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In this study, collagen hydrolyzate was obtained from bovine shaving wastes of leather production with the alkali hydrolysis reaction. Total amino acid, total carbon and total nitrogen amounts of liquid collagen hydrolyzate (CH) were determined. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterization of collagen hydrolyzate was performed. Obtained CH was emulsified with hydrogenated castor and amino functional silicone oils to prepare lubricating protein filler (LPF). Particle size and zeta potential of the LPF were analyzed. 10%, 15%, and 20% LPF was used in the retanning/fatliquoring process of chromium tanned bovine leathers. Performance characterizations of leathers treated with LPFs were carried out with tensile strength, tear strength, filling efficiency, light fastness, shrinkage, and denaturation temperature analyses. Moreover, bounded fat content in leather was also determined. Results showed the increased thermal stability, strength performance and good filling effect in leather by application of the prepared LPF. Consequently, LPF had a good potential as natural retanning/fatliquoring agent via achieving reuse of the solid leather wastes and providing satisfactory leather properties and cleaner production by one product itself.

This study aims to determine the extent of chrome in shaving waste that can be recovered and reused for tanning the leather and to reduce environmental pollution. Three kg of chrome shaving waste was hydrolyzed with NaOH by variation of 1, 2 and 3 % respectively in 10 liters of water, at temperature of 100oC for 1 hour. The results solution was then filtered to separate the chrome from the collagen protein . The filtered solids chrome was recovery by concentrated using sulfuric acid. The resulting chrome has Cr2O3 about 11 g/kg of chromium with utiluzation of 2 % NaOH. The recovered chrome was used for tanning goat skin with variation of 0, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 100% respectively from total chrome used for tanning leather. Test result showed that the variation of 60 % met the standard of SNI 0253-2009: Upper leather footwear-goat. The use of recovered chrome reduce environmental pollution.

ABSTRACT A research has been done on recycling of shavings waste for art paper. The aim of this research was to utilize shaving waste from tanning industry for making art paper in order not to pollute the environment, and to add raw materials to the manufacture of art paper. In this study the majority of shaving waste was used as a motif (20%) and partly made ​of pulp (10%) together with paper waste (newspaper). As the materials starch and resin adhesive (fox) used was (1%) that served as an adhesive. Dyes were used to the beauty of the appearance of art paper. There were two stages of the paper making, first made ​from waste paper pulp added with the waste shaving, then printing given motives shaving motive of waste too. Part of the sheet of paper were pressed (about half), and the other parts were not pressed. They were then tested on gramatur art paper, tear index, tensile index, and the fracture index. The test results showed that pressed art paper had -3 a tear index, tensile index and the fracture index (3.85; 0.59; 8.4 x 10 ), and the impressed was -3 (3.57; 0.52; 6.9 x 10 ) respectively the art paper that used fox adhesive on the pressed (15,545; -1 -1) 0,76; 3528 x 10 ), and on impressed (16,366; 0,80; 3549 x 10 . The overall appearance of art paper results could still compete with the art of paper are the market.