79,293 results
Search Results
202. Commentary on paper by Leroy C
- Author
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Denis Duboule
- Subjects
Male ,0303 health sciences ,MEDLINE ,Teratoma ,Historical Article ,Cell Biology ,Biology ,History, 20th Century ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Testicular Neoplasms ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Animals ,Humans ,Molecular Biology ,Classical Article ,Classics ,Embryoid Bodies ,030304 developmental biology ,Developmental Biology - Published
- 2019
203. A paper on the shortcomings of indian anesthesiology
- Author
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Mukilan Pari Shree and Latha Hari Sree
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Medical education ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Political science ,Anesthesiology ,medicine ,Cell Biology ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2019
204. Commentary on classic paper 'Gimlich, R.L., Gerhart, J.C., 1984. Early cellular interactions promote embryonic axis formation in Xenopus laevis. Dev Biol 104, 117-130.'
- Author
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Richard M. Harland
- Subjects
Embryo, Nonmammalian ,biology ,Xenopus ,Embryonic Development ,Cell Biology ,Cell Communication ,History, 20th Century ,biology.organism_classification ,Embryonic stem cell ,Cell biology ,Xenopus laevis ,Animals ,Molecular Biology ,Developmental Biology - Published
- 2019
205. Call for Papers: Strategies and Tactics in CNS Drug Synthesis
- Author
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Craig W. Lindsley
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,business.industry ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,MEDLINE ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Drug synthesis ,medicine ,Humans ,Periodicals as Topic ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,Editorial Policies ,Central Nervous System Agents - Published
- 2019
206. On zombie papers
- Author
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Enrico M. Bucci
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,lcsh:Cytology ,Immunology ,Zombie ,Comment ,MEDLINE ,Library science ,Cell Biology ,lcsh:QH573-671 ,Bibliometrics ,Biology ,Scientific misconduct - Published
- 2019
207. Two-dimensional paper chromatography-based fluorescent immunosensor for detecting acute myocardial infarction markers
- Author
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Rak-Sun Mok, Min-Ha Kim, Jin-Woo Jeon, Se-Hwan Paek, Jung-Hwan Cho, Guei-Sam Lim, and Chan-Young Chai
- Subjects
Analyte ,Chromatography, Paper ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Myocardial Infarction ,Signal-To-Noise Ratio ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Troponin I ,medicine ,Humans ,Myocardial infarction ,Fluorescent Dyes ,Detection limit ,Immunoassay ,Reproducibility ,Chromatography ,Chemistry ,Reproducibility of Results ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Fluorescence ,Paper chromatography ,Myoglobin ,Linear Models ,Biomarkers - Abstract
A novel washing scheme following antigen-antibody reactions with analyte was used during construction of a fluorescent immunosensor to resolve the background problem in the lateral flow assay with human serum. An immuno-membrane strip was devised to simultaneously measure cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatinine kinase-MB isoform (CK-MB), and myoglobin to diagnose acute myocardial infarction. This strip was then installed within a cartridge containing a built-in washing solution tank, which was used to supply the solution across the signal generation pad of the strip after the immune reactions. Such cross-flow washing was initiated by onset-signaling from the internal control and began to run automatically upon sample addition. Under optimal conditions, the immunosensor displayed a stably suppressed background baseline, enabling us to attain a low detection limit for cTnI (0.05 ng/mL) as well as favorable reproducibility for repetitive measurements (relative standard deviation10%). No interference was observed among the different complex formations at the respective analyte sites, and no artifacts were caused by sample matrices. We tested the performance relationship with the Pathfast reference system for positive serum samples (36 for cTnI, 58 for CK-MB, and 17 for myoglobin), and the correlation coefficients were0.98. This result suggests that the new immunosensor system based on two-dimensional chromatography can be used for clinical testing.
- Published
- 2014
208. Stability measurements of antibodies stored on paper
- Author
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Grace Wu, Jaya Srivastava, and Muhammad H. Zaman
- Subjects
Paper ,Integrin beta Chains ,Preservation, Biological ,Biophysics ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Biochemistry ,Stability (probability) ,Antibodies ,Excipients ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Animals ,Humans ,Process engineering ,Molecular Biology ,Reliability (statistics) ,Reproducibility ,Chromatography ,Temperature control ,Filter paper ,business.industry ,Chemistry ,Protein Stability ,Mean fluorescence intensity ,Micropore Filters ,Cell Biology ,Device use ,Flow Cytometry ,Reagent ,Immunoglobulin G ,Fluorescein ,Indicators and Reagents ,Interleukin-4 ,business - Abstract
Reagent storage has been a long-standing challenge for diagnostics, especially those designed for low-resource settings and point-of-care applications. In general, the stability of a reagent relies on careful temperature control, often by refrigeration, which is costly and often unavailable in these remote settings. Poor reagent integrity can negatively affect the reproducibility and reliability of an assay. Given the recent interest in paper-based devices designed for quantitative analysis in point-of-care settings, a better understanding of reagent stability on filter paper is critical for proper device use and its longevity. In this article, we present an independent method to examine the stability of reconstituted antibodies that were stored on filter paper using flow cytometry. We validated the method by measuring the activity as measured by the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of antibodies stored with known stabilizers. Furthermore, we demonstrated the potential of our method to screen the influence of other paper treatments and storage processes on antibody stability, which may be applicable to the storage of reagents on paper in general.
- Published
- 2013
209. ISEV position paper: extracellular vesicle RNA analysis and bioinformatics
- Author
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Stefano Pluchino, Lorraine O'Driscoll, D. Michiel Pegtel, Tommaso Leonardi, Andrew F. Hill, Dmitry Ter-Ovanesyan, Esther N. M. Nolte-‘t Hoen, Ulrike Lambertz, Pathology, and CCA - Oncogenesis
- Subjects
Histology ,Biology ,Bioinformatics ,Extracellular vesicles ,Deep sequencing ,deep sequencing ,evRNA ,RNA ,bioinformatics ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,RNA analysis ,Extracellular ,lcsh:QH573-671 ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,lcsh:Cytology ,Vesicle ,Cell Biology ,Extracellular vesicle ,Microvesicles ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Position Paper ,extracellular vesicles - Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are the collective term for the various vesicles that are released by cells into the extracellular space. Such vesicles include exosomes and microvesicles, which vary by their size and/or protein and genetic cargo. With the discovery that EVs contain genetic material in the form of RNA (evRNA) has come the increased interest in these vesicles for their potential use as sources of disease biomarkers and potential therapeutic agents. Rapid developments in the availability of deep sequencing technologies have enabled the study of EV-related RNA in detail. In October 2012, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) held a workshop on “evRNA analysis and bioinformatics.” Here, we report the conclusions of one of the roundtable discussions where we discussed evRNA analysis technologies and provide some guidelines to researchers in the field to consider when performing such analysis.Keywords: extracellular vesicles; deep sequencing; evRNA; RNA; bioinformatics(Published: 23 December 2013)Citation: Journal of Extracellular Vesicles 2013, 2: 22859 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/jev.v2i0.22859
