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1. CROATIAN FISHERY – HARMONIZATION OF REGULATIONS AND HOW TO ACCESS EU?

Author: V. Par, M. Lovrinov, and M. Njavro
Subjects: legal regulations, Common Market Organisation, Common Fishery Policy, Croatian fishery, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract: Problems in Croatian fishery that impacts on low competitiveness were well known even before harmonization process start. EU accession process put even addition emphasis on the mentioned problem. In fact, increasing competitiveness from equal situation for market participants is one of the basic functions of the EU regulation harmonization in the accession process. It is highly integrated market environment and extremely demanding due to high level of European market norms. Legal basis of the process, and at the same time criteria for Croatian legalization assessment, have been determined during screening phase - chapter 13 - fishery. Beside harmonization, changes are necessary in physical characteristics and spatial relationships, primary assuring area for fish discharge on the part of the front. It increases fishermen security, manipulation with a fish is easier, risk of contamination is low, control and compliances with the fish trade standards according to the EU standards and regulations are enabled. The paper aims to analyze national documents and acquis in fish trade (Common Market Organisation; Common Fishery Policy) and determine needs for harmonization between Croatian and EU laws and introduction of the CMO measures. The paper indicates necessary activities in harmonization of regulations and proposed institutional and administrative changes. Due to absence of regulation, changes in Croatian fishery sector will not be conducted properly and consequently it won’t have equal chances on the EU market. Therefore this subject needs to be included in governmental priorities with the objective to assure legal basis for adequate infrastructure and suprastructure. The results presented are a part of the research conducted during authors’ work on the Fishery infrastructure in accordance with EU acquis feasibility study.
Published: 2007

2. LIVESTOCK INSURANCE AS A RISK MANAGEMENT TOOL ON DAIRY FARMS

Author: M. Njavro, V. Par, and Draženka Pleško
Subjects: livestock insurance, risk management, decision analysis, dairy farm, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract: Faced with fast changing environment, livestock epidemics and EU accession, risk management is of utmost importance for Croatian farmers. Insurance is risk management strategy which enables risk transfer from farmer to insurance company. It has a positive effect on income stabilization and consequently could lead to higher level of specialization, credit access and competitiveness. Nevertheless, livestock insurance is relatively unimportant on dairy farms. Reasons are twofold. Uncompleted requirements for risk to be insurable, adverse selection and moral hazard problems reflect on untoward premium rates. Demand for insurance, on the other hand, depends on the farm structure, access to other risk management instruments as well as dairy farmer’s management capacities. The objective of the paper is to analyze risk management on dairy farms with focus on livestock insurance. Survey on 20 farmers in the Northwest Croatia has been made. Farmers’ risk perceptions, application and evaluation of risk management strategies were collected. Governmental insurance premium subsidy was also analyzed. Survey data were analysed by descriptive statistics while decision analysis toward livestock insurance with stohastic decision tree. European Union experiences with livestock insurance presented stand in creating suggestions for possible setting out of current constraints of livestock insurance in Croatia.
Published: 2007

3. Use of putative hepatoprotective agents as an adjunct to anti-TB treatment in Europe

Author: O. Kirakosyan, M. Reimann, A.B. Andersen, A. Bjarnason, Á. Bakos, A.M. Dyrhol-Riise, A.M. McLaughlin, C. Nita, D. Pieridou, D. Chesov, E.V. Davidavičienė, G. Günther, H. Atshemyan, I. Muylle, I. Solovic, J. Bruchfeld, K. Manika, L. Kuksa, L.R. Codecasa, M. Stosic, M. Skowroński, M.J. Makek, M. Fréchet Jachym, M. Knappik, M. Santin, N. Yatskevich, O. Konstantynovska, O. Akkerman, P. Svetina, P. Viiklepp, R. Duarte, S. Zeynel, T. Togonidze, T. Vasankari, V. Parris, Ş. Özkara, C. Lange, and T.T. Brehm
Subjects: hepatotoxicity, drug-induced liver injury, hepatitis, silibinin, ursodeoxycholic acid, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Anecdotal information suggests that clinical practice regarding the use of putative hepatoprotective agents in TB treatment varies across countries in the WHO European Region. METHODS: Between November 2023 and May 2024, we conducted a standardised questionnaire survey on the use of putative hepatoprotective agents in patients receiving TB treatment among Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group (TBnet) representatives in countries in the WHO European Region. RESULTS: We received valid responses from 37 of 53 countries (69.8%), with 16 (43.2%) reporting regular use of putative hepatoprotective agents during anti-TB treatment. Half of these countries (n = 8) are part of the former Soviet Union. In five countries, these agents are recommended by national guidelines. The most commonly used hepatoprotective agents were silibin/silymarin (n = 9, 56.3%), ursodeoxycholic acid (n = 5, 31.3%), and soy phospholipids (n = 4, 25.0%). Treatment duration varied, with 56.3% (n = 9) using them for less than 1 month, 18.8% (n = 3) for 1–3 months, and 18.8% (n = 3) for 4–6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Putative hepatoprotective agents are widely used as an adjunct to TB treatment in the WHO European Region, particularly in the countries of the former Soviet Union, some of which have included them in their national guidelines.
Published: 2025
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4. Design and validation of a programmable dual-tunnel soft pneumatic origami actuator with a large maximum shrinkage rate for reciprocating motion

Author: R. Xu, Q. Meng, Q. Xie, Y. Zheng, C. Fei, V. Parenti Castelli, and H. Yu
Subjects: Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract: Soft actuators have attracted significant research in various domains owing to their flexible motion characteristics. However, the applications of soft actuators are constrained by their low force-to-weight ratio and maximum shrinkage rate, which is the ratio of the maximum stroke to the extreme length of the actuator, considerably augmenting the driving energy and occupied area. This paper presents a novel dual-tunnel soft pneumatic origami actuator capable of providing a large maximum shrinkage rate for reciprocating motion. The inner tunnel is constructed by the origami mechanism chamber, and the outer tunnel is formed by the origami mechanism in conjunction with the outer soft skin. A programmable design method for the proposed actuator is presented, based on its geometric parameter model and stiffness model. A kinematics model is developed to analyze the motion behavior and characteristics of the actuator's reciprocating motion. The prototype is fabricated using lightweight materials, such as oriented polypropylene and hard cardboard, on which tensile and load experiments are conducted. The results verify the motion characteristics of the soft actuator and the accuracy of the model. Compared to other linear actuators, the soft origami actuator is lightweight (weighing 5 g), has a large maximum shrinkage rate (61 %) and boasts a force-to-weight ratio of 600. The design demonstrates the extensive application potential of soft actuators with the origami mechanism.
Published: 2025
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5. A finite element approach to the Keller–Segel Chemotaxis system with impact of nonlocal diffusion

Author: A. Baskar and V. Parthiban
Subjects: Boundedness, Chemotaxis, Global existence, Numerical simulation, Analysis, QA299.6-433
Abstract: Abstract This paper presents the investigation of a boundedness solution for a Keller–Segel chemotaxis (KSC) system with nonlocal diffusion. In order to achieve boundedness, we derive the necessary and sufficient condition based on the assumption of ensuring a unique classical global bounded solution for the proposed KSC system. In this work, the proposed system’s boundedness condition is determined based on three particular situations: when χ < χ ∗ $\chi
Published: 2024
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6. Transmission dynamics of fractional order SVEIR model for African swine fever virus with optimal control analysis

Author: S. Suganya, V. Parthiban, L. Shangerganesh, and S. Hariharan
Subjects: African swine fever, Caputo fractional derivative, Stability analysis, Optimal control, Numerical Simulation., Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Understanding the dynamics of the African swine fever virus during periods of intense replication is critical for effective combatting of the rapid spread. In our research, we have developed a fractional-order SVEIR model using the Caputo derivatives to investigate this behaviour. We have established the existence and uniqueness of the solution through fixed point theory and determined the basic reproduction number using the next-generation matrix method. Our study also involves an examination of the local and global stability of disease-free equilibrium points. Additionally, we have conducted optimal control analysis with two control variables to increase the number of recovered pigs while reducing the number of those infected and exposed. We have supported our findings with numerical simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of the control strategy.
Published: 2024
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7. Measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters with the first six detection units of KM3NeT/ORCA

Author: The KM3NeT collaboration, S. Aiello, A. Albert, A. R. Alhebsi, M. Alshamsi, S. Alves Garre, A. Ambrosone, F. Ameli, M. Andre, L. Aphecetche, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, H. Atmani, J. Aublin, F. Badaracco, L. Bailly-Salins, Z. Bardačová, B. Baret, A. Bariego-Quintana, Y. Becherini, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, M. Benhassi, M. Bennani, D. M. Benoit, E. Berbee, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Boettcher, D. Bonanno, A. B. Bouasla, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, R. M. Bozza, H. Brânzaş, F. Bretaudeau, M. Breuhaus, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, R. Bruno, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, A. Capone, F. Carenini, V. Carretero, T. Cartraud, P. Castaldi, V. Cecchini, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, A. Chen, S. Cherubini, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, R. Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, A. Condorelli, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, G. Cuttone, R. Dallier, A. De Benedittis, B. De Martino, G. De Wasseige, V. Decoene, I. Del Rosso, L. S. Di Mauro, I. Di Palma, A. F. Díaz, D. Diego-Tortosa, C. Distefano, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, J.-G. Ducoin, R. Dvornický, T. Eberl, E. Eckerová, A. Eddymaoui, T. van Eeden, M. Eff, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, S. El Hedri, V. Ellajosyula, A. Enzenhöfer, G. Ferrara, M. D. Filipović, F. Filippini, D. Franciotti, L. A. Fusco, S. Gagliardini, T. Gal, J. García Méndez, A. Garcia Soto, C. Gatius Oliver, N. Geißelbrecht, E. Genton, H. Ghaddari, L. Gialanella, B. K. Gibson, E. Giorgio, I. Goos, P. Goswami, S. R. Gozzini, R. Gracia, C. Guidi, B. Guillon, M. Gutiérrez, C. Haack, H. van Haren, A. Heijboer, L. Hennig, J. J. Hernández-Rey, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, G. Illuminati, D. Joly, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, B. J. Jung, G. Kistauri, C. Kopper, A. Kouchner, Y. Y. Kovalev, V. Kueviakoe, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Kvatadze, M. Labalme, R. Lahmann, M. Lamoureux, G. Larosa, C. Lastoria, A. Lazo, S. Le Stum, G. Lehaut, V. Lemaître, E. Leonora, N. Lessing, G. Levi, M. Lindsey Clark, F. Longhitano, F. Magnani, J. Majumdar, L. Malerba, F. Mamedov, J. Mańczak, A. Manfreda, M. Marconi, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, C. Markou, L. Martin, M. Mastrodicasa, S. Mastroianni, J. Mauro, G. Miele, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, M. L. Mitsou, C. M. Mollo, L. Morales-Gallegos, A. Moussa, I. Mozun Mateo, R. Muller, M. R. Musone, M. Musumeci, S. Navas, A. Nayerhoda, C. A. Nicolau, B. Nkosi, B. Ó Fearraigh, V. Oliviero, A. Orlando, E. Oukacha, D. Paesani, J. Palacios González, G. Papalashvili, V. Parisi, E. J. Pastor Gomez, A. M. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, S. Peña Martínez, M. Perrin-Terrin, V. Pestel, R. Pestes, P. Piattelli, A. Plavin, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, J. Prado, S. Pulvirenti, C. A. Quiroz-Rangel, N. Randazzo, S. Razzaque, I. C. Rea, D. Real, G. Riccobene, J. Robinson, A. Romanov, E. Ros, A. Šaina, F. Salesa Greus, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez Losa, S. Sanfilippo, M. Sanguineti, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, H. M. Schutte, J. Seneca, I. Sgura, R. Shanidze, A. Sharma, Y. Shitov, F. Šimkovic, A. Simonelli, A. Sinopoulou, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, D. Stavropoulos, I. Štekl, S. M. Stellacci, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, H. Thiersen, S. Thoudam, I. Tosta e Melo, B. Trocmé, V. Tsourapis, A. Tudorache, E. Tzamariudaki, A. Ukleja, A. Vacheret, V. Valsecchi, V. Van Elewyck, G. Vannoye, G. Vasileiadis, F. Vazquez de Sola, A. Veutro, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, A. van Vliet, E. de Wolf, I. Lhenry-Yvon, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, D. Zito, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, and N. Zywucka
Subjects: Neutrino Detectors and Telescopes (experiments), Oscillation, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract KM3NeT/ORCA is a water Cherenkov neutrino detector under construction and anchored at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea. The detector is designed to study oscillations of atmospheric neutrinos and determine the neutrino mass ordering. This paper focuses on an initial configuration of ORCA, referred to as ORCA6, which comprises six out of the foreseen 115 detection units of photo-sensors. A high-purity neutrino sample was extracted, corresponding to an exposure of 433 kton-years. The sample of 5828 neutrino candidates is analysed following a binned log-likelihood method in the reconstructed energy and cosine of the zenith angle. The atmospheric oscillation parameters are measured to be sin 2 θ 23 = 0.51 − 0.05 + 0.04 $$ {\sin}^2{\theta}_{23}={0.51}_{-0.05}^{+0.04} $$ , and Δ m 31 2 = 2.18 − 0.35 + 0.25 × 10 − 3 eV 2 ∪ − 2.25 − 1.76 × 10 − 3 $$ \Delta {m}_{31}^2={2.18}_{-0.35}^{+0.25}\times {10}^{-3}{\textrm{eV}}^2\cup \left\{-2.25,-1.76\right\}\times {10}^{-3} $$ eV2 at 68% CL. The inverted neutrino mass ordering hypothesis is disfavoured with a p-value of 0.25.
Published: 2024
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8. Higher dose corticosteroids in hospitalised COVID-19 patients requiring ventilatory support (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trialResearch in context

