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1. Investigating the intra-nuclear cascade process using the reaction 136Xe on deuterium at 500 AMeV

Author

Rejmund F., Ricciardi M.V., Pleskač R., Pereira J., Napolitani P., Leray S., Lafriaskh A., Kelić A., Henzlova D., Henzl V., Heinz A., Fernández Ordóñez M., Fernández-Domínguez B., Enqvist T., Casarejos E., Boudard A., Bernas M., Audouin L., Armbruster P., Pérez-Loureiro D., Benlliure J., Alcántara-Núñez J.A., Stéphan C., Schmidt K.-H., Schmitt C., Tassan-Got L., Villagrasa C., Volant C., and Yordanov O.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

More than 600 residual nuclei, formed in the spallation of 136Xe projectiles impinging on deuterium at 500 AMeV of incident energy, have been unambiguously identified and their production cross sections have been determined with high accuracy. By comparing these data to others previously measured for the reactions 136Xe + p at 1 AGeV and 136Xe + p at 500 AMeV we investigated the role that neutrons play in peripheral collisions and to understand the energy dissipation in frontal collisions in spallation reactions.

Published
2010
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2. Neutron recognition in the LAND detector for large neutron multiplicity

Author

Pawłowski, P., Brzychczyk, J., Leifels, Y., Trautmann, W., Adrich, P., Aumann, T., Bacri, C. O., Barczyk, T., Bassini, R., Bianchin, S., Boiano, C., Boretzky, K., Boudard, A., Chbihi, A., Cibor, J., Czech, B., De Napoli, M., Ducret, J. -E., Emling, H., Frankland, J. D., Gorbinet, T., Hellström, M., Henzlova, D., Hlavac, S., Immè, J., Iori, I., Johansson, H., Kezzar, K., Kupny, S., Lafriakh, A., Fèvre, A. Le, Gentil, E. Le, Leray, S., Łukasik, J., Lühning, J., Lynch, W. G., Lynen, U., Majka, Z., Mocko, M., Müller, W. F. J., Mykulyak, A., Orth, H., Otte, A. N., Palit, R., Panebianco, S., Pullia, A., Raciti, G., Rapisarda, E., Rossi, D., Salsac, M. -D., Sann, H., Schwarz, C., Simon, H., Sfienti, C., Sümmerer, K., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Veselsky, M., Volant, C., Wallace, M., Weick, H., Wiechula, J., Wieloch, A., and Zwiegliński, B.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The performance of the LAND neutron detector is studied. Using an event-mixing technique based on one-neutron data obtained in the S107 experiment at the GSI laboratory, we test the efficiency of various analytic tools used to determine the multiplicity and kinematic properties of detected neutrons. A new algorithm developed recently for recognizing neutron showers from spectator decays in the ALADIN experiment S254 is described in detail. Its performance is assessed in comparison with other methods. The properties of the observed neutron events are used to estimate the detection efficiency of LAND in this experiment., Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures

Published
2012
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3. Isospin dependent multifragmentation of relativistic projectiles

Author

Ogul, R., Botvina, A. S., Atav, U., Buyukcizmeci, N., Mishustin, I. N., Adrich, P., Aumann, T., Bacri, C. O., Barczyk, T., Bassini, R., Bianchin, S., Boiano, C., Boudard, A., Brzychczyk, J., Chbihi, A., Cibor, J., Czech, B., De Napoli, M., Ducret, J. -E., Emling, H., Frankland, J. D., Hellstrom, M., Henzlova, D., Imme, G., Iori, I., Johansson, H., Kezzar, K., Lafriakh, A., Fevre, A. Le, Gentil, E. Le, Leifels, Y., Luhning, J., Lukasik, J., Lynch, W. G., Lynen, U., Majka, Z., Mocko, M., Muller, W. F. J., Mykulyak, A., Orth, H., Otte, A. N., Palit, R., Pawlowski, P., Pullia, A., Raciti, G., Rapisarda, E., Sann, H., Schwarz, C., Sfienti, C., Simon, H., Summerer, K., Trautmann, W., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Volant, C., Wallace, M., Weick, H., Wiechula, J., Wieloch, A., and Zwieglinski, B.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

The N/Z dependence of projectile fragmentation at relativistic energies has been studied with the ALADIN forward spectrometer at the GSI Schwerionen Synchrotron (SIS). Stable and radioactive Sn and La beams with an incident energy of 600 MeV per nucleon have been used in order to explore a wide range of isotopic compositions. For the interpretation of the data, calculations with the statistical multifragmentation model for a properly chosen ensemble of excited sources were performed. The parameters of the ensemble, representing the variety of excited spectator nuclei expected in a participant-spectator scenario, are determined empirically by searching for an optimum reproduction of the measured fragment-charge distributions and correlations. An overall very good agreement is obtained. The possible modification of the liquid-drop parameters of the fragment description in the hot freeze-out environment is studied, and a significant reduction of the symmetry-term coefficient is found necessary to reproduce the mean neutron-to-proton ratios /Z and the isoscaling parameters of Z<=10 fragments. The calculations are, furthermore, used to address open questions regarding the modification of the surface-term coefficient at freeze-out, the N/Z dependence of the nuclear caloric curve, and the isotopic evolution of the spectator system between its formation during the initial cascade stage of the reaction and its subsequent breakup., Comment: 23 pages, 29 figures, published in Physical Review C

Published
2010
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4. Tracing a phase transition with fluctuations of the largest fragment size: Statistical multifragmentation models and the ALADIN S254 data

Author

Pietrzak, T., Adrich, P., Aumann, T., Bacri, C. O., Barczyk, T., Bassini, R., Bianchin, S., Boiano, C., Botvina, A. S., Boudard, A., Brzychczyk, J., Chbihi, A., Cibor, J., Czech, B., De Napoli, M., Ducret, J. -E., Emling, H., Frankland, J. D., Hellstrom, M., Henzlova, D., Imme, G., Iori, I., Johansson, H., Kezzar, K., Lafriakh, A., Fevre, A. Le, Gentil, E. Le, Leifels, Y., Luhning, J., Lukasik, J., Lynch, W. G., Lynen, U., Majka, Z., Mocko, M., Muller, W. F. J., Mykulyak, A., Orth, H., Otte, A. N., Palit, R., Pawlowski, P., Pullia, A., Raciti, G., Rapisarda, E., Sann, H., Schwarz, C., Sfienti, C., Simon, H., Summerer, K., Trautmann, W., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Volant, C., Wallace, M., Weick, H., Wiechula, J., Wieloch, A., and Zwieglinski, B.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

A phase transition signature associated with cumulants of the largest fragment size distribution has been identified in statistical multifragmentation models and examined in analysis of the ALADIN S254 data on fragmentation of neutron-poor and neutron-rich projectiles. Characteristics of the transition point indicated by this signature are weakly dependent on the A/Z ratio of the fragmenting spectator source. In particular, chemical freeze-out temperatures are estimated within the range 5.9 to 6.5 MeV. The experimental results are well reproduced by the SMM model., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of the International Workshop on Multifragmentation and Related Topics (IWM2009), Catania, Italy, November 2009.

Published
2010

5. Isospin Diffusion in $^{58}$Ni-Induced Reactions at Intermediate Energies

Author

Galichet, E., Rivet, Marie-France, Borderie, B., Colonna, M., Bougault, R., Durand, D., Neindre, N. Le, Lopez, O., Manduci, L., Vient, E., Chbihi, A., Frankland, J. D., Wieleczko, J. P., Dayras, R., Volant, C., Guinet, D. C. R., Lautesse, P., Parlog, M., Rosato, E., and Vigilante, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Isospin diffusion is probed as a function of the dissipated energy by studying two systems $^{58}$Ni+$^{58}$Ni and $^{58}$Ni+$^{197}$Au, over the incident energy range 52-74\AM. Experimental data are compared with the results of a microscopic transport model with two different parameterizations of the symmetry energy term. A better overall agreement between data and simulations is obtained when using a symmetry term with a potential part linearly increasing with nuclear density. The isospin equilibration time at 52 \AM{} is estimated to 130$\pm$10 fm/$c$.

