258 results on '"Zakaria, Ahmed"'
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2. Comparison of the efficacy of parent-mediated NDBIs on developmental skills in children with ASD and fidelity in parents: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
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Yuling Ouyang, Junyan Feng, Tiantian Wang, Yang Xue, Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed, and Feiyong Jia
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Autism spectrum disorder ,Parent fidelity ,NDBIs ,Parent-mediated intervention ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Abstract Background Recently, studies on behavioral interventions for autism have gained popularity. Naturalistic Developmental Behavior Interventions (NDBIs) are among the most effective, evidence-based, and widely used behavior interventions for autism. However, no research has been conducted on which of the several NDBI methods is most effective for parents and children with autism spectrum disorders. Therefore, we conducted a network meta-analysis to compare the specific effects of each type of parental-mediated NDBI on children’s developmental skills and parent fidelity. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Medline, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), CINAHL, and Wanfang databases were searched from inception to August 30, 2023. A total of 32 randomized controlled trial studies that examined the efficacy of different NDBIs were included. Results Parents of children with ASD who received Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT) reported significant improvements in their children’s social skills (SUCRA, 74.1%), language skills (SUCRA, 88.3%), and parenting fidelity (SUCRA, 99.5%). Moreover, parents who received Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) reported significant improvements in their children’s language (SMD = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.79) and motor skills (SMD = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.79). In terms of the efficacy of improving parent fidelity, the results showed that the Improving Parents as Communication Teachers (ImPACT) intervention significantly improved parent fidelity when compared with the treatment-as-usual group (TAU) (SMD = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.39, 1.42) and the parental education intervention (PEI) (SMD = 1.10, 95% CI:0.28, 1.91).There was a difference in parent fidelity among parents who received PRT(SMD = 3.53, 95% CI: 2.26, 4.79) or ESDM(SMD = 1.42, 95% CI: 0.76, 2.09) training compared with PEI. Conclusion In conclusion, this study revealed that parents can achieve high fidelity with the ImPACT intervention, and it can serve as an early first step for children newly diagnosed with ASD. It also showed that parent-mediated ESDM is effective in improving language and motor skills for children with ASD and can be used as part of the second stage of parent training. Parent-mediated PRT can also be used as a third stage of parent training with sufficient training intensity to further improve language, social, and motor skills.
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- 2024
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3. Composition and antimicrobial activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Artemisia monosperma L. leaf essential oils and methanolic extracts from plants grown in normal and saline habitats in Egypt
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Marwa Mohamed Soliman, Yasmin Mohamed Elsaba, M. S. A. Soliman, and Eman Zakaria Ahmed
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Rosmarinus officinalis ,Artemisia monosperma ,Essential oil ,Salinity ,Antioxidants ,Antimicrobial activity ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract The present work aimed to investigate the effect of salinity in natural habitats in Egypt on the main secondary metabolites of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Artemisia monosperma L. plants compared to plants grown at normal conditions. Plants grown under salinity were collected from Egyptian Western Coastal region habitats irrigated with underground water. Results showed that salinity increased the essential oil percentage of R. officinalis L. by 52.7% and A. monosperma L by 0.29% in addition to the total phenolics and flavonoids content in dry leaves compared to control plants. GC/MS analysis of rosemary essential oils revealed that salinity decreased the amount of some major oil monoterpenes component as verbenone, with a slight effect on 1,8 cineole and increased Camphor, endo- Boreneol, and linalool in addition to the appearance of new specific components such as Chrysanthenone monoterpene ketone and Caryophyllene sesquiterpene, while, in the case of Artemisia, the GC/MS showed that Artemisia ketone, Camphor, β -phellandrene monoterpenes andα-Bisabolol sesquiterpenewere the major oil components; salinity decreased Camphor and β -phellandrene content and increased artemisia ketone and α-Bisabolol oil content. About 11 new oil constituents were detected such as ( +)-2-Bornanone and Sesquisabinene hydrate. Mineral ions (N, K+, Ca+2, P, and Mg+2) uptake by R. officinalis and A. monosperma decreased in plants grown under salinity, while Na content increased compared to corresponding controls. Results demonstrated that both plants could tolerate the high salinity level in natural Western Coastal region soil which promoted more production of valuable secondary metabolites. The antimicrobial effect of R. officinalis L. and A. monosperma L. leaf methanolic extracts, results showed that R. officinalis extracts had an inhibitory response against all tested gram-positive and negative bacteria, in addition to the yeast (Candida albicans), whereas there was no any inhibitory effect concerning A. monosperma L extract on the tested species.
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- 2024
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4. Efficacy of differential reinforcement of other behaviors therapy for tic disorder: a meta-analysis
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Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed, Yang Xue, Miaoshui Bai, Hanyu Dong, and Feiyong Jia
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Efficacy ,DRO ,Tic disorder ,Therapy ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Introduction Recently, studies on behavioral tic suppression techniques have gained popularity as opposed to pharmacological alternatives that often have potentially dangerous side effects. Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors therapy (DRO) is one such behavioral technique whose efficacy in tic suppression has been experimentally demonstrated albeit in studies with very few patients, and lacking statistical power. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of these studies to improve their overall power and explore whether DRO intervention is really effective for tic suppression. Materials and methods PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to August 30, 2023. Only original interventional studies that examined the efficacy of DRO for tic suppression were included. Results A total of 8 no control interventional studies involving 79 children with tic disorders were recruited. Most of the children had moderate tic severity. The pooled mean Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) score was 24.64 (95% CI: 21.99 – 30.12, p =
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- 2024
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5. Impact of Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis salina, and Arthrospira platensis as bio-stimulants on common bean plant growth, yield and antioxidant capacity
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Fatma Abd El Lateef Gharib, kholoud Osama, Amira Mohamed Abd El Sattar, and Eman Zakaria Ahmed
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract The use of bio-stimulants in agriculture has emerged as a promising strategy to improve crop growth and yield. One type of bio-stimulant that has gained attention is microalgae extracts, which are known for their high metabolic activity, bioactive compounds, and ability to enhance plant growth and development. To investigate their effectiveness, a pot experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Helwan University in Egypt during the 2022 season. The experiment aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis salina, and Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina platensis) extracts as bio-stimulants, applied through foliar spray at concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 2.0%, on common bean plants. Analysis of algal extract showed that . N. salina had the highest content of promotive growth hormones gibberellins (GA3) (74.85 ± 2.7mg100 g−1 d.wt). and auxins (IAA) (34.57 ± 2.7µg 100 g−1 d.wt.) compared to Chlorella and Arthrospira..The results revealed that the application of C. vulgaris, N. salina, and A. platensis extracts at concentrations up to 1.0% significantly improved various growth parameters, such as root, and shoot length, number of leaves and flowers per plant, leaf area, and total fresh and dry weight per plant. These extracts also positively affected yield attributes, including the number and fresh weight of pods per plant, seed index, seed yield per plant, and per feddan [a unit of land area]. Furthermore, the application of these extracts increased the chlorophyll content index with the maximum values of CCI (17.95. and 17.81%) was obtained at 0.50% N. salina, followed by 0.50% C.vulgaris. In addition to increase in the capacity of both non-enzymatic antioxidants [such as total antioxidant capacity, phenolics, and flavonoids] and enzymatic antioxidants [including catalase and ascorbic oxidase]. The most promising results were observed with the application of N. salina, and C. vulgaris extracts at a concentration of 0.5%. Additionally, the extracts significantly reduced the content of oxidative stress markers, such as malondialdehyde, percentage of electrolyte leakage, and hydrogen peroxide, in common bean plants compared to the control group. Contrarily, the measured parameters were reduced, while the levels of oxidative stress markers and some antioxidants including peroxidase, ascorbic peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione transferase were increased by three algal extracts at a concentration of 2.0%, compared to control plants. Additionally, the application of these microalgae extracts improved the quality parameters, proximate composition, seed energy, and mineral contents of the harvested seeds, with the most significant positive impact was observed at 0.5% concentration of algal extract. These findings demonstrate the successful and safe utilization of extracts from C. vulgaris, N. salina, and A . platensis at concentrations up to 1.0% as bio-stimulants to enhance common bean yields and improve the nutritional quality of dried beans for consumers.
