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The impact of artificial intelligence in our society is important due to the innovation of processes through data science to know the academic and sociodemographic factors that contribute to late payments in university students, to identify them and make timely decisions for implementing prevention and correction programs, avoiding student dropout due to this economic problem, and ensuring success in their education in a meaningful and focused way. In this sense, the research aims to compare the performance metrics of classification models for late payments in students of a private university by using AutoML algorithms from various existing platforms and solutions such as AutoKeras, AutoGluon, HyperOPT, MLJar, and H2O in a data set consisting of 8,495 records and the application of data balancing techniques. From the implementation and execution of various algorithms, similar metrics have been obtained based on the parameters and optimization functions used automatically by each tool, providing better performance to the H2O platform through the Stacked Ensemble algorithm with metrics accuracy = 0.778. F1 = 0.870, recall = 0.904 and precision = 0.839. The research can be extended to other contexts or areas of knowledge due to the growing interest in automated machine learning, providing researchers with a valuable tool in data science without the need for deep knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous progress of technology, the subject of life science plays an increasingly important role, among which the application of artificial intelligence in the medical field has attracted more and more attention. Bell facial palsy, a neurological ailment characterized by facial muscle weakness or paralysis, exerts a profound impact on patients' facial expressions and masticatory abilities, thereby inflicting considerable distress upon their overall quality of life and mental well-being. In this study, we designed a facial attribute recognition model specifically for individuals with Bell's facial palsy. The model utilizes an enhanced SSD network and scientific computing to perform a graded assessment of the patients' condition. By replacing the VGG network with a more efficient backbone, we improved the model's accuracy and significantly reduced its computational burden. The results show that the improved SSD network has an average precision of 87.9% in the classification of light, middle and severe facial palsy, and effectively performs the classification of patients with facial palsy, where scientific calculations also increase the precision of the classification. This is also one of the most significant contributions of this article, which provides intelligent means and objective data for future research on intelligent diagnosis and treatment as well as progressive rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to use AI to Predict Success of Email Campaigns Testing email marketing effectiveness is an active research area because email remains an important channel for customer acquisition and retention. Email open rates are a key measure of campaign effectiveness. Scholars identify three predictors of open rates: recipients' characteristics, headline characteristics, and sending time. The industry-favored A/B testing has three drawbacks: it takes hours, depletes lists available for main campaigns, and limits testable email versions because of sample size and power requirements. These limitations continue to motivate researchers to build and improve open rate prediction models. Although they reduce testing time, models developed in marketing use only recipients' past open rates as predictors. By contrast, models in computer science typically use only email headline characteristics as predictors. Consequently, current models' open rate prediction errors are high. The authors address the limitations of both literature streams and use all three predictors and machine learning to build an email open rate predictor (EMOP) based on their universal emotion detector (UED). They test EMOP on data from four brands and set state-of-the-art prediction results. Experimental validation shows that EMOP can pick the best headline from a set of professionally generated headlines. Also, UED ranked second at the SemEval 2018 Task 1 E-c competition as of January 5, 2023. History: Olivier Toubia served as the senior editor for this article. Supplemental Material: The e-companion and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2021.0126. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complex systems, as interwoven miscellaneous interacting entities that emerge and evolve through self-organization in a myriad of spiraling contexts, exhibit subtleties on global scale besides steering the way to understand complexity which has been under evolutionary processes with unfolding cumulative nature wherein order is viewed as the unifying framework. Indicating the striking feature of non-separability in components, a complex system cannot be understood in terms of the individual isolated constituents' properties per se, it can rather be comprehended as a way to multilevel approach systems behavior with systems whose emergent behavior and pattern transcend the characteristics of ubiquitous units composing the system itself. This observation specifies a change of scientific paradigm, presenting that a reductionist perspective does not by any means imply a constructionist view; and in that vein, complex systems science, associated with multiscale problems, is regarded as ascendancy of emergence over reductionism and level of mechanistic insight evolving into complex system. While evolvability being related to the species and humans owing their existence to their ancestors' capability with regards to adapting, emerging and evolving besides the relation between complexity of models, designs, visualization and optimality, a horizon that can take into account the subtleties making their own means of solutions applicable is to be entailed by complexity. Such views attach their germane importance to the future science of complexity which may probably be best regarded as a minimal history congruent with observable variations, namely the most parallelizable or symmetric process which can turn random inputs into regular outputs. Interestingly enough, chaos and nonlinear systems come into this picture as cousins of complexity which with tons of its components are involved in a hectic interaction with one another in a nonlinear fashion amongst