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Background/Aim. Given that frequent manipulation of the abutment during immediate loading can have a negative impact on the surrounding peri-implant hard and soft tissues, the concept "one abutment at one time" (OAO) has been introduced and documented in daily clinical practice. The a im of the study was to evaluate c hanges i n p eriimplant bone levels, clinical and radiographic parameters, and patient perspectives during the six-month follow-up period. Methods. The study was designed as a randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients with bilaterally healed sites in the posterior mandible received implants with a diameter of no less than 3.5 mm and a length of at least 8 mm. Based on randomization, patients were divided into a test group and a control group. Patients who were in the test group received implants that were immediately loaded with definitive abutments. In contrast, patients in the control group received implants where healing abutments were placed, followed by temporary abutments. Implants were immediately loaded with provisional restorations within the first seven days. They were delivered over the test group's definitive abutment and the control group's temporary abutment. Probing depth, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, plaque index, and keratinized tissue width were measured. Patient-Reported Outcome Measures and the Oral Health Impact Profile - 19 (OHIP-19) questionnaires were noted. Results. Out of 24 included patients, 22 completed the six-month follow-up. Peri-implant bone loss between study groups was comparable (mesial: t = -0.798, df = 21, p = 0.434; distal: t = 1.688, df = 21, p = 0.106), without statistical inter-group significance. OHIP-19 total scores significantly decreased after three months and remained similar six months after the implant placement in both groups without statistically relevant clinical inter-group changes. Conclusion. The OAO approach and provisional abutments showed comparable effectiveness regarding the immediate loading of posterior single implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Underage drinking has become a major public concern having a negative impact on the growth and development of the skeleton. Peak bone mass is attained during adolescence hence the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of acute binge alcohol consumption on trabecular morphometry and tensile strength of the adolescent mandible in the Sprague Dawley (SD) rat. The study comprised of 24 SD rats, aged 7 weeks, placed into either the alcohol-exposed [n=12 (6 males and 6 female)] or pair-fed control group [n=12 (6 male and 6 female)]. The treatment of the groups was as follows; the alcohol exposed group and the pair-fed control were administered a single daily dose of 3 g/kg of 20 % alcohol 3 days a week (alternate days) for 7 days and a caloric equivalent dose of maltose dextrin via oral gavage, respectively. The animals were terminated on day 7 via pentobarbital injection. The mandibles were harvested and scanned using a Nikon XTH 255L 3D-microCT scanner (Nikon Metrology, Leuven, Belgium), and biomechanical tests were done using a Shimadzu universal tensile strength testing machine (China). Following scanning and reconstruction, the trabecular morphometry was assessed using Volume Graphics Studio® software. A 3-point bending test was used to evaluate the tensile strength of the bone. Findings from our study showed changes in some trabecular parameters in the female alcohol-exposed group, while the male groups remained unaffected. No changes in tensile strength were seen when comparing male pair-fed control and alcohol-exposed groups and when comparing female pair-fed control and alcohol-exposed groups. Trabecular and tensile strength differences were observed between the sexes when comparing male pair-fed control and alcohol-exposed groups to female pair-fed control and alcohol-exposed groups. These findings do suggest that acute binge alcohol consumption has detrimental effects on the bone micro-architecture in female alcohol-exposed rats and that differences are seen between the sexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Odontologica Latinoamericana: AOL is the property of Acta Odontologica Latinoamericana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Anterior loop in the mental foramen region is a critical region in the mandible. The non detection of anterior loop leads to inadvertent complications during the surgical procedures in this region. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological assessment of the mental foramen's anterior loop (AL) using (CBCT) cone-beam computed tomography. CBCT data was retrieved from January 2018 to December 2022 and screened for eligibility. Images were viewed using panoramic reconstructed views for initial screening. Further multiplanar reformatted view in axial, coronal and sagittal planes were examined. When anterior loop was detected, the path of inferior alveolar canal was traced and the anterior loop was analyzed. Statistical analysis was carried out on the data. Cross-tabulation was done to associate gender and age with the achieved findings (heights and diameters) using the Chi-square test. In this analysis 519 cases were included and examined for presence of anterior loop. 22 cases were included in the study, out of which 10(45.5%) males and 12(54.5%) females. The prevalence of AL is high among females. AL was found higher on the right side in 14 (68.2%) cases compared to the left side with 7 (31.8%) cases. The mean diameter of AL on the right side was 2.5 mm, and on the left side diameter was 1.96 mm. The prevalence of anterior loop in the region of mental foramen in Saudi Population was found to be 4.24%. Careful evaluation for the anterior loop can prevent hemorrhagic episodes during surgical intervention or implant procedures in the mandibular premolar region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Asociación Odontológica Argentina is the property of Asociacion Odontologica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inflammatory disease and chronic inflammation may affect bone turnover and metabolism. This study aimed to compare the morphological, fractal, and textural features of the mandibular bone in FMF patients with healthy controls on panoramic radiographs. Methods: Fifty patients with FMF and, age- and sex-matched 50 healthy controls were included in the study. Morphological evaluation of the mandibular cortex on digital panoramic images of a total of 100 individuals was performed using the mandibular cortical index (MCI). For fractal dimension (FD) and texture analysis of trabecular bone, regions of interest with a size of 50x50 pixels were selected from the trabecular bone region between the roots of the second premolar and first molar teeth. The boxcounting method was applied to calculate the FD. Since the pixel gray-scale levels of these regions showed different distributions, pre-processing was performed with histogram equalization for texture analysis. First-order and gray-level co-occurrence matrixbased second-order features of panoramic images were calculated and their textural