1,377 results
Search Results
2. The Current and Future Potential Geographical Distribution of the Italian Locust, Calliptamus Italicus (Linnaeus) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in China
- Author
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Qin, Yujia, Li, Zhihong, Zhao, Li, Fowler, Glenn, Fang, Yan, Li, Daoliang, editor, and Chen, Yingyi, editor
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Brief Communication: Key papers of 20 years in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
- Author
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Animesh K. Gain, Joaquim G. Pinto, Mario Parise, Maria Carmen Llasat, Yves Bühler, Heidi Kreibich, Daniela Molinari, Pascal Haegeli, David J. Peres, Ricardo M. Trigo, and Kai Schröter
- Subjects
Disaster risk reduction ,Medi ambient ,Catàstrofes naturals ,Settore SECS-P/06 - Economia Applicata ,Original research ,Climatic change ,Earth system science ,Earth sciences ,Public discussion ,Political science ,Natural hazard ,ddc:550 ,Natural disasters ,Key (cryptography) ,Canvi climàtic ,Subject areas ,Engineering ethics ,Natural environment ,Dissemination - Abstract
To mark the 20th anniversary of Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (NHESS), an interdisciplinary and international journal dedicated to the public discussion and open-access publication of high-quality studies and original research on natural hazards and their consequences, we highlight 11 key publications covering major subject areas of NHESS that stood out within the past 20 years. The papers cover all the topics contemplated in the European Geosciences Union (EGU) Division on Natural Hazards including dissemination, education, outreach and teaching. The selected articles thus represent excellent scientific contributions in the major areas of natural hazards and risks and helped NHESS to become an exceptionally strong journal representing interdisciplinary areas of natural hazards and risks. At its 20th anniversary, we are proud that NHESS is not only used by scientists to disseminate research results and novel ideas but also by practitioners and decision-makers to present effective solutions and strategies for sustainable disaster risk reduction.
- Published
- 2021
4. Effects of Surface Cooling on Apatite Fission-Track Data: Evidence for Miocene Climatic Change, North Slope, Alaska
- Author
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O’Sullivan, Paul B., Brown, Roderick W., van den Haute, Peter, editor, and de Corte, Frans, editor
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Temporary storage of carbon in the biosphere does have value for climate change mitigation: a response to the paper by Miko Kirschbaum
- Author
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Dornburg, Veronika [Mid Sweden Univ, Ostersund, Serbia]
- Published
- 2008
6. Climate Change Impacts on Texas Water: A White Paper Assessment of the Past, Present and Future and Recommendations for Action
- Author
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Casteel, Richard
- Published
- 2010
7. POWER-GEN '90 conference papers: Volume 3 (Environmental trends and issues) and Volume 4 (Case histories - Non-utility power generation)
- Published
- 1990
8. TABES 92: 8th Annual Technical and Business Exhibition and Symposium. Executive summaries and submitted papers
- Published
- 1992
9. Natural gas in developing countries: Evaluating the benefits to the environment. World Bank discussion paper
- Author
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Homer, J
- Published
- 1993
10. The collected papers of Frederick M. Luther, 1943--1986. Volume 1
- Published
- 1992
11. Development of red oak seedlings using plastic shelters on hardwood sites in West Virginia. Forest Service research paper (Final)
- Author
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Smith, H
- Published
- 1993
12. Towards a sustainable future for Africa. Improved natural resources management under the development fund for Africa, 1987 to 1993. Technical paper
- Published
- 1993
13. Energy investments and the environment: Selected topics. A collection of papers prepared for a workshop organized by the economic development Institute of the World Bank in October 1990
- Author
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Griffin, L
- Published
- 1993
14. Smart cities need environmental consciousness and more social responsibilities as an outcome of COVID-19 – reflections from urban road commuters
- Author
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Leow, Nelvin XeChung and Krishnaswamy, Jayaraman
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Dating of the Dome Fuji, Antarctica deep ice core (scientific paper)
- Author
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Okitsugu, Watanabe, Hitoshi, Shoji, Kazuhide, Satow, Hideaki, Motoyama, Yoshiyuki, Fujii, Hideki, Narita, Shuji, Aoki, and National Institute of Polar Research/Kitami Institute of Technology/Nagaoka National College of Technology/National Institute of Polar Research/National Institute of Polar Research/Institute of Low Temperature Science,Hokkaido University/Center for Atmospheric and Oceanic Studies,Tohoku University
- Subjects
climatic change ,oxygen isotope ratio ,Dome Fuji core ,annual layer thickness ,dating - Abstract
The Antarctic ice sheet preserves paleo-climate information in the form of physical and chemical stratigraphy. A deep ice core was continuously drilled down to a depth of 2,503 m at Dome Fuji station, East Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, during the 1993-97 JARE inland operations. Oxygen isotope measurements were conducted on 7 to 50 cm-long ice core samples selected from the entire core depth. A time scale for the Dome Fuji core is calculated from past accumulation rates and an ice flow model. Past accumulation rates were converted from oxygen isotope values by using an empirical equation obtained in the Dome Fuji area. A steady-state flow model was preciously developed for a time scale calculation of the Summit ice core, Greenland. Using reference depth points from volcanic signals and annual layer thickness values measured on the Dome Fuji core allows for tuning of the calculated time scale. A depth-age profile was obtained for the past 320 kyr. The obtained paleo-temperature profile shows the characteristics of the past three glacial and interglacial periods. The power spectrum of ƒÂ18O change over an interval of 320 kyr reveals three dominant cycles. The paleo-temperature profile coincides quite well with the Vostok ice core data in general but not in detail, suggesting that further studies are needed both for chronological investigations and a multi-factor, cross-correlation analysis between deep ice cores for climatological understanding.
- Published
- 2003
16. Position paper on the potential and scope of collaboration between IBM - Big Green Innovations and the climate and water communities
- Author
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van Loon, A.F., van Lanen, H.A.J., and Vellinga, P.
