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Thromboembolic complications are the most important outcomes of atrial fibrillation (AF). New oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been presented to protect non-valvular AF patients from thromboembolic complications. In this study, we aimed to evaluate effectiveness and safety of NOACs and also reveal prescribing habits of physicians, retrospectively. NOACs and their effectiveness and safety retrospectively. Patients with non-valvular AF using either rivaroxaban or dabigatran were included in the study in five different tertiary centers. Patients were identified by scanning their medication reports. Appropriate patients were called and face-to-face interviews were done. Follow-ups were carried out on the phone. 183 out of 201 identified patients, taking rivaroxaban and dabigatran, were reached. General clinical characteristics were not significantly different between drug groups. Vascular disease and persistent AF were significantly higher in the rivaroxaban group. The rate of low dose medication in the dabigatran group was higher compared to the rivaroxaban group. Average age of the patients taking low dose medication were prominently higher in both groups. Between high and low dose users of the dabigatran group, creatinine clearance (CrCl) were not differed. Among rivaroxaban group, CrCl of the low dose users were lower than of the high dose users. However, among low-dose-prescribed patients, only 6 out of 38 patients had a CrCl value in the range of 30-49 ml/min, revealing that remaining 32 patients were receiving inappropriately low rivaroxaban dose. The rate of all-cause mortality, thromboembolism and bleeding complications were not statistically significant between the medication groups. While prescribing NOAC for non-valvular AF patients, physicians seem to consider patients’ ages rather than CrCl values. In terms of protecting from thromboembolism, rivaroxaban and dabigatran seem to be equally effective and safe. © 2017, E-Century Publishing Corporation. All rights reserved.

İntravasküler ultrason (İVUS) koroner arter lezyonlarının ciddiyetini değerlendirmede yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. İşlem sırasında kateter kırılması çok nadirdir ve kırılmış kateter parçasının koroner arter dışında başka bir organa kaçması daha önce bildirilmemiştir. Kırk bir yaşında erkek hastaya, koroner anjiyografide saptanan sol ana koroner arter lezyonunun ciddiyetini değerlendirmek için İVUS yapıldı. Sol ana koroner arterin İVUS ile görüntülenmesi sırasında kateterin distal parçasının kırıldığı görüldü. Distal kopuk parçanın koroner kıskaç ile perkütan yolla alınması sırasında, kırık parça kıskaçtan kurtuldu ve sağ renal artere kaçtı. Sağ koroner kılavuz kateterin sağ renal artere yerleştirilmesinden sonra parça koroner kıskaç ile tekrar yakalandı ve başarılı bir şekilde dışarıya çıkarıldı.

Aim: To simplify proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) method for mitral valve area (MVA) calculation that does not necessitate the usage of a calculator and angle correction, and to compare values estimated using this novel method with the values obtained by the conventional PISA, planimetry and pressure half-time (PHT) methods. Methods: We evaluated patients with a wide range of mitral stenosis (MS) severity. The MVA was measured by the methods of PHT (MVA PHT), planimetry (MVApl), conventional PISA (MVAC-PISA) and the novel method of simple PISA (MVAS-PISA). Application of simple PISA was performed subsequently by division of the peak mitral inflow velocity by four; measurement of the radius by adjusting the aliasing velocity to this value; square of the radius gives the MVAS-PISA. Results: Twenty patients were enrolled in the study. Peak and mean pressure gradients of patients were 20 ± 6 mmHg and 10 ± 4 mmHg, respectively. The average values of MVApl, MVAPHT, MVAC-PISA, and MVA S-PISA were 1,54 ± 0,41, 1,65 ± 0,40, 1,58 ± 0,42, 1,57 ± 0,44 cm2, respectively. MVAS-PISA had a strong correlation with the MVAC-PISA, MVApl and MVAPHT . Furthermore, there was no significant difference between simple PISA and the other methods. The agreement between planimetry and simple PISA methods for detecting severe mitral stenosis (MVA

