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In this study, an attempt is made to investigate the load transfer in pile groups constructed in saturated and unsaturated soil using aluminum model piles of 20 × 20 mm in cross section and 200 mm in length with six group configurations, single, 2 × 1 , 3 × 1 , 2 × 2 , 3 × 2 , and 3 × 3 , groups in addition to pull-out test. The samples are prepared at three different soil properties: two models with the same degree of saturation and two with different dry unit weights and the third is unsaturated soil model with. A relationship between the soil suction and water content is introduced using a digital monitor, accompanied by eight suction probes planted in CBR molds. This relationship is used to predict the value of suction when conducting tests on models of the unsaturated soil. Further, the soil suction is measured using a filter paper method. Results of ultimate load capacity obtained from the load–displacement curves reveal an increase in the ultimate load with increasing the number of piles in the group for the same soil properties, and also an increase in the soil dry unit weight. Further, the results indicate an increase in pile capacity when the soil becomes in unsaturated state compared with saturated soil for the same pile group tested. On the other hand, the pull-out test gives a maximum load carrying capacity when the single pile tested was in saturated soil with high dry density, and minimum results are obtained when tested in unsaturated condition with the percentage of increase being about 463 and 34% for two saturated soils, compared with that for unsaturated soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation: Zeitschrift für Angewandte Organisationspsychologie (GIO) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The directed power graph G (G) of a group G is the simple digraph with vertex set G such that x → y if y is a power of x. The power graph G (G) of the group G is the underlying simple graph. In this paper, we prove that Prüfer group is the only nilpotent group whose power graph does not determine the directed power graph up to isomorphism. Also, we present a group G with quasicyclic torsion subgroup that is determined by its power graph up to isomorphism, i.e. such that G (H) ≅ G (G) implies H ≅ G for any group H . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every individual has an opinion about what is good leadership and what is not good leadership. During childhood and youth, we value the leadership of parents, during education we value the leadership of professors, in the context of the organisation where we work, we value the leadership of the organisation's leaders, at the social level, we value the leadership of policy makers. Leadership is studied at a global level and represents one of the concepts that has been written about in every time and in every place. Leadership affects the quality of everyone's life. This is proven by the results of organisations and communities that change with the change of leaders. Leadership is key to both the development and failure of community organisations. There are many definitions of leadership; however, the common definition is that leadership is perceived as a process in which the leader influences the group to realise their common goal. Leadership is an interactive phenomenon, with leaders directing energy towards individuals in order to accomplish a task or achieve a specific result. It is important to distinguish between leadership as a trait and leadership as a process. According to the first approach, only the individual who possesses talent from birth can be a leader, while according to the second approach, leadership is a learned phenomenon. There are different styles of group leadership, but we focus on democratic and autocratic group leadership. Using the descriptive-comparative method and doctrinal research, the paper highlights the differences between the democratic and autocratic style of leadership on the one hand and the democratic and autocratic leader on the other. The paper ends with conclusions and recommendations for a more efficient leadership in groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Journal of Social Work is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, we discuss spectrum and energy of Arithmetic function signed graphs with respect to an arithmetical function and present some results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Aims Methods Main Contribution Conclusions What this paper adds What is already known on this subject What this paper adds to existing knowledge What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative condition characterised by a prominent and progressive deterioration in language abilities, which significantly impacts quality of life and interpersonal relationships. Speech and language therapy plays a crucial role in offering interventions. Group intervention is one mode of delivery that could benefit communication functioning and overall wellbeing of people with PPA (pwPPA) and their care partners. Group interventions are also more efficient than one‐to‐one intervention and may facilitate peer support.The aim of this review was to systematically evaluate the current evidence for the effectiveness of speech and language therapy groups for pwPPA and their care partners. Specifically, this paper considered three questions: 1.What evidence‐based speech and language therapy groups for pwPPA and their care partners have been reported to date? 2.Are group communication interventions effective in improving quality of life and communication function for pwPPA and their care partners? 3.Are group communication interventions that are designed for people with communication difficulties of other aetiologies (such as stroke) effective for pwPPA? In addition, this review aimed to describe the structure and content of groups, including aims, disciplines involved, size and frequency of group meetings, and outcome measures.MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO were used to retrieve articles of interest. A total of 10 studies published between 2009 and 2022 met the eligibility criteria and therefore were included in this study. Data were extracted from the articles regarding the structure and content of groups.Although evidence is currently limited, results suggest that speech and language therapy group intervention can improve specific linguistic processes, the use of communication strategies and psychosocial well‐being. The importance of multidisciplinary input and care partners’ involvement in groups was highlighted, along with the benefits of creative non‐verbal activities as tools for self‐expression. There is also initial evidence that telehealth group provision and one‐off group sessions may be