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In the world, 41 million individuals die every year due to Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs). In contrast, the World Health Organization points out that a predominantly plant-based diet is largely associated with a lower risk of premature mortality and offers protection against NCDs. This work was characterized as an applied study, of the methodological type, structured in two stages, Integrative Literature Review, in search of scientific evidence in the PubMed, LILACS and SciELO databases, on vegetable nutrition for the prevention of chronic diseases (stage 1) and the development of a guide to conduct low-cost healthy eating for the control and prevention of chronic diseases in primary care (stage 2). The research initially obtained 509 articles and after applying the filters and inclusion criteria, 26 articles were selected, which were grouped and categorized into three main axes of discussion - A: General dietary recommendations for the prevention of chronic diseases and inflammation; B: Metabolic syndrome associated with cardiovascular risk; and C: Dietary patterns associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It was concluded that the adoption of a plant-based diet has been widely associated with several benefits in the prevention and control of diseases and can significantly reduce the body's inflammatory levels and the risk of chronic diseases. Based on this work, the guide “Comer é um barato” was developed, which aims to equip primary care professionals to manage the prevention of NCDs through a balanced diet predominantly composed of low-cost vegetables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]