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Microchannels are small-scale channels with unique properties that make them useful in various fields, such as electronics, biomedical engineering, and chemical engineering. This research paper investigates the effect of microchannel geometry on fluid flow behavior at different values of the Reynolds number. A rectangular microchannel with a pattern of obstructions and water as the working fluid was used in this study. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were used to investigate the impact of different channel geometrical configurations and different values of the Reynolds number on fluid flow behavior. The results showed that the channel geometrical configuration and the Reynolds number significantly affect fluid flow behavior. A geometry with increasing obstruction heights led to higher values of pressure drop than the geometry with decreasing obstruction heights. This study provides valuable insights into microchannel flow behavior and can be used for the development of optimized microchannel designs for diverse applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • System thermodynamics of the antisolvent crystallization is discussed. • Supersaturation, MSZW, induction time, crystallization kinetics are critically analysed. • Hydrodynamic modeling and CFD-based approach for LASC are critically reviewed. • A complete outlook of LASC is presented. • Modeling based LASC scale-up guidelines and challenges are discussed. Fine particles are in great demand in the pharmaceutical industry due to their versatile applications. Liquid antisolvent crystallization (LASC) is one of the promising approaches to prepare fine particles without requiring high energy. The interdependence of system thermodynamics, mass transfer kinetics, and the multi-phase hydrodynamics in the liquid antisolvent crystallization process is not well understood. In this review, the different modeling aspects of LASC are described from a fundamental perspective. The system thermodynamics of LASC is discussed and several models used in literature to predict the solubility in pure solvents and binary solvent mixtures are summarized. A detailed description of supersaturation, metastable zone width and induction time in antisolvent crystallization are presented and critically analyzed. The nucleation and growth kinetics are discussed and interpreted in terms of process variables. The hydrodynamic aspect of LASC which involves the mixing at different length scales is discussed and analyzed in detail. The CFD simulation-based approach to describe the interaction among different phenomena is critically reviewed. The crystallization scale-up, which is a major challenge in the LASC process, is discussed. A guideline for crystallization scale-up using the CFD-based modeling approach is presented which will be helpful to prospective researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This first-of-its-kind review discusses the hydrodynamics for polyolefin productions in slurry reactors using CFD. Past reviews in this field are specifically focused on the CFD simulations of gas-phase reactors. This paper critically discusses the multi-scale behavior of liquid-solid hydrodynamics in polyolefin slurry reactors. The multifarious aspects of liquid-solid and solid-solid interactions and their impact on reactor performance are discussed. The review also discusses the possible methods to avoid the reactor operational difficulty due to various interactions such as slug formation, particle swelling, and aggregation. The in-depth analysis presented in this work can serve as a prerequisite for the design, scale-up, and optimization of any liquid-solid fluidization system. The CFD tools with their framework, simulation parameters, and the importance of parameter sensitivity analysis have been critically analysed. The article stems to provide a roadmap for future research work and proposes the challenges of future research that will help the prospective researchers. [Display omitted] • Hydrodynamic modeling approaches for the slurry polyolefin reactors are discussed. • The multifarious interactions and their impact on reactor performance are analyzed. • Particle swelling, agglomeration and slug formation impact reactor operation. • CFD framework and parameter sensitivity analysis are critically reviewed. • A roadmap for future research opportunities and challenges are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]