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In the research of the review of this creative and innovation area that can benefit community and nation. The review that had been picked in this research was the paper. The aim of this review is to explain about the advantages or the benefits of paper and also the used of the paper, also the improvement of the nation by the helps of the paper production and innovation. The methods that we going to describe in this review was the involvement of the paper production in many fields, such as for individuals, schools, medical centre and so on. There are a lot of information and new knowledges that we going to present and cite in this review. The conclusion of this article review was to be making sure that everyone knows the important and the properties of the paper in our country.

Innovation and social learning are the pillars of cultural evolution, allowing cultural behaviours to cumulatively advance over generations. Yet, little is known about individual differences in the use of social and asocial information. We examined whether personality influenced 7-11-year-old children's (N = 282) propensity to elect to observe others first or independently generate solutions to novel problems. Conscientiousness was associated with electing for no demonstrations, while agreeableness was associated with opting for demonstrations. For children receiving demonstrations, openness to experience consistently predicted deviation from observed methods. Children who opted for no demonstrations were also more likely than those opting for demonstrations to exhibit tool manufacture on an innovation challenge and displayed higher creativity, as measured by an alternate uses task. These results highlight how new cultural traditions emerge, establish and advance by identifying which individuals generate new cultural variants in populations and which are influential in the diffusion of these variants, and help reduce the apparent tension within the 'ratchet' of cumulative culture.

This report is a synthesis of the technical assistance (TA) and recommendations, carried out by the World Bank water and sanitation program (WSP) since September 2014. To achieve the target of 100 percent improved sanitation, there is a national drive to improve fecal sludge management (FSM). This TA recognizes that to achieve the goals it is necessary to support the development of national FSM policies, regulations, and guidelines, while also improving capacity at the local level by supporting the implementation of improved FSM models in target cities. The objective of the TA was to provide government with tested advice on how to scale up improved septage management nationwide through: (i) improvement of septage management in three cities through the application of new management models (local level); and (ii) assistance to national government in training and capacity building and the formulation of policies and regulations to improve septage management at scale (national level). This report is structured as follows: chapter one is the executive summary; chapter two gives the background to sanitation in Indonesia and to fecal sludge management in particular; chapter three provides an overview of the TA approach; chapter four gives details of the implementation of the TA; chapter five summarizes the lessons learned; and chapter six outlines the recommendations and next steps.

When the economic crisis appeared to push us towards digital formats in lieu of ink-scented paper, when e-books and PDF files were beginning to replace printed books and catalogues at faster pace than had been foreseen, when the demise of the graphic arts seemed to be in sight, some businesses in the sector refused to give up, surprising us with new sensory proposals in printed matter. As well as being visually attractive, these proposals provide olfactory and tactile experiences, an even react to body temperature. Innovation and interaction in a pure state.

Genom sin forskning har Innventia lyckats uppfinna ett mekano-aktivt (rörligt) papper. Syftet med mitt arbete var att göra en studie av konsumentfördelarna med mekano-aktiva förpackningar, vilket skulle leda till framtagning av koncept eller prototyper baserade på konsumentfördelarna. Studien är utförd åt Innventia, för att bistå dem i deras fortsatta arbete med att ta fram mekano-aktiva förpackningar baserade på verkliga konsumentbehov.Studien genomfördes med hjälp av att tre fokusgrupper svarade på en enkät och deltog i workshops. Fokusgrupperna var indelade i följande kategorier: ungdomar, äldre med nedsatt rörelseförmåga samt småbarnsföräldrar, varje fokusgrupp bestod av sex deltagare.Resultatet visade att 89 % av deltagarna uppgav att de någon gång upplevde sig ha svårigheter att hantera förpackningar. Samtliga deltagare tror att dagens förpackningar kan förbättras med mekano-aktiva förpackningar. Deltagarna i studien hade en väldigt positiv inställning till mekano-aktiva förpackningar och resultatet (fick mig att dra slutsatsen) indikerade att det kan finnas (finns) en marknad för mekano-aktiva förpackningslösningar som uppfyller verkliga konsumentbehov. Through research Innventia has successfully invented a mechano-active (motioned) paper. The purpose of the current work was to do a survey of consumer benefits of mechano-active packages, leading to creation of 1-5 simple concepts and (or) prototypes of mechano-active packages based on consumer benefits. This survey is executed for Innventia in order to help them, in their continuing work with developing mechano-active consumer based packages based on real consumer needs.Using three targeting groups answering a questionnaire and participating in workshops have carried out the survey. The targeting groups were divided into three categories: youth of today, older with reduced mobility and parents with small children; each targeting group contained six participants.The results revealed that 89 % of the participants at sometimes find packages difficult to handle. All of the participants believe that the packages of today can improve with mechano-active packages. The participants in this survey were very open-minded towards the prospect of mechano-active packages and the results (helped me come to the conclusion) indicate that there might be (is) a market for mechano-active packaging solutions that fulfil real consumer needs.

