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1. Should I trust you? Investigating trustworthiness judgements of painful facial expressions

Author

Van der Biest, M, Cracco, E, Riva, P, Valentini, E, Van der Biest M., Cracco E., Riva P., Valentini E., Van der Biest, M, Cracco, E, Riva, P, Valentini, E, Van der Biest M., Cracco E., Riva P., and Valentini E.

Abstract

Past research indicates that patients' reports of pain are often met with skepticism and that observers tend to underestimate patients' pain. The mechanisms behind these biases are not yet fully understood. One relevant domain of inquiry is the interaction between the emotional valence of a stranger's expression and the onlooker's trustworthiness judgment. The emotion overgeneralization hypothesis posits that when facial cues of valence are clear, individuals displaying negative expressions (e.g., disgust) are perceived as less trustworthy than those showing positive facial expressions (e.g., happiness). Accordingly, we hypothesized that facial expressions of pain (like disgust) would be judged more untrustworthy than facial expressions of happiness. In two separate studies, we measured trustworthiness judgments of four different facial expressions (i.e., neutral, happiness, pain, and disgust), displayed by both computer-generated and real faces, via both explicit self-reported ratings (Study 1) and implicit motor trajectories in a trustworthiness categorization task (Study 2). Ratings and categorization findings partly support our hypotheses. Our results reveal for the first time that when judging strangers' facial expressions, both negative expressions were perceived as more untrustworthy than happy expressions. They also indicate that facial expressions of pain are perceived as untrustworthy as disgust expressions, at least for computer-generated faces. These findings are relevant to the clinical setting because they highlight how overgeneralization of emotional facial expressions may subtend an early perceptual bias exerted by the patient's emotional facial cues onto the clinician's cognitive appraisal process.

Published
2023

6. A bottom-up practitioner-derived set of Essential Variables for Protected Area management

Author

Hummel, H., Kalle, V., Bienfait, L., Boyer, Y., Heurich, M., Svajda, J., Adamescu, M., Cazacu, C., Medina, F.M., Morkune, R., Razinkovas-Baziukas, A., Poursanidis, D., Tasevska, O., Al Malla, A., Stritih, A., Rossi, C., Arenas-Castro, S., Carvalho-Santos, C., Smit, I.P.J., Valentini, E., Xuan, A.N., Orenstein, D., Provenzale, A., De Wit, R., Hummel, C., Hummel, H., Kalle, V., Bienfait, L., Boyer, Y., Heurich, M., Svajda, J., Adamescu, M., Cazacu, C., Medina, F.M., Morkune, R., Razinkovas-Baziukas, A., Poursanidis, D., Tasevska, O., Al Malla, A., Stritih, A., Rossi, C., Arenas-Castro, S., Carvalho-Santos, C., Smit, I.P.J., Valentini, E., Xuan, A.N., Orenstein, D., Provenzale, A., De Wit, R., and Hummel, C.

Abstract

Assessing the environmental status of Protected Areas (PAs) is a challenging issue. To indicate that status, the identification of a common set of variables that are scientifically sound, and easy to assess and monitor by the PA practitioners, is particularly important. In this study, a set of 27 Essential Variables (EVs) for PA management was selected in a bottom-up process from 67 harmonised variables that describe the status of Ecosystem Functions and Structures, Ecosystem Services, and Threats in PAs. This bottom-up process involved 27 internationally recognised PAs, mostly European, with different level of protection, different extent, and a wide range of human-nature interactions. The EVs were selected by more than 120 practitioners, i.e. PA managers and rangers, as well as scientists, working in terrestrial and aquatic PAs. Across both terrestrial and aquatic PAs, scientists and practitioners largely identified the same variables as important. Data availability for these 27 EVs varied between PAs and averaged 67% across all studied PAs. As this set of EVs for PAs is defined through a bottom-up approach considering variables already in use both in management and research, it is more than for previous EVs likely to be adopted, applied and developed to record the status and changes in the ecological and socio-economic conditions of PAs and to forecast future changes. Thereby, the EVs for PAs present a common vocabulary and tool to enhance in a uniform way the (inter)national communication, exchange and comparison of information on the status of PAs between policy makers, scientists and PA managers. The perceived status of the EVs, on an average 3.6 on a scale to a maximum of 5, indicates the surveyed PAs are in a moderate to good environmental condition. Moreover, the EVs for PAs form a cost- and time-efficient tool for PA managers to monitor developments in essential elements of their PAs, including the potential for Societal Goods and Benefits (SG&B), and to (