- Published
- 2013
210. How much is my paper worth?
- Author
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Jonathan Chernoff
- Subjects
Publishing ,Communication ,Research Support as Topic ,Science ,Perspective ,Publications ,MEDLINE ,Cell Biology ,Biology ,Journal Impact Factor ,Molecular Biology ,Data science - Abstract
For scientific research to have an impact, its findings need to be communicated. Usually, such communications take the form of published papers in a journal. Given that most papers are rarely cited, yet consume a great deal of a scientist’s time, treasure, and talent, the value of scientific publication as an enterprise merits consideration. What is a paper really worth? In this Perspective, I consider three potential values: career, science, and society.
- Published
- 2019
211. A two-step procedure for extracting genomic DNA from dried blood spots on filter paper for polymerase chain reaction amplification
- Author
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Qian Fang, Huitong Zhou, and Jon G.H. Hickford
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Blood Specimen Collection ,Sheep ,Chromatography ,Filter paper ,Spots ,Chemistry ,Sample (material) ,Biophysics ,Multiple displacement amplification ,DNA ,Genomics ,Cell Biology ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Biochemistry ,Molecular biology ,DNA extraction ,Polymerase chain reaction optimization ,Multiplex polymerase chain reaction ,Animals ,Sodium Hydroxide ,Molecular Biology ,Hot start PCR - Abstract
based diagnostic tests. Traditionally alarge volume of blood is collected in tubes and DNA isextracted from white blood cells using a phenol–chloro-form method [1] or a “salting-out” rapid puri Wcation proce-dure [2]. While these methods are able to provide milligramquantities of puriWed DNA, this amount generally exceedsthat required for successful PCR and the methods are alsomore time consuming and expensive, and hence less suit-able for rapid PCR diagnosis, especially for multiple bloodsamples.The use of dried blood spots on Wlter paper becomes anattractive alternative to blood collection in tubes for PCRanalyses. First, only a small amount of blood is needed, andimmediate processing is not required. Second, there are notransfer steps once the blood is applied onto the paper andhence the chance for mislabeling or sample mixing is low.Third, sample transport and storage for dried blood spots iseasy and less expensive. As a result of these advantages, col-lection of blood on Wlter paper has been widely used for thePCR-based genetic screening [3–5].As blood samples contain a variety of substances thatmay inhibit PCR, separation of these substances fromDNA is generally necessary prior to ampli Wcation. To over-come this problem, a number of methods have been devel-oped for DNA extraction from dried blood spots on Wlterpaper, including the methanol method [6], the protease Kmethod [7], the Chelex-100 method [8], and the TE method[9]. Commercial products are also available, such as FTAcards and puriWcation reagent (Whatman, Middlesex, UK),but these products are relatively expensive, and the puriW-cation procedure requires multiple washing steps. Multisteppipetting is not only time consuming and incompatible withlarge numbers of samples, but will also increase the likeli-hood of cross-contamination.In this paper, we describe a simple but eYcient method(called the NaOH method in short) for extracting genomicDNA from dried blood samples stored for up to 5 years,which involves only one step of incubation in 20mMNaOH solution followed by a single wash with TE
- Published
- 2006
212. White paper on guidelines concerning enteric nervous system stem cell therapy for enteric neuropathies
- Author
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Burns, A.J., Goldstein, A.M., Newgreen, D.F., Stamp, L., Schäfer, K.H., Metzger, M., Hotta, R., Young, H.M., Andrews, P.W., Thapar, N., Belkind-Gerson, J., Bondurand, N., Bornstein, J.C., Chan, W.Y., Cheah, K., Gershon, M.D., Heuckeroth, R.O., Hofstra, R.M., Just, L., Kapur, R.P., King, S.K., McCann, C.J., Nagy, N., Ngan, E., Obermayr, F., Pachnis, V., Pasricha, P.J., Sham, M.H., Tam, P., Berghe, P.V., Publica, Surgery, and Clinical Genetics
- Subjects
Hirschsprung disease ,cell replacement therapy ,Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ,Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ,Guidelines as Topic ,Cell Biology ,Article ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Disease Models, Animal ,enteric nervous system ,Neural Stem Cells ,stem cells ,ddc:570 ,Animals ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,enteric neuropathies ,Molecular Biology ,Stem Cell Transplantation ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Over the last 20 years, there has been increasing focus on the development of novel stem cell based therapies for the treatment of disorders and diseases affecting the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the gastrointestinal tract (so-called enteric neuropathies). Here, the idea is that ENS progenitor/stem cells could be transplanted into the gut wall to replace the damaged or absent neurons and glia of the ENS. This White Paper sets out experts’ views on the commonly used methods and approaches to identify, isolate, purify, expand and optimize ENS stem cells, transplant them into the bowel, and assess transplant success, including restoration of gut function. We also highlight obstacles that must be overcome in order to progress from successful preclinical studies in animal models to ENS stem cell therapies in the clinic.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
213. Western Blotting of Formaldehyde-Fixed Neuropeptides as Small as 400 Daltons on Gelatin-Coated Nitrocellulose Paper
- Author
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P.R. Murphy, Roger P. Croll, and Catherine K.L. Too
- Subjects
Paper ,Chromatography, Paper ,Blotting, Western ,Biophysics ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Biochemistry ,Antibodies ,Iodine Radioisotopes ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Western blot ,Formaldehyde ,medicine ,Animals ,FMRFamide ,Staphylococcal Protein A ,Southwestern blot ,Paraformaldehyde ,Molecular Biology ,Lymnaea ,Brain Chemistry ,Gel electrophoresis ,Neurotransmitter Agents ,Poecilia ,Chromatography ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Neuropeptides ,Collodion ,Cell Biology ,Primary and secondary antibodies ,Molecular biology ,Ganglia, Invertebrate ,Molecular Weight ,Blot ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Gelatin ,Rabbits ,Nitrocellulose ,Enkephalin, Leucine - Abstract
A method is described for Western blotting of peptides as small as 400 daltons (Da). Peptides were separated by tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis and electroblotted to gelatin-coated PH79 nitrocellulose paper (0.1 micron). The electroblotted peptides were fixed to the nitrocellulose paper for 5-10 min in 4% paraformaldehyde solution. Using anti-rabbit FMRF-amide (Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2) as primary antibody, positive immunoreactivity was detected with an amplified alkaline phosphatase assay which was sensitive to at least 0.5 microgram FMRFamide/lane. When immunoreactivity was determined with 125I-protein A, it was possible to amplify and detect weak signals by increasing the autoradiography time. Therefore, using the 125I-protein A detection method, Western blot analysis of brain extracts from Lymnaea stagnalis (pond snail) and Poecilia reticulata (guppy) indicated the presence of four FMRFamide immunoreactive bands after a 7-day exposure to X-ray film. The most abundant peptide coelectrophoresed with the FMRFamide standard (M(r) 598.8 Da). In addition, this Western blotting procedure also detected APGWamide (Ala-Pro-Gly-Try-NH2; 428.5 Da) and [D-Ala2]-Leu-enkephalinamide (568.7 Da) with their respective specific antibodies.