characterizations were obtained. Results: The MCI values of the mandibular cortex did not significantly differ between the case and control groups (p>0.05). FD values for the trabecular bone were 1.43 in the case group and 1.44 in the control group, and there was no significant difference between them (p>0.05). First and second-order textural features of trabecular bone did not differ statistically significantly between the case and control groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Morphological, fractal, and textural features of the mandibular bone did not differ on panoramic radiographs between FMF patients and healthy controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Current Research in Dental Sciences is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mandibular incisive canal (MIC) and related mental foramen (MF) and anterior loop (AL) morphometrics are important landmarks in medical and dental clinical applications. The main aim of this retrospective study to determine the morphometry of the mandibular incisive canal (MIC) in a Jordanian population and to propose a new shape-pattern classification of the MIC. In addition, MF and AL morphometrics were determined. Carestream 3D imaging software was used on 100 Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) of a Jordanian population to determine the MF, AL and MIC morphometrics. The detection prevalence of the MIC was 96 %. The right and left MIC showed four distinct line patterns, proposed for the first time in this paper. The line-patterns were angular (L-line), straight (I-line), curved (V-line) and wavy (W-line), with a prevalence of 41 %, 19 %, 25.5 %, and 10.5 %, respectively. MF was detected in all mandibles with a round shape in 58 % of the images. The most common horizontal and vertical positions of the MF were H4 and H3 (73.5 %) and V3 and V2 (95 %), respectively. An accessory MF was detected in 14.5 % of the samples and was more prevalent in males and on the right side. AL was detected in 92.5 % of the samples and exhibited a pattern prevalence of 25.5 %, 40 % and 27 % for types I, II and III, respectively. Results revealed that asymmetry and gender differences between right and left MIC, MF, AL and AMF was seen in patient's mandibles. In conclusion, this is the first study to propose and show that Mandibular incisive canal exhibits four potential line patterns (L, I, V and W lines patterns). Gender and ethnic variations of the mandibular canal landmarks morphometrics of both right and left hemi-mandible are important to be acknowledged in learning anatomy and when planning or performing dental and medical procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Fibrous dysplasia is considered a rare anomaly of skeletal development, caused by a genetic mutation, in which normal bone, due to an increased proliferation of fibrous tissue, is replaced by irregular bone trabeculae. Objective: To present a case of anteriorly located mandibular monostotic fibrous dysplasia in a young medical student. Clinical Case: 23-year-old patient, white skin, urban origin and health history. He came to the consultation due to a progressive increase in volume, accompanied by dental crowding and sensitivity alterations in the lower anterior teeth. The physical examination and complementary imaging revealed a presumptive diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia. The lesion was surgically approached to take a sample for histopathological study, which confirmed the diagnosis of mandibular monostotic fibrous dysplasia. Conclusions: Mandibular monostotic fibrous dysplasia is a rare, recurrent clinical entity with high postoperative morbidity; it´s treatment varies depending on the progression of the disease.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the root canal morphology of third molars in the BosniaHerzegovina population. Materials and methods: A total of 241 extracted third molars (105 maxillary and 136 mandibular) were subjected to a clearing procedure. The specimens were categorized into ten groups based on the Alavi classification for maxillary third molars (MaxTMs), and six groups were based on the Gulabivala classification for mandibular third molars (ManTMs). Root canal type according to the Vertucci classification, the presence and position of lateral canals, and intercanal communication were analyzed using a stereomicroscope x15. Results: MaxTMs had three roots in 77.13% of the samples. Among MaxTMs, the most common morphology was three fused roots (33.33%) and Vertucci’s type VIII (54. 28% of samples in Alavi’s Group IV). 60.29% of ManTMs have two separate roots (Gulabivala’s Groups II and III). The most prevalent types in mesial roots were type I (41.46% in Group II) and type IV (48.78% in Group III), although type I predominated in distal roots (91.24% and 100% in Groups II and III, respectively). Conclusion: Single-rooted third molars usually have a root canal morphology that is more favorable for endodontic treatment. In contrast, third molars with fused roots often have more complex root canal morphology.

Abstract Objectives Vascularized fibula flap transplantation is the most effective and common method to repair the jaw defects. In addition, implantation is the first choice to restore dentition on the graft fibula. Implants are usually implanted at least 6 months after fibula transplantation. Primary implantation of implants during surgery can restore the dentition earlier, but whether this method can achieve the same restorative effect as secondary implantation is still uncertain. This article aims to compare the survival rate and complications between primary and secondary implantation through meta-analysis. Methods This meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA protocol and the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM) according to established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was conducted to compare the survival rate and postoperative infection rate of primary and secondary implantation. Results Seven studies were involved in our research, involving 186 patients. Five of the studies detailed implant success in 106 patients (primary implantation 50, secondary implantation 56), and four studies documented infection after implantation in 117 patients (primary implantation 52, secondary implantation 65); the survival rate of the primary implantation was 93.3%, and the incidence of postoperative infection was 17.3%. The survival rate of the secondary implantation was 93.4%, and 23.1% had postoperative infection. Meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the survival rate between primary implantation and secondary implantation, OR = 0.813 (95% CI 0.383–1.725, P = 0.589 > 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative infection, OR = 0.614 (95% CI 0.239–1.581, P = 0.312 > 0.05). Conclusions Based on the results of this study, the research found no significant difference in the survival rate or infection rates between primary and secondary implantation. After appropriate indications selection, primary implantation can be used to reconstruct the dentition with less waiting time, reduce the impact of radiotherapy, and bring a higher quality of life for patients.

