22 results on '"Vinicius Guzzoni"'
Search Results
2. Nox2 Inhibition Regulates Stress Response and Mitigates Skeletal Muscle Fiber Atrophy during Simulated Microgravity
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John M. Lawler, Jeffrey M. Hord, Pat Ryan, Dylan Holly, Mariana Janini Gomes, Dinah Rodriguez, Vinicius Guzzoni, Erika Garcia-Villatoro, Chase Green, Yang Lee, Sarah Little, Marcela Garcia, Lorrie Hill, Mary-Catherine Brooks, Matthew S. Lawler, Nicolette Keys, Amin Mohajeri, and Khaled Y. Kamal
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NADPH oxidase ,oxidative stress ,unloading ,atrophy ,skeletal muscle ,HSP70 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Insufficient stress response and elevated oxidative stress can contribute to skeletal muscle atrophy during mechanical unloading (e.g., spaceflight and bedrest). Perturbations in heat shock proteins (e.g., HSP70), antioxidant enzymes, and sarcolemmal neuronal nitric oxidase synthase (nNOS) have been linked to unloading-induced atrophy. We recently discovered that the sarcolemmal NADPH oxidase-2 complex (Nox2) is elevated during unloading, downstream of angiotensin II receptor 1, and concomitant with atrophy. Here, we hypothesized that peptidyl inhibition of Nox2 would attenuate disruption of HSP70, MnSOD, and sarcolemmal nNOS during unloading, and thus muscle fiber atrophy. F344 rats were divided into control (CON), hindlimb unloaded (HU), and hindlimb unloaded +7.5 mg/kg/day gp91ds-tat (HUG) groups. Unloading-induced elevation of the Nox2 subunit p67phox-positive staining was mitigated by gp91ds-tat. HSP70 protein abundance was significantly lower in HU muscles, but not HUG. MnSOD decreased with unloading; however, MnSOD was not rescued by gp91ds-tat. In contrast, Nox2 inhibition protected against unloading suppression of the antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2. nNOS bioactivity was reduced by HU, an effect abrogated by Nox2 inhibition. Unloading-induced soleus fiber atrophy was significantly attenuated by gp91ds-tat. These data establish a causal role for Nox2 in unloading-induced muscle atrophy, linked to preservation of HSP70, Nrf2, and sarcolemmal nNOS.
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- 2021
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3. Effect of Resistance Training on Extracellular Matrix Adaptations in Skeletal Muscle of Older Rats
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Vinicius Guzzoni, Manoel B. T. Ribeiro, Gisele N. Lopes, Rita de Cássia Marqueti, Rosângela V. de Andrade, Heloisa S. Selistre-de-Araujo, and João L. Q. Durigan
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resistance training ,aging ,skeletal muscle ,connective tissue ,gene expression ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Accumulation of connective tissue, particularly extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, has been observed in skeletal muscles with advancing age. Resistance training (RT) has been widely recommended to attenuate age-induced sarcopenia, even though its effects on the components that control ECM turnover in skeletal muscles remain to be elucidated. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of RT on connective tissue content and gene expression of key components of ECM in the skeletal muscles of aged rats. Young (3 mo.) and older (21 mo.) adult male Wistar rats were submitted to a RT protocol (ladder climbing with 65, 85, 95, and 100% load), 3 times a week for 12 weeks. Forty-eight hours post-training, the soleus (SOL) and gastrocnemius (GAS) muscles were dissected for histological and mRNA analysis. RT mitigated the age-associated increase of connective tissue content in both muscles, even though mRNA levels of COL-1 and−3 were elevated in older trained rats. Overall, RT significantly elevated the gene expression of key components of connective tissue deposition (TGFβ and CTGF; MMP-2 and-9; TIMP-1 and−2) in the GAS and SOL muscles of older rats. In conclusion, RT blunted the age-induced accumulation of connective tissue concomitant to the upregulation of genes related to synthesis and degradation of the ECM network in the SOL and GAS muscles of older rats. Although our findings indicate that RT plays a crucial role reducing connective tissue accumulation in aged hindlimb muscles, key components of ECM turnover were paradoxically elevated. The phenotypic responses induced by RT were not accompanied by the gene expression of those components related to ECM turnover.
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- 2018
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4. Effects of Resistance Training on Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity in Skeletal Muscles and Blood Circulation During Aging
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Ivo V. de Sousa Neto, João L. Q. Durigan, Vinicius Guzzoni, Ramires A. Tibana, Jonato Prestes, Heloisa S. Selistre de Araujo, and Rita de Cássia Marqueti
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aging ,extracellular matrix ,muscle remodeling ,matrix metallopeptidase ,exercise training ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Aging is a complex, multifactorial process characterized by the accumulation of deleterious effects, including biochemical adaptations of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) on metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) activity in skeletal muscles and, MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in the blood circulation of young and old rats. Twenty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7 per group): young sedentary (YS); young trained (YT), old sedentary (OS), and old trained (OT). The stair climbing RT consisted of one training session every 2 other day, with 8–12 dynamic movements per climb. The animals were euthanized 48 h after the end of the experimental period. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity was measured by zymography. There was higher active MMP-2 activity in the lateral gastrocnemius and flexor digitorum profundus muscles in the OT group when compared to the OS, YS, and YT groups (p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, there was higher active MMP-2 activity in the medial gastrocnemius muscle in the OT group when compared to the YS and YT groups (p ≤ 0.001). The YS group presented lower active MMP-2 activity in the soleus muscle than the YT, OS, OT groups (p ≤ 0.001). With respect to active MMP-2/9 activity in the bloodstream, the OT group displayed significantly reduced activity (p ≤ 0.001) when compared to YS and YT groups. In conclusion, RT up-regulates MMP-2 activity in aging muscles, while down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the blood circulation, suggesting that it may be a useful tool for the maintenance of ECM remodeling.