- Subjects
technologieoverdracht ,simulation models ,Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management ,information processing ,innovations ,water management ,Alterra - Centre for Water and Climate ,weersvoorspelling ,weather forecasting ,Netherlands ,WIMEK ,climatic change ,technology transfer ,waterbeheer ,klimaatverandering ,informatieverwerking ,simulatiemodellen ,voorspellingen ,publiek-private samenwerking ,forecasts ,Nederland ,public-private cooperation ,innovaties ,Alterra - Centrum Water en Klimaat ,Hydrologie en Kwantitatief Waterbeheer - Abstract
A major concern for companies and governments is the robustness of their activities and investments in view of a changing climate. The water sector is in need of technological innovations to be able to cope with the effects of changing climate on the water system. IBM is searching for a way to utilize the computational power of its supercomputers and its expertise and capabilities on sensor networking, date streaming and visualization, to satisfy the needs of the water sector. Commissioned by IBM, the Centre for Water and Climate of Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR) has carried out a study in cooperation with European research partners that resulted in this position paper. The aim of the paper is to present an overview of the opportunities for improving and utilizing monitoring systems and sensors, weather/climate prediction systems, and their coupling to hydrologic models, hydrological forecasting tools and use in water management. In Europe water-related issues are dealt with in international collaboration, both institutionally and scientifically, with countries like Germany, United Kingdom, Denmark, Norway, France, the Netherlands, etc. In this paper we focus on the water sector in the Netherlands within this European context
- Published
- 2007
17. Position paper on the potential and scope of collaboration between IBM - Big Green Innovations and the climate and water communities
- Subjects
WIMEK ,climatic change ,technology transfer ,technologieoverdracht ,simulation models ,waterbeheer ,klimaatverandering ,informatieverwerking ,Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management ,simulatiemodellen ,information processing ,voorspellingen ,innovations ,publiek-private samenwerking ,forecasts ,water management ,Alterra - Centre for Water and Climate ,Nederland ,public-private cooperation ,weersvoorspelling ,weather forecasting ,innovaties ,Netherlands ,Alterra - Centrum Water en Klimaat ,Hydrologie en Kwantitatief Waterbeheer - Abstract
A major concern for companies and governments is the robustness of their activities and investments in view of a changing climate. The water sector is in need of technological innovations to be able to cope with the effects of changing climate on the water system. IBM is searching for a way to utilize the computational power of its supercomputers and its expertise and capabilities on sensor networking, date streaming and visualization, to satisfy the needs of the water sector. Commissioned by IBM, the Centre for Water and Climate of Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR) has carried out a study in cooperation with European research partners that resulted in this position paper. The aim of the paper is to present an overview of the opportunities for improving and utilizing monitoring systems and sensors, weather/climate prediction systems, and their coupling to hydrologic models, hydrological forecasting tools and use in water management. In Europe water-related issues are dealt with in international collaboration, both institutionally and scientifically, with countries like Germany, United Kingdom, Denmark, Norway, France, the Netherlands, etc. In this paper we focus on the water sector in the Netherlands within this European context
- Published
- 2007
18. Coping with impacts of climate variability and climate change in water management: a scoping paper
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climatic change ,milieueffect ,waterbeheer ,climatology ,klimaatverandering ,drought ,environmental impact ,rampen ,climatic factors ,disasters ,klimaatfactoren ,floods ,water management ,Alterra - Centre for Water and Climate ,klimatologie ,droogte ,Wageningen Environmental Research ,overstromingen ,Alterra - Centrum Water en Klimaat - Published
- 2003
19. Coping with impacts of climate variability and climate change in water management: a scoping paper
- Author
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Kabat, P., Schulze, R.E., Hellmuth, M.E., and Veraart, J.A.
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climatic change ,milieueffect ,waterbeheer ,climatology ,klimaatverandering ,drought ,environmental impact ,rampen ,climatic factors ,disasters ,klimaatfactoren ,floods ,water management ,Alterra - Centre for Water and Climate ,klimatologie ,droogte ,Wageningen Environmental Research ,overstromingen ,Alterra - Centrum Water en Klimaat - Published
- 2003
20. Property development amidst global warming and climatic change: A review.
- Author
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Ifediora, Christian Osita and Halim, Henry Chinedu
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,EXTREME weather ,REAL estate development ,RAIN gardens ,NATURAL resources - Abstract
Property development otherwise referred to as real estate development or investment appears to be facing challenges in recent times due to the effects of the twin challenges of global warming and climatic change. No thanks to man’s activities on land and exploration to natural resources. Exploration of natural resources and human activities have continued to impact the ecosystem which has created great concerns. This paper reviewed literature on property development amidst global warming and climate change. A number of issues were raised including concern about how investors’ confidence can further be secured on real estate development. With the above mind, there are initiatives to reduce the impact of flooding and other weather events via incorporation of green infrastructure and storm water management, build resilient structures that can withstand extreme weather events, incorporate green spaces into the landscape, conduct risk assessments, create emergency plans, build infrastructure that can withstand extreme weather events, use recycled materials, utilize green spaces, and minimize disruption of natural habitats to reduce the impact of development on the environment, use drought-tolerant landscaping, and incorporate green infrastructure such as rain gardens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
21. Lessons Learnt from the Influencing Factors of Forested Areas' Vulnerability under Climatic Change and Human Pressure in Arid Areas: A Case Study of the Thiès Region, Senegal.
- Author
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Faye, Bonoua, Du, Guoming, Li, Quanfeng, Faye, Hélène Véronique Marie Thérèse, Diéne, Jeanne Colette, Mbaye, Edmée, and Seck, Henri Marcel
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,TRANSFER matrix ,REMOTE-sensing images ,FARMS ,AGRICULTURE ,FORESTED wetlands ,LANDSCAPE assessment - Abstract
Featured Application: The integrated analysis method for understanding the main driving factors shaping forested areas proposed in this paper can provide helpful insight into sustainable and long-term land use systems in Senegal. Understanding the factors influencing the vulnerability of forested areas is crucial for human well-being and effective governance of ecosystem supply and demand. Based on remote sensing data, this study also considered ten natural and human variables as indexes to explore the main influencing factors that may impact the vulnerability of the Thies region's forested areas. The 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020 satellite image data were processed using ArcGIS 10.6 and ENVI 5.1 software. The methodology includes using the transfer matrix approach and calculating the geographic landscape index to describe the dominant morphology of forested areas. Furthermore, a mixed linear regression model was built to establish the connection between forested areas and the potential contributing components. Our study revealed that the forested areas led to relative fragmentation, with an average of 88 patches for Aggregation Index (AI), 3.25 for Largest Patch Index (LPI), 2.50 for Patch Density (PD), and 112 for Landscape Shape Index (LSI) between 2005 and 2020. In addition, the transfer matrix indicated that the loss of forestry areas was about −78.8 km
2 for agricultural land, −127.8 km2 for bare land, and −65.3 km2 for artificial surfaces. The most critical factors that influenced forested areas were agricultural and manufactural added value, rainfall (p < 0.05), slope, distance to the road, and agricultural sown area (p < 0.001). Overall, this investigation has revealed that the effective management of forested areas in the Thies region requires an understandable assessment. It was observed that both human anthropogenic and natural factors significantly contribute to the decline in forested areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. HISTORY OF CLIMATE DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON MINING AND RECLAMATION IN THE MOST BASIN - RESEARCH RESULTS AND PROPOSED ADAPTATION MEASURES.
