966–2011) was developed from δ18O obtained from the aragonitic shells of Glycymeris glycymeris, collected from the Bay of Brest, France. Bivalve sampling was undertaken monthly between 2014 and 2015 using a dredge. In total, 401 live specimens and 243 articulated paired valves from dead specimens were collected, of which 24 individuals were used to reconstruct SST. Temperatures determined using the palaeotemperature equation of Royer et al. compared well with observed SST during the growing season between 1998 and 2010 (Pearson’s correlation: p = 0.002, r = 0.760). Furthermore, a significant negative correlation was found between the reconstructed SST and the North Atlantic Subpolar Gyre (SPG) index ( p = 0.001, r = −0.50), and a significant positive correlation was found with the East Atlantic Pattern (EAP) index when the reconstructed SST was lagged by 1 year ( p = 0.002, r = 0.46). This led to the conclusion that EAP and SPG are major influences on SSTs in the Bay of Brest. As the SPG controls air temperature in Northern Europe and the EAP controls water temperature in Southern Europe, this suggests that the Bay of Brest is an interaction area between these two climate systems. As such, this locality is interesting as the δ18O of the shells can be used as a proxy for both the SPG and EAP, and temperature reconstructions can provide a unique insight into how these climate systems interacted prior to the instrumental era.
Published: 2019
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5. Foraging depth depicts resource partitioning and contamination level in a pelagic shark assemblage: insights from mercury stable isotopes

Author: Raul Octavio Martinez Rincon, James T. Ketchum, Gaël Le Croizier, David Point, Felipe Galván-Magaña, Lucien Besnard, Gauthier Schaal, Edouard Kraffe, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Pelagios Kakunjá, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste [Mexico] (CONACYT-CIBNOR), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), Lucien Besnard doctoral grant was funded by the École Doctorale des Sciences de la Mer et du Littoral (EDSML) and by the Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO). The project is supported by ISblue project, interdisciplinary graduate school for the blue planet (ANR-17-EURE-0015) and co-funded by a grant from the French government under the program 'Investissements d’Avenir'. It is also backed by MIC ERASMUS+ and Ecos Annuies projects. Gaël Le Croizier was supported by a postdoctoral grant from the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD). Mercury concentration and stable isotopic analyses were financially supported by the French National Research Agency (project ANR-17-CE34-0010 MERTOX, PI David Point). Felipe Galván-Magaña thanks the Instituto Politecnico Nacional for fellowships (COFAA, EDI)., ANR-17-EURE-0015,ISBlue,Interdisciplinary Graduate School for the Blue planet(2017), ANR-17-CE34-0010,MERTOX,Découvrir l'origine de la toxine methylmercure dans les écosystèmes marins(2017), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: Isurus, Food Chain, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Top predator, Mesopelagic zone, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Mercury accumulation, Foraging, Foraging depth, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Hammerhead shark, Trophic ecology, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Resource partitioning, SUD, UBO, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Apex predator, Trophic level, Carbon Isotopes, Nitrogen Isotopes, biology, ANR-17-EURE-0015, Ecology, ACL, Prionace glauca, Mercury, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Mercury stable isotopes, Mercury Isotopes, Seafood, Shortfin mako shark, DISCOVERY, Sharks, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, MERTOX_ ANR-17-CE34-0010
Abstract: International audience; The decline of shark populations in the world ocean is affecting ecosystem structure and function in an unpredictable way and new ecological information is today needed to better understand the role of sharks in their habitats. In particular, the characterization of foraging patterns is crucial to understand and foresee the evolution of dynamics between sharks and their prey. Many shark species use the mesopelagic area as a major foraging ground but the degree to which different pelagic sharks rely on this habitat remains overlooked. In order to depict the vertical dimension of their trophic ecology, we used mercury stable isotopes in the muscle of three pelagic shark species (the blue shark Prionace glauca, the shortfin mako shark Isurus oxyrinchus and the smooth hammerhead shark Sphyrna zygaena) from the northeastern Pacific region. The Δ199Hg values, ranging from 1.40 to 2.13‰ in sharks, suggested a diet mostly based on mesopelagic prey in oceanic habitats. We additionally used carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) alone or in combination with Δ199Hg values, to assess resource partitioning between the three shark species. Adding Δ199Hg resulted in a decrease in trophic overlap estimates compared to those based on δ13C/δ15N alone, demonstrating that multi-isotope modeling is needed for accurate trophic description of the three species. Mainly, it reveals that they forage at different average depths and that resource partitioning is mostly expressed through the vertical dimension within pelagic shark assemblages. Concomitantly, muscle total mercury concentration (THg) differed between species and increased with feeding depth. Overall, this study highlights the key role of the mesopelagic zone for shark species foraging among important depth gradients and reports new ecological information on trophic competition using mercury isotopes. It also suggests that foraging depth may play a pivotal role in the differences between muscle THg from co-occurring high trophic level shark species.
Published: 2021
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6. Amino-nanopolystyrene exposures of oyster (Crassostrea gigas) embryos induced no apparent intergenerational effects

Author: A. Huvet, Christophe Lambert, C. Bourdon, Bruno Petton, Claudie Quéré, Anne-Laure Cassone, Philippe Soudant, Myrina Boulais, Ika Paul-Pont, I. Bernardini, Antoine Bideau, Marianne Alunno-Bruscia, Caroline Fabioux, N. Le Goïc, F. Le Grand, Kevin Tallec, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment [Siena] (DSFTA), Università degli Studi di Siena = University of Siena (UNISI), This study was supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) – Nanoplastics project (ANR-15-CE34-0006)., ANR-15-CE34-0006,Nanoplastics,Microplastiques, nanoplastiques dans l'environnement marin: caractérisation, impacts et évaluation des risques sanitaires.(2015), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd)
Subjects: Oyster, animal structures, CNRS, Biomedical Engineering, Zoology, panorama, 02 engineering and technology, larval performances, Toxicology, 03 medical and health sciences, biology.animal, 14. Life underwater, UBO, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, embryonic exposure, biology, offspring, ACL, fungi, Pelagic zone, Embryo, Marine invertebrates, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, Early life, nanoplastics, Crassostrea, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 0210 nano-technology, Ifremer, human activities
Abstract: WOS:000616240600001; International audience; Early life stages (ELS) of numerous marine invertebrates mustcope with man-made contaminants, including plastic debris, during their pelagic phase. Among the diversity of plastic particles, nano-sized debris, known as nanoplastics, can induce effects with severe outcomes in ELS of various biological models, including the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Here, we investigated the effects of a sub-lethal dose (0.1 mu g mL(-1)) of 50 nm polystyrene nanobeads (nano-PS) with amine functions on oyster embryos (24 h exposure) and we assessed consequences on larval and adult performances over two generations of oysters. Only a few effects were observed. Lipid analyses revealed that first-generation (G1) embryos exposed to nano-PS displayed a relative increase in cardiolipin content (+9.7%), suggesting a potential modification of mitochondrial functioning. G1-larvae issued from exposed embryos showed decreases in larval growth (-9%) and lipid storage (-20%). No effect was observed at the G1 adult stage in terms of growth, ecophysiological parameters (clearance and respiration rates, absorption efficiency), or reproductive outputs (gonadic development, gamete quality). Second generation (G2) larvae issued from control G1 displayed a significant growth reduction after G2 embryonic exposure to nano-PS (-24%) compared to control (as observed at the first generation), while no intergenerational effect was detected on G2 larvae issued from G1 exposed embryos. Overall, the present experimental study suggests a low incidence of a short embryonic exposure to nano-PS on oyster phenotypes along the entire life cycle until the next larval generation.
Published: 2021
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7. The silent spring of Sargassum