Author: O. Abani, A. Abbas, F. Abbas, J. Abbas, K. Abbas, M. Abbas, S. Abbasi, H. Abbass, A. Abbott, N. Abdallah, A. Abdelaziz, M. Abdelfattah, B. Abdelqader, A. Abdul, B. Abdul, S. Abdul, A. Abdul Rasheed, A. Abdulakeem, R. Abdul-Kadir, A. Abdullah, A. Abdulmumeen, R. Abdul-Raheem, N. Abdulshukkoor, K. Abdusamad, Y. Abed El Khaleq, M. Abedalla, A. Abeer Ul Amna, L. Abel, K. Abernethy, M. Abeywickrema, C. Abhinaya, A. Abidin, A. Aboaba, A. Aboagye-Odei, C. Aboah, H. Aboelela, H. Abo-Leyah, K. Abouelela, A. Abou-Haggar, M. Abouibrahim, A. Abousamra, M. Abouzaid, M. Abraham, T. Abraham, A. Abraheem, J. Abrams, R. Abrams, H.J. Abu, A. Abu-Arafeh, S.M. Abubacker, A. Abung, Y. Abusamra, Y. Aceampong, A. Achara, D. Acharya, F. Acheampong, P. Acheampong, S. Acheampong, J. Acheson, S. Achieng, A. Acosta, R. Acquah, C. Acton, J. Adabie-Ankrah, P. Adair, A.S. Adam, F. Adam, M. Adam, H. Adamali, M. Adamczyk, C. Adams, D. Adams, K. Adams, L. Adams, N. Adams, R. Adams, T. Adams, L. Adamu-Ikeme, K. Adatia, K. Adcock, L. Addai-Boampong, A. Addo, O. Adeagbo, A. Adebiyi, O. Adedeji, Y. Adegeye, K. Adegoke, V. Adell, S. Adenwalla, F.W. Adeoye, O.A. Adesemoye, E.O. Adewunmi, A. Adeyanju, J. Adeyemi, T. Adeyemo, B. Adhikari, S.A. Adhikari, R. Adhikary, A. Aditya, P. Adjepong, G. Adkins, A. Adnan, M. Adriaanse, J. Aeron-Thomas, D. Affleck, C. Afnan, M. Afridi, P. Afrim, F.A. Afriyie, Z.A. Aftab, A. Afum-Adjei Awuah, M. Agarwal, P.N. Agasiya, R. Agbeko, C. Agbo, S. Aggarwal, A. Aghababaie, L. Aguilar Jimenez, J.A. Agyekum, K. Agyen, E.K. Ahadome, S. Ahamed Sadiq, M.H. Ahammed Nazeer, M. Ahmad, S. Ahmad, A. Ahmed, B.A.R. Ahmed, B. Ahmed, F. Ahmed, H. Ahmed, I. Ahmed, K. Ahmed, L. Ahmed, M. Ahmed, M.C. Ahmed, M.S. Ahmed, N. Ahmed, O. Ahmed, R.A. Ahmed, R. Ahmed, S. Ahmed, S.G. Ahmed, S.H. Ahmed, R. Ahmed Ali, B. Ahmed Mohamud, S. Ahmer, A. Ahonia, C. Aidoo, C. Aiken, D. Ail, M. Ainsworth, M. Aissa, L. Aitken, B. Ajay, A. Ajibode, A. Ajmi, N. Akhtar, S. Akili, B. Akinbiyi, O. Akindolie, Y. Akinfenwa, O. Akinkugbe, I. Akinpelu, M. Akram, O. Aktinade, U. Akudi, A.S.A.R. Al Aaraj, A. Al Balushi, M. Al Dakhola, A. Al Swaifi, E. Al-Abadi, A. Alabi, N. Aladangady, M. Alafifi, A. Alam, S. Alam, A. Al-Asadi, K. Alatzoglou, P. Albert, A. Albertus, L. Albon, A. Alcala, G. Alcorn, S. Alcorn, A. Aldana, D. Alderdice, A. Aldesouki, R. Aldouri, J. Aldridge, N. Aldridge, R. Ale, R.M. Ale, A. Alegria, A. Alexander, C. Alexander, J. Alexander, P.D.G. Alexander, J. Al-fori, L. Alghazawi, O. Alhabsha, B. Al-Hakim, R. Alhameed, M. Al-Hayali, S. Al-Hity, A. Ali, F.R. Ali, J. Ali, M. Ali, M.S. Ali, N. Ali, O. Ali, R. Ali, S. Ali, E. Aliberti, J. Alin, A. Alina, A. Alipustain, B. Alisjahbana, F. Aliyuda, K. Alizadeh, M. Al-Jibury, S. Al-Juboori, M. Al-Khalil, A. Alkhudhayri, M. Alkhusheh, F. Allan, N. Allan, A. Allanson, R. Allcock, E. Allen, J. Allen, K. Allen, L. Allen, P. Allen, R. Allen, S. Allen, T. Allen, A. Alli, K. Allison, B. Allman, H.K. Allsop, L. Allsop, D. Allsup, A.F.T. Almahroos, H. Al-Moasseb, M. Al-Obaidi, L. Alomari, A. Al-Rabahi, B. Al-Ramadhani, Z. Al-Saadi, R. Al-Sammarraie, I. Alshaer, R. Al-Shahi Salman, W. Al-Shamkhani, F. Alsheikh, B. Al-Sheklly, S. Altaf, A. Alty, M. Alvarez, M. Alvarez Corral, E. Alveyn, M. Alzetani, S. Amamou, N. Amar, S. Ambalavanan, R. Ambrogetti, C. Ambrose, A. Ameen, A. Amelia Ganefianty, K. Ames, M.R. Amezaga, A. Amin, K. Amin, S. Amin, T. Amin, B. Amit, A. Amjad, N. Amjad, J. Amoah-Dankwa, A. Amoako-Adusei, V. Amosun, M. Amsal, K. Amsha, J. Amuasi, N. Amutio Martin, P. Amy, A. Anada, A. Anand, S. Anandappa, S.D. Anantapatnaikuni, N.K.N. Andari, E. Anderson, J. Anderson, L. Anderson, M. Anderson, N. Anderson, R. Anderson, S. Anderson, W. Anderson, P. Andreou, A. Andrews, J. Andrews, K. Aneke, A. Ang, W.W. Ang, T. Angel, A. Angela, P. Angelini, L. Anguvaa, O. Anichtchik, M. Anim-Somuah, K. Aniruddhan, J. Annett, L. Anning, M. Ansah, P.J. Anstey, R. Anstey, A. Anthony, A. Anthony-Pillai, P. Antill, Z. Antonina, V. Anu, M. Anwar, S. Anwar, E. Apetri, A. Apostolopoulos, S. Appleby, D. Appleyard, M.F. Aquino, B. Araba, S. Aransiola, M. Araujo, A. Archer, D. Archer, S. Archer, D. Arcoria, C. Ardley, G. Arhin-Sam, A.-M. Arias, O. Aribike, R. Arimoto, N.L.P.E. Arisanti, C. Arkley, C. Armah, I. Armata, J. Armistead, A. Armitage, C. Armstrong, M. Armstrong, S. Armstrong, W. Armstrong, P. Armtrong, H. Arndt, C. Arnison-Newgass, D. Arnold, R. Arnold, A. Arnott, D. Arora, K. Arora, P. Arora, R. Arora, A. Arter, A. Arthur, N.M. Artini, A. Arumaithurai, A. Arya, R. Arya, D. Aryal, D. Asandei, G.A. Asare, A. Asghar, M. Asghar, A. Ashab, C. Ashbrook-Raby, H. Ashby, J. Ashcroft, S. Ashcroft, G. Asher, Z. Ashfak, A. Ashfaq, H.A. Asiamah, A. Ashish, D. Ashley, S. Ashman-Flavell, S. Ashok, A.-E.-A. Ashour, M.Z. Ashraf, S. Ashraf, M.B. Ashraq, D. Ashton, S. Ashton, A. Ashworth, F.J. Ashworth, R. Ashworth, A. Aslam, I. Aslam, S. Aslam, L. Aslett, H. Asogan, A. Asrar, O. Assaf, R. Astin-Chamberlain, Y.E. Atabudzi, P. Athavale, D. Athorne, B. Atkins, C. Atkins, S. Atkins, J. Atkinson, V. Atkinson, A. Atomode, B. Atraskiewicz, A.A. Attia, E. Attubato, M. Attwood, P. Aubrey, Z. Auer, A. Aujayeb, A.T. Aung, H. Aung, H.W.W. Aung, K.K. Aung, K.T. Aung, N. Aung, Y. Aung, Z.M. Aung, E. Austin, K. Austin, A. Auwal, M. Avari, M. Avery, N. Aveyard, J. Avis, G. Aviss, C. Avram, P. Avram, A. Awadelkareem, G. Awadzi, M. Awaly, A. Awan, S. Awisi, A. Aya, E. Ayaz, J.M. Ayerh, A. Ayers, J. Azam, A. Azeem, M. Azharuddin, A. Aziz, G. Aziz, I. Aziz, N. Aziz, A. Azkoul, A. Azman Shah, G. Azzopardi, H. Azzoug, F. Babatunde, M. Babi, B. Babiker, G. Babington, M. Babirecki, M. Babores, A.O. Babs-Osibodu, T. Bac, S. Bacciarelli, R. Bachar, M.-E. Bachour, A. Bachti, G. Bacon, J. Bacon, B. Badal, A. Badat, M. Bader, G.R. Badhan, S. Badhrinarayanan, J.P. Bae, A. Baggaley, A. Baggott, G. Bagley, D. Bagmane, L. Bagshaw, K. Bahadori, Y. Bahurupi, A. Bailey, J. Bailey, K. Bailey, L. Bailey, M.A. Bailey, M. Bailey, P. Bailey, S. Bailey, H. Baillie, J.K. Baillie, J. Bain, V. Bains, D. Baird, E. Baird, K. Baird, S. Baird, T. Baird, Y. Baird, A. Bajandouh, M. Bajracharya, D.C. Baker, E. Baker, J. Baker, K. Baker, M. Baker, R. Baker, T.-A. Baker, V. Baker, H. Bakere, N. Bakerly, M. Baker-Moffatt, A. Bakhai, N. Bakhtiar, P. Bakoulas, D. Bakthavatsalam, N. Balachandran, A. Balan, P. Balasingam, T. Balaskas, M. Balasubramaniam, N. Balatoni, A. Balcombe, A. Baldwin, C. Baldwin, D. Baldwin, F. Baldwin, R. Baldwin-Jones, N. Bale, J. Balfour, M. Ball, Ro Ball, K. Ballard, I. Balluz, C. Balmforth, E. Balogh, A. Baltmr, A. Baluwala, G. Bambridge, A. Bamford, P. Bamford, A. Bamgboye, E. Bancroft, H. Bancroft, J. Banda, K. Bandaru, S. Bandi, N. Bandla, S. Bandyopadhyam, A. Banerjee, R. Banerjee, P. Bang, S. Baniya, O. Bani-Saad, H. Banks, L. Banks, P. Banks, C. Bann, H. Bannister, O. Bannister, L. Banton, D.G. Bao, T. Bao, M. Baptist, T. Baqai, A.M. Baral, S.C. Baral, D. Baramova, R. Barber, E. Barbon, M. Barbosa, J. Barbour, A. Barclay, C. Barclay, G. Bardsley, S. Bareford, S. Bari, M. Barimbing, A. Barker, D. Barker, E. Barker, H. Barker, J. Barker, L. Barker, O. Barker, K. Barker-Williams, S. Barkha, J. Barla, G. Barlow, R. Barlow, V. Barlow, J. Barnacle, A. Barnard, D. Barnes, N. Barnes, R. Barnes, T. Barnes, C. Barnetson, A. Barnett, A. Barnett-Vanes, P.G. Barning, W. Barnsley, A. Barr, D. Barr, J. Barr, C. Barr, N. Barratt, S. Barratt, M. Barrera, A. Barrett, Fi Barrett, J. Barrett, S. Barrett, E. Barrow, J. Bartholomew, M.S. Barthwal, C. Bartlett, G. Bartlett, J. Bartlett, L. Bartlett, S. Bartley, S. Bartolmeu-Pires, A. Barton, G. Barton, J. Barton, L. Barton, R. Barton, R. Baruah, S. Baryschpolec, H. Bashir, A. Bashyal, B. Basker, S. Basnet, B. Basnyat, A. Basoglu, A. Basran, J. Bassett, G. Bassett, C. Bassford, B. Bassoy, V. Bastion, A. Bastola, A. Basumatary, P. Basvi, J.A. Batac, V.R. Bataduwaarachchi, T. Bate, H.J. Bateman, K. Bateman, V. Bateman, E. Bates, H. 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Vass, K. Vassell, V. Vasu, V. Vasudevan, M. Vatish, S. Vaughan, H. Vayalaman, D. Vayapooree, C. Vaz, N. Veale, S. Veerasamy, S. Velankar, L. Velauthar, N. Veli, N. Vella, A. Velugupati, A. Velusamy, I. Venables, M. Venditti, R. Venkataramakrishnan, R. Venn, M. Venter, L. Ventilacion, J. Vere, M. Veres, S. Vergnano, W. Verling, A. Verma, R. Vernall, B. Vernon, M. Vertue, L. Verueco, J. Verula, A. Veterini, N. Vethanayagam, S. Vettikumaran, L. Veys, C. Vickers, S. Victor, S. Victoria, C. Vidaillic, C.P. Vidaillac, J. Vidler, B. Vijayakumar, V.W. Vijayaraghavan Nalini, B. Vilcinskaite, A. Vileito, N. Vilimiene, L. Vinall, S. Vinay, L. Vinayakarao, O. Vincent, R. Vincent, N.Q. Vinh, P. Virdee, E. Virgilio, A.M. Virk, E. Visentin, M. Vitaglione, K. Vithian, S. Vittoria, S. Vivekananthan, E. Vlad, B. Vlies, L. von Oven, C. Vooght, K.T. Vu Thai, K. Vutipongsatorn, A. Vuylsteke, E. Vyras, R. Wach, B. Wadams, S. Wadd, N. Waddington, P. Wade, J. Wadsley, K. Wadsworth, S.E.I. Wafa, D. Wagstaff, L. Wagstaff, D. Wahab, Z. Wahbi, A. Waheed Adigun, S. Waidyanatha, A. Waite, R. Wake, A. Wakefield, W. Wakeford, F. Wakinshaw, E. Waldeck, A. Walden, L. Walding, A. Waldron, J. Waldron, E. Wales, B. Wali, D. Walker, G. Walker, H. Walker, I. Walker, K. Walker, L. Walker, O. Walker, R. Walker, S. Walker, G. Wallace, R. Wallbutton, J. Wallen, K. Wallendszus, A. Waller, R. Waller, G. Wallis, L. Wallis, M. Wallis, E. Walmsley, D. Walsh, E. Walsh, L. Walsh, D. Walstow, D. Walter, A. Walters, H. Walters, J. Walters, E. Walton, L. Walton, M. Walton, O. Walton, S. Walton, M. Wan, J. Wanda, M. Wands, R. Wane, F. Wang, N. Wang, R. Wang, S. Wang, D. Warbrick, S. Warburton, C. Ward, D. Ward, E. Ward, H. Ward, J. Ward, L. Ward, N. Ward, R. Ward, T. Ward, S.A. Warden, G. Wardere, S. Wardle, H. Wardy, G. Waring, S. Waring, J. Warmington, B. Warner, C. Warner, L. Warnock, S. Warran, J. Warren, L. Warren, R. Warren, Y. Warren, D. Warrender, H. Warren-Miell, A. Warris, G. Warwick, H. Wassall, S. Wasserman, E. Wasson, H.J. Watchorn, H. Waterfall, A. Waters, D. Waters, M. Waterstone, A. Watkin, C. Watkins, E. Watkins, K. Watkins, L. Watkins, A. Watson, A.J.R. Watson, E. Watson, F. Watson, J.G.R. Watson, L. Watson, P. Watson, R. Watson, K. Watson, M. Watters, D. Watterson, K. Wattimena, D. Watts, J. Watts, M. Watts, V. Waugh, E. Wayman, M. Wayman, A. Wazir, M. Weatherhead, N. Weatherly, C. Webb, H. Webb, K. Webb, S. Webb, C. Websdale, D. Webster, I. Webster, J. Webster, T. Webster, J. Wedlin, L. Wee, R. Weerakoon, T. Weerasinghe, J. Weeratunga, M. Weetman, S. Wei, I. Weichert, E. Welch, H. Welch, J. Welch, L. Welch, S. Welch, B. Welham, S. Weller, L. Wellings, B. Wells, S. Wellstead, B. Welsh, R. Welsh, I. Welters, R. Welton, V. Wenn, L. Wentworth, J. Wesonga, K. Wesseldine, J. West, M. West, R. West, S. West, L. Western, R. Westhead, H. Weston, A. Westwood, K. Westwood, S. Westwood, B. Wetherill, S. Wheaver, H. Wheeler, B. Whelan, M. Whelband, A. Whileman, A. Whitcher, A. White, B. White, C. White, D. White, J. White, K. White, M. White, N. White, S. White, T. White, C. Whitehead, K. Whitehorn, A. Whitehouse, C. Whitehouse, T. Whitehouse, J. Whiteley, L. Whiteley, S. Whiteley, R. Whitham, G. Whitlingum, D. Whitmore, E. Whittaker, L. Whittam, A. Whittington, H. Whittle, R. Whittle, E. Wiafe, L. Wiblin, O. Wickens, J. Widdrington, J. Wieboldt, H. Wieringa, C. Wiesender, L. Wiffen, A. Wight, A. Wignall, C. Wignall, A. Wilce, D. Wilcock, E. Wilcock, L. Wilcox, B. Wild, L. Wild, S. Wild, M. Wilde, L. Wilding, P. Wilding, T. Wildsmith, J. Wileman, J. Wiles, K. Wiles, E. Wilhelmsen, T. Wiliams, J. Wilkie, D. Wilkin, H. Wilkins, J. Wilkins, S. Wilkins, I. Wilkinson, L. Wilkinson, N. Wilkinson, S. Wilkinson, T. Wilkinson, S. Willetts, A. Williams, C. Williams, C.V. Williams, D. Williams, E. Williams, G. Williams, H. Williams, J. Williams, K. Williams, M. Williams, P. Williams, R. Williams, S. Williams, T. Williams, A. Williamson, C. Williamson, D. Williamson, J. Williamson, J.D. Williamson, R. Williamson, H. Williamson, E. Willis, H. Willis, J. Willis, L. Wills, L. Willsher, C. Willshire, F. Willson, J. Willson, A. Wilson, B. Wilson, D. Wilson, I. Wilson, J. Wilson, K. Wilson, K.-A. Wilson, L. Wilson, M. Wilson, S. Wilson, T. Wilson, K.L.Y. Win, M. Win, T. Win, T.T. Win, W.Y.W. Win, L. Winckworth, L. Winder, P. Winder, S. Winearl, H. Winmill, S. Winn, C. Winpenny, H. Winslow, H. Winter, J. Winter, B. Winter-Goodwin, J. Winterton, H. Winwood, J. Wischhusen, S. Wisdom, M. Wise, M. Wiselka, R. Wiseman, S. Wiseman, S. Wishart, T. WIshlade, E. Witele, N. Withers, J. Wittes, D. Wixted, T. Wodehouse, W. Wolf, N. Wolff, K. Wolffsohn, R. Wolf-Roberts, E. Wolodimeroff, A. Wolstencroft, A. Wong, C. Wong, C.-H. Wong, C.-M. Wong, E. Wong, J.S.Y. Wong, K.Y. Wong, M.Y. Wong, N. Wong, S. Wong, T. Wong, A.A. Wongkyezeng, A. Wood, C. Wood, D. Wood, F. Wood, G. Wood, H. Wood, J. Wood, L. Wood, M. Wood, S. Wood, T. Wood, K. Woodall, R. Woodfield, C. Woodford, E. Woodford, J. Woodford, L. Woodhead, T. Woodhead, P. Woodland, M. Woodman, S. Woodmansey, C. Woods, J. Woods, K. Woods, S. Woods, Z. Woodward, M. Woolcock, G. Wooldridge, R. Woolf, C. Woollard, L. Woollen, E. Woolley, J. Woolley, D. Woosey, D. Wootton, J. Wootton, D. Worley, S. Worton, J. Wraight, M. Wray, K. Wren, L. Wren, C. Wrey Brown, C. Wright, D. Wright, F. Wright, H. Wright, I. Wright, L. Wright, R. Wright, S. Wright, T. Wright, C. Wroe, H. Wroe, H. Wu, P. Wu, J. Wubetu, F. Wulandari, R. Wulandari, S. Wurie, C. Wyatt, F. Wyn-Griffiths, I. Wynter, B. Xavier, A. Xhikola, B.E. Xia, Z. Xia, E. Yacoba, S. Yadav, M. Yakubi, M. Yan, Y. Yanagisawa, F. Yang, Y. Yang, M. Yanney, W.L. Yap, N. Yaqoob, S. Yasmin, B. Yates, D. Yates, E. Yates, H. Yates, T. Yates, M. Yates, J. Ye, C. Yearwood Martin, K. Yein, F. Yelnoorkar, L. Yen, L.M. Yen, A. Yeoh, C.Y. Yeung, P. Yew, D. Yewatkar, L. Ylquimiche Melly, I. Ynter, H. Yong, J. Yorke, J. Youens, A. Younes Ibrahim, E. Young, G. Young, L. Young, A. Yousafzar, S. Youssouf, A. Yousuf, H. Yovita, C. Yu, J.S.J. Yuan, N. Yufaniaputri, B. Yung, D. Yusef, S. Yusef, I. Yusuf, A.-S. Zafar, S. Zagalo, S. Zaher, A. Zahoor, M. Zainab, T. Zak, K. Zaki, N. Zakir, K. Zalewska, A. Zamalloa, M. Zaman, S. Zaman, J. Zamikula, L. Zammit, M. Zammit-Mangion, M. Zawadzka, M. Zayed, E. Zebracki, D. Zehnder, L. Zeidan, D. Zeinali, J. Zhang, X. Zhao, D. Zheng, D. Zhu, M. Zia, O. Zibdeh, R. Zill-E-Huma, E.T. Zin, E. Zincone, G. Zindoga, E. Zinkin, V. Zinyemba, C. Zipitis, L. Zitter, A. Zmierczak, G. Zubikarai, A. Zubir, N. Zuhra, R. Zulaikha, S. Zulfikar, C. Zullo, and A. Zuriaga-Alvaro
Subjects: COVID-19, Corticosteroid, Dexamethasone, Mortality, Clinical trial, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Summary: Background: Low dose corticosteroids (e.g., 6 mg dexamethasone) have been shown to reduce mortality for hypoxic COVID-19 patients. We have previously reported that higher dose corticosteroids cause harm in patients with clinical hypoxia but not receiving ventilatory support (the combination of non-invasive mechanical ventilation, including high-flow nasal oxygen, continuous positive airway pressure and bilevel positive airway pressure ventilation, and invasive mechanical ventilation or extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation), but the balance of efficacy and safety in patients receiving ventilatory support is uncertain. Methods: This randomised, controlled, open-label platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]) assessed multiple possible treatments in patients hospitalised for COVID-19. Eligible and consenting adult patients receiving ventilatory support were randomly allocated (1:1) to either usual care with higher dose corticosteroids (dexamethasone 20 mg once daily for 5 days followed by 10 mg once daily for 5 days or until discharge if sooner) or usual standard of care alone (which includes dexamethasone 6 mg once daily for 10 days or until discharge if sooner). The primary outcome was 28-day mortality; secondary outcomes were duration of hospitalisation and (among participants not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline) the composite of invasive mechanical ventilation or death. Recruitment closed on 31 March 2024 when funding for the trial ended. The RECOVERY trial is registered with ISRCTN (50189673) and clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04381936). Findings: Between 25 May 2021 and 9 January 2024, 477 COVID-19 patients receiving ventilatory support were randomly allocated to receive usual care plus higher dose corticosteroids vs. usual care alone (of whom 99% received corticosteroids during the follow-up period). Of those randomised, 221 (46%) were in Asia, 245 (51%) in the UK and 11 (2%) in Africa. 143 (30%) had diabetes mellitus. Overall, 86 (35%) of 246 patients allocated to higher dose corticosteroids vs. 86 (37%) of 231 patients allocated to usual care died within 28 days (rate ratio [RR] 0.87; 95% CI 0.64–1.18; p = 0.37). There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients discharged from hospital alive within 28 days (128 [52%] in the higher dose corticosteroids group vs. 120 [52%] in the usual care group; RR 1.04, 0.81–1.33]; p = 0.78). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, there was no clear reduction in the proportion meeting the composite endpoint of invasive mechanical ventilation or death (76 [37%] of 206 vs. 93 [45%] of 205; RR 0.79 [95% CI 0.63–1.00]; p = 0.05). Interpretation: In patients hospitalised for COVID-19 receiving ventilatory support, we found no evidence that higher dose corticosteroids reduced the risk of death compared to usual care, which included low dose corticosteroids. Funding: UK Research and Innovation (Medical Research Council) and National Institute for Health Research (Grant ref: MC_PC_19056), and Wellcome Trust (Grant Ref: 222406/Z/20/Z).
Published: 2025
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9. Astronomy potential of KM3NeT/ARCA