Published
2010
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6. Isotopic Dependence of the Caloric Curve

Author

The ALADIN2000 Collaboration, Trautmann, W., Adrich, P., Aumann, T., Bacri, C. O., Barczyk, T., Bassini, R., Bianchin, S., Boiano, C., Botvina, A. S., Boudard, A., Brzychczyk, J., Chbihi, A., Cibor, J., Czech, B., De Napoli, M., Ducret, J. -E., Emling, H., Frankland, J. D., Hellstroem, M., Henzlova, D., Imme, G., Iori, I., Johansson, H., Kezzar, K., Lafriakh, A., Fevre, A. Le, Gentil, E. Le, Leifels, Y., Luehning, J., Lukasik, J., Lynch, W. G., Lynen, U., Majka, Z., Mocko, M., Mueller, W. F. J., Mykulyak, A., Orth, H., Otte, A. N., Palit, R., Pawlowski, P., Pullia, A., Raciti, G., Rapisarda, E., Sann, H., Schwarz, C., Sfienti, C., Simon, H., Suemmerer, K., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Volant, C., Wallace, M., Weick, H., Wiechula, J., Wieloch, A., and Zwieglinski, B.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Isotopic effects in projectile fragmentation at relativistic energies have been studied with the ALADIN forward spectrometer at SIS. Stable and radioactive Sn and La beams with an incident energy of 600 MeV per nucleon have been used in order to explore a wide range of isotopic compositions. Chemical freeze-out temperatures are found to be nearly invariant with respect to the A/Z ratio of the produced spectator sources, consistent with predictions for expanded systems. Consequences for the proposed interpretation of chemical breakup temperatures as representing the limiting temperatures predicted by microscopic models are discussed., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, contribution to proceedings of International School of Nuclear Physics, 30th Course, Heavy-Ion Collisions from the Coulomb Barrier to the Quark-Gluon Plasma, Erice-Sicily: 16 - 24 September 2008

Published
2009
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7. Isotopic Dependence of the Nuclear Caloric Curve

Author

The ALADIN2000 Collaboration, Sfienti, C., Adrich, P., Aumann, T., Bacri, C. O., Barczyk, T., Bassini, R., Bianchin, S., Boiano, C., Botvina, A. S., Boudard, A., Brzychczyk, J., Chbihi, A., Cibor, J., Czech, B., De Napoli, M., Ducret, J. -E., Emling, H., Frankland, J. D., Hellstroem, M., Henzlova, D., Imme, G., Iori, I., Johansson, H., Kezzar, K., Lafriakh, A., Fevre, A. Le, Gentil, E. Le, Leifels, Y., Luehning, J., Lukasik, J., Lynch, W. G., Lynen, U., Majka, Z., Mocko, M., Mueller, W. F. J., Mykulyak, A., Orth, H., Otte, A. N., Palit, R., Pawlowski, P., Pullia, A., Raciti, G., Rapisarda, E., Sann, H., Schwarz, C., Simon, H., Suemmerer, K., Trautmann, W., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Volant, C., Wallace, M., Weick, H., Wiechula, J., Wieloch, A., and Zwieglinski, B.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The A/Z dependence of projectile fragmentation at relativistic energies has been studied with the ALADIN forward spectrometer at SIS. A stable beam of 124Sn and radioactive beams of 124La and 107Sn at 600 MeV per nucleon have been used in order to explore a wide range of isotopic compositions. Chemical freeze-out temperatures are found to be nearly invariant with respect to the A/Z of the produced spectator sources, consistent with predictions for expanded systems. Small Coulomb effects (\Delta T \approx 0.6 MeV) appear for residue production near the onset of multifragmentation., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publ. in Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2009
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8. Isospin diffusion in semi-peripheral $^{58}Ni$ + $^{197}Au$ collisions at intermediate energies (I): Experimental results

Author

Galichet, E., Rivet, M. F., Borderie, B., Colonna, M., Bougault, R., Chbihi, A., Dayras, R., Durand, D., Frankland, J. D., Guinet, D. C. R., Lautesse, P., Neindre, N. Le, Lopez, O., Manduci, L., Parlog, M., Rosato, E., Tamain, B., Vient, E., Volant, C., and Wieleczko, J. P.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Isospin diffusion in semi-peripheral collisions is probed as a function of the dissipated energy by studying two systems $^{58}Ni$ + $^{58}Ni$ and $^{58}Ni$ + $^{197}Au$, over the incident energy range 52-74\AM. A close examination of the multiplicities of light products in the forward part of phase space clearly shows an influence of the isospin of the target on the neutron richness of these products. A progressive isospin diffusion is observed when collisions become more central, in connection with the interaction time.

Published
2008
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9. Production of medium-mass neutron-rich nuclei in reactions induced by 136Xe projectiles at 1 A GeV on a beryllium target

Author

Benlliure, J., Fernandez-Ordonez, M., Audouin, L., Boudard, A., Casarejos, E., Ducret, J. E., Enqvist, T., Heinz, A., Henzlova, D., Henzl, V., Kelic, A., Leray, S., Napolitani, P., Pereira, J., Rejmund, F., Ricciardi, M. V., Schmidt, K. -H., Schmitt, C., Stephan, C., Tassan-Got, L., Volant, C., Villagrasa, C., and Yordanov, O.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Production cross sections of medium-mass neutron-rich nuclei obtained in the fragmentation of 136Xe projectiles at 1 A GeV have been measured with the FRagment Separator (FRS) at GSI. 125Pd was identified for the first time. The measured cross sections are compared to 238U fission yields and model calculations in order to determine the optimum reaction mechanism to extend the limits of the chart of the nuclides around the r-process waiting point at N=82., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures

Published
2008
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10. Experimental investigation of the residues produced in the 136Xe+Pb and 124Xe+Pb fragmentation reactions at 1 A GeV

Author

Henzlova, D., Schmidt, K. -H., Ricciardi, M. V., Kelic, A., Henzl, V., Napolitani, P., Audouin, L., Benlliure, J., Boudard, A., Casarejos, E., Ducret, J. E., Enqvist, T., Heinz, A., Junghans, A., Jurado, B., Krasa, A., Kurtukian, T., Leray, S., Ordonez, M. F., Pereira, J., Pleskac, R., Rejmund, F., Schmitt, C., Stephan, C., Tassan-Got, L., Villagrasa, C., Volant, C., Wagner, A., and Yordanov, O.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

This paper presents the nuclide cross sections and the longitudinal velocity distributions of residues produced in the reactions of 136Xe and 124Xe at 1 A GeV in a lead target, measured at the high-resolution magnetic spectrometer, the Fragment Separator (FRS) of GSI. The data cover a broad range of isotopes of the elements between Z = 3 and Z = 56 for 136Xe and between Z = 5 and Z = 55 for 124Xe, reaching down to cross sections of a few microbarns. The velocity distributions exhibit a Gaussian shape for masses above A = 20, while more complex behaviour is observed for lighter masses. The isotopic distributions for both reactions preserve a memory on the projectile N/Z ratio over the whole residue mass range., Comment: 31 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, background information on http://www.gsi.de/charms

Published
2008
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11. N/Z Dependence of Projectile Fragmentation

Author

Trautmann, W., Adrich, P., Aumann, T., Bacri, C. O., Barczyk, T., Bassini, R., Bianchin, S., Boiano, C., Botvina, A. S., Boudard, A., Brzychczyk, J., Chbihi, A., Cibor, J., Czech, B., De Napoli, M., Ducret, J. -E., Emling, H., Frankland, J. D., Hellstroem, M., Henzlova, D., Imme, G., Iori, I., Johansson, H., Kezzar, K., Lafriakh, A., Fevre, A. Le, Gentil, E. Le, Leifels, Y., Luehning, J., Lukasik, J., Lynch, W. G., Lynen, U., Majka, Z., Mocko, M., Mueller, W. F. J., Mykulyak, A., Orth, H., Otte, A. N., Palit, R., Pawlowski, P., Pullia, A., Raciti, G., Rapisarda, E., Sann, H., Schwarz, C., Sfienti, C., Simon, H., Suemmerer, K., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Volant, C., Wallace, M., Weick, H., Wiechula, J., Wieloch, A., and Zwieglinski, B.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The N/Z dependence of projectile fragmentation at relativistic energies has been studied in a recent experiment at the GSI laboratory with the ALADiN forward spectrometer coupled to the LAND neutron detector. Besides a primary beam of 124Sn, also secondary beams of 124La and 107Sn delivered by the FRS fragment separator have been used in order to extend the range of isotopic compositions of the produced spectator sources. With the achieved mass resolution of \Delta A/A \approx 1.5%, lighter isotopes with atomic numbers Z \le 10 are individually resolved. The presently ongoing analyses of the measured isotope yields focus on isoscaling and its relation to the properties of hot fragments at freeze-out and on the derivation of chemical freeze-out temperatures which are found to be independent of the isotopic composition of the studied systems. The latter result is at variance with the predictions for limiting temperatures as obtained with finite-temperature Hartree-Fock calculations., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of International Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics in Heavy-Ion Reactions and Neutron Stars, Beijing, July 10-14, 2007, to appear in International Journal of Modern Physics E

Published
2007
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12. Source shape determination with directional fragment-fragment velocity correlations