the other related systems and fields. Relation, in mathematics, is a way of connecting two or more things, which is to say numbers, sets or other mathematical objects, and it is a relation that describes the way the things are interrelated to facilitate making sense of complex mathematical systems. Accordingly, mathematical modeling and scientific computing are proven principal tools toward the solution of problems arising in complex systems' exploration with sound, stimulating and innovative aspects attributed to data science as a tailored-made discipline to enable making sense out of voluminous (-big) data. Regarding the computation of the complexity of any mathematical model, conducting the analyses over the run time is related to the sort of data determined and employed along with the methods. This enables the possibility of examining the data applied in the study, which is dependent on the capacity of the computer at work. Besides these, varying capacities of the computers have impact on the results; nevertheless, the application of the method on the code step by step must be taken into consideration. In this sense, the definition of complexity evaluated over different data lends a broader applicability range with more realism and convenience since the process is dependent on concrete mathematical foundations. All of these indicate that the methods need to be investigated based on their mathematical foundation together with the methods. In that way, it can become foreseeable what level of complexity will emerge for any data desired to be employed. With relation to fractals, fractal theory and analysis are geared toward assessing the fractal characteristics of data, several methods being at stake to assign fractal dimensions to the datasets, and within that perspective, fractal analysis provides expansion of knowledge regarding the functions and structures of complex systems while acting as a potential means to evaluate the novel areas of research and to capture the roughness of objects, their nonlinearity, randomness, and so on. The idea of fractional-order integration and differentiation as well as the inverse relationship between them lends fractional calculus applications in various fields spanning across science, medicine and engineering, amongst the others. The approach of fractional calculus, within mathematics-informed frameworks employed to enable reliable comprehension into complex processes which encompass an array of temporal and spatial scales notably provides the novel applicable models through fractional-order calculus to optimization methods. Computational science and modeling, notwithstanding, are oriented toward the simulation and investigation of complex systems through the use of computers by making use of domains ranging from mathematics to physics as well as computer science. A computational model consisting of numerous variables that characterize the system under consideration allows the performing of many simulated experiments via computerized means. Furthermore, Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques whether combined or not with fractal, fractional analysis as well as mathematical models have enabled various applications including the prediction of mechanisms ranging extensively from living organisms to other interactions across incredible spectra besides providing solutions to real-world complex problems both on local and global scale. While enabling model accuracy maximization, AI can also ensure the minimization of functions such as computational burden. Relatedly, level of complexity, often employed in computer science for decision-making and problem-solving processes, aims to evaluate the difficulty of algorithms, and by so doing, it helps to determine the number of required resources and time for task completion. Computational (-algorithmic) complexity, referring to the measure of the amount of computing resources (memory and storage) which a specific algorithm consumes when it is run, essentially signifies the complexity of an algorithm, yielding an approximate sense of the volume of computing resources and seeking to prove the input data with different values and sizes. Computational complexity, with search algorithms and solution landscapes, eventually points toward reductions vis à vis universality to explore varying degrees of problems with different ranges of predictability. Taken together, this line of sophisticated and computer-assisted proof approach can fulfill the requirements of accuracy, interpretability, predictability and reliance on mathematical sciences with the assistance of AI and machine learning being at the plinth of and at the intersection with different domains among many other related points in line with the concurrent technical analyses, computing processes, computational foundations and mathematical modeling. Consequently, as distinctive from the other ones, our special issue series provides a novel direction for stimulating, refreshing and innovative interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary understanding and research in model-based, data-driven modes to be able to obtain feasible accurate solutions, designed simulations, optimization processes, among many more. Hence, we address the theoretical reflections on how all these processes are modeled, merging all together the advanced methods, mathematical analyses, computational technologies, quantum means elaborating and exhibiting the implications of applicable approaches in real-world systems and other related domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Especially on the Internet, popular topics in computer sciences which are artificial intelligence, big data, business analytics, data mining, data science, deep learning, and machine learning have been compared or classified using confusing Venn diagrams without any scientific proof. Relationships among the topics have been visualized in this study with the help of Venn diagrams to add scientificity to visualizations. Therefore, this study aims to determine the interactions among the seven popular topics in computer sciences. Five books for each topic (35 books) were included in the analysis. To illustrate the interactions among these topics, the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) analysis, a topic modeling analysis method, was applied. Further, the pairwise correlation was applied to determine the relationships among the chosen topics. The LDA analysis produced expected results in differentiating the topics, and pairwise correlation results revealed that