- Published
- 1994
214. Comment on the paper 'Electrokinetically modulated peristaltic transport of power-law fluids, Prakash Goswami, Jeevanjyoti Chakraborty, Aditya Bandopadhyay, Suman Chakraborty, Microvascular Research 103 (2016) 41–54'
- Author
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Asterios Pantokratoras
- Subjects
Physics ,Peristalsis ,Cell Biology ,Mechanics ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Biochemistry ,ADITYA - Abstract
In the above paper, some basic equations are wrong.
- Published
- 2020
215. Suitability of Some Local Bast Fibre Plants in Pulp and Paper Making
- Author
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O. F. Olotuah
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Pulp (paper) ,engineering ,Bast fibre ,Molecular Medicine ,Cell Biology ,engineering.material ,Pulp and paper industry ,Mathematics - Published
- 2006
216. Review Paper:current Trends in Biocompatibility Testing.
- Author
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Kirkpatrick, C J, Bittinger, F, Wagner, M, Köhler, H, van Kooten, T G, Klein, C L, and Otto, M
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BIOCOMPATIBILITY ,BIOMEDICAL materials ,MOLECULAR biology - Abstract
Biocompatibility remains the central theme for biomaterials applications in medicine. It is generally accepted that this term means not only absence of a cytotoxic effect but also positive effects in the sense of biofunctionality, i.e. promotion of biological processes which further the intended aim of the application of a biomaterial. The national and international standards for testing regimes represent a lowest common denominator for such applications and do not necessarily ensure that optimal function will be achieved. The authors' thesis is that biocompatibility testing has scope for extensive development with respect to biofunctionality. The present paper reviews current trends in the in vitro aspects of biocompatibility testing. As well as a critical appraisal of the recent literature, future trends are also stressed, which the authors regard as essential for a meaningful integration of a modern biological approach into new developments in the material sciences. These include the application of modern techniques of cell and molecular biology, the concepts of tissue remodelling, hybrid organ development and encapsulated cell technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
217. Society of toxicologic pathology position paper: review series: assessment of circulating hormones in nonclinical toxicity studies: general concepts and considerations
- Author
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Mary E. Gilbert, Rogely W. Boyce, Thomas J. Rosol, Duncan C. Ferguson, Robert E. Chapin, Dianne M. Creasy, Håkan Andersson, Charles E. Wood, and Dinesh Stanislaus
- Subjects
Research design ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Biomedical Research ,business.industry ,Interpretation (philosophy) ,Cell Biology ,Toxicology ,Hormones ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Research Design ,Toxicity Tests ,medicine ,Position paper ,Animals ,Humans ,Female ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Hormone - Abstract
This is an introductory paper to a series of papers intended to provide the basis for understanding the contribution of endocrine axis disruption or dysfunction to the pathogenesis of morphological findings and to aid in the interpretation of study outcomes. This is the first in this series of guidance papers prepared by the Working Group and outlines general concepts of study design and assay conduct and validation for hormone studies in general.
- Published
- 2012
218. Translating to the Community (T2C): a protocol paper describing the development of Canada's first social epigenetic FASD biobank
- Author
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Ana Hanlon-Dearman, Brenda Elias, Geoffrey G. Hicks, and Betty Head
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Canada ,Adolescent ,Diagnostic tools ,Biochemistry ,Indigenous ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,03 medical and health sciences ,Humans ,Child ,Molecular Biology ,Biological Specimen Banks ,Protocol (science) ,Medical education ,Corporate governance ,Cell Biology ,Biobank ,030104 developmental biology ,Biorepository ,Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ,General partnership ,Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,Psychology - Abstract
Translating to the Community (T2C) is a social biorepository designed to advance new diagnostic tools and realign community–clinical processes, with the aim to mitigate the short- and long-term impacts of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) as well as prenatal alcohol exposure and its co-morbidities and behaviors. In this paper, we describe the evolution of this repository as a new translational partnership to advance a precision-medicine approach to FASD. Key to its evolution was a partnership between academic researchers, Indigenous communities, families, and a regional diagnostic clinic. We further describe the rationale for social biobanking, the type of banking, ethical engagement of families, communities, and clinics, their roles in repository design, governance, translation, and research activities, types of data collected from families, and how the study data are managed, reported, and accessed. The repository design includes biological samples, social-contextual health-survey data, and clinical data (which are linkable to administrative data) from community and clinical cohorts of diagnosed children, children prenatally exposed but not diagnosed, children suspected to have had a prenatal exposure, and related siblings, biological parents, and unrelated children and their parents. From these cohorts and families, potential studies drawing on this data will shed light on various risk factors, social and biological pathways, and service utilization issues, with the aim to implement primary and secondary prevention and intervention strategies.
- Published
- 2018
219. Status and perspectives of neuroprotective therapies in glaucoma: the European Glaucoma Society White Paper
- Author
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Franz Grehn, Ernst R. Tamm, and Leopold Schmetterer
- Subjects
Research Report ,Retinal Ganglion Cells ,Intraocular pressure ,Optics and Photonics ,Histology ,genetic structures ,Glaucoma ,Apoptosis ,Neuroprotection ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Translational Research, Biomedical ,White paper ,medicine ,Humans ,Societies, Medical ,Blindness ,business.industry ,Cell Biology ,Congresses as Topic ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,Europe ,Neuroprotective Agents ,Disease Progression ,Treatment strategy ,Optometry ,sense organs ,business ,Biomarkers ,Stem Cell Transplantation - Abstract
Glaucoma, a chronic progressive neuropathy and the most frequent cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is commonly treated by medication or surgery aimed at lowering intraocular pressure. In view of the limited therapeutic options, the European Glaucoma Society (EGS) sponsored two Think Tank Meetings with the goal of assessing the current status and the overall perspectives for neuroprotective treatment strategies in glaucoma. The results of the meetings are summarized in this EGS White Paper.