Published
2022

7. A bottom-up practitioner-derived set of Essential Variables for Protected Area management

Author

Hummel H.[1, Kalle V.[1], Bienfait L.[1], Boyer Y.[3], Heurich M.[5], Svajda J.[6], Adamescu M.[7], Cazacu C.[7], Medina F.M.[8], Mork?n? R.[9], Razinkovas-Baziukas A.[9], Poursanidis D.[10], Tasevska O.[11], Al Malla A.[12], Stritih A.[13, 14], Rossi C.[15], Arenas-Castro S.[16], Carvalho-Santos C.[16, 17], Smit I.P.J.[18, 19], Valentini E.[20, 21], Xuan A.N.[21], Orenstein D.[22], Provenzale A.[23], de Wit R.[3], Hummel C.[1, MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Essential variables, Ecosystem services, Protected areas, Ecosystem functions, Threats, Bottom-up procedure, Stakeholders, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, essential variables, ecosystem services, protected areas, ecosystem functions, threats, bottom-up procedure, stakeholders, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Assessing the environmental status of Protected Areas (PAs) is a challenging issue. To indicate that status, the identification of a common set of variables that are scientifically sound, and easy to assess and monitor by the PA practitioners, is particularly important. In this study, a set of 27 Essential Variables (EVs) for PA management was selected in a bottom-up process from 67 harmonised variables that describe the status of Ecosystem Functions and Structures, Ecosystem Services, and Threats in PAs. This bottom-up process involved 27 internationally recognised PAs, mostly European, with different level of protection, different extent, and a wide range of human-nature interactions. The EVs were selected by more than 120 practitioners, i.e. PA managers and rangers, as well as scientists, working in terrestrial and aquatic PAs. Across both terrestrial and aquatic PAs, scientists and practitioners largely identified the same variables as important. Data availability for these 27 EVs varied between PAs and av eraged 67% across all studied PAs. As this set of EVs for PAs is defined through a bottom-up approach considering variables already in use both in management and research, it is more than for previous EVs likely to be adopted, applied and developed to record the status and changes in the ecological and socio-economic conditions of PAs and to forecast future changes. Thereby, the EVs for PAs present a common vocabulary and tool to enhance in a uniform way the (inter)national communication, exchange and comparison of information on the status of PAs between policy makers, scientists and PA managers. The perceived status of the EVs, on an average 3.6 on a scale to a maximum of 5, indicates the surveyed PAs are in a moderate to good environmental condition. Moreover, the EVs for PAs form a cost- and time-efficient tool for PA managers to monitor developments in essential elements of their PAs, including the potential for Societal Goods and Benefits (SG&B), and to (pro-)actively tackle the potential threats that may arise in their area. Likewise, for policy makers EVs for PAs may support decision making on ecosystem management, spatial planning, and predictive modelling on the future status and requirements of PAs in their country or region., Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 14

Published
2022
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9. Sentinel for applications in agriculture

Author

Gomarasca, M, Tornato, A, Spizzichino, D, Valentini, E, Taramelli, A, Satalino, G, Vincini, M, Boschetti, M, Colombo, R, Rossi, L, Mondino, E, Perotti, L, Alberto, W, Villa, F, Gomarasca M. A., Tornato A., Spizzichino D., Valentini E., Taramelli A., Satalino G., Vincini M., Boschetti M., Colombo R., Rossi L., Mondino E. B., Perotti L., Alberto W., Villa F., Gomarasca, M, Tornato, A, Spizzichino, D, Valentini, E, Taramelli, A, Satalino, G, Vincini, M, Boschetti, M, Colombo, R, Rossi, L, Mondino, E, Perotti, L, Alberto, W, Villa, F, Gomarasca M. A., Tornato A., Spizzichino D., Valentini E., Taramelli A., Satalino G., Vincini M., Boschetti M., Colombo R., Rossi L., Mondino E. B., Perotti L., Alberto W., and Villa F.