Author

Fevre, A. Le, Schwarz, C., Auger, G., Begemann-Blaich, M. L., Bellaize, N., Bittiger, R., Bocage, F., Borderie, B., Bougault, R., Bouriquet, B., Charvet, J. L., Chbihi, A., Dayras, R., Durand, D., Frankland, J. D., Galichet, E., Gourio, D., Guinet, D., Hudan, S., Lautesse, P., Lavaud, F., Legrain, R., Lopez, O., Lukasik, J., Lynen, U., Mueller, W. F. J., Nalpas, L., Orth, H., Plagnol, E., Rosato, E., Saija, A., Sfienti, C., Tamain, B., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Turzo, K., Vient, E., Vigilante, M., Volant, C., and Zwieglinski, B.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Correlation functions, constructed from directional projections of the relative velocities of fragments, are used to determine the shape of the breakup volume in coordinate space. For central collisions of 129Xe + natSn at 50 MeV per nucleon incident energy, measured with the 4pi multi-detector INDRA at GSI, a prolate shape aligned along the beam direction with an axis ratio of 1:0.7 is deduced. The sensitivity of the method is discussed in comparison with conventional fragment-fragment velocity correlations., Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, subm. to Phys. Lett. B

Published
2007
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13. Coincidence measurement of residues and light particles in the reaction 56Fe+p at 1 GeV per nucleon with SPALADIN

Author

Gentil, E. Le, Aumann, T., Bacri, C. O., Benlliure, J., Bianchin, S., Böhmer, M., Boudard, A., Brzychczyk, J., Casarejos, E., Combet, M., Donadille, L., Ducret, J. E., Fernandez-Ordoñez, M., Gernhäuser, R., Johansson, H., Kezzar, K., Kurtukian-Nieto, T., Lafriakh, A., Lavaud, F., Fèvre, A. Le, Leray, S., Lühning, J., Lukasik, J., Lynen, U., Müller, W. F., Pawlowski, P., Pietri, S., Rejmund, F., Schwarz, C., Sfienti, C., Simon, H., Trautmann, W., Volant, C., and Yordanov, O.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The spallation of $^{56}$Fe in collisions with hydrogen at 1 A GeV has been studied in inverse kinematics with the large-aperture setup SPALADIN at GSI. Coincidences of residues with low-center-of-mass kinetic energy light particles and fragments have been measured allowing the decomposition of the total reaction cross-section into the different possible de-excitation channels. Detailed information on the evolution of these de-excitation channels with excitation energy has also been obtained. The comparison of the data with predictions of several de-excitation models coupled to the INCL4 intra-nuclear cascade model shows that only GEMINI can reasonably account for the bulk of collected results, indicating that in a light system with no compression and little angular momentum, multifragmentation might not be necessary to explain the data., Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, revised version accepted in Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2007
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14. Discriminant Analysis and Secondary-Beam Charge Recognition

Author

Lukasik, J., Adrich, P., Aumann, T., Bacri, C. O., Barczyk, T., Bassini, R., Bianchin, S., Boiano, C., Botvina, A. S., Boudard, A., Brzychczyk, J., Chbihi, A., Cibor, J., Czech, B., Ducret, J. -E., Emling, H., Frankland, J., Hellstroem, M., Henzlova, D., Imme, G., Iori, I., Johansson, H., Kezzar, K., Lafriakh, A., Fevre, A. Le, Gentil, E. Le, Leifels, Y., Luehning, J., Lynch, W. G., Lynen, U., Majka, Z., Mocko, M., Mueller, W. F. J., Mykulyak, A., De Napoli, M., Orth, H., Otte, A. N., Palit, R., Pawlowski, P., Pullia, A., Raciti, G., Rapisarda, E., Sann, H., Schwarz, C., Sfienti, C., Simon, H., Summerer, K., Trautmann, W., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Volant, C., Wallace, M., Weick, H., Wiechula, J., Wieloch, A., and Zwieglinski, B.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The discriminant-analysis method has been applied to optimize the exotic-beam charge recognition in a projectile fragmentation experiment. The experiment was carried out at the GSI using the fragment separator (FRS) to produce and select the relativistic secondary beams, and the ALADIN setup to measure their fragmentation products following collisions with Sn target nuclei. The beams of neutron poor isotopes around 124La and 107Sn were selected to study the isospin dependence of the limiting temperature of heavy nuclei by comparing with results for stable 124Sn projectiles. A dedicated detector to measure the projectile charge upstream of the reaction target was not used, and alternative methods had to be developed. The presented method, based on the multivariate discriminant analysis, allowed to increase the efficacy of charge recognition up to about 90%, which was about 20% more than achieved with the simple scalar methods., Comment: 6 pages, 7 eps figures, elsart, submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A

Published
2007
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15. Measurement of the complete nuclide production and kinetic energies of the system 136Xe + hydrogen at 1 GeV per nucleon

Author

Napolitani, P., Schmidt, K. -H., Tassan-Got, L., Armbruster, P., Enqvist, T., Heinz, A., Henzl, V., Henzlova, D., Kelic, A., Pleskac, R., Ricciardi, M. V., Schmitt, C., Yordanov, O., Audouin, L., Bernas, M., Lafriaskh, A., Rejmund, F., Stephan, C., Benlliure, J., Casarejos, E., Ordonez, M. Fernandez, Pereira, J., Boudard, A., Fernandez, B., Leray, S., Villagrasa, C., and Volant, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We present an extensive overview of production cross sections and kinetic energies for the complete set of nuclides formed in the spallation of 136Xe by protons at the incident energy of 1 GeV per nucleon. The measurement was performed in inverse kinematics at the FRagment Separator (GSI, Darmstadt). Slightly below the Businaro-Gallone point, 136Xe is the stable nuclide with the largest neutron excess. The kinematic data and cross sections collected in this work for the full nuclide production are a general benchmark for modelling the spallation process in a neutron-rich nuclear system, where fission is characterised by predominantly mass-asymmetric splits., Comment: 18 pages, 14 figures

Published
2007
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16. Spallation Residues in the Reaction 56Fe + p at 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5 A GeV

Author

Villagrasa-Canton, C., Boudard, A., Ducret, J. -E., Fernandez, B., Leray, S., Volant, C., Armbruster, P., Enqvist, T., Hammache, F., Helariutta, K., Jurado, B., Ricciardi, M. -V., Schmidt, K. -H., Summerer, K., Vives, F., Yordanov, O., Audouin, L., Bacri, C. -O., Ferrant, L., Napolitani, P., Rejmund, F., Stephan, C., Tassan-Got, L., Benlliure, J., Casarejos, E., Fernandez-Ordonez, M., Pereira, J., Czajkowski, S., Karamanis, D., Pravikoff, M., George, J. S., Mewaldt, R. A., Yanasak, N., Wiedenbeck, M., Connell, J. J., Faestermann, T., Heinz, A., and Junghans, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The spallation residues produced in the bombardment of 56}Fe at 1.5, 1.0, 0.75, 0.5 and 0.3 A GeV on a liquid-hydrogen target have been measured using the reverse kinematics technique and the Fragment Separator at GSI (Darmstadt). This technique has permitted the full identification in charge and mass of all isotopes produced with cross-sections larger than 10^{-2} mb down to Z=8. Their individual production cross-sections and recoil velocities at the five energies are presented. Production cross-sections are compared to previously existing data and to empirical parametric formulas, often used in cosmic-ray astrophysics. The experimental data are also extensively compared to different combinations of intra-nuclear cascade and de-excitation models. It is shown that the yields of the lightest isotopes cannot be accounted for by standard evaporation models. The GEMINI model, which includes an asymmetric fission decay mode, gives an overall good agreement with the data. These experimental data can be directly used for the estimation of composition modifications and damages in materials containing iron in spallation sources. They are also useful for improving high precision cosmic-ray measurements., Comment: Submited to Phys. Rev. C (10/2006)

Published
2006
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17. Transition from participant to spectator fragmentation in Au+Au reaction between 60 AMeV and 150 AMeV

Author

Zbiri, K., LeFèvre, A., Aichelin, J., Łukasik, J., Reisdorf, W., Gulminelli, F., Lynen, U., Müller, W. F. J., Orth, H., Schwarz, C., Sfienti, C., Trautmann, W., Turzó, K., Zwiegliński, B., Auger, G., Charvet, J. L., Chbihi, A., Dayras, R., Durand, D., Frankland, J. D., Legrain, R., Neindre, N. Le, Lopez, O., Nalpas, L., Parlog, M., Rivet, M. F., Rosato, E., Vient, E., Vigilante, M., Volant, C., and Wieleczko, J. P.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Using the quantum molecular dynamics approach, we analyze the results of the recent INDRA Au+Au experiments at GSI in the energy range between 60 AMeV and 150 AMeV. It turns out that in this energy region the transition toward a participant-spectator scenario takes place. The large Au+Au system displays in the simulations as in the experiment simultaneously dynamical and statistical behavior which we analyze in detail: The composition of fragments close to midrapidity follows statistical laws and the system shows bi-modality, i.e. a sudden transition between different fragmentation pattern as a function of the centrality as expected for a phase transition. The fragment spectra at small and large rapidities, on the other hand, are determined by dynamics and the system as a whole does not come to equilibrium, an observation which is confirmed by FOPI experiments for the same system., Comment: published version