Author: Ronan Pierre, Valérie Stiger-Pouvreau, Damien A. Devault, Victoire Cottereau, Alexandra Coynel, Franck Dolique, Emma Modestin, Fabien Vedie, Centre Universitaire de Formation et de Recherche de Mayotte (CUFR), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Migrations internationales, espaces et sociétés (MIGRINTER UMR 7301), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers, DEAL Martinique, MEDDTL, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etude et de Valorisation des Algues (CEVA), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, panorama, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Spring (hydrology), Environmental Chemistry, Ecotoxicology, alginate, seafood, UBO, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, ACL, carbon, Sargassum, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Outremer, speciation, seaweed, transport, extraction, Environmental science, Seasons, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: WOS:000607369700001
Published: 2021
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8. Extending community trajectory analysis: New metrics and representation

Author: Nicolas Desroy, Martina Sánchez-Pinillos, M. De Cáceres, P. Le Mao, Gauthier Schaal, A. Ponsero, A. Sturbois, Olivier Gauthier, VivArmor Nature, Réserve Naturelle Nationale Baie St-Brieuc, Réserves Naturelles de France-Réserves Naturelles de France, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Environnement Ressource Bretagne Nord (LERBN), LITTORAL (LITTORAL), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Joint Research Unit CTFC – AGROTECNIO, Solsona, Spain, Centre for Forest Research (CEF), Department of Chemistry, University of Québec in Montréal, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick (UNB), Centre De Recherche et d'Enseignement sur les Systèmes Côtiers (CRESCO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Initial state, Computer science, Impact assessment, Trajectory analysis, Space (commercial competition), Machine learning, computer.software_genre, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecological variability, EU-FEAMP 621-B, Baseline (configuration management), Set (psychology), UBO, Community dynamics, Complement (set theory), business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ecological Modeling, ACL, Representation (systemics), 15. Life on land, Toolbox, Complementarity (molecular biology), DISCOVERY, Trajectory, Artificial intelligence, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, computer, Representation tools
Abstract: WOS:000614806200005; Ecological research focuses on the spatio-temporal patterns of ecosystems and communities. The recently proposed framework of Community Trajectory Analysis considers community dynamics as trajectories in a chosen space of community resemblance and utilizes geometrical properties of trajectories to compare and analyse temporal changes. Here, we extend the initial framework, which focused on consecutive trajectory segments, by considering additional metrics with respect to initial or baseline states. Addressing questions about community dynamics and more generally temporal and spatial ecological variability requires synthetic and efficient modes of representation. Hence, we propose a set of innovative maps, charts and trajectory roses to represent trajectory properties and complement the panel of traditional modes of representation used in community ecology. We use four case studies to highlight the complementarity and the ability of the new metrics and innovative figures to illustrate ecological trajectories and to facilitate their interpretation. Finally, we encourage ecologists skilled in multivariate analysis to integrate CTA into their toolbox in order to quantitatively evaluate spatio-temporal changes.
Published: 2021
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9. A New Protocol Using Acidification for Preserving DMSP in Macroalgae and Comparison with Existing Protocols

Author: Solène Connan, Valérie Stiger-Pouvreau, Eva Bucciarelli, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, macroalgae, CNRS, chibido, Sulfonium Compounds, panorama, Plant Science, Common method, Aquatic Science, Biology, Dimethylsulfoniopropionate, freezing, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ulva, Hydrolysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, acidification, Chondrus crispus, storage protocol, Bifurcaria bifurcata, drying, DMSP, UBO, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, ACL, Significant difference, Ulva compressa, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Seaweed, biology.organism_classification, dmsp, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, DISCOVERY, Gas chromatography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: WOS:000614643900001; Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) plays many important physiological and ecological roles in macroalgae. The most common method to measure DMSP is by gas chromatography analysis of the dimethylsulfide (DMS) produced after NaOH hydrolysis (pH \textgreater 12). Storage of DMS, however, is not recommended for more than a week. We investigated if acidification can be a suitable method to preserve DMSP in macroalgal samples over three months of storage, compared to widely used protocols such as drying and freezing at -20 degrees C. The DMSP content of green (Ulva sp. and Ulva compressa), red (Chondrus crispus), and brown (Bifurcaria bifurcata) macroalgae were analyzed: 24 h after NaOH addition (control values); and after acidification (0.2 mol center dot L HCl-1) for 24 h of fresh material, followed by NaOH addition for 24 h. These values were compared to measurements after 3-month storage of samples that had been either dried in a heater (60 degrees C for a night, and storage at room temperature), or frozen at -20 degrees C, or kept in 0.2 mol center dot L HCl-1. There was no significant difference between DMSP measurements on freshly collected material and after acidification of the samples, whether 24 h later or after 3 months of storage. This was in contrast to 3-month storage protocols involving overnight drying at 60 degrees C (75-98% DMSP loss), and to a lesser degree freezing at -20 degrees C (37-80% DMSP loss). We thus advise to acidify macroalgal samples for preservation over long periods of time rather than drying or freezing, when assaying DMSP content.
Published: 2021
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10. Phidianidine A and Synthetic Analogues as Naturally Inspired Marine Antifoulants

Author: Karine Réhel, Lindon W. K. Moodie, Johan Svenson, Jannie Staffansson, Christophe Labriere, Hugo Denardou, Gunnar Cervin, Jørn H. Hansen, Henrik Pavia, Claire Hellio, Vijayaragavan Elumalai, Tiffany Le Norcy, Department of Chemistry [Tromsø], University of Tromsø (UiT), Department of Marine Sciences [Gothenburg], University of Gothenburg (GU), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines (LBCM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala], Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RISE Bioscience and Materials/Chemistry and Materials, and RISE Research Institutes of Sweden
Subjects: Biofouling, Pharmaceutical Science, panorama, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Indole Alkaloids, chemistry.chemical_compound, Marine bacteriophage, Ascomycota, Drug Discovery, Ic50 values, Animals, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, UBO, Pharmacology, Oxadiazoles, Natural product, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, ACL, Organic Chemistry, Thoracica, Combinatorial chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, Complementary and alternative medicine, Molecular Medicine, Chemical defense, Pharmacophore, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Stationary and slow-moving marine organisms regularly employ a natural product chemical defense to prevent being colonized by marine micro- and macroorganisms. While these natural antifoulants can be structurally diverse, they often display highly conserved chemistries and physicochemical properties, suggesting a natural marine antifouling pharmacophore. In our current report, we investigate the marine natural product phidianidine A, which displays several chemical properties found in highly potent marine antifoulants. Phidianidine A and synthetic analogues were screened against the settlement and metamorphosis of Amphibalanus improvisus cyprids, and several of the compounds displayed inhibitory activities at low micromolar concentrations with IC50 values down to 0.7 μg/mL observed. The settlement study highlights that phidianidine A is a potent natural antifoulant and that the scaffold can be tuned to generate simpler and improved synthetic analogues. The bioactivity is closely linked to the size of the compound and to its basicity. The study also illustrates that active analogues can be prepared in the absence of the natural constrained 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring. A synthetic lead analogue of phidianidine A was incorporated in a coating and included in antifouling field trials, where it was shown that the coating induced potent inhibition of marine bacteria and microalgae settlement.
Published: 2020
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11. Benefit-risk associated with the consumption of fish bycatch from tropical tuna fisheries