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- 2024
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6. Navigating Interoperability in Disaster Management: Insights of Current Trends and Challenges in Saudi Arabia
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Zakaria Ahmed Mani, Mohammed Ali Salem Sultan, Virginia Plummer, and Krzysztof Goniewicz
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Community preparedness ,Cooperation ,Disaster management ,Emergency response ,Healthcare ,Interoperability ,Disasters and engineering ,TA495 - Abstract
Abstract In this rapid review, we critically scrutinize the disaster management infrastructure in Saudi Arabia, illuminating pivotal issues of interoperability, global cooperation, established procedures, community readiness, and the integration of cutting-edge technologies. Our exploration uncovers a significant convergence with international benchmarks, while pinpointing areas primed for enhancement. We recognize that continual commitments to infrastructural progression and technology adoption are indispensable. Moreover, we underscore the value of robust community involvement and cross-border collaborations as key factors in bolstering disaster response capabilities. Importantly, we spotlight the transformative influence of emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things, in elevating the effectiveness of disaster management strategies. Our review champions in all-encompassing approach to disaster management, which entails harnessing innovative technologies, nurturing resilient communities, and promoting comprehensive disaster management strategies, encapsulating planning, preparedness, response, and recovery. As a result of our analysis, we provide actionable recommendations to advance Saudi Arabia’s disaster management framework. Our insights are timely and crucial, considering the escalating global focus on disaster response in the face of increasing disaster and humanitarian events.
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- 2023
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7. Intramedullary Kirschner wire fixation of displaced distal forearm fractures in children
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Abulsoud, Mohamed I., Mohammed, Ahmed Saied, Elmarghany, Mohammed, Elgeushy, Ahmed, Elzahed, Ehab, Moawad, Mohamed, Elshal, Ehab A., Elhalawany, Mohamed F., Hassanein, Yahia A., Fouad, Amr A., and Zakaria, Ahmed R.
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- 2023
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8. Impact of foliar spray with Se, nano-Se and sodium sulfate on growth, yield and metabolic activities of red kidney bean
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Nada Abouelhamd, Fatma Abd El Lateef Gharib, A. A. Amin, and Eman Zakaria Ahmed
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Sulfur (S) is an essential microelement for plants. Based on the chemical similarity between Se and S, selenium may affects sulphur uptake by plants. This work aimed at investigating the effect of foliar spray with sodium selenate, gum arabic coated selenium nanoparticles (GA-SeNPs ≈ 48.22 nm) and sodium sulfate on red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants. Each treatment was used at 0.0, 1, 5, 10 and 50 µM, alone or combination of sodium sulfate with either Se or nano-Se, each at 0.5, 2.5 and 5 µM concentrations. The effect of foliar spray on vegetative growth, seed quality, and some metabolic constituents of red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants were investigated. Selenium nanoparticles have been synthesized through the green route using gum arabic (as a stabilizing and coating agent. Foliar application of different concentrations of Se, nano-Se, Na2SO4 up to 10 μM and their interaction were effective in increasing the growth criteria (i.e. shoot and root lengths, plant fresh and dry weights, number of leaves and photosynthetic area (cm2 plant−1).There was also a significant increase in photosynthetic pigment contents, yield (i.e., 100-seed weight), total carbohydrate, crude proteins and mineral contents in both leaf as compared to their untreated control plants. Furthermore, interaction between sodium sulfate with nano-Se or Se, each at 5 µM significantly increased the vegetative growth, 100-seed weight, and pigment contents in leaves and improved the nutritional value and quality of red kidney bean seeds.
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- 2023
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9. Special considerations and pitfalls for intracerebral bleeding followed COVID-19 case treated by ECMO
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Wael Osman Amer, Hussein Awad El Gharieb, Zakaria Ahmed, Hossam Ibrahim, Ahmed Alanazi, and Mostafa Meshref
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COVID-19 ,ECMO ,ICB ,Hypercoagulability ,Dysregulated immune response ,Neurophysiology and neuropsychology ,QP351-495 - Abstract
COVID-19, or coronavirus infection, is an acute respiratory illness caused by the corona virus that can develop into a life-threatening form of ARDS. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a highly effective treatment for life-threatening instances. One of the many complications associated with ECMO was bleeding. COVID patients are at risk for intracerebral bleeding due to several factors, including the drug's action on ACE2 receptors, leading to hypertension, as well as hypercoagulability, dysregulated immune response, DIC, and the use of anticoagulants.
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- 2024
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10. Spirulina platensis improves growth, oil content, and antioxidant activitiy of rosemary plant under cadmium and lead stress
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Fatma Abd El Lateef Gharib and Eman Zakaria Ahmed
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract In the present study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the response of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) plants to foliar application of Spirulina platensis at 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4%; soil irrigation with heavy metals (Cd nitrate, Pb acetate, and Cd + Pb, each at 100 ppm), and Spirulina platensis at 0.1% + heavy metals. Spirulina platensis significantly improved growth parameters, oil yield/fed, photosynthetic pigments, and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) with a maximum promoting effect at 0.2% algal extract. On the other hand, heavy metal stress reduced growth criteria, photosynthetic pigments, and oil yield, while, significantly increased levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GR) and corresponding non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbic acid, total antioxidant capacity, phenolics and flavonoids). Bioaccumulation factor (BF) and translocation factor (TF) indicated that Cd and Pb accumulated largely in the roots, with little transfer to the shoots. Nevertheless, compared with heavy metal treatments, S. platensis at 0.1% significantly increasing growth parameters, oil content, photosynthetic pigments, and the activity of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants, while, slightly reduced TF of Cd and Pb, alleviated membrane lipid peroxidation, and significantly lowered the content of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and indole acetic acid oxidase (IAAO) activity in heavy metal (Cd, Pb, and Cd + Pb)-treated rosemary plants.
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- 2023
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11. Comparison of the efficacy of parent-mediated NDBIs on developmental skills in children with ASD and fidelity in parents: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
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Ouyang, Yuling, Feng, Junyan, Wang, Tiantian, Xue, Yang, Mohamed, Zakaria Ahmed, and Jia, Feiyong
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- 2024
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12. Efficacy of differential reinforcement of other behaviors therapy for tic disorder: a meta-analysis
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Mohamed, Zakaria Ahmed, Xue, Yang, Bai, Miaoshui, Dong, Hanyu, and Jia, Feiyong
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- 2024
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13. Serum hypomagnesemia is associated with febrile seizures in young children
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Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed, Chunjiao Tang, Erick Thokerunga, Ali Omar Jimale, and Jingyi Fan
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febrile ,seizure ,magnesium ,children ,hypomagnesemia ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Background: Febrile seizures (FS) frequently manifest in children below 5 years of age. Although the exact etiology is still unknown, genetic predisposition, changes in neurotransmitter levels, and serum electrolyte imbalance are some of the known risk factors. This study examined the possible association between serum magnesium levels in children with FS compared to febrile children without seizures. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted from February 2019 to January 2021, recruiting 230 age and gender-matched cases and controls (115 each). Extracted data were analyzed using SPSS using an independent student's t-test, Chi-square test, and Pearson's correlation analysis. Results: The mean serum magnesium levels were 0.93 ± 0.129 vs 0.97 ± 0.0961; p < 0.001, between cases and controls respectively. Similarly, hypomagnesemia (
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- 2022
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14. Challenges Facing Vocational Education Students in Jordan in Light of the Covid-19 Pandemic: An Empirical Study
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Inas Ahmad Albado, Lafi Makhareez, Ma'aly Almazari, Zakaria Ahmed Atyat, Niveen Z. Halalsheh, and Mamon Alzboun
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Challenges ,Vocational education ,vocational training ,Jordan ,Education - Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to uncover the challenges faced by vocational education students in Jordan in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A sample of 1200 newly joined students was selected from the Vocational Training Corporation in the central region of Jordan. A questionnaire was designed, consisting of two domains: challenges related to infrastructure and challenges related to students. The validity and consistency of the questionnaire were verified. Results: The findings indicate that the level of challenges facing the students is high, both at the infrastructure level and the students’ level, with no statistically significant effect on gender. Practical training necessitates specific materials, tools, and instruments that cannot be adequately provided through distance education. Conclusions: The study recommends improving the infrastructure of the vocational training institution to enhance the quality of education and training. Additionally, there is a need to increase financial support for the institution to effectively implement vocational training programs. Lastly, a comprehensive review of educational policies is necessary.