Aim: To investigate elastic characteristics of the aorta in patients with epilepsy. Methods: Seventy five patients with a diagnosis of epilepsy through clinical and EEG findings and age and sex matched, 50 healthy controls were included. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures plus systolic and diastolic diameter of the aortic root was measured. Aortic strain (AS) and aortic distensibility (AD) and aortic distensibility index (BSI) were calculated. Results: The average age of the epilepsy group was 23.8.8 +/- 8.2 years, and of the control group it was 24.1 +/- 6.2 years (p > 0.05). AS and AD were lower in the epileptic group while the aortic stiffness index was higher (10.4 +/- 4.2 vs 16.9 +/- 0.2, p: 0.001, for AS; 8.7 +/- 4.0 vs 17.2 +/- 0.1, p: 0.001, for AD and 20.1 +/- 0.1 vs 3.5 +/- 1.2, p: 0.001 for BSI). Conclusion: Elastic characteristics of the aorta change in epileptic patients, with a decrease of the distensibility of the aorta and an increase of the stiffness. After this preliminary study, new controlled studies are needed.

Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi Haziran 2010 sayisinda yayinlanan "Brakiyal Arter Intima Media Kalinliginin Endotel Fonksiyonu ve Sol ventrikül Kütle Indeksi ile Iliskisi" baslikli makalemize gösterdigi ilgiden ve tamamlayici elestirilerinden dolayi sayin meslektaslarima tesekkür ederim. Ölçümlerin hangi koldan yapildigi sorulmustur. Çalismamizda tüm olgularda, brakiyal arter intima-media kalinligi (IMK) ve akim aracili vazodilatasyon (FMD) için tüm ölçümler, ultrasonografi cihazi ve sedye yerlesimi açisindan ölçüm almaya daha uygun oldugu için, sag koldan alindi. Yayinimizda ölçümlerin hangi koldan yapildigi açikça belirtilmediginden, bu duruma açiklik getirme firsati verdigi için bir kez daha yazarlara tesekkür ederim. Sag ve sol brakiyal IMK arasinda anlamli fark olup olmayacagi çalismalarla ortaya konmasi gerekmektedir. Gerçekten bu konuyu arastiran bir çalisma ilgi çekecektir.

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) may be overlooked during routine echocardiography. A 54-year-old male patient with dyslipidemia and positive family history presented with atypical chest pain. The 12-lead electrocardiogram showed increased QRS voltage and deep T-wave inversions in precordial leads. Transthoracic echocardiography performed with poor echocardiographic windows demonstrated normal findings. Coronary angiography showed normal coronary arteries. Left ventriculography revealed a spade-like deformity (ace of spades), typical for apical HCM. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the diagnosis.

AMAÇ: Sigaranın erişkin bireylerde önemli kardiyovasküler risk faktörü olduğu gösterilmiştir. Aterosklerozun erken yaşlarda başladığı gerçeğinden yola çıkarak bu çalışmada genç yaştaki bireylerde sigara içiminin aterosklerozu hızlandıran diğer risk faktörleri üzerine etkisini ortaya koymayı amaçladık. YÖNTEM: Çalışmaya 164 genç birey (21,14±2,06) dahil edildi. Bireyler sigarayı kullanma sıklığına göre; hiç içmeyen (n=48), bırakmış (n=30), günde 1-3 adet (n=26), günde yarım paket (n=26) ve günde bir paket kullanan (n=34) şeklinde gruplandırıldı. Bireylerin vücut kitle indeksleri (VKI) hesaplandı. Sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı (SKB, DKB) ölçümleri yapıldı. Logic 5 Pro Renkli doppler cihazıyla karotid-intima media kalınlığı (KIMK) ölçümleri yapıldı. 12 saatlik açlık serum örneklerinden toplam kolesterol, LDL, HDL kolesterol düzeyleri ile trigliserid düzeyleri ölçüldü. İstatiski analizler One way ANOVA testi ile SPSS 11.0 kullanılarak yapıldı BULGULAR: Gruplar arasında VKI, SKB, DKB açısından anlamlı fark izlenmemiştir. Günde bir paket sigara içen grupta HDL kolesterol düzeyi anlamlı derecede azalmış, LDL kolesterol düzeyi de anlamlı derecede artmış olarak bulundu. Karotis intima mediya kalınlığı ise günde 1 paket içenlerde artmış ancak sonuç istatistiki anlamlı düzeye ulaşmamıştır. Aynı grupta trigliserid düzeyleri ise azalmış olarak izlenmiştir. SONUÇ: Sigara içimi özellikle genç yaşlardan itibaran aterosklerotik risk faktörlerini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Dolayısı ile kalp ve damar hastalıkları prevalansını azaltmak için genç yaşlardan itibaren sigara faktörünün ortadan kaldırılması gerekmektedir., AIM: It was documented that smoking was a significant atherosclerotic risk factor for adults. However reality of the initiation of atherosclerosis at childhood guided us to evaluate the probable effects of smoking on other atherosclerotic risk factors at young ages. METHODS: One hundred sixty four young subjects (age 21.14± 2.06) were enrolled. Participants were grouped as not smoking (n=48), ex-smoking (n=30), 1-3 cigarettes/day (n=26), a half package/day (n=26), a package/day (n=34). Body mass index (BMI) of subjects were calculated. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP, DBP) were measured. Carotid intima media thickness (IMT) was measured by Logic5 pro Colour Doppler Device. Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels of subjects were measured from the serum obtained at 12 hour fasting state. IMT and IVSd were measured by transverse and 3S probes using. Statistical analysis was performed by One-way ANOVA test using SPSS 11.0 for Windows. RESULTS: BMI, SBP, and DBP were not different between groups (p=0.16). HDL cholesterol was significantly lowered whereas LDL cholesterol was significantly increased in group smoking one package/day. Also carotid IMT was increased in patients smoking one package/day compared to others but data was not statistically significant. Triglyceride level group. CONCLUSION: Smoking effects atherosclerotic risk factors unfavorably even at young ages. Thus smoking should be eradicated since earlier ages in order to reduce the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases.