Author: Rona Arrisol, Antoine Bideau, Emmanuel Chassot, François Le Loc'h, Nathalie Bodin, Fany Sardenne, Marisa Antha, Jean-Marie Munaron, Anaïs Médieu, Fabienne Le Grand, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Seychelles Fishing Authority (SFA) (SFA), Université des Seychelles, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Pelagic fish, Hazard quotient, Western Indian ocean, selenium, Child, trace-elements, Fishes, health, General Medicine, Pollution, Eicosapentaenoic acid, methyl mercury, Docosahexaenoic acid, Child, Preschool, IRD, Adult, Fisheries, chemistry.chemical_element, Biology, Diversity of fish, long-chain, Risk Assessment, Animals, Humans, 14. Life underwater, UBO, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, ciguatera, Tuna, ACL, toxicity, Pelagic zone, food security, Mercury, Contaminant, essential fatty-acids, Mercury (element), Bycatch, Fishery, chemistry, Seafood, DISCOVERY, mercury concentrations, Sharks, Polyunsaturated fatty acids, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: WOS:000593966600014; International audience; Mercury, omega-3 (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA) and macronutrients (fat and proteins) were quantified on a wet weight (ww) basis in 20 species of fish taken as bycatch in tropical tuna fisheries. Based on a hazard quotient taking into account mercury and omega-3 contents, a benefit-risk assessment for the consumption of these pelagic species was conducted for three people categories: young children, children and adults. All fish bycatch were found to be an excellent source of proteins (min -max = 14.4-25.2 g/100 g fillet), had low omega-6/omega-3 ratios (\textless1, except for silky shark), and had mercury content below the safety limits defined by sanitary agencies. Silky shark and Istiophoridae had the highest mercury contents (min -max = 0.029-0.317 ppm ww). Omega-3 contents were the lowest in silky shark (0.2 0.2 mg/100 g fillet) and the highest in striped marlin (3.6 +/- 3.2 g/ 100 g fillet). Billfishes (Istiophoridae, including striped marlin), minor tunas (Scombridae), and Carangidae had the highest omega-3 contents (min -max = 0.68-7.28 g/100 g fillet). The highest hazard quotient values obtained for silky shark and great barracuda reflected a lower nutritional benefit (i.e., low omega-3 source) than risk (i.e., mercury exposure), making them not advisable for consumption. Eight species had low hazard quotients, and among them cottonmouth jack and flat needlefish were found of high health interest (high protein, moderate fat contents, and low omega-6/omega-3 ratio). A daily serving portion of 85-200 g (according to people category) can be recommended for these species. Batfish, and to a lower extent pompano dolphinfish and brassy chub, can also be consumed safely and would provide greater health benefits than risks. These results advocate for a better access of these species to local populations. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2020
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12. Zebrafish ftz-f1a (nuclear receptor 5a2) functions in skeletal muscle organization

Author: Sheela, Sundaram Gnanapackiam, Lee, Wen-Chih, Lin, Wen-wen, and Chung, Bon-chu
Subjects: *ZEBRA danio, *MUSCLE cells, *CELL differentiation, *BRACHYDANIO
Abstract: Abstract: Fushi-tarazu factor 1a (Ftz-F1a, Ff1a, Nr5a2) is a nuclear receptor with diverse functions in many tissues. Here, we report the function of ff1a in zebrafish muscle differentiation. In situ hybridization revealed that ff1a mRNA was present in the adaxial and migrating slow muscle precursors and was down-regulated when slow muscle cells matured. This expression was under the control of hedgehog genes, expanded when hedgehog was increased and missing in mutants defective in genes in the Hedgehog pathway like you-too (yot), sonic you (syu), and u-boot (ubo). Blocking ff1a activity by injecting a deleted form of ff1a or an antisense ff1a morpholino oligo into fish embryos caused thinner and disorganized fibers of both slow and fast properties. Transient expression of ff1a in syu, ubo, and yot embryos led to more fibril bundles, even when slow myoblasts were transfated into fast properties. We showed that ff1a and prox1 complemented each other in slow myofibril assembly, but they did not affect the expression of each other. These results demonstrate that ff1a functions in both slow and fast muscle morphogenesis in response to Hedgehog signaling, and this function parallels the activity of another slow muscle gene, prox1. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Published: 2005
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13. Short-term effects of increased CO2, nitrate and temperature on photosynthetic activity in Ulva rigida (Chlorophyta) estimated by different pulse amplitude modulated fluorometers and oxygen evolution

Author: Rafael M. Conde-Álvarez, Erik-J Malta, Solène Connan, Francisco Arenas, José Bonomi-Barufi, Maria H. Abreu, Dagmar B. Stengel, Udo Nitschke, Fungyi Chow, Paula S.M. Celis-Plá, Félix L. Figueroa, O. Meyerhoff, Daniel Robledo, María Teresa Mata, Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina = Federal University of Santa Catarina [Florianópolis] (UFSC), Universidad de Playa Ancha, Martin Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research [Matosinhos, Portugal] (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), I.F.A.P.A. Centro 'Agua del Pino', Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca, University of São Paulo (USP), Universidad de Antofagasta, and CIVESTAV-IPN
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Chlorophyll, Photoinhibition, Physiology, Analytical chemistry, Quantum yield, Plant Science, Chlorophyta, Photosynthetic efficiency, Photosynthesis, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, photosystem I and II, Acidification, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ulva, Nitrate, nitrate, UBO, Photosystem, Nitrates, biology, Chemistry, electron transport rates, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, ACL, Oxygen evolution, Temperature, temperature, Carbon Dioxide, biology.organism_classification, Oxygen, climate change, in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence, 13. Climate action, DISCOVERY, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, CHLOROPHYTA
Abstract: Short-term effects of pCO2 (700–380 ppm; High carbon (HC) and Low carbon (LC), respectively) and nitrate content (50–5 µM; High nitrogen (HN) and Low nitrogen (LN), respectively on photosynthesis were investigated in Ulva rigida (Chlorophyta) under solar radiation (in-situ) and in the laboratory under artificial light (ex-situ). After six days of incubation at ambient temperature (AT), algae were subjected to a 4 °C temperature increase (AT+4 °C) for 3 d. Both in-situ and ex-situ maximal electron transport rate (ETRmax) and in situ gross photosynthesis (GP), measured by O2 evolution, presented highest values under HCHN, and lowest under HCLN, across all measuring systems. Maximal quantum yield (Fv/Fm), and ETRmax of photosystem (PS) II [ETR(II)max] and PSI [ETR(I)max], decreased under HCLN at AT+4 °C. Ex situ ETR was higher than in situ ETR. At noon, Fv/Fm decreased (indicating photoinhibition), whereas ETR(II)max and maximal non-photochemical quenching (NPQmax) increased. ETR(II)max decreased under AT+ 4 °C in contrast to Fv/Fm, photosynthetic efficiency (α ETR) and saturated irradiance (EK). Thus, U. rigida exhibited a decrease in photosynthesis under acidification, changing LN, and AT+4 °C. These results emphasize the importance of studying the interaction between environmental parameters using in-situ versus ex-situ conditions, when aiming to evaluate the impact of global change on marine macroalgae.
Published: 2020
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14. Acoustic behaviour of male European lobsters (Homarus gammarus) during agonistic encounters