Maxillofacial trauma due to firearms constitutes a great challenge for surgical reconstruction, given the complexity of the injuries produced in bone and soft tissues. We present the case of a 25-years old male patient presenting complex facial trauma secondary to a multiple load firearm who presents a combined defect with loss of soft tissues in the integument and intraoral coverage of the cheek and a comminuted fracture of the left mandibular body with an intermediate segment and an important bone less, for which a scapular osteocutaneous flap with double skin island was used, divided into two fragments joined by a dermofacial bridge to correct the bone, the mucosal and the skin defect. This flap generated a functional and aesthetic reconstruction of the affected structures of the mandibular region; there were no complications and no need of secondary revision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction, aim: Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) is a treatment method used to expand the maxillary arch and maxillary palatal suture. A less discussed effect of this therapeutic procedure are changes in the mandible and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) region. The aim of this review is to summarize the current published findings of changes in the mandible and TMJ region in patients with unilateral posterior crossbite (UPCB) after treatment with RME. Methods: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Embase databases were used for literature search and screening employing the keywords "RME", "unilateral crossbite", "mandible", "TMJ", "dental, dentoalveolar and skeletal changes" and "growing patient". The selected articles were cross-sectional studies, prospective and retrospective clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, and systematic reviews published in English between 1999 and 2023. Results: Forty nine publications met the inclusion criteria, of which 10 were systematic reviews. The largest statistically demonstrable changes in the mandibles of patients with UPCB on the crossbite side were in mandibular length, total height of the ramus mandibulae, condyle height, and condyle position in the fossa glenoidalis using different examination methods. In the analysis of the plaster casts, the majority of the studies agreed with the results of the general tendency of the mandibular expansion in the intermolar distance. Conclusion: Most of the available studies deal with asymmetric skeletal growth. The relationship between unilateral crossbite and skeletal asymmetry is not yet sufficiently described. There is a small number of good quality studies in the literature on the topic of mandibular skeletal changes after RME with statistically and clinically significant results. Further studies with larger sample sizes, well-defined diagnostic criteria, rigorous scientific methodologies and long-term follow-up are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Vascularized fibula flap transplantation is the most effective and common method to repair the jaw defects. In addition, implantation is the first choice to restore dentition on the graft fibula. Implants are usually implanted at least 6 months after fibula transplantation. Primary implantation of implants during surgery can restore the dentition earlier, but whether this method can achieve the same restorative effect as secondary implantation is still uncertain. This article aims to compare the survival rate and complications between primary and secondary implantation through meta-analysis. Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA protocol and the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM) according to established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was conducted to compare the survival rate and postoperative infection rate of primary and secondary implantation. Results: Seven studies were involved in our research, involving 186 patients. Five of the studies detailed implant success in 106 patients (primary implantation 50, secondary implantation 56), and four studies documented infection after implantation in 117 patients (primary implantation 52, secondary implantation 65); the survival rate of the primary implantation was 93.3%, and the incidence of postoperative infection was 17.3%. The survival rate of the secondary implantation was 93.4%, and 23.1% had postoperative infection. Meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the survival rate between primary implantation and secondary implantation, OR = 0.813 (95% CI 0.383–1.725, P = 0.589 > 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative infection, OR = 0.614 (95% CI 0.239–1.581, P = 0.312 > 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, the research found no significant difference in the survival rate or infection rates between primary and secondary implantation. After appropriate indications selection, primary implantation can be used to reconstruct the dentition with less waiting time, reduce the impact of radiotherapy, and bring a higher quality of life for patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Juvenile ossifying fibroma is considered a rare benign pathology that affects the maxillofacial region of children and adolescents, exhibiting aggressive behavior and affecting mainly the paranasal sinus region. According to its clinical and histopathological characteristics, it can be classified into two variants: trabecular and psammomatoid. In addition to the paranasal sinuses, other regions of the face may be affected less frequently, such as the jaw. The present work reports a case of psammomatoid juvenile ossifying fibroma, located in the region of the right mandibular body, of a 13-year-old patient, treated at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology Outpatient Clinic (CTBMF) of the Municipal Hospital of Tucuruí-PA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hemangioamele oaselor maxilare la copii sunt extreme de rare, dar pot avea efect e edverse severe.Scopul. În scopul acestei lucrări a fost de a atenționa problemele de diagnostic a hemangioamelor la copiii cu probleme de coagulopatie, în special cele osoase. Materiale și metode. Se prezintă un caz deosebit de hemangiom a mandibulei, la un adolescent cu patologie de coagulare. Rezultate. Reviul de literatură și cazul present a constatat multe problem identice, dar și particularități de diagnostic și tratament. Concluzie. Hemangioamele osoase mandibulare sunt formațiuni vasculare rare. Diagnosticul hemangioamelor la copii eeste dificil dun cauza incidenței rare, particularităților de tratament, cît și din cauza semnelor clinice ascunse. Examenul general este necesar pentru toate formele de hemangioame și mai ales pentru cele cu localizare în oasele maxilarelor. Problemele de coagulopatii complică mult alegerea metodelor de tratament. Tratamentul medicamentos este obțiunea favorabilă din toate obțiunile de tratament la momentul actual. Alegerea metodei de tratament corectă este un moment important în profilaxia efectelor adverse.