Objectives: We investigated whether coronary calcification detected by multislice computed tomography (MSCT) was correlated with plasma osteopontin, serum fetuin-A, and visfatin levels. Study design: The study included 64 consecutive patients (51 males, 13 females; mean age 49.5+/-10.9 years; range 33 to 78 years) who underwent MSCT for suspected coronary artery disease. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) scores of the patients were calculated using the Agatston scoring method. Plasma osteopontin, serum fetuin-A, and visfatin levels were measured from fasting blood samples and correlations were sought with calcium scores. Results: Coronary calcification was detected in 32 patients (50%). The mean CAC score was 146.5+/-333.7 Agatston units (AU), indicating an intermediate risk for coronary artery disease. In 10 patients (15.6%), the CAC score exceeded 400 AU. The mean fetuin-A, visfatin, and osteopontin levels were 25.6+/-6.4 ng/ml, 19.7+/-47.2 ng/ml, and 20.4+/-16.1 ng/ml, respectively. Serum visfatin (r=0.15, p=0.37) and fetuin-A (r=0.17, p=0.22) were not correlated with the CAC score, whereas plasma osteopontin level showed a moderate correlation with the CAC score (r=0.35; p=0.008). In ROC analysis, the area under the curve for identification of CAC was greatest for osteopontin (0.741; p=0.004), followed by fetuin-A (0.574; p=0.31), and visfatin (0.580; p=0.27). The cut-off value was 18.45 ng/ml for osteopontin, with a sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 73%. Conclusion: Our results suggest that there might be an association between CAC and plasma osteopontin levels. Research should continue to find out a metabolic parameter that will strongly indicate coronary calcification.

