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Objective To investigate the influence of smoking on subgingival flora after periodontitis treatment through microbiological experiments. Methods Fifty-nine patients with periodontitis who completed periodontal treatment in the Department of Stomatology of Nanjing Jiangbei Hospital from 2019 to 2021 were selected and divided into smoking group(30 patients) and non-smoking group(29 patients). The clinical samples of patients's periodontal pockets before and after treatment were collected for detection of Actinobacillus (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Plasmobacterium intermedius (PI), Bacteroides forsythiae (Bf), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) and Streptococcus minimus (Pm). Results After treatment, the bleeding index and periodontal attachment of the smoking group were better than those before treatment, while the plaque area index, bleeding index, periodontal pocket depth and periodontal attachment of the non-smoking group were better than those before treatment, and the plaque area index, periodontal pocket depth and periodontal attachment of the non-smoking group were better than those of the smoking group, with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05). After treatment, the positive rate of Pg and Pi in the smoking group was lower than that before treatment, the positive rate of Aa, Pg, Pi, Bf, Fn and Pm in the non-smoking group was lower than that before treatment, and the positive rate of Pg, Bf, Fn and Pm in the non-smoking group was lower than that in the smoking group, with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05). Conclusion Compared with smokers, non-smokers have better periodontal attachment recovery and lower detection rate of periodontal bacteria after periodontal treatment.

Objective To compare the bacteriostatic effect of two disinfections on the surface of frequently touched objects in dental clinic, so as to provide the reference for proper disinfection. Methods Specimens from the control panel and surface of examination table of comprehensive treatment chair were taken for bacterial culture, record the bac⁃ teria content on the objects surface. Then disinfect the objects surface by using 500 mg/L chlorine⁃containing disinfec⁃ tant (routing group) and Gamma disinfecting wet wipes (test group) respectively, compare the qualified rate of bacterio⁃ stasis on object surfaces between two group. Results After 10⁃minute disinfection on surfaces, bacteriostatic rate of routing group and test group was(91.66±7.52)% and (93.87±6.12)% respectively, there was no significant difference be⁃ tween two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The quaternary ammonium disinfectant for the dental clinic objects can reach the same effect as chlorine⁃containing disinfectant.

Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng (2n = 2x = 14, NsNs), a distant wild relative of common wheat, possesses rich potentially valuable traits, such as disease resistance and more spikelets and kernels per spike, that could be useful for wheat genetic improvement. Development of wheat-P. huashanica translocation lines will facilitate its practical utilization in wheat breeding. In the present study, a wheat-P. huashanica small segmental translocation line, K-13-835-3, was isolated and characterized from the B[C.sub.1][F.sub.5] population of a cross between wheat-P. huashanica amphiploid PHW-SA and wheat cultivar CN16. Cytological studies showed that the mean chromosome configuration of K-13-835-3 at meiosis was 2n = 42 = 0.10 I + 19.43 II (ring) + 1.52 II (rod). GISH analyses indicated that chromosome composition of K-13-835-3 included 40 wheat chromosomes and a pair of wheat-P. huashanica translocation chromosomes. FISH results demonstrated that the small segment from an unidentified P. huashanica chromosome was translocated into wheat chromosome arm 5DS, proximal to the centromere region of 5DS. Compared with the cultivar wheat parent CN16, K-13-835-3 was highly resistant to stripe rust pathogens prevalent in China. Furthermore, spikelets and kernels per spike in K-13-835-3 were significantly higher than those of CN16 in two growing seasons. These results suggest that the desirable genes from P. huashanica were successfully transferred into CN16 background. This translocation line could be used as novel germplasm for high-yield and, eventually, resistant cultivar breeding. Keywords: Psathyrostachys huashanica, translocation line, stripe rust, kernels per spike. Resume : Le Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng (2n = 2x = 14, NsNs), une espece sauvage lointainement apparentee au ble, possede des caracteres potentiellement tres utiles, comme la resistance aux maladies et un plus grand nombre d'epillets et de grains par epi, lesquels pourraient s'averer utiles en amelioration genetique du ble. Le developpement de lignees avec des translocations ble-P. huashanica pourrait faciliter l'utilisation de cette espece en selection chez le ble. Dans ce travail, une lignee presentant une petite translocation d'un segment du P. huashanica chez le ble, K-13-835-3, a ete isolee et caracterisee au sein d'une population B[C.sub.1][F.sub.5] derivee d'un croisement entre un amphiploide ble-P. huashanica PHW-SA et un cultivar de ble CN16. Des analyses cytologiques ont revele que la configuration chromosomique typique chez K-13-835-3 lors de la meiose etait 2n = 42 = 0,10 I +19,43 II (anneau) + 1,52 II (batonnet). Des analyses GISH ont indique que le complement chromosomique de K-13-835-3 incluait 40 chromosomes du ble et une paire de chromosomes avec une translocation ble-P. huashanica. Des analyses FISH ont montre qu'un petit segment provenant d'un chromosome non-identifie du P. huashanica a ete transloque au sein du bras chromosomique 5DS, a proximite de la region centromerique. En comparaison avec le cultivar de ble parental CN16, la lignee K-13-835-3 s'est montree tres resistante aux agents causant la rouille jaune en Chine. De plus, le nombre d'epillets et de grains par epi chez la lignee K-13-835-3 etait significativement plus eleve que chez CN16 au cours de deux saisons. Ces resultats suggerent que des genes desirables du P. huashanica ont ete transferes avec succes chez CN16. Cette lignee a translocation pourra servir de ressource genetique afin de developper des cultivars combinant haut rendement et resistance. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : Psathyrostachys huashanica, lignee a translocation, rouille jaune, nombre de grains pas epi., Introduction The relatively narrow range of genetic variation of wheat is the primary factor that has hampered the improvement of crop yield in recent years (Mujeeb-Kazi et al. 2013). Widening [...]

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play multiple roles in synaptic transmission, and estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) is involved in regulating ROS production. The purpose of our study was to explore the underlying effect of ERRα on ROS production, neurite formation and synaptic transmission. Our results revealed that knocking down ERRα expression affected the formation of neuronal neurites and dendritic spines, which are the basic structures of synaptic transmission and play important roles in learning, memory and neuronal plasticity; moreover, the amplitude and frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) were decreased. These abnormalities were reversed by overexpression of human ERRα. Additionally, we also found that knocking down ERRα expression increased intracellular ROS levels in neurons. ROS inhibitor PBN rescued the changes in neurite formation and synaptic transmission induced by ERRα knockdown. These results indicate a new possible cellular mechanism by which ERRα affects intracellular ROS levels, which in turn regulate neurite and dendritic spine formation and synaptic transmission., Competing Interests: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:Yuanlin Ma reports financial support was provided by 10.13039/501100001809National Natural Science Foundation of China. Demei Xu reports financial support was provided by 10.13039/501100001809National Natural Science Foundation of China. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)