- Author
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Řehoř, Michal, Záruba, Jiří, Vráblik, Petr, Helebrant, František, and Schmidt, Pavel
- Subjects
EXTREME weather ,LIGNITE ,COAL basins ,HISTORICAL literacy ,RESEARCH teams ,CLIMATE change - Abstract
The Research Institute for Brown Coal j. s. c. (VÚHU) has been involved in the research project of the EU Research Fund of Coal and Steel - The impact of extreme weather events on mining operations for four years. The project is focused on assessing the impact of climate change on mining activities in major European coal basins. Other participants are scientific teams from Poland, Great Britain, Spain, Germany and Greece. This is the last year of the project solving, so this paper summarizes the results of the solution for the Czech Republic. The first part of the paper summarizes the knowledge of the historical development of the climate, including significant climatic disasters. Attempts to reconstruct the paleoclimate in the Tertiary based on the evaluation of preserved geological phenomena are also briefly evaluated here. The next part of the paper evaluates the development of temperature and precipitation in the wider area of the Most Basin, including the forecast for the future and the impact of climate change on mining and reclamation. Therefore, the greatest attention is paid to the proposed adaptation strategies. All laboratory analyses carried out as part of this research were carried out by VÚHU testing laboratories accredited by CIA according to CSN EN 150-IEC 17025 on the basis of internal methodological procedures based on relevant standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Increased aridity drives post-fire recovery of Mediterranean forests towards open shrublands
- Author
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Lia Hemerik, Alejandro Valdecantos, Francisco Rodríguez, Maarten B. Eppinga, M. Jaime Baeza, V. Ramón Vallejo, Ana Carolina Junqueira Vasques, Mara Baudena, Ángeles G. Mayor, Victor M. Santana, Max Rietkerk, Susana Bautista, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, CEAM (Centro de Estudios Ambientales del Mediterráneo), Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio 'Ramón Margalef', Gestión de Ecosistemas y de la Biodiversidad (GEB), Análisis de Datos y Modelización de Procesos en Biología y Geociencias, Department of Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Baudena, Mara, Spatial Ecology and Global Change, and Environmental Sciences
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Mediterranean climate ,Seeders ,Physiology ,Forest fires ,Rain ,Plant Science ,alternative stable states ,Forests ,Wiskundige en Statistische Methoden - Biometris ,01 natural sciences ,Wildfires ,Plant science ,Alternative stable states ,1110 Plant Science ,Canvi climàtic ,Climate change ,910 Geography & travel ,media_common ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Full Paper ,Agroforestry ,Mediterranean Region ,Plants ,Full Papers ,PE&RC ,Stochastic dynamical model ,10122 Institute of Geography ,Geography ,climate change ,Mediterranean shrubland ,stochastic dynamical model ,Resprouters ,Christian ministry ,seeders ,Forest conservation ,increased aridity ,Conservació dels boscos ,Models, Biological ,Shrubland ,03 medical and health sciences ,Alternative stable state ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,forest fires ,European union ,Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris ,Increased aridity ,Research ,1314 Physiology ,15. Life on land ,Ecología ,Arid ,Climatic change ,resprouters ,030104 developmental biology ,13. Climate action ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Recent observations suggest that repeated fires could drive Mediterranean forests to shrublands, hosting flammable vegetation that regrows quickly after fire. This feedback supposedly favours shrubland persistence and may be strengthened in the future by predicted increased aridity. An assessment was made of how fires and aridity in combination modulated the dynamics of Mediterranean ecosystems and whether the feedback could be strong enough to maintain shrubland as an alternative stable state to forest. A model was developed for vegetation dynamics, including stochastic fires and different plant fire‐responses. Parameters were calibrated using observational data from a period up to 100 yr ago, from 77 sites with and without fires in Southeast Spain and Southern France. The forest state was resilient to the separate impact of fires and increased aridity. However, water stress could convert forests into open shrublands by hampering post‐fire recovery, with a possible tipping point at intermediate aridity. Projected increases in aridity may reduce the resilience of Mediterranean forests against fires and drive post‐fire ecosystem dynamics toward open shrubland. The main effect of increased aridity is the limitation of post‐fire recovery. Including plant fire‐responses is thus fundamental when modelling the fate of Mediterranean‐type vegetation under climate‐change scenarios. This research was supported by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement 283068 (CASCADE). AGM was supported by the EU-funded Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action ECOHYDRY (GA660859), SB by the project DRYEX2 (CGL2017-89804-R) funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, and VMS by a ‘Beatriu de Pinós’ fellowship (2014BP-B-00056).
- Published
- 2020
24. PROSPECTS OF RECLAMATION WORK IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC DURING THE PERIOD OF CLIMATE CHANGE FOCUSED ON THE MOST BASIN AREA.
- Author
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Řehoř, Michal, Zaruba, Jiri, Schmidt, Pavel, and Vráblík, Petr
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,LIGNITE ,MINES & mineral resources ,MINE safety ,CLIMATE research ,LONGWALL mining - Abstract
The Brown Coal Research Institute j. s. c. is realising the long term research and survey in the field of restoration problems and it is realising the long term research of climate changes in the Czech Republic including impacts to mining operations during research programme of the European Union TEXMIN solving too. The input of expected temperature increasing and precipitation decreasing is favourable for mining operation from point of view of overburden and mining cuts stability, safety of mining and mining costs. The different situation is the field of reclamation works. The input of expected climatic change is very unfavourable in this case. The main reasons are primarily high level of the loss of seedlings during forest reclamation because of hot and dry periods and the necessity of very expensive, radical change of technical and biological reclamation methodology. The first results of this research are presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Pobreza energética y cambio climático. Aproximación desde el análisis territorial en los municipios de México.