Author: KM3NeT Collaboration, S. Aiello, A. Albert, M. Alshamsi, S. Alves Garre, Z. Aly, A. Ambrosone, F. Ameli, M. Andre, E. Androutsou, M. Anguita, L. Aphecetche, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, H. Atmani, J. Aublin, F. Badaracco, L. Bailly-Salins, Z. Bardačová, B. Baret, A. Bariego-Quintana, A. Baruzzi, S. Basegmez du Pree, Y. Becherini, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, M. Benhassi, D. M. Benoit, E. Berbee, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Boettcher, D. Bonanno, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, R. M. Bozza, H. Brânzaş, F. Bretaudeau, M. Breuhaus, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, R. Bruno, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, S. Campion, A. Capone, F. Carenini, V. Carretero, T. Cartraud, P. Castaldi, V. Cecchini, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, M. Chadolias, A. Chen, S. Cherubini, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, R. Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, G. Cuttone, R. Dallier, Y. Darras, A. De Benedittis, B. De Martino, V. Decoene, R. Del Burgo, I. Del Rosso, L. S. Di Mauro, I. Di Palma, A. F. Díaz, C. Diaz, D. Diego-Tortosa, C. Distefano, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, M. Dörr, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, J.-G. Ducoin, R. Dvornický, T. Eberl, E. Eckerová, A. Eddymaoui, T. van Eeden, M. Eff, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, S. El Hedri, A. Enzenhöfer, G. Ferrara, M. D. Filipović, F. Filippini, D. Franciotti, L. A. Fusco, J. Gabriel, S. Gagliardini, T. Gal, J. García Méndez, A. Garcia Soto, C. Gatius Oliver, N. Geißelbrecht, H. Ghaddari, L. Gialanella, B. K. Gibson, E. Giorgio, I. Goos, P. Goswami, D. Goupilliere, S. R. Gozzini, R. Gracia, K. Graf, C. Guidi, B. Guillon, M. Gutiérrez, H. van Haren, A. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, L. Hennig, J. J. Hernández-Rey, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, G. Illuminati, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, B. J. Jung, P. Kalaczyński, O. Kalekin, U. F. Katz, G. Kistauri, C. Kopper, A. Kouchner, V. Kueviakoe, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Kvatadze, M. Labalme, R. Lahmann, G. Larosa, C. Lastoria, A. Lazo, S. Le Stum, G. Lehaut, E. Leonora, N. Lessing, G. Levi, M. Lindsey Clark, F. Longhitano, F. Magnani, J. Majumdar, L. Malerba, F. Mamedov, J. Mańczak, A. Manfreda, M. Marconi, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, C. Markou, L. Martin, J. A. Martínez-Mora, F. Marzaioli, M. Mastrodicasa, S. Mastroianni, S. Miccichè, G. Miele, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, M. L. Mitsou, C. M. Mollo, L. Morales-Gallegos, M. Morga, A. Moussa, I. Mozun Mateo, R. Muller, M. R. Musone, M. Musumeci, S. Navas, A. Nayerhoda, C. A. Nicolau, B. Nkosi, B. Ó Fearraigh, V. Oliviero, A. Orlando, E. Oukacha, D. Paesani, J. Palacios González, G. Papalashvili, V. Parisi, E. J. Pastor Gomez, A. M. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, I. Pelegris, S. Peña Martínez, M. Perrin-Terrin, J. Perronnel, V. Pestel, R. Pestes, P. Piattelli, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, J. Prado, S. Pulvirenti, C. A. Quiroz-Rangel, U. Rahaman, N. Randazzo, R. Randriatoamanana, S. Razzaque, I. C. Rea, D. Real, G. Riccobene, J. Robinson, A. Romanov, A. Šaina, F. Salesa Greus, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez Losa, S. Sanfilippo, M. Sanguineti, C. Santonastaso, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, H. M. Schutte, J. Seneca, N. Sennan, B. Setter, I. Sgura, R. Shanidze, A. Sharma, Y. Shitov, F. Šimkovic, A. Simonelli, A. Sinopoulou, M. V. Smirnov, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, D. Stavropoulos, I. Štekl, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, H. Thiersen, I. Tosta e Melo, E. Tragia, B. Trocmé, V. Tsourapis, A. Tudorache, E. Tzamariudaki, A. Vacheret, A. Valer Melchor, V. Valsecchi, V. Van Elewyck, G. Vannoye, G. Vasileiadis, F. Vazquez de Sola, C. Verilhac, A. Veutro, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, E. de Wolf, H. Yepes-Ramirez, G. Zarpapis, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, D. Zito, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, and N. Zywucka
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The KM3NeT/ARCA neutrino detector is currently under construction at 3500 m depth offshore Capo Passero, Sicily, in the Mediterranean Sea. The main science objectives are the detection of high-energy cosmic neutrinos and the discovery of their sources. Simulations were conducted for the full KM3NeT/ARCA detector, instrumenting a volume of 1 km $$^3$$ 3 , to estimate the sensitivity and discovery potential to point-like neutrino sources. This paper covers the reconstruction of track- and shower-like signatures, as well as the criteria employed for neutrino event selection. With an angular resolution below 0.1 $$^\circ $$ ∘ for tracks and under 2 $$^\circ $$ ∘ for showers, the sensitivity to point-like neutrino sources surpasses existing observed limits across the entire sky.
Published: 2024
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10. Atmospheric muons measured with the KM3NeT detectors in comparison with updated numeric predictions

Author: KM3NeT Collaboration, S. Aiello, A. Albert, M. Alshamsi, S. Alves Garre, A. Ambrosone, F. Ameli, M. Andre, E. Androutsou, M. Anguita, L. Aphecetche, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, A. Arsenic, H. Atmani, J. Aublin, F. Badaracco, L. Bailly-Salins, Z. Bardačová, B. Baret, A. Bariego-Quintana, S. Basegmez du Pree, Y. Becherini, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, M. Benhassi, D. M. Benoit, E. Berbee, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Boettcher, D. Bonanno, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, R. M. Bozza, H. Brânzaş, F. Bretaudeau, M. Breuhaus, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, R. Bruno, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, S. Campion, A. Capone, F. Carenini, V. Carretero, T. Cartraud, P. Castaldi, V. Cecchini, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, M. Chadolias, A. Chen, S. Cherubini, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, R. Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, A. Condorelli, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, G. Cuttone, R. Dallier, Y. Darras, A. De Benedittis, B. De Martino, V. Decoene, R. Del Burgo, I. Del Rosso, L. S. Di Mauro, I. Di Palma, A. F. Díaz, C. Diaz, D. Diego-Tortosa, C. Distefano, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, M. Dörr, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, J.-G. Ducoin, R. Dvornický, T. Eberl, E. Eckerová, A. Eddymaoui, T. van Eeden, M. Eff, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, S. El Hedri, A. Enzenhöfer, G. Ferrara, M. D. Filipović, F. Filippini, D. Franciotti, L. A. Fusco, S. Gagliardini, T. Gal, J. García Méndez, A. Garcia Soto, C. Gatius Oliver, N. Geißelbrecht, H. Ghaddari, L. Gialanella, B. K. Gibson, E. Giorgio, I. Goos, P. Goswami, S. R. Gozzini, R. Gracia, K. Graf, C. Guidi, B. Guillon, M. Gutiérrez, C. Haack, H. van Haren, A. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, L. Hennig, J. J. Hernández-Rey, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, G. Illuminati, D. Joly, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, B. J. Jung, P. Kalaczyński, O. Kalekin, U. F. Katz, A. Khatun, G. Kistauri, C. Kopper, A. Kouchner, V. Kueviakoe, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Kvatadze, M. Labalme, R. Lahmann, G. Larosa, C. Lastoria, A. Lazo, S. Le Stum, G. Lehaut, E. Leonora, N. Lessing, G. Levi, F. Longhitano, F. Magnani, J. Majumdar, L. Malerba, F. Mamedov, J. Mańczak, A. Manfreda, M. Marconi, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, C. Markou, L. Martin, F. Marzaioli, M. Mastrodicasa, S. Mastroianni, S. Miccichè, G. Miele, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, M. L. Mitsou, C. M. Mollo, L. Morales-Gallegos, G. Moretti, A. Moussa, I. Mozun Mateo, R. Muller, M. R. Musone, M. Musumeci, S. Navas, A. Nayerhoda, C. A. Nicolau, B. Nkosi, B. Ó. Fearraigh, V. Oliviero, A. Orlando, E. Oukacha, D. Paesani, J. Palacios González, G. Papalashvili, V. Parisi, E. J. Pastor Gomez, A. M. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, I. Pelegris, S. Peña Martínez, M. Perrin-Terrin, J. Perronnel, V. Pestel, R. Pestes, P. Piattelli, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, J. Prado, S. Pulvirenti, C. A. Quiroz-Rangel, U. Rahaman, N. Randazzo, S. Razzaque, I. C. Rea, D. Real, G. Riccobene, J. Robinson, A. Romanov, A. Šaina, F. Salesa Greus, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez Losa, S. Sanfilippo, M. Sanguineti, C. Santonastaso, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, H. M. Schutte, J. Seneca, N. Sennan, B. Setter, I. Sgura, R. Shanidze, A. Sharma, Y. Shitov, F. Šimkovic, A. Simonelli, A. Sinopoulou, M. V. Smirnov, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, D. Stavropoulos, I. Štekl, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, H. Thiersen, I. Tosta e Melo, E. Tragia, B. Trocmé, V. Tsourapis, A. Tudorache, E. Tzamariudaki, A. Vacheret, A. Valer Melchor, V. Valsecchi, V. Van Elewyck, G. Vannoye, G. Vasileiadis, F. Vazquez de Sola, A. Veutro, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, E. de Wolf, H. Yepes-Ramirez, I. Yvon, G. Zarpapis, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, D. Zito, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, and N. Zywucka
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The measurement of the flux of muons produced in cosmic ray air showers is essential for the study of primary cosmic rays. Such measurements are important in extensive air shower detectors to assess the energy spectrum and the chemical composition of the cosmic ray flux, complementary to the information provided by fluorescence detectors. Detailed simulations of the cosmic ray air showers are carried out, using codes such as CORSIKA, to estimate the muon flux at sea level. These simulations are based on the choice of hadronic interaction models, for which improvements have been implemented in the post-LHC era. In this work, a deficit in simulations that use state-of-the-art QCD models with respect to the measurement deep underwater with the KM3NeT neutrino detectors is reported. The KM3NeT/ARCA and KM3NeT/ORCA neutrino telescopes are sensitive to TeV muons originating mostly from primary cosmic rays with energies around 10 TeV. The predictions of state-of-the-art QCD models show that the deficit with respect to the data is constant in zenith angle; no dependency on the water overburden is observed. The observed deficit at a depth of several kilometres is compatible with the deficit seen in the comparison of the simulations and measurements at sea level.
Published: 2024
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11. Noise-induced hearing loss alters potassium-chloride cotransporter KCC2 and GABA inhibition in the auditory centers