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- 2018
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5. Tendon Remodeling in Response to Resistance Training, Anabolic Androgenic Steroids and Aging
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Vinicius Guzzoni, Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre-de-Araújo, and Rita de Cássia Marqueti
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tendon ,resistance training ,anabolic androgenic steroids ,aging ,extracellular matrix ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Exercise training (ET), anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), and aging are potential factors that affect tendon homeostasis, particularly extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. The goal of this review is to aggregate findings regarding the effects of resistance training (RT), AAS, and aging on tendon homeostasis. Data were gathered from our studies regarding the impact of RT, AAS, and aging on the calcaneal tendon (CT) of rats. We demonstrated a series of detrimental effects of AAS and aging on functional and biomechanical parameters, including the volume density of blood vessel cells, adipose tissue cells, tendon calcification, collagen content, the regulation of the major proteins related to the metabolic/development processes of tendons, and ECM remodeling. Conversely, RT seems to mitigate age-related tendon dysfunction. Our results suggest that AAS combined with high-intensity RT exert harmful effects on ECM remodeling, and also instigate molecular and biomechanical adaptations in the CT. Moreover, we provide further information regarding the harmful effects of AAS on tendons at a transcriptional level, and demonstrate the beneficial effects of RT against the age-induced tendon adaptations of rats. Our studies might contribute in terms of clinical approaches in favor of the benefits of ET against tendinopathy conditions, and provide a warning on the harmful effects of the misuse of AAS on tendon development.
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- 2018
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6. Role of gut microbiota in SARS-CoV-2 infection and the beneficial effects of probiotics on the management of the disease
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Lívia Bruni de Souza, Vinicius Guzzoni, and Tatiana Sousa Cunha
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General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to show information about the effects of probiotics on inflammatory and Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) balance, and their potential therapeutic role in the management of COVID-19. Methodology: This is a narrative literature review and the databases used were Google Scholar and Medline/Pubmed. Results: Some components of the intestinal microbiota, including Coprobacillus, Clostridium ramosum, Morganella morganii, and Streptococcus infantile were identified as positively correlated with the severity of the disease, while Faecalibacterium prausnitzii showed a negative correlation with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Probiotics emerge as a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of inflammatory conditions due to their effects on the maintenance of gastrointestinal integrity and repair properties. More specifically, probiotics from Bifidobacterium e Lactobacillus genus show benefits in the management of respiratory diseases and might enhance vaccine immunogenicity. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates the complementary therapeutic potential of probiotics in the treatment of respiratory infections, such as COVID-19. Beyond that, considering the diversity of probiotic strains, the evaluations already carried out and the data available in the literature, the present study points to the need for complementary studies to understand the mechanisms related to the effects of probiotics on COVID-19.
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- 2022
7. Nox2 signaling and muscle fiber remodeling are attenuated by losartan administration during skeletal muscle unloading
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Yang Lee, Katherine R. Farris, John M. Lawler, Marcela M. Garcia, Vinicius Guzzoni, Matthew S. Lawler, and Jeffrey M. Hord
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Male ,neuronal nitric oxide synthase ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,Muscle Fibers, Skeletal ,Hindlimb ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Losartan ,03 medical and health sciences ,skeletal muscle atrophy ,0302 clinical medicine ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Antihypertensive Agents ,Original Research ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,NADPH oxidase ,Sarcolemma ,biology ,hindlimb unloading ,Skeletal muscle ,musculoskeletal system ,Angiotensin II ,Rats ,Disease Models, Animal ,Muscular Atrophy ,Oxidative Stress ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Hindlimb Suspension ,chemistry ,Angiotensin II type 1 receptor ,NADPH Oxidase 2 ,cardiovascular system ,biology.protein ,NADPH oxidase‐2 ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Signal Transduction ,circulatory and respiratory physiology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Reduced mechanical loading results in atrophy of skeletal muscle fibers. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) are causal in sarcolemmal dislocation of nNOS and FoxO3a activation. The Nox2 isoform of NADPH oxidase and mitochondria release ROS during disuse in skeletal muscle. Activation of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) can elicit Nox2 complex formation. The AT1R blocker losartan was used to test the hypothesis that AT1R activation drives Nox2 assembly, nNOS dislocation, FoxO3a activation, and thus alterations in morphology in the unloaded rat soleus. Male Fischer 344 rats were divided into four groups: ambulatory control (CON), ambulatory + losartan (40 mg kg−1 day−1) (CONL), 7 days of tail‐traction hindlimb unloading (HU), and HU + losartan (HUL). Losartan attenuated unloading‐induced loss of muscle fiber cross‐sectional area (CSA) and fiber‐type shift. Losartan mitigated unloading‐induced elevation of ROS levels and upregulation of Nox2. Furthermore, AT1R blockade abrogated nNOS dislocation away from the sarcolemma and elevation of nuclear FoxO3a. We conclude that AT1R blockade attenuates disuse remodeling by inhibiting Nox2, thereby lessening nNOS dislocation and activation of FoxO3a., Angiotensin receptor blockade (ARB) reduced unloading‐induced atrophy of skeletal muscle. Losartan mitigated assembly of the Nox2 complex, and thus oxidative stress ARB attenuated loss of sarcolemmal nNOSµ and nuclear levels of FoxO3a.