Pediatrik hastada mandibula kondil kırıkları ciddi komplikasyonlara neden olabilen maksillofasiyal yaralanmalardır. Kondil kırıkları, mandibulanın en sık görülen kırıklarıdır. Tedavide açık ve kapalı yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Özellikle pediatrik hastalarda kapalı yöntem, açık yönteme oranla daha çok tercih edilmektedir. Bu olgu sunumunun amacı, travma sonucu unilateral kondil kırığı olan hastanın kapalı yaklaşımla tedavi öncesi ve sonrası erken dönem klinik ve radyolojik bulgularının değerlendirilmesidir. Bu olgu sunumunda, masadan düşme sonucu kliniğimize başvuran ( 2, ♂ ) hastada unilateral kondil kırığının alt çeneye uygulanan oklüzyonu yükseltilmiş sert plak ve Barton bandajıyla tedavisi ele alındı. Haftalık yapılan kontroller sonucu 1.ay sonunda semptomlarda iyileşme ve kırık bölgesinde kallus oluşumu izlendi. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kondil kırığı, Mandibula, Pediatrik Hasta

Dentre as neoplasias de cavidade oral a mais frequente é o ameloblastoma, uma neoplasia benigna de origem odontogênica, derivada da disfunção genética de células responsáveis pela síntese do esmalte dentário, os ameloblastos. Estes tumores podem ocorrer nas mais diversas localidades da cavidade oral e, habitualmente, possuem características de evolução rápida. O principal tratamento baseia-se na exérese tumoral cirúrgica associada ou não a tratamentos adjuvantes como a radioterapia ou quimioterapia. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de mandibulectomia total bilateral com diagnóstico de ameloblastoma. O paciente chegou sem histórico anterior com massa mandibular de grandes proporções e apresentando sialorreia com estrias de sangue, caquexia, dor, dificuldade em ocluir a cavidade oral e anemia. Inicialmente foi realizada mandibulectomia total esquerda e parcial direita, em seguida necessitou de duas reintervenções culminando em mandibulectomia total bilateral, concluiu-se que o procedimento estabelecido foi eficaz como tratamento, trazendo melhor qualidade de vida, conforto e bem-estar ao paciente.

Sex identification of a deceased human individual by means of the mandible is very important for forensic dentistry. The aim of the present study was to determine the sex of Chilean individuals by mandible analysis in panoramic radiographies. Linear and angular parameters of the mandible were analyzed from panoramic radiographies (PR). The study included PR of adult Chilean individuals, of both sexes, with optimum solution and contrast, and which allowed the angles and rami of the mandible to be viewed. Sex was determined by univariate and bivariate discriminant function analysis. The sample consisted of 594 PR of individuals aged between 18 and 84 years. The best sex predictor using univariate discriminant function analysis was the mandibular ramus height (MRH) (74.1 %), followed by the distance from the mental foramen - mandibular base (DMF-MB) (69.1 %) and the bicondylar breadth (BC) (66.7 %). The parameters that presented the lowest sex prediction were the angle of the mandible (AM) with 55.0 % and the distance between mental foramina (DMF) with 53.7 %. The best sex prediction was obtained by the step model of discriminant function analysis (80.2 %), including only three parameters: MRH, BC and DMF-MB. The parameters height of the mandibular ramus, bicondylar breadth and distance from the mental foramen - base of the mandible are good predictors of sex in Chilean individuals when used in conjunction; they are therefore indicated for sex determination in the contemporary Chilean population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. One of the possible manifestations of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the appearance of a benign bone tumor. We hereby present a case of a young woman whose first clinical manifestation of PHPT was a brown tumor of the mandible. Case report. A 27-year-old female patient was hospitalized at the Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases due to problems occurring in the form of nausea, exhaustion, the feeling of suffocation, dysphagia, pain in the right ear and the right half of the cheeks, with suspected PHPT. Initial laboratory findings pointed out the high levels of parathyroid (PT) hormone (PTH) and calcium (Ca2+) ions, low levels of vitamin D, and increased parameters of bone metabolism with signs of osteopenia. Cone beam computed tomography revealed the presence of bilateral radiolucent lesions of the mandible. Scintigraphy verified a retrosternal hot focus consistent with PT adenoma. After parathyroidectomy was performed, there was a normalization of PTH values, bone metabolism parameters, and the Ca2+ values. Four months after parathyroidectomy, a significant regression of the mandibular tumefaction was confirmed, clinically and radiologically. Conclusion. Brown tumors are rare first clinical manifestations of PHPT. Owing to their histological similarities with other giant-cell lesions (GCLs), definitive diagnosis is sometimes difficult and is based on a correlation of pathohistological, radiological, and laboratory findings. Due to the spontaneous regression of bone lesions after treatment of the basic cause of PHPT, brown tumors should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any GCLs in order to avoid unnecessary surgical procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Current Research in Dental Sciences is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Selcuk Dental Journal is the property of Selcuk Dental Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Every day dental implants are being sought by young adults and elderly people. With the increase in this demand, more people with osseointegration problems due to diseases such as osteoporosis have emerged, due to which there has been a greater need in the search for resolutions for these deficits. Materials and Methods: For this literature review, articles found in PubMed, Scielo and google academic databases were used, with 842 articles found, 83 selected and 29 used. Conclusion: It is concluded that the greatest difficulty in implant dentistry in patients with osteoporosis is osseointegration and to improve the vitamin and hormonal deficits that cause it, drugs and vitamin supplements are necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Research in Health Sciences (JARHS) / Sağlık Bilimlerinde İleri Araştırmalar Dergisi (SABİAD) is the property of Journal of Advanced Research in Health Sciences (JARHS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of panoramic radiography and the radiomorphometric indices in osteoporosis identification. Methods and Results: The research included 60 women (average age of 62,907,07 years) in the postmenopausal stage who were subjected to an assessment of bone density through the DEXA test and were divided into 2 groups based on the value of the DEXA test from the lumbar region (L1-L4): Main group (MG) included 30 women with osteoporosis (T-score-2.5). Panoramic radiography were used to assess the mandibular cortical index (MCI), mental index (MI), panoramic mandibular index (PMI) Based on the porosity level, Klemetti et al.