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The characteristics of sea ice leads (SILs) in the Weddell Sea are an important basis for understanding the mechanism of the atmosphere–ocean system in the Southern Ocean. In this study, we derived the sea ice surface temperature (IST) of the Weddell Sea from MODIS thermal images and then generated a daily SIL map for 2015 and 2022 by utilizing the iterative threshold method on the optimised MOD35 cloud-masked IST. The results showed that SIL variations in the Weddell Sea presented remarkable seasonal characteristics. The trend of the SIL area exhibited an initial rise followed by a decline from January to December, characterised by lower values in spring and summer and higher values in fall and winter. SILs in the Weddell Sea were predominantly concentrated between 70~78°S and 60~30°W. The coastal spatial distribution density of the SILs exceeded that of offshore regions, peaking near the Antarctic Peninsula and then near Queen Maud Land. The SIL variation was mainly influenced by dynamical factors, and there were strong positive correlations between the wind field, ocean currents, and sea-ice motion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficacies and safety of oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) remains controversial, and long‐term clinical efficacies in particular need to be explored. This study is designed accordingly, therefore, we searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, OVID, and SinoMed for literature, regardless of publication date or language. Taking 12 months after operation as the shortest limit, the outcome measures were extracted, including visual analog scale (VAS), Oswetry dysfunction index (ODI), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, intervertebral disk height (IDH), foraminal height (FH), lumbar lordosis (LL), segment lordosis (SL), slip ratio, and incidence of surgical complications. Meta‐analysis was performed by RevMan 5.4 and Stata 16.0, and results were expressed with MD and 95% CI, and two‐sided p‐values with p < 0.05 being statistically significant. In total, 17 clinical studies (n = 689 patients) were screened, with an average patient age of 63.4 years. Our study revealed that VAS decreased by 4.55 (low back pain) and 5.46 (leg pain) points, respectively. And ODI score decreased by an average of 33.82% while JOA score increased by an average of 11.56 points. In terms of imaging indicators, mean IDH and FH increased by 4.18 and 4.91 mm, mean LL and SL improved by 9.22° and 2.46°, respectively. Besides, mean slip ratio decreased by 10.45%. The incidence of complications was statistically analyzed in 18 studies, with a rate of 4%–54% and an overall incidence of 19%. To sum up, our study was the first to focus on the long‐term efficacies of OLIF treatment for DLS, and to provide further clinical evidence. However, long‐term follow‐up multicenter randomized controlled trials are still needed for further evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on a study which details the physiologic influences of homocysteine to cerebrovascular diseases. Methodology of the study; Physiologic action of homocysteine; Discussion on the results of the study.