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- 2021
8. Resistance training regulates gene expression of molecules associated with intramyocellular lipids, glucose signaling and fiber size in old rats
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João Luiz Quagliotti Durigan, Manoel Benício Teixeira Ribeiro, Heloisa S. Selistre-de-Araujo, Vinicius Guzzoni, Rosângela Vieira de Andrade, Jeffrey M. Hord, Rita de Cássia Marqueti, and Giselle Nunes Lopes
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multidisciplinary ,Anabolism ,lcsh:R ,Skeletal muscle ,lcsh:Medicine ,Myostatin ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,MyoD ,Article ,Muscle hypertrophy ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Sarcopenia ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Glucose homeostasis ,lcsh:Q ,Intramyocellular lipids ,lcsh:Science - Abstract
Sarcopenia is a complex multifactorial process, some of which involves fat infiltration. Intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation is postulated to play a role on sarcopenia during aging, which is believed to be due alterations in glucose homeostasis in the skeletal muscle. Sarcopenia, along with intramuscular lipids, is associated with physical inactivity. Resistance training (RT) has been indicated to minimize the age-induced muscle skeletal adaptations. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of RT on mRNA levels of regulatory components related to intramyocellular lipid, glucose metabolism and fiber size in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles of aged rats. Old male rats were submitted to RT (ladder climbing, progressive load, 3 times a week for 12 weeks). Age-induced accumulation of IMCL was attenuated by RT, which was linked to a PPARy-mediated mechanism, concomitant to enhanced regulatory components of glucose homeostasis (GLUT-4, G6PDH, Hk-2 and Gly-Syn-1). These responses were also linked to decreased catabolic (TNF-α, TWEAK/Fn14 axis; FOXO-1, Atrogin-1 and MuRF1; Myostatin) and increased anabolic intracellular pathways (IGF-1-mTOR-p70S6sk-1 axis; MyoD) in muscles of trained aged rats. Our results point out the importance of RT on modulation of gene expression of intracellular regulators related to age-induced morphological and metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle.
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- 2017
9. Resistance training minimizes the biomechanical effects of aging in three different rat tendons
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Adriana Frias Renner, Vinicius Guzzoni, Jeeser Alves de Almeida, Rita de Cássia Marqueti, Heloisa S. Selistre-de-Araujo, Paulo Eugênio Silva, João Luiz Quagliotti Durigan, Wilson Romero Nakagaki, and Fábio Boghi
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Strength training ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Urology ,Tendons ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Rats, Wistar ,Flexor tendon ,Tendon stiffness ,business.industry ,Rehabilitation ,Resistance training ,Biomechanics ,Resistance Training ,030229 sport sciences ,Anatomy ,musculoskeletal system ,Biomechanical Phenomena ,Tendon ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,business ,Aged rat - Abstract
Aging process is characterized by a decline in the organism functionality, especially in the decrease of muscle function, which also affects tendons. On the other hand, the resistance training (RT) has been used as an important tool to increase muscle and tendineous function during aging. Thus, this study aim has been to verify the effects of RT on the biomechanical properties of three different aged rat tendons. For this purpose, 20 wistar rats have been divided into four groups (5 rats per group): young sedentary (YS), trained (YT), old sedentary (OS) and old trained (OT). The RT has been performed through climb protocol for 12 weeks. After RT, the calcaneal tendon (CT), superficial flexor tendon (SFT) and deep flexor tendon (DFT) have been used for analysis. The results indicate that the RT in aged rats can prevent tendon function decrease (p
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- 2017
10. Author Correction: Resistance training regulates gene expression of molecules associated with intramyocellular lipids, glucose signaling and fiber size in old rats
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Rita de Cássia Marqueti, Vinicius Guzzoni, Giselle Nunes Lopes, Rosângela Vieira de Andrade, Heloisa S. Selistre-de-Araujo, Manoel Benício Teixeira Ribeiro, João Luiz Quagliotti Durigan, and Jeffrey M. Hord
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Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Muscle Fibers, Skeletal ,lcsh:Medicine ,Glucose signaling ,Internal medicine ,Gene expression ,medicine ,Animals ,RNA, Messenger ,Intramyocellular lipids ,lcsh:Science ,Author Correction ,Cell Size ,Adipogenesis ,Multidisciplinary ,Chemistry ,lcsh:R ,Body Weight ,Resistance training ,Resistance Training ,Fiber size ,Hypertrophy ,Lipids ,Rats ,Glucose ,Endocrinology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,lcsh:Q ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Sarcopenia is a complex multifactorial process, some of which involves fat infiltration. Intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation is postulated to play a role on sarcopenia during aging, which is believed to be due alterations in glucose homeostasis in the skeletal muscle. Sarcopenia, along with intramuscular lipids, is associated with physical inactivity. Resistance training (RT) has been indicated to minimize the age-induced muscle skeletal adaptations. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of RT on mRNA levels of regulatory components related to intramyocellular lipid, glucose metabolism and fiber size in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles of aged rats. Old male rats were submitted to RT (ladder climbing, progressive load, 3 times a week for 12 weeks). Age-induced accumulation of IMCL was attenuated by RT, which was linked to a PPARy-mediated mechanism, concomitant to enhanced regulatory components of glucose homeostasis (GLUT-4, G6PDH, Hk-2 and Gly-Syn-1). These responses were also linked to decreased catabolic (TNF-α, TWEAK/Fn14 axis; FOXO-1, Atrogin-1 and MuRF1; Myostatin) and increased anabolic intracellular pathways (IGF-1-mTOR-p70S6sk-1 axis; MyoD) in muscles of trained aged rats. Our results point out the importance of RT on modulation of gene expression of intracellular regulators related to age-induced morphological and metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle.