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- 2023
15. Pediatric infection with the Omicron variant increases the risks of febrile seizures among COVID-19 infected children
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Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed, Chunjiao Tang, Erick Thokerunga, Youping Deng, and Jingyi Fan
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febrile seizure ,SARS-CoV-2 ,children ,Omicron variant ,COVID policy ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
BackgroundThe Omicron variant of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is less likely to cause severe disease in children than the other variants but has become an increasing cause of febrile seizures (FS) among children. In this case-control study, we aimed to examine the risk factors associated with FS in children infected with the COVID-19 Omicron variant and related treatment modalities.MethodsThis retrospective case-control study includes 113 subjects infected with the COVID-19 Omicron variant, grouped into 45 cases (those with FS) and 68 controls (those without FS). Data on clinical features, laboratory parameters, and treatment modalities were collected and analyzed.ResultsApproximately 5.74% of COVID-19 infected children developed COVID-19-associated FS. Children with COVID-19 and high body temperatures [RR 1.474; (95% CI: 1.196–1.818), p
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- 2023
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16. Characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from street pickles of Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Avijit Banik, Hasnain Anjum, Humayra Habib, Maruf Abony, Anowara Begum, and Zakaria Ahmed
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Lactic acid bacteria ,Enterococcus ,Fermented pickles ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Traditionally fermented pickles are a popular street food in Bangladesh famous for their unique flavors and health benefits. Pickles are often prepared by fermentation using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that can act as probiotics. The study was aimed to isolate and characterize lactic acid bacteria from pickle samples collected from streets of Dhaka city, as well as assess the microbial quality of pickles for food safety.A total of 30 pickle samples of different kinds were collected from streets of Dhaka city. Isolation and identification were conducted using conventional cultural and biochemical tests, followed by molecular confirmation of identity. Antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was investigated against 7 antibiotics of different groups. Antimicrobial activity of LAB isolates was analyzed by well-diffusion assay and phenotypic enterocin activity assay. Physiological characterizations of LAB were performed to determine their tolerance to temperature, salt, pH, bile, carbohydrate fermentation pattern, proteolytic activity and biofilm formation.Fifty isolates were obtained from pickle samples, of which 18% was identified as LAB, including Enterococcus faecalis (6) and Enterococcus faecium (3). The rest included S. aureus (18), E. coli (11), Klebsiella spp. (5), Salmonella (3), Shigella (3) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1). Antibiotic resistance pattern revealed higher occurrence of resistance against azithromycin among the non-LAB isolates, but none of the LAB isolates were found to resist any of the antibiotics used. Antimicrobial activity of LAB isolates was not observed against the foodborne isolates. All LAB isolates fermented a wide range of carbohydrates and showed adequate tolerance to salt, pH, temperature and bile. Out of 9 isolates, 5 displayed proteolytic activity, and 6 were found as strong biofilm producer.These results suggest that although the LAB isolates from street pickles collected from Dhaka does not have antimicrobial activities, they still have potential to be used as probiotics. It also shows high occurrence of antibiotic resistant foodborne pathogens in pickles, indicating that consumption of such street food can be serious health hazard.
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- 2023
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17. Does intravesical BCG for bladder cancer protect from COVID-19?
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MacDonald, Anastasia, primary, Bao, Lexia, additional, Mehrnoush, Vahid, additional, Ismail, Asmaa, additional, Di Matteo, Livio, additional, Zakaria, Ahmed, additional, Elmansy, Hazem, additional, Black, Peter, additional, and Kotb, Ahmed, additional
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- 2024
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18. Baseline conditions and nutritional state upon hospitalization are the greatest risks for mortality for cardiovascular diseases and for several classes of diseases: a retrospective study
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Loreggian, Lara, Giorgini, Filippo, Zakaria, Ahmed S., Fanchini, Marco, Veronelli, Annamaria, Pontiroli, Antonio E., and Tagliabue, Elena
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- 2022
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19. Role of neuro-sonography of peripheral nerves as a diagnostic and a differentiation tool of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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Rana Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed, Haitham Hamdy Salem, Hossam Moussa El-Sayed Sakr, Hossam-Eldin Mahmoud Afifi, Ahmed Mohammed Elsadek, and Nagia Aly Fahmy
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ALS ,Neuro-sonography ,Motor neuron disease ,Neuro-imaging ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background Motor neuron disease is a heterogeneous group of progressive neurodegenerative disorders, most common of which is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). There are many clinical and radiological criteria to diagnose amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and to differentiate it from other motor neuron disease and neurodegenerative disorders. Neuro-sonography is one of the easily applied tools to diagnose and differentiate ALS. ALS diagnosis is delayed up to 3 years according to some authors due to the wide differential diagnosis, with cervical degeneration being a common misdiagnosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of neuro-sonography in diagnosis and differentiation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from other causes of progressive mixed upper and lower motor neuron lesion. Results A total neuro-sonography score at a cut-off point (≤ 127) predicted patients with ALS, with good (85%) accuracy, sensitivity = 73% and specificity = 83% (p
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- 2021
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20. Electroacupuncture anaesthesia for laparotomy in goats
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Khalifa Ashour, Naglaa Abd Elkader Awad, Sherein S. Abdelgayed, Amal Zakaria Ahmed Leil, and Eldessouky Sheta
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acupuncture ,anaesthesia ,electroacupuncture ,goat ,laparotomy ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Background: The objective of the study to evaluate the effect of electroacupuncture during laparotomy in goats. Aim: To study the abdominal anaesthesia in goats by electroacupuncture using the physiological variables, vital parameters, haematological, biochemical, cortisol hormone, pain threshold and wound healing for laparotomy in goats. Methods: Fifteen healthy adult bucks were used to receive electroacupuncture in 10 newly selected acupoints. The data (M±SD) were assessed at intervals (0 min.) before induction (control group), (5 min.), (10 min.), (15 min.) and (20 min.) during induction, (30 min.), (45 min.) and (60 min.) throughout surgery and (24 hrs.) after surgery, cortisol levels in serum at (0), (24 hrs.), and (72 hrs.) throughout laparotomy. Results: The goats of the study showed improvement in the rates of eyelid closure, head, and neck relaxation, rumen motility, and tympany which were graded into mild (+), moderate (++), and severe (+++) degrees. The respiratory rates, body temperatures, and capillary fill times were not significantly different. The total mean of hematocrit was (19.9±2.68), the total mean of hemoglobin was (9.9±0.94), the total mean of RBCs was (7.9±0.8), the total mean of platelets was (244861.3±138444.8) and the total mean of SPO2 was (70.5±4.6). ALT and AST showed no significance. The significant mean cortisol level was (2.6±2.01) and the significant mean pain threshold level was (0.02±0.03). The results proved that electroacupuncture had a lot of significant parameters. The wound healing was improved by early epithelization and immature granulation tissue (at 7 days). Thick keratinized epithelization and collagen deposition in the dermal tissue with enhanced angiogenesis (at 14 days). Mild restoration of skin and the dermal tissue was well-organized (at 21 days). Besides, well-formed scar tissue covering a highly cellular organized dermal tissue (at 28 days). Conclusions: Electroacupuncture had been considered a powerful anaesthetic for abdominal surgery in goats. Moreover, wound healing proved excellent and better healing.
