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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Russian football is currently excluded from international competitions as a political sanction due to the military con- flict. Despite this, matches in the national football leagues are continuing, and fans still attend professional football matches in the Russian Premier League (RPL). As fans' attitudes toward aspects of Russian football governance are largely unexplored, the question arises how fans evaluate the governance of the Russian Premier League. Therefore, this article presents evidence from the first large survey of RPL supporters (N = 4,090) with a focus on consumer culture and requests for reforms of the RPL. The regression results reveal an attitudinal pattern toward the governance of the RPL in line with recent findings on Chinese football fans, which may be characterized as a post-socialist fan culture restricted by an authoritarian league governance. Hence, unlike European fans, Russian supporters associate more consumer sovereignty with commercialization because they mistrust the politicization of the RPL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crowd funding is the process of raising essential amounts of funds from a large number of people to launch a new business initiative. It is typically accomplished by connecting investors and entrepreneurs through social media and crowd funding platforms, with the potential to boost entrepreneurship by broadening the pool of investors outside the conventional circle of owners, relatives, and venture capitalists. Although the crowd financing market is only a few years old, it has quickly become one of the most popular ways to raise funds. This enables entrepreneurs to avoid the traditional banking system. Banks have been more reluctant to lend to small firms, particularly in the aftermath of the financial crisis. This has made it difficult for many entrepreneurs to secure the funds they require to establish or grow their firms. Crowd funding not only gives prospective entrepreneurs with the capital they need, but it also validates their ideas and helps them develop a network of early adopters and supporters. Collective contributions have enabled inventive entrepreneurs to bring their ideas to life. This research study presents an outline of crowd funding's current position and prospects as a source of financing for Indian enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to analyze the aspects of safety and comfort in Indonesian football stadiums. This analytical survey research was conducted in three stadiums in Indonesia that have FIFA standards and are always used in national or international matches to analyze and describe the factors of security and comfort variables. There were five stages in this study: the first stage was observation, the second stage was collecting evidence of scientific articles, the third stage was instrument validation with focus group discussion (FGD), the fourth stage was data collection, and the fifth stage was research reporting with scientific articles. Then, there were six dimensions of the survey category, namely Stadium Construction, Physical Security, Social Security, Communication and Coordination, Recommendations and Feedback, and Clarity to the Spectators. The initial identification results were 3,090 spectators, 2,408 men and 682 women. They were aged 14 – 47 years, averaging 23.66±7.2 years. The number of visits to the stadium in one year was two to six times. The spectators’ experience in visiting different stadiums was two to seven stadiums. The following result, the Kruskal-Wallis test, showed the Asymp. The sig value was 0.319>0.05, meaning there was no difference in answers based on the spectators visiting the three stadiums. The publication of this study can provide valid and clear information insights to stadium managers to pay more attention and strive to provide the best service to football spectators. Because indirectly, supporters who watch the match will provide greater moral support to the football team.