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- 2019
11. Intense resistance training induces pronounced metabolic stress and impairs hypertrophic response in hind-limb muscles of rats
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Larissa Briet, Rodrigo Wagner Alves de Souza, Fernanda Regina Carani, Maeli Dal-Pai-Silva, Fernanda Klein Marcondes, Tatiana Sousa Cunha, Rafaela Costa, Kleiton Augusto Santos Silva, Vinicius Guzzoni, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Univ Fed Paraiba, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Univ Missouri, and Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,Rest ,Muscle Fibers, Skeletal ,Skeletal muscle hypertrophy ,Hindlimb ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Random Allocation ,0302 clinical medicine ,Corticosterone ,Stress, Physiological ,Internal medicine ,Physical Conditioning, Animal ,Medicine ,Animals ,Metabolic Stress ,skeletal muscle ,Rats, Wistar ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Rest (music) ,lactate ,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems ,business.industry ,exercise volume ,Resistance training ,Skeletal muscle ,Resistance Training ,Hypertrophy ,rest intervals ,Adaptation, Physiological ,030227 psychiatry ,Rats ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,jump-training ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-04T12:37:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-04-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Skeletal muscle hypertrophy is an exercise-induced adaptation, particularly in resistance training (RT) programs that use large volumes and low loads. However, evidence regarding the role of rest intervals on metabolic stress and muscular adaptations is inconclusive. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of a strenuous RT model (jump-training) on skeletal muscle adaptations and metabolic stress, considering the scarce information about RT models for rats. We hypothesized that jump-training induces metabolic stress and influences negatively the growth of soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of rats. Male Wistar rats (aged 60 days) were randomly assigned to non-trained or trained groups (n = 8/group). Trained rats performed jump-training during 5 days a week for 1, 3, or 5 weeks with 30 s of inter-set rest intervals. Forty-eight hours after the experimental period, rats were euthanized and blood samples immediately drawn to measure creatine kinase activity, lactate and corticosterone concentrations. Muscle weight-to-body weight ratio (MW/BW), cross-sectional area (CSA) and myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform expression were determined. Higher lactate levels occurred after 20 min of training in weeks 1 and 3. Corticosterone levels were higher after 5 weeks of training. Jump-training had negative effects on hypertrophy of types-I and II muscle fibers after 5 weeks of training, as evidenced by decreased CSA and reduced muscle weight. Our results demonstrated that pronounced metabolic stress and impairment of muscle growth might take place when variables of exercise training are not appropriately manipulated. Lay summary Resistance training (RT) has been used to increase muscle mass. In this regard, training variables (intensity, volume, and frequency) must be strictly controlled in order to evoke substantial muscular fitness. This study shows that rats submitted to 5 weeks of intensive resistance jump-training - high intensity, large volume, and short rest intervals - present high levels of blood corticosterone associated with negative effects on hypertrophy of types-I and II muscle fibers. Univ Estadual Campinas, Piracicaba Dent Sch, Dept Physiol Sci, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Paraiba, Dept Cellular & Mol Biol, Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Campinas, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Inst Biosci, Dept Morphol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Med, Columbia, MO 65212 USA Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sci & Technol Inst, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Inst Biosci, Dept Morphol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2005/60284-6
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- 2019
12. Nox2 Inhibition Regulates Stress Response and Mitigates Skeletal Muscle Fiber Atrophy during Simulated Microgravity
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Mariana Janini Gomes, Nicolette Keys, John M. Lawler, Chase Green, Yang Lee, Sarah E Little, Matthew S. Lawler, Dylan Holly, Lorrie Hill, Khaled Y. Kamal, Marcela M. Garcia, Erika L Garcia-Villatoro, Vinicius Guzzoni, Pat Ryan, Amin Mohajeri, Mary-Catherine Brooks, Dinah A Rodriguez, and Jeffrey M. Hord
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MnSOD ,0301 basic medicine ,Muscle Fibers, Skeletal ,HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins ,Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I ,Hindlimb ,medicine.disease_cause ,lcsh:Chemistry ,0302 clinical medicine ,oxidative stress ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,HSP70 ,Spectroscopy ,NADPH oxidase ,biology ,Chemistry ,musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology ,General Medicine ,musculoskeletal system ,Muscle atrophy ,Computer Science Applications ,Muscular Atrophy ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,NADPH Oxidase 2 ,cardiovascular system ,medicine.symptom ,Protein Binding ,medicine.medical_specialty ,nNOS ,Models, Biological ,Article ,Nrf2 ,Catalysis ,Inorganic Chemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Atrophy ,atrophy ,Stress, Physiological ,Heat shock protein ,Internal medicine ,unloading ,medicine ,Animals ,skeletal muscle ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Molecular Biology ,Weightlessness ,Organic Chemistry ,Skeletal muscle ,medicine.disease ,Rats ,Hsp70 ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,Multiprotein Complexes ,biology.protein ,Biomarkers ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Insufficient stress response and elevated oxidative stress can contribute to skeletal muscle atrophy during mechanical unloading (e.g., spaceflight and bedrest). Perturbations in heat shock proteins (e.g., HSP70), antioxidant enzymes, and sarcolemmal neuronal nitric oxidase synthase (nNOS) have been linked to unloading-induced atrophy. We recently discovered that the sarcolemmal NADPH oxidase-2 complex (Nox2) is elevated during unloading, downstream of angiotensin II receptor 1, and concomitant with atrophy. Here, we hypothesized that peptidyl inhibition of Nox2 would attenuate disruption of HSP70, MnSOD, and sarcolemmal nNOS during unloading, and thus muscle fiber atrophy. F344 rats were divided into control (CON), hindlimb unloaded (HU), and hindlimb unloaded +7.5 mg/kg/day gp91ds-tat (HUG) groups. Unloading-induced elevation of the Nox2 subunit p67phox-positive staining was mitigated by gp91ds-tat. HSP70 protein abundance was significantly lower in HU muscles, but not HUG. MnSOD decreased with unloading, however, MnSOD was not rescued by gp91ds-tat. In contrast, Nox2 inhibition protected against unloading suppression of the antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2. nNOS bioactivity was reduced by HU, an effect abrogated by Nox2 inhibition. Unloading-induced soleus fiber atrophy was significantly attenuated by gp91ds-tat. These data establish a causal role for Nox2 in unloading-induced muscle atrophy, linked to preservation of HSP70, Nrf2, and sarcolemmal nNOS.
