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1. Hadronic cross section measurements with the DAMPE space mission using 20GeV-10TeV cosmic-ray protons and $^4$He

Author: Alemanno, F., An, Q., Azzarello, P., Barbato, F. C. T., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cagnoli, I., Cai, M. S., Casilli, E., Catanzani, E., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, J. L., Chen, Z. F., Coppin, P., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Cui, Y. X., Dai, H. T., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., de Palma, F., Di Giovanni, A., Ding, Q., Dong, T. K., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Fang, K., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Frieden, J. M., Fusco, P., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, L. Y., Jiang, Y. Z., Jiang, W., Kong, J., Kotenko, A., Kyratzis, D., Lei, S. J., Li, W. H., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Liang, Y. M., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Parenti, A., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Perrina, C., Putti-Garcia, E., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Ruina, A., Sarkar, R., Savina, P., Serpolla, A., Shangguan, Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Silveri, L., Song, J. X., Stolpovskiy, M., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, H. R., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, S., Wang, S. X., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, H. T., Xu, J., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, E. H., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, G. W., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., and Zhu, Y.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Precise direct cosmic-ray (CR) measurements provide an important probe to study the energetic particle sources in our Galaxy, and the interstellar environment through which these particles propagate. Uncertainties on hadronic models, ion-nucleon cross sections in particular, are currently the limiting factor towards obtaining more accurate CR ion flux measurements with calorimetric space-based experiments. We present an energy-dependent measurement of the inelastic cross section of protons and helium-4 nuclei (alpha particles) on a Bi$_4$Ge$_3$O$_{12}$ target, using 88 months of data collected by the DAMPE space mission. The kinetic energy range per nucleon of the measurement points ranges from 18 GeV to 9 TeV for protons, and from 5 GeV/n to 3 TeV/n for helium-4 nuclei. Our results lead to a significant improvement of the CR flux normalisation. In the case of helium-4, these results correspond to the first cross section measurements on a heavy target material at energies above 10 GeV/n., Comment: 17 pages, submitted to PRD
Published: 2024

2. Sivelestat Sodium Alleviates Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via Suppressing TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Mice

Author: Wang J, Wu Y, Mao M, Bing H, Sun L, Xu W, Tian W, Xia Z, Jin X, and Chu Q
Subjects: neutrophil elastase, ischemia reperfusion injury, renal dysfunction, inflammation, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Jie Wang,1 Yuanbo Wu,2 Meng Mao,3 Hailong Bing,1 Liwei Sun,1 Wei Xu,1 Wangli Tian,1 Zhengyuan Xia,4,5 Xiaogao Jin,1,6 Qinjun Chu1 1Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 3Center for Advanced Medicine, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450007, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; 6Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaogao Jin; Qinjun Chu, Email jinxiaoagao@zzu.edu.cn; jimmynetchu@163.comPurpose: We aim to detect the effects of sivelestat on renal ischemia-reperfusion associated with AKI and also explore the underlying mechanism.Materials and Methods: Mice, aged between 8 and 12 weeks, were randomly allocated among four distinct groups, respectively normal saline sham group(C), normal saline surgery group(I), sivelestat (50 mg/kg) sham group(S), sivelestat (50 mg/kg) surgery group(SI) (n=6, each group). In the surgical groups, the renal pedicles of mice were clamped with non-traumatic micro-aneurysm clamps, resulting in ischemia of the kidneys for 45 minutes. This was followed by a period of reperfusion lasting 24 hours. Sham group mice underwent the identical surgery produced without clamping renal pedicles. Mice blood was obtained from eyeballs, and Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were measured. After a 24-hour period of reperfusion, the mice were euthanized, and their kidneys were gathered for various analyses, including Western Blot (WB) analysis, RT-PCR, immunofluorescence (IF), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and Tunel assay.Results: Pretreatments with sivelestat decreased renal Neutrophil elastase (NE), serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels after renal ischemia-reperfusion. Sivelestat also reduced histological damage and cell apoptosis in kidneys following ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). In addition, the sivelestat administration diminished the levels of mRNA expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6), Macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the kidneys during IRI. The kidney tissues of the SI group had significantly mitigated TLR4, Myd88, and NF-κB p-p65 protein expression levels compared to the I group (all P< 0.05).Conclusion: We demonstrated a previously unidentified mechanism that sivelestat effectively attenuates AKI-induced renal dysfunction, possibly through suppressing the TLR4/Myd88/ NF-κB pathway.Keywords: neutrophil elastase, ischemia reperfusion injury, renal dysfunction, inflammation
Published: 2024

3. AGXT2 Suppresses the Proliferation and Dissemination of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Modulating Intracellular Lipid Metabolism

Author: Chen T, Xiang L, Zhang W, Xia Z, and Chen W
Subjects: ldlr, pcsk9, cholesterol metabolic, biomarkers, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Tian Chen,1 Lunjian Xiang,2 Wenjin Zhang,3 Zhenyi Xia,4,&ast; Weixian Chen1,&ast; 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 3Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 4Thoracic surgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Weixian Chen; Zhenyi Xia, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 74 Linjing Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400010, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613527526490, Fax +86-23-581045783, Email 300801@cqmu.edu.cn; treezhenyi@163.comPurpose: Alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT) family members are crucial in cancer processes, but their role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metabolism is unclear. This study investigates AGXT2’s function in HCC.Patients and Methods: AGTX2 expression was studied using bioinformatics, real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blot, and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A lentivirus-induced AGTX2 overexpression cell model was analyzed with RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Cholesterol levels were confirmed by Oil Red O staining. AGTX2 effects were evaluated through cell cycle analysis, wound healing, and transwell migration assays.Tumorigenic effects were observed in NOD-SCID IL2Rγnull (NTG) mice in subcutaneous experiments. Protein interaction was examined through co-immunoprecipitation methods.Results: We observed a significant reduction in AGXT2 mRNA and protein levels in both HCC tumor tissues and serum samples from patients with liver cancer, which was associated with a worse prognosis. The activation of AGXT2 has been shown to effectively decrease cholesterol levels in liver cancer cells, serving as an antagonist in the cholesterol metabolism pathway. An increase in low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) mRNA was noted in cells overexpressing AGXT2, accompanied by a decrease in LDLR protein and an elevation in proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) mRNA and protein levels. Molecular docking and co-immunoprecipitation experiments further elucidated the interaction between AGXT2 and LDLR proteins. AGXT2 was observed to suppress the migratory and invasive capabilities of HCC cells, inducing cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. AGXT2 activation inhibited subcutaneous liver cancer tumor growth in NTG mice.Conclusion: AGXT2 was found to lower cholesterol levels in liver cancer cells, possibly through interactions with the LDLR protein and modulation of PCSK9-mediated LDLR degradation. This mechanism may impede cholesterol transport to liver cancer cells, thereby suppressing their growth and metastasis.Keywords: LDLR, PCSK9, cholesterol metabolic, biomarkers
Published: 2024

4. Acute Intermittent Porphyria Presenting with Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome, Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome and Myocardial Ischemia: A Case Report and Review

Author: Zhang B, Bu C, Zhao Y, and Xia Z
Subjects: acute intermittent porphyria, epilepsy, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, myocardial ischemia, Psychology, BF1-990, Industrial psychology, HF5548.7-5548.85
Abstract: Bin Zhang,1,2 Chunqing Bu,3 Yuying Zhao,4 Zhangyong Xia1,5– 7 1Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of MR, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 4Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Laboratory for Complex and Rare Neurological Disorders, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Neurology, the Second People’s Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 7State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Shandong Sub-Centre, Liaocheng, Shandong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhangyong Xia, Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Shandong University, No. 67, West Dongchang Road, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, 252000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13346257100, Email xiazhangyong2013@163.comAbstract: Acute intermittent porphyria is a rare autosomal dominant metabolic disorder. It can affect the autonomic, peripheral, and central nervous system. The present study reports on the case of 28-year-old Chinese female patient with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome and myocardial ischemia which have been very rarely reported in patients with acute intermittent porphyria.Keywords: acute intermittent porphyria, epilepsy, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, myocardial ischemia
Published: 2024

5. Measurement of the cosmic p+He energy spectrum from 50 GeV to 0.5 PeV with the DAMPE space mission

Author: DAMPE Collaboration, Alemanno, F., Altomare, C., An, Q., Azzarello, P., Barbato, F. C. T., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cagnoli, I., Cai, M. S., Casilli, E., Catanzani, E., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, J. L., Chen, Z. F., Coppin, P., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Cui, Y. X., Dai, H. T., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., de Palma, F., Deliyergiyev, M., Di Giovanni, A., Di Santo, M., Ding, Q., Dong, T. K., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Fang, K., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Alonso, M. Fernandez, Frieden, J. M., Fusco, P., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, L. Y., Jiang, Y. Z., Jiang, W., Kong, J., Kotenko, A., Kyratzis, D., Lei, S. J., Li, W. H., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Liang, Y. M., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Salinas, M. Muñoz, Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Parenti, A., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Perrina, C., Putti-Garcia, E., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Ruina, A., Shangguan, Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Silveri, L., Song, J. X., Stolpovskiy, M., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, H. R., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, S., Wang, S. X., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, H. T., Xu, J., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, E. H., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, G. W., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., and Zhu, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Recent observations of the light component of the cosmic-ray spectrum have revealed unexpected features that motivate further and more precise measurements up to the highest energies. The Dark Matter Particle Explorer is a satellite-based cosmic-ray experiment that has been operational since December 2015, continuously collecting data on high-energy cosmic particles with very good statistics, energy resolution, and particle identification capabilities. In this work, the latest measurements of the energy spectrum of proton+helium in the energy range from 46 GeV to 464 TeV are presented. Among the most distinctive features of the spectrum, a spectral hardening at 600 GeV has been observed, along with a softening at 29 TeV measured with a 6.6{\sigma} significance. Moreover, the detector features and the analysis approach allowed for the extension of the spectral measurement up to the sub-PeV region. Even if with small statistical significance due to the low number of events, data suggest a new spectral hardening at about 150 TeV., Comment: Published on PRD
Published: 2023
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6. Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. Ameliorates Neuropathic Pain by Regulating Microglial M1 Polarization: A Study Based on Network Pharmacology

Author: Cui S, Feng X, and Xia Z
Subjects: neuropathic pain, ligusticum chuanxiong hort., network pharmacology, molecular docking, microglia, inflammation, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Shanshan Cui,1 Xiaobo Feng,2 Zhongyuan Xia1 1Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhongyuan Xia, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Ziyang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China, Email xiazhongyuan2005@aliyun.comBackground: In traditional Chinese medicine, Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (LCH) is used to treat neuropathic pain (NP). This study was performed to investigate the underlying pharmacological mechanisms.Methods: The main components of the LCH were obtained from the TCMSP database. The targets of the active components were obtained using the Swiss Target Prediction database and HERB database. The NP-related genes were obtained from the CTD database and GeneCard database. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING platform and Cytoscape 3.9.0 software. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed using the DAVID database. Interactions between the key components and hub target proteins were verified using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. In addition, microglial cell line HMC3 was induced to polarize to the M1 phenotype using 100 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to detect the expression levels of M1 markers and inflammatory factors, respectively.Results: Seven LCH active components of LCH were identified, corresponding to 387 target genes. 2019 NP-related genes were obtained, and a total of 174 NP-related genes were identified as target genes that could be modulated by LCH. Beta-sitosterol, senkyunone, wallichilide, myricanone, and mandenol were considered as the key components of LCH in the treatment of NP. SRC, BCL2, AKT1, HIF1A and HSP90AA1 were identified as the hub target proteins. GO analysis showed that 328 biological processes, 61 cell components, and 85 molecular functions were likely modulated by the components of LCH, and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that 132 signaling pathways were likely modulated by the components of LCH. Beta-sitosterol, senkyunone, wallichilide, myricanone, and mandenol showed good binding activity with hub target proteins including SRC, BCL2, AKT1, and HSP90AA1. In addition, beta-sitosterol inhibited LPS-induced M1 polarization in HMC3 in vitro.Conclusion: This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of LCH in the treatment of NP through multicomponent, multitarget, and multiple pathways.Keywords: neuropathic pain, Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., network pharmacology, molecular docking, microglia, inflammation
Published: 2024