- Published
- 2013
220. Papers of note in Nature 551 (7678)
- Author
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Annalisa M. VanHook
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Genetics ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Mechanism (biology) ,Cell Biology ,Epigenetics ,Biology ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Cell biology - Abstract
This week’s papers address the involvement of TGF-β signaling in the differentiation of T H 17 cells, a checkpoint that restrains the antitumor and antivirus activities of natural killer cells, and a mechanism for erasing a parental epigenetic memory in plant embryos.
- Published
- 2017
221. Oral Free Paper Sessions
- Author
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Olteanu Emilian, Przemyslaw Przewratil, Yulia Zhuravleva, Yulia Dergunova, Katarzyna Taran, Sandra Zekic Tomas, Ioana Mihai, Sameh Abou-Beih, Józef Kobos, Pavel G Malkov, Marcos Antonio Lima, Nina Oleynikova, and Olga Kharlova
- Subjects
Physics ,Abstracts ,Optics ,business.industry ,Second-harmonic generation ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Signal ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine - Published
- 2016
222. Plant Contributed Papers
- Author
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Steve W. Adkins, J. P. R. Naranjo, Mike Foale, Quang Thien Nguyen, I. Antonova, and Elizabeth A. B. Aitken
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Cocos nucifera ,Callus ,Botany ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Developmental Biology ,Explant culture - Published
- 2016
223. Paper strip whole cell biosensors: a portable test for the semiquantitative detection of bacterial quorum signaling molecules
- Author
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Sylvia Daunert, Anjali Kumari Struss, Nilesh Raut, C. Mark Ensor, and Patrizia Pasini
- Subjects
Paper ,Cell signaling ,Time Factors ,Virulence ,Nanotechnology ,Biosensing Techniques ,Bacterial cell structure ,Analytical Chemistry ,Lactones ,Escherichia coli ,Humans ,Saliva ,Reagent Strips ,biology ,Bacteria ,Chemistry ,Biofilm ,food and beverages ,Quorum Sensing ,Reproducibility of Results ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,biology.organism_classification ,beta-Galactosidase ,Cell biology ,Quorum sensing ,Calibration ,Whole cell ,Genetic Engineering ,Biosensor - Abstract
Herein, we report the development of a novel, inexpensive, and portable filter-paper-based strip biosensor for the detection of bacterial quorum sensing signaling molecules, N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs). AHLs are generally employed by Gram-negative bacteria for their cell-cell communication to control expression of specialized genes, such as those involved in biofilm formation and production of virulence factors, in a population-density-dependent manner. First, a bacterial cell-based sensing system employing components of AHL-mediated QS regulatory system as recognition elements and beta-galactosidase as the reporter protein was designed and developed. The bacterial-sensing cells were then liquid-dried on strips of filter paper. beta-Galactosidase as the reporter allows for the visual monitoring of the analyte-induced signal when a colorimetric method of detection is applied. The paper strip biosensor was able to detect low AHL concentrations down to 1 x 10(-8) M. Furthermore, it was successfully applied to the detection of AHLs in physiological samples, such as saliva. The filter-paper-based sensing strips could provide reproducible results upon storage at 4 degrees C for at least 3 months. In conclusion, a filter-paper-based strip biosensor was developed that allows for visual, fast, and convenient detection of AHLs in a dose-dependent manner in a test sample. In addition, it does not require expensive equipment or trained personnel and allows ease of transportation and storage. Therefore, we envision that this biosensor will serve as a simple and economical portable field kit for on-site monitoring of AHL in a variety of clinical and environmental samples.
- Published
- 2010
224. Filter paper equilibration as a novel technique for in vitro studies of the composition of airway surface fluid
- Author
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Paul M. Quinton and Liesbet Joris
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Agonist ,Surface Properties ,Physiology ,medicine.drug_class ,Scanning electron microscope ,Stimulation ,Physiology (medical) ,medicine ,Animals ,Horses ,Sympathomimetics ,Incubation ,Ion transporter ,Mucous Membrane ,Chromatography ,Filter paper ,Chemistry ,Pipette ,Cell Biology ,Anatomy ,Stimulation, Chemical ,Body Fluids ,Electrophysiology ,Trachea ,Parasympathomimetics ,Respiratory epithelium ,Filtration - Abstract
We describe techniques which we developed to study the composition and regulation of airway surface fluid (ASF). ASF from isolated equine tracheal mucosa was absorbed onto or equilibrated with small strips of ashless filter paper after timed incubations in a water-saturated, 37 degrees C environment. After expression of the fluid from the paper, constant-volume aliquots of the samples were pipetted with a microvolumetric pipette on a filmed grid, together with standards containing known concentrations for Na, Cl, K, Ca, S, and P. Analysis of the microdroplets by dispersive X-ray microanalysis on a scanning electron microscope demonstrated that ASF from "unstimulated" tracheal tissue is significantly altered compared with the Ringer solution which was used to rinse the mucosal surface before incubation, in that Na is significantly decreased (approximately 130 mM), whereas K is significantly increased (approximately 16 mM). Furthermore, when a beta-adrenergic agonist (isoproterenol 10(-4) M) was added to the serosal surface, the Na concentration significantly increased to values which approached Ringer solution (146 +/- 5.3 mM) and were significantly different compared with the Na values obtained in unstimulated tissues. In contrast, Na remained unchanged after addition of a cholinergic agonist (metacholine, 10(-4) M) to the serosal side of the tissue; however, as with beta-adrenergic stimulation, most other minor elements and especially K significantly decreased compared with their values in unstimulated tissue. These results clearly suggest that ASF composition is clearly controlled by active transport of the airway epithelium and may be influenced by neurohumoral stimulation.