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- 2021
13. Regulation of extracellular matrix elements and sarcomerogenesis in response to different periods of passive stretching in the soleus muscle of rats
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Tania F. Salvini, Alisson C. R. Fioravante, Clara Maria Pinheiro-Dardis, Sabrina Messa Peviani, Adriana H. Sagawa, Yara P. da Silva, João Luiz Quagliotti Durigan, Gabriel Borges Delfino, and Vinicius Guzzoni
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Male ,Sarcomeres ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Fibrillar Collagens ,lcsh:Medicine ,Connective tissue ,Lysyl oxidase ,Passive stretching ,Matrix metalloproteinase ,Sarcomerogenesis ,Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase ,Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ,Extracellular matrix ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Muscle Stretching Exercises ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,RNA, Messenger ,Rats, Wistar ,Muscle, Skeletal ,lcsh:Science ,Soleus muscle ,Multidisciplinary ,Chemistry ,lcsh:R ,Connective Tissue Growth Factor ,Extracellular Matrix ,CTGF ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ,lcsh:Q ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Stretching is a common method used to prevent muscle shortening and improve limited mobility. However, the effect of different time periods on stretching-induced adaptation of the extracellular matrix and its regulatory elements have yet to be investigated. We aimed to evaluate the expression of fibrillar collagens, sarcomerogenesis, metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and gene expression of the extracellular matrix (ECM) regulators in the soleus (SOL) muscle of rats submitted to different stretching periods. The soleus muscles were submitted to 10 sets of passive stretching over 10 (St 10d) or 15 days (St 15d) (1 min per set, with 30 seconds’ rest between sets). Sarcomerogenesis, muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), and MMP activity and mRNA levels in collagen (type I, III and IV), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and lysyl oxidase (LOX) were analyzed. Passive stretching over both time periods mitigated COL-I deposition in the SOL muscle of rats. Paradoxically, 10 days of passive stretching induced COL-I and COL-III synthesis, with concomitant upregulation of TGF-β1 and CTGF at a transcriptional level. These responses may be associated with lower LOX mRNA levels in SOL muscles submitted to 10 passive stretching sessions. Moreover, sarcomerogenesis was observed after 15 days of stretching, suggesting that stretching-induced muscle adaptations are time-dependent responses.
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- 2018
14. Effect of resistance training on extracellular matrix adaptations in skeletal muscle of older rats
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João Luiz Quagliotti Durigan, Gisele N. Lopes, Vinicius Guzzoni, Rita de Cássia Marqueti, Manoel Benício Teixeira Ribeiro, Rosângela Vieira de Andrade, and Heloisa S. Selistre-de-Araujo
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,Connective tissue ,Hindlimb ,Biology ,lcsh:Physiology ,Tecido conjuntivo ,Extracellular matrix ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,Gene expression ,medicine ,Músculos - desempenho ,skeletal muscle ,Original Research ,connective tissue ,lcsh:QP1-981 ,Envelhecimento ,Treinamento de força ,aging ,Skeletal muscle ,medicine.disease ,CTGF ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Sarcopenia ,gene expression ,resistance training ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Accumulation of connective tissue, particularly extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, has been observed in skeletal muscles with advancing age. Resistance training (RT) has been widely recommended to attenuate age-induced sarcopenia, even though its effects on the components that control ECM turnover in skeletal muscles remain to be elucidated. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of RT on connective tissue content and gene expression of key components of ECM in the skeletal muscles of aged rats. Young (3 mo.) and older (21 mo.) adult male Wistar rats were submitted to a RT protocol (ladder climbing with 65, 85, 95, and 100% load), 3 times a week for 12 weeks. Forty-eight hours post-training, the soleus (SOL) and gastrocnemius (GAS) muscles were dissected for histological and mRNA analysis. RT mitigated the age-associated increase of connective tissue content in both muscles, even though mRNA levels of COL-1 and−3 were elevated in older trained rats. Overall, RT significantly elevated the gene expression of key components of connective tissue deposition (TGFβ and CTGF; MMP-2 and-9; TIMP-1 and−2) in the GAS and SOL muscles of older rats. In conclusion, RT blunted the age-induced accumulation of connective tissue concomitant to the upregulation of genes related to synthesis and degradation of the ECM network in the SOL and GAS muscles of older rats. Although our findings indicate that RT plays a crucial role reducing connective tissue accumulation in aged hindlimb muscles, key components of ECM turnover were paradoxically elevated. The phenotypic responses induced by RT were not accompanied by the gene expression of those components related to ECM turnover.
