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Abstract With the global land use/land cover (LULC) and climate change, the ecological resilience (ER) in typical Karst areas has become the focus of attention. Its future development trend and its spatial response to natural and anthropogenic factors are crucial for understanding the changes of ecologically fragile areas to human behavior. However, there is still a lack of relevant quantitative research. The study systematically analyzed the characteristics of LULC changes in Southwest China with typical Karst over the past 20 years. Drawing on the landscape ecology research paradigm, a potential-elasticity-stability ER assessment model was constructed. Revealing the characteristics and heterogeneity of the spatial distribution, annual evolution, and development trend of ER in the past and under different scenarios of shared socioeconomic pathways and representative concentration pathways (SSP-RCP) in the future. In addition, the spatial econometric model was utilized to reveal the spatial effect response mechanism of ER, and adaptive development strategies were proposed to promote the sustainable development of Southwest China. The study found that : (1) In the past 20 years, the LULC in Southwest China showed an accelerated change trend, the ER decreased declined in general, and there was significant spatial heterogeneity, showing the spatial distribution pattern of “west is larger than east, south is larger than north, and reduction in the west was slower than that in the east.” (2) Under the same SSP scenario, with the increase of RCP emission concentration, the area of the lowest-resilience increased significantly, and the area of the highest-resilience decreased. (3) The woodland was the largest contributor to ER per unit area in the Southwest China, and grassland was the main LULC type, which had a prominent impact on the ER of the study area. (4) The average precipitation and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were significant natural drivers of ER in the study area, and the economic growth, innovation, and optimization of industrial structure contributed to the ER of Southwest China. Overall, the integration of quantitative assessment and multi-scenario-based modeling not only provides new perspectives for understanding the pattern of change and response mechanisms, but also provides valuable references for other typical Karst regions around the world to achieve sustainable development.

Scientific planning of landscape ecological networks can promote the overall improvement of urban ecosystems, but the current basis on single index and simple landscape ecological network extraction is not enough to support sustainable urban development. Comprehensively understanding the mechanism of landscape ecosystem operation, this study firstly constructed an urban landscape ecological health (LEH) assessment model integrating pattern, process, and function. Taking Harbin central city as the study area, conducting a LEH practical assessment to provide a scientific basis for its landscape ecological network planning. Secondly, the principal component analysis (PCA), minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model, and hydrological analysis were applied to extract the landscape ecological network. Finally, introducing complex network theory to optimize the network and determine key ecological nodes. The results indicated that (1) The LEH index of Harbin central city decreased from 0.481 to 0.446 from 2011 to 2020, with significant spatial differentiation. (2) 50 source landscapes and 8 sink landscapes were identified, with fewer ecological corridors, 50 source-type ecological nodes and 28 weak-type ecological nodes were selected. (3) Based on the LDF strategy of complex network theory, there were 14 additional ecological corridors, the connectivity and resilience of the landscape ecological network were greatly enhanced, and eight key ecological nodes were identified. (4) The plan presented a spatial pattern consisting of “three rings, four pieces, eight cores, and multiple corridors”, which can maintain the sustainable development of the urban ecosystem. In addition, this study aims to propose a more scientific and efficient landscape ecological network planning framework to provide new ideas for the ecological construction of the central city areas, which are the most profoundly urbanized in the world.

Abstract Aim This study aims to explore the effects of finite element biomechanical properties of different methods in the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures. Methods Based on the ultra-thin computed tomography scan data of a volunteer’s thoracolumbar spine, the finite element method was used to simulate the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture. Spiral computed tomography scanning was used to obtain images of the thoracolumbar region, which was then imported into Mimics software to obtain the three-dimensional geometric model. The finite element model of normal T11 – L2 segment was established by finite element software Abaqus and the validity of the model loading was verified. The finite element model of T11 vertebral compression fracture was established based on normal raw data. The clinical overextension reduction manipulation was simulated by different treatment methods and the changes in stress and displacement in different parts of injured vertebrae were analyzed. Results An effective finite element model of T11–L2 segment was established. The maximum stress, axial compression strength, axial compression stiffness, and transverse shear stiffness were significantly better in the percutaneous kyphoplasty and percutaneous vertebroplasty treatment group than in the conservative treatment group and open treatment group (P