Published
2006
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18. Estimate of average freeze-out volume in multifragmentation events

Author

Piantelli, S., Neindre, N. Le, Bonnet, E., Borderie, B., Lanzalone, G., Parlog, M., Rivet, M. F., Bougault, R., Chbihi, A., Dayras, R., Durand, D., Frankland, J. D., Galichet, E., Guinet, D., Lautesse, P., Lopez, O., Rosato, E., Tamain, B., Vient, E., Vigilante, M., Volant, C., Wieleczko, J. P., and Collaboration, the Indra

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

An estimate of the average freeze-out volume for multifragmentation events is presented. Values of volumes are obtained by means of a simulation using the experimental charged product partitions measured by the 4pi multidetector INDRA for 129Xe central collisions on Sn at 32 AMeV incident energy. The input parameters of the simulation are tuned by means of the comparison between the experimental and simulated velocity (or energy) spectra of particles and fragments., Comment: To be published in Phys. Lett. B 12 pages, 5 figures

Published
2005
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19. Light Nuclides Produced in the Proton-Induced Spallation of 238U at 1 GeV

Author

Ricciardi, M. V., Armbruster, P., Benlliure, J., Bernas, M., Boudard, A., Czajkowski, S., Enqvist, T., Kelic, A., Leray, S., Legrain, R., Mustapha, B., Pereira, J., Rejmund, F., Schmidt, K. -H., Stephan, C., Tassan-Got, L., Volant, C., and Yordanov, O.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The production of light and intermediate-mass nuclides formed in the reaction 1H+238U at 1 GeV was measured at the Fragment Separator (FRS) at GSI, Darmstadt. The experiment was performed in inverse kinematics, shooting a 1 A GeV 238U beam on a thin liquid-hydrogen target. 254 isotopes of all elements in the range from Z=7 to Z=37 were unambiguously identified, and the velocity distributions of the produced nuclides were determined with high precision. The results show that the nuclides are produced in a very asymmetric binary decay of heavy nuclei originating from the spallation of uranium. All the features of the produced nuclides merge with the characteristics of the fission products as their mass increases., Comment: 40 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables

Published
2005
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20. Evaporation residues produced in spallation of 208Pb by protons at 500A MeV

Author

Audouin, L., Tassan-Got, L., Armbruster, P., Benlliure, J., Bernas, M., Boudard, A., Casarejos, E., Czajkowski, S., Enqvist, T., Fernandez-Dominguez, B., Jurado, B., Legrain, R., Leray, S., Mustapha, B., Pereira, J., Pravikoff, M., Rejmund, F., Ricciardi, M. -V., Schmidt, K. -H., Stephan, C., Taieb, J., Volant, C., and Wlazlo, W.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The production cross sections of fragmentation-evaporation residues in the reaction Pb+p at 500A MeV have been measured using the inverse-kinematics method and the FRS spectrometer (GSI). Fragments were identified in nuclear charge using ionisation chambers. The mass identification was performed event-by-event using the B-rho - TOF - Delta-E technique. Although partially-unresolved ionic charge states induced an ambiguity on the mass of some heavy fragments, production rates could be obtained with a high accuracy by systematically accounting for the polluting ionic charge states. The contribution of multiple reactions in the target was subtracted using a new, partly self-consistent code. The isobaric distributions are found to have a shape very close to the one observed in experiments at higher energy. Kinematic properties of the fragments were also measured. The total and the isotopic cross sections, including charge-pickup cross sections, are in good agreement with previous measurements. The data are discussed in the light of previous spallation measurements, especially on lead at 1 GeV.

Published
2005
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21. Correlation functions and emission time sequence of light charged particles from projectile-like fragment source in E/A = 44 and 77 MeV 40Ar + 27Al collisions

Author

Ghetti, R., Helgesson, J., Lanzano', G., De Filippo, E., Geraci, M., Aiello, S., Cavallaro, S., Pagano, A., Politi, G., Charvet, J. L., Dayras, R., Pollacco, E., Volant, C., Beck, C., Mahboub, D., and Nouicer, R.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Two-particle correlation functions, involving protons, deuterons, tritons, and alpha-particles, have been measured at very forward angles (0.7 deg < theta_lab < 7 deg), in order to study projectile-like fragment (PLF) emission in E/A = 44 and 77 MeV 40Ar + 27Al collisions. Peaks, originating from resonance decays, are larger at E/A = 44 than at 77 MeV. This reflects the larger relative importance of independently emitted light particles, as compared to two-particle decay from unstable fragments, at the higher beam energy. The time sequence of the light charged particles, emitted from the PLF, has been deduced from particle-velocity-gated correlation functions (discarding the contribution from resonance decays). Alpha-particles are found to have an average emission time shorter than protons but longer than tritons and deuterons., Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Nuclear Physics A

Published
2004
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22. Directed and elliptic flow in Au + Au at intermediate energies

Author

Lukasik, J., Auger, G., Begemann-Blaich, M. L., Bellaize, N., Bittiger, R., Bocage, F., Borderie, B., Bougault, R., Bouriquet, B., Charvet, J. L., Chbihi, A., Dayras, R., Durand, D., Frankland, J. D., Galichet, E., Gourio, D., Guinet, D., Hudan, S., Lautesse, P., Lavaud, F., Fevre, A. Le, Legrain, R., Lopez, O., Lynen, U., Mueller, W. F. J., Nalpas, L., Orth, H., Plagnol, E., Rosato, E., Saija, A., Schwarz, C., Sfienti, C., Tamain, B., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Turzo, K., Vient, E., Vigilante, M., Volant, C., and Zwieglinski, B.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Directed and elliptic flow for the Au + Au system at incident energies between 40 and 150 MeV per nucleon has been measured using the INDRA 4 pi multi-detector. For semi-central collisions, the elliptic flow of Z <= 2 particles switches from in-plane to out-of-plane enhancement at around 100 MeV per nucleon, in good agreement with the result reported by the FOPI Collaboration. The directed flow changes sign at a bombarding energy between 50 and 60 MeV per nucleon and remains negative at lower energies. The conditions for the appearance and possible origins of negative flow are discussed., Comment: 12 pages, 6 eps figures, elsart, submitted to Phys. Lett. B

Published
2004
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23. Isotopic Scaling and the Symmetry Energy in Spectator Fragmentation

Author

INDRA, The, Collaborations, ALADIN, Fèvre, A. Le, Auger, G., Begemann-Blaich, M. L., Bellaize, N., Bittiger, R., Bocage, F., Borderie, B., Bougault, R., Bouriquet, B., Charvet, J. L., Chbihi, A., Dayras, R., Durand, D., Frankland, J. D., Galichet, E., Gourio, D., Guinet, D., Hudan, S., Immé, G., Lautesse, P., Lavaud, F., Legrain, R., Lopez, O., Łukasik, J., Lynen, U., Müller, W. F. J., Nalpas, L., Orth, H., Plagnol, E., Raciti, G., Rosato, E., Saija, A., Schwarz, C., Seidel, W., Sfienti, C., Tamain, B., Trautmann, W., Trzciński, A., Turzó, K., Vient, E., Vigilante, M., Volant, C., Zwiegliński, B., and Botvina, A. S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Isotopic effects in the fragmentation of excited target residues following collisions of $^{12}$C on $^{112,124}$Sn at incident energies of 300 and 600 MeV per nucleon were studied with the INDRA 4$\pi$ detector. The measured yield ratios for light particles and fragments with atomic number $Z \leq$ 5 obey the exponential law of isotopic scaling. The deduced scaling parameters decrease strongly with increasing centrality to values smaller than 50% of those obtained for the peripheral event groups. Symmetry term coefficients, deduced from these data within the statistical description of isotopic scaling, are near $\gamma =$ 25 MeV for peripheral and $\gamma <$ 15 MeV for central collisions., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures

Published
2004
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24. Isotopic and velocity distributions of Bi produced in charge-pickup reactions of 208Pb at 1 A GeV

Author

Kelic, A., Schmidt, K. -H., Enqvist, T., Boudard, A., Armbruster, P., Benlliure, J., Bernas, M., Cajkowski, S., Legrain, R., Leray, S., Mustapha, B., Pravikoff, M., Rejmund, F., Stephan, C., Taieb, J., Tassan-Got, L., Volant, C., and Wlazlo, W.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Isotopically resolved cross sections and velocity distributions have been measured in charge-pickup reactions of 1 A GeV 208Pb with proton, deuterium and titanium target. The total and partial charge-pickup cross sections in the reactions 208Pb + 1H and 208Pb + 2H are measured to be the same in the limits of the error bars. A weak increase in the total charge-pickup cross section is seen in the reaction of 208Pb with the titanium target. The measured velocity distributions show different contributions - quasi-elastic scattering and Delta-resonance excitation - to the charge-pickup production. Data on total and partial charge-pickup cross sections from these three reactions are compared with other existing data and also with model calculations based on the coupling of different intra-nuclear cascade codes and an evaporation code., Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures, background information on http://www-w2k.gsi.de/kschmidt/