- Author
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Catalina Medina-Pérez, Patricia, David Quiroz-Jiménez, Jesús, and Jesús Tapia-Fernández, Héctor
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CLIMATE change ,SOCIAL history ,POVERTY ,REGIONAL differences ,ENERGY industries ,ENVIRONMENTAL indicators - Abstract
Copyright of Revista INVI is the property of Universidad de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Silvicultural potential of the main introduced tree species in the Czech Republic – review.
- Author
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Novotný, Stanislav, Gallo, Josef, Baláš, Martin, Kuneš, Ivan, Fuchs, Zdeněk, and Brabec, Pavel
- Abstract
Only 1.82% of the Czech forests are covered by the introduced (exotic, non-native) tree species, they represent only a very minor part of the forest area in the Czech Republic. Despite this fact under certain circumstances and locally, they can play an important role in the forest restoration of declined forests. The main non-native tree species used in the Czech Republic are: black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirbel] Franco), grand fir (Abies grandis [Douglas ex D. Don] Lindl.), black walnut (Juglans nigra L.), northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.), and blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.). Other tree species are cultivated on very small areas, despite their much larger potential. The aim of the presented review paper is to summarize information on the introduced tree species, available especially from national sources, and give comprehensive information concerning the potential and risk of their use in the conditions of the Czech Republic. The authors mention also other tree species eligible for silviculture under current as well as future climatic circumstances. The current area and silvicultural potential in the climate changing conditions are analysed and summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Effects of future climate change on rare and endangered species in inner Mongolia, China: Vulnerability, priority conservation areas and sustainable conservation strategies
- Author
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Dong, Xuede, Gong, Jirui, Li, Xiaobing, Song, Liangyuan, Zhang, Zihe, Zhang, Weiyaun, Zhang, Siqi, Hu, Yuxia, Yang, Guisen, Yan, Chenyi, and Liang, Cunzhu
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Global warming, intermediary market power, and agricultural exports: Evidence for cotton and cashew nuts in West Africa.
- Author
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LOKONON, Boris O. K. and EGBENDEWE, Aklesso Y. G.
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,MONTE Carlo method ,AGRICULTURE ,MARKET power ,COTTON - Abstract
This research aims at analysing the extent to which climate change affects cotton and cashew nuts production and exports in West African countries in the presence of intermediary market power. To that end, the paper uses a combination of approaches to calibrate a price endogenous regional bio-economic optimisation model and handles uncertainties inherent to future socioeconomic scenarios through Monte Carlo simulations. The results show that the effects of climate change on cotton and cashew nuts land use are mixed under the two simulated climate change scenarios. In fact, the effects vary across countries, ranging from experiencing only a decline, or only an increase to both a decline and an increase in land use. Similarly, the effects of climate change on the quantities of cotton and cashew nuts exported are also mixed, with the positive effects being more pronounced for cotton. Simulations of reductions in the market power exerted by intermediaries on cotton producers also show that such a scenario could to some extent mitigate the negative effects of climate change on cotton exports for some countries. Therefore, actions that include corrections to cotton market imperfection could be undertaken to mitigate the negative effects of climate change on cotton and cashew nuts production in West Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. 人类活动与气候变化对海河流域径流影响的尺度效应.
- Author
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王婧雯, 冉佳琳, 吴伟, 尚芮岩, 张姝涵, 张振明, 张明祥, and 刘佳凯
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment is the property of Journal of Ecology & Rural Environment Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. United States and environmental security: Deforestation and conflict in southeast Asia. Master's thesis
- Author
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Greenwald, P
- Published
- 1992
31. Perception of climate change in Bangladesh: local beliefs, practices and responses.
- Author
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Uddin, Md. Borhan
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,FOCUS groups ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,RITES & ceremonies - Abstract
There is a clear need for an understanding of the perceptions of climate change among those whose lives are most affected to inform national discourse and in particular, development and implementation of adaptation strategies. The paper is the outcome of a qualitative study among the local people of Charhajari, Anuliya and Nitpur unions of Bangladesh. The key informant technique, along with in-depth interview, had been exploited for gaining holistic perceptions on climatic scenario in the localities, while focus group discussion and case study were used for mapping out collective social consensus on the subject. The study has elucidated the threats climate change poses to established long-term beliefs, practices and perceptions by instigating erratic changes in weather patterns, shifting seasons, and questioning efficacy and authority of traditional interpretation of local weather. Local inhabitants have their own way of internalization and symbolic interpretation of climate induced debacles. Of the indicators demonstrating the impacts of climate change on local communities, seasonal diversity decline is central for affecting every aspects of socio-economic life including rituals and festivals. Apart from these, inhabitants have explored a number of independent and dependent climatic hazards they are under exposed. The paper concludes that experience of climate change impacts is for most cases ecosystem based but perception appears to be culturally specific. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Development of resilience issues and challenges in the SEERC region: South East European regional council of CIGRE.
- Author
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Reich, K., Pompili, M., Bakic, K., and Bondarenko, Y.