Background: There is a paucity of literature describing experiences and journey of individuals with cocaine use disorder (CUD) and supporters who care for them. The aim of this study was to understand and document the journey of individuals with current CUD, those in CUD remission, and supporters. Methods: The online bulletin board (OBB) is a qualitative tool where participants engage in an interactive discussion on a virtual forum. After completing a 15-minute screening questionnaire determining eligibility, individuals in CUD remission and supporters participated in an OBB for 60 minutes, split across 8 days over 2 weeks. Individuals with current CUD participated in a one-time virtual focus group discussion for 90 minutes. Results: Individuals in CUD remission (n=35) were from Brazil, France, Spain, the UK, and the US; those with current CUD (n=5) and supporters (n=6) were from the US. Key insights were that individuals with current CUD were seeking a 'euphoric high' that cocaine provides. Those in CUD remission described a 'euphoric high' when they first tried cocaine, but over time it became harder to re-create this feeling. Individuals in CUD remission expressed a 'rollercoaster' of emotions from when they first started using cocaine to when they stopped. Supporters were sad, isolated, and worried about a potential cocaine overdose for their loved ones with CUD. Conclusion: The study provides valuable insights into the experiences and journey of individuals with CUD and their supporters. Data generated from this study gives insights into this under-served and growing population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dear Editor, As dedicated social workers deeply invest in the wellbeing of individuals and communities in India, authors write to shed light on a critical issue faced in our profession: resilience, or the lack thereof. While resilience is widely acknowledged as a crucial attribute for navigating the challenges inherent in social work-particularly in a country as diverse and complex as India-it is evident that many social workers in our midst are struggling to uphold this principle in their daily lives. The demands placed on social workers in India are immense, ranging from addressing poverty, inequality, and discrimination to providing support for mental health issues, domestic violence, and child welfare. Yet, amidst these challenges, the concept of selfcare and resilience often takes a backseat, resulting in high levels of burnout, stress, and attrition within the profession (1). When it comes to anxiety, a study from Ireland reported that 30.6% of social workers scored in the mild range, 26.5% in the moderate range, and 10.7% in the severe category (2). Another Indian study on stress and anxiety levels in social work students reported that first-year students who had just been admitted experienced higher levels of stress and anxiety, with moderate levels in second-year students, whereas the highest levels were observed in third-year students (3). Most social workers work for Non Governmental Organisations (NGOs) at local, national, or global levels. Workplace policies usually tend to be vague and arbitrary. Low pay scales and frequent employer whims are two major issues regarding employment. Tasks and activities, as opposed to set, preset daily hours, dictate working hours. The job description is frequently vague, and social workers may be expected to carry out duties that fall entirely outside the scope of their training (4).

Football allows to observe how the individuals involved in the game - athletes, fans, etc. - feel, see and perceive the world around us. This article aims to identify the imaginary of masculinity expressed in the chants of the fans of Grêmio, a football club from Porto Alegre. An on-site observation of the songs was made and based on the Discursive Analysis of Imaginaries and a theoretical survey on gender and masculinities, it was possible to confirm that the songs sung by the Grêmio fans privilege a hegemonic and heteronormative masculinity, which depreciates the rival using homophobic terms, values alcohol consumption, regionalism and belonging to the Club. Despite this, the songs also value homoaffectivity between fans of the same club, celebrating joy, love, celebration, and unity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the 1910s and 1920s, two nautical clubs and one regatta club were opened in Florianópolis – capital of the state of Santa Catarina, in Brazil. Rowing, as a sport, began to be encouraged among the native youth. Newspapers and magazines started to interact with the public by promoting competitions and rewarding the winners of the regattas with the publication of colored photos. Poems and plays that paid tribute to both rowers and maritime disputes were written by local artists. The Clubs, which did not have the financial support of the Brazilian Confederation, promoted dancing dinners organized by the young uniformed fans. In the first half of the 20th century, in Florianópolis, rowing helped to improve sociability and created heroes who exhibited strength, beauty and discipline. So a question arises: “Why has rowing become a trend in florianopolitan society at this particular time?”. Starting from this unpretentious question and from the analysis of selected sources that reproduce countless silences, especially those concerning the theater and the women, this study was conceived in the form of short essays that narrate some of the activities that derived from the practice of rowing in Florianópolis.

Introduction: We held a class for supporters in dementia prevention to nurture people who can carry out activities that prevent dementia and restrict its advancement. The objective was for enrollees who have completed the class to be able to visit the homes of older adults who have difficulty leaving their homes and help them carry out activities that prevent dementia. The trained supporters then evaluated the cognitive and psychological effects of interaction. Method: The participants were local residents of Nara and Aichi Prefectures. In the supporter training to prevent dementia, we held 12 training sessions a year at Nara Medical University in Nara Prefecture and Shubun University in Aichi Prefecture. Supporters gather older people in the community to practice dementia prevention activities, and visit the homes of older adults who have difficulty leaving their homes to help the latter carry out activities that prevent dementia. Results: A total of 128 people were enrolled in the training for supporters in dementia prevention. Pre- and post-training supporter evaluations showed significant improvements in both dementia-related skills and availability (p=0.000). In terms of the comparisons before and after visiting 31 older adults people with difficulty leaving their homes, the results of the immediate recall test for cognitive function among the older adults who participated in the activities designed to prevent dementia improved from 4.5 to 7.2, whereas the results of the belated recall test improved from 3.9 to 6.6 (p=0.000). Conclusion: Training for supporters in dementia prevention significantly improved skills. A characteristic of the older adults who had difficulty leaving their homes was that their levels of activity and conversation were low, but the change to their daily lives, increased conversation, and improved activity through the visits of the supporters affected their minds and bodies and significantly improved their cognitive function.