Published
2004
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25. Measurement of a complete set of nuclides, cross-sections and kinetic energies in spallation of 238U 1A GeV with protons

Author

Armbruster, P., Benlliure, J., Bernas, M., Boudard, A., Casarejos, E., Czajkowski, S., Enqvist, T., Leray, S., Napolitani, P., Pereira, J., Rejmund, F., Ricciardi, M. -V., Schmidt, K. -H., Stephan, C., Taieb, J., Tassan-Got, L., and Volant, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Spallation residues and fission fragments from 1A GeV 238U projectiles irradiating a liquid hydrogen target were investigated by using the FRagment Separator at GSI for magnetic selection of reaction products including ray-tracing, energy-loss and time-of-flight techniques. The longitudinal-momentum spectra of identified fragments were analysed, and evaporation residues and fission fragments could be separated. For 1385 nuclides, production cross-sections covering 3 orders of magnitude with a mean accuracy of 15%, velocities in the U-rest frame and kinetic energies were determined. In the reaction all elements from uranium to nitrogen were found, each with a large number of isotopes., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures

Published
2004
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26. Model-independent tracking of criticality signals in nuclear multifragmentation data

Author

Frankland, J. D., Chbihi, A., Mignon, A., Begemann-Blaich, M. L., Bittiger, R., Borderie, B., Bougault, R., Charvet, J. -L., Cussol, D., Dayras, R., Durand, D., Escano-Rodriguez, C., Galichet, E., Guinet, D., Lautesse, P., Fevre, A. Le, Legrain, R., Neindre, N. Le, Lopez, O., Lukasik, J., Lynen, U., Manduci, L., Marie, J., Muller, W. F. J., Orth, H., Parlog, M., Pichon, M., Rivet, M. F., Rosato, E., Roy, R., Saija, A., Schwarz, C., Sfienti, C., Tamain, B., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Turzo, K., Van Lauwe, A., Vigilante, M., Volant, C., Wieleczko, J. P., Zwieglinski, B., Vient, E., and Nalpas, L.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We look for signals of criticality in multifragment production in heavy-ion collisions using model-independent universal fluctuations theory. The phenomenon is studied as a function of system size, bombarding energy, and impact parameter in a wide range of INDRA data. For very central collisions (b/b_max

Published
2004
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27. Dynamical effects in multifragmentation at intermediate energies

Author

Colin, J., Cussol, D., Normand, J., Bellaize, N., Borderie, B., Bougault, R., Bouriquet, B., Buta, A. M., Charvet, J. L., Chbihi, A., Dayras, R., Durand, D., Frankland, J. D., Galichet, E., Guinet, D., Guiot, B., Hudan, S., Lautesse, P., Lavaud, F., Neindre, N. Le, Lopez, O., Manduci, L., Marie, J., Nalpas, L., Parlog, M., Pawlowski, P., Plagnol, E., Rivet, M. F., Rosato, E., Roy, R., Steckmeyer, J. C., Tamain, B., Van Lauwe, A., Vient, E., Vigilante, M., Volant, C., and Wieleczko, J. P.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The fragmentation of the quasi-projectile is studied with the INDRA multidetector for different colliding systems and incident energies in the Fermi energy range. Different experimental observations show that a large part of the fragmentation is not compatible with the statistical fragmentation of a fully equilibrated nucleus. The study of internal correlations is a powerful tool, especially to evidence entrance channel effects. These effects have to be included in the theoretical descriptions of nuclear multifragmentation., Comment: 13 pages, 26 figures, submitted to Physical Review C

Published
2003
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28. Fission-Residues Produced in the Spallation Reaction 238U+p at 1 A GeV

Author

Bernas, M., Armbruster, P., Benlliure, J., Boudard, A., Casarejos, E., Czajkowski, S., Enqvist, T., Legrain, R., Leray, S., Mustapha, B., Napolitani, P., Pereira, J., Rejmund, F., Ricciardi, M. -V., Schmidt, K. -H., Stephan, C., Taieb, J., Tassan-Got, L., and Volant, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Fission fragments from 1 A GeV 238U projectiles irradiating a hydrogen target were investigated by using the fragment separator FRS for magnetic selection of reaction products including ray-tracing and DE-ToF techniques. The momentum spectra of 733 identified fragments were analysed to provide isotopic production cross sections, fission-fragment velocities and recoil momenta of the fissioning parent nuclei. Besides their general relevance, these quantities are also demanded for applications. Calculations and simulations with codes commonly used and recently developed or improved are compared to the data., Comment: 60 pages, 21 figures, 4 tables, 2 appendices (15 pages)

Published
2003
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29. Measurement of nuclide cross-sections of spallation residues in 1 A GeV 238U + proton collisions

Author

Taieb, J., Schmidt, K. -H., Tassan-Got, L., Armbruster, P., Benlliure, J., Bernas, M., Boudard, A., Casarejos, E., Czajkowski, S., Enqvist, T., Legrain, R., Leray, S., Mustapha, B., Pravikoff, M., Rejmund, F., Stephan, C., Volant, C., and Wlazlo, W.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The production of heavy nuclides from the spallation-evaporation reaction of 238U induced by 1 GeV protons was studied in inverse kinematics. The evaporation residues from tungsten to uranium were identified in-flight in mass and atomic number. Their production cross-sections and their momentum distributions were determined. The data are compared with empirical systematics. A comparison with previous results from the spallation of 208Pb and 197Au reveals the strong influence of fission in the spallation of 238U., Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures, background information at http://www-wnt.gsi.de/kschmidt/

Published
2003
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30. Fragmentation in Peripheral Heavy-Ion Collisions: from Neck Emission to Spectator Decays

Author

Lukasik, J., Auger, G., Begemann-Blaich, M. L., Bellaize, N., Bittiger, R., Bocage, F., Borderie, B., Bougault, R., Bouriquet, B., Charvet, J. L., Chbihi, A., Dayras, R., Durand, D., Frankland, J. D., Galichet, E., Gourio, D., Guinet, D., Hudan, S., Hurst, B., Lautesse, P., Lavaud, F., Fevre, A. Le, Legrain, R., Lopez, O., Lynen, U., Mueller, W. F. J., Nalpas, L., Orth, H., Plagnol, E., Rosato, E., Saija, A., Schwarz, C., Sfienti, C., Steckmeyer, J. C., Tamain, B., Trautmann, W., Trzcinski, A., Turzo, K., Vient, E., Vigilante, M., Volant, C., Zwieglinski, B., and Botvina, A. S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Invariant cross sections of intermediate mass fragments in peripheral collisions of Au on Au at incident energies between 40 and 150 AMeV have been measured with the 4-pi multi-detector INDRA. The maximum of the fragment production is located near mid-rapidity at the lower energies and moves gradually towards the projectile and target rapidities as the energy is increased. Schematic calculations within an extended Goldhaber model suggest that the observed cross-section distributions and their evolution with energy are predominantly the result of the clustering requirement for the emerging fragments and of their Coulomb repulsion from the projectile and target residues. The quantitative comparison with transverse energy spectra and fragment charge distributions emphasizes the role of hard scattered nucleons in the fragmentation process., Comment: 5 pages, 5 eps figures, RevTeX4, submitted to Phys. Lett. B

Published
2003
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31. New approach of fragment charge correlations in 129Xe+(nat)Sn central collisions

Author

Charvet, J. L., Dayras, R., Durand, D., Lopez, O., Cussol, D., Dore, D., Nalpas, L., Van Lauwe, A., and Volant, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

A previous analysis of the charge (Z) correlations in the $\Delta Z-$ plane for Xe+Sn central collisions at 32 MeV/u has shown an enhancement in the production of equally sized fragments (low $\Delta Z$) which was interpreted as an evidence for spinodal decomposition. However the signal is weak and rises the question of the estimation of the uncorrelated yield. After a critical analysis of its robustness, we propose in this paper a new technique to build the uncorrelated yield in the charge correlation function. The application of this method to Xe+Sn central collision data at 32, 39, 45 and 50 MeV/u does not show any particular enhancement of the correlation function in any $\Delta Z$ bin., Comment: 23 pages, 9 figures, revised version with an added figure and minor changes. To appear in Nuclear Physics A

Published
2002
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32. Transverse Velocity Scaling in Au+Au Fragmentation