Author: V. Parameshwarappa, M. I. Siponen, I. Watabe, A. Karkaba, A. Galazyuk, and A. J. Noreña
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Homeostatic plasticity, the ability of neurons to maintain their averaged activity constant around a set point value, is thought to account for the central hyperactivity after hearing loss. Here, we investigated the putative role of GABAergic neurotransmission in this mechanism after a noise-induced hearing loss larger than 50 dB in high frequencies in guinea pigs. The effect of GABAergic inhibition is linked to the normal functioning of K + –Cl– co-transporter isoform 2 (KCC2) which maintains a low intracellular concentration of chloride. The expression of membrane KCC2 were investigated before and after noise trauma in the ventral and dorsal cochlear nucleus (VCN and DCN, respectively) and in the inferior colliculus (IC). Moreover, the effect of gabazine (GBZ), a GABA antagonist, was also studied on the neural activity in IC. We show that KCC2 is downregulated in VCN, DCN and IC 3 days after noise trauma, and in DCN and IC 30 days after the trauma. As expected, GBZ application in the IC of control animals resulted in an increase of spontaneous and stimulus-evoked activity. In the noise exposed animals, on the other hand, GBZ application decreased the stimulus-evoked activity in IC neurons. The functional implications of these central changes are discussed.
Published: 2024
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12. The physical and biogeochemical parameters along the coastal waters of Saudi Arabia during field surveys in summer, 2021

Author: Y. O. Abualnaja, A. Pavlidou, J. H. Churchill, I. Hatzianestis, D. Velaoras, H. Kontoyiannis, V. P. Papadopoulos, A. P. Karageorgis, G. Assimakopoulou, H. Kaberi, T. Kannelopoulos, C. Parinos, C. Zeri, D. Ballas, E. Pitta, V. Paraskevopoulou, A. Androni, S. Chourdaki, V. Fioraki, S. Iliakis, G. Kabouri, A. Konstantinopoulou, G. Krokos, D. Papageorgiou, A. Papageorgiou, G. Pappas, E. Plakidi, E. Rousselaki, I. Stavrakaki, E. Tzempelikou, P. Zachioti, A. Yfanti, T. Zoulias, A. Al Amoudi, Y. Alshehri, A. Alharbi, H. Al Sulami, T. Boksmati, R. Mutwalli, and I. Hoteit
Subjects: Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: During the last decades, the coastal areas of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, on the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf, have been subjected to intense economic and industrial growth. As a result, it may be expected that the overall environmental status of Saudi Arabian coastal marine waters has been affected by human activities. As a consequence, adequate management of the Saudi Arabian coastal zone requires an assessment of how the various pressures within this zone impact the quality of seawater and sediments. To this end, environmental surveys were conducted over 15 hotspot areas (areas subject to environmental pressures) in the Saudi Arabian coastal zone of the Red Sea and over three hotspot areas in the Saudi Arabian waters of the Arabian Gulf. The survey in the Red Sea, conducted in June/July 2021, acquired measurements from hotspot areas spanning most of the Saudi coastline, extending from near the Saudi–Jordanian border in the north to Al Shuqaiq and Jizan Economic City (close to the Saudi–Yemen border) in the south. The survey in the Arabian Gulf, carried out in September 2021, included the areas of Al Khobar, Dammam and Ras Al Khair. The main objective of both cruises was to record the physical and biogeochemical parameters along the coastal waters of the kingdom, tracing the dispersion of contaminants related to specific pressures. Taken together, these cruises constitute the first multidisciplinary and geographically comprehensive study of contaminants within the Saudi Arabian coastal waters and sediments. The measurements acquired revealed the influence of various anthropogenic pressures on the coastal marine environment of Saudi Arabia and also highlighted a strong influence of hydrographic conditions on the distribution of biochemical properties in the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. The data can be accessed at SEANOE https://doi.org/10.17882/96463 (Abualnaja et al., 2023), whereas the details of the sampling stations are available at https://mcep.kaust.edu.sa/cruise-postings (last access: 25 March 2024). The dataset includes the parameters shown in Tables 1a, b and 2a.
Published: 2024
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13. Design of efficient binary multiplier architecture using hybrid compressor with FPGA implementation

Author: V. Thamizharasan and V. Parthipan
Subjects: Hybrid, Multiplier, Compressor, Xilinx, Field programmable gate array (FPGA), Spartan6, Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract In signal processing applications, the multipliers are essential component of arithmetic functional units in many applications, like digital signal processors, image/video processing, Machine Learning, Cryptography and Arithmetic & Logical units (ALU). In recent years, Profuse multipliers are there. In that, Vedic multiplier is one of the high-performance multiplications and it is used to signal/image processing applications. In order to ameliorate the performance of this multiplier further, by proposed a novel multiplier using hybrid compressor. The proposed hybrid compressor-based multiplier is designed and implemented in Field programmable Gate Array (FPGA—spartan 6). The synthesis result shows that the speed of proposed hybrid compressor-based multiplier gets improved as compared to Array multiplier (35.83%), Wallace tree multiplier (34.58%), Vedic Multiplier based on Carry look ahead adder (CLA) (28.49%), Vedic Multiplier based on Ripple carry adder (RCA) (20.65%), Booth Multiplication (21.65%) and Vedic Multiplication based on Han-Carlson Adder (HCA) (20.10%) and Hybrid multiplier using Carry Select Adder (CSELA) (17.81%) and Hybrid Vedic Multiplier (7.15%).
Published: 2024
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14. Access and sustainment of ELMy H-mode operation for ITER pre-fusion power operation plasmas using JINTRAC

Author: E. Tholerus, L. Garzotti, V. Parail, Y. Baranov, X. Bonnin, G. Corrigan, F. Eriksson, D. Farina, L. Figini, D.M. Harting, S.H. Kim, F. Koechl, A. Loarte, E. Militello Asp, H. Nordman, S.D. Pinches, A.R. Polevoi, and P. Strand
Subjects: ITER, PFPO, scenario development, integrated modelling, JINTRAC, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: In the initial stages of ITER operation, ELM mitigation systems need to be commissioned. This requires controlled flat-top operation in type-I ELMy H-mode regimes. Hydrogen or helium plasma discharges are used exclusively in these stages to ensure negligible production of neutrons from fusion reactions. With the expected higher L–H power threshold of hydrogen and helium plasmas compared to corresponding D and D/T plasmas, it is uncertain whether available auxiliary power systems are sufficient to operate in stable type-I ELMy H-mode. This has been investigated using integrated core and edge/SOL/divertor modelling with JINTRAC. Assuming that the L–H power threshold is well captured by the Martin08 scaling law, the presented simulations have found that 30 MW of ECRH power is likely required for the investigated hydrogen plasma scenarios, rather than the originally planned 20 MW in the 2016 Staged Approach ITER Baseline. However, past experiments have shown that a small helium fraction (∼10%) can considerably reduce the hydrogen plasma L–H power threshold. Assuming that these results extrapolate to ITER operation regimes, the 7.5 MA/2.65 T hydrogen plasma scenario is likely to access stable type-I ELMy H-mode operation also at 20 MW of ECRH.
Published: 2025
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15. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of tetrahydropyrido[3, 4-d]pyrimidine derivatives as anti-leukemic agents

Author: V. Parashuram, K. Aruna Kumari, Sai Charitha Mullaguri, Rama Krishna Kancha, and Vasantha Mittapelli
Subjects: Pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidine, Suzuki coupling, Anti-leukaemic activity, Drug resistance, Molecular docking, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Substituted tetrahydropyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives (2a-l) have been synthesized through a series of N-substitution, Suzuki coupling, deprotection and condensation reactions. The structure of new compounds was analysed by interpretations of FTIR,1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectral data. The synthesised compounds were tested for their anti-leukaemic activity on wild type K562 (K562-WT) and IR1 and IR2 cell lines that are imatinib resistant due to clonal evolution. The compounds 2b, 2c, 2i, 2k and 8 showed were high HEK293 cells. Molecular docking studies using crystal structure of drug-resistant ABL-T315I mutant revealed the ability of these molecules to overcome resistance due to mutations in the ABL kinase. Notably, experimental and computational analyses identified that compound 8 exhibited highest anti-leukemic activity and potential to overcome drug resistance arising due to multiple molecular mechanisms.
Published: 2024
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16. Impact of the Covid pandemic on the mental health of children and young people with pre-existing mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author: B. C. F. Ching, V. Parlatini, S. Zhang, H. Abdul Cader, J. Penhallow, E. Voraite, T. Popnikolova, A. Wickersham, J. Downs, and E. Simonoff
Subjects: Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract: Introduction Existing systematic reviews have suggested mixed effects of the Covid pandemic on the mental health of children and young people. Those with pre-existing mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions have been suggested to be disproportionately affected, but this has not been meta-analysed. Most reviews of studies in clinical populations to date only include cross-sectional studies during the first lockdown or longitudinal cohorts up to early 2021, which limits our understanding of causality and long-term effects. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the longitudinal impact of the pandemic on the mental health of children and young people with pre-existing mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions. Objectives To compare 1) mental health pre versus during Covid, and 2) mental health during Covid. Methods Medline, Embase, APA PsycInfo, and Global Health databases were searched up to August 2023. Longitudinal studies reporting mental health outcomes in children and young people (≤18 years old) with pre-Covid mental health and/or neurodevelopmental conditions were included. Cohorts were deemed eligible if children and young people were diagnosed using a diagnostic assessment, scored above clinical threshold on validated measures, or attended mental health services pre-Covid. Outcomes included internalising, externalising, and other symptoms. Studies were narratively synthesised by symptom category and meta-analyses performed where number of studies reporting the same outcomes were sufficient (≥5). Results 6,083 records were identified and 21 studies (N=2,617) were included. These widely differed in country, setting, diagnosis, outcome, and timepoints under study. The narrative synthesis highlighted mixed findings in mental health changes during the pandemic for all three symptom categories showing increases, reductions, and no changes. Only studies reporting changes in internalising symptoms pre- versus during the pandemic were in sufficient number to be amenable to meta-analysis. Conclusions Our findings suggest the pandemic’s impact on the mental health of children and young people with pre-existing mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions were complex and varied. We highlight an urgent need for longitudinal Covid research on long-term mental health outcomes in this vulnerable group. Understanding risk factors and longitudinal trajectories is warranted to guide clinical practice and policy. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
Published: 2024
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17. Characterization and Degradation of Perovskite Mini-Modules

Author: R. Ebner, A. Mittal, G. Ujvari, M. Hadjipanayi, V. Paraskeva, G. E. Georghiou, A. Hadipour, A. Aguirre, and T. Aernouts
Subjects: perovskite, optical and electrical characterization, degradation, outdoor performance, Inorganic chemistry, QD146-197
Abstract: Organic–inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskites are poised to revolutionize the next generation of photovoltaics with their exceptional optoelectronic properties and compatibility with low-cost and large-scale fabrication methods. Since perovskite tends to degrade over short time intervals due to various parameters (oxygen, humidity, light, and temperature), advanced characterization methods are needed to understand their degradation mechanisms. In this context, investigation of the electrical and optoelectronic properties of several perovskite mini-modules was performed by means of photo- and electroluminescence imaging as well as Dark Lock-In Thermography methods. Current–voltage curves at periodic time intervals and External Quantum Efficiency measurements were implemented alongside other measurements to reveal correlations between the electrical and radiative properties of the solar cells. The different imaging techniques used in this study reveal the changes in radiative emission processes and how those are correlated with performance. Alongside the indoor optoelectronic characterization of perovskite reference samples, the outdoor monitoring of two perovskite modules of the same structure for 23 weeks is reported. Significant performance degradation is presented outdoors from the first week of testing for both samples under test. The evolution of the major electrical characteristics of the mini-modules and the diurnal changes were studied in detail. Finally, dark storage recovery studies after outdoor exposure were implemented to investigate changes in the major electrical parameters.
Published: 2024
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18. Intelligent data routing strategy based on federated deep reinforcement learning for IOT-enabled wireless sensor networks

Author: S. Sebastin Suresh, V. Prabhu, V. Parthasarathy, G. Senthilkumar, and Venkateswarlu Gundu
Subjects: Data routing, Federated deep reinforcement learning, Data sum rate, WSN-IoT, Electric apparatus and materials. Electric circuits. Electric networks, TK452-454.4
Abstract: The high-speed data routing in the Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is vital in improving network performance. Existing routing protocols face difficulties dealing with frequent node relocations, energy efficiency optimization, scalability, and dynamic network environments. The inadequacy of conventional routing algorithms in handling the issues provided by frequent node relocations, energy efficiency optimization, scalability, and dynamic network settings in IoT-enabled WSNs is identified as the problem. Traditional protocols are inflexible in the face of node relocations, whereas machine learning-based techniques frequently miss energy efficiency factors. Reinforcement learning-based techniques presume static topologies and the potential of federated learning in WSN routing is largely untapped. The goal is to provide adaptive and energy-efficient routing while considering message overhead, temporal complexity, data sum rate, communication delay, and scalability. The research adopts federated deep reinforcement learning (FDRL) to address these limitations for routing the high-speed data packets in IoT-enabled WSNs. The proposed research technique uses FDRL, which enables distributed decision-making and adaptive routing in dynamic network situations. The fundamental instant data load is separated into cluster pairs in the proposed technique, each with one strong and one weak sensor node. This split enables optimal network load balancing and resource use. The FDRL architecture is used to disperse the learning process across numerous nodes or access points, allowing for localized decision-making while taking advantage of global coordination. The simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the FDRL Routing in terms of packet loss, latency, energy efficiency, and scalability. The results show that the proposed federated DRL-based intelligent data routing approach outperforms traditional protocols and other current routing strategies.
Published: 2024
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19. Econometric modeling of tobacco exports in the milieu of changing global and national policy regimes: repercussions on the Indian tobacco sector

Author: K. Viswanatha Reddy, V. Paramesha, K. N. Ravi Kumar, S. Asci, T. K. Immanuelraj, M. Sheshu Madhav, R. Sendhil, S. Konduru, K. Prabhakara Rao, and P. Ramasundaram
Subjects: tobacco exports, determinants, vector error-correction model, public health, environment, co-integration, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract: IntroductionTobacco, an important commercial crop, plays a crucial role in farmers' incomes and livelihoods to a sizable population and contributes significant exchange earnings to the Indian economy. Currently, India is the second-largest tobacco producer after China, with a production of 758 million kg (13% of global production) and exports of ~190 million kg of tobacco (9% of global tobacco export volume). However, there are uncertainties surrounding the tobacco sector, such as growing public health and environmental issues associated with tobacco production and consumption and changing national and international tobacco-related policy regimes. In this context, the current study investigates the determinants of tobacco exports and geographical shifts in export destinations over the years.MethodsThe statistical models employed are co-integration, and vector error-correlation models to test the short-run and long-run dynamics relationship between tobacco exports and the explanatory variables, and the Markov chain approach to find out geographical shifts in export destinations.Results and discussionThe econometric model estimated the relationship between the tobacco export volume with domestic production, export price, and global demand for Indian tobacco, and investigated the geographical shift in export destinations of tobacco in the context of changing global and national policy regimes on the sector. The econometric modeling framework confirms that there exists a statistically significant relationship between Indian tobacco export demand, domestic production, export price, and world demand for Indian tobacco. The geographical shift was evident in major export destinations during the post-WHO-FCTC (Framework Convention on Tobacco Control) regime. The model findings direct that India should take advantage of the export price, and global demand for tobacco as India ratified WHO-FCTC; there is no scope for horizontal expansion of the area under tobacco. This modeling framework aids as a tool to direct and explore the possible options with a greater emphasis on export-centric farming system in tobacco production by augmenting crop compliance and quality to meet the standards of international markets.
Published: 2024
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20. Efficient Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing: A Multiobjective Strategy Using Horse Herd–Squirrel Search Algorithm