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- 2021
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21. Alterations in Inflammatory Markers and Cognitive Ability after Treatment of Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Mohamed Shams Eldin, Mohamed Alahmer, Ebrahim Alkashlan, Mahmoud Zahran, Mohamed Eltonsy, Amr Zewail, Abdelfattah Kasem, Khaled Abdelaal, Mahrous Seddeek, and Zakaria Ahmed
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obstructive sleep apnea ,cognitive function ,inflammatory cytokines ,adenotonsillectomy ,lifestyle intervention ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Determination of the impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on the cognitive function (CF), and serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and 1β levels and the effect of OSA management on these variables in children. Materials and Methods: A total of 224 patients were evaluated using the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, the NEPSY score for CF, and polysomnography (PSG) to grade OSA severity according to the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI). Adentonsillectomy (AT) was performed for patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy grade > 2. Patients with overweight or obesity with mild or moderate OSAS underwent a 6-month protocol of lifestyle intervention (LSI). Blood samples were obtained for an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) estimation of cytokine levels. All variables were re-evaluated at the end of the 6-month follow-up period. Results: A total of 181 patients had surgical interference and 43 patients underwent a LSI trial; 15 patients failed to respond and underwent surgery. At the end of the follow-up, 33 patients had residual OSAS with a significantly higher incidence among patients with severe OSAS, the mean score of the pediatric sleep questionnaire was significantly decreased in all patients, 181 patients showed an improved NESPY score, and cytokine levels were decreased. The baseline NESPY score, AHI index and sleep questionnaire score were negatively correlated. The percentage of change in the NESPY score and serum cytokine levels showed a positive correlation. Conclusions: OSAS is associated with cognitive dysfunction that significantly improves after adenotonsillectomy. LSI as a therapeutic line is satisfactory for children with mild OSAS and minimal cognitive dysfunction and is of value preoperatively to improve the surgical outcomes of AT.
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- 2023
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22. Metabolomic Profiling, Antibacterial, and Molluscicidal Properties of the Medicinal Plants Calotropis procera and Atriplex halimus: In Silico Molecular Docking Study
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Mostafa Y. Morad, Heba El-Sayed, Manal F. El-Khadragy, Asmaa Abdelsalam, Eman Zakaria Ahmed, and Amina M. Ibrahim
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medicinal plants ,Calotropis procera ,Atriplex halimus ,GC/MS ,antimicrobial activity ,palmitic acid ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
The potential of plant-based natural compounds in the creation of new molluscicidal and antimicrobial medications has gained attention in recent years. The current study compared the metabolic profiles, antibacterial, and molluscicidal properties of the medicinal plants Calotropis procera (C. procera) and Atriplex halimus (A. halimus). In both plants, 118 metabolites were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Palmitic acid, stigmasterol, and campesterol were the most prevalent constituents. C. procera extract showed stronger antibacterial activity than A. halimus against Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. Both extracts exhibited molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria alexandrina, with LC50 values of C. procera (135 mg/L) and A. halimus (223.8 mg/L). Survival rates of snails exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (LC25) of C. procera and A. halimus extracts were 5% and 20%, respectively. The hatchability of snail eggs exposed to both extracts has been dramatically reduced. Both extracts significantly decreased the levels of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, total protein, and albumin in snails, as well as causing DNA damage and resulting in numerous hermaphrodite and digestive gland damages and distortions. Molecular docking showed palmitic acid binding with acid, alkaline, and alanine aminotransferases in treated digestive gland snails. In conclusion, C. procera and A. halimus have antibacterial and molluscicidal properties.
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- 2023
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23. Role of neuro-sonography of peripheral nerves as a diagnostic and a differentiation tool of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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Mohamed, Rana Zakaria Ahmed, Salem, Haitham Hamdy, Sakr, Hossam Moussa El-Sayed, Afifi, Hossam-Eldin Mahmoud, Elsadek, Ahmed Mohammed, and Fahmy, Nagia Aly
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- 2021
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24. Endophytic to total tumour volume ratio: An added variable to patients with T1b/T2 renal tumours undergoing partial nephrectomy
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Ismail, Asmaa, primary, Mehrnoush, Vahid, additional, Alaref, Amer, additional, Rozenberg, Radu, additional, Elmansy, Hazem, additional, Shahrour, Walid, additional, Burute, Nishigandha, additional, Shuster, Anatoly, additional, Prowse, Owen, additional, Zakaria, Ahmed, additional, Shabana, Walid, additional, and Kotb, Ahmed, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Tea plant
- Author
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Zakaria Ahmed
- Subjects
tea ,tea tree oil ,antimicrobial ,antioxidant activity ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Many complementary and alternative medicines have enjoyed increased popularity in recent decades. Efforts to validate their use have seen their putative therapeutic properties, which come under increasing scrutiny in vitro and in some cases in vivo. One of such products is tea and its tree oil (TTO); which is a secondary metabolite derived from tea plant (Melaleuca alternifolia). Both black and green tea has several polyphenolic compounds with possible antibacterial effects. It is employed largely due to its antimicrobial properties, and is incorporated as the active ingredient in many topical formulations used to treat cutaneous infections, in addition to being marketed as a remedy for various ailments. The essential oil of M. alternifolia exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial potential. The TTO may help to treat severe yeast infections. Results also suggested that TTO exerts a greater bactericidal potency against biofilm-grown methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and methicillin-sensitive Staph. aureus (MSSA) strains. Moreover, tea has inhibitory efficacy against the carcinogenic bacteria.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Mechanical Thrombectomy Global Access For Stroke (MT-GLASS): A Mission Thrombectomy (MT-2020 Plus) Study
- Author
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Kaiz S. Asif, Fadar O. Otite, Shashvat M. Desai, Nabeel Herial, Violiza Inoa, Fawaz Al-Mufti, Ashutosh P. Jadhav, Adam A. Dmytriw, Alicia Castonguay, Priyank Khandelwal, Jennifer Potter-Vig, Viktor Szeder, Tanzila Kulman, Victor Urrutia, Hesham Masoud, Gabor Toth, Kaustubh Limaye, Sushanth Aroor, Waleed Brinjikji, Ansaar Rai, Jeyaraj Pandian, Mehari Gebreyohanns, Thomas Leung, Ossama Mansour, Andrew M. Demchuk, Vikram Huded, Sheila Martins, Osama Zaidat, Xiaochuan Huo, Bruce Campbell, P.N. Sylaja, Zhongrong Miao, Jeffrey Saver, Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez, Dileep R. Yavagal, Juan Jose Cirio, Pedro Lylyk, Angel Ferrario, Luis Lemme Plaghos, José Arroyo, Bernard Yan, Ronil Chandra, Wael Hamed Ibrahim, Firas Alnidawi, Sirajee Shafiqul Islam, Mohammad Shahidullah, Víctor Villarroel Saavedra, Francisco Josà Mont’ Alverne, Pedro Magalhaes, Gisele Sampaio Silva, Stanimir Sirakov, Rosen Kalpachki, Nurfet Alioski, Eric Gueumekane bila lamou, Jai Shankar, Grant Stotts, Daidre Rowe, Francene Gayle, Romnesh de Souza, Cristina Ramos, Amaury GarcÃa, Amza Ali, Sherry Sandy, Pablo M. Lavados, Rodrigo Rivera, TONY FABIÁN ÁLVAREZ GUZMÁN, Alejandro Villarraga, Carolina Estrada, Boris Pabon, Antonin Krajina, Aleš Tomek, Philip B Adebayo, GERMAN ABDO, Nelson Maldonado S, Farouk Hassan, Eman M Khedr, Mirza Khinikadze, ZURAB NADAREISHVILI, Alexander Tsiskaridze, Nikolaos Syrmos, Panayiotis Mitsias, Biplab Das, Jayanta Roy, Vivek Gupta, Vipul Gupta, Dheeraj Khurana, Anil Karapurkar, M.V.Padma Stivastava, Anand Alurkar, Arvind Sharma, Satish Lahoti, Rahul Kumar, Gigy Varkey Kuruttukulam, Achmad Firdaus Sani, Ita Muharram Sari, Mustafa Khassaf, Temeem Majid Nassir, Nobuyuki Sakai, Hiroshi Yamagami, Haitham Dababneh, Farid A. Aladham, Mynzhylky Berdikhojayev, Sabina Medukhanova, Raghid Kikano, Ali Alaraj, Rechdi Ahdab, Wan Asyraf Wan Zaidi, Khairul Azmi Abd Kadir, Antonio Arauz, Fernando Gongora, Ariunaa Jambaldorj, Ganbaatar XXX, Zarni Myint Shwe, Win Min Thit, Anna Ranta, Teddy Wu, ERWIN E. RAYO, Mayowa Owolabi, Akintomiwa Makanjuola, Saima Ahmad, MOHAMMAD WASAY, Umair Rashid, Ricardo Mernes, Osvaldo Paniagua, MARLA GALLO, Manuel Moquillaza, Maria Epifania Collantes, Manuel M. Mariano, Adam Kobayashi, Rafael Rodriguez-Mercado, Rodolfo Alcedo Guardia, Yahia Imam, Ayman Zakaria Ahmed, Adel Alhazzani, Hosam M. Al-Jehani, Wickly Lee, Kamil ZELEŇÁK, Andrej Klepanec, GEORGI KRASTEV, Senta Frol, Naeem Brey, Anastasia Rossouw, Prasad De Silva, Harsha Gunasekera, Udaya Ranawaka, Haytham Osman, Sarah M El-Sadig, Nijasri C. Suwanwela, Wasan Akarathanawat, Jarturon Tantivatana, Nadia Hammami, Samia Ben Sassi, Atilla Ozcan Ozdemir, Semih Giray, Dmytro Lebedynets, Stanislav Konotopchik, Seby John, Syed Irteza Hussain, Robin Novakovic-White, Gillian L. Gordon Perue, Ryna Then, Claudio Berrutti, Roberto Crosa, Huy Thang Nguyen, Huynh Vu Le, and Tran thanh vu