7. Search for relativistic fractionally charged particles in space

Author: DAMPE Collaboration, Alemanno, F., Altomare, C., An, Q., Azzarello, P., Barbato, F. C. T., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cai, M. S., Casilli, E., Catanzani, E., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, J. L., Chen, Z. F., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Cui, Y. X., Dai, H. T., De-Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., de Palma, F., Deliyergiyev, M., Di Giovanni, A., Di Santo, M., Ding, Q., Dong, T. K., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., D'Urso, D., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Fang, K., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Alonso, M. F., Frieden, J. M., Fusco, P., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, L. Y., Jiang, W., Kong, J., Kotenko, A., Kyratzis, D., Lei, S. J., Li, W. L., Li, W. H., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Liang, Y. M., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Salinas, M. M., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Parenti, A., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Perrina, C., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Ruina, A., Shangguan, Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Silveri, L., Song, J. X., Stolpovskiy, M., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, H. R., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, S., Wang, S. X., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. Z., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, E. H., Xu, H. T., Xu, J., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, G. W., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yi., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., and Zhu, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract: More than a century after the performance of the oil drop experiment, the possible existence of fractionally charged particles FCP still remains unsettled. The search for FCPs is crucial for some extensions of the Standard Model in particle physics. Most of the previously conducted searches for FCPs in cosmic rays were based on experiments underground or at high altitudes. However, there have been few searches for FCPs in cosmic rays carried out in orbit other than AMS-01 flown by a space shuttle and BESS by a balloon at the top of the atmosphere. In this study, we conduct an FCP search in space based on on-orbit data obtained using the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) satellite over a period of five years. Unlike underground experiments, which require an FCP energy of the order of hundreds of GeV, our FCP search starts at only a few GeV. An upper limit of $6.2\times 10^{-10}~~\mathrm{cm^{-2}sr^{-1} s^{-1}}$ is obtained for the flux. Our results demonstrate that DAMPE exhibits higher sensitivity than experiments of similar types by three orders of magnitude that more stringently restricts the conditions for the existence of FCP in primary cosmic rays., Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures, accepted by PRD
Published: 2022
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8. A Method for Detecting Five Carbapenemases in Bacteria Based on CRISPR-Cas12a Multiple RPA Rapid Detection Technology

Author: Xu H, Lin C, Tang H, Li R, Xia Z, Zhu Y, Liu Z, and Shen J
Subjects: carbapenemase, recombinant enzyme polymerase, crispr-cas12a；rapid detection；multidrug-resistant bacteria, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Huaming Xu,1 Chunhui Lin,2,3 Hao Tang,4 Rongrong Li,2,3 Zhaoxin Xia,2,3 Yi Zhu,3 Zhen Liu,2,3 Jilu Shen2,3 1The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China; 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China; 3Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, People’s Republic of China; 4The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jilu Shen, Tel +86 151 5515 2963, Email shenjilu@ahmu.edu.cn; 1464675852@qq.comIntroduction: As the last line of defense for clinical treatment, Carbapenem antibiotics are increasingly challenged by multi-drug resistant bacteria containing carbapenemases. The rapid spread of these multidrug-resistant bacteria is the greatest threat to severe global health problems.Methods: To solve the problem of rapid transmission of this multidrug-resistant bacteria, we have developed a rapid detection technology using CRPSPR-Cas12a gene editing based on multiple Recombinase polymerase amplification. This technical method can directly isolate the genes of carbapenemase-containing bacteria from samples, with a relatively short detection time of 30 minutes. The instrument used for the detection is relatively inexpensive. Only a water bath can complete the entire experiment of Recombinase polymerase amplification and trans cleavage. This reaction requires no lid during the entire process while reducing a large amount of aerosol pollution.Results: The detection sensitivity of this method is 1.5 CFU/mL, and the specificity is 100%.Discussion: This multi-scene detection method is suitable for screening populations in wild low-resource environments and large-scale indoor crowds. It can be widely used in hospital infection control and prevention and to provide theoretical insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Published: 2024

9. HucMSC-Exo Induced N2 Polarization of Neutrophils: Implications for Angiogenesis and Tissue Restoration in Wound Healing

Author: Yang J, Xie Y, Xia Z, Ji S, Yang X, Yue D, Liu Y, Yang R, and Fan Y
Subjects: hucmsc-exo, neutrophils, phenotype switching, cutaneous wound healing, tissue restoration, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Jiaman Yang,1,2,&ast; Yulin Xie,1,2,&ast; Zhikuan Xia,1,&ast; Shuaifei Ji,3,&ast; Xin Yang,1 Danxia Yue,1 Yuanyuan Liu,1,3 Rongya Yang,1– 3 Yunlong Fan1,3 1Department of Dermatology, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China; 2The Second School of Clinical Medicine, SouThern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510599, People’s Republic of China; 3Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100853, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Rongya Yang, Department of Dermatology, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 5, Nanmencang Alley, Dongsi Shitiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China, Email YangRY301hospital@163.com Yunlong Fan, Department of Dermatology, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 5, Nanmencang alley, Dongsi Shitiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China, Email FanYL301hospital@163.comBackground: Neutrophils rapidly accumulate in large numbers at sites of tissue damage, exhibiting not only their well-known bactericidal capabilities but also playing crucial roles in angiogenesis and tissue repair. While exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HucMSC-Exo) have emerged as a promising therapeutic tool, their exact mechanisms of action remain partly elusive. We hypothesize that HucMSC-Exo treatment may modulate neutrophil phenotypes, thereby significantly influencing wound healing outcomes.Methods: HucMSC-Exo were isolated via ultracentrifugation and subsequently administered through subcutaneous injection into full-thickness cutaneous wounds in mice. To determine the impact of host neutrophils on the healing effects of HucMSC-Exo in skin injuries, strategies including neutrophil depletion and adoptive transfer were employed. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the proportion of N2 subtype neutrophils in both normal and diabetic wounds, and the effect of HucMSC-Exo on this proportion was assessed. Furthermore, the mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming driven by HucMSC-Exo during N2 polarization was investigated through JC1 staining, ATP quantification, fatty acid uptake assays, and assessment of FAO-related genes (Cpt1b, Acadm, and Acadl).Results: Depleting host neutrophils strikingly dampened prohealing effect of HucMSC-Exo on skin injury, while adoptive transfer of bone marrow neutrophils rescued this process. During normal healing process, some neutrophils expressed N2 markers, in contrast, diabetic wounds exhibited a reduced expression of N2 markers. After treatment with HucMSC-Exo, most neutrophils increased the phosphorylation of STAT6, leading to mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming and thus acquired an N2 phenotype. These N2 neutrophils, polarized by HucMSC-Exo, boosted the release of proangiogenic factors, particularly BV8, a myeloid cell-derived proangiogenic factor, and induced angiogenesis thereby favoring tissue restoration.Conclusion: This research uniquely demonstrates the identification of N2 neutrophils in skin injury and shows that HucMSC-Exo could skew neutrophils toward N2 phenotype, enhancing our insight into how cells react to HucMSC-Exo. Keywords: HucMSC-Exo, neutrophils, phenotype switching, cutaneous wound healing, tissue restoration
Published: 2024

10. Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Post-Traumatic Growth: A Cross-Sectional Study of Psychiatric Nurses Suffering from Workplace Violence in Guangdong China

Author: Wang W, Ye J, Wei Y, Yuan L, Wu J, Xia Z, Huang J, Wang H, Li Z, Guo J, and Xiao A
Subjects: post-traumatic growth, psychiatric nurses, workplace violence, mental health, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Wen Wang,1,2,&ast; Junrong Ye,1,&ast; Yanheng Wei,3,&ast; Lexin Yuan,3 Jialan Wu,1 Zhichun Xia,4 Jiawei Huang,1 Haoyun Wang,2 Zezhi Li,4 Jianxiong Guo,5 Aixiang Xiao3 1Geriatric Neuroscience Center, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510182, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Nursing, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People’s Republic of China; 4Adult Psychiatry Department, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Chronic Diseases, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Aixiang Xiao, Department of Nursing, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18922165267, Email 543061910@qq.com Zezhi Li, Adult Psychiatry Department, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510370, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13564648631, Email biolpsychiatry@126.comBackground: Workplace violence (WPV) had become an important issue that endangered the occupational safety of psychiatric nurses. A growing number of studies showed positive post-traumatic growth (PTG) resulting from coping with trauma.Objective: To investigate the characteristics of PTG in psychiatric nurses who experienced violence in the workplace and analyze its influencing factors.Methods: A total of 1202 psychiatric nurses participated in the study. From October 2022 to December 2022, this cross-sectional study collected data on psychiatric nurses from five tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province, China. Twenty-item Chinese version post-traumatic growth inventory (PTGI), Jefferson Scale of Empathy Health Professional (JSE-HP), Confidence in Coping with Patient Aggression Instrument (CCPAI), Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C), and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) measured PTG level, empathy, the confidence in coping with WPV, post-traumatic stress disorder, and resilience, respectively. Bivariate analysis and multiple linear regression explored potential influencing factors of PTG. This study complies with the EQUATOR (STROBE) checklist.Results: The sample was composed of a total of 1202 psychiatric nurses suffering from WPV. The average score of PTGI in psychiatric nurses was above average (65.75 points; SD = 20.20). Linear regression analyses showed from single-child family (β=0.052,95% CI=0.342,5.409, P< 0.05), education background (β=0.108,95% CI=1.833,5.097, P< 0.001), the confidence in coping with patient aggression (β=0.106,95% CI=1.385,4.317, P< 0.001), empathy (β=0.057,95% CI=0.312,4.374, P< 0.05), and resilience (β=0.484,95% CI=7.737,9.575, P< 0.001) were associated with PTG level.Conclusion: Psychiatric nurses who were non-single child, had received higher education, had confidence in coping with patient aggression, had good resilience and strong empathy were prone to PTG after experiencing WPV. The study findings could help hospitals and nursing managers identify vulnerable individuals and take early intervention measures against such populations.Keywords: post-traumatic growth, psychiatric nurses, workplace violence, mental health
Published: 2024

11. Identification of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap-Related Gene Expression Signatures in Ischemia Reperfusion Injury During Lung Transplantation: A Transcriptome Analysis and Clinical Validation