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare but fatal disease characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance and increased pressure in the distal pulmonary arteries. Systematic analysis of the proteins and pathways involved in the progression of PAH is crucial for understanding the underlying molecular mechanism. In this study, we performed tandem mass tags (TMT)-based relative quantitative proteomic profiling of lung tissues from rats treated with monocrotaline (MCT) for 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks. A total of 6759 proteins were quantified, among which 2660 proteins exhibited significant changes (p-value < 0.05, fold change < 0.83 or >1.2). Notably, these changes included several known PAH-related proteins, such as Retnla (resistin-like alpha) and arginase-1. Furthermore, the expression of potential PAH-related proteins, including Aurora kinase B and Cyclin-A2, was verified via Western blot analysis. In addition, we performed quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis on the lungs from MCT-induced PAH rats and identified 1412 upregulated phosphopeptides and 390 downregulated phosphopeptides. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed significant involvement of pathways such as complement and coagulation cascades and the signaling pathway of vascular smooth muscle contraction. Overall, this comprehensive analysis of proteins and phosphoproteins involved in the development and progression of PAH in lung tissues provides valuable insights for the development of potential diagnostic and treatment targets for PAH.

Affected by multiple factors, differentiated capital investment and power games have led to the uneven regional development of rural areas at cultural heritage sites. Therefore, it is urgent to reflect on the spatial equity and justice of heritage sites from the perspective of social space. This study took the territorial function of rural areas (TFRA) as its research objective, utilizing the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Site—the Qinshihuang Mausoleum—and the Qianling Mausoleum and the Qiaoling Mausoleum in Shaanxi Province as cases. Based on the theory of spatial production, an index system of TFRA was constructed using social and spatial dimensions. Factor analysis and social–spatial differentiation indices were employed to identify the spatial structure and differentiation of TFRA. The results show the following: (1) the case areas reflect eight principal components, and these components have obvious spatial differentiation characteristics; (2) the principal components related to heritage display and utilization have had a sustained impact over the past decade, which have driven the development of related industries, but the scores of principal components related to the restrictions of heritage protection have been decreased; (3) six functional type zones are designated, and the spatial pattern of TFRA presented a concentric circle with a core-periphery structure, which is influenced by heritage protection zoning; (4) high-value-added functional spaces form and expand along transportation lines; (5) the inherent demand for capital proliferation is the fundamental driving force for the differentiation and evolution of TFRA at heritage sites. Based on the results of the above analysis, strategies of coordinated development between society and space are proposed to address the issue of uneven regional development at heritage sites.

Marmol et al.'s ant algorithm based trust model is improved from several aspects: new interactive ant algorithm, new node types, more reasonable meta-assumption on node behaviors, new trust evaluation function, new penalty mechanism, and so on. Simulations on identifying malicious nodes and electing cluster head show that the proposal is effective and can observably reduce the packet drop ratios.

Polyphenols play a crucial role in fruit flavor. To elucidate the mechanism of fruit polyphenol metabolism, we constructed a transcriptome atlas through PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing and Illumina next-generation sequencing (NGS) using Canarium album (Lour.) Raeusch., which is a fantastic fruit rich in polyphenolic compounds. In this work, PacBio full-length transcriptome assembly generated 135,439 isoforms with an average length of all isoforms of 2687.94 bp and an N50 length of 3224 bp. To gain deeper insights into the molecular mechanisms of polyphenol biosynthesis in C. album, we constructed twelve RNA-Seq libraries from four developmental stages of the fruits. We identified a total of 28,658 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We found that many DEGs were involved in metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, biosynthesis of antibiotics, starch and sucrose metabolism, and plant hormone signal transduction. Here, we report the expression profiles of 215 DEGs encoding 27 enzymes involved in the polyphenol biosynthesis pathway in C. album. In addition, 285 differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) continuously down-regulated in four developmental periods of C. album fruit, which may indicate their potential role in the response to polyphenol metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways. This report will help us understand polyphenol biosynthesis’s functions and metabolic mechanism in C. album. The transcriptome data provide a valuable resource for genetic and genomics research. They will facilitate future work exploiting C. album and other fruits used as medicine and food.

In the past decade Chinese inflation was not high on average, but it was quite volatile. Back in the 1980s and 1990s, high inflation was a very real problem. What explains the inflationary dynamics in China? In particular, does monetary policy account for the substantial run-ups of inflation, followed by the equally substantial dis-inflation? In the absence of commitment technologies, the monetary authorities may create surprise inflation to achieve higher growth, while private agents would anticipate that and adjust their decisions accordingly, leading to accelerated inflation without a real impact. Do these types of simple time-inconsistency models of monetary policy explain the dynamic pattern of inflation in China? I show that the long-run and short-run restrictions imposed by discretionary policy, when the time-inconsistent policymaker has a desire to push output above potential, are largely rejected by the data. The estimates of the inflation bias under discretion when the policymaker is asymmetrically averse to recessions are not statistically significant either. The analysis contributes to the understanding of Chinese monetary policy and its inflationary implications and also points to the need of further investigation of inflationary behavior during the economic transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]