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Background: Often early gastric cancer (EGC) is asymptomatic, that is why most of the patients come for medical investigation already ill with advanced gastric cancer. The detection of premalignant gastric lesions and their control, help the exposure of gastric cancer in its initial stage and implicitly to a prompter access to the appropriate treatment for the patients. This study quantifies the utility of narrow band imaging-endoscopy (NBI) for the detection of premalignant lesions and early gastric cancer. Material and methods: This prospective study included 63 patients. They underwent an examination with white light endoscopy (WLE) and Sidney system of biopsy followed by magnifying NBI with targeted biopsies. We monitored the presence of EGC, dysplasia (Dis), intestinal metaplasia (IM). Results: IM was diagnosed in 60 patients, and 128 areas. Dis was detected in 11 patients and 13 areas and 2 patients had EGC. The premalignant gastric lesions were detected by both investigation methods. We followed sensibility, specificity, positive, negative predictive values. For NBI we obtained 81%, 75%, and for WLE 52%, 68%. The EGC was diagnosed only with NBI. Conclusions: NBI endoscopy is better than WLE for detected IM, Dis and EGC. This method can be used for screening EGC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]