Author: Gao J, Zhang Z, Yu J, Zhang N, Fu Y, Jiang X, Xia Z, Zhang Q, and Wen Z
Subjects: ischemia reperfusion injury, neutrophil extracellular traps, lung transplantation, primary graft dysfunction, wgcna, machine learning, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Jiameng Gao,1,2,&ast; Zhiyuan Zhang,1,2,&ast; Jing Yu,1,2,&ast; Nan Zhang,1,2 Yu Fu,1,2 Xuemei Jiang,1,2 Zheyu Xia,3 Qingqing Zhang,1,2 Zongmei Wen1,2 1Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zongmei Wen; Qingqing Zhang, Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13761635280 ; +86 13764542055, Email wzm1103@126.com; elfe666@163.comPurpose: Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) unavoidably occurs during lung transplantation, further contributing to primary graft dysfunction (PGD). Neutrophils are the end effectors of IRI and activated neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to further amplify damage. Nevertheless, potential contributions of NETs in IRI remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to explore NET-related gene biomarkers in IRI during lung transplantation.Methods: Differential expression analysis was applied to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for IRI during lung transplantation based on matrix data (GSE145989, 127003) downloaded from GEO database. The CIBERSORT and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) algorithms were utilized to identify key modules associated with neutrophil infiltration. Moreover, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and random forest were applied to identify potential NET-associated hub genes. Subsequently, the screened hub genes underwent further validation of an external dataset (GSE18995) and nomogram model. Based on clinical peripheral blood samples, immunofluorescence staining and dsDNA quantification were used to assess NET formation, and ELISA was applied to validate the expression of hub genes.Results: Thirty-eight genes resulted from the intersection between 586 DEGs and 75 brown module genes, primarily enriched in leukocyte migration and NETs formation. Subsequently, four candidate hub genes (FCAR, MMP9, PADI4, and S100A12) were screened out via machine learning algorithms. Validation using an external dataset and nomogram model achieved better predictive value. Substantial NETs formation was demonstrated in IRI, with more pronounced NETs observed in patients with PGD ≥ 2. PADI4, S100A12, and MMP9 were all confirmed to be up-regulated after reperfusion through ELISA, with higher levels of S100A12 in PGD ≥ 2 patients compared with non-PGD patients.Conclusion: We identified three potential NET-related biomarkers for IRI that provide new insights into early detection and potential therapeutic targets of IRI and PGD after lung transplantation.Keywords: ischemia reperfusion injury, neutrophil extracellular traps, lung transplantation, primary graft dysfunction, WGCNA, machine learning
Published: 2024

12. Clinical Characteristics of Children Infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) in China’s Shanghai

Author: Shu J, Jia L, Zhang P, Wang R, Wang M, Sun X, Peng Y, Wang P, Li X, Tang Z, Han T, Ju T, Wei Y, Pang W, Gao C, and Xia Z
Subjects: omicron variant, covid-19, child patients, clinical characteristics, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Jiaping Shu,1,&ast; Lili Jia,2,&ast; Pei Zhang,2 Ren Wang,2 Meiqiu Wang,2 Xiaoyi Sun,2 Yingchao Peng,2 Peipei Wang,2 Xiaojie Li,2 Zilu Tang,3 Tingting Han,3 Tao Ju,3 Yaqin Wei,4 Wei Pang,5 Chunlin Gao,2 Zhengkun Xia1 1Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Military Information, Chinese People’s Liberation Army 31102, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhengkun Xia, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, People’s Republic of China, Email njxzk@126.com Chunlin Gao, Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, People’s Republic of China, Email shuangmu34@163.comIntroduction: The pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 brings great challenge and threats to humans worldwide. Multiple variants of SARS-CoV-2 tend to be epidemic, among which Omicron is highly infectious within China. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.529 (Omicron) in the Shanghai, China.Methods: We included 9378 pediatric patients diagnosed with Omicron and treated in the Shanghai International Convention and Exhibition Center between April 1, 2022 and May 31, 2022. We recorded and summarized the clinical characteristics, infectious conditions and biological features of the children infected with Omicron.Results: A total of 9355 paediatric patients were treated in isolation since Makeshift became available, including 5564 males (59.48%) and 3791 females (40.52%). More than half (55.56%) of the affected children were identified at premises screening. The number of symptomatic or asymptomatic patients was 4530 (48.42%) and 4825 (51.58%), respectively. Initial signs or symptoms in asymptomatic patients included fatigue (3582, 38.29%), cough (560, 5.99%), fever (242, 2.59%) and other (146, 1.56%). Age and number of vaccinations in paediatric patients were negatively associated with the number of days from positive to negative nucleic acid test results.Conclusion: Age and number of vaccinations were key factors influencing the conversion of nucleic acid test results in paediatric patients. Early childhood vaccination is encouraged to establish a complete immune barrier.Keywords: Omicron variant, COVID-19, child patients, clinical characteristics
Published: 2024

13. Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Diagnostic Biomarkers and Immune Cell Infiltration Characteristics of Solar Lentigines

Author: Yang X, Xia Z, Fan Y, Xie Y, Ge G, Lang D, Ao J, Yue D, Wu J, Chen T, Zou Y, Zhang M, and Yang R
Subjects: solar lentigines, photoaging, diagnostic biomarkers, immune infiltration, artificial neural network, Dermatology, RL1-803
Abstract: Xin Yang,1,2,&ast; Zhikuan Xia,1,&ast; Yunlong Fan,1 Yitong Xie,1 Ge Ge,1 Dexiu Lang,3 Junhong Ao,1 Danxia Yue,1 Jiamin Wu,1 Tong Chen,1 Yuekun Zou,1 Mingwang Zhang,4 Rongya Yang1,2 1Department of Dermatology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Dermatology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Dermatology, XingYi People’s Hospital, Xingyi, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Mingwang Zhang; Rongya Yang, Email mingwangzhang2@163.com; yangrya@sina.comBackground: Solar lentigines (SLs), serving as a prevalent characteristic of skin photoaging, present as cutaneous aberrant pigmentation. However, the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear and there is a dearth of reliable diagnostic biomarkers.Objective: The aim of this study was to identify diagnostic biomarkers for SLs and reveal its immunological features.Methods: In this study, gene expression profiling datasets (GSE192564 and GSE192565) of SLs were obtained from the GEO database. The GSE192564 was used as the training group for screening of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and subsequent depth analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was employed to explore the biological states associated with SLs. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was employed to identify the significant modules and hub genes. Then, the feature genes were further screened by the overlapping of hub genes and up-regulated differential genes. Subsequently, an artificial neural network was constructed for identifying SLs samples. The GSE192565 was used as the test group for validation of feature genes expression level and the model’s classification performance. Furthermore, we conducted immune cell infiltration analysis to reveal the immune infiltration landscape of SLs.Results: The 9 feature genes were identified as diagnostic biomarkers for SLs in this study. And an artificial neural network based on diagnostic biomarkers was successfully constructed for identification of SLs. GSEA highlighted potential role of immune system in pathogenesis of SLs. SLs samples had a higher proportion of several immune cells, including activated CD8 T cell, dendritic cell, myeloid-derived suppressor cell and so on. And diagnostic biomarkers exhibited a strong relationship with the infiltration of most immune cells.Conclusion: Our study identified diagnostic biomarkers for SLs and explored its immunological features, enhancing the comprehension of its pathogenesis.Keywords: solar lentigines, photoaging, diagnostic biomarkers, immune infiltration, artificial neural network
Published: 2024

14. The Associations Between Serum Vitamins and Carotenoids with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Results from the NHANES

Author: Zheng L, Yu X, Xia Z, Guo Y, and Dai Y
Subjects: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, morbidity, serum vitamins, serum carotenoids, anti-oxidation., Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract: Lei Zheng,1 Xiaofei Yu,1 Zehai Xia,1 Yehao Guo,2 Yifan Dai1 1Respiratory Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Postgraduate Training Base Department, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yifan Dai, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 126, Wenzhou Street, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-571-13208000079, Email 181207576@qq.comPurpose: Vitamins and carotenoids are essential in preventing and treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study investigated the associations between serum vitamins, carotenoids, and COPD in adults aged ≥ 40 years in the United States.Methods: We selected 3487 participants aged ≥ 40 from the NHANES (2017– 2018) and used demographic analysis, sensitivity tests, and different weighted multivariate regression models to investigate the relationship between serum vitamins, carotenoids, and COPD.Results: Subjects in the highest tertile of serum vitamin C, vitamin E (α-tocopherol), α-carotene, trans-β-carotene, and cis-β-carotene had a 50%, 35%, 51%, 54%, and 51% lower risk of COPD than those in the lowest tertile (P for trend: P=0.0005, < 0.0001, 0.0054, 0.0066, and 0.0049). Unfortunately, no significant correlation was found for serum vitamin D levels.Conclusion: Our analysis of nationally representative data from 3487 participants showed that serum levels of vitamin C, vitamin E (α-tocopherol), α-carotene, and β-carotene were negatively associated with the incidence of COPD in adults over 40 years of age in the US The findings highlighted the importance of antioxidant vitamins and carotenoids in respiratory health, while the data showed no significant correlation between vitamin D (25-OHD) and the incidence of COPD.Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, morbidity, serum vitamins, serum carotenoids, anti-oxidation
Published: 2023

15. Measurement of the cosmic ray helium energy spectrum from 70 GeV to 80 TeV with the DAMPE space mission

Author: Alemanno, F., An, Q., Azzarello, P., Barbato, F. C. T., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cai, M. S., Catanzani, E., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, J. L., Chen, Z. F., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Cui, Y. X., Dai, H. T., D'Amone, A., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., de Palma, F., Deliyergiyev, M., Di Santo, M., Dong, T. K., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., D'Urso, D., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, K., Fang, F., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Fusco, P., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Guo, X. L., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, W., Kong, J., Kotenko, A., Kyratzis, D., Lei, S. J., Li, S., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Liang, Y. M., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, W. Q., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Parenti, A., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Perrina, C., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Ruina, A., Salinas, M. M., Shang, G. Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Silveri, L., Song, J. X., Stolpovskiy, M., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, S., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wen, S. C., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, H. T., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, G. W., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, F., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., and Zhu, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic ray helium nuclei from 70 GeV to 80 TeV using 4.5 years of data recorded by the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is reported in this work. A hardening of the spectrum is observed at an energy of about 1.3 TeV, similar to previous observations. In addition, a spectral softening at about 34 TeV is revealed for the first time with large statistics and well controlled systematic uncertainties, with an overall significance of $4.3\sigma$. The DAMPE spectral measurements of both cosmic protons and helium nuclei suggest a particle charge dependent softening energy, although with current uncertainties a dependence on the number of nucleons cannot be ruled out., Comment: 11 pages, 13 figures, published in Phys. Rev. Lett. Add one more digit for first three columns in Table S2
Published: 2021
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16. Imaging orbital ferromagnetism in a moir\'e Chern insulator

Author: Tschirhart, C. L., Serlin, M., Polshyn, H., Shragai, A., Xia, Z., Zhu, J., Zhang, Y., Watanabe, K., Taniguchi, T., Huber, M. E., and Young, A. F.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract: Electrons in moir\'e flat band systems can spontaneously break time reversal symmetry, giving rise to a quantized anomalous Hall effect. Here we use a superconducting quantum interference device to image stray magnetic fields in one such system composed of twisted bilayer graphene aligned to hexagonal boron nitride. We find a magnetization of several Bohr magnetons per charge carrier, demonstrating that the magnetism is primarily orbital in nature. Our measurements reveal a large change in the magnetization as the chemical potential is swept across the quantum anomalous Hall gap consistent with the expected contribution of chiral edge states to the magnetization of an orbital Chern insulator. Mapping the spatial evolution of field-driven magnetic reversal, we find a series of reproducible micron scale domains whose boundaries host chiral edge states.
Published: 2020
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17. Measurement of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite

Author: An, Q., Asfandiyarov, R., Azzarello, P., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cai, M. S., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. L., Chen, W., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Dai, H. T., D'Amone, A., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., Di Santo, M., Ding, M., Dong, T. K., Dong, Y. F., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., D'Urso, D., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Fusco, P., Gallo, V., Gan, F. J., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Guo, X. L., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, W., Jin, X., Kong, J., Lei, S. J., Li, S., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Li, Y., Liang, Y. F., Liang, Y. M., Liao, N. H., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, W. Q., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, S. Y., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Salinas, M. M., Shang, G. Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Song, J. X., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Vitillo, S., Wang, C., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, Q., Wang, S., Wang, X. H., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wen, S. C., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xi, K., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, H. T., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yang, Z. L., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, F., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, P. F., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, H., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y., and Zimmer, S.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The precise measurement of the spectrum of protons, the most abundant component of the cosmic radiation, is necessary to understand the source and acceleration of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. This work reports the measurement of the cosmic ray proton fluxes with kinetic energies from 40 GeV to 100 TeV, with two and a half years of data recorded by the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE). This is the first time an experiment directly measures the cosmic ray protons up to ~100 TeV with a high statistics. The measured spectrum confirms the spectral hardening found by previous experiments and reveals a softening at ~13.6 TeV, with the spectral index changing from ~2.60 to ~2.85. Our result suggests the existence of a new spectral feature of cosmic rays at energies lower than the so-called knee, and sheds new light on the origin of Galactic cosmic rays., Comment: 37 pages, 5 figures, published in Science Advances
Published: 2019
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18. The on-orbit calibration of DArk Matter Particle Explorer

Author: Ambrosi, G., An, Q., Asfandiyarov, R., Azzarello, P., Bernardini, P., Cai, M. S., Caragiulo, M., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. L., Chen, W., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Dai, H. T., D'Amone, A., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., Ding, M., Di Santo, M., Dong, J. N., Dong, T. K., Dong, Y. F., Dong, Z. X., Droz, D., Duan, K. K., Duan, J. L., D'Urso, D., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Fusco, P., Gallo, V., Gan, F. J., Gao, M., Gao, S. S., Gargano, F., Garrappa, S., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, J. H., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, D., Jiang, W., Jin, X., Kong, J., Lei, S. J., Li, S., Li, X., Li, W. L., Li, Y., Liang, Y. F., Liang, Y. M., Liao, N. H., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, W. Q., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, S. Y., Ma, T., Ma, X. Q., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Peng, X. Y., Peng, W. X., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Salinas, M. M., Shang, G. Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Song, J. X., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tian, X. B., Tykhonov, A., Vitillo, S., Wang, C., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, Q., Wang, S., Wang, X. H., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wen, S. C., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xi, K., Xia, Z. Q., Xin, Y. L., Xu, H. T., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yang, Z. L., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, D. L., Zhang, F., Zhang, J. B., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, L., Zhang, P. F., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, H., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y., and Zimmer, S.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE), a satellite-based cosmic ray and gamma-ray detector, was launched on December 17, 2015, and began its on-orbit operation on December 24, 2015. In this work we document the on-orbit calibration procedures used by DAMPE and report the calibration results of the Plastic Scintillator strip Detector (PSD), the Silicon-Tungsten tracKer-converter (STK), the BGO imaging calorimeter (BGO), and the Neutron Detector (NUD). The results are obtained using Galactic cosmic rays, bright known GeV gamma-ray sources, and charge injection into the front-end electronics of each sub-detector. The determination of the boundary of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA), the measurement of the live time, and the alignments of the detectors are also introduced. The calibration results demonstrate the stability of the detectors in almost two years of the on-orbit operation.
Published: 2019
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19. Direct detection of a break in the teraelectronvolt cosmic-ray spectrum of electrons and positrons

Author: Ambrosi, G., An, Q., Asfandiyarov, R., Azzarello, P., Bernardini, P., Bertucci, B., Cai, M. S., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. L., Chen, W., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., D'Amone, A., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., Di Santo, M., Dong, J. N., Dong, T. K., Dong, Y. F., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, K. K., Duan, J. L., Duranti, M., D'Urso, D., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Fusco, P., Gallo, V., Gan, F. J., Gao, M., Gao, S. S., Gargano, F., Garrappa, S., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, D., Jiang, W., Jin, X., Kong, J., Lei, S. J., Li, S., Li, X., Li, W. L., Li, Y., Liang, Y. F., Liang, Y. M., Liao, N. H., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, W. Q., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, S. Y., Ma, T., Ma, X. Q., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Niu, X. Y., Peng, X. Y., Peng, W. X., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Salinas, M. M., Shang, G. Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Song, J. X., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tian, X. B., Tykhonov, A., Vagelli, V., Vitillo, S., Wang, C., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, Q., Wang, S., Wang, X. H., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Z., Wen, S. C., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xi, K., Xia, Z. Q., Xin, Y. L., Xu, H. T., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yang, Z. L., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, C., Zhang, D. L., Zhang, F., Zhang, J. B., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, L., Zhang, P. F., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, H., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y., and Zimmer, S.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: High energy cosmic ray electrons plus positrons (CREs), which lose energy quickly during their propagation, provide an ideal probe of Galactic high-energy processes and may enable the observation of phenomena such as dark-matter particle annihilation or decay. The CRE spectrum has been directly measured up to $\sim 2$ TeV in previous balloon- or space-borne experiments, and indirectly up to $\sim 5$ TeV by ground-based Cherenkov $\gamma$-ray telescope arrays. Evidence for a spectral break in the TeV energy range has been provided by indirect measurements of H.E.S.S., although the results were qualified by sizeable systematic uncertainties. Here we report a direct measurement of CREs in the energy range $25~{\rm GeV}-4.6~{\rm TeV}$ by the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) with unprecedentedly high energy resolution and low background. The majority of the spectrum can be properly fitted by a smoothly broken power-law model rather than a single power-law model. The direct detection of a spectral break at $E \sim0.9$ TeV confirms the evidence found by H.E.S.S., clarifies the behavior of the CRE spectrum at energies above 1 TeV and sheds light on the physical origin of the sub-TeV CREs., Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, Nature in press, doi:10.1038/nature24475
Published: 2017
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20. Rapid Identification and Drug Sensitivity Test to Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens by DOT-MGA

Author: Liu Z, Tang H, Xu H, Lu G, Yang W, Xia Z, Zhu Y, Ni S, Men W, and Shen J
Subjects: maldi-tof, dot-mga, rapid drug susceptibility test, urinary tract infection, antibiotics resistance., Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Zhen Liu,1 Hao Tang,1 Huaming Xu,1 Guoping Lu,2 Wensu Yang,1 Zhaoxin Xia,1 Yi Zhu,1 Shenwang Ni,1 Wanqi Men,1 Jilu Shen1 1The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Laboratory Department, Hefei, People’s Republic of China; 2Laboratory Department of Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jilu Shen, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Laboratory, No. 100 Huaihai Avenue, Xinzhan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230012, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 151 5515 2963, Email shenjilu@ahmu.edu.cnAim: To reduce the inspection time for urinary tract pathogens and provide a rapid and effective therapeutic plan for clinical anti-infection treatment, this study developed a rapid identification (ID) and antimicrobial sensitivity test (AST) method by DOT-MGA.Methods: We grouped midstream urine samples with single bacteria according to the number of bacteria (≤ 5/5– 15/≥ 15) under per oil microscope after Gram staining. Then we adopted differential centrifugation to process the grouped samples to collect precipitate. MALDI-TOF MS was performed using precipitate directly or after short-term culture. If succeed, we resuspended the precipitate into droplets with or without antibiotics at a MALDI target. Four hours later, mass spectrometer (MS) was used to identify the culture on the target and to analyse AST.Results: Samples (count ≥ 15), which precipitate can be directly identified by MS; otherwise, the precipitate need a short-term cultured for 3– 6 h before ID. The consistency of the ID results between conventional culture and the precipitate is 100%. Compared with broth microdilution method, DOT-MGA for predicting AST had a high consistency. EA and CA for IPM, LEV, CAZ, NIT, and FOT were 100%/100%, 98%/90%, 98%/92%, 100%/90%, 98%/94%, respectively. No VME was observed in all tests. Besides, MIC50 for the five antibiotics by DOT-MGA and broth microdilution method were ≤ 1/≤ 0.5,> 2/2,≤ 4/≤ 2,≤ 32/≤ 16,≤ 64/≤ 32 and MIC90 were ≤ 1/≤ 0.5, > 2/> 4, 16/16, 128/128, 128/64.Conclusion: This study can shorten the ID time (minimum 0.5h) and AST (minimum 4h) of the main pathogens of urinary tract infection to 5– 10 hours, which greatly reduce the inspection time and provide substantial help for the rapid diagnosis and treatment of patients with urinary tract infection.Keywords: MALDI-TOF, DOT-MGA, rapid drug susceptibility test, urinary tract infection, antibiotics resistance
Published: 2022

21. A New Method Based on LAMP-CRISPR–Cas12a-Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Strip for Detection

Author: Xu H, Tang H, Li R, Xia Z, Yang W, Zhu Y, Liu Z, Lu G, Ni S, and Shen J
Subjects: carbapenemase, klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase, new delhi metallo-β-lactamase, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, crispr-cas12a, lateral flow immunochromatographic strip, detection, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Huaming Xu,1 Hao Tang,2 Rongrong Li,3 Zhaoxin Xia,2 Wensu Yang,2 Yi Zhu,2 Zhen Liu,2 Guoping Lu,4 Shenwang Ni,2 Jilu Shen1 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China; 2University Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China; 3The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Laboratory Department, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples’ Republic of China; 4Laboratory Department of Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jilu Shen, Tel +86 151 5515 2963, Email shenjilu@ahmu.edu.cn; 1464675852@qq.comIntroduction: Carbapenemase-mediated antimicrobial resistance is currently a hot spot of global concern. Carbapenem-resistant organisms are highly prevalent in hospitals associated with difficult-to-treat infections, resulting in poor clinical outcome due to limited treatment options. It is urgently needed to have a rapid, efficient, and convenient molecular assay for identifying such resistant strains.Methods: For this end, we developed a new laboratory assay targeting Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) and New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification, CRISPR–Cas12a, and lateral flow immunochromatographic strip (CRISPR–Cas-LAMP-lateral flow strip). The method was designed to use a guide RNA (gRNA) to recognize the target DNA and guide Cas12a to cleave the target DNA, and simultaneously cleave any single-stranded DNA within the cleavage reaction system.Results: The cleavage products are visible to the naked eye on the lateral flow strip. This method is highly sensitive in direct detection of bacteria in samples containing at least 3× 105 CFU/mL without the need for bacterial culture.Discussion: It provides shorter turnaround time and higher specificity than the conventional bacterial culture and susceptibility testing method. This new assay is applicable for extensive use in hospital infection control, as well as identification and treatment of resistant strains due to simple operation and inexpensive apparatuses.Keywords: carbapenemase, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase, New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, CRISPR–Cas12a, lateral flow immunochromatographic strip, detection
Published: 2022

22. The DArk Matter Particle Explorer mission

Author: Chang, J., Ambrosi, G., An, Q., Asfandiyarov, R., Azzarello, P., Bernardini, P., Bertucci, B., Cai, M. S., Caragiulo, M., Chen, D. Y., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. L., Chen, W., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., D'Amone, A., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., Di Santo, M., Dong, J. N., Dong, T. K., Dong, Y. F., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, K. K., Duan, J. L., Duranti, M., D'Urso, D., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Fusco, P., Gallo, V., Gan, F. J., Gan, W. Q., Gao, M., Gao, S. S., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, J. H., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, D., Jiang, W., Jin, X., Kong, J., Lei, S. J., Li, S., Li, X., Li, W. L., Li, Y., Liang, Y. F., Liang, Y. M., Liao, N. H., Liu, Q. Z., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, W. Q., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Lü, J., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, S. Y., Ma, T., Ma, X. Q., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Miao, T. T., Niu, X. Y., Pohl, M., Peng, X. Y., Peng, W. X., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Salinas, M. M., Shang, G. Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Song, J. X., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tian, X. B., Tykhonov, A., Vagelli, V., Vitillo, S., Wang, C., Wang, Chi, Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, Q., Wang, S., Wang, X. H., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Z., Wen, S. C., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xi, K., Xia, Z. Q., Xin, Y. L., Xu, H. T., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, J., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yang, Z. L., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, C., Zhang, D. L., Zhang, F., Zhang, J. B., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, L., Zhang, P. F., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, H., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y., and Zimmer, S.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE), one of the four scientific space science missions within the framework of the Strategic Pioneer Program on Space Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is a general purpose high energy cosmic-ray and gamma-ray observatory, which was successfully launched on December 17th, 2015 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The DAMPE scientific objectives include the study of galactic cosmic rays up to $\sim 10$ TeV and hundreds of TeV for electrons/gammas and nuclei respectively, and the search for dark matter signatures in their spectra. In this paper we illustrate the layout of the DAMPE instrument, and discuss the results of beam tests and calibrations performed on ground. Finally we present the expected performance in space and give an overview of the mission key scientific goals., Comment: 45 pages, including 29 figures and 6 tables. Published in Astropart. Phys
Published: 2017
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23. Direct-on-Target Microdroplet Growth Assay for Detection of Bacterial Resistance in Positive Blood Cultures