Author: Julien Bonnel, Laurent Chauvaud, Youenn Jézéquel, Jennifer Coston-Guarini, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Passive acoustics, Physiology, CNRS, Zoology, Aquatic Science, Biology, dominance, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Acoustic communication, Intraspecific competition, sound production, Homarus gammarus, BeBest, Agonistic behaviour, Buzzing sound, Carapace, Molecular Biology, UBO, Dominance, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, mechanisms, american lobster, communication, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, ACL, Tank, carapace vibrations, biology.organism_classification, sensitivity, urine, Accelerometer, Dominance (ethology), Sound attenuation, Algorithmic complexity, particle motion, Insect Science, DISCOVERY, Animal Science and Zoology, recognition, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Carapace vibration, Acoustic attenuation, High attenuation
Abstract: Previous studies have demonstrated that male European lobsters (Homarus gammarus) use chemical and visual signals as a means of intra-specific communication during agonistic encounters. In this study, we show that they also produce buzzing sounds during these encounters. This result was missed in earlier studies because low frequency buzzing sounds are highly attenuated in tanks, and are thus difficult to detect with hydrophones. To address this issue, we designed a behavioural tank experiment with hydrophones, and accelerometers placed on the lobsters to directly detect their carapace vibrations (i.e. the sources of the buzzing sounds). While we found that both dominant and submissive individuals produced carapace vibrations during every agonistic encounter, very few of the associated buzzing sounds (15 %) were recorded by the hydrophones. This difference is explained by their high attenuations in tanks. We then used the method of algorithmic complexity to analyze the carapace vibration sequences as call-and-response signals between dominant and submissive individuals. Even if some intriguing patterns appeared for closely size-matched pairs (< 5 mm carapace length difference), the results of the analysis did not permit to conclude that the processes underlying these sequences could be differentiated from random ones. Thus, such results prevented any conclusion about acoustic communication at this time. This concurs with both the high attenuation of the buzzing sounds during the experiments and the poor understanding of acoustic perception by lobsters. New approaches that circumvent tank acoustic issues are now required to validate the existence of acoustic communication in lobsters.
Published: 2020
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15. Effect of thermal and nutritional conditions on fatty acid metabolism and oxidative stress response in juvenile European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Author: Lauriane Madec, José-Luis Zambonino-Infante, Céline Audet, David Mazurais, Loïck Ducros, Denis Chabot, Clémence Gourtay, Guy Claireaux, Christine Huelvan, Institut des Sciences de la MER de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, enzyme-activities, panorama, Aquatic Science, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, lipid-peroxidation, cytochrome-c-oxidase, temperature adaptation, antioxidant defenses, medicine, 14. Life underwater, Food science, Sea bass, UBO, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, dietary fish-oil, chemistry.chemical_classification, Ecology, Fatty acid metabolism, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, ACL, Fatty acid, Lipid metabolism, Malondialdehyde, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, growth-performance, marine fish, climate-change, Dicentrarchus, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), oxygen-consumption, sense organs, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ifremer, Oxidative stress, Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Abstract: WOS:000569774900004; Coastal nursery areas are subjected to a wide range of natural and anthropogenic stressors, including global warming, which indirectly influence trophic food webs. A global rarefaction of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in trophic networks is in progress. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a reduction in the dietary availability of n-3 PUFA on some molecular and biochemical parameters related to lipid metabolism and oxidative stress response in juvenile European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) raised at two temperatures (15 degrees C and 20 degrees C). Fish were fed for five months with a reference diet (RD; 1.65% n-3 PUFA on a dry matter basis, DM), used as a proxy of trophic networks where n-3 PUFA is plentiful, and a lower n-3 PUFA diet (LD; 0.73% n-3 PUFA DM), designed to mimic a decrease in n-3 PUFA resulting from global changes (the n-3 PUFA levels tested remained above the nutritional minimum required for this species). Results showed that diet did not affect the hepatic expression of some mRNA coding for transcriptional factors involved in regulating the metabolic pathways related to fatty acid bioconversion. Although our molecular analysis was limited to transcript expression, these data suggest the presence of a threshold in the nutritional supply of PUFA above which the activation of these molecular pathways does not occur. However, the expression for most of the transcripts tested was up-regulated at 20 degrees C. Despite the high peroxidation index in fish fed RD, very few modifications of the oxidative stress response were associated with diet. At 20 degrees C, an increase of the enzymatic antioxidant response was observed, but there was no correlation with the peroxidation index or malondialdehyde products.
Published: 2020
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16. Strong constitutive expression divergence among strains but no evidence of differential expression associated with sexual reproduction in Alexandrium minutum

Author: Yasmine Even, Mickael Le Gac, Julie Seveno, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Pélagique (PELAGOS), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Dyneco, Laboratoire Pelagos, Dynamiques de l'Environnement Côtier (DYNECO), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mating type, Mating in fungi, Alexandrium minutum, panorama, Plant Science, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Biology, Cyanobacteria, 01 natural sciences, Homology (biology), chemistry.chemical_compound, Gene expression, medicine, Sexual reproduction, UBO, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Genetics, Saxitoxin, Mating, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Reproduction, ACL, Dinoflagellate, dinophyceae, sequence, biology.organism_classification, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Dinoflagellida, Gamete, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, protein, roles, life-cycles
Abstract: WOS:000599869000004; Sexual reproduction remains poorly characterized in dinoflagellates. This is especially the case at the molecular level. Here crossing experiments were performed among strains of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum belonging to two genetically divergent groups. Gene expression was compared between sexually compatible and incompatible crosses at the time of gamete fusion and resting cyst (similar to zygote) formation. Not a single transcript was identified as differentially expressed between compatible and incompatible crosses at these two crucial time points of the dinoflagellate life cycle. However, several thousands of transcripts displayed constitutive expression differences between strains. This was especially the case between the strains belonging to the genetically divergent groups. A few hundreds of transcripts were also identified as differentially expressed between strains belonging to opposite mating types. Some of these transcripts displayed homology with the SxtA protein, known to be involved in saxitoxin production in cyanobacteria, as well as with proteins potentially involved in mating in fungi.
Published: 2020
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17. Seasonal microbial food web dynamics in contrasting Southern Ocean productivity regimes

Author: Chistaki, Urania, Guenegues, Audrey, Liu, Yan, Blain, Stéphane, Catala, Philippe, Colombet, Jonathan, Debeljak, Pavla, Jardillier, Ludwig, Irion, Solène, Planchon, Frédéric, Sassenhagen, Ingrid, Sime-Ngando, Télesphore, Obernosterer, Ingrid, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement - Clermont Auvergne (LMGE), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE01-0013,MOBYDICK,Biodiversité des Ecosystèmes Marins et Dynamique du Carbone dans le secteur de Kerguelen : approche intégrée(2017), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Laboratoire Microorganismes : Génome et Environnement (LMGE), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), We thank B. Queguiner, the PI of the MOBYDICK project, for providing us the opportunity to participate to this cruise, the captain and crew of the R/V Marion Dufresne for their enthusiasm and support aboard during the MOBYDICK-THEMISTO cruise (https://doi.org/10.17600/18000403) and the chief scientist I. Obernosterer. This work was supported by the French oceanographic fleet ('Flotte oceanographique francaise'), the French ANR ('Agence Nationale de la Recherche', AAPG 2017 program, MOBYDICK Project number: ANR-17-CE01-0013), and the French Research program of INSU-CNRS LEFE/CYBER ('Les enveloppes fluides et l'environnement'-'Cycles biogeochimiques, environnement et ressources'). This work was also supported by ULCO (Universite du Littoral) and CPER MARCO (https://marco.univ-littoral.fr/).We thank three anonymous reviewers and the editors for their comments which helped to improve this work., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Ekologi, kerguelen area, Ecology, ACL, chibido, marine, phytoplankton bloom, Microbial food web, fluxes, natural iron fertilization, viral-infection, inverse relationship, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, carbon export, productivity regimes, export efficiency, community structure, crozet plateau, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Southern Ocean, UBO, ANR-17-CE01-0013, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography
Abstract: International audience; Spatial and seasonal dynamics of microbial loop fluxes were investigated in contrasting productivity regimes in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. Observations carried out in late summer (February-March 2018; project MOBYDICK) revealed higher microbial biomasses and fluxes in the naturally iron-fertilized surface waters of Kerguelen island in comparison to surrounding off-plateau waters. Differences were most pronounced for bacterial heterotrophic production (2.3-fold), the abundance of heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF; 2.7-fold). Independent of site, grazing by HNF was the main loss process of bacterial production (80-100%), while virus-induced mortality was low (\textless 9%). Combining these results with observations from previous investigations during early spring and summer allowed us to describe seasonal patterns in microbial food web fluxes and to compare these to carbon export in the iron-fertilized and high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (HNLC) Southern Ocean. Our data suggest an overall less efficient microbial food web during spring and summer, when respiration and viral lysis, respectively, represent important loss terms of bacterially-mediated carbon. In late summer, primary production is more efficiently transferred to bacterial biomass and HNF and thus available for higher trophic levels. These results provide a new insight into the seasonal variability and the quantitative importance of microbial food web processes for the fate of primary production in the Southern Ocean.
Published: 2020
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18. From legacy pollutants to emerging contaminants: recent inputs from the 2018 conference of EcoBIM network

Author: Jérôme Cachot, Michel Auffret, Richard Saint-Louis, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)
Subjects: Pollutant, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, ACL, panorama, General Medicine, Contamination, Congresses as Topic, Ecotoxicology, Pollution, Environmental protection, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, UBO, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Published: 2020
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19. Nanoplastics exposure modulate lipid and pigment compositions in diatoms