(1994) has categorized MCI into three categories (C1, C2, and C3). MCI–C1, which represents the normal appearance of the lower jaw cortex without changes in bone quality, was found only in CG in 63.33%. MCI-C2 and MCI-C3 were found in 70% and 30% of cases, respectively, in MG. In CG, MCI-C2 was found in 36.67% of cases and MCI-C3 in 0% of cases. There was a significant difference between the two study groups in the distribution of MCI (P=0.000). MI below 3 mm was found in 19(63.33%) of cases in CG and 27(90.00%) in MG (OR=5.211, 95% CI: 1.278-21.237, P=0.0213). PMI below 0.3mm was found in 7(23.33%) of cases in CG and 19(63.33%) in MG (OR=5.675 95% CI: 1.841-17.494, P=0.0025). MCI sensitivity and specificity for osteoporosis were 70% (95% CI: 50.60%-85.27%) and 63.33% (95% CI: 43.86%-80.07%), respectively; PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 65.62% (95% CI: 53.03%-76.35%), 67.86% (95% CI: 53.41%-79.54%) and 66.67% (95% CI: 53.31%-78.31%), respectively. MI sensitivity and specificity at a cutoff point of 3 mm for osteoporosis were 90% (95% CI: 73.47%-97.89%) and 36.67% (95% CI: 19.93%-56.14%), respectively; PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy were 58.70% (95% CI: 51.35%-65.67%), 78.57% (95% CI: 53.18%-92.21%) and 63.33% (95% CI: 49.90%-75.41%), respectively. PMI sensitivity and specificity at a cutoff point of 0.3 mm for osteoporosis were 63.33% (95% CI: 43.86%-80.07%) and 76.67% (95% CI: 57.72%-90.07%), respectively; PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy were 73.08% (95% CI: 57.32%-84.58%), 67.65% (95% CI: 55.66%-77.69%) and 70.00% (95% CI: 56.79%-81.15%), respectively. Conclusion: PR can be a useful tool to identify early signs of osteoporosis by using the evaluation of radiomorphometric indices. MCI, MI, and PMI can be potential screening tools for initial BMD loss.

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background/Aim. Mandibular prognathism, as one of the more severe forms of dentofacial deformities, impairs the oral functions and appearance of the patient's face and represents a psychosocial handicap with a negative impact on the quality of life (QoL). The aim of the study was to assess the impact of orthodontic-surgical (OS) treatment on the QoL of patients with mandibular prognathism. Methods. The study involved 40 patients (19 men and 21 women, with a mean age of 24.1 ± 4.1 years) who underwent the OS treatment for mandibular prognathism. All patients completed two questionnaires - the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ), before the start of treatment and 12 months after the completion of treatment. Results. The results of both questionnaires showed an improvement in the QoL compared to the condition before the treatment. According to the OQLQ questionnaire, there was a postoperative improvement in the QoL (score 24.8 ± 12.9) compared to the preoperative period (score 51.3 ± 15.2). According to the results of the OHIP-14 questionnaire, there was a postoperative improvement in the QoL (score 11.3 ± 2.9) compared to the preoperative period (score 20.8 ± 6.9). The improvement of the QoL, 12 months after the treatment, occurred in all life segments, measured by both questionnaires. Conclusion. OS treatment of mandibular prognathism improves all oral functions, including the appearance of the patient's face, thus improving the QoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to show the effectiveness of bidirectional polydioxanone (PDO) threads in cases of facial restructuring in patients with mild to moderate skin ptosis. Several insertion techniques for PDO threads have been described with the purpose of suspending soft tissue, improving the contour of the mandibular line, reducing the nasolabial fold and correcting facial asymmetries. The amount of scientific evidence suggests that PDO threads are an advantageous implement for speciality of Orofacial Harmonization (HOF), as it is minimally invasive, performed in an outpatient setting and with a quick return to activities. Pre-treatment oral rehabilitation is essential to correct functions and loss of vertical dimension of occlusion. As it is a resorbable material and with 70% of its resistance to tension maintained after 2 weeks, 50% in 4 weeks and 25% in 6 weeks, it causes tissue repositioning to return to its previous position, requiring periodic maintenance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aim. Mandibular prognathism (MPG) is a severe form of facial and jaw deformity. This kind of anomaly usually requires combined orthodontic-surgical treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in the craniofacial complex after orthodontic-surgical treatment of patients with MPG by analyzing the cephalometric parameters on teleradiography images before and after treatment. Methods. The study included a sample of 40 subjects (mean age 24.1 ± 4.1 years) who underwent orthodontic-surgical treatment of MPG. Vertical and sagittal parameters which characterize MPG were measured on profile teleradiography images before and 12 months after treatment. Based on the analysis of cephalometric parameters on preoperative and postoperative teleradiography images, dental and skeletal changes that occurred after treatment were determined. Results. After the end of the treatment, most of the parameter values that characterize MPG were significantly reduced. A drop in values was noted in the following parameters: SNB, SNPg, NS/SpP, NS/MP, SpP/MP, NSAr, ArGoMe, Bjork polygon, NMe, NSna, SnaMe, SSnp, I/SpP. There was a statistically significant increase in the values of the following parameters SNA, ANB, GoArNS, SGo and i/MP. No significant changes in values were recorded on the OP/NS and SArGo parameters. Conclusion. Orthodontic-surgical treatment of MPG leads to changes in the bone and dental structures of the craniofacial system. As a result of such treatment, there is a functional improvement and an improvement in the appearance of the face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Ameloblastomas