- Abstract
This paper aims to report on the South East European Regional Council of CIGRECIGRE (SEERC) activities related to resilience of electrical power networks. Based on the results of an organized SEERC workshop focusing on resilience of network issues during which member countries of the region presented their own experiences in resilience planning, the paper presents new measures recently put into force in SEERC countries as well as endeavours to immediate technical modifications of assets imposed by lessons learned during past emergency events. The first part of the paper presents the SEERC region of CIGRECIGRE, the energy data, the size of the T&D electrical network, the emission of the CO
2 equivalent due to the potential impact on future transition planning of the energy sector, and consequences to the resilience of electric networks. The second part of the paper deals with resilience experiences of different countries in the region after large weather disasters as well as with threatening events caused by cyber attacks. The last part of the paper analyses innovative measures for strengthening resilience in selected systems as it was presented at the SEERC workshop in Rome (2018). The paper also deals with the assessment of loading limits of selected essential network components aiming to reduce system vulnerability during emergencies, hence increasing its resilience. The majority of the experienced emergencies were produced by harsh weather conditions during winter. There were many cases of Overhead Line (OHL) failures which triggered detailed analyses to determine the encountered mechanical loads. A suitable refurbishing of critical parts of OHL has been done respecting the new standards for the construction of electrical overhead lines in Europe. Aiming to allow the expedited restoring of OHL operating capability in emergencies, the introduction of using emergency (modular) towers was selected and successfully implemented. Intensive support to asset management was provided, e.g., maintenance optimization, state-of-the-art approaches, condition monitoring of HV equipment, life cycle assessment, evaluation of assets etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. A GIS-remote sensing approach for forest fire risk assessment: case of Bizerte region, Tunisia.
- Author
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Saidi, Salwa, Younes, Alaeddine Ben, and Anselme, Brice
- Abstract
In this era of climate change and global warming, forest fires are increasing around the world and especially in areas with arid and semi-arid climate. Hence, prevention is vital and it is considered as the best solution to protect forest areas. This paper presents a multi-criteria approach for the assessment and mapping of fire risk using three indicators: topomorphology index, climatic index, and human one. For each indicator, sub-indicators such as slope, morphology, exposure, number of fires, groundwater reserve, and evapotranspiration are chosen to generate a forest fire risk index in Bizerte region. Spatial data on all these indicators have been aggregated and organized in a geographic information system (GIS) framework. Results show that 33% of the total area of Bizerte forest is highly vulnerable to fire risk and an increasing of risk from 2013 to 2016. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the removal of the climatic (ICL) and the human indexes (HI) from the forest fire risk index causes large variation in the risk assessment. As a consequence, it should have higher weights than other indicators, which proves that triggering of wildfires is in the whole part caused by human activities and accelerated by climatic conditions. The remote sensing approach using NBR index confirms that severity of burned area increases throughout the time and the most changes are observed in the Northeast of Bizerte forest. These results can serve as a planning tool for decision makers to save the lives of residents and forest resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Runoff simulation analysis and collaborative response research based on the second Songhua River basin under the background of land use.
- Author
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Hongxue Liu
- Subjects
RUNOFF analysis ,LAND use ,WATERSHED hydrology ,WATERSHEDS ,HYDROLOGIC models - Abstract
This paper examines the context of climate change and land use in the second Songhua River basin with the goal of improving runoff. The report begins by introducing the history of watershed runoff and the study area. The differences between various land use types and land use efficiency are examined using the watershed hydrology model from previous literature. The novelty of the paper is to compare the evapotranspiration of the model in different periods with the depth data of surface runoff. The results show that the simulation analysis and collaborative response strategy proposed here can adapt to the meteorological changes in the basin. The evapotranspiration of a watershed that was converted from woodland to grassland in 1970 was 34 mm, while that of a watershed that was converted from grassland to woodland was 32 mm, according to the results of the model test. The evapotranspiration of a watershed that gone from woodland to grassland in 2010 is 45 mm, compared to 39 mm for a watershed that has gone from grassland to woodland. The second Songhua River basin's surface water yield data can therefore be used to model and study the basin's runoff in real time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. A vulnerability index for priority targeting of agricultural crops under a changing climate.
- Author
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Turvey, Calum G., Du, Jiajun, He, Yurou, and Ortiz-Bobea, Ariel
- Abstract
In this paper, we evaluate a single-index polymorphic production function that relates agricultural output to temperature and precipitation. The advantage of this new approach to measuring agricultural vulnerability under climatic change is that a single-index measure of vulnerability can capture a range of climate responses including plateau effects. The approach identifies plateau effects in the crop yield-weather relationship and provides overall fits consistent with higher-order polynomial fitting. We apply the technique to corn, soybeans, wheat, and cotton at the USA county level. We illustrate its computation and use as a critical policy variable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Spatiotemporal variation in vegetation phenology and its response to climate change in marshes of Sanjiang Plain, China.
- Author
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Liu, Yiwen, Shen, Xiangjin, Zhang, Jiaqi, Wang, Yanji, Wu, Liyuan, Ma, Rong, Lu, Xianguo, and Jiang, Ming
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,PLANT phenology ,PHENOLOGY ,PLAINS ,CARBON cycle ,SPRING - Abstract
Sanjiang Plain is the largest marsh distribution area of China, and marshes in this region significantly affect regional carbon cycle and biodiversity protection. The vegetation phenology of marsh significantly affects the energy exchange and carbon cycle in that region. Under the influence of global climatic change, identifying the changes in phenology and their responses to climatic variation in marshes of Sanjiang Plain is essential for predicting the carbon stocks of marsh ecosystem in that region. Using climate and NDVI data, this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal variations in the start (SOS), end (EOS), and length (LOS) of vegetation growing season and explored the impacts of climatic variation on vegetation phenology in marshes of Sanjiang Plain. Results showed that the SOS advanced by 0.30 days/a, and EOS delayed by 0.23 days/a, causing LOS to increase significantly (p <.05) by 0.53 days/a over marshes of Sanjiang Plain. Spatially, the large SOS advance and EOS delay resulted in an obvious increasing trend for LOS in northern Sanjiang Plain. The rise of spring and winter temperatures advanced the SOS and increased the LOS, and the rise in temperature in autumn delayed the EOS in marshes of Sanjiang Plain. Our findings highlight the necessity of considering seasonal climatic conditions in simulating marsh vegetation phenology and indicate that the different influences of climatic variation on marsh vegetation phenology in different regions should be fully considered to assess the marsh ecosystem response to climatic change in Sanjiang Plain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Gaseous Emissions from Composting Bark/Manure Mixtures
- Author
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Guénola Pérès, Philippe Morand, Sandrine Baron, Paul Robin, Hiéronymus Yulipriyanto, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
compost ,CLIMATIC CHANGE ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,NITROUS OXIDE ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,nitrogen ,METHANE ,CARBON DIOXIDE ,gaz à effet de serre ,phosphorus ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Heap (data structure) ,azote ,changement climatique ,0303 health sciences ,protoxyde d'azote ,Ecology ,Waste management ,CARBON-NITROGEN RATIO ,Natural ventilation ,Pulp and paper industry ,POULTRY MANURE ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,AIR FLOW ,Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,fumier de volaille ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Soil Science ,03 medical and health sciences ,dioxyde de carbone ,greenhouse gases ,température ,Effluent ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,global change ,NOx ,carbonic anhydride ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,AMMONIA ,030306 microbiology ,carbon ,COMPOSTING ,émission ,C content ,Manure ,phosphore ,Computer Science::Sound ,13. Climate action ,Environmental science ,carbone ,Global-warming potential - Abstract
About 25 m3 of a poplar bark-poultry dung mixture were composted in a covered place with natural ventilation, air entering the lower part and going out through four shafts in the upper part. The gaseous emissions were measured and analyzed. The first heap (initial C/N of 28) was monitored for one month, then turned and more dung added. The second heap (initial C/N of 8) was monitored for seven months with two intermediate turnings. For the whole experiment, N losses were estimated at 61-74% of initial N, of which 62% was lost as NH3 (38-46% of initial N) and 1% as N2O (0.6-0.7% of initial N). N-NOx losses were 1000 times lower than N-N3 H3 losses. N2O and NOx were found only at the end of the periods before the piles were turned. As for carbon, C-CO2 emissions were estimated at 45-55% of initial C content, the ratio of CH4 to CO2 in the effluent air was 1 to 100 on average, with significant variations. The global warming potential of CH and N O was estimated at respectively 25% and 50% of total CO2 emissi...