Populist movements centre around a strong political leader and focus on the distinction between 'the people' and 'the elite'. As soon as populists gain government power, they are thus faced with an ideological dilemma: Suddenly, they themselves are the political elite. Continuing in this line of thought, the article aims to understand whether a change in political power affects how populists and their supporters engage in dialogue online. Assuming that populist practices differ depending on the degree to which the politician in question still adheres to the political establishment, the analysis compares tweets by Donald Trump and his supporters with tweets by Boris Johnson and his followers based on 727 tweets posted in two stratified constructed weeks before and after the respective politician took office. By focusing on dialogue practices of populists as well as their supporters in terms of converging or diverging pragma-rhetoric strategies, the article extends existing research on populism by adding the voice of those who conceptualize themselves as embodiment of 'the people' that populism evokes. The results show how person deixis and ethotic arguments in online dialogues not only establish a rapport between populist leaders and their followers, but also serve to form collectives that are intransigently opposed to each other. • Populist and nationalist politicians differ in their dialogue practices. • Successful populist movements establish a mutual rapport between populist and supporters. • Person deixis and ethotic arguments create a rapport between populist and follower. • Supporters actively construct themselves as embodiments of the concept of 'the people'. • Person deixis and ethotic arguments serve to form intransigent collectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the ethnography of football games, with a special focus on how field research intertwines with the discursively constructed image of football culture as a mechanism for the production of otherness. The ethnographic material which will be discussed was gathered in 2012 during the qualifications for the Football World Cup held in Brazil in 2014. The game in question is a match between Serbia and Croatia held in March 2013 in Zagreb. Through the discussion of the gathered ethnographic material, field reflexions and material from the media, I will attempt to shed light on the ways in which one football game can serve to homogenize as well as question identity, especially ways in which these identities are constructed through the media. The analysis of ethnographic material will serve to point out the specificity of researching a fairly visible and popular, highly mediatised phenomenon such as football, in which discourses created by the media are intertwined with the real "state of affairs in the field".

This study attempts to present the problem of hooligan behavior at football stadiums in the context of the Council of Europe guidelines, preventive measures (including project method experience).

Football is the most important sport in the world, which would not make sense without supporters. The role of the supporters is very important for the success of football, although essential for the existence of football seem at first sight the sponsors. The development of football is impressive, worldwide. There are national, continental or world events at club or national teams level. There are several types of supporters, which can be recognized in any country of the world; Passionate fans are just a type of supporter. The behavior of football supporters is influenced by a variety of factors, including: family, friends, economic issues, time available, costs. Certainly, football fans are influenced by television and the Internet. The loyalty of football fans is a proverbial one, compared to many other areas. There are many reasons to be a football supporter; to have fun, to identify with the winners and other reasons Many aspects mentioned below are valid for club teams. At national team matches, there are some special details. There are some relatively recent changes in the behavior of football fans, including the emergence of "supporters without frontiers", who travel to other countries to watch their favorite teams. Another trend is the increase in the proportion of female supporters. Some interesting aspects also appear regarding the Romanian supporters. Among them: the most popular team in Romania is not a Romanian one! I tried to draw at least a few valid conclusions for all supporters, regardless of the country.

An eLife survey explores the experiences of those in the research community who support colleagues struggling with their mental health.