correspond to one of the most prevalent odontogenic tumors in developing countries, they are mainly located in the mandible, and their treatment has been widely discussed over the years, using radical or conservative treatments depending on different variables. Clinical case: We present two cases of patients with Ameloblastoma who underwent conservative treatment without the use of adjuvant therapy, obtaining satisfactory results evaluated in the medium term. Discussion: Due to a possible recurrence with conservative treatment, radical management has been suggested, however, the choice of treatment should be based on a series of clinical, histological and radiographic characteristics. Introducción: Los Ameloblastomas corresponden a uno de los tumores odontogénicos más prevalentes en los países en desarrollo, se ubican principalmente en la mandíbula, y su tratamiento ha sido ampliamente discutido a lo largo de los años, utilizando tratamientos radicales o conservadores dependiendo de distintas variables. Caso clínico: Se presentan dos casos de pacientes con un Ameloblastoma a quienes se les realizó tratamiento conservador sin uso de terapia coadyuvante, obteniendo resultados satisfactorios evaluados a mediano plazo. Discusión: Debido a una posible recurrencia con un tratamiento conservador, se ha sugerido manejo radical, sin embargo, la elección de tratamiento debe ser en base a una serie de características clínicas, histológicas y radiográficas.

El aparato estomatognático es un sistema que comprende varias estructuras, de las cuales, el cráneo y la mandíbula están relacionados mediante las articulaciones temporomandibulares. La articulación temporomandibular (ATM) es la única articulación móvil entre los huesos de la cabeza que funcionan sincrónicamente; los trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM) forman un grupo de problemas clínicos que no solo van a comprometer la musculatura masticatoria sino también la ATM, entre otras estructuras. Objetivo: Analizar a las maloclusiones en pacientes adolescentes y niños, y su relación con los trastornos temporomandibulares. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de las causas que producen estos trastornos temporomadibulares, mediante una revisión bibliográfica en bases de datos como Scielo, Redalyc y Google académico, donde se seleccionaron 21 manuscritos. Las maloclusiones conllevan a fallos en el funcionamiento de la oclusión, que repercuten en la actividad de los músculos de la masticación y de la ATM, activándose un sistema de alarma que se manifiesta por síntomas y signos como el dolor, ruidos articulares y alteraciones de los diferentes movimientos mandibulares. resulta de vital importancia conocer su relación, para poder establecer un adecuado plan de tratamiento que permita la corrección de ambos y así minimizar el tiempo de intervención y alcanzar resultados favorables en la estética facial, en la función de los músculos masticatorios y articulares. Conclusión: La maloclusión puede ser la causa más común en la alteración de la ATM, ya que se produce una situación de inestabilidad máxilo mandibular no compensada que provoca una sobrecarga articular, ya sea porque dicha inestabilidad genere bruxismo o porque obligue a trabajar la ATM en una situación de carga desfavorable.

Aim: In our study, the relationship between mandible coronoid process and other mandible morphometric parameters in dry bones and it is aimed to compare these data between the sides. Materials and Methods: In the anatomy laboratory, 22 mandible from the bone collection were photographed in three different ways, from right-left lateral and posterior, using a digital camera. Measurements were performed on digital images using Image J software. Morphometric parameters of coronoid process and morphometric parameters of mandible ramus and body were determined. Coronoid process types were hooked, triangular, round and square. The parameters were compared between the two sides and correlation analysis was performed. Results: There was no significant difference between the right and left sides in all parameters. There was no difference between the parties in the percent distribution of processus coronoideus types. There was a high correlation between processus coronoideus area and processus coronoideus height on both sides (p

Forty-five mandibles (90 cases) used in education at the Anatomy Departments of Bezmialem Vakıf University, Hitit University and Marmara University Faculty of Medicine were examined macroscopically and the incidence of mylohyoid bridge was investigated. In some cases, the proximal part of the mylohyoid groove (sulcus mylohyoideus) may appear as a canal through a bony bridge (mylohyoid arc = mylohyoid bridge). Knowledge the frequency of mylohyoid bridge variations will contribute to the literature studies on this subject and will guide the practice of oral surgery and dentistry. Investigating anatomical variations, as well as collecting anthropometric data, is important to draw attention to clinical practices and guide clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RGO: Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia is the property of RGO: Revista Gaucha de Odontologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Van Tip Dergisi is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Stafne's bone cavity is a rare, radiolucent, well-demarcated anatomic variant that usually occurs in the molar region near the mandibular angle and below the canal for the inferior dental nerve. It is frequently misdiagnosed with other pathological entities. Objective: To determine the frequency of Stafne's bone cavity in panoramic radiographs of the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Service of the Teaching Dental Care Center “Cayetano Heredia”, from 2015 to 2019. Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was performed on a sample of 17875 panoramic radiographs. Demographic variables such as gender, age, location and shape were considered; subsequently tables of contents were performed for data analysis. Results: Among the 17875 patients, only 24 (0.13 %) had Stafne's bone cavity, including 16 males and 8 females. The eighth decade of life presented the highest number of cases with 6 (0.4 %). The right posterior location accounted for 13 (54.17 %), the left posterior with 7 (29.17 %) and the anterior with 4 (16.67 %). The oval shape with 23 (95.83 %) and round with only 1 (4.17 %). Conclusions: The frequency of Stafne's bone cavity was 0.13 % with male sex predilection, eighth decade of life, right posterior location and oval shape.

Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor (AOT) is a slow and indolent but progressive growing benign epithelial odontogenic tumor, usually diagnosed in the anterior maxilla, especially in children and adolescents, with a preference for women. Enucleation is the indicated treatment. This article focuses on a 17-year-old male student, complaining of pain on the left side of the face. Cone-beam Computed Tomography showed unilocular hypodense image anterior to the 3.4 tooth's root causing buccal cortical bulging. With the diagnostic hypotheses of lateral periodontal cyst, keratocyst, AOT, among others, excisonal biopsy was performed with consequent enucleation of the lesion. Macroscopic examination of the specimen showed a round soft tissue fragment, brownish, of fibrous consistency, which after section showed cystic and solid areas inside. The histopathological diagnosis was TOA. The patient is currently in the fourth year of proservation, with no signs of relapse. The present report illustrates the case of an infrequent odontogenic tumor, in an unusual clinical presentation, the interradicular extrafollicular, occurring in the mandible and showing dense cystic areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Oral Research is the property of Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Under normal conditions, the mandible and its anatomical structures (teeth, muscles, skin) are innervated by the branches of the third division of the trigeminal nerve (mandibular nerve), however, there are reports that show supplementary innervation of the lower teeth and the mandibular angle area. The latter could be responsible for the failure of the nerve block under local anesthesia. The main objective of this research; is to review articles that describe the participation of other nerves such as the mylohyoid nerve, and the superficial branches of the cervical plexus, which can enter the mandible through foramina located along its architecture. For this, a narrative review of the scientific literature was carried out, in English and Spanish, from 1971 to 2019, using the digital platforms PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane library, Scielo and Google Scholar, gray literature and in addition to a search Handbook. According to the results of the review, the existence of the failures of the mandibular anesthetic techniques due to the accessory innervation of the mandible and the lower teeth is confirmed, where the three main nerves reviewed have an impact on this postulate. In conclusion, an order of execution is proposed to perform local anesthetic infiltration into the jaw to achieve a successful block during dental procedures that require it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sex estimation is the first step in human identification. The mandibular ramus and the condyle have been widely used as indicators for sexual diagnosis because they are regions that undergo important morphological changes which increase sexual dimorphism. The object of the present study was to carry out a systematic review to determine the metric parameters of the mandibular ramus that present the greatest sexual dimorphism, and to sex estimation from the angle of mandible (MA). We included documents in English, Spanish and Portuguese which analysed sex estimation or sex diagnosis by metric analysis of the mandibular ramus in humans. The search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, up to December 2020. The risks of bias were analysed using the AQUA tool. The search identified 538 studies. After exclusion of duplicates and irrelevant articles, 39 studies were included for qualitative analysis. Of these, 18 studies were carried out on dry mandibles and 21 by imaging techniques, totalling 7270 participants of 14 different nationalities. We found 14 sex-estimation parameters in the mandibular ramus, plus the MA. Sex estimation by the MA is variable; it is a good predictor only for some populations. The height of the mandibular ramus, the angle of mandible, the bicondylar angle and the height of the coronoid process were the estimation parameters cited in the greatest number of studies. The mandibular ramus presents great sexual dimorphism and can be used as a sex predictor in different populations. Although some parameters of the mandibular ramus can present accuracy of almost 80 % when analysed in isolation, more accurate sex estimation is achieved when the parameters are analysed in conjunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Research in Health Sciences (JARHS) / Sağlık Bilimlerinde İleri Araştırmalar Dergisi (SABİAD) is the property of Journal of Advanced Research in Health Sciences (JARHS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed to find out the incidence of impacted third molars and associated pathologies in people who live in the North Cyprus population. Dr. Burhan Nalbantoglu State Hospital is the only hospital that has an oral and maxillofacial surgery department among the state hospitals in North Cyprus. Patients who were referred to this department during a one-year period due to the complaints regarding their third molar were included in our study. This retrospective study involved 550 patients aged 16 to 65 years (1752 third molars). Chi-square tests were done for bilateral comparison between age, gender, and third molar (p < 0.05). Among the groups included in the study, the highest number of third molars originated from the 20–29 age group (n = 1050). Among all 1752 third molars, 716 (40%) of them erupted, while 1036 (60%) were impacted molar teeth, with significant differences between genders (p > 0.05). The most often impacted position in the mandible was the mesioangular type (42%) and in the maxilla was the vertical type (62%). Partially and completely impacted mandibular third molars showed a significant difference between the left and right sides (p < 0.05). A huge proportion of third molars are impacted in the North Cyprus population. The degree of impaction of wisdom teeth and the problems they cause should be well evaluated, and the surgical approach should be considered according to the baseline of this data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reportamos un nuevo caso teratológico mandibular en un individuo macho de Chiasognathus grantii de Castro, Chiloé. El individuo analizado presenta una hemiteria asimétrica en ambas mandíbulas. Este registro representa el quinto caso teratológico descrito para la especie y el más anómalo hasta ahora conocido. Discutimos la posible causa de esta malformación dada su biología como organismo holometábolo y su potencial consecuencia en términos de reproducción.