Abstract

The European Union and the European Space Agency (EU/ESA) have promoted since 1998 (Baveno Manifesto*) the GMES Programme (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security), nowadays called Copernicus (www.copernicus.eu). In the agriculture domain, the use of Copernicus Sentinel imagery and its services are providing several new opportunities. The knowledge of fundamentals of Earth Observation/Geographic Information EO/GI, namely Geomatics, for the development of innovative strategies for professional skills adequacy and capacity building, supporting Copernicus user uptake, becomes mandatory (Gomarasca, 2009). The target is to help bridging gaps between supply and demand of education and training for geospatial sector (www.eo4geo.eu). The innovative and strategical novelties are the complete free access to Sentinel time series imagery and digital image processing software “Sentinel toolboxes” such as SNAP (Sentinel Application Platform) for different environments (Windows, Mac, Unix). The paper introduce topics as crop mapping and monitoring, biophysical parameters, phenology and yield estimations, through several concluded or ongoing international projects such as: ERMES -FP7 (http://www.ermes-fp7space.eu/it/homepage/, Busetto et al. 2017) and SATURNO (https://www.progettosaturno.it/, Nutini et al., 2018) devoted to the regional agricultural monitoring. As conclusion, SNAP software for image processing of Sentinel data was demonstrated and tested together with Earth Engine software for specific vertical agriculture applications. The topics reported in this paper have been part of the Summer School 'Sentinel for Applications in Agriculture' supported by the Copernicus programme, several scientific associations (AIT, ASITA, EARSeL - European Association of Remote Sensing Laboratories), the European Erasmus+ project EO4GEO, University Departments and Geo-Information Companies.

Published
2019

10. PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY IN BARIATRIC SURGERY: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN A GENERAL HOSPITAL

Author

Giulietti, C., GIULIA MENCULINI, Brufani, F., Barbi, M., Valentini, E., Pomili, G., Pierotti, V., Paganelli, M. T., Moretti, P., and Tortorella, A.

Subjects
psychiatric disorders, bariatric surgery, feeding and eating disorders, comorbidity, personality disorders, feeding and eating disorders comorbidity
Abstract

Background: Candidates for bariatric surgery undergo a multidisciplinary evaluation in the pre-operative phase, including a psychiatric visit aimed at the screening for psychiatric comorbidities, including feeding and eating disorders (FEDs), which are shortcomings to the intervention or predictors of worse prognosis. The presence of FEDs, such as Binge Eating Disorder (BED) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN), is associated with higher rates of other psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, there is evidence of the association between obesity and Depressive Disorders, as well as B and C Cluster Personality Disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of psychiatric comorbidities among a population of candidates for bariatric surgery. Subjects and methods: Subjects were recruited at the outpatient service of the Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation of the General Hospital/University of Perugia after being referred by surgeons. Psychiatric comorbidities were investigated by means of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders. Subjects underwent specific assessment with scales for the evaluation of FEDs, namely Binge Eating Scale, Obesity Questionnaire, Bulimia Test-Revised and Body Shape Questionnaire. Results: The sample consisted of 101 subjects: 43 (42.6%) were diagnosed with at least one psychiatric disorder, including FEDs. In particular, 30 subjects (29.7%) presented at least one FED, among which the most frequent were FED not otherwise specified (24.1%) and BED (6.8%). Moreover, 26 subjects (25.7%) were diagnosed with at least one psychiatric disorder other than FEDs, such as Personality Disorders (17.1%), with a higher prevalence of B and C Cluster Disorders. Depressive Disorders were detected in 5% of the sample. Conclusions: Subjects undergoing bariatric surgery often display psychiatric comorbidities, more frequently one or more FEDs. The systematic screening of these conditions should be implemented in the clinical practice in order to provide early intervention strategies and adequate monitoring.