feasible and can benefit psychosocial well‐being. Lastly, intentional recruitment and explicit education on different aphasia types are described as important when pwPPA participate in groups with mixed diagnoses.The literature on speech and language therapy group interventions for PPA shows promise of positive effects on communication function and psychosocial well‐being of both pwPPA and their care partners. Speech and language therapists can consider these published interventions when designing and implementing similar groups, but more robust evidence is required to confirm the relative effectiveness of this approach. Speech pathology led group intervention shows some promise in benefitting communication functioning and overall well‐being of pwPPA and their carers, but there has been no systematic evaluation of all the evidence regarding the efficacy of speech and language therapy led groups. Establishing feasibility, acceptability and efficacy of speech and language therapy group interventions for pwPPA and their carers may present a valuable addition for managing this progressive language disability. Although evidence is currently limited, results from this systematic review suggest that speech and language therapy led group intervention can improve specific linguistic processes, the use of communication strategies and psychosocial well‐being for pwPPA and their carers. The importance of multidisciplinary input and carers’ involvement in groups was highlighted, along with the benefits of creative non‐verbal activities as tools for self‐expression. There is also initial evidence that telehealth group provision for carers may be feasible and can benefit psychosocial wellbeing. Lastly, intentional recruitment and explicit education on different aphasia types are described as important when pwPPA participate in groups with mixed diagnoses. A synthesis of the evidence base for speech and language therapy led PPA groups, as well as a description of the group components and formats, will be valuable for clinical service planning, and will guide future examination of group options for pwPPA and their carers. Speech and language therapists can also consider the research findings from this systematic review when designing and implementing similar groups in their local context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present paper is to construct series of invariants of free knots (flat virtual knots, virtual knots) valued in free groups (and also free products of cyclic groups). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By analyzing the Ci-poetry of several representative novelists in the Ming and Qing dynasties, this paper finds that the popularization characteristics of this group of works have two special manifestations: secular subject and slang. The first one is influenced by principles of novel creation, the cultural background of the era, story content and so on. The second one is influenced by the intention of taking Ci-poetry as a play, the casual creative attitude, the habitual use of novel language, the widespread use of the Ming and Qing Ci Pu. The above contents reflect the diversity and particularity of the Ci-poetry writing in Ming and Qing dynasties, the cultural connotation of the secular communication between literati and the mutual influence between the Ming and Qing dynasties, which is conducive to grasping the overall appearance of the Ci-poetry circle in Ming and Qing dynasties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to introduce linear Diophantine anti-fuzzification of algebraic structures. In this regard, we define linear Diophantine anti-fuzzy (LDAF) substructures of a semigroup and discuss some of its properties. Moreover, we characterize semigroups in terms of LDAF-ideals and LDAF-bi-ideals. Finally, we apply the linear Diophantine anti-fuzzification to groups and find a relationship between LDAF-subgroups of a group and its LDF-subgroups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of collective memory, which is an integral component of modern memory studies, is considered in the paper. Memory, as the author notes, is a way for people to construct their past, which belongs to history. The concept of "collective memory", proposed by the French historian and sociologist Maurice Halbwachs at the beginning of the last century, opened the prospect of overcoming the absolutization of psychologism in historical research, and also defines the scientific sense of the meaning of collective historical trauma. The ideas of the French scientist regarding the presence of memory in the oral tradition and methods of analyzing forms of oral communication are studied. The sense of using the concept of "frame", which is a combination of spatio-temporal and social representations mediated by place, form, name, reasoning, and language, is revealed. In this context, the main idea of the scientist is the assertion that memories of the past are determined by social frameworks. The variability and transformation of social frameworks in connection with the entry of a person into many groups is emphasized in the paper. Group memory is the memory of people who live now and can discuss memories of their past. Examining Christianity as an example showed how gradually the collective memory of a group of believers, which coincided with the collective memory of society as a whole, was completely transformed under the influence of new and the latest social challenges. The role of tradition in the historical process is considered in the context of collective memory. Therefore, the paper suggests that society is able to act productively if its institutions rely on collective ideas and collective memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Permutation groups have played important roles in method of enumerating combinatorial objects in recent times. However, the study of the applicability AUNU permutation groups using group action is challenging. In this paper, a new method of constructing group action using the subsequences of (123)- avoiding of AUNU Permutation patterns is provided. The method used the generating function of AUNU groups in the construction to obtain some geometric structures of orbits resembling to lattice. The research further established some algebraic properties of group action as well as orbit and stabilizer in permutation groups which are relevant to the study of finite group structures. The paper also providedsome motivations for the study of group action in an abstract domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many factors influence the creation of business process models which are understandable for a target audience. Understandability of process models becomes more critical when size and complexity of the models increase. Using vertical modularization to decompose such models hierarchically into modules is considered to improve their understandability. To investigate this assumption, two experiments were conducted. The experiments involved 2 large-scale real-life business process models that were modeled using BPMN v2.0 (Business Process Model and Notation) in the form of collaboration diagrams. Each process was modeled in 3 modularity forms: fully-flattened, flattened where activities are clustered using BPMN groups, and modularized using separately viewed BPMN sub-processes. The objective was to investigate if and how different forms of modularity representation (used for vertical modularization) in BPMN collaboration diagrams influence the understandability of process models. In addition to the forms of modularity representation, the presentation medium (paper vs. computer) and model reader's level of business process modeling competency were investigated as factors that potentially influence model comprehension. 