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1. A Five-Level Inverter Topology With Extended Linear Modulation Range Till Full Base Speed Irrespective of Load Power Factor

Author

S, Vivek R, Debnath, Tutan, Gopakumar, K., Loganathan, Umanand, and Zielinski, Dariusz

Abstract

In conventional inverters, the linear modulation range is limited to a maximum voltage space vector radius of 0.866 times the dc link voltage ($\text{V}_\text{dc}$), which corresponds to a maximum peak fundamental phase voltage of 0.577 $\text{V}_\text{dc}$. Beyond this, the inverter enters the overmodulation region, where the operation transitions to a six-step mode causing the voltage space vector to trace a hexagonal locus. This results in phase voltage waveforms with significant lower order harmonic content leading to torque ripples in the motor shaft and undesired harmonic losses. Thus, the achievable speed range of the induction motor in the linear modulation range is effectively limited to 90.5% of its full base speed. In contrast, the proposed five-level inverter topology generates a circular voltage space vector locus with a radius of up to 0.955 $\text{V}_\text{dc}$ resulting in a maximum peak fundamental phase voltage of 0.637 $\text{V}_\text{dc}$. Thus, the linear modulation range is extended to full base speed and is independent of the load power factor. The proposed power circuit is based on two standard three-level neutral point clamped inverters and can be realized by two readily available three-level NPC inverter IC packages. Standard space vector pulsewidth modulation techniques can be employed for switching pulse generation.

Published
2024
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12. FGC3.2: A New Generation of Embedded Controls Computer for Power Converters at CERN

Author

Page, Stephen, Ghabrous Larrea, Carlos, King, Quentin, Todd, Benjamin, Uznanski, Slawosz, and Zielinski, Dariusz

Subjects
Device Control and Integrating Diverse Systems, Accelerators and Storage Rings, Accelerator Physics
Abstract

Modern power converters (power supplies) at CERN are controlled by devices known as Function Generator/Controllers (FGCs), which are embedded computer systems providing function generation, current and field regulation, and state control. FGCs were originally conceived for the LHC in the early 2000s, though later generations are now increasingly being deployed in the accelerators in the LHC Injector Chain (Linac4, Booster, Proton Synchrotron and SPS) to replace obsolete equipment. A new generation of FGC known as the FGC3.2 is currently in development, which will provide for the evolving needs of the CERN accelerator complex and additionally be supplied to other HEP laboratories through CERN’s Knowledge and Technology Transfer program. This paper describes the evolution of FGCs, summarizes tests performed to evaluate candidate components for the FGC3.2 and details the final hardware and software architectures which were chosen. The new controller will make use of a multi-core ARM-based system-on-chip (SoC) running an embedded Linux operating system in contrast to earlier generations which combined a microcontroller and DSP with software running on ’bare metal’., Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Accelerator and Large Experimental Physics Control Systems, ICALEPCS2019, New York, NY, USA

Published
2020

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