Published
2021

12. La tutela del lavoro

Author

Giasanti, L, Cassibba, F, Leone, C, Rivello, P, Ruggiero, G, Lorenzetto, E, Valentini, E, Anetrini, G, Parlato, L, Agostini, L, Lanzi, M, Santoriello, C, Bronzo, P, Giasanti, L, Cassibba, F, Leone, C, Rivello, P, Ruggiero, G, Lorenzetto, E, Valentini, E, Anetrini, G, Parlato, L, Agostini, L, Lanzi, M, Santoriello, C, and Bronzo, P

Published
2019

13. The effect of triple therapy on the mortality of catastrophic anti-phospholipid syndrome patients

Author

Rodríguez-Pintó, I. Espinosa, G. Erkan, D. Shoenfeld, Y. Cervera, R. Piette, J.C. Jacek, M. Roca, B. Tektonidou, M. Moutsopoulos, H. Boffa, J. Chapman, J. Stojanovich, L. Veloso, M.P. Praprotnik, S. Traub, B. Levy, R. Daryl, T. Tan, D. Boffa, M.C. Makatsaria, A. Ruano, M. Allievi, A. You, W. Khamastha, M. Hughes, S. Nilzete, L. Menendez Suso, J. Pacheco, J. Boriotti, M.F. Dias, C. Pangtey, G. Miller, S. Policepatil, S. Larissa, L. Marjatta, S. Carolyn, S. Noortje, T. Reiner, K. Arteaga, S. Leilani, T. Langsford, D. Niedzwiecki, M. Queyrel, V. Moroti-Constantinescu, R. Romero, C. Jeremic, K. Urbano, A. Hurtado-García, R. Kumar Das, A. Costedoat-Chalumeau, N. Yngvar, F. Gomez-Puerta, J.A. de Meigs, E. Smith, J.P. Zakharova, E. Nayer, A. Douglas, W. Lyndsey, R. Blanco, V. Vicent, C. Natalya, K. Damian, L. Valentini, E. Giula, B. Casal Moura, M. Loperena, O.A. Susan, Y.R. Imbert, G.G. Almasri, H. Hospach, T. Mouna, B. Robles, A. Wilson, H. Guisado, P. Ruiz, R. Rodriguez, J. CAPS Registry Project Group

Abstract

Objectives. The objective of this study was to assess the effect that triple therapy (anticoagulation plus CS plus plasma exchange and/or IVIGs) has on the mortality risk of patients with catastrophic APS (CAPS) included in the CAPS Registry. Methods. Patients from the CAPS Registry were grouped based on their treatments: triple therapy; drugs included in the triple therapy but in different combinations; and none of the treatments included in the triple therapy. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare mortality risk between groups. Results. The CAPS Registry cohort included 525 episodes of CAPS accounting for 502 patients. After excluding 54 episodes (10.3%), a total of 471 patients with CAPS were included [mean (S.D.) age 38.5 years (17); 68.2% female primary APS patients 62%]. Overall, 174 (36.9%) patients died. Triple therapy was prescribed in 189 episodes (40.1%), other combinations in 270 (57.3%) and none of those treatments in 12 episodes (2.5%); the mortality rate in the three groups was 28.6, 41.1 and 75%, respectively. Triple therapy was positively associated with a higher chance of survival when compared with non-treatment [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 9.7, 95% CI: 2.3, 40.6] or treatment with other combinations of drugs included in the triple therapy (adjusted OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.6). No statistical differences were found between patients that received triple therapy with plasma exchange or IVIGs (P = 0.92). Conclusion. Triple therapy is independently associated with a higher survival rate among patients with CAPS. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology.

