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Según datos oficiales (basados en la línea de ingresos), la pobreza en Costa Rica llegó a afectar al 20% de los hogares en 1994 y, aparentemente, no se habría alejado de forma sustancial de ese valor. En la actualidad se considera que el nivel de pobreza se encuentra estancado en torno al 20% desde hace más de dos décadas. Sin embargo, la medición de la pobreza ha sufrido cambios metodológicos que impiden la estricta comparación de los datos en el tiempo. En esta investigación se realiza una propuesta para superar las dificultades metodológicas y obtener una serie de datos de pobreza comparables en el período de 1987 a 2017, con la cual se demuestra que la pobreza en Costa Rica mostró pocas variaciones entre 1994 y 2006, pero se redujo a partir de este último año. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Residential energy consumption level, structure, and potentiality are crucial indices reflecting economic and social development. In rural China, energy poverty is still prevalent, and economic poverty is a critical factor that deteriorates energy poverty. This paper combines income- and asset-based measures of wealth to provide a more dynamic perspective on the effects of economic poverty on energy poverty. Results show that for the household which in an average asset or income level, when its assets and income increase by 10%, the probability of a household choosing clean fuels increases by 0.007 and 0.002, respectively. Rural household prefers gas than electricity when household income and assets increase. To solve the energy poverty problem in rural areas, governments need to take measures to improve the accumulation of wealth, raise the infrastructure level and increase the employment rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using data from a customised household survey in Tonga we assess the responsiveness of migrants' remittances to perceived needs of recipients. We extend a mixed-motives model, incorporating subjectively-assessed recipient welfare. We find evidence supportive of altruism for households below a subjective threshold, implying that remittances provide important social protection for the poor. We also find a positive relationship for those above the threshold implying that welfare improvements in migrant-sending countries could increase or decrease remittance flows depending on pre-transfer welfare level. The effects of remittances on poverty alleviation and income distribution are hence more complex and ambiguous than previous studies suggest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This study tests the null hypothesis that it is sufficient to interview only the household head to obtain accurate information on household income. Results show that using a husband’s estimate of his wife’s income does not produce statistically reliable results for poverty analysis. Estimates of the wife’s income provided by the husband and wife are in agreement in only 6% of households. While limiting interviews to one person has the advantage of reducing the time and expense of household surveys, this appears detrimental in terms of accuracy, and may lead to incorrect conclusions on the determinants of poverty. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Examines the results of two large household surveys in South Africa, the October Household Survey and the Income and Expenditure Survey of 1995. Comparison of access to resources such as housing and land, and access to basic services across the households; Economic status of women and men living in households with different incomes.