60 business practitioners from a large organization and 140 graduate students participated in our experiments. The results indicate that, when these three modularity representations are considered, it is best to present the model in a 'flattened' form (with or without the use of groups) and in the 'paper' format in order to optimally understand a BPMN model. The results also show that the model reader's business process modeling competency is an important factor of process model comprehension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the intersubjective, Jungian perspective, the group is an archetypically connoted, transitional space. Special attention is given to the shared symbolic scenario and the group matrix is interpreted figuratively. The group is the main protagonist. Single individuals do not disappear, but focus is set on how partial Selves interact while sharing a common drama. Group dynamics and personal histories connect dialogically, while a constant, multidimensional exchange takes place between individuals and the group. In this paper, the author explores: a) the function of embodiment, as resulting from an interacting process between the portrayed character and the symbolic issue that is being dealt with in the group; b) the leader's special role in the group process; c) non-participant observation as a tool for clinical outcome evaluation. The author will discuss themes both theoretically and with clinical examples, while highlighting the main tools used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents new findings on varieties generated by small semigroups and groups, and offers a survey of existing results. A companion website is provided which hosts a computational system integrating automated reasoning tools, finite model builders, SAT solvers, and GAP. This platform is a living guide to the literature. In addition, the first complete and justified list of identity bases for all varieties generated by a semigroup of order up to 4 is provided as supplementary material. The paper concludes with an extensive list of open problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A market basket is a set of items included in a retail assortment that a customer buys on a shopping trip. The purpose of market basket analysis is to persuade a customer to spend more money through upselling or cross-selling. Most recommendation systems only suggest a single next-item or the top n items that a customer is most likely to buy. A company might succeed in convincing a customer to spend more money to increase sales revenue if a recommendation system can suggest the next or top n groups of items that customers are likely to buy according to the items in their basket. Based on the similarity upper approximation clustering, Borda majority count and PrefixSpan algorithm, this paper proposes a novel next-group recommendation approach according to sequential market basket information. Compared with the previous methods, the proposed approach can provide next-group instead of next-item recommendation, which may create more opportunities for customers to increase their spending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper mainly presents series of research work on Sylow's theorem and examines its formal proof using concrete examples for verification and identifying some of its consequences. Furthe1more, some of its applications on a cyclic group order, small (but not simple) groups and infinite groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study near approximations in Cayley graphs, which are an extended study of rough approximations in Cayley graphs by using more than one equivalence relations. Furthermore, we introduce the notion of a near edge Cayley graphs, expanded to the near vertex pseudo-Cayley graphs and near pseudo-Cayley graphs. Some theorems dealing with the properties discussed are derived. We illustrate some examples especially in cyclic groups for simplification in graphs visualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In [S. Das, M. K. Sen and S. K. Maity, Leavitt path algebras for power graphs of finite groups, J. Algebra Appl., doi:10.1142/S0219498822502097], we studied several algebraic properties of Leavitt path algebra of the directed power graph ⃗ (G) and also of the directed punctured power graph ⃗ * (G) of a finite group G. In this paper, we compute the Grothendieck group of purely infinite simple Leavitt path algebra of the directed punctured power graph of a finite group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identity is among of the most common explanations for political outcomes. Despite this, studies of politics often fail to clearly conceptualize or define identity, leading to tremendous variation in the use and application of the concept, much of which is at odds with fundamental tenets of research on the topic. Decades of research in psychology, sociology, and political psychology inform a family of related theories referred to as "Social Identity Theory" (SIT) which demonstrates that identity requires three conditions in order to affect attitudes and behavior: cognitive classification, psychological attachment to the group, and a social context that causes a group identity to become salient. In this paper, we build on these conditions to develop a typology to help identify when and for whom identity should be politically consequential. Using national election data from 2012, 2016 and 2020 we show that failing to differentiate between these concepts, particularly what we call Descriptive and Substantive identity, can lead to mistaken inferences about the behavior of identity groups in politics. Applying insights from SIT also promises to help advance an improved understanding of questions of race, representation, and intersectionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]