Amaç: Yüksek duyarlıklı C reaktif protein (hsCRP) ve fibrinojen ateroskleroz ile yakından ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada çok kesitli bilgisayarlı tomografide (ÇKBT) elde edilen koroner kalsifikasyon skoru ile fibrinojen ve hsCRP düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırdık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Koroner arter hastalığı ön tanısı ile ÇKBT incelemesi yapılan ardışık 64 hastanın (49,5±10,9, 51 erkek, 13 bayan) koroner kalsifikasyon skorları belirlendi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri kayıt edildi. Hastaların 12 saat açlık kanından Total kolesterol, HDL ve LDL kolesterol, trigliserid, hemoglobin düzeyi, hsCRP ve fibrinojen düzeyleri ölçüldü. Agatston skoru ile belirlenen koroner arter kalsifikasyon skorları ile serum fibrinojen ve hsCRP düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki incelendi. Bulgular: Ortalama koroner kalsifikasyon skoru 146,5±333,7 Agatston birimi idi. Fibrinojen ve hsCRP düzeyleri sırasıyla 456,5±97,0 mg/dl, 2,84±2,48 mg/dl olarak belirlendi. hsCRP düzeyi ile koroner kalsifikasyon skoru arasında anlamlı ilişki yoktu (p>0.05). Ancak fibrinojen düzeyleri ile koroner kalsifikasyon skoru arasında iyi düzeyde pozitif korelasyon bulduk (r=0,49, p, Aim: High sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and fibrinogen are closely associated with atherosclerosis. We evaluated the correlation of hsCRP and fibrinogen levels with coronary calcification (CAC) score determined by multi sliced computerized tomography (MSCT). Material and Method: CAC scores of 64 patients (age 49.5±10.9, 51 male,13 female) with preliminary diagnosis of coronary artery disease were consecutively determined by MSCT . Demographics of patients recorded. Levels of hsCRP, fibrinogen, total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, and Hemoglobin were determined from the serum obtained at a 12 hour fasting state. Correlation of CAC score expressed as Agatston score with serum levels of fibrinogen and hsCRP was evaluated. Results: Average of CAC score was 146,5±333,7 Agatston units. Mean levels of fibrinogen and hsCRP were 456.5±97,0 mg/dl, 2.84±2.48 mg/dl, respectively. There was no significant correlation betweeen CAC score and hsCRP levels (p>0.05). However we found good positive correlation between CAC score and serum fibrinogen levels (r=0.49, p

AMAÇ: Hipertansiyon aterosklerotik kalp hastalığının major risk faktörü ve metabolik sendromun bir bileşenidir. Hipertansiyon prevalansı toplumların sosyokültürel düzeyi ile yakından ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada da toplumumuzun alt ve üst sosyokültürel düzeyli alt gruplarında (ASKT ve ÜSKT) kan basıncı kontrolünü incelemeyi amaçladık. YÖNTEM: İstanbul’da alt ve üst sosyokültürel düzeyli iki semtten 53 ve 36 hastanın tedavi altında iken kan basınçları ölçüldü. Hastaların tedavi altında iken sistolik (SKB) ve diyastolik kan basınçları (DKB), tedavi süreleri, eğitim ve gelir düzeyleri kayıt edildi ve yaşadıkları toplumlara göre karşılaştırmaları yapıldı. İstatistiki analizler Independent samples t testi ve Pearson Ki-kare testi ile SPSS 11.0 kullanılarak yapıldı. BULGULAR: ÜSKT ve ASKT arasında yapılan karşılaştırmada yaş (51,08±5,6 ve 55,5±5,9, BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a major risk factor and also a component of metabolic syndrome. Its prevalence is closely related with social-cultural levels of a society. In this study we aimed to evaluate the blood pressure control in populations from lower (LSC) and higher social-cultural (HSC) subgroups of our society. METHOD: 53 and 36 hypertensive patients from societies with high and low social-cultural level, respectively. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressures (DBP), duration of the treatment, education and income levels of patients were recorded and analyzed. Independent samples t test and Pearson’s Chi-Square test were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: Age (51,08±5,6 vs 55,5±5,9