- Published
- 1992
225. Xerographic paper as a transfer medium for Western blots: Quantification of bovine αS1-casein by Western blot
- Author
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Heng-Cherl Yom and Robert D. Bremel
- Subjects
Paper ,Sodium ,Blotting, Western ,Biophysics ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Biochemistry ,Mice ,Western blot ,Casein ,medicine ,Animals ,Molecular Biology ,αs1 casein ,Gel electrophoresis ,Chromatography ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Caseins ,Substrate (chemistry) ,Cell Biology ,Molecular biology ,Blot ,Milk ,chemistry ,Cattle ,Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ,Female ,Quantitative analysis (chemistry) - Abstract
We have found that xerographic paper (regular photocopy or laser printer paper) can be used as a transfer medium for protein blots for the immunodetection of low concentrations (a few nanograms) of bovine alpha S1-casein. With paper blotting, we could detect the protein with three times more sensitivity than with polyvinylidene difluoride. Blotting was achieved by transfer from sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to the methanol-wet paper. The blot was incubated with chicken anti-casein antibodies, sequentially peroxidase-labeled rabbit anti-chicken antibodies, and diaminobenzidine substrate. The blots were directly scanned and the pixel intensity of the band areas was integrated. An analysis of the scanned blots showed that the log of protein concentration was linearly related with the square root of an integrated pixel intensity (r2 greater than 0.96). This linear relationship was observed in a wide range of protein concentration from 5 ng to 15 micrograms. The coefficients of variation were 12.4% for intraassay and 15.7% for interassay. This new analytical procedure can be applied to estimate the concentration of proteins by immunological blotting.
- Published
- 1992
226. From Cell Stem Cell to Clinical Trials: The Biotech Journey of Two Papers
- Author
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Diana Crow
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,business.industry ,education ,Cell ,Cell Biology ,Biology ,humanities ,Biotechnology ,Clinical trial ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Genetics ,medicine ,Molecular Medicine ,Stem cell ,business - Abstract
How many of the authors who publish in Cell Stem Cell dream that their work will eventually wind up in the clinic? Probably quite a few. In the 10 years since its launch, Cell Stem Cell has featured many innovative discoveries, and several of them have gone on to become the seeds of burgeoning biotechnology companies with therapeutic aspirations. Two scientists who have seen that happen are Benjamin Reubinoff (Figure 1) and Derrick Rossi (Figure 2), both of whom led the clinical translation of technologies that made their public debut in Cell Stem Cell.
- Published
- 2017
227. Paper Withdrawn: Quercetin attenuates high glucose-induced injury in human retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 by up-regulation of miR-29b
- Author
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Xuejiao Wang, Hui Li, Jingyun Shi, and Hao Wang
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Downregulation and upregulation ,chemistry ,High glucose ,General Medicine ,Line (text file) ,Quercetin ,Retinal pigment epithelial cell ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Cell biology - Published
- 2020
228. Paper-supported 3D cell culture for tissue-based bioassays
- Author
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Tadanori Mammoto, Sindy K. Y. Tang, Ratmir Derda, Anna Laromaine, Donald E. Ingber, Akiko Mammoto, and George M. Whitesides
- Subjects
Paper ,Cell signaling ,Cell Survival ,Cell ,Cell Culture Techniques ,Cell Separation ,Biology ,Permeability ,Cell Line ,Extracellular matrix ,3D cell culture ,Mice ,In vivo ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Multidisciplinary ,Hydrogels ,Biological Sciences ,In vitro ,Cell biology ,Oxygen ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Cell culture ,Self-healing hydrogels ,Biological Assay - Abstract
Fundamental investigations of human biology, and the development of therapeutics, commonly rely on 2D cell-culture systems that do not accurately recapitulate the structure, function, or physiology of living tissues. Systems for 3D cultures exist but do not replicate the spatial distributions of oxygen, metabolites, and signaling molecules found in tissues. Microfabrication can create architecturally complex scaffolds for 3D cell cultures that circumvent some of these limitations; unfortunately, these approaches require instrumentation not commonly available in biology laboratories. Here we report that stacking and destacking layers of paper impregnated with suspensions of cells in extracellular matrix hydrogel makes it possible to control oxygen and nutrient gradients in 3D and to analyze molecular and genetic responses. Stacking assembles the “tissue”, whereas destacking disassembles it, and allows its analysis. Breast cancer cells cultured within stacks of layered paper recapitulate behaviors observed both in 3D tumor spheroids in vitro and in tumors in vivo: Proliferating cells in the stacks localize in an outer layer a few hundreds of microns thick, and growth-arrested, apoptotic, and necrotic cells concentrate in the hypoxic core where hypoxia-sensitive genes are overexpressed. Altering gas permeability at the ends of stacks controlled the gradient in the concentration of the O 2 and was sufficient by itself to determine the distribution of viable cells in 3D. Cell cultures in stacked, paper-supported gels offer a uniquely flexible approach to study cell responses to 3D molecular gradients and to mimic tissue- and organ-level functions.
- Published
- 2009
229. The Third Lens: Metaphor and the Creation of Modern Cell Biology. By Andrew S. Reynolds. Chicago (Illinois): University of Chicago Press. $90.00 (hardcover); $30.00 (paper). ix + 267 p.; ill.; index. ISBN: 978-0-226-56312-1 (hc); 978-0-226-56326-8 (pb); 978-0-226-56343-5 (eb). 2018
- Author
-
Kate MacCord
- Subjects
Cell and molecular biology ,Biology ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Cell biology - Published
- 2020
230. 2019 Cytoskeleton Paper of the Year: A revised order of subunits in mammalian septin complexes
- Author
-
Patricia Wadsworth
- Subjects
Structural Biology ,Revised order ,Animals ,Cell Biology ,Biology ,Septin ,Cytoskeleton ,History, 21st Century ,Microtubules ,Cell biology - Published
- 2020
231. Call for Special Issue Papers: Viral Oncolysis
- Author
-
Jennifer Fernandes
- Subjects
MEDLINE ,Genetics ,Neoplasms therapy ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Biology ,Bioinformatics ,Molecular Biology ,Oncolytic virus - Published
- 2020
232. Enhanced filter paper enzyme assay for high-throughput population screening for Fabry disease
- Author
-
Jeffrey A. Medin, Armando G. Poeppl, and Gary J. Murray
- Subjects
Biophysics ,Biochemistry ,Mice ,Methods ,Animals ,Humans ,Mass Screening ,Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Throughput (business) ,Mass screening ,Mice, Knockout ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Alpha-galactosidase ,biology ,Filter paper ,business.industry ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Fabry disease ,Enzyme assay ,Enzymes ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,alpha-Galactosidase ,biology.protein ,Fabry Disease ,Population screening ,business - Published
- 2005
233. The Path to My Lab’s First Paper: Rong Lu, Alvaro Rada-Iglesias, and Jennifer Phillips-Cremins
- Author
-
Jennifer Phillips-Cremins
- Subjects
Genetics ,Molecular Medicine ,Cell Biology - Published
- 2016
234. Charcoal filter paper improves the viability of cryopreserved filamentous ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic Basidiomycota and Ascomycota
- Author
-
Hans-Peter Klenk, J. Benjamin Stielow, Markus Göker, Peter Hoffmann, and Lea A. I. Vaas
- Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases ,0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Paper ,Mycelial cord ,Physiology ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Cryopreservation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Ascomycota ,Mycorrhizae ,Botany ,Genetics ,Charcoal ,Axenic ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Mycelium ,Microbial Viability ,biology ,Axenic Culture ,Basidiomycota ,food and beverages ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,030108 mycology & parasitology ,Straw ,biology.organism_classification ,Culture Media ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium - Abstract
We assessed viability of 18 strains of filamentous ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic basid-iomycetes and ascomycetes after cryopreservation with a novel technique based on charcoal filter paper strips (CFS). The results indicate that axenic fungal cultures grown on CFS recovered from freezing within a few days, even though none survived cryopreservation by the conventional straw method. Fungal growth on CFS was more vigorous, with morphological differentiations such as rhizomorphs and an increased amount of aerial mycelia compared to the unamended culture media. Accordingly CFS allows the cryopreservation of a wide range of rare and important ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi, which hitherto were difficult to revive from liquid nitrogen storage with the conventional and widely applied straw technique.