- Subjects
Physiology (medical) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Abstract
Background: Despite the well-established potent benefit of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke, access to MT has not been studied globally. We conducted a worldwide survey of countries on 6 continents to define MT access (MTA), the disparities in MTA, and its determinants on a global scale. Methods: Our survey was conducted in 75 countries through the Mission Thrombectomy 2020+ global network between November 22, 2020, and February 28, 2021. The primary end points were the current annual MTA, MT operator availability, and MT center availability. MTA was defined as the estimated proportion of patients with LVO receiving MT in a given region annually. The availability metrics were defined as ([current MT operators×50/current annual number of estimated thrombectomy-eligible LVOs]×100 = MT operator availability) and ([current MT centers×150/current annual number of estimated thrombectomy-eligible LVOs]×100= MT center availability). The metrics used optimal MT volume per operator as 50 and an optimal MT volume per center as 150. Multivariable-adjusted generalized linear models were used to evaluate factors associated with MTA. Results: We received 887 responses from 67 countries. The median global MTA was 2.79% (interquartile range, 0.70–11.74). MTA was Conclusions: Access to MT on a global level is extremely low, with enormous disparities between countries by income level. The significant determinants of MT access are the country’s per capita gross national income, prehospital LVO triage policy, and MT operator and center availability.
- Published
- 2023
27. Pediatric infection with the Omicron variant increases the risks of febrile seizures among COVID-19 infected children
- Author
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Mohamed, Zakaria Ahmed, primary, Tang, Chunjiao, additional, Thokerunga, Erick, additional, Deng, Youping, additional, and Fan, Jingyi, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. A Numerical Model for Predicting the Effect of Tool Nose Radius on Machining Process Performance during Orthogonal Cutting of AISI 1045 Steel
- Author
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Zakaria Ahmed M. Tagiuri, Thien-My Dao, Agnes Marie Samuel, and Victor Songmene
- Subjects
tool nose radius ,orthogonal cutting ,AISI 1045 ,cutting forces ,temperature ,stress ,Technology ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Microscopy ,QH201-278.5 ,Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,QC120-168.85 - Abstract
This paper presents the development of a numerical model for predicting and studying the effects of tool nose geometries and its interactions with cutting parameters during orthogonal cutting of AISI 1045 steel. The process performance characteristics studied were cutting temperature, effective stress, cutting forces and tool wear. The cutting simulations were done using the commercial DEFORM-2D R V 11.3 software, based on the finite element method (FEM). The cutting tool used had a round nose with various nose radii (0.01–0.9 mm), while the machining parameters tested were the feed rate (0.1–0.3 mm/rev), the cutting speed (100–500 m/min) and the rake angle (–5° to +10°). The interactions between the tool nose radius and the cutting parameters (speed, feed) were found to affect mostly the cutting stress and, slightly, the tool wear rate. These interactions did not much influence the cutting temperature, that was found to be high when the tool nose radius and/or the cutting speed were high. The maximum temperature was found to occur at the middle of the tool-chip contact length and at the interaction of nose radius and flank face of the tool. Except for some fluctuations, there was no significant difference in tool wear rate between small and large nose radius scales.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Variations in Polysomnographic Indices of Obstructive Sleep Apnea following Lingual Tonsil Hypertrophy Excision: Is the Difference Significant?
- Author
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Ashraf Wahba, Khaled Abdelaal, Ayman Yehia, Ahmed Alsheikh, Randa Abdallah, Zakaria Ahmed, Alaa Elmazny, and Mohamed Shams Eldin
- Subjects
obstructive sleep apnea ,lingual tonsil hypertrophy ,polysomnography ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related respiratory disorder that affects between 5% and 20% of the population. In obstructive sleep apnea, lingual tonsillar hypertrophy (LTH) has been suggested as a contributing factor to airway blockage. Objectives: The aim of this work is to demonstrate the polysomnographic indices and their values in OSA patients with LTH before and after the surgical intervention. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on eighteen patients endoscopically diagnosed as having LTH, with the main complaints being snoring, sleep apnea, and/or sleep disturbance. Clinical examination, grading of LTH, body mass index (BMI), endoscopic assessment using Muller’s maneuver, and sleep endoscopy were recorded for all patients. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and overnight sleep polysomnography (PSG) were conducted before and after the surgical removal of LTH. All data were submitted for statistical analysis. Results: The mean ± SD of the AHI decreased from 33.89 ± 26.8 to 20.9 ± 19.14 postoperatively, and this decrease was of insignificant statistical value. The average SpO2 (%) mean ± SD was 91.14 ± 5.96, while the mean ± SD of the desaturation index was 34.64 ± 34.2. Following surgery, these indices changed to 96.5 ± 1.47 and 9.36 ± 7.58, respectively. The mean ± SD of the ESS was changed after the surgery, from 17.27 ± 6.48 to 7.16 ± 3.56. The mean ± SD of sleep efficacy was 71.2 ± 16.8 and the snoring index mean ± SD was 277.6 ± 192.37, and both improved postoperatively, to become 88.17 ± 9.1 and 62.167 ± 40.01, respectively. Conclusions: The AHI after lingual tonsillectomy showed no statistically significant change. The changes in the average SpO2 (%), desaturation index, sleep efficiency, snoring index, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale following the surgery were statistically significant.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. High Blood Pressure Increases the Risk of Cerebral Microbleeds in Hypertensive Individuals
- Author
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Yahya Abdullahi Ali, Erick Thokerunga, Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed, and Xi Wang
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2023
31. Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder According to the Dose and Trimester of Exposure to Antiseizure Medications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Author
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Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed, Erick Thokerunga, Ali Omar Jimale, Zhichen Liu, and Jingyi Fan
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
Background The association between prenatal exposure to antiseizure medications (ASM) and autism spectrum disorder has been documented. This study sought to examine and synthesize evidence from studies that have evaluated these associations, with particular focus on the trimester of pregnancy and dosage of exposure. Methods PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were searched following strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. 10 studies were recruited involving children born to mothers with epilepsy who took ASM during pregnancy as cases, and those with epilepsy who did not take any ASM in pregnanc. Results The relative risk of developing ASD among children exposed to valproic acid (RR, 3.90 [95% CI: 2.36–6.44]), was twice higher than that of carbamazepine (RR, 1.65 [95% CI: 0.62–4.37]), or lamotrigine (RR, 1.60 [95% CI: 0.77–3.32]) The trimester of exposure and dosage of ASM administered were inconsistent. Conclusion In summary, prenatal exposure to ASM increased the risk of developing ASD in children. The relative risk was twice as high in those exposed to valproic acid compared to those exposed to carbamazepine or lamotrigine. Trimester of pregnancy and dosage of ASM used by the mothers were not consistent .