Author: Tang H, Li R, Xu H, Lu G, Liu Z, Yang W, Xia Z, Zhu Y, and Shen J
Subjects: maldi-tof, dot-mga, rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing, blood culture, antibiotic resistance, direct-from-bc disk-diffusion method, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Hao Tang,1 Rongrong Li,2 Huaming Xu,1 Guoping Lu,3 Zhen Liu,1 Wensu Yang,1 Zhaoxin Xia,1 Yi Zhu,1 Jilu Shen1 1The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Laboratory Department, Hefei, People’s Republic of China; 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Laboratory Department, Hefei, People’s Republic of China; 3Laboratory Department of Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jilu ShenThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Laboratory, No. 100 Huaihai Avenue, Xinzhan District, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230012, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 151 5515 2963Email shenjilu@ahmu.edu.cnIntroduction: The recently developed DOT-MGA (direct-on-target microdroplet growth assay) has shown the desirability of direct application of this approach in positive blood cultures and its good performance in detection. This study selected 44 Enterobacteriaceae strains and implemented a DOT-MGA assay on blood cultures to detect their resistance to seven antibiotics. The results of DOT-MGA were compared with the other two antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods to analyze the detection performance of DOT-MGA.Methods: We adopted the differential centrifugation to process positive blood-culture (BC). Processed BC broth was directly used for rapid AST using DOT-MGA. Droplets of 6 μL with and without antibiotics at the EUCAST breakpoint concentration were spotted in triplicates onto the surface of a MALDI target. The plates were incubated in a wet box for 4 h before the broth was removed with filter paper. Bruker Biotyper software was used to analyze the test results compared with standard database, and the scores were used to quantify and determine the results.Results: DOT-MGA results were compared with the direct-from-BC disk-diffusion method and results were reported by broth microdilution method, respectively. The comparison demonstrated a 100% growth efficiency in DOT-MGA, a 100% classification consistency for ampicillin, ceftriaxone, and gentamicin, and > 93% classification consistency for tobramycin, aztreonam, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), and ceftazidime.Discussion: These study results have shown that DOT-MGA is suitable for directly identifying bacterial resistance to positive blood cultures in clinical microbiology laboratories. Furthermore, it is conducive for early diagnosis and treatment of patients with bloodstream infection due to its convenience, time efficiency, and good performance in identifying multiple antibiotic-insensitive bacteria.Keywords: MALDI-TOF, DOT-MGA, rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing, blood culture, antibiotic resistance, direct-from-BC disk-diffusion method
Published: 2021

24. The Diagnostic Value of Plasma miRNA-497, cTnI, FABP3 and GPBB in Pediatric Sepsis Complicated with Myocardial Injury

Author: Huang C, Xiao S, Xia Z, Cheng Y, Li Y, Tang W, Shi B, Qin C, and Xu H
Subjects: mirna-497, ctni, fabp3, gpbb, pediatric sepsis, myocardial injury, diagnosis, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Chengjiao Huang,* Shuna Xiao,* Zhi Xia, Ying Cheng, Yong Li, Wen Tang, Buyun Shi, Chenguang Qin, Hui Xu Department of PICU, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province (Women and Children’s Hospital of Hubei Province), Wuhan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hui XuDepartment of PICU, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Hubei Province, No. 745 Wuluo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-027-87169353Email hbsfy2020picu@163.comObjective: To investigate the diagnostic value of plasma miRNA-497, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3), glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB (GPBB) in pediatric sepsis complicated with myocardial injury.Methods: From August 2018 to February 2020, 82 children with sepsis admitted to our hospital and 50 health children who came for physical examination (defined as control group) were enrolled in this study. Children with sepsis and myocardial injury were enrolled in the combined group (n=35), and those without myocardial injury were enrolled in the sepsis group (n=47). General data of three groups were collected, and the levels of miRNA-497, FABP3, GPBB, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), cTnI and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were detected and the cardiac function was measured. The diagnostic value of plasma miRNA-497, cTnI, FABP3 and GPBB in pediatric sepsis complicated with myocardial injury was analyzed.Results: The infection site of the combined group was not significantly different from that of the sepsis group. The levels of miRNA-497, FABP3, GPBB, CK-MB, PCT, CRP, cTnI, NT-proBNP in the combined group were all higher than those in the sepsis group and the control group (P< 0.05), and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in the combined group was significantly lower than that in the other two group (P< 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the combination of miRNA-497, FABP3, GPBB, and cTnI in the diagnosis of sepsis complicated with myocardial injury was significantly higher than that of CK-MB, PCT, CRP, NT-proBNP alone (P< 0.05), but there was no significant difference when compared with miRNA-497, FABP3, GPBB and cTnI alone (P> 0.05). When the optimal thresholds of miRNA-497, FABP3, GPBB, and cTnI were set to 2.03, 6.23ng/mL, 4.01ng/mL, 1.23ng/mL, respectively, the sensitivity was 95.65%, 88.89%, 82.61%, 87.50%, respectively; the specificity was 83.33%, 94.12%, 83.33%, 90.91%, respectively; and the accuracy was 91.43%, 91.43%, 82.86%, 88.57%, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis indicating that miRNA-497 was positively correlated with the levels of FABP3, GPBB, and cTnI in the combined group (r=0.821, 0.621, 0.782, P< 0.05).Conclusion: Plasma miRNA-497, cTnI, FABP3, and GPBB levels were increased in pediatric sepsis complicated with myocardial injury, and their combination had high diagnostic value, which was of great clinical significance for early diagnosis and early treatment of pediatric sepsis complicated with myocardial injury.Keywords: miRNA-497, cTnI, FABP3, GPBB, pediatric sepsis, myocardial injury, diagnosis
Published: 2021

25. Influence of Comorbidities on the Survival of COPD Patients According to Phenotypes

Author: Ji Z, Hernández-Vázquez J, Domínguez-Zabaleta IM, Xia Z, Bellón-Cano JM, Gallo-González V, Ali-García I, Matesanz-Ruiz C, López-de-Andrés A, Jiménez-García R, Buendía-García MJ, Gómez-Sacristán, Girón-Matute WI, Puente-Maestu L, and de Miguel-Díez J
Subjects: copd, phenotypes, comorbidities, risk factors, mortality, survival, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract: Zichen Ji,1,2 Julio Hernández-Vázquez,3 Irene Milagros Domínguez-Zabaleta,1 Ziyi Xia,2 José María Bellón-Cano,4 Virginia Gallo-González,1 Ismael Ali-García,3 Carmen Matesanz-Ruiz,3 Ana López-de-Andrés,5 Rodrigo Jiménez-García,6 María Jesús Buendía-García,3 Ángela Gómez-Sacristán,7 Walther Iván Girón-Matute,1,2,7 Luis Puente-Maestu,1,2,7 Javier de Miguel-Díez1,2,7 1Pulmonology Service, Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; 2Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; 3Pulmonology Section, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; 4Research Support Service, Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain; 5Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain; 6Public Health and Maternal and Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; 7Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute, Madrid, SpainCorrespondence: Zichen JiPulmonology Service, Gregorio Marañón University General Hospital, Madrid 28007, SpainTel +34 617 882 547Email jizich72@gmail.comBackground: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) usually occurs alongside other conditions. Few studies on comorbidities have taken into account the phenotypes of COPD patients. The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of comorbidities included in the Charlson index and their influence on the survival of patients with COPD, taking phenotypes into account.Methods: An observational study was conducted on a group of 273 patients who had COPD and underwent spirometry in the first half of 2011, with a median prospective follow-up period of 68.15 months. The survival of these patients was analyzed according to the presence of various comorbidities.Results: Of the 273 patients, 93 (34.1%) died within the follow-up period. An increased presence of chronic ischemic heart disease (CIHD), chronic heart failure (CHF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and malignancy was found in deceased patients. All of these conditions shorten the survival of COPD patients globally; however, when considering phenotypes, only CHF influences the exacerbator with chronic bronchitis phenotype, CKD influences the non-exacerbator phenotype, and malignancy influences the positive bronchodilator test (BDT) and exacerbator with chronic bronchitis phenotypes. In the multivariate model, advanced age (hazard ratio, HR: 1.05; p=0.001), CHF (HR: 1.74; p=0.030), and the presence of malignancy (HR: 1.78; p=0.010) were observed as independent mortality risk factors.Conclusion: The survival is shorter in the presence of CIHD in overall COPD patients and also CHF, CKD, and malignancy for certain phenotypes. It is important to pay attention to these comorbidities in the comprehensive care of COPD patients.Keywords: COPD, phenotypes, comorbidities, risk factors, mortality, survival
Published: 2020

26. Comparison of Repeated Video Display vs Combined Video Display and Live Demonstration as Training Methods to Healthcare Providers for Donning and Doffing Personal Protective Equipment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Author: Li Y, Wang Y, Zhong M, Liu H, Wu C, Gao X, Xia Z, and Ma W
Subjects: covid-19, coronavirus disease, personal protective equipment, training methods, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Yongxing Li,1,* Yong Wang,1,* Yuhui Li,1 Ming Zhong,1 Huihui Liu,1 Caineng Wu,1 Xiaoqiu Gao,1 Zhengyuan Xia,2 Wuhua Ma1 1Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wuhua MaDepartment of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-13318860680Email tuesdaymorninggz@126.comPurpose: The lack of training in personal protective equipment (PPE) donning and doffing is hindering the current fight against the COVID-19 worldwide. In order to enable medical staff to learn how to don and doff PPE faster and more effectively, we compared two training methods of PPE donning and doffing.Methods: Participants in this study were 48 health care workers randomly divided into two groups. Group A watched a 10-minute demonstration (demo) video four times, while Group B watched the same 10-minute demo video twice and then watched a 10-minute live demo twice. The 40-minute learning time was the same for both groups. A 29-step examination was held after the training was completed. The examination scores of Groups A and B were recorded according to a checklist containing PPE donning and doffing steps . The time spent by the participants on PPE donning and doffing, their satisfaction with the training, and their confidence in donning and doffing PPE accurately were analyzed.Results: The average score of Group B was higher than that Group A, with a mean (SD) of 94.92 (1.72) vs 86.63 (6.34), respectively (P< 0.001). The average time spent by Group B was shorter than that spent by Group A, with a mean (SD) of 17.67 (1.01) vs 21.75 (1.82), respectively (P< 0.001). The satisfaction and confidence of Group B were higher than those of Group A (P< 0.001).Conclusion: Compared with repeated video display, combined video display and live demonstration are more suitable training methods for donning and doffing PPE.Keywords: COVID-19, coronavirus disease, personal protective equipment, training methods
Published: 2020

27. Subjective and Objective Evaluation of Total Pelvic Floor Reconstruction with Six-Arm Mesh in Patients with Severe Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A 1-Year Retrospective Study