- Published
- 2011
235. Toxicologic Pathology Forum Opinion Paper*: Recommendations for a Tiered Approach to Nonclinical Mechanistic Nephrotoxicity Evaluation
- Author
-
Daniela Ennulat, Michael A. Ringenberg, and Kendall S. Frazier
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ,Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ,Toxicology ,Kidney ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Nephrotoxicity ,Investigative Techniques ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Renal injury ,Toxicity Tests ,Kidney injury ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Intensive care medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Potential mechanism ,business.industry ,Cell Biology ,Acute Kidney Injury ,Tiered approach ,030104 developmental biology ,Drug development ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Biological Assay ,business ,Clinical risk factor ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Nephrotoxicity is one of the more common causes of attrition in nonclinical drug development. Like most tissues, the kidney has a limited number of ways of responding to toxicological insults from diverse mechanistic pathways, which can limit the ability to determine mechanisms of renal injury using the assays routinely performed in preclinical toxicologic studies. In situations where the renal injury is unusual in morphology or if a therapeutic margin is low, additional investigative techniques may be needed to identify a potential mechanism of toxicity in order to inform clinical risk assessment or establish human relevance and translatability of the toxicity. While routine microscopic evaluation can suggest a specific pathogenesis, understanding the mechanism of renal injury often requires additional hypothesis-driven investigations and specialized techniques to obtain the data necessary to identify a nephrotoxic mechanism. Nonclinical mechanistic investigations can be resource-intensive and often yield limited new information. Although there are multiple avenues to investigate renal toxicity, no single mechanistic study or prescriptive battery of tests will identify the pathophysiologic basis for every potential mechanism of renal injury. To aid the nonclinical investigator, we outline a tiered approach for prioritizing investigations to provide a rational and linear road map for the exploration of mechanisms of drug-induced kidney injury. [Box: see text]
- Published
- 2018
236. Reviewed paper on biology of the Calpain proteolytic system
- Author
-
Javed Ahmed Ujan
- Subjects
biology ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,biology.protein ,Calpain ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Cell biology - Published
- 2018
237. Protocol to accompany paper entitled 'Pharmacological characterization of crotamine effects on mice hind limb paralysis employing both ex vivo and in vivo assays: insights into the involvement of voltage-gated ion channels in the crotamine action on skelet v1
- Author
-
Sunamita Lima
- Subjects
Crotamine ,Voltage-gated ion channel ,In vivo ,Chemistry ,Paralysis ,medicine ,Hindlimb ,medicine.symptom ,Ex vivo ,Cell biology - Published
- 2018
238. Protocol to accompany paper entitled 'Alternative splicing of helicase-like transcription factor (Hltf): Intron retention-dependent activation of immune tolerance at the feto-maternal interface' v1
- Author
-
Kaur G, Helmer RA, Smith LA, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Dufour JM, and Chilton BS
- Subjects
Transcriptome ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Helicase-Like Transcription Factor ,Placenta ,DNA methylation ,Alternative splicing ,medicine ,Intron ,Biology ,HLTF ,Cell biology ,Immune tolerance - Abstract
Helicase-like transcription factor is regulated by alternative mRNA splicing. Global deletion of Hltf causes perinatal lethality, i.e. 75% die of hypoglycemia
- Published
- 2018
239. Mobile Application vs Paper Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart to Track Menses in Young Women: A Randomized Cross-over Design
- Author
-
Sarah H. O'Brien, Myra Christian-Rancy, Sara K. Vesely, and Amanda E. Jacobson
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,020205 medical informatics ,Adolescent ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Immunology ,Psychological intervention ,02 engineering and technology ,computer.software_genre ,Biochemistry ,Medical Records ,Menstruation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Patient satisfaction ,Chart ,Recall bias ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Medicine ,Humans ,Vaginal bleeding ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,Menorrhagia ,Menstrual cycle ,media_common ,Cross-Over Studies ,Multimedia ,business.industry ,System usability scale ,Medical record ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Cell Biology ,Hematology ,Satisfaction questionnaire ,General Medicine ,Crossover study ,Mobile Applications ,Patient Satisfaction ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Physical therapy ,Patient Compliance ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,computer - Abstract
Background Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is the most common symptom for women with bleeding disorders. Major barriers to performing research in this field are difficulties in quantifying and tracking changes in menstrual bleeding, particularly in adolescents. The Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart (PBAC) score is often used to quantify severity of menstrual bleeding1. However, the traditional paper diary PBAC score is fraught with recall bias and compliance issues in adolescents. Utilizing mobile applications (apps) has great potential for improving health by assisting with behavior modification and disease self-management. Additionally, mobile apps can serve as a valuable medical research tool by facilitating rapid reporting. Objectives We developed a mobile app version of the PBAC score to enable adolescents to report and quantify menstrual bleeding. We evaluated patient satisfaction and compliance with mobile app reporting as compared to paper reporting. We hypothesized that adolescents would be compliant with mobile app reporting and would prefer this method over paper reporting. Methods This study was a randomized cross-over study of 25 post-menarchal females ages 13-21 years seen in the Hematology Clinics at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio. Inclusion criteria included: history of regularly occurring menstrual cycle and possession of a mobile application capable device (smart phone) with continuous service expected. Non-English speaking patients and patients intending to start a hormonal agent that may fully suppress menstrual bleeding were excluded. Subjects agreed to track menstrual bleeding in two consecutive menstrual cycles and were randomized to using the PBAC paper diary or the PBAC mobile app format first. At the end of each cycle, a 10-point response scale satisfaction questionnaire and a system usability scale (mobile app only) assessed the acceptability of the format of the diary used. Weekly email reminders were sent in both groups. Mobile device notifications and reminders were used in the mobile app group. To compare the satisfaction survey results, the Hills and Armitage method for analyzing cross-over data was used which included evaluation of period effect, group effect, and their interaction using a series of independent t-tests. Results The 25 subjects enrolled had a median age of 15 years (range 13-21 years). Eleven (44%) had identified bleeding disorders. Twenty-two (88%) could use phones in school. Subjects' PBAC scores did not have significant variability between the paper diary (median PBAC=95) and the mobile app (median PBAC=114). There was a median number of 2 entry times per day in both groups. There was no significant difference in the number of app entries subjects reported to study staff and the actual number recorded in the app. For the mobile app, twenty subjects (80%) had high compliance for reporting bleeding symptoms (app entries for >80% of cycle duration). There were no subjects with low compliance (app entries for Discussion This study demonstrated that a PBAC mobile app as compared to the PBAC paper diary was the preferred method of recording menstrual bleeding in adolescents and demonstrated feasibility as a research data collection tool. The app received stronger satisfaction scores and overall compliance was high. A PBAC mobile app is unique compared to publicly available apps because it allows girls and women to quantify their heaviness of flow during menses. Most menstrual tracking apps only track length of cycles or use qualitative assessments of bleeding. In a clinical setting, data from the PBAC app can allow providers to see real-time bleeding symptoms allowing for adjustments in therapy. 1Higham JM, O'Brien PM, Shaw RW. Assessment of menstrual blood loss using a pictorial chart. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1990:97(8):734-739. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
- Published
- 2017
240. Papers of note in Science Translational Medicine 9 (420)
- Author
-
Leslie K. Ferrarelli
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Engineering ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,Translational medicine ,Cell Biology ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Biochemistry ,stomatognathic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,mental disorders ,Engineering ethics ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,business ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
This week’s articles describe ways to treat scleroderma and schizophrenia.