Published
2018

14. SENTINEL FOR APPLICATIONS IN AGRICULTURE

Author

Gomarasca, M. A., primary, Tornato, A., additional, Spizzichino, D., additional, Valentini, E., additional, Taramelli, A., additional, Satalino, G., additional, Vincini, M., additional, Boschetti, M., additional, Colombo, R., additional, Rossi, L., additional, Borgogno Mondino, E., additional, Perotti, L., additional, Alberto, W., additional, and Villa, F., additional

Published
2019
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16. Indications of dynamic effects on scaling relationships between channel sinuosity and vegetation patch size across a salt marsh platform

Author

Taramelli, A., Valentini, E., Cornacchia, L., Monbaliu, J., Sabbe, K., Taramelli, A., Valentini, E., Cornacchia, L., Monbaliu, J., and Sabbe, K.

Abstract

Salt marshes are important coastal areas that consist of a vegetated intertidal marsh platform and a drainage network of tidal channels. How salt marshes and their drainage networks develop is not fully understood, but it has been shown that the biogeomorphic interactions and feedbacks between vegetation development and channel formation play an important role. We examined the relationships among tidal channel sinuosity, marsh elevation and roughness, vegetation type (pioneer, Elymus athericus or Phragmites australis) and patch size at different spatial scales using a high‐resolution vegetation map (derived from aerial photography) and lower‐resolution satellite imagery processed with linear spectral mixture analysis (LSMA). The patch size distribution in all vegetation types corresponded to a power law, suggesting the presence of self‐organizational processes. While small vegetation patches are more dominant in pioneer vegetation, they were present in all vegetation types. The largest patch size is restricted to E. athericus. We observed an inverse logarithmic relationship between channel sinuosity and vegetation patch size in all vegetation types. The fact that this relationship is observed in both pioneer and later successional stages suggests that after the establishment of a drainage network in the dynamic pioneer stages of salt marsh development, the later stages of salt marsh succession largely inherit the meandering pattern of the early successional stages. Our study confirms recent evidence that no significant changes in the specific features of tidal channel networks (e.g., channel width, drainage density and efficiency) take place during the later stages of salt marsh development.

Published
2018

17. Le modifiche alla disciplina della partecipazione a distanza

Author

Buzzelli, S, Capone, A, Cassibba, F, Fiorio, C, Illuminati, G, Lavarini, B, Perini, C, Quattrocolo, S, Todaro, G, Valentini, E, Vicoli, D, Voena, G.P, Giuliani, L, Orlandi, R, Buzzelli, S, Capone, A, Cassibba, F, Fiorio, C, Illuminati, G, Lavarini, B, Perini, C, Quattrocolo, S, Todaro, G, Valentini, E, Vicoli, D, Voena, G.P, Giuliani, L, and Orlandi, R

Abstract

Il lavoro, dopo aver tracciato brevemente la storia legislativa, considera l'espansione notevole del sistema di videoconferenze, valuta le possibili limitazioni al diritto di difesa e, infine, si sofferma sulla necessità di un ripensamento globale.

Published
2018

18. Extra-articular rheumatoid arthritis

Author

Marcucci, E., primary, Bartoloni, E., additional, Alunno, A., additional, Leone, M.C., additional, Cafaro, G., additional, Luccioli, F., additional, Valentini, V., additional, Valentini, E., additional, La Paglia, G.M.C., additional, Bonifacio, A.F., additional, and Gerli, R., additional

Published
2018
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19. Gli studenti

Author

Morcellini, M, Rossi, P, Valentini, E, Decataldo, A, Decataldo, A., Morcellini, M, Rossi, P, Valentini, E, Decataldo, A, and Decataldo, A.