Objectives: Uncontrolled blood pressure and nondipping status are closely associated with increased cardiovascular risk. In this study we aimed to evaluate blood pressure control and dipping status in overweighed and obese hypertensive patients. Material and method: Seventy two hypertensive patients (57.4±11.9; 21 male, 51 female) were enrolled. Patients were grouped as with BMI 10% decrease of blood pressures in the nighttime measurements compared to daytime measurements. Statistical analyses were done by Mann Whitney U test and Chi Square test using SPSS 11.0. Results: 24 hour daytime and nighttime SBPs were significantly higher in overweighed and obese patients with the BMI ≥25 kg/m2 compared to patients with BMI 0.05). Distribution of dipping and nondipping was not different between groups, however nondipping status was increased in both of the groups. Conclusions: Targets of optimal blood pressure in overweighed and obese hypertensive patients could not be achieved. Thus hypertensive patients with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 are at risk for cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events due to higher daytime and nighttime blood pressure. Non dipping status is also higher in both groups. Blood pressures should be closely monitored and if necessary, combination therapy should be planned to achieve blood pressure targets and to overcome the nondipping status., Amaç: Kan basıncı kontrolünün olmaması ve nondipping durumu artmış kardiyovasküler risk ile ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada kilolu ve şişman hipertansif hastalarda kan basıncı kontrolünü ve dipping durumunu incelemeyi amaçladık. Materyal ve Metod: 72 hipertansif hasta (57,4±11,9; 21 erkek, 51 kadın) çalışmaya alındı. Hastalar VKĐ 0.05). Dipping ve nondipping durumunun dağılımı gruplar arasında farklı değildi ancak non dipping durumu her iki grupta da artmış olarak izlendi. Sonuçlar: Optimal kan basıncı hedefleri kilolu ve şişman hastalarda sağlanabilmiş değildir. Dolayısı ile BMI ≥25 kg/m2 olan hipertansif hastalar yüksek gündüz ve gece kan basınçlarından dolayı serebrovasküler ve kardiyovasküler olaylar açısından risk altındadırlar. Nondipping durumu her iki grupta da yüksektir. Kan basınçları yakından takip edilmeli gerekirse kan basıncı hedeflerine ulaşmak ve nondipping durumu düzeltmek için kombinasyon tedavisi planlanmalıdır.

Objectives Nondipping status; probably a result of sympathetic hyperacitivity; is clinically associated with poor prognosis. In this study we aimed to evaluate the variation of daytime and nighttime heart rate among dipper and nondipper patients probably due to sympathetic hyperactivity. Material and Method 116 patients were enrolled and performed 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. 24-hour daytime and nighttime systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rates were compared between the dipper and non dipper hypertensive patients. Statistical analysis was performed by Independent Samples t test using SPSS 11.0 for Windows. Results Daytime heart rates were higher in nondipper patients than dipper patients (78,3±9 vs 75,2±9, p=0.1>0.05), but the difference was not statistically significant. Also nighttime heart rates were significantly higher in non dipper patients (65,9±8,7 vs 61,7±7,8, p=0.02, Amaç Nondipping durumu olasılıkla sempatik hiperaktivitenin bir sonucu olup klinik olarak kötü bir prognoz ile ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada nondipper ve dipper hipertansif hastalarda gece ve gündüz kalp hızı değişimini incelemeyi amaçladık. Materyal ve Metod 116 hasta çalışmaya alındı ve 24 saatlik ambulatuvar kan basıncı monitorizasyonu yapıldı. 24 saatlik gündüz ve gece sistolik ve diyastolik kan basınçları ve kalp hızları dipper ve non dipper hastalar arasında karşılaştırıldı. Đstatistiki analizler Independent Samples t test ile SPSS 11.0 Windows paket programı kullanılarak yapıldı. Bulgular Gündüz kalp hızı nondipper hastalarda dipper hastalara göre yüksek izlendi (78,3±9 ile 75,2±9, p=0.1>0.05) ancak istatistiki olarak anlamlı değildi. Gece kalp hızı ise nondipper hastalarda anlamlı derecede yüksek izlendi (65,9±8,7 ile 61,7±7,8, p=0.02