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- 2018
15. Effects of Resistance Training on Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity in Skeletal Muscles and Blood Circulation During Aging
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Ramires Alsamir Tibana, Rita de Cássia Marqueti, João Luiz Quagliotti Durigan, Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto, Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre de Araújo, Jonato Prestes, and Vinicius Guzzoni
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,extracellular matrix ,Matrix metalloproteinase ,lcsh:Physiology ,Extracellular matrix ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Zymography ,Original Research ,Soleus muscle ,Metalloproteinase ,lcsh:QP1-981 ,business.industry ,aging ,Resistance training ,030229 sport sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Blood circulation ,muscle remodeling ,matrix metallopeptidase ,business ,exercise training ,Lateral gastrocnemius - Abstract
Aging is a complex, multifactorial process characterized by the accumulation of deleterious effects, including biochemical adaptations of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) on metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) activity in skeletal muscles and, MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in the blood circulation of young and old rats. Twenty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7 per group): young sedentary (YS); young trained (YT), old sedentary (OS), and old trained (OT). The stair climbing RT consisted of one training session every 2 other day, with 8–12 dynamic movements per climb. The animals were euthanized 48 h after the end of the experimental period. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity was measured by zymography. There was higher active MMP-2 activity in the lateral gastrocnemius and flexor digitorum profundus muscles in the OT group when compared to the OS, YS, and YT groups (p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, there was higher active MMP-2 activity in the medial gastrocnemius muscle in the OT group when compared to the YS and YT groups (p ≤ 0.001). The YS group presented lower active MMP-2 activity in the soleus muscle than the YT, OS, OT groups (p ≤ 0.001). With respect to active MMP-2/9 activity in the bloodstream, the OT group displayed significantly reduced activity (p ≤ 0.001) when compared to YS and YT groups. In conclusion, RT up-regulates MMP-2 activity in aging muscles, while down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the blood circulation, suggesting that it may be a useful tool for the maintenance of ECM remodeling.
- Published
- 2018
16. Effect of Eukarion-134 on Akt-mTOR signalling in the rat soleus during 7 days of mechanical unloading
- Author
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John M. Lawler, James D. Fluckey, Dylan Holly, Marcela M. Garcia, Yang Lee, Kristian Falcon, J. Matthew Kuczmarski, Erika L Garcia-Villatoro, Mariana Janini Gomes, Patrick J. Ryan, Matthew S. Lawler, Dinah A Rodriguez, Jeff M. Hord, and Vinicius Guzzoni
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Physiology ,Muscle Proteins ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antioxidants ,Superoxide dismutase ,03 medical and health sciences ,Physiology (medical) ,Myosin ,medicine ,Animals ,Muscle, Skeletal ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Sarcolemma ,biology ,Chemistry ,Superoxide Dismutase ,TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ,Forkhead Box Protein O3 ,Skeletal muscle ,General Medicine ,Catalase ,Muscle atrophy ,Rats, Inbred F344 ,Cell biology ,Rats ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch ,Hindlimb Suspension ,Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch ,biology.protein ,Phosphorylation ,medicine.symptom ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ,Oxidative stress ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
New findings What is the central question of this study? Translocation of nNOSμ initiates catabolic signalling via FoxO3a and skeletal muscle atrophy during mechanical unloading. Recent evidence suggests that unloading-induced muscle atrophy and FoxO3a activation are redox sensitive. Will a mimetic of superoxide dismutase and catalase (i.e. Eukarion-134) also mitigate suppression of the Akt-mTOR pathway? What is the main finding and its importance? Eukarion-134 rescued Akt-mTOR signalling and sarcolemmal nNOSμ, which were linked to protection against the unloading phenotype, muscle fibre atrophy and partial fibre-type shift from slow to fast twitch. The loss of nNOSμ from the sarcolemma appears crucial to Akt phosphorylation and is redox sensitive, although the mechanisms remain unresolved. Abstract Mechanical unloading stimulates rapid changes in skeletal muscle morphology, characterized by atrophy of muscle fibre cross-sectional area and a partial fibre-type shift from slow to fast twitch. Recent studies revealed that oxidative stress contributes to activation of forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a), proteolytic signalling and unloading-induced muscle atrophy via translocation of the μ-splice variant of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOSμ) and activation of FoxO3a. There is limited understanding of the role of reactive oxygen species in the Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway signalling during unloading. We hypothesized that Eukarion-134 (EUK-134), a mimetic of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase, would protect Akt-mTOR signalling in the unloaded rat soleus. Male Fischer 344 rats were separated into the following three study groups: ambulatory control (n = 11); 7 days of hindlimb unloading + saline injections (HU, n = 11); or 7 days of HU + EUK-134; (HU + EUK-134, n = 9). EUK-134 mitigated unloading-induced dephosphorylation of Akt, as well as FoxO3a, in the soleus. Phosphorylation of mTOR in the EUK-treated HU rats was not different from that in control animals. However, EUK-134 did not significantly rescue p70S6K phosphorylation. EUK-134 attenuated translocation of nNOSμ from the membrane to the cytosol, reduced nitration of tyrosine residues and suppressed upregulation of caveolin-3 and dysferlin. EUK-134 ameliorated HU-induced remodelling, atrophy of muscle fibres and the 12% increase in type II myosin heavy chain-positive fibres. Attenuation of the unloaded muscle phenotype was associated with decreased reactive oxygen species, as assessed by ethidium-positive nuclei. We conclude that oxidative stress affects Akt-mTOR signalling in unloaded skeletal muscle. Direct linkage of abrogation of nNOSμ translocation with Akt-mTOR signalling during unloading is the subject of future investigation.