Author: Zhao Y, Xia Z, Hu Q, and Qin M
Subjects: pelvic floor reconstruction, pelvic organ prolapse, six-arm mesh., Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Ying Zhao, Zhi-jun Xia, Qing Hu, Mei-ying Qin Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhi-jun XiaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province 110004, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-18940251266Fax +86-24-83955092Email xia_pd@163.comPurpose: To investigate the effect of total pelvic floor reconstruction with a six-arm mesh in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse.Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective observational cohort study. A total of 368 patients with pelvic organ prolapse underwent pelvic floor reconstruction surgery. Patients were categorized by the type of surgical mesh: 176 patients received a six-arm mesh and 192 patients received an anteroposterior approach mesh. The 1-year effect of the two groups was compared. The Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory Questionnaire (PFDI-20), Colorectal-Anal Distress Inventory (CRADI-8) and the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantitation (POP-Q) staging were used for evaluation. The incidence of complications was recorded. A cure standard was registered by a POP-Q score of grade I or below. A P value < 0.05 indicates the difference is statistically significant.Results: There was no recurrence documented in the patients; the cure rate was 100% in both groups. After surgery, the length of the vagina in the six-arm mesh group was longer than that of the control group at 6 months and 12 months, respectively (P < 0.05). The six-arm mesh group had lower PFDI-20 and CRADI-8 scores after surgery than those of the control group at 6 and 12 months, respectively (P < 0.05). Pelvic floor and rectal dysfunction symptom improvement were superior in the six-arm mesh group compared with the control group. After surgery, the Female Sexual Function Inventory (FSFI) score of the six-arm mesh group was superior to that of the control group at 6 and 12 months, respectively (P < 0.05). The incidence of complications in the six-arm mesh group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The total pelvic floor reconstruction using six-arm mesh has the same healing rate as anteroposterior approach mesh surgery, and it is better than traditional surgery in improving subjective symptoms and reducing postoperative complications.Keywords: pelvic floor reconstruction, pelvic organ prolapse, six-arm mesh
Published: 2020

28. Anti-Tumor Xanthones from Garcinia nujiangensis Suppress Proliferation, and Induce Apoptosis via PARP, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathways in Human Ovarian Cancers Cells

Author: Tang Z, Lu L, and Xia Z
Subjects: garcinia nujiangensis, xanthone, ovarian cancer, molecular docking, apoptosis, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Zhongyan Tang,1,* Lihua Lu,2,* Zhengxiang Xia3 1Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Jin Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neonatology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pharmacy, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhengxiang Xia Tel +8621-66315500Email xzx5380537@163.comBackground: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a serious public health concern in the world. It is important to develop novel drugs to inhibit OC.Purpose: This study investigated the isolation, elucidation, efficiency, molecular docking, and pharmaceutical mechanisms of xanthones isolated from Garcinia nujiangensis.Methods: Xanthones were isolated, and purified by different chromatography, including silica gel, reversed-phase silica gel (ODS-C18), and semipreparative HPLC, then identified by analysis of their spectral data. Three xanthones were estimated for their efficiency on the human OC cells HEY and ES-2. 2 was found to be the most potent cytotoxic xanthones of those tested. Further, its mechanisms of action were explored by molecular docking, cell apoptosis, and Western blotting analysis.Results: Bioassay-guided fractionation of the fruits of Garcinia nujiangensis led to the separation of a new xanthone named nujiangexanthone G ( 1) and two known xanthones. Among these, isojacareubin ( 2) exhibited the most potent cytotoxic compound against the HEY and ES-2 cell lines. The analysis of Western blot suggested that 2 inhibited OC via regulating the PARP, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and ERK/MAPK signal pathways in the HEY cell lines.Conclusion: In conclusion, isojacareubin ( 2) might be a potential drug for the treatment of OC.Keywords: Garcinia nujiangensis, xanthone, ovarian cancer; OC, molecular docking, apoptosis
Published: 2020

29. miR-22 Suppresses Tumor Invasion and Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Targeting NLRP3

Author: Cong J, Gong J, Yang C, Xia Z, and Zhang H
Subjects: mir-22, nlrp3, colorectal cancer, epithelial–mesenchymal transformation, invasion, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Jinchun Cong,1,* Jian Gong,2,* Chuanjia Yang,3 Zhixiu Xia,1 Hong Zhang1 1Department of Colorectal Tumor Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110016, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hong Zhang Email zhanghong7919@outlook.comPurpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of microRNA (miR)-22 on biological behaviors of colon cancer cells and to explore the relationship between miR-22 and NLRP3.Materials and Methods: First, human colon cancer HCT116 cells were transfected with a miR-22 mimic, miR-22 inhibitor, control mimic, and control inhibitor, respectively. CCK8, colony formation, and transwell assays were performed to observe cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Western blotting was used to analyze the expression of recombinant NLRP3 (NLR family, pyrin domain-containing protein 3) and epithelial–mesenchymal transformation (EMT)-related proteins. The target relationship between miR-22 and NLRP3 was verified by double luciferase report. Second, an NLRP3 inhibitor and NLRP3 mimic were transfected into HCT116 cells, and the biological behaviors and EMT-related proteins were again observed. Finally, a nude mouse xenograft model was constructed to verify the above results.Results: In vitro, compared with the control group, administration of the miR-22 mimic significantly decreased proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCT116 cells, whereas the miR-22 inhibitor markedly increased their proliferation and invasion (p< 0.05). Levels of NLRP3, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), MMP-2, N-cadherin, and vimentin were significantly reduced after miR-22 mimic transfection (p< 0.05). Furthermore, silencing of NLRP3, a downstream gene of miR-22 in HCT116 cells, suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCT116 cells. However, overexpression of NLRP3 weakened the effects of the miR-22 mimic. In vivo, overexpression of miR-22 slowed the growth rate of tumors and reduced Ki-67 expression in tumor tissues compared with the model group (p< 0.05). In tumor tissues, overexpression of miR-22 also decreased expression of NLRP3, IL-1β, MMP-9, MMP-2, N-cadherin, and vimentin compared with the model group (p< 0.05). Overexpression of NLRP3 weakened the role of miR-22 overexpression in vivo.Conclusion: miR-22 suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in colorectal cancer by targeting NLRP3.Keywords: miR-22, NLRP3, colorectal cancer, epithelial–mesenchymal transformation, invasion
Published: 2020

30. Alginate Suppresses Liver Fibrosis Through the Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling

Author: Xia Z, Ding L, Zheng J, Xu Y, Jin W, Sheng X, and Wu J
Subjects: liver fibrosis, cell proliferation, alginate, apoptosis, nf-κb., Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Ziqiang Xia,1 Li Ding,1 Juzeng Zheng,1 Yilun Xu,1 Wenyi Jin,1 Xiong Sheng,2,3 Jinming Wu1 1Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing College, Jiaxing 314000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiong ShengDepartment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing College, Jiaxing 314000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +8613738262938Fax +8615858827358Email 783532291@qq.comJinming WuDepartment of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +8613587694167Fax +8615157785663Email wzfydw@163.comPurpose: Liver fibrosis (or liver scarring) is a causative factor for hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Alginate (Agn) isolated from brown algae is known to slow the proliferation of fibroblasts, through the mechanisms of these effects remain undefined. This study explored the benefits of Agn on hepatic health and its associated mechanism(s) of action in hepatic stellate cells (HSC-T6s).Materials and Methods: To assess the effects of Agn, HSC-T6s were treated with PDGF and cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration, cell invasiveness and apoptosis were assessed. Rat models of liver fibrosis were produced through 12-week injections of intraperitoneal (IP) carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Rats were Agn-treated from weeks 8 to 12, and liver damage was assessed through Masson’s and H & E staining. Gene expression profiles were assayed via RT-PCR, Western blot and commercial ELISA kits.Results: Agn reduced the proliferation of HSC-T6s and increased apoptotic rates through the downregulation of the Bcl-2:Bax ratio. Agn also inhibited the invasion and migration of HSC-T6s, prevented ECM deposition, and reduced the occurrence of liver fibrosis in rat models. Agn also prevented IκBα and p65 phosphorylation.Conclusion: Agn prevents liver fibrosis through its attenuation of HSC activation and division through the suppression of NF-κB in in vitro and animal models. This highlights how the clinical use of Agn can prevent hepatic fibrosis.Keywords: liver fibrosis, cell proliferation, alginate, apoptosis, NF-κB
Published: 2020

31. Evaluation of Intestinal Absorption Mechanism and Pharmacokinetics of Curcumin-Loaded Galactosylated Albumin Nanoparticles

Author: Huang Y, Deng S, Luo X, Liu Y, Xu W, Pan J, Wang M, and Xia Z
Subjects: intestinal absorption, galactosylated nanoparticles, oral bioavailability, absorption mechanism, curcumin, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Yike Huang,* Suya Deng,* Xinxin Luo, Yi Liu, Wanjun Xu, Jingmiao Pan, Min Wang, Zhining Xia School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhining XiaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Huxi Campus, No.55 Daxuecheng South Road, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-13883077188Email znxia@cqu.edu.cnBackground: Most of the oral drugs have the properties of weak intestinal absorption and low bioavailability, which leads to little treatment to diseases. By nanotechnology, these drugs can be efficiently delivered to pass biological barriers and promote the cell uptake ability for the enhancement of the oral bioavailability.Methods: The present work chose the prepared curcumin-loaded galactosylated albumin nanoparticles (Gal-BSA NPs) as the nano-drug samples to study the intestinal capacity and the oral bioavailability.Results: The cell uptake assay showed that the Gal-BSA NPs could promote the internalization of more curcumin into the Caco-2 cells. Moreover, the cell uptake mechanism of Gal-BSA-Cur NPs depended on the clathrin-mediated endocytosis transport. The intestinal permeation assay using one Ussing chamber exhibited that the absorptive amounts of curcumin in Gal-BSA-Cur NPs group were 1.5-fold of pure curcumin group. Meanwhile, the permeation mechanism of Gal-BSA-Cur NPs across the intestine mainly depended on the passive transport. The pharmacokinetics study in vivo suggested that the oral bioavailability of Gal-BSA-Cur NPs was improved by 1.4-fold compared with pure curcumin.Conclusion: All results demonstrated that Gal-BSA NPs could improve the intestinal absorption capacity and oral bioavailability of curcumin through the double absorption mechanisms of the clathrin-mediated endocytosis and the passive transport.Keywords: intestinal absorption, galactosylated nanoparticles, oral bioavailability, absorption mechanism, curcumin
Published: 2019

32. The Impact Of Pharmaceutical Interventions On The Use Of Carbapenems In A Chinese Hospital: A Pre–Post Study

Author: Xin C, Xia Z, and Li G
Subjects: carbapenems，pharmaceutical interventions，readmission rates, daily defined doses, days of therapy, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Chuanwei Xin, Zhongni Xia, Gonghua Li Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Gonghua LiDepartment of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Gucui Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 571 8997 2240Email xyaoshi9@163.comBackground: The challenge of drug resistance to carbapenems is of international concern with leading to increased hospital lengths of stay, costs, and mortality rates. How to get rid of the vicious cycle of drug resistance, new drugs, and re-resistance, and even the emergence of all-drug-resistant bacteria that humans cannot cope with, are the major challenges we face. To date, data about pharmaceutical interventions on the use of carbapenems are currently limited.Patients and methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare pre- and post-intervention in Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province. Pharmaceutical interventions were performed in the post-intervention group, including real time monitoring of medication orders, educative group activities, and making interventions to physicians. Intervention acceptance and outcomes, including the length of hospital stay, readmission rates, 30-day mortality, and utilization of carbapenems, which was evaluated by the daily defined doses (DDDs), the days of therapy (DOTs), and the cost of carbapenems, were reviewed.Results: During the study, 593 interventions were provided by clinical pharmacists with an average acceptance rate of 82.79%. Compared with the pre-intervention group, prescriptions of carbapenems for pathogen-directed therapy were improved significantly in the post-intervention group (59.27% vs 21.74%, p=0.022). The DDDs decreased from 281.96 to 174.28 and DOTs decreased from 9.19 to 5.18 after pharmaceutical intervention, and the pharmaceutical interventions had significantly lower mean total cost of carbapenems ($13,828.8 vs $8137.1, p=0.004) and length of hospital stay (9.3±1.5 vs 15.9±2.2, p=0.014). There was a significant reduction in 30-day mortality in the post-intervention group (9.46% vs 17.86%, p=0.013) while there were no differences found in the 30-day readmission (20.19% vs 20.66%, p=0.99).Conclusion: Implementation of pharmaceutical interventions in our hospital successfully improved the appropriateness of carbapenem prescribing overall, and reduced the DDDs, DOTs, length of hospital day, and cost of carbapenems.Keywords: carbapenems, pharmaceutical interventions, readmission rates, daily defined doses, days of therapy
Published: 2019