Amaç: Sağ kalp fonksiyonlarını standart ekokardiografi ile değerlendirmek zordur. Ancak doku Doppler (DD) bu amaç­la kullanılabilir. Çalışmamızda sağ kalp basınç ve volüm yüklenmesi durumunda trikuspit anulus DD pa­ra­met­re­lerini karşılaştırdık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya volum yükü olarak 35 kronik hemodiyaliz hastası ile basınç yükü olarak yeterli te­da­vi almayan 35 semptomatik (dekompanze) KOAH hastası ve benzer yaş grubunda 35 sağlıklı birey kontrol grubu ola­rak alındı. Her üç grubun trikuspit medial ve lateral anulus DD; sistolik S, erken diastolik E’ ve geç diastolik A’ dal­ga zirve hızları, pulmoner arter sistolik sistolik basıncı (PASB) ve sağ atrium çapı (SAÇ) ölçüldü. Dekompanze KOAH ve diyaliz öncesi bulgular kontrol grubu ile, tedavi öncesi-sonrası KOAH hastaları kendi bulgularıyla ve di­ya­liz öncesi-sonrası diyaliz hastalarının kendi bulguları student-t testi ile karşılaştırıldı, p, Aim: Assessment of right ventricular functions by using standard echocardiography is a common difficulty. And tissue Doppler (TD) is a method that can be used for this purpose. So we compared tissue Doppler parameters of tricuspid annulus obtained in the condition of right ventricular pressure and volume overload in our study. Material and Methods: Thirty five chronic hemodialysis patients with volume overload and 35 symptomatic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ineffectively treated as pressure overload and also age and sex matched 35 healthy individuals as control group were enrolled to the study. Tissue Doppler parameters derived medial and lateral annulus of tricuspid valve; e.g. peak velocities of systolic S wave, early diastolic E' wave, late diastolic A' wave; pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and right atrial diameter (RAD) were obtained from each groups. Results of groups with exaggerated COPD and pre-dialysis were compared with the findings of control group. Also results of patients with COPD derived before and after the treatment and results of chronic hemodialysis patients derived before and after dialysis were compared each other within each group by using student-t test. P values less than 0.05 were accepted significant. Results: Whereas peak velocities of both medial and lateral tricuspid annulus derived from the patients with COPD exaggeration were higher in comparison to the control group, only peak velocities of lateral tricuspid annulus were found to be higher in pre-dialysis patients. While PASP was decreasing with the optimal therapy in the patients of COPD, peak velocities in TD and RAD did not decrease significantly. PASP, RAD and peak velocities of tricuspid lateral annulus were found to be decreased after hemodialysis. Conclusion: TD of tricuspid valve annulus may be useful in the assessment of right ventricular functions and also in the discrimination of volume or pressure overload.

Hemodiyaliz hastalarında kuru ağırlığın hatasız olarak ölçülmesi yaşamsal önem taşımaktadır. İntravasküler hipervolemi digital benzeri immünreaktif madde (digitalislike immunoreactive substance:DLIS) ve atriyal natriüretik peptid (ANP) düzeylerini arttırmakta ve ekokardiyograflk parametreleri etkilemektedir. İncelemeye alınan 42 hemodiyaliz hastasının bazal DLIS düzeyleri kontrol grubundan (n:20) daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p, Assessment of dry weight in hemodialysis patients is essential. Intravascular hypervolemia increases the levels of digitalis-like immunoreactive substance (DLIS), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and it alters echocardiographic parameters. The basal levels of DLIS in forty-two hemodialysis patients were significantly higher when compared with control (n:20) (p< 0.05). Since endogenous DLIS gives cross-reaction to anti-digoxin antibodies, the levels of DLIS were determined by two seperate techniques, FPIA (fluorescence polarization enzyme immunoassay) and MEIA (microparticle enzyme immunoassay). The strong positive correlation between DLIS-FPIA and DLIS-MEIA (r:0.894, p

Hemodiyaliz hastalarında kuru ağırlığın hatasız olarak ölçülmesi yaşamsal önem taşımaktadır. İntravasküler hipervolemi digital benzeri immiinreaktif madde (digitalis-like immunoreactive substance:DLIS) ve atrial natriüretik peptid (ANP) düzeylerini arttırmaktadır. Endojen DLIS'in anti-digoksin antikorları ile verdiği çapraz reaksiyon nedeniyle, DLIS düzeyleri FPIA (floresan polarizasyon enzim immünassay) ve MEIA (mikropartikül enzim immünassay) yöntemleriyle belirlenmiştir. İncelemeye alınan 42 hemodiyaliz hastasının bazal DLISFPIA, DLIS-MEIA ve ANP düzeyleri kontrol grubundan (n:20) daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p, Perfect assessment of dry weight in hemodialysis patients has a vital importance. Intravascular hypervolemia increases the levels of digitalis-like immunoreactive substance (DLIS) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). Since endogenous DLIS gives crossreaction to anti-digoxin antibodies, the levels of DLIS were determined by two seperate techniques, FPIA (fluorescence polarization enzyme immunoassay) and MEIA (microparticle enzyme immunoassay). The basal levels of DLIS-FPIA,DLIS-MEIA and ANP in forty-two hemodialysis patients were significantly higher compared to control (n:20) (p