This paper will examine the relationship between Fascism and football in Italy from the regime’s origins in the mid­-1920s through to the present day and will seek to explain the far right’s continued presence in the game. Contextualising Italian football’s development within the nation’s postwar history, it will argue that while the Fascist regime laid the foundations of the contemporary game, its influence was not profound enough to explain the far­-right’s existence in Italian stadiums since the 1980s. By situating the politicisation of Italian football within theories of post­-Fascist memory and via the examination of specific incidents of pro­-regime and anti­-Semitic activity within the stadiums, this paper will argue that the failure to combat the far­-right’s presence has been a direct consequence of the weakness/absence of the Italian state.

Since the 1970s, the government has been focusing on building unity among multi-racial communities. This is being taken seriously through the implementation of several key policies such as the New Economic Policy (NEP) and the National Cultural Policy. The goal of both policies is to create an ambitious National Unity. One of the elements contained in the National Cultural Policy relates to sports activities. Through sports activities, the government believes that it can foster inter-racial relations, in addition to fostering common sense and at the same time stimulating the spirit of nationalism among societies. However, it should be noted that the scope of sports activities is too broad to explore. In addition, studies about it have received little attention from local scholars, although they are widely reported. Because of this, it is important to choose the main aspects of sports activities to be the topic of discussion. Therefore, this paper focuses on the existence of a group of football supporters who call themselves Ultras Malaya. Since 2007, the involvement of Ultras Malaya has shown a lot of light that the sport of football is capable of bridging race relations. It has been shown by the attitude of the group. To see these things, it is very important to go back to the history of the establishment of Ultras Malaya and also require that the aspect of uniqueness displayed by Ultras Malaya that can be used as a medium for integration platrorm. This paper uses a qualitative approach. While primary data were obtained based on interviews with the Ultras Malaya coordinator, apart from the direct involvement of the authors in the group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article attempts to evaluate the My Electricity program concerning increasing renewable energy production in photovoltaic (PV) prosumer sources (PV micro-installations) in Poland. The assessment is made from the perspective of beneficiaries, business, and local community. One may also find an answer to the question of how this program should be modified so that it continues to support the development of PV systems in Poland. Moreover, how Poles assess the PV technology, in terms of the safety of its users and its impact on the environment, is studied. For this purpose, there was exploratory, qualitative, and quantitative research conducted. Twelve case studies were used as well as online questionnaires conducted on prosumers who used the My Electricity program to install PV micro-installations (57 respondents). By means of interviews, there was a confrontation of their point of view with the opinions of seven skeptics of such installations. Moreover, five experts from the energy industry and politicians involved in the transformation of the energy system were interviewed in order to balance the enthusiastic opinions of prosumers and the skeptical views of objectors to home PV systems. The results of our research indicate that the program is rated very well by enthusiasts of PV systems, although they emphasize the high investment costs and the lack of solutions supporting energy storage. Experts point out that the power grid in Poland is not prepared for such an immediate increase in prosumer PV systems, and they suggest more care in solving this problem.

The article tries to show the political context of sport, especially football, in Israel. It shows different aspects and specificity of the Jewish state, which has influence on this discipline. It is also about important sport events in the history of this country. What football league looks like and its image, the roots of clubs, are some others topics contained here. The work also tries to explain the role of sport in this young country, which, paradoxically, has a long tradition. It shows how the government uses sport to break barriers between nations and what the viewpoint of Palestinians is on these attempts. The paper describes various groups of fans and their political activity and discovers the background of matches in Israel.

This dissertation attends to the study of football hooligans’ subcultures. In particular, it addresses a general synthesis of the beginnings of casual culture in Great Britain, within the context of the cultural transition process of the 1980s, and within a political, social and cultural context greatly influenced by the new Conservative government of Margaret Thatcher. It makes a chronological review of the stylistic evolution and the attitudes of the casuals, based on the concept one-upmanship, facing the different realities that happened in approximately a decade. From the birth of the punk movement in the late seventies to the emergence of rave and club cultures at the end of the following decade. It also includes the element of violence in football, both inside and outside the stadiums, through several events that exemplify the level of violence achieved in those years. Throughout the text it tries to record the relevance of the study of youth expressions and activities for a better understanding of wider historical and cultural processes.