33. Effects of Na2CO3/ZnO co-addition on the sinterability and electrical conductivity of BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Sc0.1O3-δ ceramic

Author: Luo, X. Y., Meng, B., Xia, Z. D., Chen, Q. B., Dong, D. Z., and Zhao, M. Y.
Published: 2020
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34. Magnetoresistance evidence on surface state and field-dependent bulk gap in Kondo insulator SmB6

Author: Chen, F., Shang, C., Jin, Z., Zhao, D., Wu, Y. P., Xiang, Z. J., Xia, Z. C., Wang, A. F., Luo, X. G., Wu, T., and Chen, X. H.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract: Recently, the resistance saturation at low temperature in Kondo insulator SmB6, a long-standing puzzle in condensed matter physics, was proposed to originate from topological surface state. Here,we systematically studied the magnetoresistance of SmB6 at low temperature up to 55 Tesla. Both temperature- and angular-dependent magnetoresistances show a similar crossover behavior below 5 K. Furthermore, the angular-dependent magnetoresistance on different crystal face confirms a two-dimensional surface state as the origin of magnetoresistances crossover below 5K. Based on two-channels model consisting of both surface and bulk states, the field-dependence of bulk gap with critical magnetic field (Hc) of 196 T is extracted from our temperature-dependent resistance under different magnetic fields. Our results give a consistent picture to understand the low-temperature transport behavior in SmB6, consistent with topological Kondo insulator scenario., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2013

35. B-367 Analytical Validation of New CLIA Based TPS Assay as a Biomarker in Cancer Management

Author: Jagarlamudi, K, primary, Damico, Y, additional, Pellegrini, P, additional, Torstensson, M, additional, Xia, Z, additional, and Xue, L, additional
Published: 2023
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36. First Report of Tobacco Fusarium Root Rot Caused by Fusarium meridionale in China

Author: Gai, X. T., primary, Jiang, N., additional, Lu, C. H., additional, Hu, Y. X., additional, Ma, J. J., additional, Wang, J. M., additional, and Xia, Z. Y., additional
Published: 2023
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37. Cuprous oxide nanoparticles reduces hypertrophic scarring by inducing fibroblast apoptosis

Author: Xiao Y, Xu D, Song H, Shu F, Wei P, Yang X, Zhong C, Wang X, Müller WEG, Zheng Y, Xiao S, and Xia Z
Subjects: CONPs, hypertrophic scar, apoptosis, proliferation, mitochondria, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Yongqiang Xiao,1,* Dayuan Xu,1,* Hongyuan Song,2,* Futing Shu,1 Pei Wei,3 Xiaolan Yang,3 Chenjian Zhong,3 Xiaohong Wang,4 Werner EG Müller,4 YongJun Zheng,1 Shichu Xiao,1,* Zhaofan Xia11Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Burns Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, People’s Republic of China; 4Erc Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany*These authors contributed equally to this workBackground: Less apoptosis and excessive growth of fibroblasts contribute to the progression of hypertrophic scar formation. Cuprous oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) could have not only inhibited tumor by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells, but also promoted wound healing. The objective of this study was to further explore the therapeutic effects of CONPs on hypertrophic scar formation in vivo and in vitro.Methods: In vivo, a rabbit ear scar model was established on New Zealand albino rabbits. Six full-thickness and circular wounds (10 mm diameter) were made to each ear. Following complete re-epithelization observed on postoperative day 14, an intralesional injection of CONPs or 5% glucose solution was conducted to the wounds. The photo and ultrasonography of each wound were taken every week and scars were harvested on day 35 for further histomorphometric analysis. In vitro, the role of CONPs in human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) apoptosis and proliferation were evaluated by Tunnel assay, Annexin V/PI staining, cell cycle analysis, and EdU proliferation assay. The endocytosis of CONPs by fibroblasts were detected through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS production were also detected.Results: In vivo, intralesional injections of CONPs could significantly improve the scar appearance and collagen arrangement, and decreased scar elevation index (SEI). In vitro, CONPs could prominently inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in HSFs in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, CONPs could be endocytosed into mitochondria，damage the mitochondrial membrane potential and increase ROS production.Conclusion: CONPs possessed the therapeutic potential in the treatment of hypertrophic scar by inhibiting HSFs proliferation and inducing HSFs apoptosis.Keywords: CONPs, hypertrophic scar, apoptosis, proliferation, mitochondria
Published: 2019

38. Anxiety-induced hyperalgesia in female rats is mediated by cholecystokinin 2 receptor in rostral ventromedial medulla and spinal 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor

Author: Jiang M, Bo J, Lei Y, Hu F, Xia Z, Liu Y, Lu C, Sun Y, Hou B, Ni K, Ma Z, and Gu X
Subjects: cholecystokinin 2 receptor, 5-hydoxytryptophan 2B receptor, preoperative anxiety and postoperative hyperalgesia, rostral ventromedial medulla, spinal cord, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Ming Jiang1,*, Jinhua Bo1,*, Yishan Lei,1 Fan Hu,2 Zhengrong Xia,2 Yue Liu,1 Cui’e Lu,1 Yu’e Sun,1 Bailing Hou,1 Kun Ni,1 Zhengliang Ma,1 Xiaoping Gu1 1Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Basic Medicine, Analytical & Testing Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workBackground: Preoperative anxiety is associated with postoperative hyperalgesia; however, few studies have investigated the mechanism underlying this association in female surgical patients. Research has suggested that ON cells in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) receive nerve impulses via cholecystokinin 2 (CCK2) receptors, facilitating hyperalgesia. Additionally, the downstream serotonergic projection system from the RVM to the spinal cord has a dual regulating effect on pain responses, and the 5-hydoxytryptophan 2B (5-HT2B) receptor in spinal dorsal horn neurons is critically involved in mechanical allodynia.Methods: Ovariectomized rats were treated with estrogen replacement, single prolonged stress (SPS), and plantar incision. Various receptor agonists and antagonists were then administered into the RVM and spinal cord to study the mechanism underlying postoperative hyperalgesia caused by preoperative anxiety in female rats.Results: Behavioral testing revealed that preoperative SPS induced postoperative hyperalgesia, as well as the expression of the CCK2 receptor in the RVM and the expression of the 5-HT2B receptor, protein kinase Cγ (PKCγ), and phosphorylation of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor1 (p-NR1) in the spinal cord increased confirmed by Western blot. RVM microinjection of the CCK2 receptor agonist CCK-8 and intrathecal injection of the 5-HT2B receptor agonist BW723C86 both produced hyperalgesia in female rats after plantar incision, whereas the CCK2 receptor antagonist YM022, the 5-HT2B receptor antagonist RS127445, and the PKCγ inhibitor C37H65N9O13 decreased the rats’ sensitivity to the same stimulus. Additionally, electrophysiological analysis suggested that activation of the 5-HT2B receptor increased the whole-cell current (IBa) in superficial dorsal horn neurons through the PKCγ pathway.Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that preoperative anxiety-induced postoperative hyperalgesia in female rats is associated with descending pain pathways. The CCK2 receptor in the RVM and spinal 5-HT2B receptor may play a role in this hyperalgesic effect.Keywords: cholecystokinin 2 receptor, 5-hydoxytryptophan 2B receptor, preoperative anxiety, postoperative hyperalgesia, rostral ventromedial medulla, spinal cord
Published: 2019

39. Mortality trends of bladder cancer in China from 1991 to 2015: an age-period-cohort analysis

Author: Yang Y, Cheng Z, Jia X, Shi N, Xia Z, Zhang W, and Shi X
Subjects: bladder cancer, age effect, period effect, cohort effect, intrinsic estimator, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Yongli Yang,1 Zhiwei Cheng,2 Xiaocan Jia,1 Nian Shi,3 Zhenhua Xia,1 Weiping Zhang,1 Xuezhong Shi1 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; 2Department of Case Management, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; 3Department of Physical Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China Purpose: The effects of age, period, and cohort on mortality rates of bladder cancer in China remained vague. This study aimed to analyze the secular trends of bladder cancer mortality in China and estimate the independent effects of age, period, and cohort. Methods: Data for bladder cancer mortality from 1991 to 2015 was obtained from the WHO Mortality Database and China Health Statistical Yearbook. The age-period-cohort model was used to estimate the effect of age, period, and cohort. The intrinsic estimator method was used to solve the nonidentification problem of collinearity among age, period, and cohort. Results: The age-standardized mortality rates of total residents (2.33–1.87/100,000), male (3.45–2.89/100,000), and female (1.24–0.82/100,000) showed decreasing trends, which was more obvious in males than in females. Age effects increased consistently with age in all age groups (coefficients: –2.02 to 1.91 in the total population, –2.06 to 2.02 in males and –2.04 to 1.81 in females). Cohort effects decreased overall (coefficients: 0.96 to –1.62 in the total population, 1.11 to –1.66 in males and 0.78 to –1.46 in females). Period effects were not found in China. Conclusion: Although a decreasing mortality was observed, the bladder cancer burden in China will likely increase in the next few years due to population aging, environmental pollution, and food safety. The findings suggested that preventive measures should be taken corresponding to the changes in age-and cohort-related factors in the population. Keywords: bladder cancer, age effect, period effect, cohort effect, intrinsic estimator
Published: 2019

40. Curcumin-loaded galactosylated BSA nanoparticles as targeted drug delivery carriers inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and migration

Author: Huang Y, Hu L, Huang S, Xu W, Wan J, Wang D, Zheng G, and Xia Z
Subjects: albumin, curcumin, nanoparticles, galactosylated, hepatocellular carcinoma, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Yike Huang,1 Lu Hu,2 Shan Huang,1 Wanjun Xu,1 Jingyuan Wan,2 Dandan Wang,1 Guocan Zheng,3 Zhining Xia1 1Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China; 2Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; 3Analytical and Testing Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China Background: The main objective of this study was to develop novel BSA nanoparticles (BSA NPs) for improving the bioavailability of curcumin as an anticancer drug, and those BSA NPs were galactosylated for forming the curcumin-loaded galactosylated BSA nanoparticles (Gal-BSA-Cur NPs), thus enhancing their ability to target asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) overexpressed on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Materials and methods: Gal-BSA-Cur NPs were prepared by the desolvation method and showed a spherical shape and well distribution with the average particle size of 116.24 nm. Results: In vitro drug release assay exhibited that Gal-BSA-Cur NPs had higher release rates and improved the curcumin solubility. Cell uptake studies confirmed that Gal-BSA-Cur NPs could selectively recognize receptors on the surface of HCC (HepG2) cells and improve internalization ability of drug compared with BSA NPs-loaded curcumin (BSA-Cur NPs), which might be due to high affinity to galactose. Further, the effects of Gal-BSA-Cur NPs were evaluated by cytotoxicity assay, crystal violet assay, cell apoptosis assay, and wound healing assay, respectively, which revealed that Gal-BSA-Cur NPs could inhibit HepG2 cells proliferation, induce cell apoptosis, and inhibit cell migration. Conclusion: Immunofluorescence staining has proved that the effects of Gal-BSA-Cur NPs related to the suppression of the nuclear factor κB-p65 (NF-κB-p65) expression in HepG2 cell nucleus. Therefore, these results indicate that novel Gal-BSA-Cur NPs are potential candidates for targeted curcumin delivery to HCC cells. Keywords: albumin, curcumin, nanoparticles, galactosylated, hepatocellular carcinoma
Published: 2018