Author: Ika Paul-Pont, Arnaud Huvet, Fabienne Le Grand, Philippe Soudant, Carmen González-Fernández, Antoine Bideau, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Murcia, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: Pigments, Aquatic Organisms, microplastics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, CNRS, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Membrane lipids, panorama, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Thylakoids, phaeodactylum-tricornutum, Pigment, Algae, membrane, UBO, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, particles, Diatoms, biology, Chemistry, ACL, microalgae, polystyrene nanoparticles, Lipid composition, marine, toxicity, Galactolipids, plastic nanoparticles, General Medicine, fatty-acids, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Lipids, Diatom, Biochemistry, 13. Climate action, Photoprotection, visual_art, Thylakoid, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Polystyrenes, Composition (visual arts), Nanoplastics, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ifremer
Abstract: WOS:000533524300107; The impact of nanoplastics (NP) using model polystyrene nanoparticles amine functionalized (PS-NH2) has been investigated on pigment and lipid compositions of the marine diatom Chaetoceros neogracile, at two growth phases using a low (0.05 mu g mL(-1)) and a high (5 mu g mL(-1)) concentrations for 96 h. Results evidenced an impact on pigment composition associated to the light-harvesting function and photo-protection mainly at exponential phase. NP also impacted lipid composition of diatoms with a readjustment of lipid classes and fatty acids noteworthy. Main changes upon NP exposure were observed in galactolipids and triacylglycerol's at both growth phases affecting the thylakoids membrane structure and cellular energy reserve of diatoms. Particularly, exponential cultures exposed to high NP concentration showed an impairment of long chain fatty acids synthesis. Changes in pigment and lipid content of diatom' cells revealed that algae physiology is determinant in the way cells adjust their thylakoid membrane composition to cope with NP contamination stress. Compositions of reserve and membrane lipids are proposed as sensitive markers to assess the impact of NP exposure, including at potential predicted environmental doses, on marine organisms. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2019
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20. Tide Prediction Machines, Prosopography and Digital Humanities: what are they and how do they fit together?

Author: Rawsthorne, Helen Mair, Centre François Viète - Brest (CFV UBO), Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IBSHS), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre François Viète : épistémologie, histoire des sciences et des techniques - EA1161 (CFV), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), DARIAH, Centre François Viète : épistémologie, histoire des sciences et des techniques - EA1161 (CFV), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IBSHS), and Université de Brest (UBO)
Subjects: tide prediction machines, time.graphics, prosopography, dh tools, centre françois viète, dariah, cfv, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, université de bretagne occidentale, digital humanities tools, 14. Life underwater, digital humanities, ubo, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, palladio
Abstract: Tide prediction machines, prosopography and digital humanities are the three main axes upon which my Master’s degree research project is constructed. This poster explains what these three most important components of my project are and how they link together, with a focus on the digital humanities tools used. I was awarded a travel scholarship to present this poster at the DARIAH Annual Event 2019 in Warsaw on 16 May 2019 as I won DARIAH's Digital Humanities tools and methods blog competition 2019.
Published: 2019
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21. A New Wave of Prosopography: an Application to Tide Prediction Machines

Author: Rawsthorne, Helen Mair, Centre François Viète - Brest (CFV UBO), Centre François Viète : épistémologie, histoire des sciences et des techniques - EA1161 (CFV), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IBSHS), Université de Brest (UBO), Institut Brestois des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IBSHS), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre François Viète : épistémologie, histoire des sciences et des techniques - EA1161 (CFV), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)
Subjects: université de bretagne occidentale, prosopography, speed lecture, analogue computers, 14. Life underwater, tide prediction machine, centre françois viète, tidal prediction, ubo, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, cfv
Abstract: MyMaster’s degree research project concerns the history and developmentof analogue tide prediction machines. In this speed lecture presentation I explain how I am using a novel approach to prosopography to study the lives of tide prediction machines. I gave this 5-minute speed lecture atthe International Postgraduate Port and Maritime Studies Network Conference2019 at the University of Dundee on 25April2019. Abstract:Tide Prediction Machines (TPMs) are analogue computers that were used to predict the times of high and low tides worldwide from the end of the 1800s up to the digital age. The first TPM was designed by William Thomson and built in London in 1873. It was developed as a response to increasing pressure from commercial shipping lines towards the middle of the 19th century who wanted a greater number of more accurate tidal predictions more quickly than could be calculated by hand. As well as helping shipping lines and navies to safely navigate the seas and the shores, TPMs became crucial to the building of ports and effective flood defences. Most of the 33 TPMs ever built were constructed in the UK but were then shipped to other countries who wanted to do their own calculations. In this research, prosopography is used to analyse the life cycle of TPMs, from the motivation for producing them to their decommissioning and their status today. Prosopography is a research approach usually used by historians to study the lives of groups of people; only recently has the idea of conducting prosopographical studies of collections of related objects begun to be explored. This is a concept that is developed and utilised in this research. The aim is to find and analyse the common features in the lives of TPMs, which will give an appreciation of their importance, the extent of their use and usefulness, and an impression of the shape of their lives.
Published: 2019
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22. Sources, quality and transfers of organic matter in a highly-stratified sub-Arctic coastal system (Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon, NW Atlantic)

Author: Tarik Meziane, Sebastien Donnet, Laurent Chauvaud, Jacques Grall, Guillaume Bridier, Pascal Lazure, Frédéric Olivier, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Station de Biologie Marine de Concarneau, Direction générale déléguée à la Recherche, à l’Expertise, à la Valorisation et à l’Enseignement-Formation (DGD.REVE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Subarctic ecosystems, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, CNRS, Stratification (water), Seasonal stratification, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, temporal variation, continental-shelf, BeBest, Phytoplankton, Sedimentary organic matter, fatty-acid-composition, Organic matter, Marine ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Fatty acids, UBO, Newfoundland shelf, Stable isotopes, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Total suspended solids, chemistry.chemical_classification, trophic markers, ACL, zooplankton fecal pellets, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Pelagic-benthic coupling, Geology, stable-isotopes, Spring bloom, Saint-Pierre et Miquelon archipelago, spring bloom, sand dollar, Oceanography, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, DISCOVERY, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, cell-size, settling matter
Abstract: WOS:000604182000002; In response to ongoing global climate change, marine ecosystems in the northwest Atlantic are experiencing one of the most drastic increases in sea surface temperatures in the world. This warming can increase water column stratification and decrease surface nutrient concentrations, in turn impacting primary productivity and phytoplankton assemblages. However, the exact impacts of these changes on sources and quality of organic matter as well as its transfers to the benthic compartment remain uncertain. This survey characterized organic matter sources and quality within a highly-stratified sub-Arctic coastal system (Saint-Pierre and Miquelon) and described its transfer towards a biomass-dominant primary consumer, the sand dollar Echinarachnius parma. This study analyzed fatty acid and stable isotope (delta C-13 and delta N-15) composition of surface and bottom Particulate Organic Matter (s-POM and b-POM, respectively), Sedimentary Organic Matter (SOM) and sand dollar tissue along a near shore to offshore gradient during two contrasting seasons associated either with sharp or weak water column stratification (i.e. High vs Low Stratification Periods). Results revealed high relative abundances of polyunsaturated fatty acids (notably macro- and microalgae markers) in POM during the Low Stratification Period while the High Stratification Period was characterized by elevated relative abundance of saturated fatty acids indicating a higher organic matter degradation state. In addition, strong seasonal differences were also observed in food availability with four-fold higher concentrations in total suspended solids during Low vs High Stratification Periods. These results suggested thus multiple negative effects of stratification on pelagic-benthic coupling and POM quality. Lower nutrient repletion of surface waters during period of sharp stratification diminishes pelagic-benthic coupling by reducing food availability, POM quality and vertical transfer of organic matter. By contrast, the sediment-based diet of E. parma showed a low spatiotemporal variability reflecting the homogenous composition of the SOM. This study suggests that intensified water column stratification due to increasing sea surface temperatures may modify the pelagic-benthic coupling and future quality and composition of POM pools.
Published: 2021
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23. Stable mercury concentrations of tropical tuna in the south western Pacific ocean: An 18-year monitoring study

