Search

Ningxia A Heat Supply Company adopted the large temperature difference long-distance heating technology.During two consecutive heating seasons from 2019 to 2021， significant scaling， pitting corrosion of stainless steel and corrosion of carbon steel were observed in the secondary pipeline network， which severely impacted the heating effect for residents during the winter.The heat supply company conducted research and development on scale and corrosion inhibitors，as well as studies on the critical conditions for pitting corrosion，based on the characteristics of its water quality and operating conditions.Ultimately， an anti-corrosion and anti-scaling strategy centered on the addition of TC-type scale and corrosion inhibitors was determined.Through industrial trials， random inspections of the heat exchanger plates revealed no significant pitting or scaling， and the results of carbon steel corrosion coupon tests indicated that the corrosion rate of the inner pipeline walls was effectively controlled.This ensured the safe and economical operation of the heating system.The corrosion and scale prevention strategy has shown great potential for broader application in the same type of heating systems.

Understanding the ecological uniqueness of soil bacterial and fungal communities and their driving factors can provide more targeted protection for soil microbial diversity. In this study, spatial multi-site sampling was conducted in a wide range of alpine meadows to reveal the patterns of ecological uniqueness of soil bacterial and fungal communities and the driving factors. The results showed that the soil fungal community contributed 62.3 % to the ecological uniqueness of the microbial community, compared to 37.7 % for bacteria, emphasizing the importance of protecting soil fungal diversity to maintain microbial diversity in the region. Soil bacterial diversity had a positive effect on ecological uniqueness, while fungi had an opposite pattern. Interactions of climate conditions, soil properties, plant and microbial diversity explain most of the variation in the ecological uniqueness of bacterial and fungal communities. Plant community played a key mediating role in maintaining the ecological uniqueness of soil bacterial and fungal communities in alpine meadows. This study proposed to maintain the diversity of soil microbial communities in alpine meadows by protecting sites with high ecological uniqueness of soil bacterial and fungal communities, and restoring sites with low ecological uniqueness.

BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) in Schwann cells (SCs) mediate peripheral nerve function. Ablating Dicer, a key gene in miRNA biogenesis, in SCs causes peripheral neuropathy. Exosomes from healthy SCs (SC-Exo) ameliorate diabetic peripheral neuropathy in part via miRNAs. Thus, using transgenic mice with conditional and inducible ablation of Dicer in proteolipid protein (PLP) expressing SCs (PLP-cKO), we examined whether SC-Exo could reduce peripheral neuropathy in PLP-cKO mice.MethodsPLP-cKO mice at the age of 16 weeks (8 week post-Tamoxifen) were randomly treated with SC-Exo or saline weekly for 8 weeks. Age-and sex-matched wild-type (WT) littermates were used as controls. Peripheral neurological functions, sciatic nerve integrity, and myelination were analyzed. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were performed to examine miRNA and protein expression in sciatic nerve tissues, respectively.ResultsCompared to the WT mice, PLP-cKO mice exhibited a significant decrease in motor and sensory conduction velocities, thermal sensitivity, and motor coordination. PLP-cKO mice exhibited substantial demyelination and axonal damage of the sciatic nerve. Treatment of PLP-cKO mice with SC-Exo significantly ameliorated the peripheral neuropathy and sciatic nerve damage. PLP-cKO mice showed a substantial reduction in a set of Dicer-related miRNAs known to regulate myelination, axonal integrity, and inflammation such as miR-138, −146a and − 338 in the sciatic nerve. In addition, PLP-cKO mice exhibited significant reduction of myelin forming proteins, early growth response 2 (EGR2) and sex determining region Y-box10 (Sox10), but significantly increased myelination inhibitors, Notch1, c-Jun, and Sox2 and the axonal growth inhibitor phosphatase and tens in homolog (PTEN). However, SC-Exo treatment reversed the PLP-cKO altered miRNAs and proteins.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that exogenous SC-Exo ameliorate peripheral neuropathy induced by Dicer ablation in PLP expressing SCs. The therapeutic benefit may be mediated by the SC-Exo altered miRNAs and their targeted genes.

This paper proposes an interval prediction technology of photovoltaic (PV) power based on parameter optimization of extreme learning machine (ELM) model. First, the weighted Euclidean distance is proposed as the evaluation index of PV power prediction interval. The historical sample units are screened and the ELM training set is optimized. Then, a hybrid optimization algorithm for ELM parameters is proposed. The hidden layer input and output weights and biases parameters of the ELM model are optimized by using the elitist strategy genetic algorithm and quantile regression, and the trained model is used to predict the PV power range. Finally, an actual calculation example is constructed based on the historical data of PV power plants and weather stations. The PV power interval is predicted, and the results are compared with those obtained by other methods. The results of the calculation example show that the method proposed can greatly improve the accuracy of interval prediction while increasing the reliability of interval prediction.

