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Novel reconfigurable superconductive single flux quantum (SFQ) logic devices, the functions of which can be dynamically reconfigured by inputting control signals, have been investigated. The characteristics of single flux quantum circuits can be easily modulated by applying currents or magnetic fields because of the high sensitivity of superconductive circuits. We investigated several design approaches for the realization of dynamically reconfigurable SFQ logic devices. We employed direct current injection to the logic gate using a non-destructive read-out flip-flop. By changing the internal state of the non-destructive read-out flip-flop, the logic function can be dynamically reconfigured. We have designed and tested a dynamically reconfigurable Josephson transmission line (JTL)/delay flip-flop (DFF) circuit. The measured dc bias margin was 72.5–107.2%. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the operation of a variable bit-length shift register, composed of the dynamically reconfigurable JTL/DFF circuits. The investigated design approach can be applied to more sophisticated dynamically reconfigurable single flux quantum logic gates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pipelined 8-bit-serial single-flux-quantum (SFQ) microprocessor, called CORE1β, was designed and tested. The CORE1β has two cascaded arithmetic logic units (ALUs) based on forwarding architecture, which can perform two register operations from one instruction. Pipelining is also extensively adopted to enhance the performance. A new design method, known as one-hot encoding, has been introduced into the design of the control circuit. The 4-stage-pipelined SFQ microprocessors, CORE1β8, have been implemented using the CONNECT cell library and the SRL 2.5 kA/cm2 Nb process. The frequency for the instruction fetch is 25 GHz, and 20 GHz for the bit-serial data operation. The peak performance and the power consumption of the CORE1β8 are estimated to be 1400 MOPS (million instructions per second) and 3.4 mW, respectively. We have experimentally demonstrated 4-stage pipelining and all functionalities of the CORE1β8 microprocessors by on-chip high-speed tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI-linked Thy-1 molecules, well known cell surface markers of murine T cells., are present on the glomerular mesangial cells of the rat kidney. The administration of anti-Thy-1.1 MoAbs 1-22-3 and OX-7 to rats induces severe and mild complement-dependent mesangial proliferutive glomerulonephritis, respectively. In order lo determine whether proteintyrosine kinase (PTK) activity is associated with Thy-1 molecules on rat mesangial cell surface, we performed an immune complex kinase assay, using anti-Thy-1 MoAbs 1-22-3 and OX-7, followed by reimmunoprecipitation with anti-phosphotyrosine, anti-fyn, anti-lck and anti-lyn antibodies, Physical association of PTK, p59fyn and p56/53lyn with Thy-1 molecules was demonstated in cultured rat mesangial cells. The activities of these kinases detected in MoAb 1-22-3 precipitates were higher than those in MoAb OX-7 precipitates. These results suggest that Thy-1 molecule transduces some signals also in rat mesangial cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates antibodies to the protein tyronsine kinase Lyn. Suggests that the Lyn protein is physically associated with mIgM in B cells and functions in mIgM-mediated signalling.

We experimentally demonstrated high-speed logic operations of adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron (AQFP) gates through the use of quantum-flux-latches (QFLs). In QFL-based high-speed test circuits (QHTCs), the output data of the circuits under test (CUTs), which are driven by high-speed excitation currents, are stored in QFLs and are slowly read out using low-speed excitation currents. We designed and fabricated three types of QHTCs using QFLs with different circuit parameters, where the CUTs were buffer gates and and gates. We confirmed the correct operation of buffer gates and and gates at 1 GHz. The obtained bias margins of the 1 GHz excitation currents were more than \pm 30% for each QHTC, which is wide enough for high-speed logic operations of AQFP gates. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients accumulate uremic toxins in the body, potentially require dialysis, and can eventually develop cardiovascular disease. CKD incidence has increased worldwide, and preventing CKD progression is one of the most important goals in clinical treatment. In this study, we conducted a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments and employed a metabolomics approach to investigate CKD. Our results demonstrated that ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) is a major transporter of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate. ABCG2 regulates the pathophysiological excretion of indoxyl sulfate and strongly affects CKD survival rates. Our study is the first to report ABCG2 as a physiological exporter of indoxyl sulfate and identify ABCG2 as a crucial factor influencing CKD progression, consistent with the observed association between ABCG2 function and age of dialysis onset in humans. The above findings provided valuable knowledge on the complex regulatory mechanisms that regulate the transport of uremic toxins in our body and serve as a basis for preventive and individualized treatment of CKD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have successfully demonstrated an 8-bit microprocessor using passive transmission lines based on single-flux-quantum LSI technology, in the microprocessor designed here, called CORE1α6, a simple bit-serial architecture with seven instructions was employed. In the CORE1α6, the floor plan was designed with consideration toward integration of a memory, and superconductive passive transmission lines (PTLs) were used to connect circuit blocks. Utilization of PTLs helped us reduce the propagation delay in long interconnections The design flexibility of the floor plan was enhanced and the performance of the microprocessor was improved by 20% compared with our previous design. The CORE1α6 was composed of 6319 Josephson junctions and 15 PTLs with power consumption of 2.1 mW. We have confirmed the complete operations of the CORE1Ξ6 by on-chip high-speed tests. The maximum clock frequencies for bit operation and instruction execution have been found to be 18 GHz and 1.2 GHz, respectively, where the performance corresponds to 240 million instructions per second (MIPS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]