Author: V. Parthasaradi, A. Karunamurthy, C. H. Hussaian Basha, and S. Senthilkumar
Subjects: Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract: Cloud computing (CC) is a technology that enables the delivery of IT services outside of the workplace. CC, on the other hand, has had several drawbacks. The task scheduling issue is taken as one of the important difficulties because a solid mapping between available resources and users’ activities is essential to reduce the execution time of users’ jobs (i.e., minimize makespan) and maximize resource utilization. Because the service provider must offer several customers’ benefits at distinct times and from distinct locations, task scheduling is indeed a serious challenge in CC. As a result, in the CC environment, these operations must be scheduled in a more dynamic and timely manner. The objective is to provide an enhanced task scheduling algorithm for allocating the task of the user to different computing resources. The major aim of the research work is to reduce the cost and the execution time as well as to improve the resource utilization of the task scheduling problem using the improved support vector machine (ISVM) and the optimization concept. The novel algorithm used here merges two familiar algorithms as squirrel search algorithm (SSA) and the horse herd optimization algorithm (HOA) leading to a new hybrid metaheuristic algorithm called the horse herd–squirrel search algorithm (HO–SSA). The developed HO–SSA assists in introducing a multiobjective optimization for efficiently handling task scheduling issues in the cloud sector. The proposed HO–SSA method for the task scheduling in CC model in terms of cost is 22.22%, 15.73%, and 38.74% better than SSA, HOA, and TSA, respectively. Similarly, the proposed HO–SSA method for the task scheduling in CC model with respect to energy is 9.68%, 5.35%, and 22.50% superior to SSA, HOA, and TSA, respectively. The proposed method outperformed the existing methods like SSA, HOA, and TSA in terms of cost, energy, degree of imbalance, makespan, speedup, and efficiency.
Published: 2024
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21. THE STONE ROOF OF THE THOLOS OF ATHENA PRONAIA IN DELPHI: STRUCTURAL HYPOTHESES STARTING FROM FRAGMENTS OF MARBLE TILES

Author: D. Aita, V. Beatini, E. Garavaglia, V. Paris, A. Pizzigoni, and L. Sgambi
Subjects: Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract: This contribution is the first step of a multi-disciplinary research project, aimed at studying the roof of the tholos of Athena Pronaia in Delphi, dating back to the first decades of the 4th century BC. The starting point of this research is the fascination exerted by the tectonic quality of the temple, comprising some complex fragments of marble tiles belonging to the roof of the tholos. Despite the number of studies on this sanctuary, the poor state of preservation and lack of original material did not allow archaeologists to perform concluding research on its original configuration, in particular with reference to the reconstruction of the roof. Aware of the complexity of this topic, this contribution aims at exploring two possibilities, namely, on the one hand, that the fragments of tiles constitute elements supported by a wooden structure, and on the other hand, that they are structural elements of a stone system subjected to compressive stresses. Our contribution intends to serve as food for thought on the need for archaeological studies to be accompanied not only by advanced surveys in the field, aimed at the precise definition of the geometry of the finds, but also by architectural and structural investigations which make it possible to verify the feasibility of the hypothetical reconstructions of the architectural elements aware of the construction techniques used in the past.
Published: 2023
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22. Design, development and application of a compact robotic transplanter with automatic seedling picking mechanism for plug-type seedlings

Author: Abhijit Khadatkar, A. P. Pandirwar, and V. Paradkar
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Automation of agricultural operation such as seedling transplanting is needed to ensure efficient as well as timely operation. Robotics is the area that needs to be focused for the future of automatic seedling transplanter. This paper presents the design, development as well as working of the robotic transplanter (RT) for plug seedlings. The developed RT consists of three systems: (1) robot initiation; (2) seedling picking mechanism (SPM); and (3) vehicle movement system (VMS). The SPM consists of a main frame, manipulator, end-effector and control unit. Whereas, the VMS is having photoelectric sensor, robot controller and DC motor. The stepper motors were mounted on the main frame for movement in XY direction. The manipulator was on the crossbar that used to move the end-effector in Z-axis. The pick-up mechanism consists of an end-effector having jaw-type gripper controlled by servo motor. The control unit consists of microchip 16F877 and the system is controlled with computer programming. The gripper moves to each seedling in the pro-tray, grasp and pick-up the seedling, moves to the delivery point and then release the seedling. The manipulator was tested and analyzed for pickup and releasing of 96 seedlings with soil base from pro-tray. The initial experimental result showed that the seedling success rate, leakage rate and successful transplanting of 30 days old chilli seedling was 95.1%, 7.6% and 90.3%, respectively. Robotic technology seems to be expensive but the scope lies in the non-availability or high cost of manual labour and to ensure timeliness of repetitive field operations.
Published: 2023
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23. Sediment quality assessment in an industrialized Greek coastal marine area (western Saronikos Gulf)

Author: G. Filippi, M. Dassenakis, V. Paraskevopoulou, and K. Lazogiannis
Subjects: Ecology, QH540-549.5, Life, QH501-531, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: Eight sediment cores from the coastal marine area of the western Saronikos Gulf have been analysed for grain size and geochemistry. The concentrations of eight metals (Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn) were measured along with total organic carbon (TOC) and carbonate content. The cores are fairly homogeneous in terms of carbonates and the downcore variability of TOC percentage (% TOC) and are characterized by high surficial values that decrease with depth. Metal concentrations from both geological (Al, Mn, Cr, Ni) and anthropogenic origin (Cu, Pb, Zn) are higher in the muddy fraction than in the sand fraction of sediments. The spatial distribution of Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb and Zn in surface sediments presents increasing concentrations from the northeast to the southwest part of the study area and from the shallow to the deeper parts in contrast to Cr and Ni, which are increased in the northern nearshore stations. Based on the vertical distributions, the metal to Al ratios of Cu, Pb and Zn show a constant decrease over depth along most cores, indicating the anthropogenic effects to surface sediments, while Fe/Al is constant. Spearman's correlation analysis performed among the fine-grain metal contents demonstrated a strong positive correlation (r>0.5, p) between Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb and Zn. The calculated enrichment factors indicate minimal to moderate pollution. The concentrations of Cr at most surface sediments are higher than the “effects range low” (ERL) value (81 mg kg−1) but below the “effects range median” (ERM) value (370 mg kg−1), and the concentrations of Ni are always higher than the ERM value (51.6 mg kg−1). In contrast, the concentrations of Cu, Pb and Zn at most surface sediments are below ERL values. The mean effects range medium quotients (mERMq) of surface sediments, based on the overall metal concentrations, indicated that the surface sediments of most cores are moderately toxic. The levels of Cr, Ni, Mn and Zn at most stations are decreased in 2017, but the concentrations of Pb and Cu are increased in 2017, compared to a previous study of 2007. The concentrations of Cu, Pb and Zn in the surface sediments of the western Saronikos Gulf are lower than levels reported for the inner Saronikos Gulf, Elefsis Bay and other polluted hotspot areas in Greece, owing to a lower degree of urban and industrial development.
Published: 2023
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24. A prognostic score to identify women at increased risk for abnormal uterine bleeding during anticoagulation for venous thromboembolism

Author: Gabrielle Sarlon-Bartoli, Juan Criado, Saskia Middeldorp, José Antonio Nieto, María del Carmen Díaz-Pedroche, Farès Moustafa, Nuria Ruiz-Giménez, Benjamin Brenner, Manuel Monreal, Pierpaolo DI Micco, Paolo Prandoni, Dominique Farge-Bancel, Raquel Barba, Pierpaolo Di Micco, Laurent Bertoletti, Sebastian Schellong, Inna Tzoran, Abilio Reis, Marijan Bosevski, Henri Bounameaux, Radovan Malý, Peter Verhamme, Joseph A. Caprini, Hanh My Bui, M.D. Adarraga, P. Agudo, C. Amado, J.I. Arcelus, A. Ballaz, J. Bascuñana, R. Barba, C. Barbagelata, M. Barrón, B. Barrón-Andrés, A. Blanco-Molina, F. Beddar Chaib, E. Botella, I. Cañas, R. Carrero-Arribas, I. Casado, P. Cerdá, L. Chasco, J. Criado, C. de Ancos, J. de Miguel, J. del Toro, P. Demelo-Rodríguez, A.M. Díaz-Brasero, M.C. Díaz-Pedroche, J.A. Díaz-Peromingo, I.M. Domínguez, A. Dubois-Silva, J.C. Escribano, F. Espósito, A.I. Farfán-Sedano, C. Falgá, C. Fernández-Capitán, B. Fernández-Jiménez, J. Fernández-Muixi, J.L. Fernández-Reyes, C. Font, I. Francisco, F. Galeano-Valle, M.A. García, F. García-Bragado, M. García de Herreros, O. Gavín-Blanco, A. Gil-Díaz, C. Gómez-Cuervo, A.M. Gómez-Mosquera, M. Gonzalez-Moreno, E. Grau, L. Guirado, J. Gutiérrez, L. Hernández-Blasco, L. Jara-Palomares, M.J. Jaras, D. Jiménez, I. Jou, M.D. Joya, B. Lacruz, S. Lainez-Justo, Latorre A, Lima J, Lobo Jl, M. López-De la Fuente, L. López-Jiménez, M. López-Meseguer, P. López-Miguel, J.J. López-Núñez, R. López-Reyes, J.B. López-Sáez, M.A. Lorente, A. Lorenzo, O. Madridano, A. Maestre, P.J. Marchena, J.M. Martín-Guerra, F. Martín-Martos, M. Mellado, E. Mena, J. Moisés, M.I. Mercado, M. Monreal, A. Muñoz-Blanco, G. Muñoz-Gamito, M.V. Morales, J.A. Nieto, E. Noguera-Gras, M.J. Núñez-Fernández, M. Olid-Velilla, J. Osorio, S. Otalora, R. Otero, D. Paredes-Ruiz, P. Parra, V. Parra, J.M. Pedrajas, M. Pérez-López, M.L. Peris, M.L. Pesce, J.A. Porras, J. Poyo-Molina, R. Puchades, A. Riera-Mestre, F. Rivera-Civico, A. Rivera-Gallego, M. Roca, V. Rosa, A. Rodríguez-Cobo, C. Rodríguez-Matute, P. Ruiz-Artacho, N. Ruiz-Giménez, J. Ruiz-Ruiz, G. Salgueiro, T. Sancho, V. Sendín, P. Sigüenza, S. Soler, B. Suárez-Rodríguez, J.M. Suriñach, G. Tiberio, M.I. Torres, A. Torres-Sánchez, J. Trujillo-Santos, F. Uresandi, E. Usandizaga, R. Valle, J.F. Varona, L. Vela, J.R. Vela, A. Villalobos, P. Villares, C. Ay, S. Nopp, I. Pabinger, M.M. Engelen, C. Martens, P. Verhamme, H.H.B. Yoo, J.D. Arguello, A.C. Montenegro, J. Roa, J. Hirmerova, R. Malý, S. Accassat, L. Bertoletti, A. Bura-Riviere, J. Catella, R. Chopard, F. Couturaud, O. Espitia, S. El Harake, R. Le Mao, I. Mahé, F. Moustafa, L. Plaisance, G. Sarlon-Bartoli, P. Suchon, E. Versini, S. Schellong, A. Braester, B. Brenner, G. Kenet, I. Tzoran, P. Sadeghipour, M. Basaglia, F. Bilora, C. Bortoluzzi, B. Brandolin, M. Ciammaichella, A. De Angelis, F. Dentali, P. Di Micco, E. Imbalzano, S. Merla, R. Pesavento, P. Prandoni, C. Siniscalchi, A. Tufano, A. Visonà, N. Vo Hong, B. Zalunardo, D. Kigitovica, E. Rusa, A. Skride, S. Fonseca, M. Manuel, J. Meireles, M. Bosevski, A. Eftimova, M. Zdraveska, H. Bounameaux, L. Mazzolai, A. Aujayeb, J.A. Caprini, I. Weinberg, and H.M. Bui
Subjects: Anticoagulants, Venous thromboembolism, Uterine bleeding, Prognostic score, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: Introduction: Little is known about the clinical characteristics of women at increased risk for abnormal uterine bleeding (UB) during anticoagulation for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods: We used the RIETE registry to identify the baseline characteristics of women developing abnormal UB during anticoagulation. We used logistic regression analysis to identify independent predictors for abnormal UB. Then, we built a prognostic score to identify at-risk women. Results: From March 2001 through October 2022, there were 54,372 women with VTE. During anticoagulation (median, 181 days), 318 (0.6%) developed abnormal UB (major bleeding = 88, clinically relevant non-major (CRNM) = 230). On multivariable analysis, women aged 70 kg, with uterine cancer, recent UB, anemia, estrogen-related VTE, or receiving rivaroxaban or apixaban were at increased risk for abnormal UB. Using the prognostic score, 42,273 women (78%) were at low-risk, 8,828 (16%) intermediate-, and 3,271 (6.1%) at high-risk for abnormal UB. Their rates of abnormal UB were: 0.28 (95%CI: 0.23–0.35), 1.32 (95%CI: 1.07–1.61) and 7.12 (95%CI: 5.98–8.41) bleeds per 100 patient-years, respectively. The c-statistic was 0.80 (95%CI: 0.77–0.83). The rates of major UB were: 0.06 (95%CI: 0.04–0.09), 0.43 (95%CI: 0.30–0.60) and 1.85 (95%CI: 1.31–2.53) per 100 patient-years, respectively (c-statistic: 0.84; 95%CI: 0.80–0.89). The rates of CRNM uterine bleeding were: 0.21 (95%CI: 0.17–0.26), 0.85 (95%CI: 0.65–1.08), and 5.02 (95%CI: 4.09–6.10) bleeds per 100 patient-years, respectively (c-statistic: 0.78; 95%CI: 0.75–0.82). Conclusions: Using 7 variables easily available at admission, we built a prognostic score that reliably identified women with VTE at increased risk for abnormal UB during anticoagulation.
Published: 2023
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25. Evaluation of real-time PCR compared to culture for the detection of clarithromycin resistant Helicobacter pylori in the Irish healthcare setting

Author: S. Molloy, T. Butler, I. Merrigan, A. Knight, V. Parihar, K. Van Der Merwe, D. McNamara, and S. Smith
Subjects: helicobacter pylori, clarithromycin, antimicrobial resistance, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, molecular methods, real-time pcr., Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Objective: Molecular methods offer a more rapid alternative for the detection of H. pylori resistance to antibiotics than traditional culture-based methods. The aim of the study was to evaluate the RIDAGENE H. pylori real-time PCR assay compared to culture-based methods for the detection of H. pylori and clarithromycin resistance using gastric biopsies. Patients and Methods: Following ethical approval and informed consent, adults were recruited prospectively from Tallaght University Hospital and Letterkenny University Hospital, Ireland, regardless of H. pylori treatment history. During routine gastroscopy, subjects had 1 antrum and 1 corpus biopsy taken for H. pylori culture and DNA extraction. Clarithromycin susceptibility testing on cultures was performed by ETEST (Biomerieux, UK). The RIDAGENE H. pylori assay (R-Biopharm AG, Germany) was used for detection of H. pylori DNA and clarithromycin resistance-associated point mutations. Results: In all, samples from 191 culture-positive patients (mean age 48.4 ± 15.3 years; 45.0% (N=86) female) were analysed. The RIDAGENE assay detected H. pylori in 100% of biopsy samples from which H. pylori was cultured. The clarithromycin resistance rate by culture was significantly higher than by real-time PCR (49.2% (N=94/191) and 38.7% (N=74/191, respectively; p=0.04; χ2 test). Results agreed between both methods in 84.3% (N=161/191) of cases. The sensitivity and specificity of the RIDAGENE assay compared to culture for the detection of clarithromycin resistance were 74.0% (95% CI: 64.0-82.4%) and 94.7% (95% CI: 88.1-98.3%), respectively. The positive predictive value was 93.4% (95% CI: 85.7-97.1%) and the negative predictive value was 78.3% (95% CI: 71.9-83.5%). Conclusions: The RIDAGENE assay detected H. pylori in all culture-positive samples. However, the low sensitivity compared to culture for clarithromycin susceptibility testing in our cohort may limit its use to cases where culture-based methods are unsuccessful. Further studies are required to fully characterise H. pylori clarithromycin resistance mechanisms in our study population.
Published: 2023
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26. Controllability of damped dynamical systems modelled by Hilfer fractional derivatives