- Published
- 2017
241. Papers of note in Nature 552 (7684)
- Author
-
John F. Foley
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Life span ,Chemistry ,Cell Biology ,Biochemistry ,RNA polymerase III ,Cell biology ,Fight-or-flight response ,Adherens junction ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Endothelial barrier ,Amyloid aggregation ,Molecular Biology ,Ion channel - Abstract
This week’s articles showed that enhancing a mitochondrial stress response reduced amyloid aggregation in mice; solved the structure of the ion channel TRPM4; found a role for NOTCH1 in the assembly of adherens junctions and endothelial barrier maintenance; and showed that RNA polymerase III limits life span in worms and flies.
- Published
- 2017
242. Papers of note in Science 358 (6368)
- Author
-
Annalisa M. VanHook
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Cell Biology ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
This week’s articles report that inhibiting the ion channel TRPC5 prevents the loss of podocytes in rat models of kidney disease.
- Published
- 2017
243. Papers of note in Science Immunology 2 (17)
- Author
-
John F. Foley
- Subjects
fungi ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Cell Biology ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
This month’s articles show how a hypha-associated fungal peptide triggers an antifungal immune response and how the lipid PIP 2 sustains B cell receptor signaling.
- Published
- 2017
244. ACS Chemical Neuroscience: Most Cited Papers from 2016
- Author
-
Craig W. Lindsley
- Subjects
Cognitive science ,Physiology ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Psychology ,Biochemistry - Published
- 2017
245. The Herbert Tabor Best Paper Awards: Celebrating young authors who contribute top content to JBC
- Author
-
Lila M. Gierasch and George N. DeMartino
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Polymer science ,MEDLINE ,Awards and Prizes ,Library science ,Cell Biology ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Editorial ,Sociology ,Periodicals as Topic ,Content (Freudian dream analysis) ,Molecular Biology - Published
- 2017
246. Prenatal diagnosis of propionic acidemia by measuring methylcitric acid in dried amniotic fluid on filter paper using GC/MS
- Author
-
Yoshito Inoue, Toshihiro Shinka, Morimasa Ohse, and Tomiko Kuhara
- Subjects
congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,Amniotic fluid ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Prenatal diagnosis ,Biochemistry ,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Prenatal Diagnosis ,medicine ,Humans ,Citrates ,Propionic acidemia ,Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors ,Fetus ,Chromatography ,Filter paper ,Chemistry ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Amniotic Fluid ,Inborn error of metabolism ,Methylcitric acid ,Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry ,Propionates - Abstract
Propionic acidemia is a frequent inborn error of metabolism. Methylcitric acid, a key indicator of propionic acidemia, increases in the amniotic fluid of affected fetuses. For prenatal diagnosis, the methylcitric acid in amniotic fluid can be measured by stable-isotope dilution GC/MS. Here, we quantified this indicator in samples of amniotic fluid that had been dried on filter paper and transported at ambient temperatures, and compared the results with data obtained from the original amniotic fluid. We then used the filter-paper method to screen at-risk fetuses and obtained a clear-cut diagnosis in each case.
- Published
- 2007
247. Direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from human whole blood and filter-paper-dried blood by using a PCR buffer with a higher pH
- Author
-
Ying Bu, Guohua Zhou, and Huan Huang
- Subjects
Genotype ,Biophysics ,Biology ,Buffers ,Biochemistry ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,law.invention ,Electrophoresis, Microchip ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,law ,Humans ,Molecular Biology ,Genotyping ,Polymerase chain reaction ,Whole blood ,Filter paper ,Genome, Human ,Micropore Filters ,Cell Biology ,DNA ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Molecular biology ,DNA extraction ,Electrophoresis ,genomic DNA ,Blood ,chemistry - Abstract
We described a novel approach to directly amplify genomic DNA from whole blood and dried blood spotted on filter paper without any DNA isolation by using the PCR buffer with a higher pH, which was optimized as pH 9.1-9.6. Direct PCR on blood treated with various anticoagulants showed that the buffer worked well with the blood treated by citrate, EDTA, or heparinate. DNA fragments with different lengths could be efficiently amplified directly from various forms of blood samples. By coupling the buffer with tetra-PCR, a "true" single-tube genotyping was realized by using whole blood or paper-dried blood as starting material.