Author

Lukasik, J., Hudan, S., Lavaud, F., Turzo, K., Auger, G., Bacri, Ch. O., Begemann-Blaich, M. L., Bellaize, N., Bittiger, R., Bocage, F., Borderie, B., Buchet, P., Bougault, R., Bouriquet, B., Charvet, J. L., Chbihi, A., Dayras, R., Durand, D., Dore, D., Frankland, J. D., Galichet, E., Gourio, D., Guinet, D., Hurst, B., Leduc, C., Lautesse, P., Laville, J. L., Fevre, A. Le, Legrain, R., Lynen, U., Mueller, W. F. J., Lopez, O., Nalpas, L., Orth, H., Plagnol, E., Rosato, E., Saija, A., Tabacaru, G., Sfienti, C., Schwarz, C., Steckmeyer, J. C., Tamain, B., Trautmann, W., Vient, E., Trzcinski, A., Vigilante, M., Volant, C., Zwieglinski, B., and Botvina, A. S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Invariant transverse-velocity spectra of intermediate-mass fragments were measured with the 4-pi multi-detector system INDRA for collisions of Au on Au at incident energies between 40 and 150 MeV per nucleon. Their scaling properties as a function of incident energy and atomic number Z are used to distinguish and characterize the emissions in (i) peripheral collisions at the projectile and target rapidities, and in (ii) central and (iii) peripheral collisions near mid-rapidity. The importance of dynamical effects is evident in all three cases and their origin is discussed., Comment: 4 pages, 3 eps figures, RevTeX4, submitted to Phys. Rev

Published
2002
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33. Effect of the intermediate velocity emissions on the quasi-projectile properties for the Ar+Ni system at 95 A.MeV

Author

Dore, D., Buchet, Ph., Charvet, J. L., Dayras, R., Nalpas, L., Cussol, D., Lefort, T., Legrain, R., Volant, C., Auger, G., Bacri, Ch. O., Bellaize, N., Bocage, F., Bougault, R., Bouriquet, B., Brou, R., Chbihi, A., Colin, J., Demeyer, A., Durand, D., Frankland, J. D., Galichet, E., Genouin-Duhamel, E., Gerlic, E., Guinet, D., Hudan, S., Lautesse, P., Lavaud, F., Laville, J. L., Lecolley, J. F., Leduc, C., Neindre, N. Le, Lopez, O., Louvel, M., Maskay, A. M., Normand, J., Parlog, M., Pawlowski, P., Plagnol, E., Rivet, M. F., Rosato, E., Saint-Laurent, F., Steckmeyer, J. C., Stern, M., Tabacaru, G., Tamain, B., Tassan-Got, L., Tirel, O., Vient, E., and Wieleczko, J. P.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The quasi-projectile (QP) properties are investigated in the Ar+Ni collisions at 95 A.MeV taking into account the intermediate velocity emission. Indeed, in this reaction, between 52 and 95 A.MeV bombarding energies, the number of particles emitted in the intermediate velocity region is related to the overlap volume between projectile and target. Mean transverse energies of these particles are found particularly high. In this context, the mass of the QP decreases linearly with the impact parameter from peripheral to central collisions whereas its excitation energy increases up to 8 A.MeV. These results are compared to previous analyses assuming a pure binary scenario.

Published
2000
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34. Cross-sections of spallation residues produced in 1.A GeV 208Pb on proton reactions

Author

Wlazlo, W., Enqvist, T., Armbruster, P., Benlliure, J., Bernas, M., Boudard, A., Czajkowski, S., Legrain, R., Leray, S., Mustapha, B., Pravikoff, M., Rejmund, F., Schmidt, K. -H., Stephan, C., Taieb, J., Tassan-Got, L., and Volant, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Spallation residues produced in 1 GeV per nucleon $^{208}$Pb on proton reactions have been studied using the FRagment Separator facility at GSI. Isotopic produc- tion cross-sections of elements from $_{61}$Pm to $_{82}$Pb have been measured down to 0.1 mb with a high accuracy. The recoil kinetic energies of the produced fragments were also determined. The obtained cross-sections agree with most of the few existing gamma-spectroscopy data. Data are compared with different intra nuclear-cascade and evaporation-fission models. Drastic deviations were found for a standard code used in technical applications., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett. Revised version May 12, 2000

Published
2000
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35. Isospin-dependent multifragmentation of relativistic projectiles (vol 83, artn no 024608, 2011)

Author

Ogul, R, Botvina, As, Atav, U, Buyukcizmeci, N, Mishustin, In, Adrich, P, Aumann, T, Bacri, Co, Barczyk, T, Bassini, R, Bianchin, S, Boiano, C, Boudard, A, Brzychczyk, J, Chbihi, A, Cibor, J, Czech, B, De Napoli, M, Ducret, Je, Emling, H, Frankland, Jd, Hellstrom, M, Henzlova, D, Imme', Giuseppina, Iori, I, Johansson, H, Kezzar, K, Lafriakh, A, Le Fevre, A, Le Gentil, E, Leifels, Y, Luhning, J, Lukasik, J, Lynch, Wg, Lynen, U, Majka, Z, Mocko, M, Muller, Wfj, Mykulyak, A, Orth, H, Otte, An, Palit, R, Pawlowski, P, Pullia, A, Raciti, G, Rapisarda, E, Sann, H, Schwarz, C, Sfienti, C, Simon, H, Summerer, K, Trautmann, W, Tsang, Mb, Verde, G, Volant, C, Wallace, M, Weick, H, Wiechula, J, Wieloch, A, and Zwieglinski, B.

Published
2012

36. Coincidence measurement of residues and light particles in the reaction $^{56}Fe+p$ at 1 GeV per nucleon with SPALADIN

Author

Le Gentil, E., Aumann, T., Bacri, C. O., Benlliure, J., Bianchin, S., Böhmer, M., Boudard, A., Brzychczyk, J., Casarejos, E., Combet, M., Donadille, L., Ducret, J. E., Fernandez-Ordoñez, M., Gernhäuser, R., Johansson, H., Kezzar, K., Kurtukian Nieto, T., Lafriakh, A., Lavaud, F., Fèvre, A. Le, Leray, S., Lühning, J., Lukasik, J., Lynen, U., Müller, W. F., Pawlowski, P., Piétri, S., Rejmund, F., Schwarz, C., Sfienti, C., Simon, H., Trautmann, W., Volant, C., Yordanov, O., Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
25.40.Sc, 24.10.-i, 25.70.Pq, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The spallation of $^{56}$Fe in collisions with hydrogen at 1 A GeV has been studied in inverse kinematics with the large-aperture setup SPALADIN at GSI. Coincidences of residues with low-center-of-mass kinetic energy light particles and fragments have been measured allowing the decomposition of the total reaction cross-section into the different possible de-excitation channels. Detailed information on the evolution of these de-excitation channels with excitation energy has also been obtained. The comparison of the data with predictions of several de-excitation models coupled to the INCL4 intra-nuclear cascade model shows that only GEMINI can reasonably account for the bulk of collected results, indicating that in a light system with no compression and little angular momentum, multifragmentation might not be necessary to explain the data., Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, revised version accepted in Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2008

37. Source shape determination with directional fragment-fragment velocity correlations

Author

Le Fevre, Arnaud, Schwarz, Carsten, Auger, G., Begemann-Blaich, M. L., Bellaize, N., Bittiger, R., Bocage, F., Borderie, B., Bougault, R., Bouriquet, B., Charvet, J. L., Chbihi, A., Dayras, R., Durand, D., Frankland, J. D., Galichet, E., Gourio, D., Guinet, D., Hudan, S., Lautesse, P., Lavaud, F., Legrain, R., Lopez, O., Łukasik, J., Lynen, U., Müller, Walter, Nalpas, L., Orth, Herbert, Plagnol, E., Rosato, E., Saija, A., Sfienti, C., Tamain, B., Trautmann, Wolfgang, Trzciński, A., Turzó, K., Vient, E., Vigilante, M., Volant, C., Zwiegliński, B., A., Le Fèvre, C., Schwarz, G., Auger, M. L., Begemann Blaich, N., Bellaize, R., Bittiger, F., Bocage, B., Borderie, R., Bougault, B., Bouriquet, J. L., Charvet, A., Chbihi, R., Dayra, D., Durand, J. D., Frankland, E., Galichet, D., Gourio, D., Guinet, S., Hudan, P., Lautesse, F., Lavaud, R., Legrain, O., Lopez, J., Łukasik, U., Lynen, W. F. J., Müller, L., Nalpa, H., Orth, E., Plagnol, Rosato, Elio, A., Saija, C., Sfienti, B., Tamain, W., Trauttmann, A., Trzciński, K., Turzó, E., Vient, Vigilante, Mariano, C., Volant, B., Zwiegliński, Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), ALADIN, INDRA, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 25.70.Pq, 24.60.-k, 25.75.Gz, Correlation functions, Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Breakup state, 0103 physical sciences, Heavy ion collisions, Incident energy, ddc:530, Sensitivity (control systems), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Coordinate space, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, Multifragmentation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Fragment (computer graphics), Breakup, Computational physics, Volume (thermodynamics), Beam direction, Atomic physics, Nucleon
Abstract