- Published
- 2023
32. Long-term mortality in obese subjects undergoing malabsorptive surgery (biliopancreatic diversion and biliointestinal bypass) versus medical treatment
- Author
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Ceriani, Valerio, Sarro, Giuliano, Micheletto, Giancarlo, Giovanelli, Alessandro, Zakaria, Ahmed S., Fanchini, Marco, Osio, Chiara, Nosari, Italo, Morabito, Alberto, and Pontiroli, Antonio E.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Crystallisation of alpha glycine in the presence of L-phenylalanine
- Author
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Mirza, Zakaria Ahmed
- Subjects
660.63 - Abstract
Changes to crystallisation conditions can critically affect important physical properties of materials, which can in tum affect the sustainability of consistent product quality that is pivotal to industrial manufacturing. The following studies demonstrate how crystallisation processes, and the consequent quality of the crystals produced, can be easily manipulated by varying the solution mixing regimes and initial relative supersaturation. Most importantly, emphasis was given to changes to the material's physical properties induced by the presence of impurities in solution. To this effect, alpha-glycine crystals were crystallised using two different mixing regimes provided by an Oscillatory Flow Batched Baffled Crystalliser (OBBC) and an Impeller Driven Batch Crystalliser (IDBe). The relative initial supersaturation of glycine was also varied, at constant temperature, and fixed amounts of L-Phenylalanine (L-Phe) were added to doped solutions in order to probe the influence of impurities on glycine nucleation and crystalline quality. The crystallisation induction time, crystal size distribution and microstrain of alpha-glycine was increased by the presence of impurities and by decreasing the rate of hydrodynamic mixing. Higher initial supersaturations of glycine favoured quicker nucleation rates, smaller crystal size distribution and higher microstrains. The presence of L-Phe during the crystallisation of alpha-glycine did not induce the growth of different polymorphs (when performed at 20° C). However, doped solutions of alpha-glycine produced highly strained crystals with very different habit when compared to those grown from pure solutions. A qualitative explanation for the morphological differences in alpha-glycine pure and doped systems was suggested based on the crystal's molecular packing and possible solute molecule-crystal interface interactions. Key WordS: Crystallisation, Impurity, Habit, Oscillatory Flow Batched Bamed Crystalliser, Impeller Driven Batch Crystalliser, Alpha Glycine (a.-glycine), and L-phenylalanine (L-Phe).
- Published
- 2008
34. History of infantile BCG immunization did not predict lamina propria invasion and/or high-grade in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
- Author
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MacDonald, Anastasia, primary, Mehrnoush, Vahid, additional, Ismail, Asmaa, additional, Di Matteo, Livio, additional, Zakaria, Ahmed, additional, Shabana, Waleed, additional, Shaban, Ashraf, additional, Bassuony, Mohammed, additional, Elmansy, Hazem, additional, Shahrour, Walid, additional, Prowse, Owen, additional, and Kotb, Ahmed, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Adenylate kinase 2 is a biomarker related to the prognosis of glioma and the immune microenvironment
- Author
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Liu, Zhichen, primary, Tang, Chunjiao, additional, Teng, Xu, additional, Mohamed, Zakaria Ahmed, additional, and Fan, Jingyi, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Highly Promising an Anti-Cancer Drugs : Metal Complex Bearing Sulfur Chelating Ligand, A Hypothetical Design
- Author
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Zakaria Ahmed, Shuranjan Sarkar, and Sanchita Sarkar
- Abstract
In anticancer chemotherapy, drug targeting and delivery methods depend on agents with selective access to cancer cells to deliver drugs to the target, and approaches to finding such agents often depend on novel design strategies employing bioactive vectors. Platinum-based complexes are extremely important drugs for the treatment of cancer. Recently synthesized complexes of Pt (IV) have been shown to have several advantages, such as they are safer, can be used orally, are highly anti-cancer effective, there is no cross-resistance to cisplatin, and their effectiveness is compared with commonly used Pt (II) compounds such as cisplatin and oxaliplatin. A molecular mimicry model for the generation of new active drugs may be synthesized by the 3,5-ditert-butyl-2-hydroxy-benzylaminocysteine (DTHBAC) where a cysteine group and two tertiary butyl groups attached to the phenol aromatic ring can be coordinated with platinum. This appropriate ligand with the platinum complex is fit for the anticancer drug. Based on the present modeling, it can be recommended in the management of patients, and from this perspective, the status of the platinum anticancer drug field will develop over the next decade. Moreover, the authors have no doubt that this will benefit patients in the future and will be widely used in cancer treatment for years to come. Keywords: Drug design, Anti-cancer, Cisplatin, Complex, Chelate.