- Published
- 2005
38. Holocene history of the forest-alpine tundra ecotone in the Scandes Mountains (central Sweden).
- Author
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Kullman, Leif
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,TREE growth ,FOREST ecology ,DOWNY birch ,SCOTS pine ,ALNUS incana - Abstract
The Holocene history of the forest-alpine tundra ecotone in Central Sweden (Scandes Mountains) is inferred from radiocarbon analyses of subfossil wood remains. Pinus sylvestris was the dominant subalpine tree species during the early Holocene, when it ascended almost 200 m higher than currently. A short climatic episode (less than 100 years) is postulated to have triggered erosional processes around 6300 B.P., and extinguished the upper part of the subalpine pine woodland. Subsequently, a subalpine belt of Betula pubescens ssp. tortuosa and Alnus incana developed. A Holocene thermal optimum occurred around 6100 B.p., when the birch/alder belt flourished and the tree-limits probably reached their highest levels during the Holocene. Shortly after 6000 B.P., a long-term pine forest retrogression started and the birch/alder belt was disrupted by expanding snow-beds. Pine receded slightly at its tree-limit, but the uppermost belt of closed pine forest (presently dominated by birch) remained intact until c. 3300 B.p., when a severe climatic deterioration occurred. The present-day subalpine belt of pure birch forest developed successively and increased in vertical extent after c. 5300 B.P., when summer temperature declined. The evolution of the birch belt is postulated to have been ultimately a response to decreased seasonality, which favoured birch at the expense of pine. Because of the 'inertia' characterizing the highest pine forest, the birch belt was relatively narrow until a major thermal decline c. 3300 B.P., when it made a massive downslope expansion. The latest phase of pine recession was during the Little Ice Age, 800-300B.P. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1988
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Quantitative assessment of the relative contributions of climate change and human activities to NPP changes in the Southwest Karst area of China.
- Author
-
Ma, Bingxin, Jing, Juanli, Liu, Bing, Xu, Yong, Dou, Shiqing, and He, Hongchang
- Subjects
KARST ,CLIMATE change ,ANIMAL culture ,ECOLOGICAL engineering ,CARBON cycle ,ACTIVITY-based costing - Abstract
Net primary production (NPP) is an essential component of the terrestrial carbon cycle and an essential factor of ecological processes. In global change research, it was the core content to study the driving forces of NPP change. In this paper, we focused on the Southwest Karst area of China and analyzed the response mechanisms of NPP to topography, land-use types, climatic change, and human activities. Our results showed that (1) changes in elevation and slope lead to significant differences in the spatial distribution of NPP. With the increase of elevation and slope, NPP first increased and then decreased, their critical values were 2000 m and 15°, respectively. (2) NPP varied significantly among different land-use types. The average NPP of the forest was the highest, and the average NPP of cultivated land increased fastest. (3) Temperature and precipitation had the most substantial influence on NPP, both of them promoted the increase of NPP, and the effect of temperature was more obvious in the Southwest Karst area. (4) Ecological engineering significantly promoted the change of NPP, while animal husbandry significantly inhibited the change of NPP. (5) There were significant spatial differences in the driving effects and corresponding contributions of climatic change and human activities; both of them promoted the increase of NPP in the Southwest Karst area of China. Under climatic change and human activities, NPP increased by 1.24 gC·m
−2 ·year−1 and 2.29 gC·m−2 ·year−1 , respectively. The contributions rates of climatic change and human activities separately accounted for 35% and 65%. The contribution of human activities on NPP was much higher than that of climatic change in the Southwest Karst area, and the results suggested that we should focus on the role of human activities on NPP change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Big Data Analytics Using Swarm-Based Long Short-Term Memory for Temperature Forecasting.
- Author
-
Patil, Malini M., Rekha, P. M., Solanki, Arun, Nayyar, Anand, and Qureshi, Basit
- Abstract
In the past few decades, climatic changes led by environmental pollution, the emittance of greenhouse gases, and the emergence of brown energy utilization have led to global warming. Global warming increases the Earth's temperature, thereby causing severe effects on human and environmental conditions and threatening the livelihoods of millions of people. Global warming issues are the increase in global temperatures that lead to heat strokes and high-temperature-related diseases during the summer, causing the untimely death of thousands of people. To forecast weather conditions, researchers have utilized machine learning algorithms, such as autoregressive integrated moving average, ensemble learning, and long short-term memory network. These techniques have been widely used for the prediction of temperature. In this paper, we present a swarm-based approach called Cauchy particle swarm optimization (CPSO) to find the hyperparameters of the long short-term memory (LSTM) network. The hyperparameters were determined by minimizing the LSTM validation mean square error rate. The optimized hyperparameters of the LSTM were used to forecast the temperature of Chennai City. The proposed CPSO-LSTM model was tested on the openly available 25-year Chennai temperature dataset. The experimental evaluation on MAT-LABR2020a analyzed the root mean square error rate and mean absolute error to evaluate the forecasted output. The proposed CPSO-LSTM outperforms the traditional LSTM algorithm by reducing its computational time to 25 min under 200 epochs and 150 hidden neurons during training. The proposed hyperparameter-based LSTM can predict the temperature accurately by having a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 0.250 compared with the traditional LSTM of 0.35 RMSE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. R como un SIG: Extracción de datos climáticos de WorldClim.