41. An epidemiologic study on symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse in obese Chinese women: a population-based study in China

Author: Li Z, Xu T, Gong J, Liu Q, Wang Y, Wang J, Xia Z, and Zhu L
Subjects: epidemiology, pelvic organ prolapse, prevalence, risk factors, obese, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract: Zhiyi Li,1 Tao Xu,2 Zhaoai Li,3 Jian Gong,4 Qing Liu,5 Yulin Wang,6 Juntao Wang,7 Zhijun Xia,8 Lan Zhu1 1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Children’s Hospital of Shanxi Province, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse in obese Chinese women.Subjects and methods: We performed a secondary analysis of 3,105 obese women from an observational cross-sectional study conducted between February 2014 and March 2016 in Mainland China. The obesity standard in our study was the Chinese standard (body mass index ≥28). All the subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire which included age, job, parity, and so on. Symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse (POP) was characterized as being symptomatic and at stage II or higher. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the factors associated with symptomatic POP.Results: The prevalence of symptomatic POP was 15.84% in obese Chinese women, and there was a consistent increasing trend in the prevalence of POP with increasing age, ranging from 4.78% in women between 20 and 29 years of age to 28.21% in women aged 70 years or older (P3 weeks), and gynecological abnormalities. In addition, multiparity was not associated with symptomatic POP in multivariable analysis.Conclusion: Symptomatic POP affects nearly 16% of obese women in People’s Republic of China. The prevalence of symptomatic POP increases significantly with age. Keywords: epidemiology, pelvic organ prolapse, prevalence, risk factors, obese, China
Published: 2018

42. Anisotropic fracture of advanced high strength steel sheets: Experiment and theory

Author: Li, Shuhui, He, Ji, Gu, Bin, Zeng, Danielle, Xia, Z. Cedric, Zhao, Yixi, and Lin, Zhongqin
Published: 2018
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43. The dynamical equation of relative motion for non-material volumes

Author: Jiang, W. A., Liu, K., Chen, M., and Xia, Z. W.
Published: 2018
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44. Ellipsoidal collapse and previrialization

Author: Del Popolo, A., Ercan, N. E., and Xia, Z.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: We study the non-linear evolution of a dust ellipsoid,embedded in a Friedmann flat background universe, in order to determine the evolution of the density of the ellipsoid as the perturbation to it related detaches from general expansion and begins to collapse. We show that while the growth rate of the density contrast of a mass element is enhanced by the shear in agreement with Hoffman (1986a), the angular momentum acquired by the ellipsoid has the right magnitude to counterbalance the effect of the shear. The result confirms the previrialization conjecture (Peebles & Groth 1976; Davis & Peebles 1977; Peebles 1990) by showing that initial asphericities and tidal interactions begin to slow down the collapse after the system has broken away from the general expansion.
Published: 2001
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45. Abs Algorithms for Linear Equations and Abspack

Author: Spedicato, E., Xia, Z., Bodon, E., and Del Popolo, A.
Subjects: Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the main results obtained during a research on ABS methods in the framework of the project Analisi Numerica e Matematica Computazionale., Comment: 22 pages
Published: 2001

46. Oxycodone ameliorates the inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide in primary microglia

Author: Ye J, Yan H, and Xia Z
Subjects: oxycodone, inflammatory, microglia, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Jishi Ye,1 Hong Yan,2 Zhongyuan Xia1 1Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People’s Republic of China Background: Activation of microglia participates in a wide range of pathophysiological processes in the central nervous system. Some studies reported that oxycodone (6-deoxy-7,8-dehydro-14-hydroxy-3-O-methyl-6oxomorphine) could inhibit the overactivation of glial cells in rats’ spinal cords. In the present study, we observed the effect of oxycodone on inflammatory molecules and pathway in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated primary microglia in rats. Materials and methods: Neonatal rats’ primary microglia were exposed to various concentrations (25, 50, 100 ng/mL) of oxycodone for 1 h after LPS stimulation for 24 h. The levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, IL-1β, TNF-α, and TGF-β1/smad2/3 signaling pathway were measured. The activation situation of microglia and the expression of TβR1 were observed by immunofluorescence. Results: Oxycodone at 25 ng/mL did not change the levels of proinflammatory molecules and TGF-β1/smad2/3 signaling pathway in primary microglia, which was increased by LPS. Oxycodone at 50 and 100 ng/mL could significantly suppress LPS-induced production of TNF-α and IL-1β and the expression of TNF-αmRNA, IL-1βmRNA, and TGF-β1/smad2/3 signaling pathway. Conclusion: These findings indicate that oxycodone, at relatively high clinically relevant concentration, can inhibit inflammatory response in LPS-induced primary microglia. The detailed mechanism needs to be investigated in future. Keywords: oxycodone, inflammatory, microglia
Published: 2018

47. Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward the daily management of PICC in critically ill cancer patients discharged from intensive care units

Author: Chen J, Zhao H, Xia Z, Zhang Y, Lv X, Zhou X, Dong X, Li J, Jiang H, Huang Y, and Huang H
Subjects: malignant tumor, peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP), critically ill, intensive care unit, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Jie Chen,1,2,* Hui Zhao,3,* Zhijie Xia,3 Ying Zhang,1 Xiang Lv,1 Xuhui Zhou,1 Xiang Dong,1 Jingjie Li,1 Hong Jiang,1 Yan Huang,1 Huimin Huang1 1Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai 9th People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; 2National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, China; 3Department of Emergency, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are widely used in critically ill cancer patients. We aimed to investigate the status of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward the daily management of PICCs in critically ill cancer patients discharged from intensive care units. Methods: Totally, 152 critically ill cancer patients discharged from two intensive care units in China were surveyed using a self-administered KAP questionnaire. Patients’ demographics and PICC-related KAP scores were collected and analyzed using independent-samples t-test and multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis. Results: All 152 patients completed the survey. The mean KAP scores were 32.61±3.80 points, 28.11±3.18 points, and 44.31±3.98 points, respectively. KAP scores were found to have significant positive correlations with each other (P
Published: 2018

48. mPEG-PLA/TPGS mixed micelles via intranasal administration improved the bioavailability of lamotrigine in the hippocampus

Author: Yu A, Lv J, Yuan F, Xia Z, Fan K, Chen G, Ren J, Lin C, Wei S, and Yang F
Subjects: Bioavailability, epilepsy, intranasal administration, lamotrigine, mixed micelle, TPGS, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Anan Yu,1,* Jieqiong Lv,1,* Fang Yuan,1 Zihua Xia,1 Kaiyan Fan,1 Gang Chen,1,2 Jialin Ren,1 Cuicui Lin,1 Shijie Wei,1,2 Fan Yang1,2 1Department of Pharmaceutics, 2Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: This study aimed to develop a novel methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) (mPEG-PLA)/D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) mixed micelle drug delivery system to improve lamotrigine (LTG) distribution in the hippocampus.Methods: LTG-loaded mPEG-PLA/TPGS mixed micelles and LTG-loaded mPEG-PLA micelles were formulated, and their characteristics, particle size, surface morphology, and release behavior in vitro were researched. Then, a microdialysis sampling technique coupled with two validated chromatographic systems was developed for the continuous measurement of the protein-unbound form of LTG in the rat plasma and hippocampus after administering two kinds of micelles and LTG solution intranasally. Results: The drug loading and mean size of LTG-loaded micelles and LTG-loaded mixed micelles prepared with optimal formulation were 36.44%±0.14%, 39.28%±0.26%, 122.9, and 183.5 nm, respectively, with a core–shell structure. The cumulative release rate in vivo of LTG-loaded mixed micelles was 84.21% at 24 hours and showed more sustained release while that of LTG-loaded micelles was 80.61% at 6 hours. The Tmax and area under concentration-time curve from zero to time of last quantifiable concentration of LTG solution, LTG-loaded micelles, and LTG-loaded mixed micelles were 55, 35, and 15 minutes and about 5,384, 16,500, and 25,245 (min·µg)/L in the hippocampus, respectively.Conclusion: The results revealed that LTG-loaded mPEG-PLA/TPGS mixed micelles enhanced the absorption of LTG at the nasal cavity and reduced the efflux of LTG in the brain, suggesting that the function of TPGS inhibited P-glycoprotein and LTG-loaded mPEG-PLA/TPGS mixed micelles had the potential to overcome refractory epilepsy. Keywords: epilepsy, intranasal administration, lamotrigine, P-glycoprotein, blood brain barrier, TPGS
Published: 2017

49. State-selective Charge Exchange in 19.5–100 keV amu−1 O6+ Collision with He and H2

Author: Cao, T., primary, Meng, T., additional, Gao, Y., additional, Zhang, S. F., additional, Zhang, R. T., additional, Yan, S., additional, Zhu, X. L., additional, Wang, J., additional, Ma, P., additional, Ren, B., additional, Xia, Z. H., additional, Guo, D. L., additional, Zhang, C. J., additional, Lin, K. Z., additional, Xu, S., additional, Wei, B., additional, and Ma, X., additional
Published: 2023
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50. The PDZ-binding domain is essential for the dendritic targeting of 5-HT2A serotonin receptors in cortical pyramidal neurons in vitro

Author: Xia, Z, Hufeisen, SJ, Gray, JA, and Roth, BL
Subjects: Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Underpinning research, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Neurological, Animals, Binding Sites, Cell Line, Cerebral Cortex, Cricetinae, Dendrites, Humans, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Protein Binding, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Pyramidal Cells, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A, Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists, Serotonin Receptor Agonists, Transfection, neuronal polarity, polarized protein sorting, G protein-coupled receptor, GPCR, axon, dendrite, Psychology, Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: The 5-HT(2A) serotonin receptor represents an important molecular target for atypical antipsychotic drugs and for most hallucinogens. In the mammalian cerebral cortex, 5-HT(2A) receptors are enriched in pyramidal neurons, within which 5-HT(2A) receptors are preferentially sorted to the apical dendrites. In primary cortical cultures, 5-HT(2A) receptors are sorted to dendrites and not found in the axons of pyramidal neurons. We identified a sorting motif that mediates the preferential targeting of 5-HT(2A) receptors to the dendrites of cortical pyramidal neurons in vitro. We constructed green fluorescent protein-tagged 5-HT(2A) receptors wherein potential sorting motifs were disrupted, and subsequently employed either the Semliki Forest virus or calcium phosphate for the transient expression of recombinant 5-HT(2A) receptors in cultured cortical pyramidal neurons. Using dual-labeling immunofluorescent confocal microscopy, we quantified the axonal and dendritic sorting patterns of endogenous and recombinant 5-HT(2A) receptors. We discovered that disruption of the PDZ-binding domain of the 5-HT(2A) receptor greatly attenuates the dendritic targeting of 5-HT(2A) receptors without inappropriately sorting 5-HT(2A) receptors to axons. The PDZ-binding domain is therefore a necessary signal for the preferential targeting of the 5-HT(2A) receptor to the dendritic compartment of cultured cortical pyramidal neurons, the first such role ascribed to this protein-protein interaction motif of any G protein-coupled receptor.
Published: 2003

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