- Published
- 2022
37. Effect of Rot-, Fire-, and Water-Retardant Treatments on Jute Fiber and Their Associated Thermoplastic Composites: A Study by FTIR
- Author
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Sweety Shahinur, Mahbub Hasan, Qumrul Ahsan, Nayer Sultana, Zakaria Ahmed, and Julfikar Haider
- Subjects
rot-retardant ,flame-retardant ,water-retardant ,natural fiber ,jute ,thermoplastic composite ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Natural renewable materials can play a big role in reducing the consumption of synthetic materials for environmental sustainability. Natural fiber-reinforced composites have attracted significant research and commercial importance due to their versatile characteristics and multi-dimensional applications. As the natural materials are easily rotten, flammable, and moisture absorbent, they require additional chemical modification for use in sustainable product development. In the present research, jute fibers were treated with rot-, fire-, and water-retardant chemicals and their corresponding polymer composites were fabricated using a compression molding technique. To identify the effects of the chemical treatments on the jute fiber and their polymeric composites, a Fourier transformed infrared radiation (FTIR) study was conducted and the results were analyzed. The presence of various chemicals in the post-treated fibers and the associated composites were identified through the FTIR analysis. The varying weight percentage of the chemicals used for treating the fibers affected the physio-mechanical properties of the fiber as well as their composites. From the FTIR analysis, it was concluded that crystallinity increased with the chemical concentration of the treatment which could be contributed to the improvement in their mechanical performance. This study provides valuable information for both academia and industry on the effect of various chemical treatments of the jute fiber for improved product development.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Adenylate kinase 2 is a biomarker related to the prognosis of glioma and the immune microenvironment
- Author
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Zhichen Liu, Chunjiao Tang, Xu Teng, Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed, and Jingyi Fan
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Medical Laboratory Technology ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Immunology and Allergy ,Hematology - Published
- 2023
39. Mixotrophy of Algae: More Algal Biomass and More Biofertilization for Plants
- Author
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Nermin El Semary, Amira Mohamed Abd El-Sattar, Eman Zakaria Ahmed, and Munirah Aldayel
- Subjects
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,biofertilizers ,cyanobacteria ,Lepidium sativum extract ,mixotrophy ,sugarcane molasses ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Building and Construction ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law - Abstract
Background: The use of algae as biofertilizers is fast-spreading in order to meet the excessive demands for agricultural products. To achieve this, enough algal biomass needs to be supplied year-round. Hence, algal nutritional components must be optimized through mixotrophic conditions. Materials and methods: Two algal isolates, namely, Phormidium sp. and Synechocystis sp. were tested for their ability to produce mixotrophic growth using different supplementations including molasses, aqueous Lepidium sativum, Trigonella foenum graecum seed extract and liquorice root extract, as well as acetate salt solution. The algae that showed highest growth under optimized mixotrophic conditions was further used in cantaloupe seed growth experiments. GC-MS was also carried out on the biomass of Phormidium on one of the fractions of extract using solvent system to reveal some dominant novel bioactive compounds in algal biomass. Results: The sugarcane molasses significantly enhanced the growth of the two algal strains, followed by Lepidium sativum extract only in case of Phormidium sp. Therefore, it was used in subsequent experiments. All growth parameters for that algae were significantly enhanced by the addition of these nutritional sources with molasses being the best supplement. The Phormidium sp. was rich in its content of chlorophyll, proteins, sugars as well as some novel bioactive compounds as revealed by GC–MS. The germination percentage of seeds treated with Phormidium sp. showed a significant increase over that of control. The different growth-related metabolites of total soluble proteins, total soluble sugars and all photosynthetic pigment contents of the seedlings were all significantly increased using this algal treatment. Discussion: The sugarcane molasses was superior in enhancing the algal growth due to its rich content not only of sugars but also of minerals and nitrogenous compounds. The use of aqueous extracts of seeds of Lepidium sativum enhanced growth significantly more than that of the control set as seeds are rich in proteins, omega-3 fatty acids, phytochemicals and other essential nutrients. In growth experiments carried out on cantaloupe seeds, there was a significant increase in germination percentage as well as all growth parameters due to the rich nutritional content of Phormidium sp. Conclusion: Mixotrophic growth achieved better algal biomass production than autotrophy in the case of Phormidium sp. The use of cheap resources such as sugarcane molasses, which is the waste from the sugar industry, as well as the common herb extract of Lepidium sativum, is a cost-effective approach. The use of this mixotrophically grown blue-green alga as a biofertilizer significantly enhanced plant growth and seed germination, indicating the usefulness of this eco-friendly agricultural strategy for achieving both food security and environmental sustainability.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The prospect of economic development in Bahrain through the services sector
- Author
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Hejres, Zakaria Ahmed
- Subjects
381 ,Internal and EU commerce & consumer affairs - Abstract
This study investigates the problems associated with the future economic and social development of a small economy - Bahrain. Bahrain has adopted an industrialisation strategy to diversify the economy since the sixties. The outcomes of that strategy were encouraging at first, but were not sustainable in the long- run. Since the early eighties, changes in the external and internal situations have triggered a debate, which called for a review of the strategy. This study has two-fold objectives. The first is to contribute to the early conclusion of the debate on the to be taken for the future economic development of Bahrain. The second is to discuss the possibilities of adopting a services sector led strategy for the economic development of the country. The study emphasises two important factors which debate on the strategy has not given special attention to. The first is that Balirain has unique features because of its' smallness. The second is the important of utilising and analysing the sectoral and subsectoral data to become to a more objective conclusion about the role of industrial or/and services sector. The study capitalised on the small economy concept. The small island economies have especial natural and characteristics as compared to large economies. The small island economies differ in terms of population size, land, natural and financial resources, small domestic market and etc. This has made these countries to be more depended on the regional and international market for both exports and imports. These have profound implications to the countries in pursuing their economic and social development objectives. Politicians as well as economists in formulating policies for future economic development have overlooked this uniqueness. Notions of unbalanced growth and the theory of the leading sector are relevant to the development of a small island economy. But concepts such as self-reliance and the theory of dependency are not. Economic integration among countries, especially among developing countries has accelerated economic development. For a small economy, economic integration is imperative, whatever form it may take.
- Published
- 1998
41. Tubularised incised-plate versus tubularisation of an intact and laterally augmented plate for hypospadias repair: A prospective randomised study
- Author
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Elbakry, Adel, Hegazy, Mahmoud, Matar, Adel, and Zakaria, Ahmed
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Serum Glucose and Electrolyte Levels in Children with and without Febrile Seizures: A case-control study
- Author
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Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed, Chunjiao Tang, Erick Thokerunga, Ali Omar Jimale, Uroosa Fatima, and Jingyi Fan
- Abstract
Background: Febrile seizures (FS) occur in children aged six to sixty months with a febrile illness not associated with a central nervous system infection or metabolic disorder. Risk factors include; age, history of the disease, certain vaccinations, or iron and zinc deficiencies. Studies show significant hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, and hyperkalemia in children with febrile seizures. Similarly, cerebrospinal fluid hyperglycemia is common in febrile convulsions. This study aimed to retrospectively assess the relationship between febrile seizures, and electrolyte & glucose imbalance among children with fever, and also compare the annual trends of febrile seizure-related admissions pre- and post-Covid 19 pandemics. Methods: A case-control study was conducted from January 2018 to January 2022 at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, China. 876 children aged 6 to 60 months were divided into 438 cases with febrile seizures (cases) and 438 with fever but without seizures (controls). Serum glucose and electrolyte levels at the time of hospitalization as well as age, gender, birth weight, gestational age, temperature, and causes of fever, in both groups were retrieved, analyzed, and compared. Results: Febrile seizure admissions among children aged 6-60 months were significantly reduced to less than 23.4% during the Covid-19 pandemic. Children with febrile seizures had significantly higher serum glucose levels than those with fever but without seizures (p < 0.05). The serum sodium levels of children with seizures were significantly lower than those without seizures (p < 0.05). Sodium levels were significantly lower among children with complex seizures (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the serum electrolyte levels of potassium and calcium between the cases and controls (p > 0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between serum sodium levels and the occurrence of febrile seizures (r = [0.156]; p < 0.05). Conclusion: The study found that admission rates for febrile seizures decreased during Covid-19 and lower sodium levels could be a risk factor for the occurrence of febrile seizures.