Author: S. Naveen, R. Srilekha, S. Suganya, and V. Parthiban
Subjects: Gramian matrix, Laplace transform, Mittag-Leffler function, numerical technique, successive approximation technique, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract: In this article, we investigate the controllability of damped dynamical system modelled by Hilfer derivative of fractional order [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The Mittag-Leffler matrix function of two parameters has been used to represent the solution of Hilfer fractional problem of damped dynamical system. With the use of the Schawder fixed point theorem and the contraction mapping theorem, the existence and uniqueness of the linear and non-linear system of Hilfer dynamical control system are determined. More specifically, fractional calculus are used to provide sufficient criteria for the controllability results. Finally, examples are given to show how the key results might be justified.
Published: 2022
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27. Global Food Security and Ukraine’s Contribution to Its Provision

Author: V. PARKHOMENKO
Subjects: global food security, food, exports, grain market, armed invasion, sowing campaign, Statistics, HA1-4737
Abstract: The aim of the article is to study the essence of global food security and assess Ukraine’s contribution to its provision. The essence of the concept of “global food security” is clarified. The tasks of specialized institutions dealing with the problem of global food security are described. Ukraine’s participation in the FAO and the UN World Food Security Committee has been clarified. It has been established that the Global Food Security Index (GFSI) is used to assess food security around the world, which includes four components: food affordability, food affordability, food quality, safety an d security, natural resources and sustainability. Ukraine’s contribution to the world food market has been studied. The structure of the total merchandise exports of Ukraine was analyzed, it was found that the share of agri-food products is 40.6%, and the share of plant products is 22.8%. Ukraine’s place in world food exports is specifi ed, the geographical structure of food exports is considered. Ukraine’s contribution to food security in Africa and Asia is analyzed. The dynamics of Ukrainian grain exports to the world market has been studied. The risks and threats to global food security related to the Russian armed invasion of Ukraine are described. The USDA forecast for grain exports from Ukraine is given. The conclusion is made about the need to protect and support the production of agricultural products in Ukraine under martial law.
Published: 2022
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28. Modulation of the functional interfaces between retroviral intasomes and the human nucleosome

Author: E. Mauro, D. Lapaillerie, C. Tumiotto, C. Charlier, F. Martins, S. F. Sousa, M. Métifiot, P. Weigel, K. Yamatsugu, M. Kanai, H. Munier-Lehmann, C. Richetta, M. Maisch, J. Dutrieux, J. Batisse, M. Ruff, O. Delelis, P. Lesbats, and V. Parissi
Subjects: retrovirus, host chromatine, HIV-1, integration, nucleosome, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract: ABSTRACT Infection by retroviruses as HIV-1 requires the stable integration of their genome into the host cells. This process needs the formation of integrase (IN)-viral DNA complexes, called intasomes, and their interaction with the target DNA wrapped around nucleosomes within cell chromatin. To provide new tools to analyze this association and select drugs, we applied the AlphaLISA technology to the complex formed between the prototype foamy virus (PFV) intasome and nucleosome reconstituted on 601 Widom sequence. This system allowed us to monitor the association between both partners and select small molecules that could modulate the intasome/nucleosome association. Using this approach, drugs acting either on the DNA topology within the nucleosome or on the IN/histone tail interactions have been selected. Within these compounds, doxorubicin and histone binders calixarenes were characterized using biochemical, in silico molecular simulations and cellular approaches. These drugs were shown to inhibit both PFV and HIV-1 integration in vitro. Treatment of HIV-1-infected PBMCs with the selected molecules induces a decrease in viral infectivity and blocks the integration process. Thus, in addition to providing new information about intasome-nucleosome interaction determinants, our work also paves the way for further unedited antiviral strategies that target the final step of intasome/chromatin anchoring. IMPORTANCE In this work, we report the first monitoring of retroviral intasome/nucleosome interaction by AlphaLISA. This is the first description of the AlphaLISA application for large nucleoprotein complexes (>200 kDa) proving that this technology is suitable for molecular characterization and bimolecular inhibitor screening assays using such large complexes. Using this system, we have identified new drugs disrupting or preventing the intasome/nucleosome complex and inhibiting HIV-1 integration both in vitro and in infected cells. This first monitoring of the retroviral/intasome complex should allow the development of multiple applications including the analyses of the influence of cellular partners, the study of additional retroviral intasomes, and the determination of specific interfaces. Our work also provides the technical bases for the screening of larger libraries of drugs targeting specifically these functional nucleoprotein complexes, or additional nucleosome-partner complexes, as well as for their characterization.
Published: 2023
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29. Spectrally shaped and pulse-by-pulse multiplexed multimode squeezed states of light

Author: Tiphaine Kouadou, F. Sansavini, M. Ansquer, J. Henaff, N. Treps, and V. Parigi
Subjects: Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract: Spectral- and time-multiplexing are currently explored to generate large multipartite quantum states of light for quantum technologies. In the continuous variable approach, the deterministic generation of scalable entangled states requires the generation of a scalable number of squeezed modes. Here, we demonstrate the simultaneous generation of 21 squeezed spectral modes at the repetition rate of our laser, i.e., 156 MHz. We exploit the full repetition rate and the pulse shaping of a femtosecond light source to combine, for the first time, frequency- and time-multiplexing in multimode squeezing. This paves the way for the implementation of multipartite entangled states that are both scalable and fully reconfigurable.
Published: 2023
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30. Vented Individual Patient (VIP) Hoods for the Control of Infectious Airborne Diseases in Healthcare Facilities

Author: J. Patel, F. McGain, T. Bhatelia, S. Wang, B. Sun, J. Monty, and V. Pareek
Subjects: COVID-19, Vented individual patient hood, Airborne transmission, Healthcare worker, Infectious disease, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract: By providing a means of separating the airborne emissions of patients from the air breathed by healthcare workers (HCWs), vented individual patient (VIP) hoods, a form of local exhaust ventilation (LEV), offer a new approach to reduce hospital-acquired infection (HAI). Results from recent studies have demonstrated that, for typical patient-emitted aerosols, VIP hoods provide protection at least equivalent to that of an N95 mask. Unlike a mask, hood performance can be easily monitored and HCWs can be alerted to failure by alarms. The appropriate use of these relatively simple devices could both reduce the reliance on personal protective equipment (PPE) for infection control and provide a low-cost and energy-efficient form of protection for hospitals and clinics. Although the development and deployment of VIP hoods has been accelerated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, these devices are currently an immature technology. In this review, we describe the state of the art of VIP hoods and identify aspects in need of further development, both in terms of device design and the protocols associated with their use. The broader concept of individual patient hoods has the potential to be expanded beyond ventilation to the provision of clean conditions for individual patients and personalized control over other environmental factors such as temperature and humidity.
Published: 2022
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31. Solving an integral equation via C ⋆ $\mathscr{C}^{\star}$ -algebra-valued partial b-metrics

Author: J. Uma Maheswari, A. Anbarasan, M. Gunaseelan, V. Parvaneh, and S. Hadi Bonab
Subjects: Coupled coincidence point, Coupled fixed point, C ⋆ $\mathscr{C}^{\star}$ -algebra-valued partial b-metric space, w-compatible, Applied mathematics. Quantitative methods, T57-57.97, Analysis, QA299.6-433
Abstract: Abstract In this paper, we prove some common coupled fixed-point theorems on complete C ⋆ $\mathscr{C}^{\star}$ -algebra-valued partial b-metric spaces. Some of the well-known facts in the literature are generalized and expanded by the results shown. An example to illustrate our findings is presented. We also explore some of the applications of our key results.
Published: 2022
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32. JET machine operations in T&D-T

Author: The JET Operations Team (presented by D.B. King), E. Abdelrahman, A. Abdul Hamid, N. Abid, K. Abraham, O. Adabonyan, C. Adlam, M. Afzal, M. Akhtar, V. Aldred, S. Aldworth, S. Aleiferis, M. Ali, R. Alie, R. Allan, H. Allen, E. Alli, M. Allinson, P. Almond, J. Angus, K. Antcliffe, I. Antoniou, L. Appel, C. Appelbee, C. Aramunde, N. Archer, S. Aria, H. Arkuszynski, M. Arshad, G. Artaserse, A. Ash, C. Ashe, T. Aue, D. Auld, B. Austin, Y. Austin, C. Ayres, R.B. Morales, S. Baker, S. Bakes, I. Balboa, C. Balshaw, N. Balshaw, J. Banks, J. Banner, A. Barnard, M. Barnard, M. Baruzzo, C. Basagiannis, S. Bathe Hariyanandan, P. Batistoni, R. Baughan, P. Beaumont, D. Beckett, A. Begolli, M. Beldishevski, K. Bell, E. Belonohy, J. Bentley, J. Bernardo, M. Berry, J. Bhatt, S. Bickerton, J. Bielecki, W. Bird, D. Blackett, K. Blackman, S. Blake, P. Blatchford, A. Bleasdale, A. Boboc, J. Booth, P. Boulting, M. Bowden, C. Boyd, K. Boyd, R. Bracey, D. Brennan, A. Brett, M. Bright, M. Brix, I. Brooks, B. Brown, P. Brown, M. Brown, P. Brummitt, B. Viola, A. Buckingham, M. Buckley, J. Bumpass, M. Burford, A. Burgess, J. Burton-Sweeten, A. Busse, D. Butcher, P. Cahill, P. Camp, I. Campbell, R. Canavan, J. Cane, M. Cannon, N. Canterbury, A. Carberry, P. Card, M. Carlick, M. Carlo, P. Carman, A. Carruthers, S. Carter, I.S. Carvalho, P. Carvalho, F. Casson, D. Chalk, B. Chamberlain, P. Chauhan, A. Chow, A. Churchman, D. Ciric, M. Clark, J. Clarkson, R. Clarkson, T. Clayton, M. Cleverly, P. Coates, I. Coffey, J. Collins, S. Conroy, N.J. Conway, R. Conway, J. Cook, M. Cooke, D. Coombs, P. Cooper, S. Cooper, G. Corrigan, R. Cotterell, A. Coulson, M. Cox, S. Cox, S. Cramp, D. Craven, R. Craven, M. Crick, D. Croft, T. Cronin, Z. Cui, A. Cullen, R. Cumming, C. Cummings, A. Dal Molin, P. Dalgliesh, S. Dalley, A. Danquah, S. Davies, G. Davis, H. Dawson, K. Dawson, S. Dawson, I. Day, L. de Caires, E. de la Luna, K. Deakin, J. Deane, M. Dearing, A. Dennett, T. Dickson, J. Dobrashian, T. Dochnal, S. Dorling, D. Douai, S. Dowson, J. Drewitt, G. Drummond, P. Dumortier, R. Eade, R. Eastham, K. Eden, J. Edmond, J. Edwards, P. Edwards, H. Elamin, S. Elford, H. El-Haroun, P. Ellis, C. Elsmore, S. Emery, G. Evans, S. Evans, D. Fagan, T. Farmer, I. Farquhar, R. Felton, F. Ferner, J. Fessey, P. Finburg, G. Fishpool, L. Fittill, J. Flanagan, K. Flinders, S. Foley, M. Fontana, M. Fortune, J. Foster, C. Fowler, P. Fox, O. Franklin, R. Franklin, R. Fraser, S. French, M. Furseman, A. Gabbidon, L. Garcia, J. Garcia, M. Gardener, D. Gear, T. Gedling, S. Gee, P. Gell, R. George, S. Gerasimov, M. Gethins, Z. Ghani, L. Giacomelli, C. Gibson, V. Gilsenan, C. Giroud, R. Glen, J. Goff, C. Goodman, A. Goodyear, A. Gordon, S. Gore, S. Gosden, N. Gotts, E. Gow, W. Graham, G. Graham, M. Green, R. Gregory, R. Griffiths, T. Griffiths, F. Griph, C. Grundy, T. Grundy, D. Guard, D. Guest, C. Gurl, S. Hacquin, A. Hakola, K. Hammond, H. Harmer, P. Harper, S. Harris, D. Hart, D. Hattan, A. Haupt, J. Hawes, N. Hawkes, J. Hawkins, P. Hawkins, S. Hayes, S. Hazael, D. Heads, P. Heesterman, O. Hemming, R.B. Henriques, G. Hermon, G. Hewson, T. Hibberd, M. Hill, J. Hillesheim, I. Hirb, K. Ho, C. Hogben, A. Hollingsworth, S. Hollis, M. Hook, D. Hopley, N. Horsten, A. Horton, L.D. Horton, L. Horvath, S. Hotchin, Z. Huang, E. Hubenov, V. Huber, A. Huber, C. Huddart, T. Huddleston, T. Hunter, Y. Husain, A. Hynes, J. Ingleby, S. Ives, E. Ivings, S. Jackson, T. Jackson, P. Jacquet, N. Jayasekera, I. Jepu, D. Jezzard, E. Joffrin, R. Johnson, J. Johnston, C. Jones, E. Jones, G. Jones, L. Jones, S. Jones, T. Jones, M. Jones, A. Joyce, M. Juvonen, A. Kantor, A. Kappatou, G. Karajgikar, J. Karhunen, I. Karnowska-Paterski, E. Karsakos, G. Kaveney, G. Kay, D. Keeling, T. Keenan, R. Kelly, W. Kelly, D. Kennedy, R. Kennedy, O. Kent, K. Khan, D. King, D. Kinna, V. Kiptily, K. Kirov, G. Kneale, M. Knight, P. Knight, J. Knipe, R. Knipe, S. Knipe, P. Kochanski, D. Kos, M. Kovari, E. Kowalska-Strzęciwilk, N. Kraus, M. Kresina, B. Labit, A. Laing, V. Laksharam, N. Lam, B. Lane, C. Lane, T. Lavender, A. Lawson, K. Lawson, G. Learoyd, T. Leeson, X. Lefebvre, J. Lehmann, M. Lennholm, K. Lennon, E. Lerche, S. Lesnoj, E. Letellier, L. Lewin, J. Lewis, J. Li, G. Liddiard, E. Litherland-Smith, F. Liu, R. Lobel, J. Logan, P. Lomas, C. Long, U. Losada, C. Loveridge, T. Lowe, C. Lowry, R. Lucock, G. Lyons, J. Macdonald, P. Macheta, T. Madden, J. Maddock, C.F. Maggi, J. Mailloux, A. Manning, C. Manning, N. Mantel, A. Manzanares, S. Marsden, J. Marsh, R. Marshall, A. Martin, M. Maslov, G. Matthews, N. Mayfield, M. Mayoral, R. McAdams, L. McCafferty, P. McCullen, D. McDonald, A. McDonnell, D. McGuckin, T. McIver, V. McKay, R. McKean, L. McNamee, A. McShee, R. Meadows, D. Mederick, M. Medland, K. Meghani, A. Meigs, S. Menmuir, I. Merrigan, S. Mianowski, P. Middleton, C. Miles, J. Milnes, A. Milocco, J. Mitchell, P. Mitchell, P. Monaghan, I. Monakhov, P. Moody, R. Mooney, C. Moore, N. Mooring, L. Morgan, R. Morgan, J. Morris, O. Morton, S. Morton, P. Mulvana, S. Munot, R. Munro-Smith, K. Musgrave, R. Naish, N. Neethiraj, J. Neilson, A. Newman, S. Ng, M. Nicassio, K. Nicholls, M. Nightingale, C. Noble, R. Normington, C. Nygaard, J. O’Callaghan, R. Olney, B. O’Meara, M. O’Mullane, C. O’Neill, C. Opara, K. O’Rourke, J. Ottley, K. Otu, A. Owen, N. Pace, K. Palamartchouk, D. Paley, J. Palgrave, G. Papadopoulos, V. Parail, A. Parrott, A. Parsloe, L. Parsons, R. Parsons, A. Patel, J. Patel, A. Peacock, M. Pearce, T. Pearce, I. Pearson, J. Penzo, A. Perdas, T. Pereira, C. Perez Von Thun, D. Perry, N. Petrella, M. Peyman, N. Platt, M. Poradzinski, M. Porter, M. Porton, C. Powell, J. Pozzi, M. Price, L. Price, P. Puglia, D. Pulley, K. Purahoo, M. Rainford, A. Raj, S. Randhawa, S. Rapa, K. Ravisankar, C. Rayner, A. Read, C. Reux, S. Reynolds, V. Riccardo, L. Richiusa, D. Rigamonti, F. Rimini, J. Roberts, R. Robins, S. Robinson, T. Robinson, D. Robson, S. Romanelli, F. Rose, C. Rose-Innes, D. Rouse, S. Rowe, N. Rowland, D. Rowlands, M. Rubel, K. Sabin, R. Salmon, H. Salter, A. Sanders, E. Sanders, I. Sanders, D. Sandiford, F. Sanni, R. Sarwar, R. Sayles, C. Scaysbrook, G. Scott, D. Scraggs, S. Scully, R. Sealey, E. Searle, M. Segato, M. Sertoli, C. Shanks, R. Sharma, A. Shaw, K. Sheahan, H. Sheikh, D. Shrestha, R. Siddiqui, S. Silburn, J. Silva, D. Simfukwe, J. Simpson, M. Sinclair, A. Sips, P. Sirén, S. Skeats, N. Skinner, B. Slade, J. Slater, T. Smart, G. Smith, J. Smith, N. Smith, P. Smith, T. Smith, F. P. Smith, J. Snell, K. Snelling, K. Soare, E. Solano, A. Spelzini, C. Srinivasan, Z. Stancar, P.A. Staniec, M. Stead, R. Steadman, L. Steel, D. Steele, A. Stephen, J. Stephens, L. Stevenson, P. Stevenson, C. Steventon, L. Sticklen, M. Stojanov, S. Strikwerda, C. Stuart, G. Stubbs, N. Studd, W. Studholme, H. Sun, S. Surendran, G. Szepesi, M. Szoke, H. Tan, A. Taylor, D. Taylor, K. Taylor, A. Thingore, B. Thomas, J. Thomas, A. Thorman, A. Tilley, A. Tipton, N. Tipton, H. Todd, P. Tonner, A. Tookey, M. Towndrow, M. Tsang, E. Tsitrone, I. Turner, M. Turner, G. Tvalashvili, S. Tyrrell, A. Vadgama, D. Valcarcel, Q. Van Der Westhuizen, J. Verdon, N. Vianello, A. Vittal, Z. Vizvary, B. Wakeling, M. Walker, R. Walker, T. Wall, M. Walsh, T. Walsh, J. Walters, J. Walton, R. Walton, S. Warder, F. Warren, R. Warren, J. Waterhouse, T. Webster, G. Wells, C. Wellstood, A. West, M. Wheatley, S. Whiffin, A. Whitehead, C. Whitehead, D. Whittaker, A. Widdowson, J. Wilcox, D. Wilkins, R. Wilkins, J. Williams, M. Williams, D. Willoughby, A. Wilson, I. Wilson, T. Wilson, M. Wischmeier, P. Wise, G. Withenshaw, A. Withycombe, D. Witts, J. Witts, R. Wood, L. Woodham, C. Woodley, J. Woodley, R. Woodley, B. Woods, S. Wray, T. Xu, I. Young, R. Young, K-D. Zastrow, Y. Zayachuk, and M. Zerbini
Subjects: JET, tritium, operations, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: JET, the world’s largest operating tokamak with unique Be/W wall and tritium handling capability, completed a Deuterium-Tritium (D-T) campaign in 2021 (Maggi et al 29th Fusion Energy Conf. ) following a decade of preparatory experiments, dedicated enhancements, technical rehearsals and training (Horton et al 2016 Fusion Eng. Des. 109–111 925). Operation with tritium raises significant technical, safety and scientific challenges not encountered in standard protium or deuterium operation. This contribution describes the tritium operational requirements, pulses and technical preparations, new operating procedures, lessons learned and details on the achieved operational availability and performance. The preparation and execution of the recent JET tritium experiments benefitted from the previous experience in 1991 (Preliminary Tritium Experiment), 1997 (DTE1 campaign) and 2003 (Trace Tritium Campaigns) and consisted of the following five phases: technical rehearsals and scenario preparation, tritium commissioning, 100% tritium campaign, D-T campaign (DTE2), tritium clean-up. Following the clean-up JET resumed normal operation and is currently undertaking a further D-T campaign (DTE3).
Published: 2024
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33. The core–edge integrated neon-seeded scenario in deuterium–tritium at JET