Author: Olivier Gauthier, Aurore Receveur, Christopher J. Somes, Christophe E. Menkès, Anaïs Médieu, David Point, David P. Gillikin, Jeremy Collin, Valerie Allain, Anne Lorrain, Heidi Pethybridge, Andrew T. Revill, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Pacific community (SPC), CSIRO Marine and Atmosphere Research [Hobart], Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Ecologie marine tropicale des océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Ifremer - Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC), Union College, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Funding was provided by the Pacific Fund VACOPA project and ANR-17-CE34-0010 MERTOX from the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche. The U.S. National Science Foundation funded Union College’s isotope ratio mass spectrometer and peripherals (NSF-MRI #1229258)., ANR-17-CE34-0010,MERTOX,Découvrir l'origine de la toxine methylmercure dans les écosystèmes marins(2017), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Ifremer - Nouvelle-Calédonie, and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)
Subjects: Skipjack tuna, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Biomagnification, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Bigeye tuna, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Yellowfin tuna, chemistry.chemical_compound, subtropical gyre, SUD, Methylmercury, Trophic level, fixation, biology, New Caledonia-Fiji region, General Medicine, Pollution, nitrogen deposition, bioaccumulation, in-situ, Environmental chemistry, IRD, Environmental Monitoring, Food Chain, Environmental Engineering, Oceans and Seas, Stable isotope data, trophic position, thunnus-albacares, Phytoplankton, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, UBO, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Pacific Ocean, Tuna, ACL, yellowfin tuna, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, atmospheric mercury, risk-assessment, Mercury, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, 020801 environmental engineering, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Water Pollutants, Chemical
Abstract: WOS:000595802200153; International audience; Global anthropogenic mercury (Hg) emissions to the atmosphere since industrialization are widely considered to be responsible for a significant increase in surface ocean Hg concentrations. Still unclear is how those inputs are converted into toxic methylmercury (MeHg) then transferred and biomagnified in oceanic food webs. We used a unique long-term and continuous dataset to explore the temporal Hg trend and variability of three tropical tuna species (yellowfin, bigeye, and skipjack) from the southwestern Pacific Ocean between 2001 and 2018 (n - 590). Temporal trends of muscle nitrogen (delta N-15) and carbon (delta C-13) stable isotope ratios, amino acid (AA) delta N-15 values and oceanographic variables were also investigated to examine the potential influence of trophic, biogeochemical and physical processes on the temporal variability of tuna Hg concentrations. For the three species, we detected significant inter-annual variability but no significant long-term trend for Hg concentrations. Inter-annual variability was related to the variability in tuna sampled lengths among years and to tuna muscle delta N-15 and delta C-13 values. Complementary AA- and model-estimated phytoplankton delta N-15 values suggested the influence of baseline processes with enhanced tuna Hg concentrations observed when dinitrogen fixers prevail, possibly fuelling baseline Hg methylation and/or MeHg bioavailability at the base of the food web. Our results show that MeHg trends in top predators do not necessary capture the increasing Hg concentrations in surface waters suspected at the global oceanic scale due to the complex and variable processes governing Hg deposition, methylation, bioavailability and biomagnification. This illustrates the need for long-term standardized monitoring programs of marine biota worldwide. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2021
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24. Determination of rare earth elements in gadolinium-based contrast agents by ICP-MS

Author: Douraied Ben Salem, Jean-Alix Barrat, CCSD, Accord Elsevier, Laboratoires d'excellence - LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean - - LabexMER2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0019 - LABX - OLD, Laboratoire de Traitement de l'Information Medicale (LaTIM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-10-LABX-0019,LabexMER,LabexMER Marine Excellence Research: a changing ocean(2010), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: chibido, Gadolinium, Rare earth, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, BeBest, ICP-MS, samples, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), UBO, Rare earth elements, Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, Trace elements, ACL, 010401 analytical chemistry, Trace element, icp-ms, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, Gadolinium based contrast agent (GBCA), [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, chemistry, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 0210 nano-technology, ANR-10-LABX-19
Abstract: WOS:000579910600080; International audience; A simple ICP-MS procedure for the determination of trace element concentrations in GBCAs is described here. Abundances of most of the REEs, Y, Ba and Pb concentrations were determined. We confirm that GBCAs contain traces of non-Gd REEs, Y, Ba and Pb. REE patterns of the five GBCAs actually administered in France have been obtained. They display specific shapes that make it possible to identify the different Gd oxides oxides used by pharmaceutical laboratories to produce them. Our method enables us to quickly evaluate the quantities of impurities in these products and, if necessary, to follow the evolution of their quality in the future. The presence of small but not negligible quantities of Y and REEs other than Gd cannot be ignored in these products, and their behaviour in the human body must be considered. The concentrations measured for Pb and Ba, on the other hand, are much lower and do not pose any particular problems.
Published: 2021
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25. Impact of fishing gears and fishing intensities on maerl beds: An experimental approach

Author: Julien Dubreuil, Benjamin Guyonnet, Jacques Grall, Adeline Tauran, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Inconnu, TBM environnement, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: ecosystem, 0106 biological sciences, ACL, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Fishing, Aquatic Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Fishery, shelf, bay, DISCOVERY, habitats, 14. Life underwater, Maerl, community structure, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, rhodoliths, UBO, trawl disturbance, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: WOS:000588286500005
Published: 2020
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26. Le caractère territorial des attractions touristiques liées aux pêches maritimes : une illustration par le modèle du panier de biens

Author: Pascal Le Floc'H, Frédérique Alban, Chloé Pocheau, Raphaela Legouvello, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Julien, Séverine, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDE] Environmental Sciences, basket of goods, économie, 05 social sciences, attractiveness, territory, General Medicine, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, fishery, Political science, 0502 economics and business, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, tourism, 050211 marketing, 14. Life underwater, 050207 economics, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, ubo, Humanities
Abstract: The question addressed in this article focuses on the conditions for strengthening the territorial character of tourist attractions around a fishing port with a strong identity. In the face of the depletion of resources, the territories dependent on the exploitation of living marine resources try reconversions during the 1990s, especially towards tourism. The article is based on the fishing port of Guilvinec on which has been created an exhibition center for a large audience. The survey methodology is mobilized to delimit the territory on which the fishing activities and the exhibition center are attractive. An estimate of the expenses incurred by visitors is proposed. The tourist’s consumption of the exhibition center and fisheries is in line with the basket of goods model., La question abordée dans cet article porte sur le caractère territorial des attractions touristiques autour d’un port de pêche à forte identité. Face à l’épuisement des ressources, les territoires dépendants de l’exploitation des ressources marines vivantes tentent au cours des années 1990 des diversifications d’activité, notamment vers le tourisme. L’article retient le cas d’étude du port de pêche du Guilvinec sur lequel est implanté depuis 2000 un centre de découverte destiné à attirer une clientèle touristique. La méthodologie d’enquête est mobilisée pour délimiter le territoire sur lequel s’exerce une attractivité des activités de pêche et du centre de découverte. Une estimation des dépenses engagées par les visiteurs sur ce même territoire est proposée. Le modèle du panier de biens est adapté dans l’étude du comportement de la clientèle touristique. En effet, le centre de découverte offre une combinaison de biens au choix des visiteurs, avec un fort ancrage territorial.
Published: 2019

