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In order to study the effects of potato starch processing wastewater on nutrients and heavy metals in soils, we selected six potato starch production enterprises in Guyuan City, Ningxia and measured soil nutrients and heavy metals on farmlands irrigated with potato starch wastewater from commercial processing companies. Paired t-tests and comprehensive index evaluations were used to test changes in soil nutrients and heavy metals in farmland soil samples with and without irrigation using potato starch processing wastewater. No significant difference in heavy metals was observed between the two treatments (P>0.05). We also found no significant differences using comprehensive index evaluation, indicating no significant differences between treatments regarding soil quality, as confirmed by the previous analysis. Moreover, soil nutrient content was significantly improved on farmlands irrigated with potato starch processing wastewater (PI) evaluation method of the grading standard also indicated significantly increased soil nutrients on farmland with potato starch processing wastewater irrigation (I=83) when compared with soils that did not receive wastewater irrigation (intermediate level, I=53). Therefore, our results suggest that irrigation with potato starch processing wastewater increases soil fertility without significantly increasing soil heavy metal content.