Introducción: Los tumores pardos ocasionados por hiperparatiroidismo, ya sea primario o secundario, son lesiones de tejido blando intraóseo vascularizado, que se presentan con mayor frecuencia en huesos largos; ocasionalmente, las lesiones llegan a ser periféricas y se localizan sobre procesos alveolares de maxilar y mandíbula. Objetivo: Presentar un paciente bajo tratamiento de hemodiálisis, que presenta tumores pardos en región maxilofacial, en relación con hiperparatiroidismo secundario. Caso clínico: Paciente de 39 años, con antecedentes de insuficiencia renal crónica, diagnosticada hace más de 20 años e hiperparatiroidismo secundario, para lo cual lleva tratamiento con régimen regular de diálisis. Acude por presentar deformidad facial; radiológicamente presenta lesiones osteolíticas en maxilar y mandíbula con impresión diagnóstica de tumores pardos. Conclusiones: Esta manifestación de hiperparatiroidismo secundario se observa al incrementarse la longevidad de los pacientes con fallo renal. Una completa evaluación del paciente puede ayudar a un correcto diagnóstico.

Dentes ectópicos são frequentemente encontrados, entretanto, terceiros molares inferiores ectópicos são incomuns, com etiologia obscura e pouco descritos na literatura pertinente. Sua localização já foi relatada nas regiões condilar, subcondilar, incisura mandibular, ângulo e borda inferior da mandíbula. Devido à importância do planejamento terapêutico, manejo adequado e variedade das manifestações clínicas desta condição, este trabalho teve como objetivo relatar um caso clínico de terceiro molar inferior ectópico na região de incisura mandibular, com radiolucência aumentada ao redor da coroa, em um paciente do gênero masculino, de 28 anos e sem sintomatologia. Acompanhamento radiográfico pode ser indicado, no entanto, em pacientes sintomáticos ou com alterações patológicas associadas, a extração deve ser considerada. Diante disso, o tratamento de escolha foi a extração do dente 38 sob anestesia geral, por via intraoral, tendo em vista a posição dentária, radiolucência e morbidade associada à cirurgia. O tecido mole circundante foi enviado para análise anatomopatológica. O paciente evoluiu sem intercorrências durante avaliação pós-operatória.

Introdução: O mieloma múltiplo e caracterizado como uma neoplasia maligna plasmocitária com a proliferação anormal de plasmócitos clonais na medula óssea de etiologia desconhecida. Objetivo: Caracterizar os pacientes com mieloma múltiplo atendidos no Setor de Estômato-Odontologia e Prótese do INCA, por meio de dados sociodemográficos, clínicos, laboratoriais e radiográficos. Método: Estudo transversal retrospectivo de pacientes com diagnostico de mieloma múltiplo, no período de 2000 a 2018, que realizaram radiografia panorâmica no período do diagnóstico da doença. Os dados sociodemográficos e clinico-radiográficos da população em estudo foram coletados nos prontuários dos pacientes, armazenados em banco de dados, analisados de forma descritiva e submetidos ao teste não paramétrico X2 (qui-quadrado). Resultados: Na amostra final, foram totalizados 163 casos. A maioria era de homens (56,4%), brancos (55,8%), com idade ≤55 anos (54%), ensino fundamental incompleto (30,7%), não fumantes (54,6%) e não bebedores (54,6%). Havia lesões líticas em 46 pacientes (28,2%) com predileção pela mandíbula (82,6%; p=0,000). Houve maior frequência de margens parcialmente definidas (50,0%), não escleróticas (78,2%) e de aspecto unilocular (43,5%). Dos 46 pacientes que apresentaram lesão lítica maxilomandibular, 27 pacientes tinham >55 anos (p=0,042). Conclusão: Ha maior ocorrência de lesões ósseas na mandíbula quando comparada a maxila.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence and location of bifid mandibular canals (CMB) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: Three trained and calibrated dental radiologists individually evaluated 1254 CT scans using the I-Cat Vision software (Imaging Sciences International®) and classified them into four distinct types (Retromolar, Dental, Forward and Bucolingual). Frequency data, collected from an Access form (Microsoft® Office), were analyzed using the Fischer and Friedman test. The level of statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: CMBs were found in 276 cases (22%), with no gender predilection (P = 0.186). There was a statistically significant difference between the types (P = 0.001). Discussion: The recognition of a CMB is of great relevance when associated with anesthetic and surgical procedures in the posterior region of the mandible. Although many studies have shown that CMB is not commonly seen, a failure to identify it can result in damage to the lower alveolar nerve (NAI) or difficulty in obtaining anesthetic block. Conclusion: The most frequent type of CMB in both genders was retromolar (P = 0.001), representing 18.5%, and visualized with rates of 47.1% in women and 52.9% in men. The frequency of CMBs analyzed using the CBCT was significant in the population evaluated and presented in different configurations. Thus, its investigation should not be neglected in the face of surgical procedures that involve the posterior region of the mandible.