Abstract

Questo contributo intende dare conto delle trasformazioni del bacino di utenza del sistema italiano di higher education nel decennio 2005-2015, periodo che è stato caratterizzato da un lato dai primi effetti netti della cosiddetta grande riforma degli ordinamenti (d.m. 509/1999) e dall’altro dall’esplosione di una grave crisi economica che, tra le varie conseguenze, ha prodotto un consistente taglio della spesa pubblica, soprattutto nel settore dell’istruzione. Il capitolo si articola in un paragrafo introduttivo, cinque paragrafi di analisi dei dati e uno conclusivo di discussione. Il primo paragrafo di analisi dei dati dà conto dell’andamento delle immatricolazioni e delle iscrizioni nel periodo in analisi (e, tangenzialmente, degli abbandoni di percorso). Il successivo descrive la mobilità geografica dei nostri studenti al fine di individuare potenziali flussi migratori della formazione. Il terzo dà conto della formazione scolastica pregressa, che, come noto, include due elementi (tipo di diploma in primis, ma anche voto di diploma) in grado di determinare, almeno parzialmente, gli esiti dei percorsi universitari. In seguito, si esplorano i diversi tipi di formazione prescelti dagli studenti e, all’interno di questi, la durata delle carriere. I dati presentati fanno riferimento alla banca dati Anagrafe Nazionale Studenti del Miur e sono stati consultati a maggio 2016.

Published
2017

23. Effetti del raggio di raccordo al fondo foro nella analisi delle tensioni residue con il metodo della rosetta forata

Author

SCAFIDI, Michele, ZUCCARELLO, Bernardo, VALENTINI E, SCAFIDI M, VALENTINI E, and ZUCCARELLO B

Subjects
Settore ING-IND/14 - Progettazione Meccanica E Costruzione Di Macchine, tensioni residue, metodo della rosetta forata, metodo integrale, BEM
Abstract

Il metodo della rosetta forata è una delle tecniche di analisi delle tensioni residue più utilizzati in campo industriale. Il metodo è abbastanza accurato per tensioni costanti, mentre nel caso di tensioni variabili nello spessore del componente esaminato diverse cause di incertezza devono essere attentamente esaminate. Poiché nella valutazione numerica dei coefficienti di influenza il foro è considerato perfettamente cilindrico e privo di raccordo, una sorgente di errore è costituita dal raggio di raccordo al fondo foro. In questa memoria viene studiato l’effetto che il raggio di raccordo ha sulle deformazioni misurate e sulle tensioni calcolate. E’ cosi mostrato come anche piccoli raggi di raccordo possono essere causa di errori significativi sulle tensioni calcolate. Inoltre, è proposto un metodo semplice di correzione degli errori sulle tensioni calcolate.

Published
2007

39. Titoli di credito in generale e titoli cambiari (diritto internazionale privato)

Author

Alpa, G, Baratta, R, Bargelli, E, Bartolini, A, Brutti, N, Camon, A, Cannone, A, Caputo Nassetti, F, Carinci, F, Corsi, C, Damascelli, D, Di Marzio, F, Di Paolo, G, Focarelli, C, Giglioni, F, Jeva, M, Torre, M, Lo Faro, A, Lucchini Guastalla, E, Marongiu Buonaiuti, F, Mastroianni, R, Menghini, L, Montanara, G, Morviducci, C, Nascimbene, B, Pagliantini, S, Santoro, V, Trapassi, L, Triggiani, E, Troiano, S, Valentini, E, Veneziani, B, Villata, F, Vogliotti, M, Breccia, U, Cheli, E, Costi, R, Falzea, A, Grossi, P, Morbidelli, G, Orlandi, R, Rusciano, M, Villani, U, Honorati, C, HONORATI, COSTANZA, Alpa, G, Baratta, R, Bargelli, E, Bartolini, A, Brutti, N, Camon, A, Cannone, A, Caputo Nassetti, F, Carinci, F, Corsi, C, Damascelli, D, Di Marzio, F, Di Paolo, G, Focarelli, C, Giglioni, F, Jeva, M, Torre, M, Lo Faro, A, Lucchini Guastalla, E, Marongiu Buonaiuti, F, Mastroianni, R, Menghini, L, Montanara, G, Morviducci, C, Nascimbene, B, Pagliantini, S, Santoro, V, Trapassi, L, Triggiani, E, Troiano, S, Valentini, E, Veneziani, B, Villata, F, Vogliotti, M, Breccia, U, Cheli, E, Costi, R, Falzea, A, Grossi, P, Morbidelli, G, Orlandi, R, Rusciano, M, Villani, U, Honorati, C, and HONORATI, COSTANZA

