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C22H16O5Pb, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 7.3395(8) Å, b = 10.7768(11) Å, c = 23.034(3) Å, V = 1821.9(3) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0327, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0735, T = 296(2) K.

C68H54N4O9Pb2 ${\mathrm{C}}_{68}{\mathrm{H}}_{54}{\mathrm{N}}_{4}{\mathrm{O}}_{9}{\mathrm{P}\mathrm{b}}_{2}$ , monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 15.7286(14) Å, b = 16.3623(14) Å, c = 22.500(2) Å, β = 97.369(1)° $97.369(1){}^{\circ}$ , V = 5742.7(9) Å3 ${\mathrm{\mathring{\text{A}}}}^{3}$ , Z = 4, Rgt ${R}_{gt}$ (F) = 0.0203, w Rref ${R}_{ref}$ (F2 ${F}^{2}$ ) = 0.0488, T = 296(2) K.

C17H10FNS, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 6.1859(2) Å, b = 10.7071(2) Å, c = 19.4475(4) Å, β = 95.794(2)°, V = 1281.49(5) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0476, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1333, T = 296 (2) K.

This document is a discussion of various research papers on different topics. The first paper explores the influence of downstream channel width on flow features in a T-shaped open-channel confluence. The authors conducted numerical simulations to study flow characteristics such as stagnation zone location, tributary inflow angles, separation zone dimensions, flow acceleration, secondary flow patterns, and bed shear stresses. The second paper focuses on the backwater effect in a T-shaped junction channel, examining the impact of junction angle, width ratio, discharge ratio, and bed level discordance. The third paper discusses the backwater effect in river channels caused by variations in bed level and width ratios, finding that increasing discharge upstream and enlarging the downstream width of the main channel can mitigate the backwater effect. The final report analyzes the properties of the star system GJJ211936, including its spectral type, luminosity, and distance from Earth. It also examines the potential habitability of the system's exoplanets and emphasizes the importance of further research in the search for extraterrestrial life. [Extracted from the article]

RationaleMutations in the transcription factor TBX20 (T-box 20) are associated with congenital heart disease. Germline ablation of Tbx20 results in abnormal heart development and embryonic lethality by embryonic day 9.5. Because Tbx20 is expressed in multiple cell lineages required for myocardial development, including pharyngeal endoderm, cardiogenic mesoderm, endocardium, and myocardium, the cell type-specific requirement for TBX20 in early myocardial development remains to be explored.ObjectiveHere, we investigated roles of TBX20 in midgestation cardiomyocytes for heart development.Methods and resultsAblation of Tbx20 from developing cardiomyocytes using a doxycycline inducible cTnTCre transgene led to embryonic lethality. The circumference of developing ventricular and atrial chambers, and in particular that of prospective left atrium, was significantly reduced in Tbx20 conditional knockout mutants. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated reduced proliferation of Tbx20 mutant cardiomyocytes and their arrest at the G1-S phase transition. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of mutant cardiomyocytes revealed differential expression of multiple genes critical for cell cycle regulation. Moreover, atrial and ventricular gene programs seemed to be aberrantly regulated. Putative direct TBX20 targets were identified using TBX20 ChIP-Seq (chromatin immunoprecipitation with high throughput sequencing) from embryonic heart and included key cell cycle genes and atrial and ventricular specific genes. Notably, TBX20 bound a conserved enhancer for a gene key to atrial development and identity, COUP-TFII/Nr2f2 (chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor 2/nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 2). This enhancer interacted with the NR2F2 promoter in human cardiomyocytes and conferred atrial specific gene expression in a transgenic mouse in a TBX20-dependent manner.ConclusionsMyocardial TBX20 directly regulates a subset of genes required for fetal cardiomyocyte proliferation, including those required for the G1-S transition. TBX20 also directly downregulates progenitor-specific genes and, in addition to regulating genes that specify chamber versus nonchamber myocardium, directly activates genes required for establishment or maintenance of atrial and ventricular identity. TBX20 plays a previously unappreciated key role in atrial development through direct regulation of an evolutionarily conserved COUPT-FII enhancer.

Two enantiomeric pairs of new 3d–4f heterometallic clusters have been synthesized from two enantiomer Schiff base derivatives: (R/S)-2-[(2-hydroxy-1-phenylethylimino)methyl] phenol (R-/S-H2L). The formulae of the series clusters are Co3Ln(R-L)6 (Ln = Dy (1R), Gd (2R)), Co3Ln (S-L)6 (Ln = Dy (1S), Gd (2S)), whose crystal structures and magnetic properties have been characterized. Structural analysis indicated that the above clusters crystallize in the chiral P213 group space. The central lanthanide ion has a coordination geometry of D3 surrounded by three [CoIII(L)2]– anions using six aliphatic oxygen atoms of L2− featuring a star-shaped [CoIII3LnIII] configuration. Magnetic measurements showed the presence of slow magnetic relaxation with an effective energy barrier of 22.33 K in the DyIII derivatives under a zero-dc field. Furthermore, the circular dichroism (CD) spectra of 1R and 1S confirmed their enantiomeric nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document discusses a research article that examines the impact of the downstream slope on the flow hydraulics and conveyance features of short-crested trapezoidal weirs. The authors conducted physical experiments and numerical computations to study this effect and proposed a modified equation for the discharge coefficient that considers both the upstream and downstream slopes. The document also explores the influence of the downstream slope on the water surface profile and the effect of a stilling basin downstream of the weir. The authors emphasize the importance of considering the slopes when calculating the discharge coefficient and provide experimental data to support their findings. The research was funded by various sources. [Extracted from the article]