- Author
-
FERGNANI, PAULA N.
- Subjects
GEOGRAPHIC information systems ,GEODATABASES ,DATABASES ,CLIMATE change ,TEACHING aids ,ONLINE databases - Abstract
Copyright of Ecologia Austral is the property of Asociacion Argentina de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Optimal Period for Winter Mountain Tourism in Romania.
- Author
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Rujescu, Ciprian Ioan
- Abstract
Observations in Romania show that the months of January and February are starting to show an increasing interest for tourists in areas known for winter sports involving snow. This observation is at odds with the period hitherto considered traditional for winter tourism in Romania, i.e., from the end of December to the first few days of January, when school holidays and employee holidays are frequently scheduled. Analysis of the climatic data of recent years shows a shortening of the period when natural weather conditions are favorable for this type of tourism. In this paper it was statistically determined that the maximum share of negative temperature coverage of Romania's territory tends to occur at present in the second half of January. It is therefore necessary to correlate the school and labor law timetables with the new climatic conditions and other measures to adapt to current conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Lithology and the content of some major elements in the sediments of Buir Lake, East Mongolia.
- Author
-
Tserentsegmid, Oyunchimeg and Davaasuren, Davaadorj
- Subjects
PETROLOGY ,LAKE sediments ,CLIMATE change ,HOLOCENE Epoch - Abstract
The freshwater Buir Lake in Khalkh Gol soum, Dornod aimag, is located (47° 51' 47° N, 117° 51' 29° E) on the border of Mongolia and Inner Mongolia, China. The northwest and northeast part of the lake is swampy, and is flat in the rest part. This research paper reveals the lithology and some major elements content (SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, Fe2O3, MgO, K2O, Na2O, MnO and P2O5) of the core sediments and their distribution along the depth and the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA), which will be a significant factor in restoring environmental change. According to the data of analysis of major elements of Buir Lake sediments, the concentration of SiO2 ranges from 42.92 to 58.29%; Al2O3 = 9.25-12.83%; Fe2O3 = 3.66-4.79%; TiO2 = 0.46-0.62%; MnO = 0.08-0.13%; CaO = 5.73-11.56%; MgO = 1.34-1.81%; Na
2 O = 0.72-1.50%; K2 O = 1.58-2.31%; and P2O5 = 0.14-0.26% respectively. The chemical index of alteration is basically the same as the distribution of SiO2, Al2 O3 , TiO2 , Fe2 O3 , MgO, K2 O and Na2O in the sediments of the lake, but their content at 32.5 cm interval of the core sharply decreases and also increases. This is perhaps due to global climate change. The content and distribution patterns of water-soluble elements, such as CaO, MnO, and P2 O5 , are negatively correlated with the chemical index of alteration. These lead to conclude that major elements of Buir Lake sediment and Chemical Index of Alteration are closely related to climatic changes in eastern Mongolia pertaining to the Upper Pleistocene and the Holocene epochs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Holocene palaeoclimate records over Europe and the North Atlantic.
- Author
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Emeis, Kay-Christian and Dawson, Alastair G.
- Subjects
PALEOCLIMATOLOGY - Abstract
This Special Issue of The Holocene contains 16 research papers based on a symposium at the 11th International Meeting of the European Union of Geosciences held in Strasbourg in April 2001. The aim of the symposium was a state-of-the-art assessment of empirical studies of postglacial marine and terrestrial climatic archives and their integration with numerical climate models. This editorial places the individual papers in the broader context of natural climate variability and anthropogenic impacts on the global climate system, regional differences in climate between maritime and continental areas, and the need for an improved theoretical basis for understanding the underlying causes of environmental change. The focus of the Special Issue is the dynamic and relatively well-understood climate of the North Atlantic and the European realm, where, in relation to the steepest offshore temperature gradient on Earth, observational data are abundant and many recent advances have been made in climate reconstruction from proxy archives. The editorial also contains a summary and overview of the papers included in the four main sections of the Special Issue, which emphasize: (1) numerical modelling experiments; (2) models of glacier buildup and equilibrium-line altitude; (3) marine and terrestrial proxy records of climatic change; and (4) multiproxy palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of a Portuguese lagoonal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. A new perspective on ENSO-Indian summer monsoon rainfall relationship in a warming environment
- Author
-
Pandey, Pushpa, Dwivedi, Suneet, Goswami, B. N., and Kucharski, Fred
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Professor Zhu Kezhen opening up a path for research on climatic change in China.