Published
2013

40. 'Pricing Discretion and Price-cap Regulation'

Author

Iozzi, A, Sestini, R, and Valentini, E

Subjects
Settore SECS-P/03 - Scienza delle Finanze, Settore SECS-P/01 - Economia Politica, Settore SECS-P/02 - Politica Economica, Settore SECS-P/06 - Economia Applicata
Published
2002

41. Cognitive aspects of nociception and pain. Bridging neurophysiology with cognitive psychology

Author

UCL - SSS/IONS/COSY - Systems & cognitive Neuroscience, Legrain, Valéry, Mancini, F., Sambo, C.F., Torta, D.M., Ronga, I., Valentini, E., UCL - SSS/IONS/COSY - Systems & cognitive Neuroscience, Legrain, Valéry, Mancini, F., Sambo, C.F., Torta, D.M., Ronga, I., and Valentini, E.

Abstract

The event-related brain potentials (ERPs) elicited by nociceptive stimuli are largely influenced by vigilance, emotion, alertness, and attention. Studies that specifically investigated the effects of cognition on nociceptive ERPs support the idea that most of these ERP components can be regarded as the neurophysiological indexes of the processes underlying detection and orientation of attention toward the eliciting stimulus. Such detection is determined both by the salience of the stimulus that makes it pop out from the environmental context (bottom-up capture of attention) and by its relevance according to the subject's goals and motivation (top-down attentional control). The fact that nociceptive ERPs are largely influenced by information from other sensory modalities such as vision and proprioception, as well as from motor preparation, suggests that these ERPs reflect a cortical system involved in the detection of potentially meaningful stimuli for the body, with the purpose to respond adequately to potential threats. In such a theoretical framework, pain is seen as an epiphenomenon of warning processes, encoded in multimodal and multiframe representations of the body, well suited to guide defensive actions. The findings here reviewed highlight that the ERPs elicited by selective activation of nociceptors may reflect an attentional gain apt to bridge a coherent perception of salient sensory events with action selection processes.

Published
2012

46. Evaluación de la calidad de los reactivos que se utilizan en la tecnica de contrainmunoelectroforesis para la determinación de anticuerpos antirrábicos

Author

Díaz, A. M., Albas, A., Valentini, E. J. G., and Perdomo, G.

Subjects
Serología, Rabia, Contrainmunoelectroforesis
Abstract

En este estudio se comprobó que el Instituto Butantan produce antígenos y sueros indicadores que se pueden utilizar con éxito en la prueba de contrainmunoelectroforesis para titular anticuerpos antirrábicos en personas inmunizadas. No se pudieron demostrar diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los resultados de las pruebas de estandarización realizadas en el Instituto Butantan y las pruebas de control de referencia llevadas a cabo en el Centro Panamericano de Zoonosis. Se propone que el Instituto Butantan produzca y distribuya a nivel nacional los reactivos para que los laboratorios de diagnóstico apliquen la técnica de contrainmunoelectroforesis para la determinación de anticuerpos antirrábicos. This study demonstrated that the antigens and indicator sera produced by the Butantan Institute may be employed with success in the counterimmunoelectrophoresis technique for the titration of rabies antibodies in sera from immunized individuals. No statistically significant differences were demonstrated between the results obtained in the standardization tests carried out at the Butantan Institute and the reference control tests performed at the Pan American Zoonoses Center. It is proposed that the Butantan Institute be in charge of the production and distribution of these reagents at the national level.

Published
1991

49. Copernicus Sentinel Missions for Water Resources

Author

Gomarasca, Mario Angelo, Giardino, Claudia, Bresciani, Mariano, De Carolis, Giacomo, Sandu, C., Tonolo, F.G., Tornato, A., Spizzichino, D., Valentini, E., and Taramelli, A.