- Published
- 2007
248. A field-adapted HPLC method for determination of amodiaquine and its metabolite in whole blood dried on filter paper
- Author
-
Lars L. Gustafsson, Olof Beck, Margarita Mahindi, Jasper Ogwal-Okeng, and Muhammad Ntale
- Subjects
Chromatography ,Time Factors ,Filter paper ,Chemistry ,Metabolite ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Aqueous two-phase system ,Amodiaquine ,Reproducibility of Results ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Biochemistry ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Analytical Chemistry ,Absorbance ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Antimalarials ,Calibration ,Humans ,Quantitative analysis (chemistry) ,Phosphoric acid ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - Abstract
A reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of amodiaquine (AQ) and its metabolite desethylamodiaquine (DAQ) in whole blood collected on filter paper. The structure analogue 4-(4-dimethylamino-1-methylbutylamino)-7-chloroquinoline was used as internal standard. Upon collection, blood was added to 10% phosphoric acid in a 1:1 ratio and then spotted onto filter paper. The samples were alkalinized (pH approximately 9.2) with potassium hydroxide at the time of assay and the compounds were extracted together with internal standard into di-isopropyl ether and then re-extracted into an aqueous phase with 0.1M phosphate buffer at pH 4. The chromatographic analysis was performed using an Agilent Technologies ChemStation LC System. The absorbance of the compounds was monitored at 333 nm. Mean extraction recoveries of AQ and DAQ were 49 and 48%, respectively. Intra-day and inter-day coefficients of variation were10.5%. The limit of quantification was 50 nM for both compounds (sample size 100 microl). Both AQ and DAQ that were previously reported to be unstable have been stored on filter paper for at least 19 weeks. The method was applied on samples from healthy volunteers.
- Published
- 2007
249. Layer-by-layer paper-stacking nanofibrous membranes to deliver adipose-derived stem cells for bone regeneration
- Author
-
Qingtao Li, Quan Yuan, Liangpeng Ge, Malcolm Xing, Wenbing Wan, Wen Zhong, Shiwen Zhang, Jun Ouyang, and Xingxing Fang
- Subjects
Bone sialoprotein ,Bone Regeneration ,Materials science ,Nanofibers ,Biophysics ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Biocompatible Materials ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Bone tissue ,Biomaterials ,03 medical and health sciences ,Osteoprotegerin ,Tissue engineering ,Osteogenesis ,International Journal of Nanomedicine ,Drug Discovery ,Adipocytes ,paper-stacking ,medicine ,Animals ,Osteopontin ,Bone regeneration ,Cells, Cultured ,Original Research ,030304 developmental biology ,Bone mineral ,0303 health sciences ,Tissue Engineering ,biology ,Stem Cells ,Organic Chemistry ,calvarial defect ,Cell Differentiation ,Membranes, Artificial ,General Medicine ,Anatomy ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Rats ,3. Good health ,Cell biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,biology.protein ,Osteocalcin ,adipose-derived stem cells ,0210 nano-technology ,layer-by-layer membrane - Abstract
Wenbing Wan,1–3,* Shiwen Zhang,2–4,* Liangpeng Ge,2,3,5 Qingtao Li,1 Xingxing Fang,1 Quan Yuan,4 Wen Zhong,6 Jun Ouyang,1 Malcolm Xing1,2,7 1Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Medical Biomechanical Key Laboratory, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; 3Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; 4Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 5Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Textile Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; 7Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada *These authors contributed equally tothis work Abstract: Bone tissue engineering through seeding of stem cells in three-dimensional scaffolds has greatly improved bone regeneration technology, which historically has been a constant challenge. In this study, we researched the use of adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-laden layer-by-layer paper-stacking polycaprolactone/gelatin electrospinning nanofibrous membranes for bone regeneration. Using this novel paper-stacking method makes oxygen distribution, nutrition, and waste transportation work more efficiently. ADSCs can also secrete multiple growth factors required for osteogenesis. After the characterization of ADSC surface markers CD29, CD90, and CD49d using flow cytometry, we seeded ADSCs on the membranes and found cells differentiated, with significant expression of the osteogenic-related proteins osteopontin, osteocalcin, and osteoprotegerin. During 4 weeks in vitro, the ADSCs cultured on the paper-stacking membranes in the osteogenic medium exhibited the highest osteogenic-related gene expressions. In vivo, the paper-stacking scaffolds were implanted into the rat calvarial defects (5 mm diameter, one defect per parietal bone) for 12 weeks. Investigating with microcomputer tomography, the ADSC-laden paper-stacking membranes showed the most significant bone reconstruction, and from a morphological perspective, this group occupied 90% of the surface area of the defect, produced the highest bone regeneration volume, and showed the highest bone mineral density of 823.06 mg/cm3. From hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining, the new bone tissue was most evident in the ADSC-laden scaffold group. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis from collected tissues, we found that the ADSC-laden paper-stacking membrane group presented the highest osteogenic-related gene expressions of osteocalcin, osteopontin, osteoprotegerin, bone sialoprotein, runt-related transcription factor 2, and osterix (two to three times higher than the control group, and 1.5 times higher than the paper-stacking membrane group in all the genes). It is proposed that ADSC-laden layer-by-layer paper-stacking scaffolds could be used as a way of promoting bone defect treatment. Keywords: paper-stacking, layer-by-layer membrane, bone regeneration, adipose-derived stem cells, calvarial defect
- Published
- 2015
250. Poliovirus sampling by using sodium dodecyl sulfate/EDTA-pretreated chromatography paper strips
- Author
-
Leen Vijgen, Mustafizur Rahman, Inge Thoelen, Barbara Denys, Piet Maes, Els Van Doren, and Marc Van Ranst
- Subjects
Paper ,Serial dilution ,viruses ,Biophysics ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,complex mixtures ,Biochemistry ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Poliovirus Type 1 ,Specimen Handling ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Feces ,medicine ,Sodium dodecyl sulfate ,Molecular Biology ,Edetic Acid ,Infectivity ,Chromatography ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Poliovirus ,Temperature ,Reproducibility of Results ,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ,Cell Biology ,Virology ,Polio Vaccination ,Paper chromatography ,chemistry ,Enterovirus - Abstract
To achieve the goal of poliovirus eradication, surveillance of endemic areas is a crucial step in the poliovirus eradication program. Currently, six countries still have endemic poliovirus. We have tested a novel method which uses SDS/EDTA-treated chromatography paper strips to collect and transport poliovirus-containing stool samples. The SDS/EDTA-treated paper strips were soaked with different dilutions of poliovirus-containing feces and stored at different temperatures. After storing the SDS/EDTA paper strips for 5 months at 37 degrees C, poliovirus RNA could be successfully amplified using RT-PCR. Infectivity of wild-type poliovirus type 1, 2, and 3 was lost upon contact with the SDS/EDTA-treated strips. This easy, inexpensive, and biosafe chromatography paper strip method for the collection and transportation of poliovirus samples can be of use in poliovirus surveillance and polio vaccination programs.
- Published
- 2004
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