Copyright of Estudos em Comunicação is the property of Labcom / Universidade da Beira Interior and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology is the property of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Football is the most important sport in the world, which would not make sense without supporters. The role of the supporters is very important for the success of football, although essential for the existence of football seem at first sight the sponsors. The development of football is impressive, worldwide. There are national, continental or world events at club or national teams level. There are several types of supporters, which can be recognized in any country of the world; Passionate fans are just a type of supporter. The behavior of football supporters is influenced by a variety of factors, including: family, friends, economic issues, time available, costs. Certainly, football fans are influenced by television and the Internet. The loyalty of football fans is a proverbial one, compared to many other areas. There are many reasons to be a football supporter; to have fun, to identify with the winners and other reasons Many aspects mentioned below are valid for club teams. At national team matches, there are some special details. There are some relatively recent changes in the behavior of football fans, including the emergence of "supporters without frontiers", who travel to other countries to watch their favorite teams. Another trend is the increase in the proportion of female supporters. Some interesting aspects also appear regarding the Romanian supporters. Among them: the most popular team in Romania is not a Romanian one!. I tried to draw at least a few valid conclusions for all supporters, regardless of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte is the property of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais is the property of Centro de Estudos Sociais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Papeles: Revista de la Facultad de Educación Universidad Antonio Nariño is the property of Universidad Antonio Narino and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article tries to show the political context of sport, especially football, in Israel. It shows different aspects and specificity of the Jewish state, which has influence on this discipline. It is also about important sport events in the history of this country. What football league looks like and its image, the roots of clubs, are some others topics contained here. The work also tries to explain the role of sport in this young country, which, paradoxically, has a long tradition. It shows how the government uses sport to break barriers between nations and what the viewpoint of Palestinians is on these attempts. The paper describes various groups of fans and their political activity and discovers the background of matches in Israel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El fútbol, y en particular la violencia en el fútbol, son temáticas relegadas de la discusión académica, aunque en cierto sentido esta situación se ha ido revirtiendo en los últimos años. La violencia en el fútbol ha sido hasta aquí explicada como una acción irracional propia del estado de incivilización de los sectores más bajos de la sociedad; y por esta razón, los violentos son comúnmente denominados como seres irracionales e incivilizados: salvajes, bárbaros, inadaptados y demás sustantivos denigrantes. Aquellas interpretaciones que conciben a la violencia como una acción irracional, propia de un estadio de barbarie, eluden la representación social de estas acciones y sus relaciones con otros fenómenos sociales. El trabajo de observación participante con los simpatizantes de un club de las divisiones de ascenso del fútbol argentino tuvo como resultado exponer los vínculos existentes entre los actos de violencia y las formas de identificación.

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Copyright of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology is the property of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article deals with analysis of commitment and career in Sur Oscura, barra brava of football club from Barcelona (Ecuador). The aim of this article is to highlight sequential and progressive behaviors to become one of the supporters. This analysis gives keys to understand the place occupied by violent know-how. If violence is not a target for itself, it remains extremely present and is part of daily life of supporters. However, this violence cannot be really understood without analyzing together with festive dimension of barristas activities. Mastering both violent and festive activism allows connections between dominant people and barristas, opening a way to develop political relationships that are strongly led by Sur Oscura's leaders. That way, ethnography of Sur Oscura invites in fact to question social dynamics and external policy which feed its proper practices.

The proposed scientific theme is going to approach and study the hooliganism phenomenon as a contemporary social matter, in terms of conceptual and etiological. The present work has four main purposes: (1)- that of explaining the meaning of hooliganism social phenomenon; (2)- that of discovering the origins of hooliganism; (3)- that of knowing which are the causes that encourages the occurence of the hooliganism; (4)- that of knowing how to control and minimize this phenomenon.