Subjects
13. Climate action, 7. Clean energy
Abstract

Presentation at IconSpace 2019, Malaysia The European Union and the European Space Agency (EU/ESA) have promoted since 1998 (Baveno Manifesto*) the GMES Programme (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security), nowadays called Copernicus (www.copernicus.eu). In the water quality domain, the use of Copernicus Sentinel missions and services improvements occur studying chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations, phycocyanin (PC), total suspended matter (TSM), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and water surface temperature, with attention to the Cost/Benefit analysis (environmental and economic). The fundamentals of Earth Observation (EO), Geographic Information (GI) and Geomatics techniques, are crucial for the development of innovative strategies for professional skills adequacy and capacity building [1], supporting Copernicus user uptake. One of the main goal is to help bridging gaps between supply and demand in terms of education and training for the geospatial sector, reinforcing the existing academic proposal, fostering the uptake and the integration of Copernicus geospatial data and services in end-user applications (www.eo4geo.eu). Referring to the water resources domain, topics to be included in Summer Schools training course are: atmospheric correction, optical properties, algorithms to retrieve water quality information. The outcomes of several concluded or ongoing international projects (H2020 EOMORES, Earth Observation based services for Monitoring and Reporting of Ecological Status, and ESA - SEOM SEN2CORAL) should be also taken into account, being aimed at developing commercial services for monitoring the quality of inland and coastal water bodies and to improve processing algorithms. Such activities are supported by innovative and strategical novelties like the complete free access to the imagery archives of the Copernicus Sentinel missions and the availability of the dedicated data processing software SNAP (SeNtinel Application Platform). Additionally, cloud-based solution embedding global archive catalogues (e.g. Google Earth Engine) enables planetary-scale geospatial analyses, allowing real world scenarios to be operationally tackled.

50. Copernicus Sentinel Missions for Water Resources

Author

Gomarasca, Mario Angelo, Giardino, Claudia, Bresciani, Mariano, De Carolis, Giacomo, Sandu, C., Tonolo, F.G., Tornato, A., Spizzichino, D., Valentini, E., and Taramelli, A.

Subjects
13. Climate action, 7. Clean energy
Abstract

Presentation at IconSpace 2019, Malaysia The European Union and the European Space Agency (EU/ESA) have promoted since 1998 (Baveno Manifesto*) the GMES Programme (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security), nowadays called Copernicus (www.copernicus.eu). In the water quality domain, the use of Copernicus Sentinel missions and services improvements occur studying chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations, phycocyanin (PC), total suspended matter (TSM), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and water surface temperature, with attention to the Cost/Benefit analysis (environmental and economic). The fundamentals of Earth Observation (EO), Geographic Information (GI) and Geomatics techniques, are crucial for the development of innovative strategies for professional skills adequacy and capacity building [1], supporting Copernicus user uptake. One of the main goal is to help bridging gaps between supply and demand in terms of education and training for the geospatial sector, reinforcing the existing academic proposal, fostering the uptake and the integration of Copernicus geospatial data and services in end-user applications (www.eo4geo.eu). Referring to the water resources domain, topics to be included in Summer Schools training course are: atmospheric correction, optical properties, algorithms to retrieve water quality information. The outcomes of several concluded or ongoing international projects (H2020 EOMORES, Earth Observation based services for Monitoring and Reporting of Ecological Status, and ESA - SEOM SEN2CORAL) should be also taken into account, being aimed at developing commercial services for monitoring the quality of inland and coastal water bodies and to improve processing algorithms. Such activities are supported by innovative and strategical novelties like the complete free access to the imagery archives of the Copernicus Sentinel missions and the availability of the dedicated data processing software SNAP (SeNtinel Application Platform). Additionally, cloud-based solution embedding global archive catalogues (e.g. Google Earth Engine) enables planetary-scale geospatial analyses, allowing real world scenarios to be operationally tackled.

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