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Este artigo presenta un estudo de diversos fraseoloxismos pragmáticos do español e do inglés que, en termos xerais, o falante emprega para expresa-lo seu compromiso respecto da verdade do que enuncia e isto intensifica a forza ilocutiva do seu acto de fala. Perséguese, deste xeito, caracteriza-lo status fraseolóxico destas expresións, o lugar que ocupan na periferia do sistema fraseolóxico e as funcións concretas que desempeñan no discurso, que van dende a expresión do compromiso epistémico ata a manifestación do acordo interactivo intensificado. A análise baséase, de xeito máis específico, na abundante presenza destas unidades nos córpora COLAm (español) e COLT (inglés) da linguaxe xuvenil, no que este tipo de expresións se empregan como fins de especial variedade e expresividade. // This article presents a study of several Spanish and English pragmatic idioms which, in broad terms, are used by speakers to convey their commitment towards what they express and thus serve to intensify the pragmatic/illocutionary value of a given speech act. We aim to define the phraseological status of this set of expressions and the place they occupy within the periphery of phraseology, and analyze their specific discursive functions, which range from the expression of the speaker’s epistemic commitment to the pragmatic intensification of agreement in interaction. Our analysis is based on the abundant presence of these idioms in the COLAm and COLT corpora of Spanish and English teenagers’ language, where they are used with particularly rich and varied expressive purposes.

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This paper delves into concept extraction and lexical simplification in the financial domain in Spanish. In our approach, concept extraction involves identifying relevant terms and phrases using AI language models, while lexical simplification aims to make complex financial concepts more accessible. For this study, terms were annotated in the FinT-esp financial corpus and the mT5 neural model was used for accurate term extraction. The model yielded remarkable results: 96% of the detected terms had not been manually annotated before, showcasing its noteworthy generative capability. For lexical simplification, the paper proposes three main strategies: paraphrasing, synonym substitution, and translation, all integrated into an interactive interface that addresses the issue of sentence length. This research significantly contributes to financial concept detection and offers an effective method for simplifying financial language in Spanish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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En este trabajo se analizan 19 fórmulas rutinarias del español peninsular que comparten un mismo esquema sintáctico (Vete a+sintagma nominal o Vete a+sintagma verbal) y que se describen en los diccionarios como expresiones "de rechazo" hacia el interlocutor. Con base en las clasificaciones existentes, estas expresiones podrían considerarse fórmulas "subjetivas", "afectivas" o "expresivas actitudinales", ya que sirven para mostrar la actitud y las emociones del hablante. Sin embargo, conceptos complejos como "expresión afectiva", "actitudinal" o "de rechazo" no resultan muy esclarecedores a la hora de explicar el significado de este tipo de expresiones a hablantes de otras lenguas o de otras variedades del español. Por otro lado, dado que el español peninsular cuenta con al menos 19 expresiones de este tipo, es razonable pensar que entre ellas puedan existir algunas diferencias de significado. El presente estudio pretende dar respuesta a estas dos cuestiones mediante la aplicación de la Metalengua Semántica Natural (NSM) al análisis semántico-pragmático de estas unidades. Este trabajo ofrece un primer acercamiento a este tipo de expresiones mediante la elaboración de explicaciones semántico-pragmáticas para los diferentes grupos de fórmulas que, con base en los ejemplos encontrados, se han establecido en el estudio. This paper analyses 19 routine formulae from Peninsular Spanish that share the same syntactic pattern (Vete a+noun phrase or Vete a+verb phrase) and are described by dictionaries as expressions of "rejection" towards the interlocutor. On the basis of previous classifications, these expressions could be considered "subjective", "affective" and "attitudinal expressive" formulae, because they are used to show the speaker's attitudes and emotions. However, on the one hand, complex concepts such as "affective expression", "attitudinal" or "expression of rejection" are not very enlightening when describing this kind of expression to speakers of other languages or to speakers of a different variety of Spanish. On the other hand, given that at least 19 expressions of this kind exist in Peninsular Spanish, it is reasonable to think that there may be some differences of meaning between them. The present study aims to meet these two challenges by applying the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) methodology to the semantic-pragmatic analysis of these units. This paper offers a first approach to this kind of expression through the elaboration of semantic-pragmatic explications of the different groups of formulae that, on the basis of the examples found, have been established in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of this paper is to define, delimitate and explain the most important external and internal factors of the penetration of Germanic elements (mainly Visigothic) in the Iberian Peninsula, with special attention to the V-VIII centuries. The author analyses the political and linguistic situation in the Iberian Peninsula and indicates the textual sources of the above-mentioned period. He also makes some observations regarding the routes of penetration and presents some structural, lexical and semantic features of the Germanic borrowings. In his final remarks the author comments on the difference between direct and indirect loans and points out the possibility of the interaction between different external and internal factors, for example, phonetic, lexical and semantic changes connected with the evolution wisa > guisa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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