all the topics are related to each other and that it is challenging to differentiate between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers across cognitive, neuro- and computer sciences increasingly reference 'human-like' artificial intelligence and 'neuroAI'. However, the scope and use of the terms are often inconsistent. Contributed research ranges widely from mimicking behaviour, to testing machine learning methods as neurally plausible hypotheses at the cellular or functional levels, or solving engineering problems. However, it cannot be assumed nor expected that progress on one of these three goals will automatically translate to progress in others. Here, a simple rubric is proposed to clarify the scope of individual contributions, grounded in their commitments to human-like behaviour, neural plausibility or benchmark/engineering/computer science goals. This is clarified using examples of weak and strong neuroAI and human-like agents, and discussing the generative, corroborate and corrective ways in which the three dimensions interact with one another. The author maintains that future progress in artificial intelligence will need strong interactions across the disciplines, with iterative feedback loops and meticulous validity tests—leading to both known and yet-unknown advances that may span decades to come. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'New approaches to 3D vision'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial Intelligence technology is being implemented in various industries, including healthcare, automotive, manufacturing, finance, and agriculture. It also supports these industries in overcoming traditional difficulties in increasing productivity and efficiency. Agricultural automation is a major source of concern and a hot topic around the world. The world's population is rapidly growing, and it comes with increased demand for food and work. The farmers' traditional practices are not sufficient to meet these objectives. In this paper it is examined how computer science is used in the farming and agricultural industries. An agricultural production system is being forced into a replacement paradigm, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rapid population growth, shrinking farmland, depleting natural resources, erratic climate change, and shifting market demands are all contributing to this trend. The new agricultural system must be more productive in terms of production, more efficient in terms of operation, more resilient to global climate change, and more sustainable for future generations to be effective and sustainable. When it comes to processing data and generating patterns, deep learning is a synthetic intelligence function that mimics the human brain. Deep learning can be utilized in decision-making since it mimics how the brain works. Image processing and huge data analysis are among the advanced techniques that have tremendous potential in this field. Numerous applications of deep learning techniques are being explored in agriculture, including disease detection, fruit or plant classification, and agricultural management processes, among other things. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a fast-growing research area in computer science that aims to mimic cognitive processes through a number of techniques. Supervised machine learning, a subfield of AI, includes methods that can identify patterns in high-dimensional data using labeled 'ground truth' data and apply these learnt patterns to analyze, interpret, or make predictions on new datasets. Supervised machine learning has become a significant area of interest within the medical community. Radiology and neuroradiology in particular are especially well suited for application of machine learning due to the vast amount of data that is generated. One devastating disease for which neuroimaging plays a significant role in the clinical management is stroke. Within this context, AI techniques can play pivotal roles for image-based diagnosis and management of stroke. This overview focuses on the recent advances of artificial intelligence methods – particularly supervised machine learning and deep learning – with respect to workflow, image acquisition and reconstruction, and image interpretation in patients with acute stroke, while also discussing potential pitfalls and future applications. • Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a growing subfield of computer science that aims to mimic cognitive processes through a number of techniques. • Superficial AI, which is comprised of techniques that learn patterns with the use of labels of 'ground truth' data, have become a significant area of interest within the medical community. As images are, in essence, volumes of mineable data, radiology is a field of medicine particularly well suited to supervised AI techniques. • AI techniques could play pivotal roles in neuroradiology, particular in the diagnosis and management of time sensitive diseases such as stroke. • Several AI techniques, comprised of machine and deep learning methods, have shown incredible promise as an adjunct to a neuroradiologist's workflow, particularly within stroke imaging. • Although encouraging, there are data protection and medicolegal implications that must be considered for widespread clinical use of AI techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence is one of the hottest research topics in computer science. In general, when it comes to the needs to perform deep learning, the most intuitive and unique implementation method is to use neural network. But there are two shortcomings in neural network. First, it is not easy to be understood. When encountering the needs for implementation, it often requires a lot of relevant research efforts to implement the neural network. Second, the structure is complex. When constructing a perfect learning structure, in order to achieve the fully defined connection between nodes, the overall structure becomes complicated. It is hard for developers to track the parameter changes inside. Therefore, the goal of this article is to provide a more streamlined method so as to perform deep learning. A modified high-level fuzzy Petri net, called deep Petri net, is used to perform deep learning, in an attempt to propose a simple and easy structure and to track parameter changes, with faster speed than the deep neural network. The experimental results have shown that the deep Petri net performs better than the deep neural network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]