27. Evaluation of the basal ganglia in neurofibromatosis type 1

Author: Saadi Sollaku, Fiorenza Ulgiati, Martino Ruggieri, Vincenzo Salpietro, Fabiana Ursitti, Enrico Properzi, Stefano Cecchini, Francesco Nicita, Laura Papetti, Claudio Di Biasi, Angelo Pittalis, Marzia Duse, Anna Maria Zicari, Alberto Spalice, and Gian Franco Gualdi
Subjects: Adult, Male, spectroscopy, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Neurofibromatosis 1, Adolescent, Creatine, Multimodal Imaging, Basal Ganglia, Young Adult, chemistry.chemical_compound, Myelin, dti, mental disorders, Basal ganglia, Fractional anisotropy, Humans, Choline, Medicine, Effective diffusion coefficient, Neurofibromatosis, Child, mri, mrs, business.industry, ubo, nf1, General Medicine, medicine.disease, nervous system diseases, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, medicine.anatomical_structure, nervous system, chemistry, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, DTI, MRI, MRS, NF1, Spectroscopy, UBO, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, Nuclear medicine, Diffusion MRI
Abstract: Alterations of the brain microstructure and metabolism have been identified in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). In this study, we analyzed the basal ganglia of NF1 subjects without cognitive delay throughout a combined approach with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in order to better define the metabolic and microstructural characteristics of these regions and, furthermore, to verify if metabolic and microstructural abnormalities may be present in normally developed NF1 patients. A 3-T MRI with multivoxel MRS and DTI was performed in 14 NF1 patients and eight controls. N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr) values and ratios, fractional anisotropy, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were calculated, for a total of four regions of interest (ROI) for each hemisphere. NF1 patients, compared to healthy controls, showed (a) decreased NAA in all the four ROI, (b) increased Cho and decreased Cr in three of the four ROI, (c) decreased NAA/Cho ratio in three ROI, and (d) increased ADC in all the four ROI. A trend of increased ADC was present in three of the four ROI of NF1 patients with unidentified bright objects (UBOs) and younger than 18 years. These data confirm the presence of neuroaxonal damage with myelin disturbances in NF1 patients. We showed that metabolic and microstructural anomalies can be present in the same time in NF1 patients without developmental delay or cognitive deficits. Relations between brain anomalies, UBOs, and cognitive functions need further studies.
Published: 2013
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28. Parallel evolution of local adaptation and reproductive isolation in the face of gene flow

Author: Butlin, RK, Saura, M, Charrier, G, Jackson, B, André, C, Caballero, A, Coyne, JA, Galindo, J, Grahame, JW, Hollander, J, Kemppainen, P, Martínez-Fernández, M, Panova, M, Quesada, H, Johannesson, K, Rolán-Alvarez, E, University of Gothenburg (GU), Department of Animal and Plant Sciences [Sheffield], University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Universidade de Vigo, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Ecology and Evolution [Chicago], University of Chicago, University of Leeds, Lund University [Lund], Faculty of Life Sciences [Manchester], University of Manchester [Manchester], University of California [Irvine] (UCI), and University of California
Subjects: E1, parallel evolution, speciation, ACL, WOS, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, UBO, local adaptation, Gene flow
Abstract: Parallel evolution of similar phenotypes provides strong evidence for the operation of natural selection. Where these phenotypes contribute to reproductive isolation, they further support a role for divergent, habitat-associated selection in speciation. However, the observation of pairs of divergent ecotypes currently occupying contrasting habitats in distinct geographical regions is not sufficient to infer parallel origins. Here we show striking parallel phenotypic divergence between populations of the rocky-shore gastropod, Littorina saxatilis, occupying contrasting habitats exposed to either wave action or crab predation. This divergence is associated with barriers to gene exchange but, nevertheless, genetic variation is more strongly structured by geography than by ecotype. Using approximate Bayesian analysis of sequence data and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers, we show that the ecotypes are likely to have arisen in the face of continuous gene flow and that the demographic separation of ecotypes has occurred in parallel at both regional and local scales. Parameter estimates suggest a long delay between colonization of a locality and ecotype formation, perhaps because the postglacial spread of crab populations was slower than the spread of snails. Adaptive differentiation may not be fully genetically independent despite being demographically parallel. These results provide new insight into a major model of ecologically driven speciation. © 2013 The Authors. Evolution published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Published: 2014
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29. Extending a drift-flux model for more realistic prediction of transient flow in UBO

Author: Aarskog, Marius
Subjects: Physics::Fluid Dynamics, boreteknologi, dynamic BHP, petroleumsteknologi, two‐phase flow modeling, flow modeling, Technology: 500::Rock and petroleum disciplines: 510::Petroleum engineering: 512 [VDP], UBD, UBO, drift-flux, bubble flow
Abstract: Master thesis in Petroleum engineering The transient behavior of the bottomhole pressure during underbalanced drilling operations has been investigated. Focus has been on jointed pipe drilling with gas injection through the drill string. A description is made of a two‐phase drift‐flux model. The model has previously been developed in Matlab and is modeled to simulate the dynamic bottomhole pressure, during transient conditions in underbalanced operations. The original model only recognizes the slug flow regime and its corresponding slip parameters are implemented through the general slip law [29]. Extension has been made to the original model by including a model that distinguishes between bubble flow and slug flow, based on a simplified version of the suggestions made by Caetano [22]. Values for the slip parameters were chosen depending on existing flow pattern. For the transition zone, interpolation technique was used. The velocity profile coefficient for bubble flow was suggested to be 1.0 by Caetano, however, as this made oscillations in the simulation results a value of 1.1 was adapted, as proposed by Lage and Time [34]. Simulation runs of two‐phase flow in a vertical well were performed using the original model, the bubble slip parameters and the flow pattern dependent model. The results of the bubble flow model was compared to the original model, showing that after the unloading sequence, the bottomhole pressure was found to be 18.3 % lower than for the original model. The unloading sequence was also found to last 47 % longer for the bubble flow model. The results gained from the flow pattern dependent model concluded that the slug flow region is the main flow regime during the simulation. However, until break through of gas during the unloading sequence, the bubble flow regime was found to be the primary flow pattern.
Published: 2012

30. Gli UBOs sono sempre asintomatici?

Author: Zonno, G, Molinaro, Anna, Pinelli, L, Micheli, R, Fazzi, E., SINPIA Società Italiana di Neuropsichiatria dell'Infanzia e dell'Adolescenza, Zonno, G, Molinaro, Anna, Pinelli, L, Micheli, R, and Fazzi, E.
Subjects: neurofibromatosi tipo 1, UBOs, RM encefalo, UBO
Published: 2011

31. The Ubo marble, Okene local government area, Kwara State.

Author: Arcelloni G. and Arcelloni G.
Abstract: The mineral composition is essentially calcite with dolomite and minor occurrences of apatite, plagioclase, mica and graphite. The maximum proven reserves are 14 601 360 tonnes and the inferred are 21 653 090 tonnes. The physical and chemical properties render the marble suitable for decorative purposes, cement manufacture and for use as a fluxing material in steel manufacture., The mineral composition is essentially calcite with dolomite and minor occurrences of apatite, plagioclase, mica and graphite. The maximum proven reserves are 14 601 360 tonnes and the inferred are 21 653 090 tonnes. The physical and chemical properties render the marble suitable for decorative purposes, cement manufacture and for use as a fluxing material in steel manufacture.