- Published
- 2023
43. Assessment of comfort property of jute-cotton blend denim trousers after repetitive laundering
- Author
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Ashraful Alam, Zakaria Ahmed, Mohammad Maniruzzaman, Neaz Morshed, Pulak Talukder, and Taslima Rahman
- Subjects
Comfort ,Jute-cotton ,Blend denim ,Repetitive ,Laundering ,General Medicine - Abstract
In this analysis jute cotton blend denims performance at enzyme wash to 35 times respective laundering, in friction and roughness properties where 5 times laundered sample showed smoother surface in both inner and outer surface. In bending properties, 5 times laundered sample was found second lowest Bending Average Rigidity (BAR) and Bending Work (BW). In compression, highest Compression Average Rigidity (CAR), Recovery Average Rigidity(RAR) and less energy requirement Compression work (CW) to compress in both inner and outer surface was found in 5 times laundered sample. In Sensorial Comfort Aspect (SCA), 5 times laundered sample was found smoother surface property, quite higher bending property and higher compression average rigidity. Therefore, 5 times laundered sample was good sensorial comfort among all the samples. In Maximum Thermal Flux (MTF), 20 times laundered sample gives most warm feeling at inner surface because it provides minimum heat flux which ensure warmness in skin-garment micro environment. For thermo physiological comfort aspect, only 20 times repetitive laundered sample found maximum thermo physiological comfort among all samples. Thus, Jute-Cotton blend denims performance at enzyme wash to 35 times repetitive laundering up to 20 times repetitive laundering sample reported good results and the protruding fibre of jute was visible excessively on the surface.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Management of Gigantomastia: A Review of Two Cases
- Author
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Amal Jalal, Asmaa Chfiri, Sara Karti, Zakaria Ahmed Jaafari, Mehdi Alaoui, Amine El Harti, and Mounia Diouri
- Abstract
Gigantomastia is a rare mastopathy of unknown cause. It affects mostly young women at the time of puberty and is often manifested by a bilateral increase in breast size. Hormone levels are usually normal and the breast biopsy shows an increase in mesenchymal tissue. The mechanical and psychological complications related to the excessive weight and volume of the breasts impose a rapid and effective surgical treatment whose goal is to obtain physical and psychological results rarely equaled in conventional medicine. Therefore contributes to a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being to patients. We will report two cases of juvenile gigantomastia; discuss the therapeutic possibilities and the prognosis.
- Published
- 2022
45. Determination of β-carotene in jute leaves by spectrophotometry and thin layer chromatography
- Author
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Mst. Aleya Nasreen, Zakaria Ahmed, Md. Mahabub Ali, and Tahmina
- Subjects
β-carotene ,Jute leaves ,Corchorus olitorius ,Corchorus capsularis ,Spectrophotometry ,Thin layer chromatography - Abstract
β-carotene is a carotenoid pigment that converts to vitamin A in human body and plays crucial role in visual functions, reproductive performance and immune system. Jute leaves contain β-carotene but amounts in different varieties of jute leaves are not known. The study was undertaken to estimate the β-carotene content in fresh jute leaves of the cultivated jute speciesCorchorus olitoriusL. andCorchorus capsularisL. by spectrophotometry and thin layer chromatography. β-carotene content varies in leaves of different varieties of two species. Leaves of someC. olitoriusvariety showed higher amount of β-carotene than the leaves ofC.capsularisvariety. Some varieties ofC. olitoriusshowed similarity with some varieties ofC. capsularis. VarietyRobi-1 ofC .olitoriusshowed the highest content of β-carotene 39.93mg/100g. O-72, O-4, O-3820, O-9897 and OM-1 of olitorius variety showed higher β-carotene than all the varieties ofC. capsularis. JRO-524 and MG-1 ofC. olitoriusvariety is comparable to CVL-1, D-154, BJC-2197 anddeshi pat shak-1 variety ofC. capsularisregarding β-carotene content. Lowest β-carotene was estimated 12.55mg/100g in O-795 of olitorius variety and 12.32mg/100g in BJC-83 and 11.34mg/100g in BJC-2142 of capsularis variety. Thin layer chromatography system silica gel on TLC Al foils as stationary phase and hexane as mobile phase performs good separation and identification of β-carotene in jute leaves.
- Published
- 2022
46. Effect of nitrogen and naphthalene acetic acid on the growth and yield of summer onion
- Author
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Mukta Gupta, Taslima Rahman, Zakaria Ahmed, and Mohammad Humayun Kabir
- Subjects
Allium cepa ,Nitrogen ,Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) ,Onion - Abstract
The experiment was conducted to study the response of summer onion to N2and Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA). The experiment consisted of two factors. Factor A: 4 levels of Nitrogen viz. N0-0kg (control), N1-90kg ha-1, N2-110kg ha-1and N3-130kg ha-1and Factor B: 4 levels of NAA viz. H0-0ppm, H1- 50ppm, H2-100ppm and H3-150ppm. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Results revealed that in terms of nitrogen, the highest bulb diameter (4.90cm), bulb weight plant-1(51.48g) and bulb yield ha-1(17.78t) were found from N2(110kg N ha-1). In case of application of NAA, the highest bulb length (3.22cm), bulb diameter (4.38cm), bulb weight plant-1(45.18g) and bulb yield ha-1(15.49t) were recorded from H2(100ppm NAA). Regarding combined effect of nitrogen and NAA the highest bulb length (3.76cm), highest bulb diameter (5.26cm), highest bulb weight plant-1(55.50g) and highest bulb yield ha-1(19.60t) were recorded from the treatment combination of N2H2. Considering economic analysis, the highest BCR (2.39) was also obtained from N2H2(110kg N ha-1with 100ppm NAA) treatment combination.
- Published
- 2022
47. Biological activities of Egyptian grape and mulberry by-products and their potential use as natural sources of food additives and nutraceuticals foods
- Author
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Abdel-Khalek, Hanan H. and Mattar, Zakaria Ahmed
- Subjects
Original Paper ,Anticancer ,General Chemical Engineering ,Antimicrobial ,Antioxidant ,Food additives ,Nutraceuticals foods ,Egyptian grape and Mulberry-by-products ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Food Science - Abstract
Interest in the biological role of bioactive compounds present in plant by-products has increased over the last few years. This study aimed to investigate the nutritive value and biological activities of Egyptian Grape leaves (GL), Grape seeds (GS) and Mulberry leaves (ML), as well as investigate the impact of γ-irradiation for improving the utilization of these plant by-products. The dose level 5.0 kGy showed highest the content of crude protein (24.42, 19.41 and 13.50 mg/100 g), as well as crude fiber (34.26 and 21.18 mg/100 g) for ML, GL and GS, respectively. Mulberry leaves has a highest content of protein and fiber at dose 5.0 kGy compared with GL and GS. The highest total phenolic content was found in GS (9.75 mg/g DW), followed by GL (7.32 mg/g DW) and the lowest in ML (5.97 mg/g DW). While ML had a higher total flavonoids content (5.61 mg/g DW) than GS (4.88 mg/g DW) and GL (2.86 mg/g DW). Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were significantly increased at 5.0 kGy. The highest level (83.25% and 80.24%) of scavenging activity (DPPH %) and inhibition activity of HCT 116 cells was recorded at 5.0 kGy by GS. All extracts irradiated at 5.0 kGy exhibited varying degrees of antibacterial activity against (Gram+ve and Gram–ve), the GS followed by GL then ML showed strong antibacterial activity with a diameter of inhibition zone of 26.2, 24.5 and 19.7 mm, against L. monocytoganes, respectively and 24.4, 21.4 and 17.2 against S. typhimurium, respectively. This study suggests that γ-irradiation is an effective technique to enhance the recovery of phenolics and flavonoids from GL, GS and ML. Also in current study, antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activity has been suggested to appear a clear positive relationship with the total phenolic material. This study has proved that the Egyptian GL, GS and ML are rich sources of valuable phytochemicals and nutrients that can serve as a potential source of nutraceuticals and multifunctional food additives (antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer). Phenolic compounds recovered from GL, GS and ML may have a potential role in fighting the COVID-19.
- Published
- 2022
48. Association between Supraventricular Tachycardia and Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Case-Control Study
- Author
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Ali Omar Jimale, Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed, and Dongchi Zhao
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2022
49. Vital Parameters Assessments of Starvation Tolerance of in vitro Populus alba Culture
- Author
-
Mohamed Fathy Ahmed, Eman Zakaria Ahmed, Salman Aloufi, Mohammed Alqurashi, Amal Alyamani, Eman Fayad, and Eman Tawfik Hussien
- Subjects
Physiology ,Plant Science ,Biochemistry - Published
- 2022
50. A Review of Autism Spectrum Disorder among the Somali Diaspora: Implications for Autism Care in Somalia
- Author
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Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed, Erick Thokerunga, Chunjiao Tang, Ali Omar Jimale, and Jingyi Fan
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2022
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