Author: C. Giroud, I.S. Carvalho, S. Brezinsek, A. Huber, D. Keeling, J. Mailloux, R.A. Pitts, E. Lerche, R. Henriques, J. Hillesheim, K. Lawson, M. Marin, E. Pawelec, M. Sos, H.J. Sun, M. Tomes, S. Aleiferis, A. Bleasdale, M. Brix, A. Boboc, J. Bernardo, P. Carvalho, I. Coffey, S. Henderson, D.B. King, F. Rimini, M. Maslov, E. Alessi, T. Craciunescu, M. Fontana, J.M. Fontdecaba, L. Garzotti, Z. Ghani, L. Horvath, I. Jepu, J. Karhunen, D. Kos, E. Litherland-Smith, A. Meigs, S. Menmuir, R.B. Morales, S. Nowak, E. Peluso, T. Pereira, V. Parail, G. Petravich, G. Pucella, P. Puglia, D. Refy, S. Scully, M. Sertoli, S. Silburn, D. Taylor, B. Thomas, A. Tookey, Ž. Štancar, G. Szepesi, B. Viola, A. Widdowson, E. de la Luna, and JET Contributors
Subjects: JET, baseline, deuterium–tritium, detachment, neon, seeding, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: This paper reports the first experiment carried out in deuterium–tritium addressing the integration of a radiative divertor for heat-load control with good confinement. Neon seeding was carried out for the first time in a D–T plasma as part of the second D–T campaign of JET with its Be/W wall environment. The technical difficulties linked to the re-ionisation heat load are reported in T and D–T. This paper compares the impact of neon seeding on D–T plasmas and their D counterpart on the divertor detachment, localisation of the radiation, scrape-off profiles, pedestal structure, edge localised modes and global confinement.
Published: 2024
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34. Simulations of the stationary Q = 10 and the exit phase from the flat-top of an ITER 15MA baseline scenario: predictive JINTRAC simulation with a consistent treatment of D and T in the whole plasma

Author: F. Eriksson, E. Tholerus, G. Corrigan, Y. Baranov, X. Bonnin, D. Farina, L. Figini, L. Garzotti, S.H. Kim, F. Koechl, A. Loarte, E. Militello Asp, C. Olde, V. Parail, S.D. Pinches, A. Polevoi, and P. Strand
Subjects: ITER, integrated modelling, JINTRAC, scenario development, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Designing a robust termination scenario for a burning ITER plasma is a challenge that requires extensive core plasma and divertor modelling. The presented work consists of coupled core/edge/SOL/divertor simulations, performed with the JINTRAC code, to study the Q = 10 flat-top phase and exit phase of the ITER 15 MA/5.3 T DT scenario. The modelling utilizes the recently implemented option to treat deuterium and tritium separately in the SOL/divertor, enabling a consistent treatment of deuterium and tritium in the whole plasma volume, which is a unique capability of JINTRAC. In addition, these are the first JINTRAC simulations of this scenario that use a first-principles transport model to self-consistently model the ECRH power deposition and to include tungsten while keeping track of tungsten sputtering and accumulation. The flat-top simulations demonstrate the possibility of sustaining a steady state fusion Q of 10 using pure deuterium gas puffs together with DT mixed pellets, which is an option to make a more effective use of tritium. Simulations of the exit phase are set up sequentially, with each phase providing initial conditions for the next, starting with a density decay at full current and auxiliary power, and demonstrate the possibility of reducing the density robustly within a few seconds. Following the density decay, a subsequent auxiliary power ramp-down in H-mode is performed with a late H–L transition at low auxiliary power, which may provide an option for the optimization of the plasma termination. The final ramp-down phase consists of a current ramp-down in L-mode to 3.75 MA.
Published: 2024
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35. Analysis of the influence of socio-cultural factors on the development of youth entrepreneurship

Author: V. Alieva, V. Parakhina, and O. Boris
Subjects: youth entrepreneurship, development factors, barriers to start business, start-up, Economics as a science, HB71-74
Abstract: This article analyses the influence of socio-cultural factors on the entrepreneurial activity of the younger generation. In recent years, there has been a noticeable decline in the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation. During the global economic crisis, which affected our country as well, there is a growing demand for a new generation of young entrepreneurs capable of playing more active role in the economy, business and society. The development of youth business should contribute not only to the training of qualified staff, but also to the fast-track transition of the country to the innovative path in the context of digital economy formation and progression. The article aims to investigate the impact of education, values and family background on entrepreneurs. The detailed review of the relevant literature and empirical research proved that socio-cultural factors are very important for raising new entrepreneurs, creation of new enterprises and, as a result, ensuring the growth of this segment of economy.
Published: 2022
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36. Guidelines for improvement of the procedural aspects of devices and surgical instruments in the operating theatre

Author: P. G. Calò, F. Catena, D. Corsaro, L. Costantini, F. Falez, B. Moretti, V. Parrinello, E. Romanini, A. Spinarelli, F. Venneri, G. Vaccaro, and Scientific Technical Committee
Subjects: surgical site infections, SSI, surgical devices, perioperative setting, surgical instruments, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract: Surgical site infections are a major complication for patients undergoing surgical treatment and a significant cause of mortality and morbidity. Many international guidelines suggest measures for the prevention of surgical site infections (SSI) in perioperative processes and the decontamination of surgical devices and instruments. This document proposes guidelines for improving the perioperative setting in view of the devices and instrumentation required for surgical procedures, aiming to reduce contamination rates and improve clinical performance and management for patients undergoing surgical treatment. This document is intended for doctors, nurses and other practitioners involved in operating theatre procedures, resource management and clinical risk assessment processes, and the procurement, organisation, sterilisation and reprocessing of surgical instruments.
Published: 2023
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37. Electrocardiogram analysis in Anderson-Fabry disease: a valuable tool for progressive phenotypic expression tracking

Author: V. Parisi, R. Baldassarre, V. Ferrara, R. Ditaranto, F. Barlocco, R. Lillo, F. Re, G. Marchi, C. Chiti, F. Di Nicola, C. Catalano, L. Barile, M. A. Schiavo, A. Ponziani, G. Saturi, A. G. Caponetti, A. Berardini, M. Graziosi, F. Pasquale, I. Salamon, M. Ferracin, E. Nardi, I. Capelli, D. Girelli, J. R. Gimeno Blanes, M. Biffi, N. Galiè, I. Olivotto, F. Graziani, and E. Biagini
Subjects: Anderson-Fabry disease, cardiac involvement, left ventricular hyperertrophy, electrocardiogram (ECG), bundle branch block, repolarization abnormalities, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: BackgroundElectrocardiogram (ECG) has proven to be useful for early detection of cardiac involvement in Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD); however, little evidence is available on the association between ECG alterations and the progression of the disease.Aim and MethodsTo perform a cross sectional comparison of ECG abnormalities throughout different left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) severity subgroups, providing ECG patterns specific of the progressive AFD stages. 189 AFD patients from a multicenter cohort underwent comprehensive ECG analysis, echocardiography, and clinical evaluation.ResultsThe study cohort (39% males, median age 47 years, 68% classical AFD) was divided into 4 groups according to different degree of left ventricular (LV) thickness: group A ≤ 9 mm (n = 52, 28%); group B 10–14 mm (n = 76, 40%); group C 15–19 mm (n = 46, 24%); group D ≥ 20 mm (n = 15, 8%). The most frequent conduction delay was right bundle branch block (RBBB), incomplete in groups B and C (20%,22%) and complete RBBB in group D (54%, p
Published: 2023
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38. Репродуктивні права та гарантії їх забезпечення в Україні та в країнах Європи

Author: V. Parasiuk and О. Оnyshko
Subjects: репродуктивні права, дискримінація, жінки, народження дітей, репродуктивне здоров’я, статева освіта, Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence, K1-7720
Abstract: Репродуктивні права відносяться до суміжних прав і свобод людини, пов’язаних з основним правом – правом на життя та з продовженням людського роду. Вони ґрунтуються на визнанні фундаментальних прав індивідів і пари, які самостійно вирішують кількість, часові інтервали та можливі шляхи народження дітей. Репродуктивні права передбачають прийняття прокреативних рішень недискримінаційним способом без втручання суспільства, держави чи будь-яких інших суб’єктів. Еволюція репродуктивних прав показує, що на початковому етапі розвитку важливо було виявити і конкретизувати обсяг і зміст основного права, пов'язаного з рішенням батьків щодо планованої кількості дітей і часових інтервалів між їх народженням. Це основне право, яке стосується прийняття рішення про власну фертильність, тому такі права можна визначати як права на батьківство та материнство. Репродуктивні права можна також сприймати як особливий вид свободи, пов'язаної з можливістю самовизначення та права даної людини контролювати всі аспекти свого здоров'я. З цієї причини важливо забезпечити реалізацію репродуктивних прав без насильства та примусу. У цьому контексті держави необхідне створення національних механізмів для ефективної боротьби з формами сексуального насильства, включаючи домашнє насильство, сексуальну експлуатацію жінок і дівчат, сексуальне рабство та експлуатацію, примусову проституцію та сексуальні домагання, торгівлю жінками та дітьми. Насильство не повинно виправдовуватися моральними, культурними чи релігійними міркуваннями. Репродуктивні рішення повинні прийматися без дискримінації. Можливість вільного здійснення репродуктивних прав особливо важлива для жінок для зростання їх ролі в економічному та політичному житті суспільства і держави. У зв'язку з цим здатність жінки самостійно приймати рішення щодо розпорядження власним тілом, народження чи не народження дітей оцінюється як основа для здійснення жінками інших прав.
Published: 2023
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39. Crystallization pressure and radiogenic heat production in A-type granite from the Eastern Dharwar Craton, Peninsular India

Author: K. Saikrishna, R. Mallikarjuna Reddy, V. V. Sesha Sai, and V. Parashuramulu
Subjects: Crystallization pressure, Radiogenic heat production, Yelabotharam granite, Eastern Dharwar Craton, Physical geography, GB3-5030
Abstract: This paper describes the studies on the crystallization pressure and radiogenic heat production of A-type hornblende biotite granite from Yelabotharam area in the Eastern Dharwar Craton, Southern India. Field studies indicate that the Yelabotharam granite is porphyritic at places. Petrographically, the Yelabotharam granite is essentially composed of quartz, K-feldspar and plagioclase, while hornblende and biotite are the mafic phases. Zircon, apatite and Fe-Ti oxides are the accessory minerals. In the IUGS QAP diagram the rock falls within the granite field. Geochemically, the Yelabotharam granite is calc-alkaline and metaluminous in nature. In the trace element tectonic discrimination diagram the granite exhibits within plate granitoid (WPG) character indicating its anorogenic nature. The average crystallization pressure calculated on the basis of normative quartz and albite + orthoclase is 368 MPa, which is equivalent to ∼10 km emplacement depth. The Al hornblende thermobarometry yielded the pressure values ranging 301 MPa to 620 MPa and temperatures ranging 877 °C to 924 °C respectively. The reason for higher pressure estimates obtained by using the Al-in hornblende barometry, could be due to earlier crystallization of hornblende at deeper depths (∼16 km) compared to quartz and feldspars. The granite comprises of high Th (3.80–39.40 ppm) and low U (1.09–5.54 ppm) and K (3.02 - 9.13 wt%) concentrations respectively. The radiogenetic heat production (HP; 0.94 - 4.81 µWm−3), Radioactive Element Concentration (Ur 10.70–37.85 ppm) and Heat Generation Unit (HGU; an average value of 5.29 HGU) suggest that the Yelabotharam A-type granite belongs to ‘cold crust’ category, and is derived from dehydration melting of calc-alkaline granitoids in the shallow crust.
Published: 2023
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40. THE NECESSITY OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY

Author: V. Parakhina, R. Ustaev, O. Boris, G. Vorontsova, and O. Momotova
Subjects: public-private partnership, digital economy, technological development, Economics as a science, HB71-74
Abstract: The article substantiates the impossibility of expanding the strategic opportunities of socioeconomic development of the country without changing the technological structure and full compliance with the global trends of scientific and technological development. The analysis of the development of digital technology in Russia and abroad. It is shown that the use of public-private partnership (PPP) in the conditions of digitalization of the economy has, with its own peculiarity, the creation of information systems, virtual models, open information portals reflecting the promotion of PPP projects along the stages of their life cycle and their relationship with stakeholders. The main limiting factors of effective implementation and development ofjoint significant projects with the participation of the state and business on the terms of mutually beneficial cooperation are given. The main priority directions of development of modern economy are deined.
Published: 2022

41. REPUBLIC OF SOUTH OSSETIA IN SEARCH OF A MODEL OF ECONOMIC GROWTH

Author: D. Tadtaev, V. Parakhina, and O. Boris
Subjects: national economy, economic models, economic reforms, the economic mechanism, Economics as a science, HB71-74
Abstract: The variety of theories of economic growth makes it difficult to choose a fundamental model as a working tool assessing economic growth in the Republic of South Ossetia. The article states that the national economy of the Republic of South Ossetia has failed to reach its full potential, emerging from gaining state independence, for more successful development. The existing internal and external constraints are blocked intensive development of finding financial resources is especially sensitive.
Published: 2022

42. PROBLEMS OF STIMULATION OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY BY MEANS OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN MODERN CONDITIONS

Author: E. Alekhina and V. Parakhina
Subjects: nnovative activity, forms of state support of innovation, stimulation of innovation activities, public and private partnership, performance indicators, public-private partnerships and innovative activities, goals, characteristics, advantages and importance of public private partnerships to stimulate innovative activities, projects, public and private partnerships, the problems and directions of development partnerships, Economics as a science, HB71-74
Abstract: He article describes various forms of state support for innovation, substantiates the relevance of finding directions to stimulate innovation in General and the development ofpublic and private partnership as one of the effective ways to stimulate innovation in particular. The key concepts on the research topic are revealed, the importance of public private partnership (PPP) for stimulating innovation in modern conditions is determined, the goals, signs and advantages of PPP are outlined, as well as the problems of implementing public private partnership, the directions of building a partnership to stimulate innovation in modern conditions are proposed. The interrelation of PPP eficiency indicators and innovation activity efficiency in the region is revealed. The conclusion is made regarding the efficiency of PPP application for innovative activity of enterprises of various branches of economic activity.
Published: 2022

43. ON THE SPECIFICS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN PRACTICE

Author: R. Ustaev, V. Parakhina, and Z. Shalashaa
Subjects: public-private partnership, models, tools, russian andforeign experience, international cooperation between russia and abkhazia, Economics as a science, HB71-74
Abstract: The article examines the importance of public-private partnership at the current stage of development of the Russian economy. The basic features of the public-private partnership system in a number of leading countries of the world are studied. The specifics of the development of public-private partnership in the Russian Federation are studied, with the identification of General models of this partnership, taking into account the goals and nature of the tasks required for implementation. The importance of developing and using public-private partnership mechanisms in the economy of Abkhazia aimed at improving investment processes, attracting additional resources and improving the quality of services provided in the socio-cultural sphere is emphasized. Potential development opportunities in the sphere of public-private partnership within the framework of international cooperation between Russia and Abkhazia are highlighted. The most common mechanisms and tools used in the implementation of public-private partnership in a number of leading countries of the world are highlighted. The main parameters that influence the choice of public-private partnership model are identiied.
Published: 2022

44. DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRESSIVE FORMS AND WAYS TO STIMULATE INNOVATION IN MODERN CONDITIONS

Author: E. Alekhina and V. Parakhina
Subjects: innovative activity, innovations, stimulation of innovative activity, progressive forms and methods of stimulation, importance of application of progressive forms and methods of stimulation of innovative activity, Economics as a science, HB71-74
Abstract: The article substantiates the relevance of finding progressive forms and ways to stimulate innovation in modern conditions. The importance of the use ofprogressive forms and methods ofstimulating innovation in the economy of the country is determined. The author focuses on the study of progressive forms and ways to stimulate innovation, characterized the reasons for not high innovation activity of most modern enterprises. The results of the analysis of forms and methods of stimulation of innovative activity applied within the framework of already developed projects and programs are described. The conclusion is made about the importance of the chosen tools for stimulating innovation activity depending on a number of parameters such as the type of economic activity, the level of motivation of senior staff, the structure of the enterprise and other aspects.
Published: 2022

45. DEVELOPMENT OF TOOLS IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP MODELS, PRIORITY FROM THE STANDPOINT OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

Author: V. Parakhina, O. Momotova, G. Vorontsova, O. Boris, and R. Ustaev
Subjects: public-private partnership, models, tools, international cooperation, Economics as a science, HB71-74
Abstract: On the basis of a retrospective analysis of the Russian and Abkhaz legislation, the article substantiates the possibility of using and developing tools for public-private partnership in the context of international cooperation between the two states. The authors draw conclusions and proposals on the specifics of this interaction between government and business in relation to projects in the field of information technology in Russia and Abkhazia. Structural analysis and dynamic analysis of the ranks in the market of Russian public-private partnership projects indicated the expediency of heating the market and made it possible to formulate directions for the development of tools in public-private partnership models, priority from the standpoint of international cooperation of Russia and Abkhazia.
Published: 2022
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46. Business Processes in the Transport and Logistics in Economic Operation of the Enterprise

Author: V. PARKHOMENKO and К. CHARYEV
Subjects: transport and logistics system, business processes, management, performance indicators., Statistics, HA1-4737
Abstract: Because the transport and logistics system (TLS) of the business enterprise is exposed to obvious and hidden high risks for the owners, its business processes need effective management throughout the value added chain. The purpose of the article is to present theoretical and methodological justification of TLS operation at enterprise level from the perspective of integrated management of business processes involved in the transport and logistics services. The article focuses on elaborating and constructing a diagram of the three-vector approach to building up TLS in the business enterprise, based on the compliance with the regulatory norms (national and international regulatory framework, intramural regulations, compliance with contract terms), risk orientation (economic forecasting of TLS performance, optimization of TLS capacities, analysis of contracting parties operation, computerization of business processes, economic projecting and strategic management), and client orientation (high quality of the provided services, infrastructure improvements, free competition, effective marketing, rationalization of supply chains, provision of guarantees; price policy). It is proposed to group the key business processes involved in TLS by transport and logistics activities, with account to the activity specifics and size of the enterprise, terms of service delivery and other factors of value added creation. A set of indicators for performance assessment of TLS is constructed, classified in the following groups: quality of transport services, efficiency of freight transport, business indicators of diagnostics of the transport activities as a component of the logistics system, assessment of logistics rules, transport efficiency. These indicators will provide an effective tool for performance assessment of TLS at enterprise level.
Published: 2022
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47. Experimental Optical Simulator of Reconfigurable and Complex Quantum Environment

Author: P. Renault, J. Nokkala, G. Roeland, N.Y. Joly, R. Zambrini, S. Maniscalco, J. Piilo, N. Treps, and V. Parigi
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Computer software, QA76.75-76.765
Abstract: No quantum system can be considered totally isolated from its environment. In most cases the interaction between the system of interest and the external degrees of freedom deeply changes its dynamics, as described by open quantum system theory. Nevertheless engineered environment can be turned into beneficial effects for some quantum information tasks. Here we demonstrate an optical simulator of a quantum system coupled to an arbitrary and reconfigurable environment built as a complex network of quantum interacting systems. We experimentally retrieve typical features of open quantum system dynamics like the spectral density and quantum non-Markovianity, by exploiting squeezing and entanglement correlation of a continuous-variable optical platform. This opens the way to the experimental tests of open quantum systems in reconfigurable environments that are relevant in, among others, quantum information, quantum thermodynamics, quantum transport, and quantum synchronization.
Published: 2023
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48. DETECTION OF SRY OF NEWBORN RABBITS MENT FOR XENOIMPLANTATES

Author: ALICA RAFAYOVÁ, ANNA TRAKOVICKÁ, V. PARKÁNYI, and A. KOVÁČIK
Subjects: sex – detection, sry, rabbit, Agriculture, Technology, Science
Abstract: The aim of this study was sex-detection of nexborn rabbits with molecular-genetics analyses of SRY (specific region of Y chromosome) sequence. This region is present only in male animals, in females is missing. We analysed 16 newborn rabbits (native in two litters of females lines P91 and M91) by using polymerase chain reaction with specific primers. PCR product was visualised at 3% agarose gel. SRY – PCR fragment (242 bp) was detected in 8 animals, 8 animals had no fragment present. All young were evaluated according to outer genitals at 3 weeks of age. This technology provides partly selective tool for categorization of the females and males in further reproductive process. Both sexes of newborn rabbits can be used for control of production of special enzymes under genetic control of the gonosomes and also in human medicine for aplication of xenoimplatates
Published: 2023

49. Problems and Prospects of Cross-Border Cooperation in Ukraine

Author: V. PARKHOMENKO
Subjects: cross-border cooperation, euroregion, neighborhood programs, border regions, cross-border clusters., Statistics, HA1-4737
Abstract: The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of cross-border cooperation in Ukraine, characterize the main problems and outline the prospects for its development. The article considers the importance of cross-border cooperation for Ukraine, which consists in the possibility of solving common economic, cultural and environmental problems with the border regions of neighboring countries, attracting foreign capital, creating new jobs, equalizing territorial disparities in development. The history of formation of cross-border cooperation in the country is analyzed. It was found that the first Euroregion in Ukraine, the Carpathian one, was established in 1993, and in 1996 Ukraine became a member of the Tacis CBC Cross-Border Cooperation Program. The composition of the legal framework for the regulation of cross-border cooperation is studied, the conclusion is made about the declarative nature of state programs for its development. The problems hindering the development of cross-border cooperation in Ukraine are described. The main ones are the following: insufficient financial support for the implementation of cross-border cooperation projects and programs; insufficient level of project management quality at the level of subjects and participants of cross-border cooperation; inefficient use of borrowed funds; lack of official statistical information in the field of cross-border cooperation. Perspective directions of development of cross-border cooperation in Ukraine are outlined, among which it is necessary to allocate: creation of the uniform scientifically substantiated concept of cross-border cooperation of Ukraine with the EU member states which would consider the general European and national priorities; developing a clear mechanism for raising funds at the national level to ensure cross-border cooperation programs; improving existing mechanisms for obtaining and using EU technical assistance; intensification of formation and development of cross-border clusters.
Published: 2021

50. Is peritoneal dialysis suitable technique CKD patients over 65 years? A prospective multicenter study

Author: Jose Portolés, Almudena Vega, Enrique Lacoba, Paula López-Sánchez, Mario Botella, Claudia Yuste, Catalina Martín Cleary, Sandra Sanz Ballesteros, Silvia González Sanchidrian, Luisa Sánchez García, Agustín Carreño, M. Auxiliadora Bajo, Darío Janeiro, A. Tato, Bernal Molano, C. Martín Cleary, A. Escribano, J. Vian, S. Sanz Ballesteros, A. Vega, A. Martínez, J. Campos, M.A. Bajo, G. Del Peso, J.R. Rodríguez Palomares, A. Carreño, C. Felipe, A. Perpén, M.J. Hernández, F. Moreno, L. Sánchez García, M. Rivera Gorrín, A. Burguera, M.J. Fernández-Reyes, A. Rodríguez, C. Hevia, M. Lorenzo, V. Paraíso, S. González Sanchidrián, F. Tornero, E. Hernández, M. Ortega, B. Campos Gutiérrez, J. Benito, O. Ortega, J.C. Herrero, and M.S. Pizarro
Subjects: Edad avanzada, Diálisis peritoneal, Mortalidad, Peritonitis, Fragilidad, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Abstract: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing in patients older than 65 years and is related to morbidity, frailty, and dependence. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) has classically been associated with young patients with an active life. Hypothesis: PD should be offered to patients over 65 years. We search for any unfavorable results that may advice not to recommend PD therapy for this group. Objective: To describe PD treatment and outcomes in patients > 65 years, to compare their results with patients < 65 years and to identify areas with room for improvement in a real-life study. Study: Prospective, observational, and multicenter study performed in incident PD patients, from January 2003 until January 2018. Results: We included 2,435 PD patients, 31.9% were older than 65 years; there was a difference of 25 years between both groups. Median follow up was 2.1 years. Older than 65 years group had more comorbidity: Diabetes (29.5% vs 17.2%; p < 0.001), previous CV events 34.5% vs 14.0%; p < 0.001), Charlson index (3.8 vs 3.0; p < 0.001).We did not find differences in efficacy and PD adequacy objectives fulfillment, anaemia management or blood pressure during follow-up. Peritonitis rate was higher in older 65 years group (0.65 vs 0.45 episodes/patient/year; p < 0.001), but there was not differences in germs, admission rate and follow up. Mortality was higher in older 65 years group (28.4% vs 9.4%) as expected. PD permanence probability was similar (2.1 years). The main cause of PD withdrawal was transplant in group < 65 years (48.3%) and transfer to HD in group > 65 years. The main reason was caregiver or patient fatigue (20.2%), and not technique failure (7.3%).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed a relation (HR [95%CI]) between mortality and age > 65 years 2.4 [1.9-3.0]; DM 1.6 [1.3-2.1]; CV events 2.1 [1.7-2.7]. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identify a relation between technique failure and age > 65 years 1.5 [1.3-1.9]; DM 1.6 [1.3-1.9] and previous transplant 1.5 [1.2-2.0]. Conclusion: Patients older than 65 years fulfilled PD adequacy criteria during the follow up. We believe PD is a valid option for patients older 65 years. It is necessary to try to prevent infections and patient/caregiver fatigue, to avoid HD transfer for reasons not related to technique failure. Resumen: Escenario: La prevalencia de enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) aumenta en población mayor de 65 años y asocia morbilidad, dependencia y fragilidad. La diálisis peritoneal (DP) se ha considerado una técnica de paciente joven y vida active. Hipótesis: La DP puede ser adecuada en pacientes de edad avanzada. Buscamos resultados desfavorables que contravengan esta hipótesis. Objetivo: Describir el tratamiento con DP en mayores de 65 años, evaluar su evolución clínica comparada con los menores de 65 e identificar áreas de mejora asistencial. Estudio: Prospectivo, observacional y multicéntrico en incidentes en DP, seguimiento hasta evento o fin del estudio (ene-2003 a ene-2018). Resultados: Se incluyen 2.435 pacientes; el 31,9% (777) eran mayores de 65 años. El tiempo medio de seguimiento fue de 2,1 años para ambos grupos. El grupo de edad avanzada era 25 años mayor, con más comorbilidad: diabetes (29,5% vs. 17,2%; p < 0,001), evento CV previo (34,5% vs. 14,0%; p < 0,001) e índice de Charlson sin edad (3,8 vs. 3,0; p < 0,001). No encontramos diferencias en cumplimiento de objetivos intermedios de eficacia de DP, control de anemia o hipertensión durante el seguimiento. La tasa de peritonitis fue mayor en la cohorte mayor de 65 años (0,65 vs. 0,45 episodios/paciente-año; p < 0,001), aunque la distribución gérmenes, tasa de ingreso y evolución final fue similar en ambos grupos. Lógicamente, registramos mayor mortalidad en el grupo mayor de 65 años (28,4% vs. 9,4%), aunque el tiempo de permanencia en DP fue similar (2,1 años). La principal causa de salida fue el trasplante renal en jóvenes (48,3%), mientras que en los pacientes de mayor edad fue el paso a hemodiálisis, principalmente por cansancio de cuidador/autocuidado (20,2%) y no por fallo de la técnica (7,3%). El análisis multivariante por regresión de Cox identifica los factores de riesgo para mortalidad con los siguientes HR [IC 95%]: Edad > 65: 2,4 [1,9-3,0]; DM: 1,6 [1,3–2,1]; CV: 2,1 [1,7–2,7]. Y para el evento fallo de la técnica y paso a HD: Edad > 65: 1,5 [1,3–1,9]; DM: 1,6 [1,3–1,9]; trasplante renal previo: 1,5 [1,2-2,0]. Conclusión: Los pacientes mayores de 65 años cumplen los objetivos de calidad intermedios y se mantienen en DP el tiempo suficiente como para seguir ofertando esta técnica. Es necesario mejorar la prevención de infecciones y del agotamiento del paciente/cuidador con medidas de soporte para evitar la transferencia a HD por causas ajenas a las complicaciones de la técnica.
Published: 2021
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