32. Tide Prediction Machines, Prosopography and Digital Humanities: what are they and how do they fit together?

Author: Rawsthorne, Helen Mair
Subjects: tide prediction machines, université de bretagne occidentale, time.graphics, prosopography, digital humanities tools, dh tools, 14. Life underwater, centre françois viète, digital humanities, dariah, ubo, cfv, palladio
Abstract: Tide prediction machines, prosopography and digital humanities are the three main axes upon which my Master’s degree research project is constructed. This poster explains what these three most important components of my project are and how they link together, with a focus on the digital humanities tools used. I was awarded a travel scholarship to present this poster at the DARIAH Annual Event 2019 in Warsaw on 16 May 2019 as I won DARIAH's Digital Humanities tools and methods blog competition 2019., {"references":["Cartwright, David. Tides. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.","K. Verboven, M. Carlier & J. Dumolyn. A short manual to the art of prosopography, in: K. Keats-Rohan (ed.), Prosopography Approaches and Applications. A Handbook. Oxford: Unit for Prosopographical Research (Linacre College), 2007, p. 35-69.","Woodworth, Philip. An inventory of tide prediction machines. Southampton: National Oceanography Centre, 2016."]}

33. The Development of Tide Prediction Machines

Author: Rawsthorne, Helen Mair
Subjects: université de bretagne occidentale, prosopography, analogue computers, 14. Life underwater, tide prediction machine, centre françois viète, tidal prediction, ubo, cfv
Abstract: MyMaster’s degree research project concerns the history and developmentof analogue tide prediction machines. In this presentation I explain how the development of tidal theory and in particular the development of tide prediction machines have been shaped by the sea, as well as the novel approach to prosopography I am applying as the methodology and how I'm using digital humanities tools to do so. I gave this 20-minute presentation at the Shaped by the Sea workshop at the University of Manchester on 27June 2019. Abstract:Tide Prediction Machines (TPMs) are analogue computers that were used to predict the times of high and low tides worldwide from the end of the 1800s up to the digital age. The first TPM was designed by William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) and built in London in 1873. It was developed as a response to increasing pressure from commercial shipping lines towards the middle of the 19th century who wanted a greater number of more accurate tidal predictions more quickly than could be calculated by hand. As well as helping shipping lines and navies to safely navigate the seas and the shores, TPMs became crucial to the building of ports and effective flood defences. Most of the 33 TPMs ever built were constructed in the UK but were then shipped to other countries who wanted to do their own calculations. Oceanographers Joseph Proudman and Arthur Doodson of Liverpool Observatory and Tidal Institute contributed significantly to the development of tidal analysis and to the evolution of TPMs. They and the institution thus gained a worldwide reputation for tidal research and prediction. TPMs were always operated on land, in some cases over 1000 km from the nearest sea or ocean. Prosopography is a research approach usually used by historians to study the lives of groups of people. Given the analogies with human groups, the research hypothesis is that it is possible to apply prosopographic methods to analyse the life cycle of TPMs, from the motivation for producing them to their status after decommissioning and replacement by newer technology. The aim is to find and analyse the common features in the lives of TPMs, which will give an appreciation of their importance, the extent of their use and usefulness, and an impression of the shape of their lives.

34. A New Wave of Prosopography: an Application to Tide Prediction Machines

Author: Rawsthorne, Helen Mair
Subjects: université de bretagne occidentale, prosopography, speed lecture, analogue computers, 14. Life underwater, tide prediction machine, centre françois viète, tidal prediction, ubo, cfv
Abstract: My Master’s degree research project concerns the history and development of analogue tide prediction machines. In this speed lecture presentation I explain how I am using a novel approach to prosopography to study the lives of tide prediction machines. I gave this 5-minute speed lecture at the International Postgraduate Port and Maritime Studies Network Conference 2019 at the University of Dundee on 25 April 2019. Abstract: Tide Prediction Machines (TPMs) are analogue computers that were used to predict the times of high and low tides worldwide from the end of the 1800s up to the digital age. The first TPM was designed by William Thomson and built in London in 1873. It was developed as a response to increasing pressure from commercial shipping lines towards the middle of the 19th century who wanted a greater number of more accurate tidal predictions more quickly than could be calculated by hand. As well as helping shipping lines and navies to safely navigate the seas and the shores, TPMs became crucial to the building of ports and effective flood defences. Most of the 33 TPMs ever built were constructed in the UK but were then shipped to other countries who wanted to do their own calculations. In this research, prosopography is used to analyse the life cycle of TPMs, from the motivation for producing them to their decommissioning and their status today. Prosopography is a research approach usually used by historians to study the lives of groups of people; only recently has the idea of conducting prosopographical studies of collections of related objects begun to be explored. This is a concept that is developed and utilised in this research. The aim is to find and analyse the common features in the lives of TPMs, which will give an appreciation of their importance, the extent of their use and usefulness, and an impression of the shape of their lives., {"references":["Cartwright, David. Tides. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.","K. Verboven, M. Carlier & J. Dumolyn. A short manual to the art of prosopography, in: K. Keats-Rohan (ed.), Prosopography Approaches and Applications. A Handbook. Oxford: Unit for Prosopographical Research (Linacre College), 2007, p. 35-69.","Woodworth, Philip. An inventory of tide prediction machines. Southampton: National Oceanography Centre, 2016."]}

35. The Development of Tide Prediction Machines

Author: Rawsthorne, Helen Mair
Subjects: université de bretagne occidentale, prosopography, analogue computers, 14. Life underwater, tide prediction machine, centre françois viète, tidal prediction, ubo, cfv
Abstract: My Master’s degree research project concerns the history and development of analogue tide prediction machines. In this presentation I explain how the development of tidal theory and in particular the development of tide prediction machines have been shaped by the sea, as well as the novel approach to prosopography I am applying as the methodology and how I'm using digital humanities tools to do so. I gave this 20-minute presentation at the Shaped by the Sea workshop at the University of Manchester on 27 June 2019. Abstract: Tide Prediction Machines (TPMs) are analogue computers that were used to predict the times of high and low tides worldwide from the end of the 1800s up to the digital age. The first TPM was designed by William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) and built in London in 1873. It was developed as a response to increasing pressure from commercial shipping lines towards the middle of the 19th century who wanted a greater number of more accurate tidal predictions more quickly than could be calculated by hand. As well as helping shipping lines and navies to safely navigate the seas and the shores, TPMs became crucial to the building of ports and effective flood defences. Most of the 33 TPMs ever built were constructed in the UK but were then shipped to other countries who wanted to do their own calculations. Oceanographers Joseph Proudman and Arthur Doodson of Liverpool Observatory and Tidal Institute contributed significantly to the development of tidal analysis and to the evolution of TPMs. They and the institution thus gained a worldwide reputation for tidal research and prediction. TPMs were always operated on land, in some cases over 1000 km from the nearest sea or ocean. Prosopography is a research approach usually used by historians to study the lives of groups of people. Given the analogies with human groups, the research hypothesis is that it is possible to apply prosopographic methods to analyse the life cycle of TPMs, from the motivation for producing them to their status after decommissioning and replacement by newer technology. The aim is to find and analyse the common features in the lives of TPMs, which will give an appreciation of their importance, the extent of their use and usefulness, and an impression of the shape of their lives., {"references":["Cartwright, David. Tides. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.","K. Verboven, M. Carlier & J. Dumolyn. A short manual to the art of prosopography, in: K. Keats-Rohan (ed.), Prosopography Approaches and Applications. A Handbook. Oxford: Unit for Prosopographical Research (Linacre College), 2007, p. 35-69.","Woodworth, Philip. An inventory of tide prediction machines. Southampton: National Oceanography Centre, 2016."]}

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1. BENEFICIAL OWNER CENTRAL REGISTRY AS A TOOL TO FIGHT MONEY LAUNDERING AND TERRORIST FINANCING.

2. Investigation of the Geochemical Composition and Paleo-Depositional Environment of Ubo and Ikpeshi Marble Deposit, Southwestern Nigeria: A Comparative Study.

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20. Tide Prediction Machines, Prosopography and Digital Humanities: what are they and how do they fit together?

21. A New Wave of Prosopography: an Application to Tide Prediction Machines

22. Sources, quality and transfers of organic matter in a highly-stratified sub-Arctic coastal system (Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon, NW Atlantic)

23. Stable mercury concentrations of tropical tuna in the south western Pacific ocean: An 18-year monitoring study

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25. Impact of fishing gears and fishing intensities on maerl beds: An experimental approach

26. Le caractère territorial des attractions touristiques liées aux pêches maritimes : une illustration par le modèle du panier de biens

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32. Tide Prediction Machines, Prosopography and Digital Humanities: what are they and how do they fit together?

33. The Development of Tide Prediction Machines

34. A New Wave of Prosopography: an Application to Tide Prediction Machines

35. The Development of Tide Prediction Machines

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