- Author
-
Shi, Yafeng
- Abstract
Professor Zhu Kezhen (Co-Ching Chu, 1890-1974) was an outstanding scientist and educator. His research covered three fields including meteorology, geography and history of natural science. He published about 300 papers related to these fields. The historic climatic change in China was a subject which he most intensively studied. Eight papers related to this subject were published by Professor Zhu Kezhen from 1925 to 1972. The last brilliant paper on the title, 'A Primary Study on Climatic Change in Past 5000 Years in China' reconstructed the climatic change history based on temperature index, particularly on winter temperature index. He concluded that the temperature was 2°C higher in 5,000-3,000 a B.P. than at present and temperature in January was 3-5°C higher then. He found that, in the latest 3000 years, there were major cycles of 400-800 years with an amplitude of 1-2°C and small cycles of 50-100 years with an amplitude of 0.5-1°C. The temperature curves of the past 5,000 years which Zhu Kezhen reconstructed in China basically alike the δO record from camp Century Ice Core in Greenland. He was particularly good at analysing and summarizing historic data of phenology, archeology and meteorology and comparing with that at present. He also closely followed the international progress in science and technology. He considered that the study of historic climtic change was very useful to the forecast of future climatic change. His method in research and achievement opened up a new path for study of the climatic change in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Perception of climate change in Bangladesh: local beliefs, practices and responses
- Author
-
Md. Borhan Uddin
- Subjects
Climatic change ,Perception ,Seasonal diversity ,Ecosystem ,Belief ,Ritual ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology ,GN301-674 - Abstract
Abstract There is a clear need for an understanding of the perceptions of climate change among those whose lives are most affected to inform national discourse and in particular, development and implementation of adaptation strategies. The paper is the outcome of a qualitative study among the local people of Charhajari, Anuliya and Nitpur unions of Bangladesh. The key informant technique, along with in-depth interview, had been exploited for gaining holistic perceptions on climatic scenario in the localities, while focus group discussion and case study were used for mapping out collective social consensus on the subject. The study has elucidated the threats climate change poses to established long-term beliefs, practices and perceptions by instigating erratic changes in weather patterns, shifting seasons, and questioning efficacy and authority of traditional interpretation of local weather. Local inhabitants have their own way of internalization and symbolic interpretation of climate induced debacles. Of the indicators demonstrating the impacts of climate change on local communities, seasonal diversity decline is central for affecting every aspects of socio-economic life including rituals and festivals. Apart from these, inhabitants have explored a number of independent and dependent climatic hazards they are under exposed. The paper concludes that experience of climate change impacts is for most cases ecosystem based but perception appears to be culturally specific.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Modelling and assessment of the combined impacts of climatic and demographic change on a multipurpose reservoir system in the Harz mountains.
- Author
-
Gocht, Martin and Meon, Günter
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,DEMOGRAPHIC change ,RESERVOIRS ,HYDROLOGY ,ATMOSPHERIC models - Abstract
This paper evaluates the combined impacts of climatic and demographic changes on a multipurpose reservoir system in the Harz mountains in northern Germany. For this purpose, the spatially distributed hydrological model PANTA RHEI was firstly calibrated and validated with gridded observational data. Secondly, the hydrological model was forced with data from two regional climate models. The possibilities and limitations of using current regional climate models as an input for hydrological modelling in very high resolution in space and time were evaluated. Their applicability in reservoir operation optimization on an hourly time step was demonstrated. For an increase in extreme events, indicated by one regional climate model, the impact of an adaptation of operation rules with respect to flood protection on the other uses of the system was assessed. Furthermore, a new method was presented, how economic information from national accounting in combination with demographic scenarios can be used in exposure analysis. The paper ends with a demonstration of the importance of combining the impacts of climatic and demographic change, while developing sound and cost-efficient water resources management strategies for the near and distant future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Guess-Work and Reasonings on Centennial Evolution of Surface Air Temperature in Russia. Part IV: Towards Economic Estimations of Climate-Related Damages from the Bifurcation Analysis Viewpoint.
- Author
-
Kolokolov, Yury and Monovskaya, Anna
- Subjects
BIFURCATION theory ,PARAMETER estimation ,COMPUTER simulation ,SYNCHRONIZATION ,SIGNAL quantization - Abstract
The paper completes the cycle of the research devoted to the development of the experimental bifurcation analysis (not computer simulations) in order to answer the following questions: whether qualitative changes occur in the dynamics of local climate systems in a centennial timescale?; how to analyze such qualitative changes with daily resolution for local and regional space-scales?; how to establish one-to-one daily correspondence between the dynamics evolution and economic consequences for productions? To answer the questions, the unconventional conceptual model to describe the local climate dynamics was proposed and verified in the previous parts. That model (HDS-model) originates from the hysteresis regulator with double synchronization and has a variable structure due to competition between the amplitude quantization and the time quantization. The main advantage of the HDS-model is connected with the possibility to describe 'internally' (on the basis of the self-regulation) the specific causal effects observed in the dynamics of local climate systems instead of 'external' description of three states of the hysteresis behavior of climate systems (upper, lower and transient states). As a result, the evolution of the local climate dynamics is based on the bifurcation diagrams built by processing the data of meteorological observations, where the strange effects of the essential interannual daily variability of annual temperature variation are taken into account and explained. It opens the novel possibilities to analyze the local climate dynamics taking into account the observed resultant of all internal and external influences on each local climate system. In particular, the paper presents the viewpoint on how to estimate economic damages caused by climate-related hazards through the bifurcation analysis. That viewpoint includes the following ideas: practically each local climate system is characterized by its own time pattern of the natural qualitative changes in temperature dynamics over a century, so, any unified time window to determine the local climatic norms seems to be questionable; the temperature limits determined for climate-related technological hazards should be reasoned by the conditions of artificial human activity, but not by the climatic norms; the damages caused by such hazards can be approximately estimated in relation to the average annual profit of each production. Now, it becomes possible to estimate the minimal and maximal numbers of the specified hazards per year in order, first of all, to avoid unforeseen latent damages. Also, it becomes possible to make some useful relative estimation concerning damage and profit. We believe that the results presented in the cycle illustrate great practical competence of the current advances in the experimental bifurcation analysis. In particular, the developed QHS-analysis provides the novel prospects towards both how to adapt production to climatic changes and how to compensate negative technological impacts on environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Energy shift: decline of easy oil and restructuring of geo-politics.
- Author
-
Inderwildi, Oliver and King, David
- Abstract
This paper critically assesses the geopolitical and geo-economic impact of novel fuel resources on both resource exporters and importers. Presently, very strong political and economic forces drive the utilisation of domestic, unconventional oil and gas recovery in the West as these enhance energy security and ease balance of payment issues. The additional capacity generated by this trend has, supported by other effects such as Saudi Arabia's decision to maintain current production, triggered a significant reduction of oil prices. Consequently, it is now oil exporters that struggle with the balance of payment issues and often these countries base their fiscal budget completely on fossil fuel revenues. In fact, these unconventional resources help turn the tide while oil exporters are now politically significantly weakened due to the increased energy sufficiency of the West. The catch is that the extraction of unconventional types of oil has many environmental implications. So, internalising the environmental externalities have to be considered. This paper, therefore, assesses, next to geopolitics and geo-economics, the environmental implications of this trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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