Correlation functions, constructed from directional projections of the relative velocities of fragments, are used to determine the shape of the breakup volume in coordinate space. For central collisions of 129Xe + natSn at 50 MeV per nucleon incident energy, measured with the 4pi multi-detector INDRA at GSI, a prolate shape aligned along the beam direction with an axis ratio of 1:0.7 is deduced. The sensitivity of the method is discussed in comparison with conventional fragment-fragment velocity correlations., 12 pages, 5 figures, subm. to Phys. Lett. B

Published
2008

38. Production of medium-mass neutron-rich nuclei in reactions induced by $^{136}$Xe projectiles at 1 A GeV on a beryllium target

Author

Benlliure, J., Fernandez-Ordonez, M., Audouin, L., Boudard, A., Casarejos, E., Ducret, J. E., Enqvist, T., Heinz, A., Henzlova, D., Henzl, V., Kelic, A., Leray, S., Napolitani, P., Pereira, J., Rejmund, F., Ricciardi, M. V., Schmidt, K. -H., Schmitt, C., Stephan, C., Tassan-Got, L., Volant, C., Villagrasa, C., Yordanov, O., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Production cross sections of medium-mass neutron-rich nuclei obtained in the fragmentation of 136Xe projectiles at 1 A GeV have been measured with the FRagment Separator (FRS) at GSI. 125Pd was identified for the first time. The measured cross sections are compared to 238U fission yields and model calculations in order to determine the optimum reaction mechanism to extend the limits of the chart of the nuclides around the r-process waiting point at N=82., 9 pages, 6 figures

Published
2008

39. Spallation Residues in the Reaction $^{56}$Fe + p at 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5 A GeV

Author

Villagrasa-Canton, C., Boudard, A., Ducret, J. -E., Fernandez, B., Leray, S., Volant, C., Armbruster, P., Enqvist, T., Hammache, F., Helariutta, K., Jurado, B., Ricciardi, M. -V., Schmidt, K. -H., Summerer, K., Vives, F., Yordanov, O., Audouin, L., Bacri, C. -O., Ferrant, L., Napolitani, P., Rejmund, F., Stephan, C., Tassan-Got, L., Benlliure, J., Casarejos, E., Fernandez-Ordonez, M., Pereira, J., Czajkowski, S., Karamanis, D., Pravikoff, M., George, J. S., Mewaldt, R. A., Yanasak, N., Wiedenbeck, M., Connell, J. J., Faestermann, T., Heinz, A., Junghans, A., Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The spallation residues produced in the bombardment of 56}Fe at 1.5, 1.0, 0.75, 0.5 and 0.3 A GeV on a liquid-hydrogen target have been measured using the reverse kinematics technique and the Fragment Separator at GSI (Darmstadt). This technique has permitted the full identification in charge and mass of all isotopes produced with cross-sections larger than 10^{-2} mb down to Z=8. Their individual production cross-sections and recoil velocities at the five energies are presented. Production cross-sections are compared to previously existing data and to empirical parametric formulas, often used in cosmic-ray astrophysics. The experimental data are also extensively compared to different combinations of intra-nuclear cascade and de-excitation models. It is shown that the yields of the lightest isotopes cannot be accounted for by standard evaporation models. The GEMINI model, which includes an asymmetric fission decay mode, gives an overall good agreement with the data. These experimental data can be directly used for the estimation of composition modifications and damages in materials containing iron in spallation sources. They are also useful for improving high precision cosmic-ray measurements., Submited to Phys. Rev. C (10/2006)

Published
2007

40. Spallation residues in the reaction ^(56)Fe + p at 0.3A, 0.5A, 0.75A, 1.0A, and 1.5A GeV

Author

Villagrasa-Canton, C., Boudard, A., Ducret, J.-E., Fernandez, B., Leray, S., Volant, C., Armbruster, P., Enqvist, T., Hammache, F., Helariutta, K., Jurado, B., Ricciardi, M. V., Schmidt, K.-H., Sümmerer, K., Vives, F., Yordanov, O., Audouin, L., Bacri, C.-O., Ferrant, L., Napolitani, P., Rejmund, F., Stephan, C., Tassan-Got, L., Benlliure, J., Casarejos, E., Fernandez-Ordonez, M., Pereira, J., Czajkowski, S., Karamanis, D., Pravikoff, M., George, J. S., Mewaldt, R. A., Yanasak, N., Wiedenbeck, M., Connell, J. J., Faestermann, T., Heinz, A., and Junghans, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The spallation residues produced in the bombardment of ^(56)Fe at 1.5A, 1.0A, 0.75A, 0.5A, and 0.3A GeV on a liquid-hydrogen target have been measured using the reverse kinematics technique and the fragment separator at GSI (Darmstadt). This technique has permitted the full identification in charge and mass of all isotopes produced with cross sections larger than 10^(-2) mb down to Z=8. Their individual production cross sections and recoil velocities at the five energies are presented. Production cross sections are compared with previously existing data and with empirical parametric formulas, often used in cosmic-ray astrophysics. The experimental data are also extensively compared with the results of different combinations of intranuclear cascade and deexcitation models. It is shown that the yields of the lightest isotopes cannot be accounted for by standard evaporation models. The GEMINI model, which includes an asymmetric fission decay mode, gives an overall good agreement with the data. These experimental data can be directly used for the estimation of composition modifications and damages in materials containing iron in spallation sources. They are also useful for improving high-precision cosmic-ray measurements.

Published
2007

41. Transition from participant to spectator fragmentation in Au+Au reactions between 60A and 150A MeV

Author

Zbiri, K., Le Fevre, A., Aichelin, Joerg, Lukasik, J., Reisdorf, W., Gulminelli, F., Lynen, U., Müller, W.F.J., Orth, H., Schwarz, C., Sfienti, C., Trautmann, W., Turzó, K., Zwieglinski, B., Auger, G., Charvet, J.L., Chbihi, A., Dayras, R., Durand, D., Frankland, J.D., Legrain, R., Le Neindre, N., Lopez, O., Nalpas, L., Pârlog, M., Plagnol, E., F. Rivet, M., Rosato, E., Vient, E., Vigilante, M., Volant, C., Wieleczko, J.P., Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), ALADIN, INDRA, Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Nuclear Theory, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Using the quantum molecular dynamics approach, we analyze the results of the recent INDRA Au+Au experiments at GSI in the energy range between 60 AMeV and 150 AMeV. It turns out that in this energy region the transition toward a participant-spectator scenario takes place. The large Au+Au system displays in the simulations as in the experiment simultaneously dynamical and statistical behavior which we analyze in detail: The composition of fragments close to midrapidity follows statistical laws and the system shows bi-modality, i.e. a sudden transition between different fragmentation pattern as a function of the centrality as expected for a phase transition. The fragment spectra at small and large rapidities, on the other hand, are determined by dynamics and the system as a whole does not come to equilibrium, an observation which is confirmed by FOPI experiments for the same system., Comment: published version

Published
2007

42. Isotopic effects in nuclear reactions at relativistic energies

Author

Sfienti, C., Napoli, M., Bianchin, S., Botvina, A. S., Brzychczyk, J., Le Fèvre, A., Lukasik, J., Pawlowski, P., Trautmann, W., Adrich, P., Aumann, T., Bacri, C. O., Barczyk, T., Bassini, R., Boiano, C., Boudard, A., Abdelouahad Chbihi, Cibor, J., Czech, B., Ducret, J. E., Emling, H., Frankland, J. D., Hellström, M., Henzlova, D., Kezzar, K., Immè, G., Iori, I., Johansson, H., Lafriakh, A., Le Gentil, E., Leifels, Y., Lynch, W. G., Lühning, J., Lynen, U., Majka, Z., Mocko, M., Müller, W. F. J., Mykulyak, A., Orth, H., Otte, A. N., Palit, R., Pullia, A., Raciti, G., Rapisarda, E., Sann, H., Schwarz, C., Simon, H., Sümmerer, K., Volant, C., Wallace, M., Weick, H., Wiechula, J., Wieloch, A., Zwieglinski, B., Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (INFN), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), I. Iori, A. Tarantola, ALADIN, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania (INFN), Università degli studi di Catania [Catania], H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and Università degli studi di Catania = University of Catania (Unict)

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

A systematic study of isotopic effects in the break-up of projectile spectators at relativistic energies has been performed at the GSI laboratory with the ALADiN spectrometer coupled to the LAND neutron detector. Besides a primary beam of 124Sn, also secondary beams of 124La and 107Sn produced at the FRS fragment separator have been used in order to extend the range of isotopic compositions. The gross properties of projectile fragmentation are very similar for all the studied systems but specific isotopic effects have been observed in both neutron and charged particle production. The breakup temperatures obtained from the double ratios of isotopic yields have been extracted and compared with the limiting-temperature expectation., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, Proceeding of the XLV International Winter Meeting on Nuclear Physics, Bormio (Italy), 14-21 January 2007

Published
2007

43. Isotopic production cross-sections and recoil velocities of spallation-fission fragments in the reaction 238U(1A GeV)+e

Author

Pereira, J, Pravikoff, M, Wlazlo, W, Benlliure, J, Casarejos, E, Armbruster, P, Bernas, M, Enqvist, T, Legrain, R, Leray, S, Rejmund, F, Mustapha, B, Schmidt, K.-H, Stéphan, C, Taïeb, J, Tassan-Got, L, Volant, C, Boudard, A, and Czajkowski, S

Subjects
TASK 11 [11]
Abstract

Fission fragments of 1A GeV 238U nuclei interacting with a deuterium target have been investigatedwith the Fragment Separator (FRS) at GSI (Darmstadt) by measuring their isotopicproduction cross-sections and recoil velocities. The results, along with those obtained recently forspallation-evaporation fragments, provide a comprehensive analysis of the spallation nuclear productionsin the reaction 238U(1A GeV)+d. Details about experiment performance, data reductionand results will be presented.

