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This paper contributes a case study on the Manchester Methodology — a tool for studying the process of industrialisation — focusing on the Derwent Valley in the North East of England and discussing the social structure relevant for industrialisation. In this case study the social structure has been moved from a top-down hierarchy of ownership to a bottom-up concept of social benefit, thereby reflecting the improvement of the condition of the working masses during industrialisation. The paper also reflects on the use of quantitative data within the Manchester Methodology rather than the qualitative data originally employed. This approach has produced a clearer picture of the relative dominance of some industries over others which may not be evident from the qualitative method alone, and demonstrates how this can be used to create a refined model of the industrial landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinweizu's wide-ranging and copious intellectual output persistently brings into sharp focus penetrating analysis of Asia's contemporary rise (read in Chinweizuan terms as autonomous modernization and industrialization) in juxtaposition to Africa's de-industrialization and with it her firm rootedness at the periphery of global power. "Africa's Staticity-Asia's Rise" is a binary that bothers Chinweizu to no end. In two key works presented in Accra and Abuja respectively (Chinweizu, 2010a; 2010b) he tries to find answers. The two papers throw up in my view, a few strategic questions : i. how should Africa relate to a rising Asia in contemporary times? ii. What will it take in real terms for Chinweizu's Black Superpower to emerge if the Asian example is a compelling one? iii. Is industrialization an existential necessity for Africa? iv. What kind of political, economic and social structures are required for a Black Superpower to emerge to command the respect of the world like Japan, Korea or China? This article will critically engage with these two works in order to attempt to respond to these strategic questions in the hope that it will aid in sharpening the theoretical underpinnings and practical processes for building the Chinweizuan Black Superpower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are debates in the research literature about the mechanisms responsible for the formation of local development trajectories. What is emphasised, as particularly scarce, are longitudinal studies which show how historical, social and institutional structures are reproduced and/or transformed into new paths of development in the case of industrial towns. This paper aims to capture the role of various social, cultural and institutional features that constitute localised capabilities, in the process of transition from an old to a new developmental path for older industrial towns. The authors use case studies of three medium-sized industrial centres in Poland: Dzierżoniów, Starachowice and Mielec, to illustrate how localised capabilities are shaped by the interplay of earlier economic activity and the characteristics of local firms, on the one hand, and the evolving social, cultural and institutional attributes of the particular town and its region on the other. As a result, industrial towns may differ significantly in their ability to absorb exogenous impulses, as well as their capacity to transform and recombine them into a new development pathway that is more resilient than the old one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine in this paper the concurrent appearance of the first two woods machines--the skidder and forwarder. By replacing the horse they initiated the industrial revolution in tree harvesting. We describe their invention and technological development. WE then assess their diffusion in the woods, revealing the greater success of the skidder. We demonstrate that this cannot be accounted for solely in terms of their respective technologies. Instead, we argue that interaction of technology with the social organization of their respective harvesting systems must be analyzed. By doing so, we find that the skidder altered that social organization whereas the forwarder did not. This paper, contributing to the understanding of an important area of economic activity which has been seriously understudied, illustrates concretely that comprehending technology requires locating it in the social organization of work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking the practical experience of Lianjie Town, Weiyuan County for example, this paper analyzed regional characteristics of the low hilly areas in Sichuan and interaction mechanism of "industrialization and urbanization", explored the path for the interaction between industrialization and urbanization from 5 perspectives, namely accelerating industrial upgrading, optimizing industrial structure, breaking through the dual system, industry back-feeding town, and protecting ecological background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarises some of the results of a continuing long-term landscape study into the history and archaeology of modern Tameside as a response to a widespread call for archaeology to make a distinctive theoretical contribution to the study of the era of industrialisation. Whilst there are many modern studies of the industrial development of the cities and towns of England, there are comparatively few by archaeologists dealing with the rural fringes where the contrast between pre-industrial and industrial society were often most dramatic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The enormous changes in people's lives that accompany economic development may be expected to lead to changes in diet and other culture traits. In China, beginning in the late 1970s, economic development has been rapid, especially in the eastern coastal regions, and has led to growth of urban functions (industrial and service activities) in the countryside. The first section reviews important aspects of urban-rural contrasts since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, and the second section of the paper reviews models of urban-rural contrasts in economy, social organization, and culture. Liaoning is one of China's oldest industrial bases as well as a rich agricultural region and has a long history of industrial and urban development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper looks at the effect of the new international division of labor on urbanization in developing countries. Previous histories, particularly of insertion into the world economy, affect responses to the new order. Also, previous phases in the organization of the world economy, particularly those associated with import-substitution industrialization, have shaped the urban systems and urban social organization of developing countries in particular ways. By comparing the tendencies of the import-substituting period with those of the new international division of labor, contrasts are brought out in the patterns of migration, the shape of the urban system, labor markets, and in urban social organization. The overall change is likely to be an increasing divergence, both within developing countries and between them, in their urban organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews the current state of knowledge about the effects of industrialization upon systems of social stratification. Taking societies as the unit of observation, we consider the relationships between level of industrialization and (I) the distribution of status characteristics in the population (the structure of stratification) ; (2) the pattern of interrelations among status characteristics (the process of stratification); and (3) the form of linkages between status characteristics and other aspects of social behavior (the consequences of stratification). A set of propositions is specified, a few of which are empirically well established but most of which yet require empirical testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To discuss the merits of this last hypothesis is beyond the scope of this paper, which has the much more limited aim of examining the empirical support for Lipset and Bendix's original argument. How firmly can we rely on their empirical generalization that the overall pattern of social mobility appears to be much the same in industrial societies? To answer this requires a reanalysis of their data. Although a complete assessment of this generalization would require the examination of all the available material, I have made here no attempt to incorporate more recent findings than they consider. Needless to say, this review is not meant to be negative but, rather, reopens an issue which may have been prematurely closed. Indeed it may even be that readers of Lipset and Bendix have imbued their findings with greater finality than was indicated, since in their original monograph they stress the tentative nature of their interpretation. As an interpretation their study remains masterful, and this critique should be seen in this context. One final qualification is that since the chapter in which this analysis appears was in fact written by Lipset and Zetterberg, it may be more proper to refer to this thesis as the Lipset-Zetterberg thesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]