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Energy management system (EMS) is able to coordinate the generation and load to ensure economic and reliable operation and improve performance metrics of microgrids (MGs). However, most the previous studies have focused mainly on the optimal dispatch of the gas turbines and/or energy storage systems inside a normal MG. Very few works have been carried out to address the potential power outage in MGs. In this study, a novel optimal approach in the EMS based on online forecasts is proposed to minimise the system-wide outages of MG, specifically through pre-emptive load shedding. Online distributed generations' output forecasts are updated to predict the state of system and characterise potential upcoming outages. Proper control strategies based on receding horizon methods are introduced in this study. Outage mitigation actions using pre-emptive load shedding are then performed to avoid power outages or minimise the duration of unavoidable outages. The effectiveness of proposed approach can be demonstrated in the presence of various fluctuations, which can be easily integrated in the EMS for both islanded and grid-connected MGs.

An ideal packets pipeline operation scheme was used to set up the path-oriented capacity analytical model in single user multi-channel network. Then, through analyzing the essence of resource competition in multi-channel net- works, the resource constraint model of node contention domain was constructed. Furthermore, the network capacity analytical model in multi-user multi-channel network was set up based on mathematical programming. The centralized and distributed computing methods and applications are studied. The model can describe the path capacity, the network capacity, and the contention relation of the flows in multi-hop multi-channel network. The model is simple, and it can di- rect the network deployment and the design of network protocols.

The catalytic pyrolysis pathways of carbonyl compounds in coal were systematically studied using density functional theory (DFT), with benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO) employed as a coal-based model compound and ZnO, γ-Al2O3, and CaO as catalysts. The results show that the products of both pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis are C6H6 and CO. However, the presence of any of the catalysts changes the reaction pathway and reduces the energy barrier, indicating that these catalysts promote C6H5CHO decomposition.The presence of catalysts changes the reaction pathway and the energy barrier decreases in the order Ea (no catalyst)> Ea (CaO)> Ea (γ-Al2O3)> Ea (ZnO), indicating that these catalysts promote C6H5CHO decomposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]