Published
2007

44. Isotopic production cross sections and recoil velocities of spallation-fission fragments in the reaction 238U1A GeV+d

Author

Pereira, J., Benlliure, J., Casarejos, E., Armbruster, P., Bernas, M., Boudard, A., Czajkowski, S., Enqvist, T., Legrain, R., Leray, S., Mustapha, B., Pravikoff, M., Rejmund, F., Schmidt, K.-H., Stéphan, C., Taïeb, J., Tassan-Got, L., Volant, C., Wlazlo, W., Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
25.40.Sc, 25.45.-z, 25.85.-w, 29.25.Rm, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Abstract

PACS; Fission fragments of 1A GeV238U nuclei interacting with a deuterium target have been investigated with the Fragment Separator (FRS) at Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) by measuring their isotopic production cross sections and velocities. Results, along with those obtained recently for spallation-evaporation fragments, provide a comprehensive analysis of the spallation nuclear productions in this reaction. Details about the experimental performance, data reduction and results are presented.

Published
2007

45. Residues production in the $^{136}$Xe +p spallation reaction relevant for the incineration of nuclear waste

Author

Paradela, C., Giot, Lydie, Ordonez, M.F., Audouin, L., Benlliure, J., Boudard, A., Casarejos, E., Ducret, J.E., Enqvist, T., Heinz, A., Henzl, V., Henzlova, D., Junghans, A., Jurado, B., Kelic, A., Krasa, A., Kurtukian Nieto, T., Leray, S., Napolitani, P., Pereira, J., Pleskac, R., Rejmund, F., Ricciardi, M.V., Schmitt, C., Stephan, C., Schmidt, K.-H., Tassan-Got, L., Villagrasa, C., Volant, C., Wagner, A., Yordanov, O., Lion, Michel, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Physics::Accelerator Physics, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The perspective of incineration of nuclear wastes in subcritical reactors (ADS) have triggered a dedicated long-range research program at GSI in order to reach a full comprehension of the protons and deuterons induced spallation reactions by measurements of evaporation and fission residues with the FRS spectrometer in inverse kinematics. One of the studied systems was 136Xe + p at different energies. Such system behavior remains similar to that of a lead system, found in ADS spallation target, while it can be studied at lower energies reached for the last. In this presentation, we will report on the results obtained on the spallation of 136Xe by protons at 500 A MeV and 200 A MeV, supplying experimental information in an energy range which contributes significantly to the spallation shower in a thick target geometry, and where the intra-nuclear cascade codes present more discrepancies with data. The main challenge of this experiment is related to the lower energy, because of the apparition of different atomic charge states that difficults the mass and charge identification. The measured cross sections of the isotopes produced in the 136Xe + 1H spallation reaction, their evolution with energy and their comparison with different intranuclear-cascade models and evaporation codes will be presented. An interesting feature is the even-odd staggering observed in the production cross sections of the heavy residues for Z=53, 54. This effect was better reproduced with a combination of the INCL4 intra-nuclear cascade and the statistical code ABLA, by introducing structural properties in the statistical decay of prefragments, as already developed in the case of the spallation of 238U + Ti at 1 A GeV

Published
2007

46. Measurement of the complete nuclide production and kinetic energies of the system $^{136}$Xe + hydrogen at 1 GeV per nucleon

Author

Napolitani, P., Schmidt, K. -H., Tassan-Got, L., Armbruster, P., Enqvist, T., Heinz, A., Henzl, V., Henzlova, D., Kelic, A., Pleskac, R., Ricciardi, M. V., Schmitt, C., Yordanov, O., Audouin, L., Bernas, M., Lafriaskh, A., Rejmund, F., Stephan, C., Benlliure, J., Casarejos, E., Ordonez, M. Fernandez, Pereira, J., Boudard, A., Fernandez, B., Leray, S., Villagrasa, C., Volant, C., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We present an extensive overview of production cross sections and kinetic energies for the complete set of nuclides formed in the spallation of 136Xe by protons at the incident energy of 1 GeV per nucleon. The measurement was performed in inverse kinematics at the FRagment Separator (GSI, Darmstadt). Slightly below the Businaro-Gallone point, 136Xe is the stable nuclide with the largest neutron excess. The kinematic data and cross sections collected in this work for the full nuclide production are a general benchmark for modelling the spallation process in a neutron-rich nuclear system, where fission is characterised by predominantly mass-asymmetric splits., Comment: 18 pages, 14 figures

Published
2007

47. Isotopic effects in nuclear reactions at relativistic energies

Author

Sfienti, C, DE NAPOLI, M., Bianchin, S., Brzychczyk, J., LE FÈVRE, A., Lukasik, J., Pawloswki, P., Trautmann, W., Adrich, P., Aumann, T., Bacri, C. O., Barczyk, T., Bassini, R., Boiano, C., Botvina, A. S., Boudard, A., Chbihi, A., Cibor, J., Czech, B., Ducret, J. E., Emling, H., Frankland, J. D., Hellström, M., Henzlova, D., Kezzar, K., Imme', Giuseppina, Iori, I., Johansson, H., Lafriakh, A., LE GENTIL, E., Leifels, Y., Lynch, W. G., Lühning, J., Lynen, U., Majka, Z., Mocko, M., Müller, W. F. J., Mykulyak, A., Orth, H., Otte, A. N., Palit, R., Pullia, A., Raciti, G., Rapisarda, E., Sann, H., Schwarz, C., Simon, H., Sokolov, A., Sümmerer, K., Tsang, M. B., Volant, C., Wallace, M., Weick, H., Wiechula, J., Wieloch, A, and Zwieglinski, B.

Published
2007

48. Mass measurement and isoscaling in 124Sn+Sn and 107Sn+Sn reactions at 600AMeV

Author

Bianchin, S, Sfienti, C, Lukasik, J., LE FÈVRE, A., Trautmann, W., Adrich, P., Aumann, T., Bacri, C. O., Barczyk, T., Bassini, R., Boiano, C., Botvina, A. S., Boudard, A., Brzychczyk, J., Chbihi, A., Cibor, J., Czech, B., DE NAPOLI, M., Ducret, J. E., Emling, H., Frankland, J. D., Hellström, M., Henzlova, D., Kezzar, K., Imme', Giuseppina, Iori, I., Johansson, H., Lafriakh, A., LE GENTIL, E., Leifels, Y., Lynch, W. G., Lühning, J., Lynen, U., Majka, Z., Mocko, M., Müller, W. F. J., Mykulyak, A., Orth, H., Otte, A. N., Palit, R., Pawloswki, P., Pullia, A., Raciti, G., Rapisarda, E., Sann, H., Schwarz, C., Simon, H., Sokolov, A., Sümmerer, K., Tsang, M. B., Volant, C., Wallace, M., Weick, H., Wiechula, J., and Wieloch, A.

Published
2007

49. Spallation studies at GSI

Author

GIOT, Lydie, NAPOLITANI, P., F. ORDONEZ, M., HENZLOVA, D., AUDOUIN, L., BENLLIURE, J., BOUDARD, A., CASAJEROS, E., E. DUCRET, J., ENQVIST, T., HEINZ, A., HENZL, V., JUNGHANS, A., JURADO, B., KELIC, A., KRASA, A., KURTUKIAN NIETO, T., LERAY, S., PEREIRA, J., PLESKAC, R., REJMUND, F., V. RICCIARDI, M., SCHMITT, C., STEPHAN, C., SCHMIDT, K.-H., TASSAN-GOT, L., VILLAGRASA, C., VOLANT, C., WAGNER, A., YORDANOV, O., Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Gadioli E., Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Accelerator Physics, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

International audience; An extended experimental and theoretical campaign dedicated to the studies of spallation reactions in inverse kinematics has been performed at GSI, Darmstadt. This research program on spallation reactions is based on an innovative experimental approach, which exploits the unique installations of GSI: the accelerator complex provides heavy-ion beams at relativistic energies, while a high-resolution magnetic spectrometer is used to identify the reaction products in-flight in mass and atomic number and to determine their kinematical properties. In this paper, we report the results obtained in this program on the spallation of 136Xe on protons at 500 A MeV.

Published
2006

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