- Published
- 2017
17. Reduced collagen accumulation and augmented MMP-2 activity in left ventricle of old rats submitted to high-intensity resistance training
- Author
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André S. Mecawi, Hernandes F. Carvalho, Heloisa S. Selistre-de-Araujo, Vinicius Guzzoni, Jeffrey M. Hord, Jonh M. Lawler, Rita de Cássia Marqueti, José Antunes Rodrigues, Ana Paula Davel, João Luiz Quagliotti Durigan, Tayná Oliveira Costa Santos, Rafael L. B. Lino, and Marcelo Shinyu Mekaro
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,Heart Ventricles ,Blood Pressure ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Matrix metalloproteinase ,Collagen Type I ,Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physiology (medical) ,medicine ,Animals ,Rats, Wistar ,Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ,Ventricular Remodeling ,Collagen accumulation ,business.industry ,High intensity ,Resistance training ,Resistance Training ,Anatomy ,Fibrosis ,Rats ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Ventricle ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ,business ,PRESSÃO SANGUÍNEA ,Type I collagen - Abstract
Progressive fibrosis is a hallmark of the aging heart. Age-related fibrosis is modulated by endurance exercise training; however, little is known concerning the influence of resistance training (RT). Therefore we investigated the chronic effects of high-intensity RT on age-associated alterations of left ventricle (LV) structure, collagen content, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and extracellular matrix-related gene expression, including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Young adult (3 mo) and aged (21 mo) male Wistar rats were submitted to a RT protocol (ladder climbing with 65, 85, 95, and 100% load), three times a week for 12 wk. Forty-eight hours posttraining, arterial systolic and diastolic pressure, LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and dP/d t were recorded. LV morphology, collagen deposition, and gene expression of type I (COL-I) and type III (COL-III) collagen, MMP-2, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), and TGF-β1 were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR. MMP-2 content was assessed by zymography. Increased collagen deposition was observed in LV from aged rats. These parameters were modulated by RT and were associated with increased MMP-2 activity and decreased COL-I, TGF-β1, and TIMP-1 mRNA content. Despite the effect of RT on collagen accumulation, there was no improvement on LVEDP and maximal negative LV dP/d t of aged rats. Cardiomyocyte diameter was preserved in all experimental conditions. In conclusion, RT attenuated age-associated collagen accumulation, concomitant to the increase in MMP-2 activity and decreased expression of COL-I, TGF-β1, and TIMP-1 in LV, illustrating a cardioprotective effect of RT on ventricular structure and function. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrated the beneficial resistance-training effect against age-related left ventricle collagen accumulation in the left ventricle, which was associated with decreased type I collagen (COL-I), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) gene expression and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity. Our findings suggest for the first time the potential effects of resistance training in modulating collagen accumulation and possibly fibrosis in the aging heart.
- Published
- 2017
18. Unraveling the role of high-intensity resistance training on left ventricle proteome: Is there a shift towards maladaptation?
- Author
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Patricia Sousa Dantas, Tatiana Sousa Cunha, Vinicius Guzzoni, Juliana Dinéia Perez, Maisa Mayumi Sakata, Dulce Elena Casarini, Fernando César Bizerra, Vander José das Neves, Fernanda Klein Marcondes, and Regina Lúcia Harumi Watanabe
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,High-intensity resistance training ,Proteome ,Heart Ventricles ,Hemodynamics ,Proteomics shotgun ,Biology ,Ventricular Function, Left ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Physical Conditioning, Animal ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Rats, Wistar ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Pathological ,Maladaptation ,Cardioprotection ,Regulation of gene expression ,Myocardium ,Resistance Training ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Adaptation, Physiological ,Rats ,Rat proteomics ,Cardiac hypertrophy ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Ventricle ,Heart failure ,Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ,Pathological hypertrophy - Abstract
Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo-FAPESP FAEP/UNICAMP CAPES, Brazil High-intensity resistance training (RT) induces adaptations that improve physiological function. However, high intensity, volume and/or frequency may lead to injury and other health issues such as adverse cardiac effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of RT on left ventricle proteome, and to identify the pathways involved on the harmful adaptations induced by this protocol. Male Wistar rats were randomized into 2 groups: Trained (T) and Sedentary (S). Animals from T group were trained for 6 weeks, and then all the animals were sacrificed and left ventricle was isolated for analysis. We identified 955 proteins, and 93 proteins were considered 36 were expressed exclusively in T group, and 4 in S group. Based on quantitative analysis, 42 proteins were found overexpressed and 11 underexpressed in T group compared with S group. Using the Gene Ontology to relate the biological processes in which these proteins are involved, we conclude that RT protocol promotes changes similar to those found in the initial phase of heart failure, but we also observed a concomitant increased expression of protective proteins, suggesting the activation of pathways to avoid major damages on left ventricle and delay the onset of pathological hypertrophy. Statement of significance of the study: Our study shows that high-intensity RT protocol changes left ventricle proteome, modifying metabolic profile of heart tissue and inducing the expression of proteins that acts against cardiac injury. We hypothesize that these adaptations occur to prevent the onset of cardiac dysfunction. Despite highly significant, it remains to be determined whether these adaptations are sufficient to further keep left ventricle function and exert cardioprotection, and whether this panel will be shifted towards maladaptation, and heart failure. (c) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Med, Discipline Nephrol, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Physiol, Discipline Nutr Physiol, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Med, Discipline Infect Dis, Special Mycol Lab LEMI, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Campinas, Fac Dent Piracicaba FOP UNICAMP, Dept Physiol Sci, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Sci & Technol, BR-12231280 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Med, Discipline Nephrol, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Physiol, Discipline Nutr Physiol, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Med, Discipline Infect Dis, Special Mycol Lab LEMI, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Sci & Technol, BR-12231280 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 02/05427-8 FAEP/UNICAMP: 398/03 FAEP/UNICAMP: 680/03 Web of Science
- Published
- 2016
19. Mitochondrial ROS Amplify Nox2 Signaling and Atrophy in the Rat Soleus with 7 Days of Hindlimb Unloading (LB821)
- Author
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John M. Lawler, Vinicius Guzzoni, J Kuczmarski, Yang Lee, and Jeff M. Hord
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Mitochondrial ROS ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Skeletal muscle ,Hindlimb ,Anatomy ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Spaceflight ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,law.invention ,Endocrinology ,Atrophy ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,law ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Oxidative stress ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Removal of mechanical loading during spaceflight, bedrest, or immobilization causes rapid and profound atrophy of skeletal muscle. Emerging data suggest that oxidative stress from mitochondrial sou...