Summary: Combination therapy (lenvatinib/programmed death-1 inhibitor) is effective for treating unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). We reveal that responders have better overall and progression-free survival, as well as high tumor mutation burden and special somatic variants. We analyze the proteome and metabolome of 82 plasma samples from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; n = 51) and normal controls (n = 15), revealing that individual differences outweigh treatment differences. Responders exhibit enhanced activity in the alternative/lectin complement pathway and higher levels of lysophosphatidylcholines (LysoPCs), predicting a favorable prognosis. Non-responders are enriched for immunoglobulins, predicting worse outcomes. Compared to normal controls, HCC plasma proteins show acute inflammatory response and platelet activation, while LysoPCs decrease. Combination therapy increases LysoPCs/phosphocholines in responders. Logistic regression/random forest models using metabolomic features achieve good performance in the prediction of responders. Proteomic analysis of cancer tissues unveils molecular features that are associated with side effects in responders receiving combination therapy. In conclusion, our analysis identifies plasma features associated with uHCC responders to combination therapy.

Context.--Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare aggressive lymphoma, usually positive for CD138 and frequently occurring in the oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. Up to 10% of cases are negative for CD138 and diagnostically very challenging. Objective.--To investigate the appropriate approach to diagnose [CD138.sup.-] plasmablastic lymphoma and avoid misdiagnosis. Design.--We studied 21 cases of [CD138.sup.-] PBL from multiple large institutes in the United States and 21 cases from the literature. Results.--[CD138.sup.-] PBLs were positive for different B/ plasma cell markers at various percentages: MUM1 (94.4%; 34 of 36), OCT2 (70.6%; 12 of 17), immunoglobulin light chains (68.8%; 22 of 32), CD38 (68.4%; 13 of 19), CD79a (34.2%; 13 of 38), and PAX5 (15.6%; 5 of 32), suggesting that MUM1, OCT2, immunoglobulin light chains, and CD38 are useful markers to help establish the lineage. A total of 83% of cases (30 of 36) were extraoral lesions. Extraoral lesions showed much lower Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection rates (16 of 30; 53.3%) and had worse prognosis. MYC was positive in 80% (8 of 10) of [EBV.sup.+] cases and 40% (2 of 5) [EBV.sup.-] cases, indicating the importance of MYC in pathogenesis, especially in [EBV.sup.+] cases. Conclusions.--Our study emphasizes that [CD138.sup.-] PBLs tend to be extraoral lesions, with much lower EBV infection rates, and diagnostically very challenging. Accurate diagnosis requires a thorough investigation and workup by using appropriate markers. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2023;147:643-654; doi: 10.5858/arpa.2021-0462-OA), Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a diagnostic challenge in pathology, with morphologic and immunophenotypical features lying within the spectrum of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and plasma cell myeloma. PBL was classified [...]

Axonal remodeling is a critical aspect of ischemic brain repair processes and contributes to spontaneous functional recovery. Our previous in vitro study demonstrated that exosomes/small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) isolated from cerebral endothelial cells (CEC-sEVs) of ischemic brain promote axonal growth of embryonic cortical neurons and that microRNA 27a (miR-27a) is an elevated miRNA in ischemic CEC-sEVs. In the present study, we investigated whether normal CEC-sEVs engineered to enrich their levels of miR-27a (27a-sEVs) further enhance axonal growth and improve neurological outcomes after ischemic stroke when compared with treatment with non-engineered CEC-sEVs. 27a-sEVs were isolated from the conditioned medium of healthy mouse CECs transfected with a lentiviral miR-27a expression vector. Small EVs isolated from CECs transfected with a scramble vector (Scra-sEVs) were used as a control. Adult male mice were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion and then were randomly treated with 27a-sEVs or Scra-sEVs. An array of behavior assays was used to measure neurological function. Compared with treatment of ischemic stroke with Scra-sEVs, treatment with 27a-sEVs significantly augmented axons and spines in the peri-infarct zone and in the corticospinal tract of the spinal grey matter of the denervated side, and significantly improved neurological outcomes. In vitro studies demonstrated that CEC-sEVs carrying reduced miR-27a abolished 27a-sEV-augmented axonal growth. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that 27a-sEVs systemically administered preferentially localized to the pre-synaptic active zone, while quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western Blot analysis showed elevated miR-27a, and reduced axonal inhibitory proteins Semaphorin 6A and Ras Homolog Family Member A in the peri-infarct zone. Blockage of the Clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway substantially reduced neuronal internalization of 27a-sEVs. Our data provide evidence that 27a-sEVs have a therapeutic effect on stroke recovery by promoting axonal remodeling and improving neurological outcomes. Our findings also suggest that suppression of axonal inhibitory proteins such as Semaphorin 6A may contribute to the beneficial effect of 27a-sEVs on axonal remodeling.