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Background: In this retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate the factors associated with the severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis in children aged under 2 years who were admitted to the Children's Hospital of Hebei between June 2018 and January 2019. Methods: Sputum samples positive for RSV via multiplex PCR were subtyped using real-time PCR. Data collected included risk factors for disease severity, demographics, microbiology, and outcomes. Results: Of the 82 children with RSV bronchiolitis, 79 were treated and discharged with improvement, while 3 died. All three patients had underlying medical conditions, including complex congenital heart disease and severe combined immunodeficiency. Further, disease severity was associated with preexisting underlying disease, fever duration, and bacterial co-infection, but not with the RSV subtype. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that an appropriate therapeutic regimen should include the detection of bacterial co-infections and the identification of underlying diseases for the effective management of severe RSV bronchiolitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• 3.71% of children with ARTI exhibited HAdV positive. • HAdV -2, HAdV -3 and HAdV -7 were the predominant types identified from ARTI children. • 74.85% of HAdV were co-detected with other respiratory pathogens, most commonly HRV. • The co-detection rate of HAdV-C was significant higher than those of HAdV-B. • HAdV -7 positive children may not present more severe clinical outcome. Human adenovirus (HAdV) is a common pathogen in children that can cause acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI), but the molecular epidemiological and clinical information relating to HAdV among hospitalized children with ARTI are few reported in China. To evaluate the epidemiological, clinical, and molecular characteristics of HAdV infections among hospitalized children with ARTI in Hebei, Northern China from June 2017 to May 2018. A 12-month longitudinal, retrospective study on HAdV , typed by nested polymerase chain reaction targeting the hexon gene's hypervariable region (typing was merely performed by sequencing of the hexon neutralization epitope and thus genotypes could not be identified unequivocally), associated with ARTI was performed. The epidemiological and clinical data of different types of HAdV were analyzed using statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) 21.0 software. HAdV was detected in 330 (3.71%) of the 8906 specimens, with most (88.48%, 292/330) HAdV -positives cases detected among children < 3 years old. HAdV were detected throughout the year with a higher prevalence in spring. 11 types were identified, with HAdV-2 (33.33%, 110/330) as the predominant type, followed by HAdV-3 (21.21%, 70/330) and HAdV-7 (13.94%, 46/330). Of the 330 HAdV -positive specimens, 247 (74.85%) were co-detected with other respiratory pathogens, most commonly rhinovirus (HRV) (58.7%, 145/247). Additionally, patients with HAdV -7 positive had longer duration of fever than HAdV -2 or -3 positive patients. During the study period, HAdV -2, HAdV -3 and HAdV -7 were the predominant types identified from children with ARTI in Hebei Province. Pediatric patients with HAdV -7 positive may not present more severe clinical outcome except a longer duration of fever. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]