- Published
- 2014
20. Effects of nandrolone and resistance training on the blood pressure, cardiac electrophysiology, and expression of atrial β-adrenergic receptors
- Author
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Maria José Costa Sampaio Moura, Ana Paula Tanno, Fernanda Klein Marcondes, Vinicius Guzzoni, Edilamar Menezes de Oliveira, Vander José das Neves, Tiago Fernandes, Carlos A. Silva, and Tatiana Sousa Cunha
- Subjects
Bradycardia ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Blotting, Western ,Diastole ,Blood Pressure ,Cardiomegaly ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Muscle hypertrophy ,Electrocardiography ,Anabolic Agents ,Heart Rate ,Internal medicine ,Physical Conditioning, Animal ,medicine ,Animals ,Nandrolone ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Rats, Wistar ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Cardiac electrophysiology ,Myocardium ,Body Weight ,Heart ,General Medicine ,Rats ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Blood pressure ,Ventricle ,Cardiology ,Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 ,medicine.symptom ,Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 ,business ,medicine.drug ,ANABOLIZANTES - Abstract
Aims This study was performed to assess isolated and combined effects of nandrolone and resistance training on the blood pressure, cardiac electrophysiology, and expression of the β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors in the heart of rats. Main methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups and submitted to a 6-week treatment with nandrolone and/or resistance training. Cardiac hypertrophy was accessed by the ratio of heart weight to the final body weight. Blood pressure was determined by a computerized tail-cuff system. Electrocardiography analyses were performed. Western blotting was used to access the protein levels of the β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors in the right atrium and left ventricle. Key findings Both resistance training and nandrolone induced cardiac hypertrophy. Nandrolone increased systolic blood pressure depending on the treatment time. Resistance training decreased systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure, as well as induced resting bradycardia. Nandrolone prolonged the QTc interval for both trained and non-trained groups when they were compared to their respective vehicle-treated one. Nandrolone increased the expression of β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors in the right atrium for both trained and non-trained groups when they were compared to their respective vehicle-treated one. Significance This study indicated that nandrolone, associated or not with resistance training increases blood pressure depending on the treatment time, induces prolongation of the QTc interval, and increases the expression of β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors in the cardiac right atrium, but not in the left ventricle.
- Published
- 2013
21. Nandrolone and resistance training induce heart remodeling: role of fetal genes and implications for cardiac pathophysiology
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Vander José das Neves, Kaleizu T. Rosa, Pedro Duarte Novaes, Tiago Fernandes, Vinicius Guzzoni, Tatiana Sousa Cunha, Maria José Costa Sampaio Moura, Ana Paula Tanno, Maria Claudia Irigoyen, Caroline Morini Calil, Fernanda Cristina Linarello Giordano, Edilamar Menezes de Oliveira, and Fernanda Klein Marcondes
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Systole ,education ,Cardiac index ,Diastole ,Cardiomegaly ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics(all) ,Anabolic Agents ,Atrial natriuretic peptide ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Training ,Animals ,Nandrolone ,Testosterone ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Rats, Wistar ,Pathological ,Fetus ,business.industry ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all) ,Myocardium ,Body Weight ,Heart ,Resistance Training ,General Medicine ,Pathophysiology ,Rats ,Cardiac hypertrophy ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Genes ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Ventricle ,Echocardiography ,Collagen ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Aims This study was conducted to assess the isolated and combined effects of nandrolone and resistance training on cardiac morphology, function, and mRNA expression of pathological cardiac hypertrophy markers. Main methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups and submitted to 6 weeks of treatment with nandrolone and/or resistance training. Cardiac parameters were determined by echocardiography. Heart was analyzed for collagen infiltration. Real-time RT-PCR was used to assess the pathological cardiac hypertrophy markers. Key findings Both resistance training and nandrolone induced cardiac hypertrophy. Nandrolone increased the cardiac collagen content, and reduced the cardiac index in non-trained and trained groups, when compared with the respective vehicle-treated groups. Nandrolone reduced the ratio of maximum early to late transmitral flow velocity in non-trained and trained groups, when compared with the respective vehicle-treated groups. Nandrolone reduced the alpha-myosin heavy chain gene expression in both non-trained and trained groups, when compared with the respective vehicle-treated groups. Training reduced the beta-myosin heavy chain gene expression in the groups treated with vehicle and nandrolone. Only the association between training and nandrolone increased the expression of the skeletal alpha-actin gene and atrial natriuretic peptide in the left ventricle. Significance This study indicated that nandrolone, whether associated with resistance training or not, induces cardiac hypertrophy, which is associated with enhanced collagen content, re-expression of fetal genes the in left ventricle, and impaired diastolic and systolic function.
- Published
- 2011
22. Role Of Nox2 On Mechanical Unloading Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
- Author
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Erika E. Garcia-Villatoro, Jeff M. Hord, Yang Lee, Zach Ginnings, John M. Lawler, James Matthew Kuczmarski, and Vinicius Guzzoni
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,business ,Muscle contracture ,Skeletal muscle atrophy - Published
- 2015
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