This document is a discussion of a research paper that examines the discharge coefficient of symmetrical stepped and triangular labyrinth side weirs in a subcritical flow regime. The authors conducted experiments and numerical simulations to understand how the design of these weirs affects hydraulics and discharge capacity. They found that the discharge coefficient increased with certain design changes, but there were still hydraulic phenomena that impacted the weir's ability to effectively drain water. The discussers suggest the use of antivortex structures to address these concerns and improve discharge efficiency. The research was supported by various funding sources, and the data and models used in the study are available for further exploration. [Extracted from the article]

Starch is a common source of carbohydrates in aqua feed. High-starch diet can cause hepatic injury and lipid accumulation in fish. Mangiferin (MGF) can regulate lipid metabolism and protect the liver, but there is limited research on its effects in fish. In the present study, we investigated whether MGF could ameliorate high-starch-induced hepatic damage and lipid accumulation in channel catfish. The channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) were fed one of four experimental diets for eight weeks: a control diet (NCD), a high-starch diet (HCD), an HCD supplemented with 100 mg/kg MGF (100 MGF), and an HCD supplemented with 500 mg/kg MGF (500 MGF). The results demonstrated that the weight gain rate (WGR) (p = 0.031), specific growth rate (SGR) (p = 0.039), and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) (p = 0.040) of the 500 MGF group were significantly higher than those of the NCD group. MGF supplementation alleviated liver damage and improved antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) compared to those of the HCD group (p = 0.000). In addition, dietary MGF significantly reduced plasma glucose (GLU) (p = 0.000), triglyceride (TG) (p= 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (p = 0.000) levels. It is noteworthy that MGF significantly reduced the plasma total cholesterol (TC) levels (p = 0.000) and liver TC levels (p = 0.005) of channel catfish. Dietary MGF improves cholesterol homeostasis by decreasing the expression of genes that are involved in cholesterol synthesis and transport (hmgcr, sqle, srebf2, sp1, and ldlr) and increasing the expression of genes that are involved in cholesterol catabolism (cyp7a1). Among them, the largest fold decrease in squalene epoxidase (sqle) expression levels was observed in the 100 MGF or 500 MGF groups compared with the HCD group, with a significant decrease of 3.64-fold or 2.20-fold (p = 0.008). And the 100 MGF or 500 MGF group had significantly decreased (by 1.67-fold or 1.94-fold) Sqle protein levels compared to those of the HCD group (p = 0.000). In primary channel catfish hepatocytes, MGF significantly down-regulated the expression of sqle (p = 0.030) and reduced cholesterol levels (p = 0.000). In NCTC 1469 cells, MGF significantly down-regulated the expression of sqle (p = 0.000) and reduced cholesterol levels (p = 0.024). In conclusion, MGF effectively inhibits sqle expression and reduces cholesterol accumulation. The current study shows how MGF supplementation regulates the metabolism and accumulation of cholesterol in channel catfish, providing a theoretical basis for the use of MGF as a dietary supplement in aquaculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Insulin resistance is associated with chronic complications of diabetes, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), calculated by the common available clinical factors, was proved to be an excellent tool to measure insulin resistance in large patient population. Few studies have explored the association between eGDR and DPN longitudinally. Therefore, we performed the current study to analyze whether eGDR could predict the risk of DPN. Methods: In this prospective study, 366 type 2 diabetes (T2DM) subjects without DPN were enrolled from six communities in Shanghai in 2011–2014 and followed up until 2019–2020. Neuropathy was assessed by Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MSNI) at baseline and at the end of follow‐up. Findings: After 5.91 years, 198 of 366 participants progressed to DPN according to MNSI examination scores. The incidence of DPN in the low baseline eGDR (eGDR < 9.15) group was significantly higher than in the high baseline eGDR (eGDR ≥ 9.15) group (62.37% vs. 45.56%, p =.0013). The incidence of DPN was significantly higher in patients with sustained lower eGDR level (63.69%) compared with those with sustained higher eGDR level (35.80%). Subjects with low baseline eGDR (eGDR < 9.15) had significantly higher risk of DPN at the end of follow‐up (odds ratio = 1.75), even after adjusting for other known DPN risk factors. Conclusions: The 5‐year follow‐up study highlights the importance of insulin resistance represented by eGDR in the development of DPN in T2DM. Diabetic patients with low eGDR are more prone to DPN and, therefore, require more intensive screening and more attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]