Màster universitari en Estudis Avançats en Arquitectura: Innovació tecnològica a l’arquitectura El presente caso indagativo tiene como objeto de estudio el reciclaje del papel y el cartón, de manera específica en los materiales derivados de este proceso, así como las oportunidades de uso tanto económico y social en países como la República Dominicana. Las sociedades sin importar el lugar donde se desarrollan tienden a generar desperdicios que a partir de su reciclaje pueden llegar a ser muy útiles para crear nuevos productos que pueden llegar a ser arquitectura, de manera que la explotación del medio natural para generar materiales para la construcción puede parte verse alternado mediante la utilización de desechos y posibles transformaciones de los mismos. Desde un punto de vista subjetivo, es interesante ver la posibilidad de generar arquitectura a partir de materiales productos del reciclaje, es así como aportamos a la ciudad y a la sociedad gracias al consumo de residuos que pueden llegar a ser nocivos al entorno. La importancia de re-utilizar materiales que se desechan y convertirlos en nuevas propuestas plásticas no solo contribuye al mejoramiento del medio ambiente, sino que por medio de su exploración se logra transformar “algo inútil” en algo “útil”, innovando a la vez en diseños y formas expresivas con contenidos pedagógicos de gran impacto. El papel es un producto histórico, que en arquitectura ha tenido su importancia atendiendo a culturas y épocas específicas, debido a esto y a la tendencia mundial del reciclaje la acción explorativa que se ha utilizado revela la relación actual entre el papel reutilizado y el uso en edificaciones. El desarrollo del trabajo se ha optado por dividirlo en tres partes fundamentales, una primera que consta de la introducción, delimitación del tema, justificante y objetivos que definen el trabajo investigativo. En una segunda parte se genera un compendio debido a la búsqueda de información y compilación documental actual que proporciona los datos necesarios para comprender conceptos importantes íntimamente ligados al tema, la situación actual en cuanto a producción y reciclaje del papel, materiales que se derivan de ese proceso además de un análisis de la situación actual de las edificaciones en República Dominicana. La tercera viene dada por una deducción e interpretación de los datos recopilados en la primera parte, de forma que sirva de base para la propuesta, la cual constituye la parte tercera. This research case study aims recycling paper and paperboard, specifically in materials derived from this process and opportunities for both economic and social use in countries like the Dominican Republic. Societies no matter where they develop tend to generate waste that from recycling can become very useful for creating new products that can become architecture so that the exploitation of the natural environment to generate building materials it can be alternated part using waste and possible transformations thereof. From a subjective point of view, it is interesting to see the possibility of generating architecture from materials recycling products, so as to bring the city and society through the use of waste that can become harmful to the environment. The importance of re-using materials that are discarded and turn them into new plastic proposals not only contributes to improving the environment, but through its exploration can transform "useless" something "useful", innovating both in designs and expressive forms with high impact educational content. The paper is a historical product, which architecture has been important in response to specific cultures and epochs, because of this and the global trend of recycling the inquiries action that has been used reveals the current relationship between the reused paper and use in buildings. The development of research has chosen to divide it into three main parts, the first consisting of the introduction, delimitation of the topic, justification and objectives defining the research work. In a second part a compendium because finding information and current documentary compilation that provides the data necessary to understand important concepts closely linked to the issue, the current situation in terms of production and paper recycling, materials derived is generated from that process and an analysis of the current situation of the buildings in the Dominican Republic. The third is given by a deduction and interpretation of data collected in the first part, so that the basis for the proposal, which is the third part.